高中英语人教版必修2测试：Unit3 Section Ⅰ　

高中英语人教版必修2测试：Unit3 Section Ⅰ　

www.ks5u.com Unit 3　Computers Section Ⅰ　Warming Up, Prereading, Reading and Comprehending 分类记单词 核心单词 ‎1.sum n．　　　　　总数；算术题；金额 ‎2．anyhow adv. 无论如何； 即使如此 ‎3．revolution n. 革命 ‎4．reality n. 真实；事实；现实 ‎5．operator n. (电脑)操作员；接线员 ‎6．goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分 拓展单词 ‎1. simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的 ‎2．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地→logic n．逻辑 ‎3．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的 ‎4．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的 ‎5．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自 ‎6．solve vt.解决；解答→solution n．方法 ‎7．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．应用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者 ‎8．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的 ‎9．explore vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究→explorer n．探险家；勘探者→exploration n．探索 ‎10．happiness n. 幸福，快乐→ happy adj.幸福的，快乐的 阅读单词 ‎1.calculate vt.　　　　 计算 ‎ ‎2．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 ‎ ‎3．artificial adj. 人造的；假的 ‎ ‎4．network n. 网络；网状物 ‎ ‎5．mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的 ‎ ‎6．rocket n. 火箭 ‎ ‎7．Mars n. 火星 ‎ 联想背短语 ‎1.from..._on 　　　　　　　　从……时起 ‎2．as_a_result 结果 ‎3．so..._that... 如此……以至于……‎ ‎4．since_the_1970s 自20世纪70年代以来 ‎5．have_sth._in_common 有共同之处 ‎6．provide_sb._with_sth. 为某人提供某物 ‎7．a_devoted_friend 一位忠诚的朋友 ‎8．share_sth._with_sb. 与某人分享某事 精彩写句式 ‎1.It＋be/takes ＋ 一段时间＋before...多久之后才……‎ I developed very slowly and it_took_nearly_two_hundred_years_before (大约200年之后才) I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.‎ ‎2．by意为“到……时候”，谓语动词常用完成时 By the 1940s I had_grown_as_large_as_a_room (我已经长得像一间屋子那么大), and I wondered if I would grow any larger.‎ ‎3．as 引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”‎ ‎ As_time_went_by (随着时间的推移)，I was made smaller.‎ ‎4．be to do sth.动词不定式作表语 Anyhow, my goal is_to_provide_humans_with_a_life_of_high_quality (是为人类提供高质量的生活)．‎ 重点单词突破 ‎1.calculate vt.计算；估算；计划 单句语法填空 ‎(1)The advertisements are calculated to_attract (attract) young consumers.‎ ‎(2)We are calculating on an early start.‎ ‎2．solve vt.解决；解答 单句语法填空 ‎(1)It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.‎ ‎(2)With all problems solved (solve), I went to see a film with my friends.‎ 高考小作文 ‎[北京卷书面表达]为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友决心要给学校写点建议。‎ ‎ In_order_to_solve_the_problem,_I, together with my friends, am determined to write some suggestions to our school.‎ ‎3．reality n．[U]现实；真实；[C]事实；实际经历；见过的事物 单句语法填空 ‎(1)His dream of becoming an athlete to take part in the Olympics has become a reality (real)．‎ ‎(2)He was sure that all his plans would be realized (realize)．‎ 单句写作 年轻时我们应该努力工作把“中国梦”变为现实。‎ We ought to work hard to turn_Chinese_dream_into_a_reality when we are young.‎ ‎4．totally adv.完全地；整个地 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Although they come from totally_ (total) different cultures, they get along well with each other. ‎ ‎(2)In total, the salesman charged me 5,000 yuan for the computer.‎ ‎5．application n．应用；用途；申请 单句语法填空 You will do it quite well only if you apply yourself (you) to it. ‎ 一句多译 他已向那家公司申请一份工作。‎ ‎(1)He has applied to the company for a job.‎ ‎(2)He has made an application (apply) to the company for a job.‎ ‎6．explore vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究 单句语法填空 ‎(1)They set up a scientific organization to_explore (explore) the unknown world.‎ ‎(2)Space exploration (explore) is often seen as an expensive adventure, with little return to the economy.‎ ‎7．anyhow adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此；反正；而且；尽管 单句写作 ‎(1)我不想出去，而且天又在下雨。‎ I don't want to go out and anyhow it is raining. ‎ ‎(2)我们恐怕去不了了，不过还是感谢你的邀请。‎ I am afraid we can't come, but thanks for your invitation anyhow.‎ 短语句式突破 ‎1.have...in common有共同点；共享……‎ 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Though they are twins they have nothing in common with each other.‎ ‎(2)In common with many young people, he prefers pop music to classical music.‎ ‎2．from...on... 从……时起 单句语法填空 From that day on,_the ending of the missing Amber Room remains a mystery.‎ 一句多译 他的妻子在2008年去世了，从那时起他一直一个人生活。‎ ‎(1)His wife died in 2008 and from then on he lived alone. ‎ ‎(2)His wife died in 2008 and since then he has_lived_ alone.‎ ‎3．as a result结果；因此 一句多译 由于条件太差，工人们离开了。‎ ‎(1)The conditions are poor; as_a_result,_the workers left.‎ ‎(2)The workers left as a result of the poor conditions.‎ ‎4．句型公式：It takes＋时间段＋before＋从句．..表示“过了多久才……”‎ ‎(教材P18)I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.‎ 我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。‎ 单句写作 如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。‎ If you miss this chance, it_may_be_years_before you get another one.‎ ‎5．句型公式：as意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句 ‎(教材P18)As time went by, I was made smaller.‎ 随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎(1)Try as she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.‎ ‎(2)This experiment is very simple, as indeed it is.‎ 一句多译 随着春天的到来，万物复苏。‎ ‎(1)As spring comes (come), everything comes to life. ‎ ‎(2)With spring coming (come), everything comes to life.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/单句语法填空 ‎1．I'm trying to calculate (计算) how much paint we need.‎ ‎2．You don't have to be a(n) rocket (火箭) scientist to do this job.‎ ‎3．In January, Mr Sururi started a(n) mobile (可移动的) library called Kudapustaka.‎ ‎4．Most people look better under artificial light than in bright sunlight.‎ ‎5．Our goal is for the country to be fully independent within two years.‎ ‎6．What this country needs is a longterm policy for investment in science and technology.‎ ‎7．He's studying international banking and finance.‎ ‎8．Food, like sports, is a subject of almost universal (普遍的) interest.‎ ‎9．We have totally (total) different backgrounds.‎ ‎10．He escaped from reality (real) by going to the cinema every afternoon.‎ ‎11．Personally (personal), I think the show is going to be a great success.‎ ‎12．It was only later in life that she found happiness (happy) and peace of mind.‎ ‎13．He tried to simplify (simple) the story for the younger audience.‎ ‎14．I was surprised that a tenyearold boy was able to argue so clearly and logically (logical)．‎ ‎15．Have you filled in the application (apply) form for your passport yet?‎ ‎16．He dialed the operator (operate) and put in a call for Rome.‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 A You may not know the name Charles O'Rear, but if you've used a computer in the past ten years, you're familiar with his photo.‎ O'Rear is the man behind the picture of a green hill and bright blue sky that served as the ‎ background for Microsoft's Windows XP operating (操作) system.‎ In the 1990s, because of the spread of a pest (害虫), endless rows of grapevines in Napa Valley disappeared. Instead, the ground was covered with thicklygrowing grass.‎ It was this picture of Sonoma County that passed by Charles O'Rear's car window as he drove down Highway 121 in 1998. Although he was a photographer, O'Rear wasn't doing his job that Friday afternoon. Instead, he was headed to visit his thengirlfriend (nowwife) near San Francisco.‎ But he still had one eye on the green hills. And then, he saw it. “Wow！” he thought. “The grass is perfect! It's green! The sun is out; there are some clouds.”‎ So he stopped his car, pulled out his camera, and took a few photos. Those perfect greens and pure blues were totally unedited (未编辑的) when O'Rear posted them on Corbis, a site created by Bill Gates. A few years later, O'Rear got a call from Microsoft asking to use his photo of Sonoma County as the background for its newest operating system.‎ The company never told O'Rear exactly why they chose his photograph. “Were they looking for a picture that was peaceful？” he wondered. But artists Goldin and Senneby, who spent months researching the photograph, said that Microsoft “wanted a picture with ‘more grounding’ than the pictures of skies they had used in Windows 95.”‎ O'Rear agreed to sell Microsoft all the rights to his photograph. But Microsoft had valued the photo so highly that none of the shipping companies could cover the insurance. In the end, O'Rear boarded a plane to deliver (递送) the photo himself.‎ Microsoft named it “Bliss”， and, since Windows XP met the public in 2001, it's been seen by at least a billion people.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了微软公司Windows XP操作系统所使用的经典桌面背景图片背后的故事。‎ ‎1．O'Rear took “Bliss” ________.‎ A．on a business trip to San Francisco B．on a trip to visit his thengirlfriend C．when he was on holiday with his wife D．when he was looking for beautiful hills 答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由第四段中的“he was headed to visit his thengirlfriend (nowwife) near San Francisco”以及第六段中的“he stopped his car, pulled out his camera, and took a few photos”可知，他在去找当时的女友的途中，被窗外的美景吸引，于是停车拍下了一些照片，Bliss就是其中之一。‎ ‎2．According to Goldin and Senneby, why did Microsoft choose O'Rear's photo?‎ A．The picture was peaceful.‎ B．The picture was of high value.‎ C．There was more grounding in this picture.‎ D．The green grass fit perfectly with the blue sky.‎ 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“artists Goldin and Senneby... ‘more grounding’ than the pictures of skies they had used in Windows 95”可知，Goldin和Senneby认为微软公司想要寻找一张地面部分相比先前使用的天空图多的图片，因此选择了O'Rear的照片。‎ ‎3．How was the photo sent to Microsoft?‎ A．O'Rear carried it all the way there.‎ B．It was sent by an insurance company.‎ C．It was delivered by a shipping company.‎ D．Microsoft sent a plane to get it from O'Rear's home.‎ 答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“O'Rear boarded a plane to deliver the photo himself”可知，O'Rear乘坐飞机亲自将照片送到了微软公司。‎ ‎4．What can we learn about “Bliss” from the text?‎ A．It has been used for about 30 years.‎ B．It was edited before being sent to Microsoft.‎ C．The green ground in it used to be covered with grapevines.‎ D．More and more people choose it as their desktop backgrounds.‎ 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第三段可知，二十世纪九十年代时，Napa山谷曾经遍布葡萄藤，但因为遭受虫灾，葡萄藤消失，取而代之的是茂密的草场。‎ B ‎[2019·江西九江一中高一期末]‎ You often can choose a private setting when you browse (浏览) the Internet. But be forewarned: It may not afford nearly as much privacy as you expect. That's the finding of a new study.‎ Major web browsers, such as Google's Chrome and Apple's Safari, often a privatebrowsing option. It's sometimes referred to as “incognito.” This option lets you surf the Internet browser and saves a record into its history of each page that you visited. And what sites you visit won't affect the suggestions your browser makes the next time you're filling out an online form.‎ Many people believe — incorrectly — that the incognito setting protects them more broadly. Most believe it even after reading a web browser's explanation of the incognito mode.‎ For instance, a new study had 460 people read web browsers' descriptions of private browsing. Each person read one of 13 descriptions. Then the participants answered questions about how private they thought their browsing would be while using this tool. The volunteers didn't understand the incognito mode.This was true no matter which browser explanation they had read. The researchers reported their findings on April 26 at the 2018 World Wide Web Conference in Lyon, France.‎ More than half of the volunteers thought that if they logged into a Google account through a private window, Google wouldn't keep a record of their search history. Not true. And about one in every four participants thought private browsing hid their device's IP address. That's wrong, too.‎ Blase Ur was one of the study's authors. He's an expert in computer security and privacy in Illinois at the University of Chicago. Companies could clear up this confusion by giving better explanations of the incognito mode, his team says. For example, the browsers should avoid vague (模糊). The web browser Opera, for instance, promises users that “your secrets are safe.” Nope Firefox encourages users to “browse like no one's watching.” In fact, someone might be. (If you'd like to know more about the research information, please click here.)‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了当浏览互联网时，经常可以选择一个私人设置。但它可能没有想象的那么保护人们的隐私。‎ ‎5．The researchers did the study with the aim of ________.‎ A．checking the safety of browsers of leading companies B．finding users' knowledge about private browsing policy C．tracking young web users' browsing habits D．testing a new tool to judge the Internet 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由第四段“Then the participants answered questions about how private they thought their browsing would be while using this tool. The volunteers didn't understand the incognito mode. This was true no matter which browser explanation they had read.”可知，然后，参与者回答了关于他们在使用这个工具时认为自己的浏览会有多私密的问题。志愿者们不明白匿名模式。不管他们读过哪个浏览器的解释，解释都是真的。故判断出研究人员进行这项研究的目的是发现用户对私人浏览策略的了解。故B选项正确。‎ ‎6．The “incognito” mode is believed to be able to ________.‎ A．record one's passwords B．give a warning of insecure links C．help hide one's past browsing history D．access one's favorite websites quickly 答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由第二段“This option lets you surf the Internet browser and saves a record into its history of each page that you visited.”以及第三段“Many people believe — incorrectly — that the incognito setting protects them more broadly.”可知，此选项允许您浏览Internet浏览器，并将记录保存到您访问的每个页面的历史记录中。许多人错误地认为，“匿名”模式更广泛地保护他们的隐私。所以判断出“隐姓埋名”模式被人们认为能够帮助隐藏过去的浏览历史。 故C选项正确。‎ ‎7．Where is the article probably from ________.‎ A．a text book　　　　　　　B．a newspaper C．a magazine D．the Internet 答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由最后段“If you'd like to know more about the research information, please click here”可知，如果你想了解更多关于研究的信息，请点击这里。所以判断出这篇文章最可能来源于因特网。故D选项正确。‎ ‎8．The last paragraph is written to ________.‎ A．report a new finding B．put forward a suggestion C．introduce a web browser D．correct a misunderstanding 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由最后段“Companies could clear up this confusion by giving better explanations of the incognito mode, his team says. For example, the browsers should avoid vague(模糊)．The web browser Opera, for instance, promises users that “your secrets are safe.” Nope Firefox encourages users to “browse like no one's watching”可知，他的团队说，公司可以通过更好地解释匿名模式来澄清这种混乱。例如，浏览器应该避免模糊。例如，网络浏览器Opera向用户承诺“你的秘密是安全的”。Nope Firefox鼓励用户“像没人看的那样浏览”。所以判断出最后一段的目的就是为了提出建议。故B选项正确。‎ Ⅲ.七选五 ‎[2019·河北“五个一名校联盟”高一摸底考试]‎ The correct way to brush your teeth is to use short, gentle strokes on the teeth, You should pay special attention to the gum (牙龈) line. __1__‎ Pick the right toothbrush Most dentists say that a softupraised toothbrush with a small head is best for removing dirt and rubbish while getting into those hardtoreach places. __2__ They have limited skills in their hands and thus they can do a better job at cleaning teeth.‎ Pick the right toothpaste ‎__3__ And some are tailored (特定需要) specifically for dental issues such as sensitivity, dirt, holes or gingivitis (齿龈炎). Each person's mouth is different, and it is advisable to talk to your dentist about what toothpaste is best for you.‎ ‎__4__‎ Hold your brush at a 45 degree angle, and use short, circular cleans or back and forth movements on your teeth. Brush the gum line in a pattern that pushes rubbish away from it. __5__ Make sure that all chewing surfaces are clean, and brush the surface of the tongue too.‎ A．Clean the teeth.‎ B．Pick a doubleduty toothpaste.‎ C．There are many types of toothpaste.‎ D．However, this step often gets ignored.‎ E．An electric toothbrush is best for those.‎ F．Here are some basic ideas to help you clean your teeth well.‎ G．Gently brush the inside and outside of each tooth using this motion (动作)．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。正确的刷牙方法是用短而柔和的牙刷刷牙齿，你应该特别注意牙龈线。文章介绍了一些帮助你清洁牙齿的基本方法。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：F　上文提示“正确的刷牙方法是用短而柔和的牙刷刷牙齿，你应该特别注意牙龈线。”承接上文，F项Here are some basic ideas to help you clean your teeth well(下面是一些帮助你清洁牙齿的基本方法)切题。故选F。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：E　上文提示“大多数牙医说，软头牙刷是最好的清除污垢和垃圾的工具，同时进入那些难以触及的地方。”承接上文，E项An electric toothbrush is best for those.(电动牙刷是最好的选择)切题。故选E。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：C　下文提示“有些是专门为牙齿问题，如敏感性，污垢，洞或齿龈炎量身定做的”承接下文，C项There are many types of toothpaste.(牙膏有很多种)切题。该项中的many types与some相吻合。故选C。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：A　此空是一个小标题，用短小精悍的祈使句，应该在A/B中选择。下文提示“将牙刷握成45度角，用短而圆的牙刷清洁牙齿或前后移动牙刷”由此推知，A项 Clean ‎ the teeth(刷牙)切题。故选A。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：G　上文提示“刷牙龈线的时候要有一定的模式，这样可以把垃圾赶走”承接上文，G项 Gently brush the inside and outside of each tooth using this motion (动作)(用这个动作轻轻地刷每颗牙齿的内外)切题。故选G。‎