江苏省泰州市2020届高三三模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省泰州市2020届高三三模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2019-2020学年度第二学期调研测试 高三英语试题 ‎(考试时间:120分钟；总分:120分)‎ 注意事项:‎ ‎1、本试卷共分两部分，第I卷为选择题，第II卷为非选择题。‎ ‎2、所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上的无效。‎ 第I卷(选择题 三部分共85分)‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分20分)”‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ How old is the man’s own car?‎ A. One month old. B. One year old. C. Five years old.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: That’s a nice car. Did you buy it last month?‎ M: No, I rented this car for my wedding. And my own car I bought five years ago is still in good condition.‎ ‎2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ Who did the woman buy the shirt for?‎ A. Herself. B. Her daughter. C. Her son.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I’d like to return this shirt, please. It is too small for my son.I would like to return it and buy this dress for my daughter instead.‎ M: No problem, madam. Come this way, please.‎ - 41 -‎ ‎3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What did the speakers think of the movie?‎ A. Meaningful. B. Confusing. C. Boring.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Did you understand that movie? I liked the actors, but I was confused about the story.‎ W: Yeah, I wish I knew more about the Spanish War. It would probably make more sense.‎ ‎4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What does the man like most about the park?‎ A. It’s clean there. B. It’s relaxing there. C. It’s beautiful there.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: What do you think of this park? I think it is one of the most beautiful places in the city. I also like how quiet it is.‎ M: I agree, but what I like best is you don’t see any waste paper or plastic bags on the ground. Everyone is doing their part to protect the environment here.‎ ‎5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What will the woman do tonight?‎ A. Paint the living room. B. Visit her friend Jason. C. Have dinner at her parents’.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I’ve got to go. Jason is waiting for me by the lift. I’ve offered to help him paint his living room.‎ W: All right. Just make sure you are home before six. We’re going to my parents’ house for dinner tonight.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个 - 41 -‎ 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各 个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. What is the speakers’ relationship?‎ A. Friends. B. Neighbors. C. Renter and owner.‎ ‎7. Why does the woman complain about her neighbor?‎ A. He is always rude to her.‎ B. He always wakes her up in the morning.‎ C. He always fixes things late at night.‎ ‎【答案】6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I have had a problem with the person living one floor above me. He wakes up at 6:00 a.m. and walks around loudly. It wakes me up every morning.‎ M: I understand. People here are usually respectful of each other. It usually doesn’t become a problem after a short conversation.‎ W: Well, I have spoken to this person before, and he just told me, “Too bad!”‎ M: Oh, that is unacceptable. I will speak to him on your behalf. Don’t worry.‎ W: Thank you. I also still need some repairs done on the bathroom sink when you get a chance.‎ M: I’ll send someone over to look at it right away.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. How did Harriet know the time?‎ A. From her iPhone. B. From her watch. C. From the sun.‎ ‎9. What does Don think about Harriet’s explanation?‎ A. It’s wrong. B. It’s funny. C. It’s too scientific.‎ ‎10. Where might the conversation be taking place?‎ A. In a field. B. In a classroom. C. At a computer lab.‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: What time is it, Harriet? I’m starving, but I guess it’s not time for lunch yet.‎ W: Let’s see…according to my iPhone, it’s just a few minutes past noon.‎ M: What? I thought my watch was wrong. Shouldn’t the sun be overhead if it’s noon?‎ W: Oh, Don. I can tell you weren’t listening in science class last week. The sun is only overhead at noon for two days a year.‎ M: Ha-ha. Very funny.‎ W: No, really. Mrs. Sorenson explained it. The earth goes around the sun at an angle, and that changes where the sun is at noon.‎ M: But…then those old clocks that measured time by the sun’s shadow are all wrong?‎ W: Umm, not exactly. They’re just not the same as the time we keep on our computers.‎ M: I wish I were sitting at a computer right now instead of out here. I’m starting to hate nature.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎11. What does the woman say about playing basketball?‎ A. She finds it pretty easy. B. She is good at it. C. She knows the general rules.‎ ‎12. Where did the woman buy the basketball?‎ A. In a store. B. On the street. C. At school.‎ ‎13. What will the speakers do first?‎ A. Buy some special shoes. B. Go home to change. C. Find a basketball court.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. B 13. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Will you teach me how to play basketball?‎ M: Sure, it’s pretty easy.‎ W: I know. I’ve played before, and I know the general rules of the game. I’m just - 41 -‎ ‎ not very good at it.‎ M: Do you have a basketball?‎ W: Yes, I just bought a new one today. There was a man selling them on the street by my house. What do you think about it? Is it a good one?‎ M: It’s not bad. How much did you pay for it?‎ W: It was only $5.‎ M: That’s a good deal. So, is there a basketball court near here?‎ W: We can use the one at the school down the road. No one is ever there.‎ M: OK. Let us just run home first to change. Do you have any basketball shoes?‎ W: Do I need special shoes to play basketball?‎ M: No. Just make sure you have a pair of shoes that will support your ankles.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎14. Where did the woman first meet the man?‎ A. In high school. B. In a chemistry competition.. C. In college.‎ ‎15. What did the man do after high school?”‎ A. He went straight to university.‎ B. He traveled around the world.‎ C. He worked at a small school.‎ ‎16. What is the school in Connecticut known for?‎ A. Its famous teachers. B. Its foreign language department. C. Its low cost.‎ ‎17. What does the woman mean in the end?‎ A. It is enjoyable to study Chinese.‎ B. It is her lifetime goal to speak Chinese well.‎ C. It takes a long time to master a foreign language.‎ ‎【答案】14. A 15. A 16. B 17. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Do you mind if I sit here?‎ W: No, of course not. Go ahead.‎ - 41 -‎ M: Don’t I know you?‎ W: Yes. Now that you mention it, I think we had a chemistry class together in high school.‎ M: You’re right! How are you? It’s been a long time!‎ W: What did you do after high school?‎ M: I went straight to university afterwards. What about you?‎ W: I took a year off to go traveling.‎ M: That sounds exciting. Where did you go?‎ W: I went all over the world. It was the best year of my life. Where did you go to school?‎ M: I went to a small school in Connecticut. It has a very good reputation for its foreign language department.‎ W: Oh, did you study a foreign language?‎ M: Yes, I received some money to study Chinese.‎ W: That’s a very difficult language to learn, isn’t it?‎ M: It is, but it’s very enjoyable.‎ W: So, you can actually speak Chinese?‎ M: I can, but not as well as I’d like to. I’ll probably be studying Chinese until the day I die!‎ W: I think most languages take a lifetime to learn well.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎18. What is the purpose of the staff meeting?‎ A. To find ways to help Mrs. Smith.‎ B. To announce Mrs. Smith’s current situation.‎ C. To figure out what’s wrong with Mrs. Smith.‎ ‎19. Where did Mrs. Smith feel the pain?‎ A. In her arm. B. In her lung. C. In her shoulder.‎ ‎20. How long has Mrs. Smith worked at the company?‎ A. Less than two weeks. B. About three months. C. Over five years.‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】Hello, folks. Thanks for coming to this staff meeting. I want to update all of you on Mrs. Smith’s situation. As most of you know, Mrs. Smith was told that she had cancer a few months ago. She went to the doctor because of the pain in her arm, and a tumor was found in her upper lung near her shoulder. Mrs. Smith has two young children and a husband. Most of you know her family very well, since she has worked at our company for over five years. First, I want to say how impressed I am with your kindness to her family. For the last three months, someone has brought her family a meal to eat every single night! Your concern for her and her loved ones moves me. Mrs. Smith is very thankful for all your help during this difficult time. And lastly, I want to give you some good news. The doctor told Mrs. Smith that she is much better. She will have an operation in two weeks. If all goes well, she will survive. Thank you all for caring!‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.Foreign students and their families can sample the charm of traditional Chinese culture through______Peking Opera performance.‎ A. authentic B. autonomous C. artificial D. ambiguous ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：外国学生和他们的家人可以通过地道的京剧表演来感受中国传统文化的魅力。A. authentic真正的、地道的；B. autonomous自主的；C. artificial人造的、虚伪的；D. ambiguous模糊不清的。由Peking Opera performance可知，此处指地道的京剧表演。故选A项。‎ ‎22.The punishment a criminal deserves should be in proportion to the______of the offence.‎ - 41 -‎ A. gravity B. division C. analysis D. composition ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：罪犯应受到的惩罚应与罪行的严重程度相称。A. gravity严重性；B. division分割；C. analysis分析；D. composition构成。由句意可知，罪犯应受到的惩罚应与罪行的严重性相称，in proportion to（与……相称）。故选A项。‎ ‎23.If talks about a new deal________, the football player will have to leave the club with the end of his current contract.‎ A. break off B. break out C. break down D. break through ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果有关新政的谈判破裂，这名足球运动员将不得不在合同到期后离开俱乐部。A. break off突然中止；B. break out爆发；C. break down破裂、失败；D. break through突破。由the football player will have to leave the club可知，只有谈判破裂，足球运动员才要离开俱乐部。故选C项。‎ ‎24.______, Chinese cuisine is served in shared plates, but now individual portions are recommended.‎ A. Gradually B. Typically C. Approximately D. Occasionally ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，中国菜都是用共用盘供应的，但现在推荐单独食用。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Typically一般地、通常地；C. Approximately大约地；D. Occasionally偶尔地。由常识可知，中国菜一般来说都是用共用盘供应的。故选B项。‎ ‎25.After experiments on COVID-19, medical experts conclude that the chances of survival will be great, ______the infected person tests positive twice.‎ A. as though B. even if C. in case D. so that ‎【答案】B - 41 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：在对新冠肺炎进行实验后，医学专家得出结论：这个病毒存活几率非常大，即使已感染者两次检测都呈阳性。A. as though好像；B. even if即使；C. in case如果；D. so that以至于、以便于。由句意可知，空前空后两句表让步，意为“即使”，表明病毒存活几率大，即使已经被感染过的人测试两次还会呈现阳性。故选B项。‎ ‎26.His new invention is beyond all praise and has quickly occupied the market _____its superior quality.‎ A. in terms of B. by virtue of C. on behalf of D. on top of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他的新发明令人赞不绝口，并迅速凭借它卓越的品质占领了市场。A. in terms of就……而言；B. by virtue of凭借；C. on behalf of代表；D. on top of在……之上。由句意可知，是凭借卓越的品质占领了市场，此处意为“凭借”。故选B项。‎ ‎27.The spokesman noted______some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage and conscience to admit the truth.‎ A. which B. that C. whether D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：发言人指出有些人明显缺乏的不是获取正确信息的手段，而是承认真理的勇气和良知。分析句子可知，谓语动词noted后接了一个宾语从句，此宾语从句缺乏宾语，宾语是物，所以用引导词what。故选D项。‎ ‎28.As a scientist puts it, a virus is color blind, which does not_____on the basis of skin color, religion, or social status.‎ A. comprehend B. interpret C. correspond D. discriminate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如一位科学家所说，病毒是色盲的，它不会基于肤色、宗教或社会地位进行歧视。A. comprehend理解；B. interpret解释；C.‎ - 41 -‎ ‎ correspond对应；D. discriminate歧视。由a virus is color blind可知，病毒不会因肤色、宗教或社会地位而歧视人（暗指人人都可能感染病毒）。故选D项。‎ ‎29._______in the wonderful world of words, students will increase their vocabulary and boost their reading competence.‎ A. Being involved B. Involving C. Having involved D. Involved ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：使学生参与精彩的单词世界，学生将增加他们的词汇量和提高阅读能力。句子已有谓语will increase且无连词，所以空处用非谓语结构，主语students和动词involve in是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词（-ed）表被动，作状语。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】分析非谓语动词关键抓住两点：‎ 第一、辨别非谓语动词的使用条件。一个句子中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词，还有别的动词出现时，这个动词用非谓语形式。‎ 第二、找逻辑主语、分析语态、分析时态。主动进行-ing，被动完成用-ed，将来目的用to do。‎ 如本题中，students是involve in逻辑主语，是被动关系，应用-ed形式，故确定是Involved。‎ ‎30.The Education Department of Zhejiang Province_____a draft regulation on cutting workload for pupils, which has aroused fierce discussions.‎ A. published B. is publishing C. had published D. was publishing ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：浙江省教育厅颁发了一个关于削减学生的课业负担的条例草案，引起了激烈的讨论。由句意可知，这个草案是过去被颁发的（才会引发之后的讨论），要用一般过去时。故选A项。‎ ‎31.Morrison said not until national testing capacity had been increased_____＿in Australia.‎ A. the rules would be relaxed - 41 -‎ B. would the rules be relaxed C. that the rules would be relaxed D. that would the rules be relaxed ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：莫里森说，直到国家测试能力提高，澳大利亚才会放宽相关规定。said 后面的宾语从句中，“not until +状语从句”放句首，要使用主谓部分倒装,因此把谓语动词中的情态动词would提到主语之前。故选B项。‎ ‎32.People often turn to china daily.com.cn_____they’ll find valuable information regarding everything they’ll be or are going through.‎ A. which B. where C. when D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：人们经常访问中国日报网，他们从中可以找到有关他们将会或正在经历的一切有价值的信息。分析句子可知，china daily.com.cn是先行词，指地点，后接一个定语从句，且定语从句中不缺少句子成分，在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故选B项。‎ ‎33.—I’m fed up with the wet, cold weather here! I wish tomorrow a sunny day!‎ ‎—Exactly. Actually, it______every day in the past two weeks.‎ A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. has been raining ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：——我受够了这里潮湿、寒冷的天气！我希望明天是晴天！——准确来说。事实上，在过去两周的每一天都在下雨。根据第一句话可以知道，天气仍然不好，仍然在下雨，一直持续到现在，所以用现在完成进行时（has/have been doing）表动作从过去发生一直持续到现在。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】分析现在完成进行时关键抓住三点：‎ 现在完成进行时的使用条件，其中之一就是“表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。”‎ - 41 -‎ 现在完成进行时的结构，has/have been doing。‎ 现在完成进行时的标志。其标志为：already(已经）、just（刚刚）、never（从不）、ever(曾经）、yet（仍然）、for+一段时间、since+过去时间/一般过去时态的句子、in the past +一段时间等。‎ 如题中，“in the past +一段时间”为现在完成进行时的标志，加上“下雨（rain）”这个动作也是一直延续、持续不断地，并且这个动作由过去开始一直持续到现在，故确定用has been raining。‎ ‎34.A recent survey has demonstrated that a large number of victims during the COVID-19 Outbreak______，if they had worn masks.‎ A. should have been saved B. must have been saved C. need have been saved D. could have been saved ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：最近的一项调查表明如果他们在新冠肺炎爆发时期戴了口罩，很多受害者本来可以被救。由句意可知，此处指如果带了口罩，一些人本来可以被救，could have done，意为“过去本可以做却未做”。故选D项。‎ ‎35.—It’s said that your family will move to another city, why?‎ ‎—_______.The environment in this city is wonderful and relaxing.‎ A. That depends B. That’s for sure C. It’s not the case D. It’s hard to say ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——据说你们家要搬到另外一个城市了，为什么？——事实并非如此，这个城市的环境这么好并且让人很放松。A. That depends这得看情况；B. That’s for sure那是肯定的；C. It’s not the case事实并非如此；D. It’s hard to say这很难说。说话的另一方说，这个城市的环境这么好并且让人很放松，说明他是对现在所住的城市很满意，因此不会搬到另外一个城市，所以是事实并非如此。故选C项。‎ 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ - 41 -‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，:从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ Joe spent 16 years as a fireman and emergency medical technician. He has been honored for his___36___in risking his life on numerous occasions to save others. However, one emergency call___37___him to poisonous chemicals that later led to repeated strokes (中风). At only___38___, the man who had grown 38 to having the physical strength and mobility to save lives was now: ___39___to tie his own shoes or button his own shirt. Worst of all, the strokes left him ___40___ seizures (痉挛) that would strike ___41___,‎ Before his health ___42___, Joe was known for being active and optimistic. But after his strokes, he spent day and night in bed, dangerously ___43___. One of his only ___44___ joys was Lucky, his 12-year-old Dalmatian, but Joe’s wife Kim _______45_______something terrible would happen to Joe when Lucky_______46_______. She didn’t want to wait to find out, so she suggested a new dog should be _______47_______to the family.‎ Then entered Meatball. He was saved as a puppy from an Afghan war zone and brought to the United States for _______48_______by Puppy Rescue Mission. Joe and Kim went to the airport to meet Meatball upon his arrival. The moment Meatball came out of his cage, he peed (撒尿) all over Joe — and Joe _______49_______his first genuine laughter in months!‎ Two years later, one night, Kim was awakened by Meatball’s _______50_______barking. She went to see what was wrong and found Joe having a_______51_______seizure. Joe was _______52_______to the hospital — Meatball had saved the day. And it wasn’t the only time. “He’s always there _______53_______me, helping me, making sure I’m okay,” says Joe. Since I got sick, some of my friends have fallen by the wayside,_______54_______this beautiful dog always stays with me. That means I’m worth _______55_______after all. Pets are the emotional, physical, and spiritual gift we didn’t know we needed. ‎ ‎36. A. fear B. luck C. bravery D. hesitation - 41 -‎ ‎37. A. reduced B. shifted C. exposed D. attracted ‎38. A. committed B. accustomed C. addicted D. abandoned ‎39. A. afraid B. ashamed C. unable D. unwilling ‎40. A. to B. by C. for D. with ‎41. A. painfully B. separately C. randomly D. automatically ‎42. A. recovered B. improved C. infected D. declined ‎43. A. depressed B. puzzled C. excited D. embarrassed ‎44. A. accessible B. remaining C. selective D. meaningful ‎45. A. anticipated B. suspected C. predicted D. worried ‎46. A. passed away B. hung out C. fell out D. turned away ‎47. A. contributed B. offered C. added D. devoted ‎48. A. profit B. adoption C. release D. memory ‎49. A. fell into B. dived into C. burst into D. ran into ‎50. A. confused B. panicked C. surprised D. shocked ‎51. A. violent B. tough C. common D. slight ‎52. A. loaded B. rushed C. transferred D. admitted ‎53. A. praying B. guiding C. tolerating D. watching ‎54. A. so B. if C. and D. but ‎55. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ‎【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A ‎【解析】‎ - 41 -‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，原本身体健康的消防员及急救人员Joe 因为一次中风变成了行动不灵敏且有些抑郁的人，他唯一的快乐是因为一条老狗Lucky；妻子担心Lucky死后 Joe 会发生不测，于是重新领养了一条叫 Meatball 的狗，有了 Meatball 的陪伴，Joe 也逐渐变得乐观，同时 Meatball 还好几次间接的拯救了Joe。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他因多次勇敢地冒着生命危险去救别人受到了表彰。A. fear恐惧；B. luck幸运；C. bravery勇敢；D. hesitation犹豫。由后文的risking his life on numerous occasions to save others可知，Joe很勇敢。故选C项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个紧急电话让他接触到有毒的化学物质，后来导致反复发作的中风。A. reduced减少；B. shifted变化、转移；C. exposed暴露；D. attracted吸引。expose sb to sth （使某人暴露在……），由语境可知，一次急救行动使他暴露在一些有毒化学品下，导致了他后来的反复发作中风。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个已经38岁的男人过去已经习惯了用体力和行动来拯救生命，但现在却无法系好自己的鞋子，也无法扣上自己的衬衫。A. committed自杀、承诺；B. accustomed习惯；C. addicted使上瘾；D. abandoned抛弃。由下文的the man who had grown 38 to having the physical strength and mobility to save lives可知，Joe 中风之前一直习惯于可以自己有肢体力量并且灵活行动。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个已经38岁的男人过去已经习惯了用体力和行动来拯救生命，但现在却无法系好自己的鞋子，也无法扣上自己的衬衫。A. afraid害怕的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. unable不能的；D. unwilling不愿意的。由上文的repeated strokes可知，因为中风了所以 Joe 现在不能很好的控制自己的身体去做事情。故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，中风会使他痉挛发作，而且会随机发作。A. to到……；B. by通过……；C. for为了；D. with带有。left sb with（给某人留下……），由语境可知，这里指中风给Joe 留下痉挛的问题。故选D项。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是，中风会使他痉挛发作，而且会随机发作。A.‎ - 41 -‎ ‎ painfully痛苦地；B. separately分开地；C. randomly随意地；D. automatically自动地。由后文语境可知，Joe 有一次半夜突然痉挛，所以他的痉挛是随机发生的。故选C项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在健康下降之前，Joe以积极乐观著称。A. recovered恢复；B. improved提高；C. infected感染；D. declined下降。由下文语境可知，中风后Joe整天躺在床上，心情沮丧，But前后两句情况相反，所以这里的积极乐观是在 Joe 中风前，也就是健康衰退前。故选D项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但中风后，他日夜躺在床上，极度抑郁。A. depressed沮丧的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。由上文语境可知，未中风前，Joe积极乐观，中风后Joe整天躺在床上，肯定心情沮丧、不开心。故选A项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他仅存的快乐之一是Lucky，他12岁的达尔马提亚犬。A. accessible可接近的；B. remaining剩下的；C. selective选择性的；D. meaningful有意义的。由上文语境可知，Joe整天都很低落，所以此空应为他仅存的快乐。故选B项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Joe的妻子Kim担心，当Lucky去世时，Joe会发生可怕的事情。A. anticipated期望；B. suspected怀疑；C. predicted预料；D. worried担心。由上文语境可知，Joe整天都很低落，仅存的快乐是Lucky，所以Kim 担心会有什么不好的事发生。故选D项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但Joe的妻子Kim担心，当Lucky去世时，Joe会发生可怕的事情。A. passed away过世；B. hung out闲逛；C. fell out争吵；D. turned away转身离开。由上文可知，Joe 仅存的快乐就是他十二岁的狗，常识可知十二岁的狗已经很老了，所以Kim担心 Lucky死后Joe会有事。故选A项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不想等着知道，所以她建议给家里添一只新狗。A. contributed贡献；B. offered提供；C. added增加；D. devoted致力于。由上文语境可知，Kim 担心Lucky死后Joe会有事，所以Kim建议这个家应该增加一条新的狗。故选C项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ - 41 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它作为一只小狗从阿富汗战区获救，并被带到美国的小狗救援团收养。A. profit利益；B. adoption收养；C. release释放；D. memory记忆。由后文的Puppy Rescue Mission可知，Meatball是在阿富汗被救助带到美国小狗救援团准备被领养的。故选B项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Meatball从笼子里出来的那一刻，他尿得Joe全身都是——Joe爆发出几个月来的第一次真正的笑声！A. fell into陷入；B. dived into潜入；C. burst into突然爆发出；D. ran into遇到。由语境可知，此处指爆发出笑声，burst into laughter 固定搭配，意为“发出笑声”。故选C项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两年后的一天晚上，Kim被Meatball惊慌失措的叫声吵醒。A. confused困惑的；B. panicked惊慌失措的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. shocked震惊的。由下文语境可知，狗叫是因为Joe发生了很严重的痉挛，所以狗的叫声应该是惊慌失措的。故选B项。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她去看了看怎么回事，发现Joe正剧烈痉挛。A. violent剧烈的；B. tough艰难的；C. common普通的；D. slight轻微的。由语境可知，Kim 通过狗的叫声发现Joe正在很剧烈地痉挛。故选A项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joe被紧急送往医院——Meatball挽救了这一天。A. loaded装上；B. rushed速送、冲；C. transferred转移；D. admitted承认。由上文语境可知，Joe的情况很危急，所以Joe被很快送到医院，rush to（匆匆赶到）。故选B项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他总是在那里看着我，帮助我，确保我没事，”乔说。A. praying祈祷；B. guiding指导；C. tolerating容忍；D. watching看。由后文的helping me, making sure I’m okay可知，Meatball一直看着Joe确保Joe没事。故选D项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：自从我生病以来，我的一些朋友中途放弃了我，但这只漂亮的狗总是和我在一起。A. so因此；B. if假如；C. and和；D. but但是。由上文的 fall by the wayside - 41 -‎ ‎ （中途放弃）可知，Joe说很多朋友都中途放弃了他，但这只漂亮的狗一直在他身边，前后语境形成反差，故用 but。故选D项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查代词词义辨析。句意：那意味着我终究还是有价值的。A. something想来重要（或值得注意）的事物；B. anything任何事；C. everything一切事；D. nothing无关紧要的东西。由上文语境可知，虽然一些朋友抛弃了Joe，但Meatball 始终在Joe身边，所以Joe认为他终究还是重要的/有价值的。故选A项。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A Today scientists are creating cool designs with smoother moves. Let’s check out the science behind four awesome robots.‎ TYPES HOW IT WORKS WHAT IT MEANS FOR YOU T-HR3‎ The two-legged walking robot imitates the way people move. A human operator wears a headset with cameras that show what the robot “sees”. The human can then control the robot’s actions with his or her own human movements.‎ With a human helper, T-HR3 could assist people in medical facilities, burning buildings, construction sites, and even space. Its creators hope that T-HR3 will learn to do some tasks itself one day …like, say, your chores, maybe?‎ SHAPE-SHIFTIING When a scientist programs in a shape/ the motors change different parts of the surface to make it look like whatever the scientist wants! The shape-shifting robot can be programmed to look like just about anything small and enter tiny space.‎ In addition to helping scientists secretly observe animals, the shape-shifting robot might one day be used to create more immersive virtual reality experiences. Imagine being able to touch objects in your VR game - 41 -‎ ‎ and not just see them!‎ SALTO Rescuers have long used remote-controlled robots to search through nibble. But what’s special about Salto is its jumping ability, enabling it to reach places humans can’t. Twisted rubber bands in its legs make it bouncy enough to leap to high spaces.‎ Salto’s not just helpful in emergencies. Its technology might one day help fetch things from hard-to-reach places in your home, like that candy bar you hid on the top shelf of the cupboard.‎ SPOTMINI The four-legged robot is designed to help with house chores. With its extendable arms, Spotmini can unload dishes and put them in high shelves, grab debris (碎片) in hard-to-reach places. It can even climb stairs.‎ Experts say future homes will have robots doing chores so that people have more free time. Instead of earning your allowance by taking out the garbage, you might be doing robot repairs instead.‎ ‎56. If you want to take a close picture of a poisonous snake which robot is the most suitable?‎ - 41 -‎ A. T-HR3 B. SHAPE-SHIFTING C. SALTO D. SPOTMINI ‎57. What these robots have in common is that they . ‎ A. work by using a remote-control B. are designed to help with the housework C. enable people to see whatever they “see”‎ D. carry out tasks where humans are hard to reach ‎【答案】56. B 57. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四款机器人的主要功能和特点。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二个机器人SHAPE-SHIFTIING的右侧表格的第一句“In addition to helping scientists secretly observe animals, the shape-shifting robot might one day be used to create more immersive virtual reality experiences.”（除了帮助科学家秘密观察动物外，变形机器人也许有一天会被用来创造更具沉浸感的虚拟现实体验。）可知，Shape-Shifting 机器人可以帮助科学家近距离观察动物。故选B项。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。阅读表格可知，从T-HR3右侧表格的第一句话“With a human helper, T-HR3 could assist people in medical facilities, burning buildings, construction sites, and even space.”（作为人类的帮手，T-HR3可以在医疗设施，燃烧的建筑物，建筑工地，甚至太空上帮助人们。），所以T-HR3可以在医疗、烧毁建筑、施工现场等地方帮助人们；从SHAPE-SHIFTIING的右侧表格的第一句话“In addition to helping scientists secretly observe animals, the shape-shifting robot might one day be used to create more immersive virtual reality experiences.”（除了帮助科学家秘密观察动物外，变形机器人也许有一天会被用来创造更具沉浸感的虚拟现实体验。）可知，SHAPE-SHIFTIING可以帮助人们近距离观察动物、创造沉浸式的视觉体验；从SALTO中间表格的句子“But what’s special about Salto is its jumping ability, enabling it to reach places humans can’t.”（但Salto的特殊之处在于它的跳跃能力，使它能够到达人类无法到达的地方。），可知Salto凭借他的弹跳能力可以到达人类不能达到的地方，从而帮助人们寻找东西；从SPOTMINI中间表格的句子“With its extendable arms, Spotmini can unload dishes and put them in high shelves, grab debris (碎片) in hard-to-reach - 41 -‎ ‎ places.”（Spotmini有着可伸缩的手臂，可以卸下碗碟，放在高高的架子上，在很难触及的地方抓起碎片。）可知，Spotmini机器人则可以帮助人们清扫难以清扫的角落；故这四款机器人都能帮助人们执行人们难以完成的任务。故选D项。‎ B A scientific approach to reducing poverty’s many harmful effects via field experiments in schools and other real-world settings has won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. ‎ Economists Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, both of MIT, and Michael Kremer of Harvard University will receive equal shares of the prize of 9 million Swedish kronor. Duflo is only the second woman ever to be awarded the economics Nobel. “Poverty has deep roots, and we use an experimental approach to examine particular aspects of this problem and determine what interventions (干预) work.” Duflo said. ‎ More than 700 million people globally live in extreme poverty. Half of the world’s children leave school without basic language or math skills. Roughly 5 million children under age 5 annually die from diseases that could have been prevented with inexpensive treatments. ‎ The three winners design and test interventions aimed at specific ways to alleviate poverty’s effects on education, health care and other areas. Such studies are especially important because policies intended to fight poverty can often cause opposite results. ‎ In the mid-1990s, Kremer led a team that tested a range of interventions aimed at improving learning among students attending schools in western Kenya. Banerjee and Duflo, often with Kremer, then performed similar studies in other countries. One important line of research developed “Teaching at the Right Level” programs, which enable teachers in low-income, developing nations to target instruction to students’ learning levels. Teachers in these programs learn ways to keep students from falling behind rather than forcing them through a one-size-fits-all curriculum for each grade. ‎ A 2011 study led by Duflo, for instance, found that grade 1 test scores in a Kenyan school increased when teachers divided students into smaller classes based on their ‎ - 41 -‎ initial learning levels. ‎ A string of studies in the. same vein led by the 2019 winners took randomized controlled trials and field experiments from ignored status to standard practice in developing nations. ‎ These studies showed that the virtually unanswerable question “How can we fight global poverty?” could be broken into smaller, testable questions such as “Why do children not attend school?” and “Why do small-scale farmers not use technologies such as modern seeds and fertilizer (肥料) that are known to be profitable?”‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?‎ A. relieve B. remove C. control D. transform ‎59. It can be inferred that the method the 2019 winners applied to education .‎ A. is more suitable for high-level students B. is an intervention initially created by Duflo C. will surely get rid of the deep roots of poverty D. takes into consideration students learning levels ‎60. What can we learn from the experimenting approach the three economists adopt?‎ A. The authorities concerned should make policies based on scientific findings. ‎ B. Field experimenting is the most scientific way to find whether interventions work. ‎ C. Education should be paid more attention to due to its important part in fighting poverty. ‎ D. It may be helpful to narrow down the scale of a problem by focusing on specific aspects. ‎ ‎【答案】58. A 59. D 60. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，3位获奖者通过具体方法干预减轻贫困对教育、医疗等方面的影响，最后得出结论：无法回答的大问题可以分成更小的、可测试的问题来进行解答。‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。由第四段中的“The three winners design and test interventions aimed at specific ways to alleviate poverty’s effects on education, health care and other areas. Such studies are especially important because policies intended to fight poverty can often cause opposite results.”（三位获奖者设计并测试了旨在用具体方法减轻贫困对教育、医疗和其他领域影响的干预措施。这类研究尤其重要，因为旨在抗击贫穷的政策往往会导致相反的结果。），可知旨在消除贫困的政策往往会导致相反的结果，那么这三位获奖者应该是通过具体方法干预减轻贫困对教育、医疗等方面的影响，所以alleviate在此处意为“减轻”。故选A项。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段中的“One important line of research developed “Teaching at the Right Level” programs, which enable teachers in low-income, developing nations to target instruction to students’ learning levels.”（一项重要的研究开发了“适当水平的教学”项目，使发展中国家的低收入教师能够针对学生的学习水平进行教学。），第六段中的“A 2011 study led by Duflo, for instance, found that grade 1 test scores in a Kenyan school increased when teachers divided students into smaller classes based on their initial learning levels.”（例如，2011年Duflo领导的一项研究发现，当老师根据学生的初始学习水平将他们分成更小的班级时，肯尼亚一所学校的一年级考试分数会增加。）和第七段也表明了 2019 年的获奖者也采用了同样的思路，也就是考虑学生的实际学习水平，进行随机对照实验。由此判断出2019年的获奖者考虑了学生的学习水平。故选D项。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“These studies showed that the virtually unanswerable question “How can we fight global poverty?” could be broken into smaller, testable questions”（这些研究表明，事实上无法回答的问题“我们如何才能战胜全球贫困？”可以分成更小的、可测试的问题），可知知这些研究都展示了可以将一个大问题分成小的、可以测试的问题。由此判断出，通过关注特定的方面来缩小问题的范围可能是有帮助的。故选D项。‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中必考的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。做这种类型的技巧之一：要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义，即有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，上文或下文接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。如在第1小题中，由画线单词的下一句“Such studies are especially important because policies intended to fight poverty can often cause opposite results.”，可知旨消除贫困的政策往往会导致相反的结果，那么这三位获奖者应该是通过具体方法干预减轻贫困对教育、医疗等方面的影响的干预措施，所以alleviate在此处意为“减轻”。故选A项。‎ C Climate change will bring and has already brought a wide variety of threatening destruction to human existence. Some of these are well-known and already operative, like the wildfires racing along California’s freeways or the permanent droughts that have been upsetting Mediterranean farmers. But are these all terrible disasters we can come up with that are brought about by climate change?‎ Absolutely not. None of the challenges posed by our warming climate has appeared larger in the popular imagination than sea-level rise, as global populations and wealth are heavily concentrated in low-lying coastal cities. The best available models suggest that 37 million people currently live in places that will be below high tide by 2050-in an optimistic low-carbon-emissions scenario (设想).‎ Or rather, that’s what such models suggested before this week. On Tuesday, a new study revealed that those alarming statistics were wildly inaccurate. The actual impacts of sea-level rise are going to be much, much worse. ‎ Previous estimates of the impact that rising tides would have on coastal cities relied on essentially a three-dimensional map of Earth obtained from satellite readings. But those readings were fundamentally unreliable because they often measured the planet’s upper surfaces — such as treetops and tall buildings — rather than its ground level. These mistakes led scientists to overestimate the elevation (海拔) of many regions of Earth. ‎ In a new study published by the journal Nature Communications, scientists from Princeton, University detail this methodological problem, then use artificial intelligence to determine the previous literature’s error rate. Their research ‎ - 41 -‎ yields some amazing updates to our conventional understanding of what the next century has in store for our coastlines. ‎ In its optimistic scenario, the Princeton study projects that lands currently occupied by 150 million people will lie below high tide in 2050. But as warming destroys many of the world’s agricultural regions, climate change could accelerate migration from rural areas to coastal cities. ‎ The new study does include one piece of slightly encouraging news. While previous models suggested that 28 million humans currently live in places that already lie below high tide, the actual number is closer to 110 million — which means seawalls and other barriers have proven sufficient to keep many cities dry even as sea levels have risen around them. Still, the scale of barrier construction necessary to save low-lying cities from collapse is now, apparently, far greater than previously understood when the task already looked terribly expensive, particularly for developing countries. ‎ If the Princeton researchers’ projections are correct, avoiding mass death and suffering in the coming decades will require not only rapidly reducing carbon emissions and strengthening construction of seawalls but also furthering mass migrations away from low-lying cities and islands and toward higher ground.‎ ‎61. The first paragraph is mainly intended to .‎ A. introduce the topic of this passage B. show various disasters caused by climate change C. call on people to fix attention on climate change D. lay emphasis on the seriousness of climate change ‎62. All the following statements are true EXCEPT .‎ A. the Princeton study reveals an optimistic picture of sea rising. . .‎ B. the three-dimensional map produced by satellite is not accurate C. some measures are mentioned by the writer to deal with sea rising D. more people are likely to live in coastal cities in the coming years ‎63. We can see something encouraging from the Princeton study that .‎ A. it’s cheap to construct seawalls as well as other barriers - 41 -‎ B. the scale of barrier construction is much greater than before C. developed countries have less trouble in dealing with rising sea levels D. seawalls do have the function to prevent coastal cities being drowned ‎64. What can be a suitable title for the passage?‎ A. How to protect cities from rising seas.‎ B. Rising seas are going to drown more cities.‎ C. Climate change is endangering human existence.‎ D. Less emission of carbon, fewer fires and droughts.‎ ‎【答案】61. A 62. A 63. D 64. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章就气候变化情况下海平面上升的问题展开讨论，推翻了过去得出错误数据的旧方法，根据普林斯顿的一项新研究，提出海平面上升的问题正越来越严峻，全球变暖加剧了海平面上升、淹没城市的风险并给出了一些建议。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的“Climate change will bring and has already brought a wide variety of threatening destruction to human existence.”（气候变化将给人类的生存带来并已经带来各种各样的威胁性破坏。）和“But are these all terrible disasters we can come up with that are brought about by climate change?”（但这些都是气候变化带来的可怕灾难吗？），由此判断出，第一段的目的是引出气候变化这个主题。故选A项。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由倒数第三段的“In its optimistic scenario, the Princeton study projects that lands currently occupied by 150 million people will lie below high tide in 2050.”（在乐观的情况下，普林斯顿大学的研究预测，目前有1.5亿人居住的土地在2050年还可以不会被海平面上升所淹没。），可知并未说海平面上升这件事情有一个光明的未来，而是前景很不客观。A 项错误；由第四段中的“But those readings were fundamentally unreliable because they often measured the planet’s upper surfaces — such as treetops and tall buildings — rather than its ground level.”（但这些读数基本上是不可靠的，因为它们经常测量地球的上表面——比如树梢和高楼——而不是它的地面。），可知通过卫星云图采集地表图像进行3D 建模的方式被证明是不准确的，B项正确；由最后一段的“avoiding mass - 41 -‎ ‎ death and suffering in the coming decades will require not only rapidly reducing carbon emissions and strengthening construction of seawalls but also furthering mass migrations away from low-lying cities and islands and toward higher ground.”（那么在未来几十年避免大规模死亡和痛苦不仅需要迅速减少碳排放和加强海堤的建设，而且还需要进一步推动大规模移民离开低洼的城市和岛屿，向高地迁移。），可知作者提出了一些建议，C项正确；由第二段中的“The best available models suggest that 37 million people currently live in places that will be below high tide by 2050-in an optimistic low-carbon-emissions scenario (设想).”（现有的最佳模型表明，在乐观的低碳排放情景下，到2050年，将有3700万人生活在海平面以下的地方。），可知住在海滨城市的人口与日俱增，D项正确。故选A项。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由题干关键词encouraging可将答案定位于倒数第二段。由倒数第二段中的“While previous models suggested that 28 million humans currently live in places that already lie below high tide, the actual number is closer to 110 million — which means seawalls and other barriers have proven sufficient to keep many cities dry even as sea levels have risen around them.”（虽然先前的模式显示，目前有2800万人居住在海平面以下的地方，但实际数字接近1.1亿，这意味着海堤和其他屏障已被证明足以让许多城市保持干燥，即使周围的海平面已经上升。），可知海堤确实有防止沿海城市被淹的作用。故选D项。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第二段中的“None of the challenges posed by our warming climate has appeared larger in the popular imagination than sea-level rise, as global populations and wealth are heavily concentrated in low-lying coastal cities.”（由于全球人口和财富高度集中在低洼的沿海城市，在人们的想象中，气候变暖带来的挑战没有一个比海平面上升更大。），第三段最后一句“The actual impacts of sea-level rise are going to be much, much worse.”（海平面上升的实际影响将会更加严重。），第四段第一句“Previous estimates of the impact that rising tides would have on coastal cities relied on essentially a three-dimensional map of Earth obtained from satellite readings.”（先前对涨潮对沿海城市的影响的估计，基本上依赖于从卫星读数获得的三维地球地图。），第六段最后一句“But as warming destroys many of the world’s agricultural - 41 -‎ ‎ regions, climate change could accelerate migration from rural areas to coastal cities.”（但随着气候变暖摧毁了世界上许多农业地区，气候变化可能加速从农村地区向沿海城市的移民。）和最后两段关于防止海岸城市被淹的策略和建议，可知本文强调的是气候变化情况下海平面上升淹没滨海城市的问题，应选B项；A项，本文主要在分析海平面上升问题的原因与过程，how to 只是结尾提到一句；C项，气候变化的确是一个严峻问题，但人类还没有到马上灭绝的程度；D项，碳排放与火焰、高温干旱不是本文主题。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】在高考中，细节理解题为频繁常考题型，集中考查文中细节。在做此类题型时，同学们可以先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅技巧迅速在文中找到这一细节，把这部分内容仔细读一遍，比较所给选项与文中细节的细微差别。如在第3小题中，分析问题，得到关键词encouraging，迅速定位到倒数第二段，找到句子“While previous models suggested that 28 million humans currently live in places that already lie below high tide, the actual number is closer to 110 million — which means seawalls and other barriers have proven sufficient to keep many cities dry even as sea levels have risen around them.（虽然先前的模型显示，目前有2800万人居住在已经处于涨潮之下的地方，但实际数字接近1.1亿，这意味着海堤和其他屏障已被证明足以让许多城市保持干燥，即使周围的海平面已经上升。）”可知，海堤确实有防止沿海城市被淹的作用。故选D项。‎ D In January 2017, snow began’ to fall across the Apennines. From his home in the Rome suburbs, Edward watched the weather with concern. He and his wife, Caroline, had planned an overnight getaway to the hotel. But now he wondered whether they should go with the road covered with snow. Edward phoned the hotel, whose owner, Del Rosso, advised Edward to use chains on his tyres. ‎ After a short talk, Edward and Caroline decided to make the trip. By the time they neared the resort (度假胜地) six hours later, they were battling a total whiteout. When they finally reached the hotel, they were cold and exhausted. They checked into their room, trying to forget their long day in the car. ‎ Suddenly, the hotel began to shake. The windows rattled, and the water in the tub spilt over the edges. An earthquake with a magnitude of 5. 7 had struck the mountain. Edward had had enough. “Let’s get out of here,” he told his wife, dressing ‎ - 41 -‎ quickly. They were about to head to the parking lot when the snow on the mountain began to slide. ‎ Martin, the resort’s caretaker, had been working in the tiny boiler hut about 30 yards from the main building when he noticed something abnormal. Standing on an empty snowfield, he gazed at a trail of complete destruction — it was as if a giant rake (耙子) had been dragged down the mountain, pulling down beech trees, crushing cars, chewing up everything in its path. ‎ Finding a signal with his phone seemed to take forever. In fact, it took two hours before Martin finally spoke with the chief of the region’s rescue team. ‎ ‎“We’re coming,” Crocetta promised. ‎ ‎“How long will it take?” asked Martin. ‎ ‎“Five or six hours.”‎ Eight hours after Martin had talked to Crocetta, the rescuers finally arrived. There was no movement anywhere — no human sound, just rubble (碎石).Edward lay in a coffin-sized pocket of air beneath 30 feet of snow, ice, and rubble. He could hear nothing of what was happening at the surface. Shock had set in, and he felt no pain, no hunger, no cold. Each time Edward awoke, he faced a new terrible reality: he was buried alive. Despair suddenly seized him. He asked himself, who is going to save us?‎ Nick and three other rescuers kept digging on, breaking blade after blade on their circular saws (圆锯), battling toward a faint cell signal detected deep in the ruins. Suddenly they heard a voice. They silenced their saws and listened. It was Edward. He was still fading in and out of consciousness. A vision of his wife stayed with him, an angel of mercy, he thought. She assured him he would be OK. ‎ ‎“Edward, we are here!” Nick shouted, ten feet above where the trapped man lay.” Are you injured? Are you bleeding?”‎ As the voices and the buzzing of saws grew louder, Edward became more alert. “Where is my wife?”‎ ‎“We put her in the car because it’s cold,” Nick lied. ‎ At last, at around six in the morning, Nick’s saw broke through a final thick ‎ - 41 -‎ layer of insulation (隔绝). He pointed his light toward the opening and spotted Edward’s back. Nick could see how the angled beams had created a cocoon that prevented Edward from being crushed to death. Those near him had not been so lucky: Squeezed in the space with him were the bodies of two women — one supporting his head, one curled (卷曲) beneath his left leg. ‎ Rescuers raised the concrete beams off Edward’s limbs with a jack (千斤顶). “You are a superhero,” Nick said as he reached beneath Edward’s armpits and gently lifted him out of his tomb. ‎ Five days after his rescue, Edward was given the heartbroken news that his wife had died. Her body had been found, crushed by debris, near where Edward had been trapped. The angel who had appeared to him in his dreams had, somehow, never left his side. ‎ ‎65. Edward was advised to use chains on his tires in order to .‎ A. protect the tyres B. reduce the risk of slipping C. make the car stronger D. put on the weight of the car ‎66. What did Martin see after noticing something abnormal?‎ A. A beautiful scenery of snow.‎ B. The cars crushed by the trees.‎ C. A giant rake dragged down the mountain.‎ D. The snow swallowing everything on its way.‎ ‎67. It took Martin two hours to get in touch with the rescue team because .‎ A. his phone was out of power B. the signal was not strong enough C. he was too scared to make the call D. the line was too busy to get through ‎68. What was Edward’s condition after he was trapped?‎ A. He was lucky to be safe and sound.‎ B. He was optimistic and waiting for the rescue patiently.‎ - 41 -‎ C. He was in a bad state and came back to life once in a while.‎ D. He was seriously injured and out of consciousness completely.‎ ‎69. Nick lied to Edward when he asked about his wife because .‎ A. he didn’t want Edward to lose hope B. he was a dishonest rescuer and often lied to others C. he wanted to play jokes with Edward to relax him D. he wanted to distract his attention to reduce his pain ‎70. What does the author want to convey to us?‎ A. Rescuers are true superheroes.‎ B. Where there is life, there is hope.‎ C. Love can help a man survive a disaster.‎ D. A snow crash goes hand in hand with an earthquake.‎ ‎【答案】65. B 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Edward夫妻俩在旅游途中偶遇大雪与地震，Edward被活埋，在绝望之中靠着对妻子的挂念坚持下去，最后成功得救，而他的妻子Caroline却不幸离世。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的“But now he wondered whether they should go with the road covered with snow. Edward phoned the hotel, whose owner, Del Rosso, advised Edward to use chains on his tyres.”（但现在他不知道他们是否应该走在积雪覆盖的道路上。Edward给旅馆打了电话，旅馆老板Del Rosso建议Edward在轮胎上使用链条。），可推断出Edward 在酒店主人的建议下给车轮上链条，以此防止车在有雪道路上打滑。故选B项。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段中的“Standing on an empty snowfield, he gazed at a trail of complete destruction — it was as if a giant rake (耙子) had been dragged down the mountain, pulling down beech trees, crushing cars, chewing up everything in its path.”（他站在一片空旷的雪地上，凝视着一条完全被毁的小路——就好像一个巨大的耙子被拖下山，把山毛榉树拔出，把汽车碾碎，把路上的东西都啃光了。），可知Martin看见雪吞没了路上的一切。故选D项。‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段中的“Finding a signal with his phone seemed to take forever.”（用手机寻找信号似乎要花很长时间。），可知Martin花了两个小时才与救援队取得联系，是因为信号不强。故选B项。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由倒数第八段中的“Edward lay in a coffin-sized pocket of air beneath 30 feet of snow, ice, and rubble. He could hear nothing of what was happening at the surface. Shock had set in, and he felt no pain, no hunger, no cold. Each time Edward awoke, he faced a new terrible reality: he was buried alive.”（任何地方都没有动静——没有人声，只有瓦砾，Edward躺在30英尺深的雪、冰和瓦砾下，躺在棺材大小的空气袋里。他听不到地面上发生的事。他感到一阵震惊，没有疼痛，没有饥饿，没有寒冷。每次Edward醒来，他都面对一个新的可怕现实：他被活埋了。），可知Edward状态不好，偶尔会苏醒过来。故选C项。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由倒数第八段中“Each time Edward awoke, he faced a new terrible reality: he was buried alive. Despair suddenly seized him. He asked himself, who is going to save us?”（每次Edward醒来，他都面对一个新的可怕现实：他被活埋了。绝望突然抓住了他。他问自己，谁来救我们？），倒数第七段中的“He was still fading in and out of consciousness. A vision of his wife stayed with him, an angel of mercy, he thought. She assured him he would be OK.”（他仍在意识的淡入和淡出。他想，妻子的幻象一直伴随着他，一个仁慈的天使。她向他保证他会没事的。）和倒数第五段中的“As the voices and the buzzing of saws grew louder, Edward became more alert.”（随着声音和锯的嗡嗡声越来越大，Edward变得更加警觉。），可知Edward被活埋时情绪不稳定、十分紧张，靠着妻子的幻想才支撑下来，如果此时告诉Edward妻子死了，Edward会失去希望，所以Nick要撒谎。故选A项。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由倒数第七段中的“He was still fading in and out of consciousness. A vision of his wife stayed with him, an angel of mercy, he thought. She assured him he would be OK.”（他仍在意识的淡入和淡出。他想，妻子的幻象一直伴随着他，一个仁慈的天使。她向他保证他会没事的。）和最后一段中的“The angel who had appeared to him in his dreams - 41 -‎ ‎ had, somehow, never left his side.”（在他梦中出现的天使，不知怎么的，从来没有离开过他的身边。），可知Edward是靠着对妻子的爱和挂念才坚持下去，等到救援，所以判断出，短文要传达的信息是爱可以帮助一个人度过灾难。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第1小题中，第一段中的“But now he wondered whether they should go with the road covered with snow. Edward phoned the hotel, whose owner, Del Rosso, advised Edward to use chains on his tyres.（但现在他不知道他们是否应该走在积雪覆盖的道路上。Edward给旅馆打了电话，旅馆老板Del Rosso建议Edward在轮胎上使用链条。）”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可推断出Edward 在酒店主人的建议下给车轮上链条，以此防止车在有雪道路上打滑。故选B项。‎ 第II卷(非选择题 两部分 共35分)‎ 第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分 10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意:请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ Is Loneliness a Health Epidemic (流行病)？‎ Over the last twenty years, more and more studies reveal increasing numbers of people experience loneliness regularly. In the face of such a situation, earlier this year, Britain appointed its first “minister for loneliness”, who is charged with dealing with what the Prime Minister called the “sad reality of modern life”. ‎ Public-health leaders immediately praised the idea-and for good reason. In recent decades, researchers have discovered that loneliness left untreated is not just psychically painful; it also can have serious medical consequences. And numerous studies have linked loneliness to heart disease, cancer, depression, diabetes and suicide. Vivek Murthy, the former United States surgeon general, has written that loneliness is associated with a reduction in life span similar to that caused by smoking 15 cigarettes a day and even greater than that associated with obesity. ‎ - 41 -‎ Anxiety about loneliness is a common feature of modern societies. Today, two major causes of loneliness seem possible. One is that societies throughout the world have embraced a culture of individualism. More people are living alone, and aging alone, than ever. Liberal social policies have turned workers into unstable free agents, and when jobs disappear, things fall apart fast. Labor unions, civic associations, neighborhood organizations, religious groups and other traditional sources of social unity are in steady decline. Increasingly, we all feel that we’re on our own. ‎ The other possible cause is the rise of communication technology, including smartphones, social media and the Internet. A decade ago, companies like Facebook, Apple and Google promised that their products would help create meaningful relationships and communities. On the contrary, we’ve used the media system to deepen existing divisions, at both the individual and group levels. We may have thousands of “friends” and “followers” on Facebook and Instagram, but when it comes to human relationships, it turns out there’s no choice but to build them the old-fashioned way, in person. ‎ But is loneliness, as many political officials and experts are warning, a growing “health epidemic”? I don’t believe so, nor do I believe it helps anyone to describe it that way. Social disconnection is a serious matter, yet — if we arouse a panic over its popularity and impact, we’re less likely to treat it properly. ‎ In places like the United States and Britain, it’s the poor, unemployed, displaced and migrant populations that suffer most from loneliness. Their lives are unstable, and so are their relationships. When they get lonely, they are the least able to get adequate social or medical support. ‎ I don’t believe we have a loneliness epidemic. But millions of people are suffering from social disconnection. Whether or not they have a minister for loneliness, they deserve more attention and help than we’re offering today. ‎ Is Loneliness a Health Epidemic?‎ Introduction ‎•The severity of loneliness resulted in the ___71___ of “minister for loneliness” in Britain. ‎ - 41 -‎ Consequences of loneliness ‎•If left untreated, people ___72___ from loneliness may well develop physical and mental illnesses. ‎ ‎•Similar to negative effects caused by smoking and obesity, loneliness is to blame for ___73___ deaths. ‎ Possible ___74___of loneliness ‎•In a culture laying emphasis on individualism, it has become too easy to be alone. Meanwhile, with sources of social unity declining ___75___people lack opportunities to be connected. ‎ ‎• ___76___ to what technological companies promised, the growth of using modem technology actually leads people to split up, as there is no ___77___ for face-to-face communication. ‎ Writer’s attitudes towards loneliness ‎•Overstatement about loneliness may panic people, which is likely to lead to ___78___ treatment of the problem. ‎ ‎•There is no epidemic, but people at a(n)) ___79___ are in need of adequate social or medical support, and those disconnected from society are ____80____ of more concern. ‎ ‎【答案】71. appointment/appearance ‎ ‎72. suffering ‎ ‎73. earlier/early ‎ ‎74. causes 75. steadily ‎ ‎76. Contrary/Opposite ‎ ‎77. substitute/replacement ‎ ‎78. improper ‎ ‎79. disadvantage ‎ ‎80. worthy - 41 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，孤独这种社会现象、孤独产生的原因以及作者对孤独的态度。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 信息转换题。由第一段的In the face of such a situation, earlier this year, Britain appointed its first “minister for loneliness”（面对这种情况，今年早些时候，英国任命了第一位“孤独大臣”）可知，越发严重的孤独导致了孤独大臣的上任/出现，此处意指“上任/出现”，用名词appointment/appearance。故填appointment/appearance。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 信息整合题。由第二段的In recent decades, researchers have discovered that loneliness left untreated is not just psychically painful; it also can have serious medical consequences.（近几十年来，研究人员发现，未经治疗的孤独感不仅仅是精神上的痛苦；它还可能产生严重的医疗后果。）可知，整合信息得出，孤独不及时处理，遭受孤独的人身心可能会出现疾病，suffer from（遭受……的痛苦），此处用现在分词表主动做名词people的后置定语。故填suffering。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 信息转换题。由第二段的Vivek Murthy, the former United States surgeon general, has written that loneliness is associated with a reduction in life span（美国前外科总医师Vivek Murthy曾写道，孤独感与寿命缩短有关）可知，孤独导致寿命减少，也就是更早的死亡，此处意指“更早的/早的”，用形容词earlier/early。故填earlier/early。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 信息捕捉题。由第三段的Today, two major causes of loneliness seem possible.（今天，孤独的两个主要原因似乎是可能的。）可知，此处指孤独的可能原因，causes原词重现。故填causes。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 词性转换题。由第三段Labor unions, civic associations, neighborhood organizations, religious groups and other traditional sources of social unity are in steady decline.（工会、民间团体、社区组织、宗教团体等传统的社会团结力量在稳步下降。）可知，社会团结的资源在稳定地减少，steady形容词转副词steadily。故填steadily。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ - 41 -‎ 信息捕捉和词义转换题。由第四段的On the contrary, we’ve used the media system to deepen existing divisions, at both the individual and group levels.（相反，我们利用媒体系统加深了现有的个人和群体层面的分歧。）可知，与技术公司的承诺相反，现代技术导致人们分裂，所以用原词contrary或近义词opposite，首字母大写。故填Contrary/Opposite。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 信息整合题。由第四段的but when it comes to human relationships, it turns out there’s no choice but to build them the old-fashioned way, in person.（但谈及人际关系，事实证明，除了亲自建立旧式的人际关系之外，别无选择。）可知，整合信息得出，传统的面对面交流是不可取代的，也就是没有取代物可言，此处意指“替代物”，用名词substitute/replacement。故填substitute/replacement。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 信息捕捉题。由倒数第三段的if we arouse a panic over its popularity and impact, we’re less likely to treat it properly.（如果我们对它的流行和影响引起恐慌，我们就不太可能正确对待它。）可知，过度的恐慌不利于合适地处理孤独，也就是导致问题不合适的处理，此处意指“不合适的”，用形容词improper。故填improper。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 信息整合题。由倒数第二段的it’s the poor, unemployed, displaced and migrant populations that suffer most from loneliness.（穷人、失业者、流离失所者和流动人口最为孤独。）可知，整合信息得出，穷人、失业者、流离失所者和流动人口都是处于劣势的人们，此处意指“劣势”，用名词disadvantage。故填disadvantage。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 词义转换题。由最后一段的they deserve more attention and help than we’re offering today（他们值得得到比我们今天提供的更多的关注和帮助）可知，那些和社会脱节而失去联系的人们更值得关注和帮助，此处意指“值得”，deserve 可用be worthy of（值得……）代替。故填worthy。‎ 第五部分 书面表达(满分 25分)‎ ‎81.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, schools across the country have put off opening. For more than two months, students have been taking online classes at home. ‎ - 41 -‎ Su Hua: I am required to attend online classes every day and I always listen attentively to what teachers instruct. As to questions put forward by teachers, I try to answer and talk to myself, even when teachers can’t hear my voice. I can complete daily online homework as expected. Sometimes, food, or other things distract me, but I can put them away. I feel content with my everyday progress. I think the best way to learn efficiently during the extended holiday is to manage myself effectively. ‎ Li Jiang: My parents have said I attend online classes every day but do not pay attention at all. I can’t resist the temptation to play games with smartphones. Thus, it is difficult for me to finish assignments on my own. Last week, when I went back to school to take the first exam, the results were not satisfying. I feel regretful for wasting so much time but I couldn’t control myself. The root cause may lie in lack of self-discipline. ‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2. 结合上述信息，谈谈“自律”的重要性(至少两点)；‎ ‎3. 就如何培养“自律”，提出你的建议(至少两点)。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3. 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ - 41 -‎ ‎【答案】During the extended holiday, Su Hua completed various tasks on schedule while Li Jiang failed to fulfill the requirements with regret. The obvious difference shows the great importance of self-discipline.‎ Self-discipline is one of the essential qualities that contribute effectively to a person’s progress. To begin with, it is evident that students with self-discipline tend to stay focused for a longer time, which enables them to attain their goals. Moreover, self-disciplined students are liable to resist various temptations and develop a higher sense of control, thus shaping their characters.‎ To cultivate self-discipline, one first needs to divide a great goal into small plans, which will help direct his efforts on a regular basis. Secondly, it is beneficial to measure his current behavior against past performance to keep him motivated, enhancing his self-discipline. Last but not least, there is one thing to keep in mind: One discipline leads to another discipline.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读写任务。要求考生认真阅读下文信息，按要求写一篇150字左右的文章。‎ ‎【详解】本文属于读写任务。第一，要求考生归纳短文大意，提炼出讨论的中心思想；第二，要求考生就所给出的一段材料按要求写一篇作文。‎ 首先，在归纳短文大意时，注意用人称和时态，用第三人称和一般过去时及一般现在时，在30字之内。‎ 其次，在写作时注意题目要求。1.阐述观点或提供论据时, 不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。‎ - 41 -‎ 最后，这篇写作属于议论文，可以使用第三人称和一般现在时。议论文是比较容易的文体，提出一个主题，对这个主题展开讨论。对于这类文体宜采用三段式文章，第一段首先确定主题，而在这篇文章中主题已经给出，只需要对题目中所给出的段落进行概括总结；第二段可以结合文章的提示说明“自律”的重要性，并用论据对其进行说明；第三段就如何培养“自律”，提出你的建议。中间需要运用上表起承转合的连词、定语从句、名词性从句和非谓语结构等语法现象使文章富有深度、句式多变。此题目中要点给出来的并不多，需要考生头脑风暴，自由发挥，罗列要点，使文章充实起来，组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，同时在写作时要注意使用高级的词汇与高级的句型，（不要遗漏任何的要点）使用合适的连接词来连接整个文章，使文章更有条理性。‎ ‎【点睛】本文用了To begin with，Moreover，first，Secondly和Last but not least等衔接词，使得文章结构紧凑，层次分明；文中也使用了大量的从句和短语，从句如第二段中的it is evident that students with self-discipline tend to stay focused for a longer time, which enables them to attain their goals这句话中，既用了主语从句（it做形式主语，真正主语是后面的句子），也用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，短语有on schedule，contribute …to…，enable sb. to do sth.，be liable to和keep in mind等，都为文章增色不少。‎ ‎ ‎ - 41 -‎ - 41 -‎