2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour单元学案（50页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour单元学案（50页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit 3A taste of English humour 单元学案 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考 ‎●重点单词 ‎1．humour n．幽默；滑稽→humourous adj.幽默的 ‎2．content adj.满足的；满意的 n．满足 vt.使满足 ‎3．perform v．执行；表演→performer n．表演者；演出者→performance n．执行；演出 ‎4．astonish vt.使惊诧→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶 ‎5．fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortune n．运气，财富→fortunately adv.幸运地 ‎6．ordinary adj.平常的；普通的 ‎7．entertain vt. & vi.使欢乐；款待→entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的→entertainment n．娱乐 ‎8．throughout prep.遍及，贯穿 adv.到处；始终；全部 ‎9．overcome vt. & vi.战胜；克服 ‎10．convince vt.使信服→convinced adj.坚信不移的→convincing adj.令人信服的 ‎11．direct vt. & vi. &adj.导演；指示；指挥；直的；直接的；直率的 ‎→direction n．指导→director n．导演→directly adv. & conj.直接地，径直地；一……就……‎ ‎12．outstanding adj.突出的；杰出的；显著的 ‎13．gesture n．姿态；手势 vi.做手势 ‎14．particular adj. & n．特殊的，特别的；细节；细目→particularly adv.特别地，挑剔地 ‎15．occasion n．时刻；‎ ‎16．slide vt. & vi.(使)滑动；(使)滑行 n．滑；滑动；幻灯片 ‎17．whisper n．耳语；低语 vt. & vi.低语；小声说 ‎18．react vi.作出反应；回应→reaction n．反应；回应 ‎●重点短语 ‎1．up to now直到现在 ‎2．feel/be content with 对……满足 ‎3．badly off 穷的；缺少的 ‎4．pick out 挑出；辨别出 ‎5．cut off 切断；断绝 ‎6．star in 主演；担任主角 ‎7．break into 破门而入 ‎8．worse off 境况更差，更糟糕 ‎9．through_out the world 全世界 ‎10．in search of 寻找 ‎11．burst into 突然发出 ‎12．bring out 产生；引起 ‎13．in the open air 在户外，在野外 ‎14．keep to 坚持；固守 ‎●重点句型 ‎1．As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.维克多·雨果曾经说过，“笑容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天”。关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·卓别林做得更好。‎ ‎2．Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. ‎ 查理首先吃起鞋带，好像它们是意大利面条一样。‎ ‎3．“Well, it certainly will be this morning，” the man said, “because I happen to be flying it！”“哦！那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”‎ ‎4．The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn out shoes and a small round black hat.‎ 这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。‎ ‎●高考范文 ‎(2009·江西卷)‎ 学校即将举行以Turning a Bad Mood (心情) into a Good One”为题目的英语作文比赛，请按下列要求写一篇100词左右的记叙文或议论文。‎ 记叙文 ‎1．发生的具体事件。‎ ‎2．对你的心情有何影响？‎ ‎3．你如何应对？　‎ 议论文 ‎1．好心情的重要性。‎ ‎2．产生坏心情的原因。‎ ‎3．应该如何调整心情。‎ ‎[范文]‎ Turning a Bad Mood into a Good One One day, on my way to school by bus, I stepped on a young man's foot accidentally/quite by accident/chance. I said sorry to him politely immediately, but he called my names rudely. I am in a bad mood the rest of the day.‎ Realizing my bad mood, my headteacher talked with me patiently about it. He said that in fact it is an attitude toward life. It is known to us all that there is a famous saying ‎ ‎“Everything depends on one's attitude”. Life is like a mirror, if you smile at it, it will smile back to you. ‎ ‎ Through this matter, I realize that a good mood is actually an ‎ attitude toward life in essence, and that an active attitude toward everything is very important. I'll face everything unpleasant tolerantly from now on and let my soul full of sunshine.‎ 考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 ‎1．content n．内容，目录，容量；满足 adj.满足的；满意的 vt.使满足 be content with＝be satisfied with 对……感到满足/满意 be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.愿意做某事 content sb./oneself with sth. 使某人/自己对……满意 in content and form 在内容和形式上 ‎[即学即练1](1)Are you ____________ your present salary？你对现在的薪水满意吗？‎ ‎(2)My parents ________________________ in the country.我父母甘愿住在乡下。‎ ‎(3)Simple praise is enough to ____________.‎ 一点点表扬就足以使他满足。‎ ‎(4)Show me __________________ your suitcase.‎ 给我看看你手提箱里的东西　 　‎ content with are well content to live content him the contents of 提示：content 用做形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如：a contented expression“满足的表情”； content 前的修饰词用 well，而不用 very。‎ ‎2.astonishing adj. 令人十分惊异的 astonished adj. 感到十分惊讶的 astonishment n. 惊讶 to one‘s astonishment 使某人万分惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 be astonished at/by sth. 因某事而吃惊 be astonished to do sth. 因干某事而吃惊 ‎[即学即练2](1)We __________________ the news of her sudden death.‎ 她突然去世的消息使我们震惊。‎ ‎(2)It ____________ us to hear that you did not receive our letter. 听说你还没收到我们的信，这使我们十分惊讶。‎ ‎(3)It was an ____________ story.这故事令人惊讶不已。‎ were astonished at astonished astonishing ‎3．entertain vt.&vi. 使快乐，款待 entertaining adj. 引人发笑的，有趣的，娱乐的 entertainment n. 招待，款待，娱乐 entertain sb. with sth. 用……使某人快乐 entertain sb. to sth. 用……招待/款待某人 give an entertainment to sb. 招待某人 ‎(2)I usually _________ my friends ______ dinner on Sundays.‎ 我常在星期天请朋友们吃饭。‎ ‎(3)It’s not a very serious film, but a good _______________.‎ 这不是一部严肃的电影，而是一部很好的娱乐片。‎ entertains with entertain to entertainment ‎4．overcome v. 战胜；克服；征服 be overcome by sth.……使某人垮掉，……使某人昏迷 be overcome with emotion/excitement/horror/grief 因情感/兴奋/恐怖/悲伤而不能自持 ‎[即学即练4](1)In the final game Sweden easily ____________‎ ‎ France.在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。‎ ‎(2)Her parents __________________ grief at the funeral.‎ 在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝。‎ ‎(3)The dead woman had __________________ smoke.‎ 这个女人是被烟呛死的。　‎ overcame were overcome with been overcome by ‎5．convince vt.使确信，使信服，使认识 convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 convinced adj.确信的；深信的；坚信的 convince sb. of sth. 说服某人相信某事 convince sb. that... 使某人信服(相信)‎ be convinced of... 确信……‎ be/feel firmly convinced that... 确信；笃信；坚信……‎ ‎[即学即练5]‎ ‎(1)We finally ____________ them ______ our adventure.‎ ‎＝We finally ___________ them ____________ our adventure.‎ 我们最终令他们信服了我们的冒险经历。‎ ‎(2)Her smile ___________ him ______ she was happy.‎ 她的微笑使他确信她快乐。‎ ‎(3)They __________________ the result of the experiment ‎ finally.他们最终相信了实验结果。‎ ‎(4)I __________________ his guilt.‎ ‎________he is guilty.‎ 我确信他有罪。‎ convinced of convinced to believe convinced that were convinced of am convinced of that ‎(5)There is now ____________ evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。‎ convincing ‎6．direct vt.&vi. 导演；指挥；指示　adj. 径直的；直接的；直率的　adv. 直接地 direct sth. to/towards sth./sb.‎ direct sth. at/against sth./sb.把……对准 ‎(某方向或某人)‎ direct sb. to sp. 给某人指路，为某人领路 direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事 that 从句(用虚拟语气)‎ the direct road/train 直通道路/直达列车 be in direct contact with sb. 与某人有直接的联系 go direct to sp. 直接去某地 ‎[即学即练6](1)She prefers to ______ rather than ______.‎ 她宁愿当演员，不愿当导演。‎ ‎(2)The police officers had __________________ search the building. 警察奉命搜查这栋大楼。‎ ‎(3)The judge _________ that the mother be given custody of the child. 法官判决这孩子由母亲照管。‎ act direct been directed to directed ‎7．particular adj. 特殊的，特别的，挑剔的 n. 细节，细目 be particular to 是……特有的 be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究，挑剔 in particular 尤其，特别，格外 ‎[即学即练7](1)The coconut __________________ the tropics.椰子是热带地区特有的。‎ ‎(2)She __________________ her clothes.‎ 她对衣着很讲究。‎ ‎(3)She loves the song ____________， because her mother used to sing it.‎ 她特别喜爱这首歌，因为她妈妈过去经常唱。‎ is particular to is particular about in particular ‎8．whisper v．&n.低语，耳语，私语；私下说，低声地说 in a whisper (＝in whispers) 低声地 whisper about sth. 密谈某事 It is whispered that... 有人私下说……‎ whisper to sb. 对某人窃窃私语 ‎[即学即练8](1)They debated it ____________.‎ 他们低声辩论。‎ ‎(2)The two girls were ______________ in the library.‎ 这两个女孩在图书馆里低声说话。‎ ‎(3)After a few minutes, he ___________ the answer ______ the creature’s ear.‎ 过了几分钟，他小声在这个动物的耳旁说出答案。‎ ‎(4)__________________ that he was heavily in debt.据说他负债累累。‎ in whispers whispering whispered in It was whispered 提示：whisper 后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词 to, 即whisper sth. to sb.＝ whisper to sb. sth.。类似结构还有：‎ announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布……‎ explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释……‎ introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍……‎ suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议 report sth. to sb. 向某人报告 ‎9．react vi.&vt. 反应，反抗；起化学反应，起作用 react to sth. 对……作出反应 react on (upon)‎ 对……起作用，对……有影响，对……起反应 react against 反抗，反对 ‎[即学即练9](1)How did he ____________ the news?‎ 他对这消息有何反应？‎ ‎(2)Will the people ever ____________ this dictator?‎ 有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？‎ ‎(3)Applause _______________ a speaker.‎ 鼓掌对讲演者有影响。‎ react to react against reacts on/upon ‎10．badly off 穷的；缺少的 be badly off 拮据，贫穷 be badly off for sth. 某物短缺，不够 ‎＝be short of/lack of be well off 有钱的，富裕的 be well off for sth.某方面是充裕的 ‎[即学即练10](1)I have got a big room so I‘m not too ‎ ____________.‎ 我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不坏。‎ ‎(2)His family is not ____________.‎ 他家境不太富裕。‎ ‎(3)We _______________ for storage space in the new offices.我们的新办公室里有很多贮藏东西的地方。‎ ‎(4)She ______________ for friends.‎ 她缺少朋友。‎ badly off well off were well off is badly off ‎(5)I went to his home and found his living conditions were ____________ than mine.‎ 我去他家一看，发现他的生活状况比我的更差。‎ ‎　worse off ‎11．pick out 选出；选拔；分辨出；领会 pick on 选择(某人或某物)作受罚(挨骂、干不愉快的 工作)的对象 pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会；‎ 用车接某人；收听到；身体好转 pick off 摘下，摘掉；逐个地(或有选择地)瞄准射中 ‎[即学即练11](1)Let me ____________ some good ones for you.让我来替你挑几个好的。‎ ‎(2)It's easy to __________________ in a crowd because he is very tall.‎ 很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。‎ ‎(3)The bus ____________ passengers outside the airport.‎ 公共汽车在机场外接乘客。‎ pick out pick him out picks up ‎12．cut off 切掉，割掉，分离，隔离(常跟 from)，中断 cut across 抄近路穿过；对直穿过 cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开 cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；‎ 毁灭，破坏 cut in 插嘴；突然插入 cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/切碎 cut out 切掉；删掉 cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心 ‎[即学即练12](1)I had my hair ____________ and sold it.‎ 我把头发剪掉卖了。‎ ‎(2)Just when she had reached the most important point we ______________.‎ 她刚刚讲到最要紧的地方，我们的电话就被切断了。‎ ‎(3)We were completely ______________ the outside world.我们和外界完全隔绝了。‎ Cut off were cut off cut off from Ⅱ.重点句型详解 ‎1．As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”， and up_to_now_nobody has been able to do this better_than Charlie Chaplin. 维克多·雨果曾经说过，“笑容如阳光，驱走人们脸上的冬天”。关于这一点，直到今天也没有人能比查理·‎ 卓别林做得更好。(1)as在此引导定语从句，修饰后面整个句子，此时，定语从句的位置比较灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，译为“正如，正像”。①As all his friends agree, he was unusually warm－hearted, loving and generous.正如他所有的朋友都认为的那样，他非常热心、可亲、慷慨。‎ ‎②I am as you can imagine short enough of money.‎ 正如你所想象的那样，我很缺钱。‎ ‎③He was a teacher, as was clear from his manner.‎ 正如根据他的举止所断定的，他是一位老师。‎ ‎(2)up to now 意为“迄今；到现在为止”，是多用于现在完成时的时间状语，常可与 until now, by now, so far 互换。‎ ‎①Up to now, about 30 foreign companies have set up branches in this developing zone.‎ 到现在为止，已有大约30家外国公司在这个开发区设立了分公司。‎ ‎②They have raised more than $1 000 000 for this project up to now/until now/so far.‎ 到目前为止，他们已经为这个项目筹集到一百多万美元了。‎ ‎(3)．..nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.‎ 当形容词或副词的比较级出现在否定句中时，往往不表示否定的意义而是表示充分的肯定。‎ ‎—I think students should have more of their own time. Don‘t you think so?‎ 我认为学生应该有更多的属于他们自己的时间。你不这么认为吗？‎ ‎—I can’t agree more. (＝I completely agree.)‎ 完全赞同。‎ ‎[即境活用1]　—Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away?‎ ‎—Thank you. ______.‎ A．It couldn‘t be better　　 B．Of course you can C．If you like D．It's up to you 答案：A 解析：It couldn't be better. “再好不过了”，相当于 It's the best.‎ ‎2．“Well, it certainly will be this morning，” the man said, “because I happen_to_be flying it！”“啊，那今天上午肯定要晚点了，”那人说，“因为碰巧我要驾驶那班飞机！”happen to do/be 碰巧 句型 Sb. happens to do sth.可以转换成 It happens that sb. does sth.，但使用时要注意复合句中从句谓语的时态要与简单句中的动词不定式的形式相呼应。‎ ‎①When I went to see him, he happened to be away on holiday.‎ ‎(＝When I went to see him, it happened that he was away on holiday.)‎ 我去看他时，他碰巧在外度假。‎ ‎②Joseph came to borrow my skiing boards yesterday, but I happened to have lent them to my cousin last week.(＝...but it happened that I lent them to my cousin last week.)‎ 约瑟夫昨天来借滑雪板，不巧的是我上星期借给我的表弟了。‎ ‎[即境活用2]　When the bridge fell down, several cars happened ______ on it.‎ A．to run B．running C．to be running D．that they were running 答案：C 解析：句意：那座桥坍塌时，正巧有好几辆汽车正在上面行驶。happen to do 中不定式根据语境可选择不同的形式。‎ ‎3．The tramp, a poor and homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn－out shoes and a_small_round_black_hat. 这个流浪汉，一个留着小胡子的穷苦的无家可归的人，穿着大裤子、破鞋子，头顶着黑色的小圆帽。‎ a small round black hat 中的 hat前有三个形容词做定语，在英语中多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序是：限制词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词(nice, good, interesting, beautiful...)＋特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。我们可以用下面的一段顺口溜来帮助记忆：‎ 限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。‎ 颜色国籍出材料，作用类别紧跟着。‎ ‎①all these last few years 所有这些逝去的岁月 ‎②some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花 ‎③the first beautiful white Chinese military jeep 第一辆漂亮的白色中国军用吉普车 ‎[即境活用3]　—Is it Jim who is driving the new car?‎ ‎—Probably. I know he has recently bought a ______ car.‎ A．shiny black German ‎ B．black shiny German C．shiny German black ‎ D．black German shiny 答案：A 解析：考查形容词的排列顺序。‎ 易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考 ‎1.direct/directly ‎(1)direct 用于具体意义，指“中途不停地，径直地”。‎ ‎(2)directly 多用于抽象意义，表示“直接地”，还有“立即，马上”等意思。directly 还可用做连词引导时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as。‎ ‎[应用1]　用 direct和directly 填空 ‎(1)___________ he came in, everyone was quiet.‎ ‎(2)He went ______ to the airport.‎ ‎(3)The measure affects me __________.‎ ‎　　‎ Directly direct directly ‎2. especially/specially/particularly ‎(1)especially 强调程度，意为“特别，尤其”。‎ ‎(2)specially 强调目的，多指为某一特定目的而专门做某事。‎ ‎(3)particularly 表“特别地，尤其地”，可以与 especially 互换，但 particularly 还可作“详细地，细致地”讲。‎ ‎[应用2]　用 especially, specially, particularly 填空 ‎(1)The doctor told the patient ___________ not to drink.‎ ‎(2)I like the country, ____________________in spring.‎ ‎(3)Please describe the event fully and ______________.‎ ‎　‎ specially especially/particularly particularly 高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The government called on us to stop the bird flu from spreading t_________________ the country.‎ ‎2．Floods in that country made thousands of people h________________.‎ ‎3．I think that you are f_________ to have such a good teacher.‎ ‎4．I was no longer satisfied with the life that had once c_____________ me.‎ ‎5．Young as he is, he has o__________ a lot of difficulties.‎ throughout　‎ homeless fortunate contented overcome ‎6．Charlie Chaplin's _____________ (愉快的，有趣的) silent movies are still popular today.‎ ‎7．The film _________ (导演) by Chaplin was very interesting.‎ ‎8．There was nothing in the letter of _________ (特别) importance.‎ ‎9．The news that our team had won __________ (使惊讶) everyone.‎ ‎10．The pen _________ (滑落) from his hand.‎ entertaining　‎ directed particular astonished slided Ⅱ .单项选择 ‎1．(2010·临川一中)－Stay a bit longer; it's been such ______ fun having ‎ you with us.‎ ‎－Thanks, anyway. I've to get ______ early start tomorrow morning.‎ A．/; the B．a; an C．/; an D．the; an 答案：C 解析：考查冠词。第一空因fun为不可数名词，所以不用冠词；第二空get an early start早早出发，固定用法。‎ ‎2．If he hadn't been so ______ about his food, he would be healthier now.‎ A．special B．curious C．particular D．anxious 答案：C 解析：考查形容词辨析。be particular about “对……挑剔”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎3．______of the truth of the report, he told his colleagues about it.‎ A. Convinced B. Convincing C. To convince D. Having convinced 答案：A 解析：convince是及物动词“使确信，信服”，用于 convince sb. of sth. 或be convinced of sth. 短语，该空做状语，应用 convinced。‎ ‎4．—What will you buy for your husband's birthday?‎ ‎—I want to buy a ______ wallet for him.‎ A．black leather small B．small black leather C．small leather black D．black small leather 答案：B 解析：考查形容词的排列顺序。‎ ‎5．I don't know whether you happen ______ but I'm going to study in the USA in summer.‎ A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard 答案：D 解析：考查 happen to do “碰巧……”，由句意可知用不定式的完成式 to have heard。‎ ‎6．—How can I take the medicine, sir?‎ ‎—Just follow the ______ on the bottle.‎ A．information B．introduction C．directions D．explanations 答案：C 解析：考查名词辨析。“瓶子上的说明书”用 directions。 explanation解释说明；information 信息；introduction介绍。‎ ‎7．When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company ______ his Internet connection.‎ A．cut down B．cut up C．cut off D．cut out 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语。cut off “切断”，合题意。‎ ‎8．(2010·湖北百校联考)Her irresponsible behavior ______ her father many sleepless nights.‎ A．costs B．takes C．spends D．pays 答案：A 解析：cost“使付出努力，使做不愉快的事”，符合语意“她不负责任的行为使她的父亲夜不能寐”。‎ ‎9．(2010·甘肃天水一中)I ______ in London for many years, but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.‎ A．lived B．have lived C．had lived D．was living 答案：A 解析：“我在伦敦生活了很多年”只是对过去的一般叙述，过去的动作并没有对现在造成影响，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎10．—How do you ______ to her unkind behavior?‎ ‎—Only silence.‎ Which of the following is wrong?‎ A．answer B．react C．reply D．respond 答案：A 解析：react to 意为“对……作出反应”；answer 后面不接 to；reply ‎ to“对……作出回答”；respond to“对……作出回答”。‎ ‎11．(2009·重庆一中)Is it high time that our society ______ those who are ______？‎ A．care for; badly off B．cared for; bad off C．to care about; well off D．cared about; badly off 答案：D 解析：care for 照顾，喜欢；care about 关心，在乎； be well off 富裕的；be badly off 贫困的。且 It is high time that...从句中应该用过去时态。‎ ‎12．Although there were so many people in the square, I could ______ my friend.‎ A．pick up B．pick out C．make up D．set out 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语。pick out挑选出来，辩认出来。‎ ‎13．The old man sat in the corner, ______ along.‎ A．well content to have a drink B．well content from having a drink C．quite contented having a drink D．to be quite contented with drink 答案：A 解析：be well content to do sth. 意为“非常满足于做某事”。‎ ‎14．He behaved naturally ______ nothing had happened to him.‎ A．even if B．only if C．as if D．so that 答案：C 解析：考查状语从句。as if“似乎，好像”，从句中用了虚拟语气。‎ ‎15．Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.‎ A．who B．which C．why D．when 答案：D 解析：when 引导的从句做 occasions 的同位语。‎ Ⅲ .阅读理解 ‎ A ‎ Taking charge of your energy use not only saves your money, it helps to protect our environment by lowering emissions(排放) and conserving resources. There are many things you can do to save energy without affecting your comfort or convenience.‎ The household is a great place to start and a place where each one of us can make a big difference. So if you're looking for ways to lower your energy bill, start taking charge right here. It's easier than you think!‎ Decrease energy use ‎◆Turn off your water heater when you go on vacation for a week or longer.‎ ‎◆Take a short shower instead of a bath.‎ ‎◆Keep your refrigerator and freezer full.‎ ‎◆Shut down computers at night and when not in use.‎ ‎◆When your family is replacing appliances(家电), choose ones with an ENERGY STAR label.‎ Cooling ‎◆On hot summer days, close all of your blinds, curtains, windows and doors to keep out of the heat.‎ ‎◆Turn off the air conditioner overnight and when you are out during the day.‎ ‎◆Use fans to create nice cool breezes(微风)．‎ Lighting ‎◆Turn off lights when you leave a room.‎ ‎◆Try to open curtains and use natural light when possible.‎ ‎◆Replace regular light bulbs with energy efficient ones.‎ Laundry(洗衣)‎ ‎◆Make sure your washing machine and dryer are full when you use them.‎ ‎◆Wash your clothes in cold water when you can.‎ ‎◆Dry your clothes on a clothesline whenever possible—this uses no electricity at all.‎ ‎______‎ ‎◆Cook as many dishes as possible at a time.‎ ‎◆Only boil the water you need.‎ ‎◆If possible, use smaller appliances instead of large ones when cooking small portions(份额)—it also helps keep your house cool.‎ ‎◆Remember to use the thermometer or timer on your oven to avoid over－cooking.‎ ‎1．If you choose appliances with an ENERGY STAR label, you will probably choose the ones ______.‎ A．that are shiny like a star B．with a star shaped mark on C．that help to save energy D．that are cheaper and easier to run 答案及解析：C。细节题。根据Decrease energy use标题可知，选择的电器应该是能节省能源的，这里的ENERGY STAR label指一种节能的标志(签)。故选C项。‎ ‎2．What can be learned from the passage?‎ A．A blind may be a kind of curtain.‎ B．Light bulbs can be replaced by natural light.‎ C．Washing machines must be full of water when used.‎ D．People must have both small and large appliances to cook.‎ 答案及解析：A。细节题。根据Cooling部分第1点close all of your blinds, curtains, windows and doors to keep out of the heat可知blind可能也是一种能遮挡光和热的窗帘。故选A项。‎ ‎3．To save the energy, we should ______.‎ A．put few things into our refrigerators B．open curtains on hot days C．cook only one dish at a time D．hang our clothes to dry 答案及解析：D。细节题。根据Laundry部分的Dry your clothes on a clothesline whenever possible可知我们应该晾晒衣服。故选D项。 ‎ ‎4．Which of the following titles can be used to fill in the blank?‎ A．Cooking B．Heating C．Appliances using D．Water saving 答案及解析：A。主旨大意题。文章最后一部分主要是讲烧水做饭时如何能做得更加节能，故A项为最佳标题。‎ 这是一篇新闻报道，文章看似难，但设题并不难做，对于这样的题型，我们可以先看题，采取查读的方式做题，然后再返回文章印证答案。 B Vienna—In spite of Iraq's decision to stop oil deliveries, the 11nation Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)will not increase production to make up the shortfall, ministers decided Tuesday in Vienna.‎ ‎ The 11 oil ministers decided to meet again on July 3 to discuss the effects of the Iraq temporary stop. The organization's president, Charkid Kheria of Algeria, said after the meeting that stocks were high and prices were stable, so quota increases were not necessary.‎ ‎ The E．U. Commission has expressed concern about Iraq's output stop. A speaker said OPEC had to take all possible measures to keep or lower the oil price.‎ ‎ Saudi Arabia's Oil Minister Ali AlNuaimi had earlier said there would not be any shortfall of oil in the market. The organization had already taken steps to fill the gap, he said. ‎ OPEC Secretary General Ali Rodriguez added that the period of Iraq's output stop was not known, so other exporters were not going to lift quotas yet. If the market was destabilized (使……动摇), a suitable response could be made. Iraq on Monday stopped shipments of crude oil to protest against the U．N. Security Council's decision to extend the oilforfood programme by only a month, instead of the normal sixmonth renewal. Just before the Vienna meeting, oil prices had gone up, with a barrel of OPEC crude oil selling for 27.05 dollars, up from 26.81 dollars last Friday. North Sea oil was at 29.26 dollars Monday evening.‎ ‎ OPEC wants the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars and achieved that with cuts in January and March that reduced 2.5 million ‎ barrels per day off quotas(配额)．‎ ‎5. Iraq made the decision to stop oil deliveries because ______.‎ A. oil price is too low in international market B. the U．N. Secretary Council has decided to shorten the time of extension of the oilforfood programme C. many oil wells were destroyed during the war in the late 1980s D. it couldn't get enough money to develop its economy 答案及解析： B。由文章倒数第二段第一句可知。‎ ‎6. The attitude the E．U. Commission took towards Iraq's output stop is ______.‎ A. active B. concerned ‎ C. cold D. surprised 答案及解析： B。由文章第三段可知。‎ ‎7. The 11 oil ministers decided to meet on July 3 so that______.‎ A. they can persuade Iraq to continue oil production B. they can have a talk with the U．N. Security Council C. they can have a discussion about the effects of Iraq's temporary output stop D. they can make up their minds to increase oil production 答案及解析： C。文章第二段第一句说明。‎ ‎8. The main idea of the passage is ______.‎ A. the oil prices in the world were stable though Iraq has stopped oil ‎ deliveries B. OPEC has controlled the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars C. OPEC will not increase oil production to make up the shortfall that caused by Iraq D. oil is connected with people's daily life ‎8.答案及解析： C。文章开头就点明了OPEC对伊拉克暂停供油的态度，下文又进行了分述。‎ Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．I found it________(令人惊讶的) that the young player beat the chess master in the game.‎ 答案：　astonishing ‎2．He is a________(失败者) as an artist，but a success as an art teacher.‎ 答案：　failure ‎3．If we work with a strong will，we can ________(克服) any difficulty，no matter how great it is.‎ 答案：　overcome ‎4．They often________(款待) their friends at weekends.‎ 答案：　entertain ‎5．Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the________(无家可归的) work and education.‎ 答案：　homeless ‎6．After graduating from Peking University，he was________(幸运的) in having a good job.‎ 答案：　fortunate ‎7．I lived in an area of________(显著的) natural beauty.‎ 答案：　outstanding ‎8．Most________(表演者) feel nervous before they go on stage.‎ 答案：　performers ‎9．So far there is no________(令人信服的) evidence that there exists life in outer space.‎ 答案：　convincing ‎10．Some kids are very ________(挑剔的、特别的) about food.That’s why they don’t have a balanced diet.‎ 答案：　particular Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．up now　　　　　　直到现在 ‎2．badly 　　　穷的；缺少的 ‎3．cut 　　　切断；断绝 ‎4．cut 　　　砍倒，缩小，削减 ‎5．burst laughter　　　突然笑起来 ‎6．feel content 　　　对……满足 ‎7．pick 　　　挑出；辨别出 ‎8．star 　　　担任主角；主演 ‎9．pay attention 　　　注意 ‎10． the open air　　　在户外 to off off down into with out in to in Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家庭状况更糟了，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ Unfortunately his father died，__________ ________ ________ ____________ ________ ________，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.‎ 答案：　leaving the family even worse off ‎ ‎2．查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。‎ Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them________ ________ they were spaghetti.‎ 答案：　as if ‎3．在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英国成为受欢迎的童星之一。‎ By his teens，Charlie________，through his humour，________one of the most popular child actors in England.‎ 答案：　had；become ‎4．随着时间的推移，他开始拍电影。‎ ‎________time went by，he began making films.‎ 答案：　As content adj.满足的，满意的；n.内容，目录，容量；满足；vt.使满足 教材原句P18：He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed，so they could feel more content with their lives.‎ 在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到比较满足。‎ ‎①To be honest，I’m very content with my life at present.‎ 诚实的说，我对目前的生活心满意足。‎ ‎②That rich man is tired of city life，so he is content to live in the country.那位富人厌倦了城市生活，于是他愿意生活在乡下。‎ ‎③We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.‎ 我们永远不要仅仅满足于书本知识。‎ ‎④She dropped her purse and the contents fell out on the floor.‎ 她的皮包掉下，里面的东西散落在地板上。‎ ‎⑤It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.买书前最好先看一看目录。‎ ‎1.完成句子 Those________________________________(满足于现状的人) will surely make no more advance in life.‎ 答案：　who are content with their present situations astonish vt.使惊诧 教材原句P18：You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你可能会感到惊奇，查理刚会说话时大人就教他唱歌，他刚会走路时大人就教他跳舞了。‎ ‎①It astonished me that he could be so thoughtless.‎ 我真没料到他会如此轻率。‎ ‎②I was astonished to hear that he had got the job.‎ 听说他得到那份工作我很吃惊。‎ ‎③China is developing at an astonishing speed，and will soon be one of the most powerful countries in the world.中国以令人惊讶的速度发展，不久将成为世界上最强大国家之一。‎ ‎2.用astonish的适当形式填空：‎ To our great________，the boss wasn’t________ at the________news at all.‎ 答案：　astonishment；astonished；astonishing direct vt.& vi.导演；指挥；指示；adj.径直的；直接的；直率的；adv.直接地 教材原句P18：Charlie Chaplin wrote，directed and produced the films he starred in.‎ 查理·卓别林自编、自导、自制他主演的电影。‎ ‎①The opera was directed by the wellknown Chinese director，Zhang Yimou.歌剧由中国著名导演张艺谋执导。‎ ‎②The old man is willing to stand on the bend and directs the traffic.这位老人乐意站在转弯处指挥交通。 ‎ ‎③I like to make friends with anyone who is open and direct.‎ 我喜欢和任何坦诚直爽的人交朋友。‎ ‎④It’s only a small improvement but at least it’s a step in the right direction.虽然这只是一个小小的改进，但至少是朝着正确的方向迈出的一步。‎ ‎⑤Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet.‎ 老师一进来大家就安静了。‎ ‎3.When I was in hospital，my mother made a promise that she would take me to Qingdao________I was well enough to travel，which________my recovery.‎ A．direct；contributed to　　　B．directly；contributed to C．directly；attributed to　　　D．direct；attributed to 解析：　directly作连词，表示“一……就……”，direct没有此用法；contribute to有助于……。句意为：在我住院的时候，妈妈向我承诺一旦我恢复到可以出行了，就带我去青岛，这有助于我的康复。‎ 答案：　B particular adj.特殊的；特别的；挑剔的；n.细节；细目 教材原句P20：Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.孩子们尤其对他的表演报之以大笑。‎ be particular about/over sth.对……讲究，挑剔 in particular尤其，特别，格外 particularly adv.尤其，特别 ‎①I have nothing particular to do this evening，so let’s go out for a walk.今晚我没有什么特别的事要做，咱们出去散散步吧！‎ ‎②He is very particular about food while he doesn’t care about money.他对吃的东西特别挑剔，而不在乎金钱。‎ ‎③Text messages are very popular in recent years，particularly among young people.近年来手机短信大受欢迎，尤其在年轻人当中。‎ ‎4.完成句子 我们应该尊重每一个人，尤其是我们的父母和老人。‎ We should respect everyone，our parents and the elderly________________.‎ 答案：　in particular whisper vi.& vt.低语，小声说；把(秘密等)悄悄传开；n.耳语，低语 教材原句P22：Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered，“Watson，when you look at that beautiful sky，what do you think of？”夏洛克·福尔摩斯仰望着繁星，轻声问道：“华生，当你望着美丽的天空时，你想到了什么？”‎ whisper to sb.与某人耳语 in a whisper＝in whispers＝in a low voice耳语地，低声地 It is/was whispered that...据秘密传闻……‎ ‎①She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.‎ 她探过身去附耳给他说了些什么。‎ ‎②It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.‎ 有人私下说他不久于人世，他果然去世了。‎ ‎③They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers.‎ 他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。‎ ‎5.In order not to let the others hear what he said，he________the news to me.‎ A．shouted　　　 B．told C．whispered　　　 D．said 解析：　句意为：为了不让别人听见他说的话，他低声告诉了我这个消息。whisper低声说；低语，符合题意。‎ 答案：　C convince vt.使信服；使相信 教材原句P18：The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that ‎ it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted！令人心悦诚服的表演使你相信这是他吃过的最可口的饭菜了！‎ ‎①You need to convince your interviewer of your ability to master the work.你需要让你的面试官相信你有驾驭这份工作的能力。‎ ‎②His mother has been trying to convince him to see a doctor.‎ 他妈妈一直设法说服他去看医生。‎ ‎③I managed to convince them that the story was true.‎ 我设法使他们相信那故事是真的。‎ ‎④Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.‎ 科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。‎ ‎⑤There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。‎ ‎6.Scientists are convinced________the positive effect of laughter________physical and mental health.‎ A．of；at　　　 B．by；in C．of；on　　　 D．on；at 解析：　句意为：科学家们坚信笑对身心健康有积极影响。be convinced of坚信，深信，确信；effect常与on连用，意为“对……的影响”。以上两个均属于固定搭配，故选C。‎ 答案：　C badly off穷的；缺少的 教材原句P18：Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他父亲去世了，他的家境更加贫困，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ ‎①We aren’t too badly off but we can’t afford a house like that.‎ 我们并不是一文不名，但我们负担不起那样的房子。‎ ‎②The school is rather badly off for books and equipment.‎ 这所学校相当缺乏书和设备。‎ ‎③I went to her home and found her living condition was worse off than mine.我去她家一看，发现她的生活状况比我的更差。‎ ‎④If he had worked harder when young，he would be well off now.如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。‎ ‎⑤To make matters worse/What’s worse，it began to rain while we were marching.使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨。‎ ‎7.We shouldn’t complain about being poor，because many families are much_______after the big earthquake.‎ A．better off　　　 B．badly off C．well off　　　 D．worse off 解析：　由句意和句子成分分析可知，空格处应用比较级，表示“更拮据，更贫穷，境况更不好”，故选D。well off情况很好，富裕；badly ‎ off穷的，缺少的。‎ 答案：　D pick out挑出；辨别出 教材原句P18：Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.‎ 查理首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。‎ ‎①It took Mary a long time to pick out a new dress at the store.‎ 玛丽花了很长时间才从那家商店挑选了一件新衣服。‎ ‎②A competition was held to pick out the best table tennis players.为选拔出最好的乒乓球选手举行了一场比赛。‎ pick up拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；‎ 收听到；身体好转 pick up with sb.结识某人 pick and choose挑三拣四 ‎③He picked up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.他在巴黎出差时顺便学会了一些法语。‎ ‎④You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.‎ 到了海滨，你就很快地恢复健康。‎ ‎8.(2010·山东卷)Sam________some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.‎ A．brought up　　　 B．looked up C．picked up　　　 D．set up 解析：　句意为：Sam只通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养；look up抬头看，查询；pick up好转，开车接人，认出，学会；set up建造，搭起。根据句意故选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎9．—How could you________my sister so easily in the crowd?‎ ‎—Because she stood out in her bright red dress.‎ A．pick up　　　B．pick out C．take up　　　D．take out 解析：　句意为：“在人群中你怎么那么容易认出我妹妹来的？”“因为她穿着鲜艳的红裙子，十分显眼。”pick out认出，挑出，符合句意。pick up拣出；take up从事，学习；take out拿出，均不符合题意。‎ 答案：　B Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off，so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.‎ 不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家庭状况更糟了，因此查理的童年是在照顾生病的母亲和弟弟中度过的。‎ ‎①His parents died，leaving him an orphan.‎ 他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。‎ ‎②The child fell，striking his head against the door.‎ 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。‎ ‎③European football is played in 80 countries，making it the most ‎ popular sport in the world.‎ 八十个国家踢欧式足球，使它成为世界上最流行的运动。‎ 现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”，而不定式作结果状语常表出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎④He hurried to the bus stop，only to find the bus had left.‎ 他匆匆地去了车站，结果发现车已离开。‎ ‎⑤Her father disappeared，never to be heard from again.‎ 她的父亲离家出走，从此杳无音讯。‎ ‎10.(2010·重庆卷)The news shocked the public，________to great concern about students’ safety at school.‎ A．having led　　　 B．led C．leading　　　 D．to lead 解析：　句意为：这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊，引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。首先排除B和D两项；having done指动作先于谓语动词发生，在此不符合语境，故只能选择C。‎ 答案：　C By his teens，Charlie had，through his humour，become one of the most popular child actors in England.在十多岁的时候，凭借着自己的幽默，查理已经在英国成为最受欢迎的童星之一。‎ by在加时间点引导的时间状语句子中，表示“到……为止，到……底”时，句子经常用完成时态。 ‎ ‎①By 2010 the population of our city will have risen to over 20 million.到2010年，我们城市的人口将超过两千万。‎ ‎②By this time of next year，all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时刻，你们大家就都成为大学生了。‎ ‎11.(山东高考)By the time he realizes he________into a trap，it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.‎ A．walks　　　 B．walked C．has walked　　　 D．had walked 解析：　句意为：到他认识到已经中计的时候，再做任何事情也就无济于事了。根据句意，可知本句讲的是现在的事情，故用现在时，排除B、D两项，本句强调“已经中计”，用完成时，故答案为C。‎ 答案：　C Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．__________________，Xu Jinglei has starred in a great number of famous films.‎ 答案：　Up to now ‎2．What worries us is that this is the third time the electricity has been__________________this week.‎ 答案：　cut off cut off；badly off；content with；pick out；be caught in；at times；up to now；in a mess ‎3．It’s very difficult to__________________the best composition，since they’re all so good.‎ 答案：　pick out ‎4．He__________________a heavy traffic jam and arrived late for the job interview.‎ 答案：　was caught in ‎5．You shouldn’t complain so much.Other people are much__________________than you.‎ 答案：　worse off ‎6．Not__________________his present job，he has been busy hunting for a new one.‎ 答案：　content with ‎7．Peter can be really difficult__________________even though he’s a nice person in general.‎ 答案：　at times ‎8．Tom is very untidy；he always leaves his room________________.‎ 答案：　in a mess Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1. (福建高考)What’s the________of having a public open space where you can’t eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?‎ A．sense　　　　　　　　　　　 B．matter C．case　　　 D．opinion 解析：　句意为：在这样一个公共场所，你不可以吃、喝，甚至不可以走动，你会有什么样的感觉？sense感觉；matter问题；case情况，状况；opinion观点。根据题意选A。‎ 答案：　A ‎2．I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good________of direction.‎ A．idea　　　 B．feeling C．experience　　　 D．sense 解析：　have a sense of...有……的感觉，该句意为“我敢肯定戴维能找到图书馆，他有很好的方向感”。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．No matter how I tried to read it，I just couldn’t make______of this sentence.‎ A．meaning　　　 B．thought C．sense　　　 D．idea 解析：　make sense of理解，明白。句意为“不管我怎么努力读，可就是不明白这个句子的意思”。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．My aunt always loses her way when she is out by herself，because she has no________of direction.‎ A．sense　　　 B．feeling C．touch　　　 D．scene 解析：　have no sense of direction是习惯用法，指没有方向感。sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste/touch视/听/嗅/味/触觉。‎ 答案：　A Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——v.ing作表语、宾语和宾语补足语 ‎1．(2011·东城检测)The driver braked hard to avoid________a child coming in his way.‎ A．hit　　　 B．to hit C．hitting　　　 D．to have hit 解析：　考查非谓语动词。此处谓语动词avoid后面要跟动名词作宾语，类似的动词与词组有enjoy，suggest，imagine，consider，dislike，risk，insist on，get used to，can’t help等，据此选C项。‎ 答案：　C ‎2．(2011·陕西教学检测)It looks like my cousin，but I don’t remember him________a pair of glasses.‎ A．to wear　　　 B．wore C．wear　　　 D．wearing 解析：　考查非谓语动词。wear和其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故这里用现在分词作宾语补足语。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．(2010·湖南卷)Listen！Do you hear someone________for help?‎ A．calling　　　B．call C．to call　　　D．called 解析：　句意为：听！你听到有人正在求救吗？本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除D项；不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行，故排除C项；因为表示动作正在进行，故排除B项；现在分词calling 表主动且表正在进行，故为答案。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．(2010·南昌二模)The plan to be carried out next month needs________among the members of the labor union before________.‎ A．to discuss；carrying out　　　‎ B．to be discussed；carried out C．discussing；being carried out　　　‎ D．discussed；to be carried out 解析：　考查非谓语动词。need表示“需要”，主语是物时，其后可以接动词的ing形式，此时用主动形式表示被动含义；第二空前的before在此是介词，其后接名词或动名词，故答案为C。‎ 答案：　C ‎5. (2011·成都第一次诊断)At the airport，a man dressed in a black suit was caught________on the clean floor.‎ A．spit　　　B．spitting C．spat　　　D．to spit 解析：　现在分词作主语补足语。catch sb.doing sth.意为“发现某人正在做某事”。‎ 答案：　B