【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题七选五阅读类型10篇训练之三（14页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题七选五阅读类型10篇训练之三（14页word版答案含有解析）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题 七选五阅读类型10篇训练之三 ‎ ‎[一]‎ Let children learn to judge their work.__1__.If corrected too much，he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit，he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.__2__They learn to do without being taught to walk，run，climb，whistle，ride a bicycle，compare their own performances with those of more skilled people，and slowly make the needed changes.‎ But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself.__3__we act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him，or correct it unless he was made to.Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what this word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.‎ If it is a matter of right answer，as it may be in mathematics or science，give him the answer book.__4__Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work？__5__Let the children learn what all educated people must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，and how to know what they know or do not know.‎ A．Children learn to do all the other things in the same way.‎ B．Let him correct his own papers C．Point out his mistakes D．We do it all for him ‎ E．We allow him to learn from other children F．A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time G．Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer 答案　1．F　2.A　3.D　4.B　5.G ‎[二]‎ The Most Direct Solution to Any Problem When trying to solve various problems in life，an approach I find very useful is to first identify what I’d consider the most direct solution，regardless of how I feel about actually implementing (实施) it. What is the clearest，most direct path to my goal or the most efficient way to get around an obstacle?‎ Many problems will have multiple direct solutions，but often these solutions will be unpleasant at first glance because they’ll require courage，selfdiscipline，creativity，or persistence to implement.__1__‎ For example，suppose you want to lose weight. And suppose we can say that one of direct solutions is to eat the same as you’re eating now and increase your exercise output by 500 calories a day.__2__It may require discipline and persistence，but most people would agree that it will work if you follow through.‎ Another example：__3__However，you don’t know how that person feels about you. One direct solution would be to simply walk up，explain your thoughts and feelings，and ask if she or he is interested in discussing the possibility of a closer relationship. This will take less than a minute to say，and whatever the outcome is，at least you know where you stand.__4__Anyhow it’s very simple and straightforward.‎ ‎__5__What’s the simplest and quickest way to reach your goal，assuming that you had limitless courage and discipline?‎ A．Of course this solution may require a lot of courage to overcome the possibility of rejection.‎ B．But if we can get ourselves to follow through，we know the solutions will actually work.‎ C．See if you can identify the most direct solution to some of ‎ your problems.‎ D．So the best way to overcome the difficulty is to ask your friends for advice.‎ E．If you implement this rather simple solution，you’ll lose weight.‎ F．Suppose you’re interested in starting a relationship with someone.‎ G．However，the solution implemented does not work.‎ 答案 1．B　2.E　3.F　4.A　5.C ‎[三]‎ Maybe you have heard the expression—When in Rome，do as the Romans do.So when you want to do business in France，you have to get to know French culture，to make marketing plans，and to run your business by local laws.‎ ‎__1__The French take great pride in their language，so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also，another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language.‎ The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends，kissing is common.‎ ‎__2__The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first，followed by their first name.‎ Dress well.__3__Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly.Wearing makeup is practised widely by businesswomen.‎ The French are passionate about food，so lunches are common in doing business in France，which usually consist of an appetizer，a ‎ main meal with wine，cheese，dessert and coffee，and normally take up to two hours.__4__‎ Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”．Pass dishes to the left，keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate.__5__This may suggest that you find the food tasteless.If eating in a restaurant，the person who invites always pays.‎ A．The French draw information about people based on their appearance.‎ B．This is a time for relationship building.‎ C．Remember to be as polite as possible.‎ D．Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France.‎ E．Be careful with adding salt，pepper or sauces to your food.‎ F．Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname.‎ G．Make an appointment with your business partner in advance.‎ 答案 1．D　2.F　3.A　4.B　5.E ‎[四]‎ Maybe you have heard the expression—When in Rome，do as the Romans do. So when you want to do business in France，you have to get to know French culture，to make marketing plans，and to run your business by local laws.‎ ‎__1__The French take great pride in their language，so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also，another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their country’s culture and language.‎ The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look the person in the eye. In social ‎ meetings with friends，kissing is common.‎ ‎__2__The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first，followed by their first name.‎ Dress well.__3__Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing makeup is practised widely by businesswomen.‎ The French are passionate about food，so lunches are common in doing business in France，which usually consist of an appetizer，a main meal with wine，cheese，dessert and coffee，and normally take up to two hours.__4__‎ Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”．Pass dishes to the left，keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate.__5__This may suggest that you find the food tasteless.If eating in a restaurant，the person who invites always pays.‎ A．The French draw information about people based on their appearance.‎ B．This is a time for relationship building.‎ C．Remember to be as polite as possible.‎ D．Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France.‎ E．Be careful with adding salt，pepper or sauces to your food.‎ F．Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname.‎ G．Make an appointment with your business partner in advance.‎ 答案 1．D　2.F　3.A　4.B　5.E ‎[五]‎ It was the 2015 “super storm” in New South Wales that restored my faith in people. ‎ During a break in the weather, I stupidly decided to drive into town ‎ to buy some groceries. However, as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse. 36 ‎ Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation. He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway. 37 ‎ The man, who introduced himself as Trent, then invited me to wait inside his house with his wife, Kayti and their two daughters. I told him I was concerned about the damage to my car, as the continuing rain was starting to turn into hail (冰雹). Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car. 38 Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.‎ By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone. 39 Trent made me a cup of tea and Kayti gave me a towel to dry myself off. The three of us chatted while waiting for the weather to get better. I learned that Trent had lost his job and was struggling to feed the family.‎ When the hail stopped, I shook Trent’s hand and kissed Kayti goodbye. 40 I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in people.‎ As I went out the door, I asked Trent for two of his business cards. My father has since called to offer him a job as a clerk at his company.‎ ‎ A. It began pouring so heavily that I was forced to stop.‎ ‎ B. The couple were so modest as I thanked them for their help.‎ ‎ C. I was surprised that he didn’t ask for anything in return for his assistance.‎ ‎ D. I was grateful to escape the running water that was about to drown my car.‎ ‎ E. I tried driving faster to escape the heavy downpour that was sure to come.‎ ‎ F. As a result, I couldn’t contact my parents, despite knowing they’d be worried.‎ ‎ G. He was wet but he didn’t seem to mind being out in the wild weather on my behalf.‎ 答案：36. A 37. D 38. G 39. F 40. B ‎[六]‎ Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you，where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts？ 36 .But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.‎ ‎• 37 ‎ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)． 38 .However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.‎ ‎•Recall(回忆) your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad，but that’s not what’s important. 39 —how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40 .Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grownup garden. Have fun.‎ A．Know why you garden B．Find a good place for your own garden C．It’s our experience of the garden that matters D．It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden，too G．For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何做园艺，让美丽的花园给我们带来美好的视觉享受。‎ ‎36．答案　F 解析　考查联系上下文的能力。根据前面的“Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you”，再结合后面的“It starts with looking inside yourself”可知，F项“你也可以使自己的花园产生那样一种魔力”符合语境。‎ ‎37．答案　A 解析　考查子标题。根据后面的“there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden”可知，这一部分主要说明的是首先要弄清楚从事园艺的原因。故A项与之相符。‎ ‎38．答案　E 解析　本题考查联系上下文的能力。根据上文中的“Some people may think...”和“Others are concerned about...”可知，此处表达的是人们搞园艺的不同原因，而E项中的“Still others may simply enjoy...”与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。‎ ‎39．答案　C 解析　考查运用语境进行推断的能力。根据前面的“that’s not what’s important”可知，这里强调的是在园艺中对我们来说真正重要的是什么。故C项“重要的是我们搞园艺的经历”符合上下文语境。‎ ‎40．答案　G 解析　考查综合分析能力。这里介绍的是自己弄一个花园，要回忆一下年轻时所看到的那些花园，并把这些花园的优点写下来，然后制定计划并去践行。故G项与上下文一致。‎ ‎[七]‎ Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 37 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.‎ ‎ 38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish ‎ isn’t fresh. 39 When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one.‎ There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，it’s ready to serve.‎ A．Do not buy it.‎ B．The easiest is to steam it.‎ C．This is how you can do it.‎ D．It just requires a little knowledge.‎ E．The fish will go bad within hours.‎ F．When buying fish，you should first smell it.‎ G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.‎ ‎36．G　[根据该空内容的前一句和后面的but 可知该空内容应是吃鱼的好处，故判断G选项符合语境。]‎ ‎37．D　[空格前说“买鱼、储藏鱼、做鱼并不难”，空格后说“本文就是关于如何买鱼并用一种简单方法做鱼的”。综观各选项，D项“这只需要一点儿知识”与上下文语意衔接紧密，故为答案。]‎ ‎38．F　[根据后面的解释内容可以判断此处应该填选鱼的方法，故F选项符合语境。]‎ ‎39．A　[此句是对上文的一个总结，根据因果关系，故选A选项。]‎ ‎40．B　[根据空前内容可知此处应填做鱼的方法，故B选项符合语境。]‎ ‎[八]‎ Secret codes(密码) keep messages private. Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.‎ People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code ‎ breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.‎ There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”‎ ‎ 38 You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”‎ ‎　 A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book. 39 For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.‎ A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.‎ B.In any language，some letters are used more than others.‎ C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.‎ D.As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.‎ E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.‎ F.With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.‎ G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.‎ ‎36.D　[考查综合分析能力。联系下一句“创设密码和破译密码总是相伴而生的”，可以推断此处的意思是“只要有密码存在，人们总是千方百计地进行破译”。故选D项。]‎ ‎37.E　[考查联系上下文的能力。依据接下来的举例可知，这里讲的是选取每个单词的首字母这一方法来隐藏信息。因此答案为E。]‎ ‎38.G　[考查运用语境进行推断的能力。前文已经介绍了一种设置密码的方式，这里又介绍了另一种。故选G。G项中的another也是解题的关键标志词。]‎ ‎39.F　[考查联系上下文的能力。空格前的a code book暗示答案可能为F项，通过验证，两句意思通顺自然，衔接紧密。故答案为F。]‎ ‎40.A　[考查综合分析能力。分析语境可知，该处仍在谈论密码本，由此可锁定A项，该句与空后一句衔接紧密，可确定为答案。]‎ ‎[九]‎ It’s normal to wake briefly during the night.__14__ But if you’re waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep，the following tips may help.‎ Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep，so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be，try not to stress over the fact that you’re awake，because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake.__15__‎ ‎__16__ If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep，try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象)，deep breathing，or meditation，which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they’re not a replacement for sleep，rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.‎ Do a quiet，nonstimulating activity. If you’ve been awake for more than 15 minutes，try getting out of bed and doing a quiet，nonstimulating activity，such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it’s time to wake up.__17__ A light snack might help relax you，but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.‎ ‎__18__ If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something，make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to ‎ resolve.‎ A．Make relaxation your goal，not sleep.‎ B．Put off worries and troubles.‎ C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.‎ D．In fact，a good sleeper won’t even remember it.‎ E．Also avoid screens of any kind—computers，TVs，cell phones，iPads.‎ F．You’ll be much more productive and creative after a good night’s rest.‎ G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了睡眠过程中会突然醒过来，如果此后长时间睡不着可以采取的一些措施。‎ ‎14．答案　D 解析　从前面的句子“It’s normal to wake briefly during the night.(晚上偶尔醒了是正常的)”以及下文“But if...back asleep...”可知“有的睡眠好的人甚至不记得了”承上启下。选D。‎ ‎15．答案　G 解析　从段首的句子“Stay out of your head.The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep，so remain in bed in a relaxed position.”可知要想重新入睡最好的办法是专注于身体的感受。选G。‎ ‎16．答案　A 解析　从后面的句子“If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep，try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象)．..”可知本段主要讲的是要尽量放松。选A。‎ ‎17．答案　E 解析　从前面的句子“Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it’s time to wake up.”可知一切有屏幕的东西都要避免。选E。‎ ‎18．答案　B 解析　从前面的句子“If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something，make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day...”可知本段主要讲的是把担心推迟到第二天。选B。‎ ‎[十]‎ Q&A Question：I have recently got a senior position within my company.One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting，I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 15 My first reaction was to answer defensively.Later，I realized that I shouldn’t have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings?‎ Answer：Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your peers(同事) is a hard task in itself and it becomes much more difficult when a questionandanswer period is required! Questionandanswer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points. 16 ‎ ‎• 17 ‎ When a person is asking a question，show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.‎ ‎•Buy time.‎ When facing a hard question，most people can’t give an answer immediately.Buy time by repeating the question in your own words. 18 These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.‎ ‎•Suggest a private meeting.‎ A onetoone meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers. 19 ‎ A．Show your true interest.‎ B．Restate the question with respect.‎ C．Some ideas can be quite concrete.‎ D．There were many difficult questions.‎ E．It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.‎ F．You may also ask for clarification on the question.‎ G．Here are some ideas that can help prepare for your next meeting.‎ ‎15．答案　D 解析　根据前一句“...I presented and then opened the floor to questions.”可知，说明我在会议上提出了一些问题，故D项(这些问题都是很棘手的。)符合上下文语境。‎ ‎16．答案　G 解析　根据下文可知，下文中提出了3条建议，故G项(这里有一些方法可以帮你更好地准备下次会议。)符合上下文语境。‎ ‎17．答案　A 解析　根据本段中的“When a person is asking a question，show interest and a desire to...”可知对于别人提出的问题，要表现出你很感兴趣，而这一段是对小标题的解释说明，故A项(展示你真正的兴趣。)正确。‎ ‎18．答案　F 解析　根据上文中“...by repeating the question.”及下文中“These techniques...”可知，此处应与上文的“repeating the question”共同构成“techniques”。故F项(你也可以请求对方进一步说明这个问题。)符合上下文语境。‎ ‎19．答案　E 解析　本段是关于一对一的交流能更好地解决问题，exchanging ideas与a onetoone meeting相呼应。故E项(也许这是一种更好地交流思想的方法。)符合上下文语境。‎