【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习:Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote单元复习学案(19页)

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【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习:Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote单元复习学案(19页)

Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note单元复习学案 教 材 面 面 观 单词拓展 ‎1.________n.出生地;故乡 ________n.出生 ‎2.________n.小说;长篇故事 ________n.小说家 ‎3.________n.冒险 ________n.冒险家 ________adj.冒险的 ‎4.________n.一场;现场;场面;景色 ‎5.________n.商人 ________n.生意;商业 ‎6.________n.耐心 ________adj.耐心的 ‎________adv.耐心地 ‎7.________n.礼貌;举止;方式 ‎8.________vi.漫游;漫步;徘徊 ‎9.________vt. & vt.许可;允许 ________n.允许 ‎10.________vi.凝视;盯着看 ‎11.________vi.发现;认出 ‎12.________vt.寻找;探索 ‎13.________vt.尖叫 ‎14.________adj.难以置信的 ________vt.相信 ________n.信仰 ________adj.相信的 ‎15.________adj.粗鲁的;无礼貌的 ________n.粗鲁 ________adv.粗鲁地 短语回顾 ‎1.bring________       抚养;培养;教育;提出 ‎2.go________ 前进;(用于祈使句)可以;往下说 ‎3.________accident 偶然;无意中;不小心 ‎4.stare________ 盯着看;凝视 ‎5.account________ 导致;做出解释 ‎6.________the contrary 与此相反;正相反 ‎7.________a chance 冒险 ‎8.________rags 衣衫褴褛 ‎9.as________ 关于;至于 ‎10.a large amount________ 大量的 ‎11.make a________ 打赌 ‎12.be________to do sth. 正要干……‎ ‎13.be________in 迷失在……‎ ‎14.________a matter of fact 事实上 ‎15.to be________ 说实话 句型背诵 ‎1.Well,towards nightfall I________myself________ ________to sea by a strong wind.‎ 嗯,夜晚来临的时候,我发现自己被一阵强风刮进了海里。‎ ‎2.And________ ________the ship________brought you to England.‎ 是那艘船把你带到英国来的。‎ ‎3.Indeed,sir,I hope you'll come here________you like.‎ 真的,先生,我希望您想来的时候就来。‎ ‎4.His eyes stare at ________ ________ ________ of his brother's dinner on the table.‎ 他的眼睛盯着桌子上兄弟两人所剩下的(饭菜)。‎ ‎5.________ ________ ________ ________ many Americans like to eat a lot.‎ 众所周知,许多美国人喜欢吃得多。 ‎ ‎6.You must come whenever you want and have ________ ________ ________.‎ 你可以随时来,想吃什么就吃什么。‎ 自我诊断 单词拓展 ‎1.birthplace;birth 2.novel;novelist 3.adventure;adventurer;adventurous 4.scene 5.businessman;business ‎6.patience;patient;patiently 7.manner 8.wander ‎9.permit;permission 10.stare 11.spot 12.seek ‎13.scream 14.unbelievable;believe;belief;believable ‎15.rude;rudeness;rudely 短语回顾 ‎1.up 2.ahead 3.by 4.at 5.for 6.on 7.take 8.in 9.for 10.of 11.bet 12.about 13.lost 14.as 15.honest 句型背诵 ‎1.found;carried out 2.it was;that 3.whenever 4.what is left 5.It is wellknown that 6.whatever you like 考 点 串 串 讲 重点单词 ‎1.fault n.缺点,缺陷;故障;过失,过错 ‎●用法拓展 find fault (with)挑剔;找出(……的)岔子;对……吹毛求疵 find fault in看出……的缺点;找出……毛病 ‎①His greatest fault is that he talks too much.‎ 他最大的缺点是说得太多。‎ ‎②He can but admit that it was his fault.‎ 他只得承认这是他的过错。‎ ‎③The truth is, I can find no fault with her.‎ 事实是,我对她挑不出一点毛病。‎ ‎④The manager found fault in the management of his department.‎ 经理找出了他们部门管理方面的毛病。‎ ‎●易混辨析 fault, weakness与mistake fault多指性格上的弱点,行为上的过失,强调因过失所导致的应负的责任。‎ mistake指“错误;误会,误解”,多指缺乏正确理解造成行动上或认识上的错误。‎ weakness指弱点或不足之处,是通用词,很少具有特殊的词义色彩。‎ ‎①It's your fault to make such a mistake.‎ 是你的过失导致了这样的错误。‎ ‎②We all have our little weakness.‎ 我们都有小的弱点。‎ 即境活用 改错 I have no mistake to find with your work.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:mistake→fault ‎ ‎2.manner n.方法;方式;样子;态度,举止;(pl.)礼貌,规矩;风俗,习惯;生活方式 ‎①The manner of presentation is highly important.‎ 介绍的方式很重要。‎ ‎②She has written a book on the manners and customs of the ancient Egyptians.‎ 她写了一本关于古埃及人习俗的书。‎ ‎●易混辨析 method, manner, way与means 这组词都可以表示“方法”或“方式”。‎ ‎(1)method是可数名词,其后接“of+动名词”,不接不定式;特指有系统的方法、方式。‎ ‎(2)manner通常用单数形式,其后可以接“of+动名词”。主要表示个人喜欢采用的方式,而且manner不用于表示传统或习俗所形成的方式方法。‎ ‎(3)way可数名词,最通用,可以用来代替前面的任何一个词。其后可以接to do...,也可以接“of+动名词”。‎ ‎(4)means单复数形式相同,当该词前加a, this, that, every等时,表单数意义;当前面加such, these, those, all等时,表复数意义。means多指抽象的或概括性的方法。‎ ‎(5)用这种方式可用以下短语表达:in this way, with this method, by this means, in this manner ‎①They use modern methods of teaching.‎ 他们使用现代化的教学方法。‎ ‎②I don't object to what she says, but I strongly disapprove of her manner of saying it.‎ 我不反对她说的话,但我很反感她说这话的方式。‎ ‎③He always has his own way.‎ 他总是随心所欲。‎ ‎④The quickest means of travel is by plane.‎ 最快的旅行方式是乘坐飞机。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①That's the best way we should think of ________ the dying soldier.‎ A.helping        B.saving C.operating D.to save ‎②In Japan, ________ car is ________ popular means of transportation.‎ A.the; a B.a; /‎ C.the; the D.a; the 答案:①D ②A ‎ ‎3.wander vi.漫游;漫步;漂泊 ‎●用法拓展 ‎(1)wander around到处闲逛 ‎(2)wander off离开(通常应待的地方)‎ ‎①I'll just wander around the mall for half an hour.‎ 我要在商场闲逛半个小时。‎ ‎②Don't let any of the kids wander off.‎ 不要让任何一个孩子走散。‎ ‎③I'm sorry, my mind was wandering. What did you say?‎ 对不起,我有点儿走神。刚才你说什么?‎ 即境活用 完成句子 ‎①My sister likes ________ ________ the city at night.‎ 我姐姐喜欢晚上在城市闲逛。‎ ‎②Jim ________ ________ the kitchen to make breakfast.‎ 吉姆信步走进厨房做早餐。‎ ‎③It's a safe place where kids can ________ ________ on their own.‎ 这是一个安全的地方,孩子们可以随便走动。‎ 答案:①wandering around ②wandered into ③wander off ‎4.amount n.数量 v.达到,总计(~to)‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎(1)an amount of大量的……‎ ‎(2)the amount of ……的数量 ‎(3)amount to 达到,总计;等于,意味着 ‎●特别提醒 短语(1)(2)后跟不可数名词,短语(3)不能用进行时。‎ ‎①It's best to cook vegetables in a small amount of water.‎ 烹制蔬菜时最好少放水。‎ ‎②Her case has attracted an enormous amount of public sympathy.‎ 她的情况得到了无数公众的同情。‎ ‎③Dina encountered a fair amount of envy among her colleagues.‎ 黛娜遭到了不少同事的妒忌。‎ ‎④Time lost through illness amounted to 1,357 working days.‎ 因疾病而损失的时间总计达到1 357个工作日。‎ ‎⑤The court's decision amounts to a not guilty verdict.‎ 法庭的裁决等于宣判无罪。‎ ‎●易混辨析 ‎(1)amount常与不可数名词连用。large (small) amounts作主语时,谓语要用复数形式;a large (small) amount 作主语时,谓语用单数。‎ ‎(2)the number+复数名词后接单数动词。‎ ‎(3)a number of+复数名词;quantities of+复数名词或不可数名词后接复数动词。‎ 即境活用 完成句子 ‎①You should put ________ ________ ________ ________ salt in a cake.‎ 你应该在蛋糕里放少量的盐。‎ ‎②________ ________ ________ money have been spent on the prevention and cure of Aids.‎ 大量的钱花在防治艾滋病上。‎ 答案:①a small amount of ②Large amounts of ‎5.permit vt.&vi.准许;许可;容许 n.执照;许可证 Circumstances do not permit me to help you/my helping you.‎ 情况不允许我帮助你。‎ If my health permits,I will come in June.‎ 如果我的健康状况容许的话,我将在六月份来。‎ You can't work here without a work permit.‎ 你没有许可证就不能在这里工作。‎ ‎●用法拓展 permit of容许有(常用于否定句)‎ an entry permit入境证 permission n.准许,批准 The party will be held in the garden,weather permitting ‎(=if weather permits).‎ 如果天气容许的话聚会将在花园举行。‎ ‎●易混辨析 permit,allow与let 三者都含“准许”的意思。‎ permit和allow在许多情况下可以通用,但它较allow正式,含有“积极地、正面地允许”的意义。如:‎ They don't permit you to smoke.‎ 他们不允许你抽烟。‎ allow指“并不反对”或“不加阻止”,偏重“默许”或“听任”,含义较消极。如:‎ Each passenger is allowed twentyfive kilogrammes of luggage.‎ 每位旅客允许携带二十五公斤的行李。‎ let是三个词中最不正式的,较口语化,而语意最弱,指“给予可能或同意”,有时含“难以阻止或限制”之意。如:‎ Let him wait.让他等一等。‎ 即境活用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎①Are cats________(permit)in your kitchen?‎ ‎②We don't permit________(smoke)in any public areas.‎ ‎③Weather________(permit),we'll go camping.‎ 答案:①permitted ②smoking ③permitting ‎ ‎6.contrary n.反面;对立面 adj.相反的;相连的 I will go on with my work unless I get the order to the contrary.‎ 我将继续工作直到我得到反对的命令。‎ The players on the contrary side now took their places.‎ 双方运动员开始各就各位。‎ My sister's taste in dresses is contrary to my own.‎ 在服装方面,我妹妹的爱好和我完全不同。‎ ‎●用法拓展 be contrary to 与……相反 by contraries 相反地;出乎预料地 on the contrary (与此)相反,不是……而是……,反之 quite/just the contrary 恰恰相反 to the contrary 反对地,与此相反地,有相反情况 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①—I suppose your wife doesn't understand you.‎ ‎—________, she understands me very well.‎ A.Before long        B.On the contrary C.By accident D.Above all ‎②________ to what I had expected, he got lost for a second time in this city.‎ A.Against B.Possible C.Contrary D.Similar 答案:①B ②C ‎ ‎7.seek vt. & vi.寻找;探索;寻求 We sought an answer to the question, but couldn't find one.‎ 我们寻求这个问题的答案,可是没能找到。‎ We are earnestly seeking after/for the truth.‎ 我们在认真地寻找真理。‎ I will seek my doctor's advice.‎ 我将请教医生的意见。‎ ‎●用法拓展 seek shelter from rain 寻找避雨的地方 seek fame/help 求名/助 seek one's home 回家 seek one's bed 就寝 seek one's fortune 去闯天下 seek out 找出,搜出 即境活用 翻译句子 ‎①房间被彻底搜查后,发现了一点可疑(suspicious)的东西。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②他寻找机会与她说话。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:①Something suspicious was found after the room was sought through.‎ ‎②He sought to speak to her.‎ ‎8.scene n.(戏剧的)一场;(电影,电视的)一个镜头;(事件发生的)地点;现场;景色;景象。‎ The scene of this film “The Million Pound Bank Note” is set England.‎ ‎《百万英镑》这部电影的场景是在英国。‎ The robber ran away from the scene before the police arrived.‎ 警察到达前强盗就逃离了现场。‎ They couldn't tear themselves away because the mountain scene was beautiful!‎ 他们流连忘返,因为山景非常美丽!‎ ‎●易混辨析 sight,view,scenery与scene scene指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指scenery的一部分,大多包括景物中的人及活动在内。‎ scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色,尤指美丽的乡间景色。通常是不可数名词。‎ sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观,又可以指名胜、风景,只是在表示后者的含义时,必须要用复数。‎ view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分。‎ From the window of our hotel,we can get a fine view of the mountains.‎ 从旅馆的窗口我们可以看到秀丽的山景。‎ You can see a happy scene of children playing on the beach.‎ 你可以看到孩子们在海滩上玩耍的欢乐景象。‎ The scenery as one travels by boat along the Yellow River is marvelous.‎ 坐船游览黄河的时候,两岸的风景美不胜收。‎ After they got there,they decided to see the historical sights first.‎ 他们到达后,决定先游览名胜古迹。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a highrise is that you can get a good________.‎ A.sight B.scene C.view D.look 答案:C ‎9.patience n.耐心;忍耐;耐性;毅力 Learning to walk again after she was injured in the leg required great patience.‎ 腿部受伤后重新学习走路要有极大的毅力。‎ Her endless patience made her the best teacher in the primary school.‎ 她的无限的耐心使她成为这个小学最好的老师。‎ ‎●用法拓展 with patience耐心地 have no patience with不能容忍 lose patience with对……失去耐心 out of patience with对……不能忍受 be patient with对……有耐心 He was a handsome young man with patience and imagination.‎ 他是一位富于耐心和想象力的英俊男士。‎ He can make progress little by little.Please don't lose patience with him.‎ 他会逐渐进步的,请别对他丧失耐心。‎ The film star was not patient with the aggressive reporters.‎ 那位电影明星对那些死缠不休的记者们感到忍无可忍。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎—Mary,hurry up!There is little time left.‎ ‎—I am getting dressed.Have a little________.‎ A.patience B.experience C.silence D.absence 答案:A ‎10.bet n.打赌 vt.与……打赌 ‎●用法拓展 have a bet on...下赌注在……‎ do sth. for a bet为打赌而做某事 bet(sth.)on...把赌注押在……上 bet(sb.)that...打赌说……‎ I bet...我敢肯定……;我相信……‎ 即境活用 单项填空 Mom had a bet________the Yankees and won $20.‎ A.in B.on C.at D.for 答案:B have a bet on...为固定词组,意为“下赌注在……”,故应选B。‎ 重点短语 ‎1.account for 对……作出解释;说明原因;(指数量、比例等)占;捕捉,杀死,歼灭 ‎①His illness accounts for his absence.‎ 他因为生病,所以才缺席。‎ ‎②How do you account for the difference between them?‎ 你怎样解释他们之间的差异呢?‎ ‎③APEC's 21 member economies account for more than a third of the world's population and about 60% of world GDP.‎ 亚太经合组织的21个经济成员国的人口总数占世界总人口的三分之一多,国民生产总值占全球的60%。‎ ‎●用法拓展 keep an account of记录,记载 according to all accounts(=from all accounts)‎ 根据各方面所说 give an account of报告,叙述,说明 on account of=because of因为;由于 on no account=in no way绝不(置于句首,句子要部分倒装)‎ take...into account=take account of=take...into consideration考虑到;顾及 ‎①Please keep an account of how long the job takes.‎ 请记录该工作需要的时间。‎ ‎②According to all accounts, that English party was an unusual entertainment.‎ 大家都说在那个英语晚会上玩得特别开心。‎ ‎③The newspaper gave an incorrect account of the traffic accident.‎ 这报纸提出的关于交通事故的叙述是不正确的。‎ ‎④The house collapsed on account of an earthquake.‎ 房屋因地震而倒塌。‎ ‎⑤That may be OK, but we must take everything into account.‎ 那可能是不错的,但是我们必须全面考虑。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎—Jimmy had a lot of parties recently.‎ ‎—Yes, that might ________ why he didn't do well in the test.‎ A.sum up   B.add up to C.account for D.make sense of 答案:C ‎ ‎2.a large amount of许多,大量,用来修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎●用法拓展 a large amount of+不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。‎ large amounts of+不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。‎ in large amounts大量地 in small amounts少量地 ‎①A large amount of money was wasted.‎ 浪费了大量的钱。‎ ‎②Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.‎ 建造这座桥花费了大笔的钱款。‎ ‎③In addition, they have been used in large amounts in many parts of the world.‎ 此外,在世界的许多地方,他们曾被大量使用。‎ ‎●用法拓展 修饰可数名词的不定量形容词有:‎ few, a few, several, many, a number of, a great many, hundreds of, dozens of, scores of 修饰不可数名词的有:a bit of, a little, little, a great deal of, a large amount of, much 既可修饰不可数名词又可修饰可数名词的有:all, a lot of, lots of, enough, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of ‎①A good many things have happened since we left.‎ 自从我们离开以来,发生了许多事。‎ ‎②A great deal of her money goes for rent.‎ 她的钱大部分用来租房子住。‎ ‎③Our company has an office in Japan. A large quantity of our silk is sold there.‎ 我们公司在日本设有办事处,大量的丝绸在那里销售。‎ ‎●特别提醒 a lot, a great deal, much可用作副词,来修饰动词或者比较级。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①Crusoe stored ________ food in the new cave.‎ A.large quantities of    B.a great many C.a large number of D.quite a lot ‎②________ work has been done to improve the people's living standard.‎ A.Many B.A great many C.A great deal of D.A number of ‎③Maggie's house is opposite to mine; we see each other ________.‎ A.a great deal B.a lot of C.a great many D.a number of 答案:①A ②C ③A ‎ ‎3.bring up抚养;教育;培养;提出 Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.‎ 她出生后不久父母双亡,是由姑母抚养大的。‎ These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.‎ 这些问题你可在委员会中提出。‎ ‎●用法拓展 bring sth. up呕吐 bring oneself to do sth.强迫自己做某事 bring up against使面对 即境活用 单项填空 His father died when he was young,and he was________by his mother.‎ A.brought up B.brought in C.brought out D.brought about 答案:A ‎4.go ahead请吧 If you want to use the telephone,go ahead.‎ 要是你想用电话,就用吧。‎ Go ahead and do what you like.‎ 去吧,喜欢干什么就干什么。‎ ‎●用法拓展 go ahead还有以下主要用法:‎ 着手干,相当于begin to do something。‎ 取得进展;取得进步,相当于make progress。‎ 前进,相当于go forward;先走,相当于go first。‎ 继续做,常与with连用,后接名词。‎ 含有“毫不犹豫地去做”的意思,常用于口语中,其具体含义要根据句子灵活翻译。‎ Once a decision is made,you must go ahead.‎ 一旦做出了决定,你必须着手去做。‎ After they smoothed away the misunderstanding,they were going ahead fast.‎ 误解消除后,他们进展得很快。‎ Although the weather was terrible,they still went ahead.‎ 尽管天气很糟糕,他们仍然继续前进。‎ ‎—I wonder if I could use your typewriter.‎ ‎—Sure,go ahead.‎ ‎——不知是否可以用一下你的打字机。‎ ‎——没问题,请便好了。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 He has been in the class only a few weeks and he is already________.‎ A.going on B.going along C.going ahead D.going out 答案:C ‎5.stare at盯着看;凝视 ‎●用法拓展 stare sb. down盯着某人不敢再对视下去 stare sb. in the face明摆着;显而易见 stare sb. into silence盯得某人不敢吭声 stare sb. up and down=look sb. up and down上下打量某人 ‎●易混辨析 stare at,glare at,glance at与look at ‎①stare at“盯着”,表示由于吃惊、害怕、羡慕或沉思而睁大眼睛、目不转睛地注视,这种注视可能有意无意地表现出无礼或粗鲁的态度。‎ Crusoe stared at the footprint,full of fear.‎ 克鲁索盯着脚印,满心恐惧。‎ ‎②glare at“瞪眼,怒目而视”,表示由于生气而睁大眼睛用强烈的目光看,凶狠地、恐吓地注视,强调敌对或威胁。‎ Suddenly he saw two eyes glaring at him out of the darkness.‎ 突然,他看见黑暗中两道强烈的目光向他射来。‎ ‎③glance at指“瞥见,匆匆一瞥”。‎ He glanced at the dishes on the table.‎ 他瞥了一下桌子上的饭。‎ ‎④look at“看”,是最普通的,既没有吃惊、害怕、羡慕、无礼或粗鲁的态度,也没有凶狠或恐吓之意。‎ He looked at me and smiled.‎ 他望着我微笑。‎ 即境活用 用stare at,glare at,glance at或look at填空 ‎①He________his children and left in a hurry.‎ ‎②If you________the picture carefully,you can see a church in the distance.‎ ‎③They stood there,________each other,but didn't fight.‎ ‎④Children should be taught not to________foreigners.‎ 答案:①glanced at ②look at ③glaring at ④stare at ‎6.by accident 偶然地,意外地,相当于accidently。‎ We met by accident at the railway station.‎ 我们在火车站偶然相遇。‎ ‎●用法拓展 by mistake错误地;无心地 by chance偶然地,意外地 ‎①No doubt this happened by chance, but this chance made me very happy.‎ 毫无疑问这件事的发生是偶然的,但是这个偶然使我觉得非常幸福。‎ ‎②He restored the umbrella he had taken by mistake.‎ 他把拿错了的雨伞放回原处。‎ ‎●特别提醒 by accident的反义词组是on purpose, by design“故意地”。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 We hadn't planned to meet. We met ________ accident.‎ A.of        B.in C.for D.by 答案:D ‎ ‎7.as for 至于;关于 I enjoy swimming. But as for my sister, she enjoys playing tennis.‎ 我喜欢游泳。至于我妹妹,她喜欢打网球。‎ As for the hotel, it was very uncomfortable and miles from the sea.‎ 至于旅馆呢,非常不舒服,而且离海边有好几里地。‎ As for the journey, we must decide about that later.‎ 关于旅行的事,我们须以后再决定。‎ ‎●用法拓展 as to=as for关于,至于 concerning prep. 关于 as with与……一样 as it is 事实上,照现在这个样子 即境活用 单项填空 You think this is rather cheap, but ________ me, it is expensive.‎ A.as for        B.as C.as well as D.as well 答案:A ‎ 重点句式 ‎1.I wonder,Mr Adams,if you'd mind us asking a few questions.‎ 亚当斯先生,不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎(1)I wonder if(whether)you...是表示委婉请求的句子,用于较为正式的场合。译为:不知您是否……。if(whether)you'd mind us asking a few questions在句子中作wonder的宾语。‎ ‎(2)动名词复合结构由“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+doing”构成,该结构在句子中能作主语、表语和宾语。在现代英语中,动名词复合结构作宾语时,其名词多用普通格,形容词性物主代词多用代词的宾格。mind us asking...就属于这种情况。如:‎ ‎①用作主语 Your winning the gold medal excited the whole family.‎ 你获得金牌令全家人都很兴奋。‎ ‎②用作宾语 I apologized for my(me)coming late.‎ 我迟到了,向你道歉。‎ ‎③用作表语 What worried the child was his not being allowed to play computer games even ‎ in holidays.‎ 使那个孩子不安的是即使在假期也不允许他玩电子游戏。‎ 即境活用 翻译句子 ‎①你介意我走近一点与你说话吗?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②他受伤正是他缺席的原因。(v.ing作主语)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:①Do you mind my coming nearer to talk to you?‎ ‎②His getting hurt accounted for his absence.‎ ‎2.Well,towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.‎ 哦,到傍晚时,我发觉自己被一阵大风刮到海里去了。‎ ‎●用法拓展 find+宾语+done发现某人/某物被……。如:‎ When he came back,he found the door locked.‎ 他回来时发现门被锁了。‎ The pretty girl found herself surrounded by many people when she came to herself.‎ 那位漂亮的女孩醒过来时,发现自己被许多人围着。‎ ‎●用法拓展 常用短语还有:‎ find oneself doing sth.发现自己(不知不觉或没有预先的)做某事 find oneself in/at...发现自己处于(某地或者某种情况中)。如:‎ Peter,who was usually shy,found himself talking to girls.‎ 彼得通常很害羞,但却发现自己不知不觉中已在跟女孩说话。‎ 即境活用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎①I got a new job,but quickly I found it________(bore).‎ ‎②I found the store in which I wanted to buy something________(close).‎ ‎③Although she failed the exam,we couldn't find her________(depress).‎ 答案:①boring ②closed ③depressed ‎ ‎3.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning.‎ 我都不知道是否能活到早晨。‎ ‎●用法拓展 ‎(1)whether I could survive是know的宾语从句,意思是“是否能活到”。‎ ‎(2)until/till在肯定句中意思是“一直到……(为止)”,在否定句中意思是“到……才;在……之前”。他们后面可接从句、名词、介词短语或副词。‎ ‎●特别提醒 判断until/till的意义要看主句中的谓语动词,如果是延续性动词,句子是肯定句,那么until/till的意思是“一直到……(为止)”;如果是瞬间动词,句子是否定句,那么till/until的意思是“到……才;在……之前”。如:‎ They kept talking until midnight.‎ 他们一直谈话到深夜(为止)。‎ We won't take any action until you come back.‎ 在你回来之前我们不会采取任何行动。‎ 即境活用 翻译句子 ‎①直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎②在他父亲给他在加拿大找到差事前,他一直在香港工作。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎③她战前是个银行职员。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:①I didn't wake up until I heard the alarm clock.‎ ‎②He worked in Hong Kong until his father found him a job in Canada.‎ ‎③She was a bank clerk until the war.‎ ‎4.The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.‎ 第二天早上,我正感到绝望时,一艘海船发现了我。‎ ‎●用法拓展 句中when是并列连词,而不是引导时间状语从句的从属连词。‎ when作并列连词时,相当于and then或and just at that time,往往表示一件事正在发生、即将发生或刚刚完成,而就在那时又发生了另一件事。常带有“突然”之意,可译为“正要……,突然……”,“正在……,这时……”或“刚刚……,这时……”。常用句型有:‎ be (just) about to do...when...正要……,突然……‎ be on the point of doing sth....when...正要……,突然……‎ be doing...when...正在……,突然……‎ be on the way to...when...正在……,这时……‎ had just done...when...刚刚……,这时……‎ ‎①They were just about to steal into the house, when a police car came and some policemen jumped off.‎ 他们正要溜进屋去,此时一辆警车开来,几名警察跳了下来。‎ ‎②We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.‎ 我们正在湖里游泳,这时下起了暴雨。‎ ‎ ③He was on the way home when a stranger stopped him.‎ 他正在回家的路上,这时有个陌生人拦住了他。‎ ‎④He had made up his mind when George came and told him something new.‎ 他刚下决心,这时乔治就来告诉他一些新情况。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎①I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ________ I heard the steps.‎ A.while        B.when C.since D.after ‎②He had walked three or four miles ________ he saw a cart, full of hay, by the side of the road.‎ A.while B.when C.the moment D.unless 答案:①B ②B ‎ ‎5.It is wellknown that many Americans like to eat a lot.‎ 众所周知,许多美国人喜欢吃得多。‎ It is wellknown that...众所周知……,在该句中it作形式主语,代替后面的that从句。‎ It is wellknown that football is played in almost all the countries in the world.‎ 众所周知,几乎世界上所有的国家都踢足球。‎ It is wellknown that Liu Xiang quit the race because of his injury.‎ 众所周知,刘翔由于伤病退出了比赛。‎ ‎●用法拓展 as we all know...和as is wellknown都是非限制性定语从句,as是关系代词,在句中分别作宾语和主语。‎ What is wellknown is...,what引导的是主语从句。‎ As we all know,the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.‎ 我们都知道,第29届奥运会是在北京召开的。‎ As is wellknown,China is developing rapidly in the past ten years.‎ 众所周知,在过去的十年里中国发展迅速。‎ What is wellknown is that more and more students are interested in his lessons.‎ 众所周知,越来越多的学生对他的课感兴趣。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎________that“Prison Break” is one of the best TV series in the world.‎ A.It is wellknown B.As is wellknown C.As it is wellknown to all D.What is wellknown to all 答案:A ‎6.Indeed,sir,I hope you'll come here whenever you like.‎ 真的,先生,我希望您想来的时候就来。‎ whenever conj.“在任何时候,无论何时”,引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎●用法拓展 whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever,however,whenever,wherever这些疑问词+ever可以引导让步状语从句。其中whoever,whichever,whatever也可以引导名词性从句。‎ ‎①whenever“在任何时候;无论何时”‎ Tom will come and see me whenever he comes to our company.‎ 每逢汤姆来我们公司,他都会来看我。‎ ‎②whoever“无论谁……;不管谁……”‎ a.引导状语从句 I won't believe it whoever told you that.‎ 不论谁告诉你的,我都不相信。‎ b.引导名词性从句 I'll take whoever wants to go there.‎ 谁去我就带他去。‎ ‎③whatever“所……的任何事情;无论什么;不管什么”‎ a.引导名词性从句,相当于anything that,意思是“所……的任何事情”,在语气上比what更加强调。‎ Whatever she did was right.‎ 她所做的一切都是对的。‎ Take whatever you want.‎ 你想要什么就拿什么吧。‎ b.引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter what,意思是“无论什么”,whatever在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。‎ Whatever happens,you mustn't lose heart.‎ 无论发生什么事情,你都不要丧失信心。(作主语)‎ Whatever you do,do it well.‎ 无论你做什么事情都要把它做好。(作宾语)‎ Whatever I am,it is useful to know several foreign languages.‎ 无论我干什么,懂几门外语总是有用的。(作表语)‎ You have to go on whatever difficulties you meet.‎ 不管遇到什么困难你都得进行下去。(作定语)‎ ‎④however“不管怎样……;无论如何……”‎ a.作连接副词,相当于no matter how,引导让步状语从句,意思是“无论……”,具体结构为:however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。‎ However rich people are,they always seem anxious to take more money.‎ 无论人们有多富裕,他们似乎总是渴望得到更多的钱。‎ b.作连词,引导让步状语从句,意思是“怎么样都行”。‎ In one's own home one can act however he wishes.‎ 在自己家里一个人想干什么都行。‎ however作副词,意为“然而”,不能引导从句。‎ We thought the figures were correct.However,we have now discovered some errors.‎ 我们原以为这些数据是正确的。然而,现在却发现一些错误。‎ 即境活用 单项填空 Eat________cake you like and leave the others for________comes in late.‎ A.any;no matter who B.every;whomever C.whichever;whoever D.either;who 答案:C 根据句子结构分析,两处都是宾语从句。A项中的no matter who不能引导名词性从句;B项中whomever不在从句中作主语;D项中who表示疑问的意义,况且,它不像whoever那样在主句和从句中都充当成分。‎ ‎7.Well,to be honest,I have none.‎ 哦,老实说,我一分钱都没有了。‎ ‎●用法拓展 to be honest=honestly speaking,意为“老实说,说实话”。‎ 在句子中作独立成分,常见的这一类插入语有:‎ to tell(you)the truth说实话 to make matters worse更糟糕的是 to begin with首先 believe it or not信不信由你 judging from...根据……判断 generally speaking一般来说 to one's surprise/joy/disappointment 令某人吃惊/高兴/失望的是 strangely enough(=strange to say)说来奇怪 what is important...重要的是……‎ what's more而且,更有甚者 given...考虑到……‎ considering...考虑到/鉴于……‎ seeing that...考虑到……‎ suppose/supposing...假设……‎ assuming...假设……‎ provided/providing...如果……;只要……‎ 即境活用 单项填空 ‎________,some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.‎ A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely C.Strange enough D.Enough strange 答案:A strangely enough=strange to ‎ say,意为“真奇怪,说来奇怪”,在句子中作状语,故选A。‎ 知 能 层 层 练 一、单项填空 ‎1.He couldn't ________ the reason why the money was found in his room.‎ A.answer for        B.account for C.speak of D.result from 答案:B 解析:account for“说明;解释”。answer for...“对……负责”;speak of“谈及”;result from“起因于”。‎ ‎2.They offered ________ prices for her paintings, which made her parents and teacher surprised but happy.‎ A.unbelievable B.acceptable C.agreeable D.sociable 答案:A 解析:由非限制性定语从句可知该价格是高的让人难以相信,故unbelievable符合题意。‎ ‎3.As there was not much chance to find good jobs in their hometown, a lot of young people tried to ________ their fortune in cities.‎ A.find B.find out C.seek D.look 答案:C 解析:seek“寻找”,seek one's fortune“碰运气”。find“找到”,强调找到的结果;find out“找出;查明”;look意为“看”,后接宾语需加介词at。‎ ‎4.Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and entertaining, many people do not have the ________ to read a book that requires thinking.‎ A.courage B.wisdom C.patience D.freedom 答案:C 解析:patience“耐心”,符合题意。‎ ‎5.In his own restaurant,he would immediately fire any employee who was ‎ ________ to a customer.‎ A.rude B.considerate C.accessible D.selfish 答案:A 解析:be rude to...“对……粗鲁的”,为固定搭配。‎ ‎6.After the explosion, the factory was a(n) ________ of total confusion.‎ A.scene B.situation C.view D.occasion 答案:A 解析:scene常指展现在眼前的情景或场面,包括人和物在内。situation“情形;境遇”;view指人以一定的角度所看到的景色;occasion“场合”。‎ ‎7.In order to become successful, you must first explore your talents and get to know yourself so as to find out ________ your real interest lies.‎ A.that B.which C.what D.where 答案:D 解析:分析句子成分可知,lie后缺少地点状语,故用where引导的find out的宾语从句。‎ ‎8.Your ability has never been in doubt—the question is ________ you are prepared to work hard.‎ A.that B.whether C.if D.how 答案:B 解析:whether引导表语从句,表示不确定的事,符合题意。that引导名词性从句在从句中不充当任何成分;if不引导表语从句;how表示方式。‎ ‎9.I think she hurt feelings on purpose rather than ________ as she claimed.‎ A.by design B.by accident C.by choice D.by mistake 答案:B 解析:by accident“无意地;偶然地”,与on purpose“故意地”意思相反,符合题意。‎ ‎10.—Can I ask you a few questions?‎ ‎—________.‎ A.Don't mention it B.Take it easy C.You are welcome D.Go right ahead 答案:D 解析:go ahead常用于对别人提出的请求给予肯定的回答,意为“请便”,符合语境。‎ 二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。(每空一词)‎ ‎1.你认识那个衣衫褴褛的人吗?‎ Do you know the person who ________ ________ ________?‎ ‎2.尽管他被告知在那儿很难找到工作,但他仍然决定去冒险。‎ Though he was told it was hard to find a job there, he still decided to ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎3.关于聚会要用的食物,都在置办当中。‎ ‎________ ________ food for the party, that's all being taken care of.‎ ‎4.他无法说明他旷课的原因。‎ He could not ________ ________ his absence from school.‎ ‎5.他偶然发现了弟弟藏宝的地方。‎ ‎________ ________, he found the place where his brother had hidden the treasure.‎ 答案:1.is in rags 2.take a chance 3.As for 4.account for ‎5.By accident 三、每空填一词,使上下两句的意思相同或相近 ‎1.When he walked down the street, he heard his named called.‎ ‎________ along the street, he heard someone ________ his name.‎ ‎2.When he came to himself, he found he had been taken to hospital.‎ When he came to himself, he found ________ ________ ________ hospital.‎ ‎3.Do you mind if I open the window?‎ Would you mind ________ ________ the window?‎ ‎4.To tell you the truth, I've no money on hand.‎ ‎________ ________ ________, I've no money on hand.‎ ‎5.It wasn't a good thing but a huge mistake.‎ It wasn't a good thing; ________ ________ ________ it was a huge mistake.‎ 答案:1.Walking; calling 2.himself taken to 3.my/me opening 4.To be honest 5.on the contrary 四、用适当的连接词填空 ‎1.I am surprised ________ he has left without saying goodbye.‎ ‎2.I don't know ________ you've got in the box.‎ ‎3.Please tell me ________ the word“super”comes from.‎ ‎4.Please find out ________ the education system has undergone great changes.‎ ‎5.There were times when I wondered ________ or not we would get there.‎ ‎6.That's ________ we have to take all these tests before joining the final competition.‎ ‎7.Will you tell me ________ I should dress for this job interview?‎ ‎8.I don't know ________ on earth would live in such a lonely place.‎ ‎9.The problem is ________ we can get enough food.‎ ‎10.He asked ________ keys were on the kitchen counter.‎ 答案:1.that 2.what 3.where 4.when/why 5.whether ‎6.why 7.how 8.who 9.whether/how 10.whose/whether 五、根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子 ‎1.我们不允许人们在这里吵闹。(permit)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.他在会上提出了这个问题。(bring up)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.他很高,在人群中一眼就能被看见。(spot)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.尽管四处寻找,也没有找到治疗这种病的特效药。(seek)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:1.We don't permit people to make a noise here.‎ ‎2.He brought the matter up at the conference/meeting.‎ ‎3.He is very tall and can be easily spotted in the crowd.‎ ‎4.The special medicine for the disease wasn't found though sought everywhere.‎ 写 作 点 点 金 写作专题指导六 通知 技巧点拨 通知是一种常用的应用文体,用来把有关事情告知特定的读者或听众。通知的正文就是通告的内容,这是主体部分,包括通告的对象、事由、时间、地点等。它分为书面通知和口头通知两种,这两种通知在格式上有较大差别。‎ 一、书面通知的格式 书面通知通常由开头词(Notice)、通知正文、发通知者的名称、发通知的日期这四个部分组成。其基本写法是:‎ ‎1.正文上方中间处写标志(Notice)或NOTICE。当发出单位的名称写在通知标志前面,且通知单位名称的各字母大写时,通知标志用NOTICE;若通知单位的名称只有名词的第一个字母大写时,通知标志就用Notice。标志后可以有编号,也可以没有编号。‎ ‎2.正文的右下角是发通知的单位名称(个人则用名字)。若以文件形式通知,则要把发出通知的单位名称写在正文和通知标志的上面。如果发通知的单位名称已用作正文的开头,最后就不再署名。‎ ‎3.发出通知的日期一般写在左下角,并低于发通知单位所在的那一行的位置。‎ ‎4.通知的正文一般含有三点内容:通知事项、时间及地点。通知要求开门见山。简明扼要地把出席对象、注意事项和要求写清楚。‎ ‎5.发出通知的单位和通知的对象一般都用第三人称,但正文前面若已用称呼语,那么就应该用第二人称表示被通知的对象。‎ 二、书面通知常用语 书面通知的时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主,书面通知的语言多用祈使句和简单句,以使读者对通知的内容一目了然。‎ 书面通知常用语有:‎ Notice is here by given that...‎ A lecture will be given on the history of Britain by Prof. Smith from Harvard University.‎ Please be here.  Be sure to attend on time.‎ Everybody is expected to attend... The meeting will be put off till...‎ 三、口头通知常用语 口头通知与书面通知在格式上完全不同,它有称呼语、开头语、引出话题语、正文、结束语。‎ ‎1.称呼语 口头通知必须有称呼语。‎ Ladies and gentlemen. Dear schoolmates/classmates.‎ ‎2.开头语 在通知的开头通常用以下用语,以便引起听话人的注意。‎ May I have your attention, please?‎ Please be quiet, everyone!‎ Be quiet, please.‎ Attention, please, everyone.‎ Listen, please.‎ Attention, please, ladies and gentlemen!‎ ‎3.引出话题语 在开始发布通知前常用以下开场白:‎ There is something important I have to tell you.‎ I have something important to tell you.‎ There is going to be a...‎ ‎4.结束语 在通知结束时,常用以下结束语。‎ That's all. Thank you.‎ So much for it. Thank you.‎ Any questions?‎ Does everyone understand?‎ 示范训练 你校学生会将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会,要在学校广播中宣布此事,并欢迎大家参加。为使美国朋友听懂,请你用英语写一篇广播通知。要点如下:‎ 宗旨:欢迎来访的美国朋友 组织者:学生会 时间:8月15日(星期六)晚7:30‎ 地点:主楼屋顶花园 活动内容:音乐、跳舞、唱歌、游戏、交换小礼品(请包装好、签名并在包装外面写上祝愿词)‎ 注意:1.词数:100左右;‎ ‎2.应包括以上要点,但不要逐字翻译,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文;‎ ‎3.开头语已为你写好;‎ ‎4.参考词汇:交换礼品 exchange gifts 学生会 the Students' Union 范例 Ladies and gentlemen,‎ May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make.The Students' Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening,August 15,to welcome our friends from the United States.The party will be held in the roof garden of the Main Building.It will begin at 7:30 p.m.There will be music,dancing,singing,games and exchange of gifts.Will everybody please bring along a small gift for this purpose?Remember to wrap it up,sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.‎ There will be a lot of fun.Everybody is welcome.You will exchange gifts with foreign friends.‎ Don't forget to come on time.‎
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