2020届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（9）

2020届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（9）

‎2020届二轮复习阅读理解专项训练（9）‎ 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1‎ In agreement with the Agenda of the First Global Employment of Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic，the applicants from Hong Kong，Macao，Taiwan and overseas who have passed the first qualification review will take a written examination．Below lists the relevant information：‎ ‎1．Date & Time April 15th，2017 （Saturday），9：00-12：30．‎ The applicants are required to enter the examination room before 8：30 am．‎ ‎2．Location No.23 BaiduizijiaHaidian district，Beijing （Capital Normal University Dongyi Zone） ‎ Exam Site No.6； Exam Room：C206 ‎ ‎3．Notice ‎（1）All applicants who have passed the first qualification review please log on Personal application center of the recruitment page （http://recruit．beijing2022．cn）to download and print the admission ticket from April 7th-15th 2017．‎ ‎（2）All candidates shall bring the admission tickets and valid IDs （Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents，Mainland travel permit for Taiwan residents，Foreign passport and etc．）‎ ‎（3）Please prepare one's own writing materials including 2B pencil，eraser and black/blue pen．‎ ‎（4）The candidates will not be allowed to enter the examination room if late for 30 mins，and will be also prohibited to leave within 60 mins since the entering into the room or 15 mins earlier than the deadline．‎ Kind reminder：Due to the heavy traffic near the exam location，parking space will be so limited that all candidates should take public transport．‎ ‎4．Transport Route ‎（1）Subway：No.9 subway toBaiduizistation exit A，50 meters to North．‎ ‎（2）Bus：No.61/92 bus to Shouti South Road South Gate station，and 3 minutes’walk to the destination．‎ Kind reminder：Capital Normal University Dongyi Zone is not located in the main campus of Capital Normal University，please plan your route properly．‎ Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games April 7，2017‎ ‎ 56．Which of the following statements is TRUE？‎ A．Applicants who arrive after 8：30 cannotenter the examination room．‎ B．The admission tickets and valid IDs are required for the examination．‎ C．The Exam Site lies in the main campus of Capital Normal University．‎ D．There is nothing to worry about for applicants who drive to the location．‎ ‎57．The purpose of this passage is to A．employ organizers for the Committee B．promote Beijing Organizing Committee C．give candidates information about the written exam D．encourage more applicants to take the written exam．‎ ‎【答案】56-70 BC ‎ ‎2‎ In the time of weak job and housing markers. Consumers are saving less than they have in decades and industry professionals expect that trend to continue. Consumers saved 6.4 percent of their after-tax income in June. Before the recession, the rate was 1 to 2 percent for many years. In June, consumer spending and personal incomes were essentially flat compared with May, suggesting that the American economy, as dependent as it is on shoppers opening their wallets and purses, isn‘t likely to rebound anytime soon.‎ ‎ On the bright side, the practices that consumers have adopted in response to the economic crisis ultimately could make them happier. New studies of consumption and happiness show, for instance, that people are happier when they spend money on experiences instead of material objects, when they relish what they plan to buy long before they buy it, and when they stop trying to outdo the Joneses. ‎ If consumers end up sticking with their newfound spending habits, some tactics (策略) that retailers and marketers began using during the recession could become lasting business strategies. Among those strategies are offering goods that makes being at home more entertaining and trying to make consumers feel special by giving them access to exclusive events and more personal customer service. ‎ While the current round of stinginess may simply be a response to the economic downturn, some analysts say consumers may also be permanently adjusting their spending based on what they‘ve discovered about what truly makes them happy or fulfilled. ‎ ‎―This actually is a topic that hasn‘t been researched very much until recently,‖ says Elizabeth W. Dunn, an associate professor in the psychology department at the University of British Columbia, who is at the forefront of research on consumption and happiness. ―There‘s massive literature on income and happiness. It‘s amazing how little there is on how to spend your money.‎ Studies over the last few decades have shown that money, up to a certain point, makes people ‎ happier because it lets them meet basic needs. The latest round of research is, for lack of a better term, all about emotional efficiency: how to reap the most happiness for your dollar.‎ ‎ So just where does happiness reside for consumers? Scholars and researchers haven‘t determined whether Armani will put a bigger smile on your face than Dolce & Gabbana. But they have found that our types of purchases, their size and frequency, and even the timing of the spending all affect long-term happiness. ‎ One major finding is that spending money for an experience — concert tickets, French lessons, sushi-rolling classes, a hotel room in Monaco — produces longer-lasting satisfaction than spending money on plain old stuff.‎ ‎ ―‗It‘s better to go on a vacation than buy a new couch‘ is basically the idea,‖ says Professor Dunn. ‎ Thomas DeLeire, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin discovered that the only category to be positively related to happiness was leisure: vacations, entertainment, sports and equipment like golf clubs and fishing poles.‎ ‎58. What‘s the dark side of American consumers‘ saving more and spending less?‎ A) The job and housing markets will become even weaker.‎ B) There is little hope that the American economy will recover soon.‎ C) More and more retailers and marketers will have to go bankrupt.‎ D) It‘s possible that the American economy will rebound sooner.‎ ‎59. What will happen if customers keep their spending habits formed in the economic downturn?‎ A) They will get goods and services much cheaper.‎ B) It‘s likely that they spend more time indoors.‎ C) Retailers will change their business strategies.‎ D) They will enjoy better services and experiences.‎ ‎60. What surprises Elizabeth W. Dunn according to the passage?‎ A) There is little about how to spend money to make people happy.‎ B) Consumers unconsciously adjust their spending habits to be happy.‎ C) People started researches on consumption-happiness relationship so early.‎ D) Happiness is proved to have nothing to do with consumption.‎ ‎61. Scholars such as Prof. Dunn and Prof. DeLeire agree that A) richer people feel happier and more satisfied B) most consumers prefer leading brands like Armani C) spending on vacations brings long-term happiness D) people should curb their spending on material thing ‎ ‎【答案】BDAC ‎ ‎3‎ Remittance (汇款）increase living standards in the country of origin. Remittances m a large share of the GDP of many developing countries. A study on remittances to Mexico found that ‎ remittances lead to a considerable increase in the availability of public services in Mexico, surpassing government spending in some localities.‎ ‎ Research finds that emigration and low migration barriers have net positive effects on human capital formation in the sending countries. This means that there is a" brain gain" instead of a” brain drain to emigration.‎ ‎ One study finds that sending Countries benefit indirectly in the long run from the emigration of skilled workers because those skilled workers are able to innovate more in developed countries,‎ which the sending countries are able to benefit as a positive externality. Greater emigration of skilled workers consequently leads to greater economic growth and welfare improvements in the long run.‎ ‎ Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive impact on political institutions and democratization in the country of origin. Research also shows that remittances can lower the risk of civil war in the country of origin. Return migration from countries with liberal gender norms has been associated with the transfer of liberal gender norms to the home country.‎ ‎ Research suggests that emigration causes an increase in the wages of those who remain in the country of origin. A 2014 survey of the existing literature on migration finds that a 10 percent emigrant supply shock would increase wages in the sending country by 2 % — 5.5 %. A study of emigration from Poland shows that it led to a slight increase in wages for high-and medium-skilled workers for remaining Poles. A 2013 study finds that emigration from Eastern Europe after the 2004 EU enlargement increased the wages of remaining young workers in the country of origin by 6%, while it had no effect on the wages of old workers. The wages of Lithuanian men increased as a result of post-EU enlargement emigration. Return migration is associated with greater household firm revenues (收入）.‎ ‎ Some research shows that the remittance effect is not strong enough to make the remaining natives in countries with high emigration flows better off.‎ ‎ It has been argued that high-skill emigration causes labor shortages in the country of origin. This remains unsupported in the academic literature though. According to economist Michael Clemens, it has not been shown that restrictions on high-skill emigration reduce shortages in the countries of origin.‎ ‎62. This passage mainly tells us that _________.‎ A.people's living standards in the receiving countries have been greatly improved ‎ B.emigration has both advantages and disadvantages to the sending countries C. the reasons behind economic growth in the sending countries D. the effect of migration on the sending countries ‎63. From the first three paragraphs, we know that _________.‎ A. the emigration of skilled workers brings economic growth to developed countries B. emigration means a kind of”brain gain" rather than“brain drain”‎ C. the government in Mexico should spend more on public services D. highly qualified workers are bound to return to their home country ‎64. The examples in Paragraph 5 show that _________.‎ A. return migration makes the natives better off B.a wage increase is associated with economic growth C. enlargement brings welfare to all Europeans D. emigration leads to a salary increase for remaining natives ‎65. According to the passage, what can we know about the country of origin?‎ A.The negative effects of high-skill emigration have shown up.‎ B. Remittances have 狂 good effect on maintaining social stability,‎ C. High migration barriers can reduce shortages of skilled workers.‎ D.High-skill emigration may cause economic fall within a short time.‎ ‎【答案】DBAB ‎ ‎4‎ ‎ This year arrives amid a few interesting trends. More Americans are interested in local and sustainable foods: urban farming, chicken-raising. And more Americans are hunting, spending increasing time and money on that pursuit,‎ ‎ Viewed from the right angle, though, both these trends could have a place at the holiday table. What would happen if more Americans made Thursday's (Thanksgiving Day) meal out of wild turkeys? What if more people enjoyed a wild Christmas goose, or wild pig ham? If more did, the results might be better for the environment, for our health—and perhaps for our souls as well.‎ ‎ Americans’ growing interest in local food is evident everywhere. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the number of farmers markets rose from 1,755 in 1994 to 8,144 this year. Cities from Ann Arbor, Michigan, to Gainesville Florida, have eased restrictions on backyard chickens，Some “locavores” are content to get community-supported agricultural produce delivered, and buy grass-fed beef. But for a growing number, hunting is the next step. The meat is local and avoids the ethical complications of factory farms.‎ ‎ Hunting has definitely enjoyed a resurgence. Census statistics show that the percentage of Americans who hunt —which had been falling for decades-is back up at a 20-year high.‎ Hank Shaw, author of the new wild bird cookbook Duck, Duck, Goose, and owner of the James Beard Award-winning website Hunter Angler Gardener Cook, calls it The Omnivore's Dilemma effect. After reading Michael Pollan's best-selling book on where food comes frori^ many people join a community-supported agriculture group, but some get a hunting license, too.‎ ‎ “I can't tell you how many people I talk to who view hunting as a part of a larger, personal goal of sustainable eating,” Shaw says.‎ ‎ Of course, characterizing hunting this way blurs many lines. To some, shooting animals cannot possibly be an environmentally friendly activity. The existence of “hipster hunters” is also limited by cultural attitudes toward guns. It's almost impossible to legally own a hunting weapon ‎ in Brooklyn. But hunting wild animals requires the preservation of wild land —certainly an environmental plus 一— and if you're going to eat meat, hunting has a lot going for it that industrial farms do not The animal lived a free and natural life, up to its last day.‎ ‎ Add to this the fact that some game populations have grown unnaturally large due to the lack of predators(食肉动物).The East Coast is filled with white-tailed deer. Geese take up residence on golf courses, and wild pigs wander through the woods. In his 2012 book Nature Wars journalist Jim Sterbaargued that more humans live in closer contact with wild animals than at my point in history. Hunting can keep a check on that.‎ ‎ Hunting can keep a check on our appetites too, Susan Cameron Devitt, a biologist who recently moved from Florida to Texas, notes that one of the things you learn quickly from hunting is how much labor goes into producing a meal. ” If you buy meat at the grocery store, you can eat three servings a day, but if you imagine trying to keep that up with hunting, it just wouldn't be possible,” she says.‎ ‎ Which brings us back to holiday tables? In the original version of Thanksgiving and Christmas, these were special meals, based around dishes you wouldn’t eat frequently. These days, you can buy turkey whenever. A wild turkey, caught and then cooked, is a different matter. A speckle-belly goose elevates the Christmas dinner in a way a regular supermarket ham does not.‎ ‎ When you know where your food comes from, when you've labored to bring it to your table, you more naturally feel grateful for the amazing abundance of this planet.”There's no better way to engage with nature than to seek dinner within it”says Shaw.‎ ‎66. What can we learn about the trends?‎ A. Few people regard hunting as a part of a personal goal of sustainable eating.‎ B. Hunting in the USA is consistent with the cultural attitude to guns.‎ C.The media play a part in promoting the popularity of hunting.‎ D.Hunting is likely to replace industrial farms ‎67. The underlined phrase “game populations” in paragraph 8 refers to ‎ A. the number of hunters B. the number of wild animals and birds C. animals and birds caught through hunting D. campaigns to ban the hunting of wild animals and birds ‎68. The underlined part in Paragraph 9 implies ‎ A. some hunters do not have the desire to eat meat from industrial farms B. hunting provides hunters with three servings a day C. some hunters do not have a healthy appetite D. hunting helps hunters control their appetite ‎69. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?‎ A. In the past, people ate turkeys only on Thanksgiving Day.‎ B. Supermarket turkeys will not be accepted by people any more.‎ C. Wild turkeys are more delicious than those bought from grocery stores.‎ D. Wild turkeys help bring back the festive atmosphere of Thanksgiving Day.‎ ‎70. According to the last paragraph, hunting is beneficial for A. our mental health B.our physical fitness C.the environment D.farmers’ markets ‎【答案】CBDDA ‎5‎ Gets Into the Spirit Ryan Reynolds’ résumé just got longer. Spirits just got longer. Spirits importer Davos Brands announced February 21 that the actor has decided to invest in their Aviation Gin. After taking just one sip, the 41-year-old says, “I knew I wanted to get involved with the company.” The dad of two adds his name to the growing list of celebrities who’ve taken risks into the liquor business, including Justin Timberlake, Matthew McConaughey and George Clooney. Adds the Deadpool star, “I couldn’t be prouder to be a part of the company.”‎ Expanding Her Empire First came the 8-carat sparkler from Migos rapper Offset, 26. Soon after, Cardi B got a second huge shock. “She’s definitely pregnant,” reveals one insider. Adds another source of the “Bodak Yellow” rapper, said to be more than three months along, “She was really surprised.”‎ Though the two-time Grammy nominee (a person who has been formally suggested) has denied she’s expecting (she told one fan she’s “just getting fat”), sources says she’s already making adjustments to her packed schedule. “She was supposed to go on a small tour with Bruno Mars,” says the insider, but now that trip is in question. But the 25-year-old is unbothered, says the source:‎ ‎“She’s head over heels for Offset and can’t wait to have their baby.”‎ Paradise Found Introducing Bachelor Nation’s newest member!‎ On February 15, Bachelor in Paradise alumni Carly Waddell and Evan Bass began a new chapter of their amazing journey. After what 35-year-old Bass — father of boys Ensley, Nathan and Liam from a previous marriage — called a “supersmooth pregnancy,” his wife of nearly nine months welcomed their first child, Isabella Evelyn. “Everyone is healthy and happy,” he said. And prepared for their new roles: Even before the 32-year-old’s pregnancy, Bass was convinced she’d be an outstanding mom. She’s “on the sidelines at every soccer game,” he added. “The boys really love her.”‎ ‎56. What has Cardi B denied?‎ A. She has denied a coming tour. B. She has denied being pregnant.‎ C. She has denied her getting fat. D. She has denied getting divorced.‎ ‎57. How many sons does Bass probably have NOW?‎ A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.‎ ‎【答案】56. B 57. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了有关Ryan Reynolds，Cardi B及Carly Waddell and Evan Bass的最近动态。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据本则新闻中Expanding Her Empire部分中的“She’s definitely pregnant,” reveals one insider.(“她肯定怀孕了，”一位内部人士透露)和Though the two-time Grammy nominee (a person who has been formally suggested) has denied she’s expecting (she told one fan she’s “just getting fat”)可知，尽管这位两届格莱美奖提名者(已经被正式提名的人)否认她怀孕了（告诉一位粉丝她“只是变胖了”）。由此可知，Cardi B否认自己已经怀孕了。故选B项。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据本则新闻中Paradise Found部分中的After what 35-year-old Bass — father of boys Ensley, Nathan and Liam from a previous marriage — called a “supersmooth pregnancy,” his wife of nearly nine months welcomed their first child, Isabella Evelyn.可知，35岁的巴斯是前一 段婚姻中三个孩子的父亲:恩斯利、内森和利亚姆。巴斯称这是一次“超级顺利的怀孕”，结婚近9个月的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子伊莎贝拉·伊芙琳。由此可知，巴斯现在大概有三个儿子。故选C项。‎ ‎6‎ If Thelma Richards continues to pay $917 a month, every month, for the foreseeable future, she’ll pay off her student loans by the end of 2042. The problem is, by then she’ll be 87 years old. “I don’t think I’m going to live that long,” she says, laughing. “I’m not joking!” Richards, 65, who lives in Little Falls, N.Y., represents a growing number of older Americans, who are now more likely than ever to hold student debt well into retirement age. According to a January report from the U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the number of Americans aged 60 and older carrying student debt doubled in the past five years.‎ The rapid rise in older Americans taking on student loans has two main causes. The first is that parents and grandparents are co-signing loans to support the younger generation. The second is that older Americans are increasingly taking student loans for themselves. With blue-collar jobs decreasing, people in their 40s and 50s are going back to school to acquire new skills.‎ Richards, for example, who worked as a waitress while raising three children as a single mom, went back to college in her 40s to earn a degree in occupational treatment. While her new profession produces a higher income and health care benefits, it has also left her with a lifetime of debt. Trends leave older borrowers in a bind. They have less time in the workforce and are more likely to become ill, often in a weaker position to pay back loans. Making monthly payments on a fixed income is also more difficult than it is for younger borrowers, whose incomes are more likely to grow.‎ According to the CFPB report, more than a third of those aged 60 and older with student debt had given up medical care to afford their loan payments. And there’s no way out. Robert Farrington, the founder of the website the College Investor, says one main piece of advice for older borrowers is simply to avoid any loan that isn’t repayable in 10 years. “Remember,” he says, “if you don’t pay, they’ll come after you.”‎ ‎58. How much should Thelma Richards pay from 1st April 2030 to 31st December 2050 for the student loan according to the passage?‎ A. Approximately $129,300 B. Approximately $140,300‎ C. Approximately $217,300 D. Approximately $228,300‎ ‎59. For whom do Americans take student loans according to the passage?‎ A. Children. B. Grandparents.‎ C. The government. D. Themselves or kids.‎ ‎60. Which of the following is NOT a reason why it is difficult for Americans to pay off student loans?‎ A. The banks are too greedy. B. They easily become ill.‎ C. Some have to attend school. D. Their work time is reduced.‎ ‎61. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. Student Loan Cannot Be Paid in America B. The Government Should Reduce Student Loan C. Retirees Shoulder a Bigger Share of Student Debt D. Student Debt is the Biggest Trouble in America ‎【答案】58. B 59. D 60. A 61. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一片说明文。文章讲述了美国接受学生贷款的老年人迅速增加这一现象及其原因。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段If Thelma Richards continues to pay $917 a month, every month, for the foreseeable future, she’ll pay off her student loans by the end of 2042.可知，如果西尔玛·理查兹在可预见的将来继续每月支付917美元，她将在2042年底还清她的学生贷款。从2030年4月到2042年12月，一共12年加9个月，(12×12+9)×917 = 140,301。故选B项。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段The first is that parents and grandparents are co-signing loans to support the younger generation. The second is that older Americans are increasingly taking student loans for themselves. With blue-collar jobs decreasing, people in their 40s and 50s are going back to school to acquire new skills.可知，首先，父母和祖父母共同签署贷款来支持年轻一代。第二，越来越多的美国老年人自己承担学生贷款。随着蓝领工作岗位的减少，四五十岁的人又回到学校学习新技能。由此可知，美国人为自己或孩子承担学生贷款。故选D项。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段With blue-collar jobs decreasing, people in their 40s and 50s are going ‎ back to school to acquire new skills.可知，随着蓝领工作岗位的减少，四五十岁的人又回到学校学习新技能。再由第三段的Trends leave older borrowers in a bind. They have less time in the workforce and are more likely to become ill, often in a weaker position to pay back loans.可知，趋势让年长的借款人陷入困境。他们的工作时间更少，更容易生病，往往无力偿还贷款。由此可知，老年借款人陷入困境，是因为他们需要去上学学习新技能，那么在工作中的时间更少，而且更容易生病，往往无力偿还贷款。故选A项。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段最后一句the number of Americans aged 60 and older carrying student debt doubled in the past five years.(60岁及以上的美国人背负学生债务的人数在过去五年中翻了一番)，第二段第一句The rapid rise in older Americans taking on student loans has two main causes.(美国老年人迅速增加的学生贷款有两个主要原因)，第三段最后一句Making monthly payments on a fixed income is also more difficult than it is for younger borrowers, whose incomes are more likely to grow.(固定收入的月供也比较年轻的借款人更困难，因为他们的收入更有可能增长)和最后一段第一句more than a third of those aged 60 and older with student debt had given up medical care to afford their loan payments.(在60岁及以上的学生中，超过三分之一的人放弃了医疗保健，以支付他们的贷款)可知，整篇文章主要介绍了退休者的负担比过去更重了，肩负着更多的学生贷款。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题考察学生对文章大意的理解，在做此类问题时，把握两个原则，首段原则（文章第一段）和首末句原则（其余各段的首尾句），即可快速得出全文主旨。例如，在第4小题中，细读第一段和其他各段首尾句，便能快速知道退休者的负担比过去更重了，肩负着更多的学生贷款。由第一段最后一句the number of Americans aged 60 and older carrying student debt doubled in the past five years.(60岁及以上的美国人背负学生债务的人数在过去五年中翻了一番)，第二段第一句The rapid rise in older Americans taking on student loans has two main causes.(美国老年人迅速增加的学生贷款有两个主要原因)，第三段最后一句Making monthly payments on a fixed income is also more difficult than it is for younger borrowers, whose incomes are more likely to grow.(固定收入的月供也比较年轻的借款人更困难，因为他们的收入更有可能增长)和最后一段第一句more than a third of those aged 60 and older with student debt had given up medical care to afford their loan payments.(在60岁及以上的学生中，超过三分之一的人放弃了医疗保健，以支付他们的贷款)可知，整篇文章主要介绍了退休者的负担比过去更重了，肩负着更多的学生贷款。故选C项。‎ ‎7‎ A substitute teacher crunch has forced Chicago area school districts to raise sub pay, to use parents as subs and even to seek out teachers from moonlighting police and fire department ranks. The crunch also means good subs are getting harder to find, some say. “It’s not only a quantity problem but a quality problem,” said Barbara Radner, director of DePaul University’s Center for Urban Education, which serves as expert partner to 31 academically troubled Chicago public schools. “We’re getting to the bottom of the talent pool and it’s empty,” she said. And a bad sub, Radner explained, can move a class backward by confusing students.‎ Radner said Chicago’s sub shortage is at “crisis” levels and the worst she’s seen in 15 years, although city school officials say West Side schools seem to be affected the most. Using the Chicago system’s substitute teacher center is like engaging in “Russian roulette”, Radner said. “Every sixth sub you get could be a total blowup.” Increasingly, she said, principals in schools she works with say they can’t get subs, or the subs they get leave midday because they can’t handle the job. Chicago school officials are recruiting police officers and firefighters to sub in high-crime areas that some subs refuse to enter. A sub recruitment push is also planned on college campuses - among graduate and doctoral students who may find the part-time work attractive, Schools Chief Executive Officer Paul Vallas said.‎ Teachers often leave detailed lesson plans for subs if they know in advance they will be off, and keep “emergency plans” on file for unexpected absences, such as an illness. But Radner said emergency plans can amount to “a recipe for baby-sitter.” Carolyn Martin said her daughter’s last sub at Bolingbrook’s Tibbott Elementary in Valley View District 365 was so unpleasant that she may demand to sit in the classroom next time there’s a problem sub. “The last time they had a sub, the substitute teacher had to call the principal into the room,” Martin said, “This is a third-grade classroom, and the lady couldn’t even handle it”.‎ Demand for subs is high because of several factors, school officials say. For starters, those who hold sub certificate may not be using them because they have found better-paying jobs in today’s booming economy. Six or seven years age, Schaumburg District 54 Associate Supt. Kenneth Cull said, “I used to have 30 real estate agents sign up for sub work because they had college degrees and business was slow. I don’t have that anymore.” Sub pools have been further consumed by several waves of early teacher retirements and increased student enrollments — both of which have meant ‎ more subs are being hired as full-time teachers.‎ ‎62. What is troubling the Chicago school districts?‎ A. People in unrelated areas find jobs in school teaching.‎ B. Quality of regular and sub teachers needs improving.‎ C. Students suffer greatly from unprofessional teachers.‎ D. Chicago area is in bad need of qualified sub teachers.‎ ‎63. From the second paragraph, we learn____.‎ A. the sub crunches before were not as bad as the present ones B. many principals quit their jobs as they can’ t handle the situation C. police officers are sent to the high-crime areas to keep order D. six out of ten substitute teachers come from college campuses ‎64. According to Radner the emergency plans____.‎ A. are most effective in mending the situation B. are detested by most parents C. are resisted by most students D. do not efficiently meet the situation ‎65. Which of the following is NOT a factor that leads to the shortage of qualified subs?‎ A. Many certified teachers quit their teaching positions for other professions.‎ B. Sound economic situation attracts many candidates from teaching positions.‎ C. There are more students admitted to schools than ever before.‎ D. Many teachers retire earlier from their positions than they should.‎ ‎【答案】62. D 63. A 64. D 65. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了芝加哥出现了代课老师危机这一现象，好的代课老师难找，并阐述了代课老师出现危机的原因。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段的The crunch also means good subs are getting harder to find, some say. “It’s not only a quantity problem but a quality problem,”可知，一些人说，危机还意味着好潜艇越来越难找。“这不仅是数量问题，也是质量问题，”由此可知，芝加哥校区缺乏优质代课老师。故选D项。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段第一句“Radner said Chicago’s sub shortage is at “crisis” levels and the ‎ worst she’s seen in 15 years, although city school officials say West Side schools seem to be affected the most.”可知，拉德纳说，芝加哥的潜艇短缺已经到了“危机”的程度，这是她15年来所见过的最严重的短缺，尽管城市学校的官员说，西区的学校似乎受到的影响最大。由此推知，以前的代课老师危机没有现在严重。故选A项。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段的But Radner said emergency plans can amount to “a recipe for baby-sitter.”可知，但拉德纳表示，应急计划可以成为“临时保姆的良方”；而且，后面举的例子（代课老师管不住学生，要校长进教室）表明，紧急计划没什么效果。故选D项。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由最后一段中For starters, those who hold sub certificate may not be using them because they have found better-paying jobs in today’s booming economy.和Sub pools have been further consumed by several waves of early teacher retirements and increased student enrollments — both of which have meant more subs are being hired as full-time teachers.可知，首先，那些持有二级证书的人可能不会使用它们，因为他们在今天蓬勃发展的经济中找到了薪水更高的工作。几波教师提前退休和学生人数增加进一步消耗了代课教师群体——这两波现象都意味着更多代课教师被聘为全职教师。由此可知，“许多有资格的教师辞去了教师的工作，转行从事其他职业”并不是代课教师短缺原因。故选A项。‎ ‎8‎ For more than 2,000 years the Chinese people have been guided by the ideals of Confucianism. Its founder and greatest teacher was Confucius, whose humane philosophy also influenced the civilization of all of eastern Asia. Many legends were spread to illustrate Confucius’ beliefs. According to one story, he and his followers passed a cemetery where a woman was weeping at a graveside. She told them she was crying because “my husband’s father was killed here by a tiger, and my husband also, and now my son has met the same fate”. When they asked her why she did not leave such a fatal spot, she answered that in this place there was no oppressive government. “Remember this, my children,” said Confucius, “oppressive government is fiercer and more feared than a tiger”.‎ In such teaching and with such wise sayings, Confucius tried to bring people a respect for the teachings of the wise men of older generations. He always said of himself that he was a “transmitter, not a maker”. He collected and edited the poetry, the music, and the historical writings of what he ‎ considered the golden age.‎ Confucius laid no claim to being more than a man. Yet when he died he was admired almost as god. Temples were constructed in his honor in every city of China. His grave at Kufow, in what is now Shandong Province, became a place of pilgrimage.‎ Though Confucianism is commonly called a religion, it is rather a system of moral conduct. Confucius did not talk of God but of goodness. He did not teach about any god, simply saying, “Respect the gods, but have as little to do with them as possible.” His attention was centered on making people better in their lifetime, and his Analects are wise sayings similar to the Proverbs in the Bible.‎ Confucius is the Latinized form of the philosopher’s Chinese name, which was K’ung-fu-tzu, meaning Master K’ung. He was born in a poor but noble family. His father died when the boy was 3 years old. When he was only 6, people noted his fondness for setting out sacrifices and for ceremony. After his marriage at age 19, he worked for the governor of his district, first a keeper of stores and then as an overseer of parks and livestock. At the age of 22 he began his life as a teacher by establishing a school. He accepted valuable aid from some of his students, but he also welcomed students who could afford to pay only a small fee.‎ After some years of teaching and travel, he settled in Shandong for 15 years. When he was 52 years old, he was rewarded with an appointment as governor of a province and never failed to win the credit he deserved. He performed his task so well that a neighboring governor became jealous. Later, Confucius traveled around other kingdoms and wandered about for 13 years. Eventually, he returned to his native state of Lu in his 69th year and died three years later.‎ ‎66. The story of the woman in Para.1 is mentioned to show____.‎ A. Confucius was creative and sympathetic B. the government then was fiercer than a tiger C. Confucius’ beliefs are very popular D. Confucius often wanted to influence people ‎67. According to the author, Confucius himself____.‎ A. was tired of spreading his teachings in his late year.‎ B. was not interested in reforming the society C. did not want people to worship him as god D. showed great disrespect for the noble families ‎68. What does the underlined sentence in Para.4 mean?‎ A. Confucianism is different from common religion.‎ B. God blesses those who show respect and goodness.‎ C. People are advised to keep a distance from gods.‎ D. Confucius highlights the importance of virtue.‎ ‎69. In the eyes of the author, Confucius’ political life____.‎ A. was highly successful B. turned out to be a surprise C. was bound to fail because of his belief D. was not so important as his teaching life ‎70. As regards Confucius and his teachings, the tone of the passage is marked with____.‎ A. objective spirit B. deep admiration C. great openness D. obvious surprise ‎【答案】66. C 67. C 68. D 69. A 70. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了儒家文化的创始人孔子的生平和哲学思想。‎ ‎66题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段的Its founder and greatest teacher was Confucius, whose humane philosophy also influenced the civilization of all of eastern Asia. Many legends were spread to illustrate Confucius’ beliefs.可知，它的创始人和最伟大的老师是孔子，他的人文哲学也影响了整个东亚文明。为了说明孔子的信仰，流传了许多传说。由此可知，第1段中提到的女人的故事表明了孔子的信仰是非常受欢迎的。故选C项。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段中的He always said of himself that he was a “transmitter, not a maker”.和第三段中的Confucius laid no claim to being more than a man. Yet when he died he was admired almost as god.可知，孔子总是说自己是“传播者，而不是创造者”。孔子并不认为自己比人强。然而，当他去世时，他几乎被尊为神。由此可知，孔子态度谦虚，不希望大家把他当神看。故选C项。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第四段He did not teach about any god, simply saying, “Respect the gods, but have as little to do with them as possible.” His attention was centered on making people better in their lifetime, and his Analects are wise sayings similar to the Proverbs in the Bible.可知，他没有教导任何神，只是简单地说：“尊重神，但尽可能少地与神来往。”他的注意力集中在使人们生活得更好，他的《论语》是明智的言论，类似于圣经中的谚语。由此可知，划线句子Confucius did not talk of God but of goodness.(孔子谈论的不是神，而是善)说明孔子强调美德的重要性。故选D项。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段的He performed his task so well that a neighboring governor became jealous.可知，他把工作做得如此出色，以致邻居们的州长都嫉妒了。由此可知，孔子的政治生活很成功。故选A项。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通过第一段的Its founder and greatest teacher was Confucius, whose humane philosophy also influenced the civilization of all of eastern Asia.(它的创始人和最伟大的老师是孔子，他的人文哲学也影响了整个东亚文明)及第二段的In such teaching and with such wise sayings, Confucius tried to bring people a respect for the teachings of the wise men of older generations. (在这样的教导和明智的言论，孔子试图让人们尊重老一代的智者的教导)和其它段落推断出，作者在文中以赞赏的口吻介绍了孔子。故选B项。‎