2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module4WhichEnglish？学案

2019届一轮复习外研版选修八Module4WhichEnglish？学案

Module 4 Which English？学案 基础自主回顾 Ⅰ.课标单词 ‎1．__________(adv.)立即，马上 ‎2．__________(v.)重要，要紧；有关系 ‎3．__________(v.)很重要；很有价值 ‎4．__________(adj.)独一无二的；独特的 ‎5．__________(adj.)极好的；优秀的 ‎6．__________(adj.)有关的；切题的 instantly matter　‎ count unique splendid relevant 7．__________(v.)传达，传递 ‎8．__________(v.)弄明白；澄清 ‎9．__________(adj.)不明确的；含糊的 ‎10．__________(v.)挑选，选择 ‎11．__________(v.)收回；撤销(说过的话)‎ ‎12．__________(adj.)潜在的；可能的 ‎13．__________(v.)征服；战胜 convey clarify vague　‎ select withdraw potential overcome 14．__________(v.)反对 ‎15．__________(adj.)更好的；更强的 ‎16．__________(v.)将……分类 ‎17．__________(n.)讨论；辩论→辩论(v.)‎ ‎18．__________辩论(v.)抱怨；不满→__________(n.)‎ ‎19．__________(v.)得到，获得→__________(同义词)‎ ‎ ‎ oppose superior classify debate; debate complain complaint acquire obtain/get/gain 20．__________(adj.)确信的，信服的→__________(adj.)令人信服的→__________(vt.)使确信；说服 ‎21．__________(n.)意义；含义→__________(adj.)重大的，重要的 ‎22．__________(v.)拒绝接受→__________(n.)→__________(同义词)‎ ‎23．__________(v.)反抗；抵抗→__________(n.)‎ ‎24．__________(n.)赞许；赞成→__________(vi.)‎ convinced convincing convince significance significant reject rejection refuse/decline resist resistance approval approve Ⅱ.常用短语 ‎1．____________区分开 ‎2．____________总之 ‎3．____________开始做某事 ‎4．____________以防万一 ‎5．____________把……看作 ‎6．____________以……结束 tell...apart in conclusion get down to sth.‎ in case regard...as...‎ end with ‎ ‎7．____________对……达成共识 ‎8．____________只要，假使 ‎9．____________使某人失望 ‎10．____________在于 ‎11．____________更精确地说 ‎12．____________对……抱怨 agree on as/so long as let sb. down lie in or rather complain about 13．____________特别地；尤其 ‎14．____________与……相关 ‎15．____________回溯到 in particular be relevant to date from Ⅲ.重点句型 ‎1. Perhaps correctness ________—as long as speakers can understand each other—it's communication ________.‎ 也许正确与否不要紧——只要说话的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。‎ 答案：doesn't matter　that coun 2. ____________1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050.‎ 据估计，到2050年为止将有13亿人会把英语用作第一或第二语言。‎ 答案：It is estimated that 2. ____________1.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050.‎ 据估计，到2050年为止将有13亿人会把英语用作第一或第二语言。‎ 答案：It is estimated that 4. ________idioms have been common for many years.‎ 并非所有的习语很多年都常见。‎ 答案：Not all Ⅳ.模块语法 ‎1．________a fire, hotel guests are asked to remain calm.‎ A. As a result of　　　　B. In the event of C. By reason of D. In the time of 答案：B 2．This crop doesn't do well in soils ________ the one for which it has been specially developed.‎ A. outside B. other than C. beyond D. rather than 答案：B 3．I'm sure ghosts don't exist. ________I have never seen one.‎ A. First of all B. Now and then C. Day and night D. At least 答案：D 4．The police came and they soon got the situation well ________.‎ A. by hand B. in hand C. on hand D. with hand 答案：B 5．We must keep our room clean. Dirt and disease go ________ you know.‎ A. from time to time B. hand in hand C. step by step D. one after another 答案：B 6. The man was lying on the ground ________ dead.‎ A. as possible as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as good as 答案：D 7. —What do you think of the speech?‎ ‎—The speaker said ________ nothing worth ________.‎ A. nearly; hearing B. hardly; listening C. scarcely; listening to D. almost; listening to 答案：D 8. —Is Mr. White out of danger?‎ ‎—No, ________than before, I'm afraid.‎ A. no better B. a little better C. not worse D. no worse 答案：A 考点探究解密 考 点 解 读 ‎ ‎1．oppose v．反对 精讲拓展：‎ ‎①be opposed to反对；对抗(to是介词)‎ ‎②oppose doing sth.反对做某事 ‎③opposed adj.对立的，相反的 ‎④opposite adj.相反的，对立的 n．相反的事物 ‎⑤opposition n．反对，反抗 ‎⑥oppose A to/against B使A与B对抗(对照)‎ ‎⑦opponent n．对手，敌手 ‎⑧as opposed to相比之下 误区警示：be opposed to中to是介词，后面必须接名词、代词或动名词。‎ She is strongly opposed to their plan.‎ 她强烈反对他们的计划。 朗文在线：‎ ‎①I am strongly opposed to your suggestion.‎ 我坚决反对你的建议。‎ ‎②The President opposes giving military aid to this country.‎ 总统反对向该国提供军事援助。‎ 命题方向：oppose作动词的用法，以及opposite和opposition的用法都有可能出现在高考单项填空或完形填空中。 活学巧练：用oppose的适当形式填空 (1)The villagers ______ the building of the motorway.‎ 答案：(1)opposed ‎(2)She seems very ______ ______ your going abroad.‎ 答案：(2)opposed to ‎(3)In England, you must drive on the ______ side of the road.‎ ‎　答案：(3)opposite　 (4)The woman sitting ______ is a detective.‎ 答案：(4)opposite　‎ ‎(5)I thought she would be small and pretty, but she‘s completely______. 　‎ 答案：(5)opposite 2．debate n．讨论，争论，辩论 vi., vt.辨认，讨论，争论 We have been debating about current affairs recently.‎ 精讲拓展： ①beyond debate无可争辩 ②debate about sth. with sb.与某人争论…… ③debate with oneself独自考虑，心中盘算 ④hold a debate举行辩论会 ⑤under debate正在辩论中 ⑥a fierce/heated debate激烈的/热烈的讨论 ‎ 词语辨析：debate，argue与discuss ①debate辩论的目的在于说服对方。 ②argue指条理清晰地陈述赞成或反对的理由。 ③discuss从不同的观点出发与某人讨论某事。 朗文在线： ①We must debate the question with the rest of the members. 我们必须和其他会员讨论那个问题。 ②They were debating whether to go to the montains or to the seaside. 他们正在讨论是去山上还是去海边。 ③The two sides debated fiercely whether to raise the price of school meals. 双方就是否提高学校用餐价格进行了激烈的辩论。 ④The proposal is under debate. 那个提议还在讨论当中。 命题方向：debate有可能以词语辨析的形式出现在高考单项填空或完形填空中。 活学巧练：完成句子 (1)They debated ______ (关闭)the factory.‎ 答案：(1)closing ‎(2)I'm debating where ______ ______ ______ ______ (度假)．‎ ‎　答案：(2)to have my vacation 3．convince vt.使确信，说服 精讲拓展： ①convince sb.that...使某人相信 ②convince sb.of sth.使某人明白某事 ③convince sb.to do sth.说服某人干某事 ④be convinced of sth.深信某事 ⑤be convinced that...深信…… ⑥convincible adj.可使信服的 ⑦convincing adj.有说服力的 朗文在线： ①We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我们终于使他们相信我们是清白的。 ②I‘m convinced that she is telling the truth. 我确信她讲的是事实。 命题方向：convince是新课标的重点词，2007年江西卷单项填空已作过考查，2011年高考单项填空和完形填空考查的可能性较大。 ‎ 活学巧练：完成句子 (1)I______ ______ ______ his guilt. 我确信他有罪。‎ 答案：(1)am convinced of ‎(2)How can I convince ______ ______ ______ ______？ 我怎样才能使你相信她很诚实呢？ 　‎ 答案：(2)you of her honesty (3)What convinced ______ ______ ______ ______ ______？ 究竟是什么使得你愿意投他们的票？‎ ‎　答案：(3)you to vote for them 4．withdraw (withdrew，withdrawn)vt.&vi.取回，收回；提取；撤销；(使)退出 精讲拓展： ①withdraw...from...从……移走(提取；收回；撤出)…… ②withdraw a remark撤回评论 ③withdraw from从……撤出 ④withdraw from the election退出选举 误区警示：withdraw本身已包含了“……回”之意，故不再和back连用；类似的还有return，repay，remove等。 朗文在线： ①Being angry at the judge's unfairness，he withdrew from the race. 对于裁判的不公他非常愤怒并退出了比赛。 ②To help his friend in debt, he withdrew all his money from his bank account. 为了帮助欠债的朋友，他从银行里把自己所有的钱都取了出来。 ③I insist that you withdraw your offensive remarks immediately. 我要求你必须立刻收回那些过头的话。 命题方向：withdraw在高考中考题动词辨析。 活学巧练： The US government threatened that it would ________ all its investment from the country if the country didn‘t reduce the customs duties. A. take B. move C. withdraw D. draw 答案与解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国政府威胁说如果那个国家不降低关税，它就将撤回在那个国家的全部投资。withdraw“撤走；撤回；收回”，符合题意。其余三项均无方向性，缺back一词。 ‎ ‎5．as long as与……一样长；与……一样久；只要(＝if) 精讲拓展： ①so long as (＝as long as)只要 ②on condition that只要 ③as far as远至；就……的限度 ④as good as和…… 样好；几乎 ⑤as well as和……一样好；和，既……又…… 误区警示：①as/so long as, on condition that与if用法基本相同，只是语气上比if重一些，都用来引导条件状语从句。 You can certainly make progress if/as long as/on condition that you work hard. 只要努力，你一定会进步。 As/So long as you need me, I‘ll stay. 只要你需要我，我就留下来。 ②as...as结构往往既可以表示直接意义“与……一样”，指两者间的比较；又可以表示“引申意义”(各表示不同的含义)，如as far as的直接意义是“与……一样远”，而引申意义为“就……的限度”。 As far as I am concerned, I cannot object to your marriage.就我个人而言，我不反对你们的婚事。 朗文在线： ①You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard. 只要不出后院，你可以出去玩。 ②Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month. 罗恩把钱借给我，条件是下月归还。 命题方向： as/so long as常常在高考单项填空和完形填空中考查，书面表达也常用到。 活学巧练：完成句子 (1)We can surely overcome these difficulties, ________ ________ ________ we are closely united. 只要我们紧密团结，就一定能克服这些困难。 答案：as long as (2)I‘ll lend my car to you ____________you return it on time. 只要你按时归还我就会把我的车借给你。‎ 答案：as/so long as (3)(2009·江西玉山模拟)He will surely finish the job on time ________ he’s left to do it in his own way. A. in that B. in ‎ case C. as long as D. as far as 答案与解析：C　in that因为；in case假设，以防万一；as long as只要；as far as远至，一直到……。根据句意，C项正确。 6．let sb. down使某人失望 精讲拓展： ①let sth. down放低某物，放下某物 ②let sb. down使某人失望 ③let sb./sth. in/into允许某人/某物进入 ④let alone更不用说 ⑤let sb./sth. alone不管，不要干涉某人/某物 ⑥let out使出去；放出；泄露 ⑦let off让……下车；饶恕；引爆 朗文在线： ①I‘m counting on you to support me—don’t let me down. 我指望你支持我呢——别让我失望。 ②Let down a rope so that I can climb up. 把绳子放下来我好爬上去。 ③There were seven people in the car, let alone a pile of luggage and three dogs. 那部汽车载了七个人，更不必说还有一堆行李和三只狗了。 误区警示：let...alone＝let...be/leave...alone不干涉；对……置之不理；而let alone是“……更不必说”，常作插入语。 活学巧练： He accidentally ________ he had quarrelled with his wife and then he hadn‘t been home for a long time. A. let down B. let in C. let off D. let out 答案与解析：D　考查短语辨析。句意：他无意间泄露了他同他妻子吵架并且好长时间没回家了的事。A项“使……失望”；B项“让进入”；C项“原谅某人”；D项“泄露”。 7．get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事，着手做某事 精讲拓展： ①get down(从高处)下来；取下，放下；使(人)气馁 ②get in one‘s way挡住某人的路；妨碍某人 ③get into trouble陷入困境 ④get together相聚；聚集 ⑤get－together n．聚会；联欢会 ‎ ‎⑥get on/along with sb.与某人相处 误区警示：①get down to短语中to为介词，只能接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能接动词原形。 Let‘s get down to our business. 咱们开始干正事吧。 It’s time I should get down to thinking about that essay. 我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。 ②由to构成的短语中，有些后面必须接名词，代词或动名词，因为to是介词。常见的还有be used to(习惯于……)，pay attention to, look forward to, devote oneself to, object to, stick to等。 朗文在线： I really must get down to filling in my tax form. 我真的要认真填写报税表了。 命题方向：to作介词用，后面必须接名词、代词或动名词而不能接动词原形的用法，常在高考单项填空和完形填空中考查。 活学巧练：汉译英 (1)度假之后他开始专心工作。 ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：(1)He got down to his work after the holidays. 2)我必须今晚开始认真学习，因为下周要考试。 ________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：(2)I must get down to study tonight，as I have got an exam next week. 8．复习状语从句 (1)状语从句的定义 状语从句是指起状语作用的从句，它从属于主句，在主从复合句中修饰主句中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可分为时间、原因、条件、方式、比较、目的、结果、让步和地点状语从句。 (2)状语从句的分类 ①时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用从属连词when, while(当……的时候)，as, after, before, since, until, as soon as等引导。 It was snowing when he arrived in Tianjin. 当他到达天津时，正在下雪。 Strike while the iron is hot.[谚]趁热打铁。 ②‎ 地点状语从句 地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。 Just stay where you are.请呆在原地别走开。 ③原因状语从句 由because, as, since和now that引导。 He didn‘t go to school today because he was ill. 他今天没来学校是因为他病了。 As there was no answer, I wrote to him again. 因为没有答复，我又给他写了信。 ④条件状语从句 条件状语从句由if, unless, in case(that), so far as, as/so long as, on condition(that), provided/providing, suppose/supposing(that)等引导。 Do you mind if I smoke？你介意我抽烟吗？ I won‘t leave unless he leaves first. 如果他不先离开我就不离开。 ⑤方式状语从句 方式状语从句由as, as if/though引导。 Most plants need air just as they need water. 大多数植物需要空气，正如它们需要水一样。 She treated me as if/though I were an alien. 她这样对待我，好像我是外星人似的。 ⑥让步状语从句 常由though(although)(虽然……但……)，even if(即使)，however(不管怎样)，whatever(无论什么)，no matter how (who...)(不管多么……)(无论谁……)等连接词或词组引导。 The officer often goes in among the masses, though he is very old. 虽然这个官员很老，但他经常到群众中去。 注意：英语中用了though或although就有“虽然……但是”的含义，所以在主句中不能再用but，但可接yet。 Although they were lost that day, yet they were all in high spirits. 虽然他们那天迷了路，但他们的情绪都很高。 ⑦目的状语从句 目的状语从句常用that, so that, in order that等从属连词引导，从句中的谓语动词常用may(might), can(could), should等情态动词。 He got up early in order that he could breathe fresh air. 他起得很早，为的是能呼吸新鲜空气。 ⑧结果状语从句 结果状语从句由so that, so...that, such...that等引导。 He was so tired that he almost fell asleep at dinner. 他如此疲劳以至于在吃饭时几乎睡着了。 ‎ ‎⑨比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用as...as, not so...as(或not as...as), more...than, less...than, the＋比较级．..the＋比较级等引导。这种从句中常省略某些成分。 He is copying the poem as carefully as he can. 他正在用心地抄写那首诗。 John is less clever than his brother. 约翰不如他弟弟聪明。 (3)使用状语从句时应注意的问题 ①时间、条件状语从句不用将来时 时间、条件状语从句不用将来时，而是用一般时态代替将来时态。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go fishing. 如果明天天气好，我们就去钓鱼。 ②状语从句中的省略 状语从句中，如果其主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有be动词，这时从句的主语和be动词均可省略。 He is an honest man although (he is) very poor. 他虽然很穷，但是诚实。 Whether (she is) sick or well Lily is always cheerful. 无论是有病还是健康，莉莉总是高高兴兴的。 活学巧练： (1) Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________ they are not managed carefully. A．though B．before C．until D．if 答案：D (2)We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ________， in fact, there were 40. A．while B．whether C．what D．which 答案：A ‎(3)________ we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. A．Since B．Unless C．As D．Although 答案：D (4)________ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A．Surprising B．Surprised C．Being surprised D．To be surprising 答案：B ‎ 考 题 演 练 ‎ ‎1. The incomes of skilled workers went up. ________， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise 答案与解析：C　句意：熟练工的收入在增加，与此同时，非熟练工的收入却在下降。meanwhile adv.与此同时，在此期间，符合句意。moreover adv.此外，而且；therefore adv.因此，所以；otherwise adv.否则，要不然。 2．Peter was so excited ________ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A. where B. that C. why D. when 答案与解析：D　句意：当彼得收到他朋友的邀请去参观重庆的时候，他非常兴奋。本题易错选that。但由句意知并不是“如此……以致”之意。where表地点，why表原因，均不合句意，故选D。 3．The questionnaire takes ________ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview. A. mainly B. punctually C. approximately D. precisely 答案与解析：C　mainly主要地；punctually准时地；approximately大约；precisely精确地；确切地。由句中的ten to fifteen minutes可知，此处是“大约”估计的时间而不是确切的时间。 4．My parents don‘t mind what job I do ________ I am happy. A. every though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 。‎ 答案与解析：C　A项意为“即使”；B项意为“一……就……”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“似乎，好像”。句意：只要我快乐我的父母不介意我做什么工作 5．I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ________. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 答案与解析：B　在“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。 6．All people, ________they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however 答案与解析：B　句意：所有的人，不论他们是年老还是年轻……，都在尽力帮助那些灾难后需要帮助的人。 7．The last time we had great fun was ________ we were visiting the Water Park. A. where B. how C. when D. why 答案与解析：C　由the last time可知是表示时间，故用when引导表语从句。 ‎