题型04+阅读理解（模拟）-备战2018年高考英语之新题型五合一考前冲关计划

题型04+阅读理解（模拟）-备战2018年高考英语之新题型五合一考前冲关计划

题型四 名校模拟 题组一（应用文）‎ Passage1（2018届河南省中原名校高三第三次质量考评）‎ OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Antlia Pneumatica In a new play by Anne Washburn, directed by Ken Rus Schmoll, a group of estranged friends gather at a Texas farm house to bury one of their peers. (Peter Jay Sharp, 416 W. 42nd St. 212-279-4200. In previews.)‎ Bright Star Steve Martin and Edie Brickell wrote this bluegrass-and-Americana musical, in which a magazine editor meets a soldier returning from the Second World War. Walter Bobbie directs. (Cort, 138 W. 48th St. 212-239-6200. In previews.)‎ The Crucible Ivo van Hove directs Arthur Miller’s classic drama about the Salem witch trials, starring Saoirse Ronan, Ben Whishaw, Ciaran Hinds, and Sophie Okonedo. (Walter Kerr, 219 W. 48th St. 212-239-6200. In previews.)‎ Dry Powder John Krasinski, Claire Danes, and Hank Azaria star in Sarah Burgess’s play, in which an executive at a private-equity firm (私人股本公司) tries to rebound from a P.R. disaster. Thomas Kail directs. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555. In previews. Opens Oct. 28, 2017)‎ The Father Frank Langella stars in a play by the French writer Florian Zeller, translated by Christopher Hampton and directed by Doug Hughes for Manhattan Theatre Club, about an eighty-year-old man who is losing his grip on his own life story. (Samuel J. Friedman, 261 W. 47th St. 212-239-6200. Previews ‎ begin Oct. 28, 2017)‎ ‎1.If you’re interested in American music, where can you get entertained?‎ A. Peter Jay Sharp, 416 W. 42nd St. B. Cort, 138 W. 48th St.‎ C. Walter Kerr, 219 W. 48th St. D. Public, 425 Lafayette St.‎ ‎2.If you want to preview a play now, which of the following is not available?‎ A. Bright Star B. The Crucible ‎ C. Dry Powder D. The Father ‎3.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ________ .‎ A. inform B. entertain ‎ C. persuade D. describe ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要是向读者介绍四部影片。‎ ‎1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Bright Star中的“Steve Martin and Edie Brickell wrote this bluegrass-and-Americana musical”及“Cort, 138 W. 48th St. 212-239-6200. In previews.”可知，可以在Cort, 138 W. 48th St. 欣赏美国音乐，故B项正确。‎ Passage2（2018届山西省太原市高三第三次模拟）‎ Dear Parents:‎ I’m delighted that you are considering the British International School for your children’s education. Our school offers first class international education delivered by experienced, highly qualified and professional staff.‎ We aim to provide a high quality British-style education characterized by:‎ The arrangement of the English National Curriculum to meet the needs of international and local students and offering an insight into the local culture.‎ High quality teaching provided by international and local staff.‎ A broad personal development of students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect.‎ A recognition of the school-parent partnership in the successful education of the children.‎ An acknowledge that all students are individuals who deserve an environment to help realize their academic and other potential, thereby preparing them for their chosen continued education and career.‎ A safe, caring, happy and stimulating environment benefiting from high quality facilities.‎ Our school provides an effective framework for education through a broad, balanced, and monitored curriculum. As students advance through the school, we ensure that their needs are met through progressive teaching and learning. Although our curriculum is based upon the National Curriculum for England, it is adapted as appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body. Thus, we strive for the development of transferable skills through the years of school, as well as the acquisition of a broad body of knowledge.‎ Students are given opportunities to develop many skills. These include skills in language, in science, technology and mathematics, in the aesthetic(审美的) and creative fields of music, drama and art, and in physical education.‎ We insist that students act in a responsible manner toward all members of society. Throughout the school, students are taught to distinguish between right and wrong and show consideration for others. The qualities of honesty, kindness and good manners are always encouraged. Our friendly atmosphere provides a secure and happy environment in which children can grow and flourish as Individuals and valued members of the school family.‎ ‎1.What do you think the author is?‎ A.A school principal B. An exchange student.‎ C. An assistant professor D. An experienced lecturer.‎ ‎2.Why does the school change its curriculum when necessary?‎ A. To develop some good students’ skills.‎ B. To meet the needs of different students.‎ C. To offer an insight into the local culture.‎ D. To help students realize their potential.‎ ‎3.Which of the following about the students is NOT mentioned in the passage?‎ A. Manners B. Self-discipline ‎ C. Qualities. D. Independence.‎ ‎4.What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A. The author thinks schools and parents play an important role in teaching.‎ B. The author is stressing that responsibility is the most important thing for a student.‎ C. The author is encouraging more parents to send their children to this school.‎ D. The author implies students become valued people without a friendly atmosphere.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇英国国际儿童教育学校的招生广告，介绍了这所学校的教育目标、课程设置、教学理念等信息。‎ upon the National Curriculum for England, it is adapted as appropriate, to ensure suitability for our diverse student body.”可知，学校课程设置和改变目的都在于适应学生的发展。故选B。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章中“A broad personal development of students that encourages independence, confidence, tolerance, good manners and respect. The qualities of honesty, kindness and good manners are always encouraged.”可知，A、C、D三项内容都在文章中提到了。故选B。‎ Passage3（2018届河南省豫西南部分示范性高中高三第一学期联考 ）‎ Oliver and the Seawigs by Philip Reeve Published by OUP Press ISBN: 978-0-192-73455-6‎ Oliver grew up in a family of explorers—but his biggest adventure is about to begin! Along with his new friends, Oliver goes off to look for his missing parents.‎ I really like this book because it’s not one of those short stories that are over too quickly, but a longish book that takes time to read. I recommend this book and give it 5 stars.‎ Ginny, age 8‎ Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story by Anne Lavis Published by A H Stockwell ISBN: 978-0-722-34327-2‎ Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (古怪的), but she is never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the animals round about are her friends too.‎ My lovely daughter Alice likes all the pictures of the animals in this book, but she doesn’t ‎ like it when the pages have lots of writing on with no pictures. Alice rates this book 2 out of 5.‎ Alice, age 4‎ I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER)‎ by Salma Koraytem Published by Orion Books ISBN: 978-1-444-00844-9‎ Early Readers are stepping stones from picture books to reading books. A blue Early Reader is perfect for sharing and reading together.‎ This book makes my sweetheart Lucie feel lovely inside and the drawing are not as good because the colors are not bright like other books. Lucie rates this book 3 out of 5.‎ Lucie, age 4‎ A Royal Fairytale by Ink Robin Published by Egmont ISBN: 978-1-405-26843-1‎ See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.‎ My little angel Amy likes the book. The best parts are the wedding and fireworks as she likes fireworks and the colors on the page are really bright. Amy rates it 4 out of 5.‎ Amy, age 4‎ ‎1.Which book might an animal lover prefer?‎ A. A Royal Fairytale.‎ B. Oliver and the Seawigs.‎ C. Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story.‎ D. I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER).‎ ‎2.Who likes bright colors?‎ A. Ginny and Alice. B. Lucie and Amy.‎ C. Ginny and Amy. D. Alice and Lucie.‎ ‎3.Whose book shows romance and happiness?‎ A. Philip Reeve. B. Anne Lavis.‎ C. Salma Koraytem. D. Ink Robin.‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇文章为读者推荐了一些书。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。由This book makes my sweetheart Lucie feel lovely inside and the drawing are not as good because the colors are not bright like other books.以及The best parts are the wedding and fireworks as she likes fireworks and the colors on the page are really bright.可知Lucie 和Amy喜欢明亮的颜色，选B。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】细节理解题。由See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.可知Ink Robin的书表现了快乐和浪漫，选D。‎ 题组二（记叙文）‎ Passage1（2017届河北衡水中学高三七调）‎ ‎ Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.‎ When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; ＂high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.＂ Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.‎ Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.‎ The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.‎ ‎1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .‎ A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow B. there were no people living in the western part of America C.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains D. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States ‎2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .‎ A. has changed a lot since 1805 ‎ B.is the meeting point of three cultures C. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago ‎ D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit ‎3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably .‎ A. two native Indians ‎ B. explorers of the early 19th century C. merchants who did business with the Indians D. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass ‎4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .‎ A. was attempting the impossible ‎ B. was trying to set a world record C. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark ‎ D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks ‎【文章大意】本文纪录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气、路程等的艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的描述，以及第三段the explorers who braved its hardships and ‎ the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred的提示可知，他们是探险者，故选B。‎ ‎4.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，作者他们是沿着Lewis and Clark的足迹进行探险的。‎ Passage2（2018届山西省实验中学高三年级模考）‎ Taylore is a kid who passes by to ride sometimes and help us with chores. Barely 15, she’s never short of advice, and one of her favorite pastimes is teasing me about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎ Last summer four of us rode down the trail behind our woods: my wife Karen, Taylore, Taylore’s friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-old, Tawny.‎ ‎ We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,　I pushed Tawny into a gallop（飞驰）. The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.‎ ‎ Taylore brushed past my left leg and, seconds later, Kendall went by on my right. I realized Tawny was covering ground faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her body to catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding over a mountain road without brakes (闸). Part of me felt perfectly in control, while another part screamed that I wasn’t.‎ ‎ In half a mile I knew we’d be crossing the highway, so I prayed that the girls would be fine. I gave up calculating how long it might take before my horse would be tried enough to want to slow down.‎ ‎ I was just about out of answers when I saw the girls slowing in front of me. Their horses were relaxed and comfortable, not even breathing hard. Taylore’s face glowed. She gave me a high five. ＂Wow, you did well, ＂she said. ＂ I knew you’d go fast when you were ready.＂‎ ‎ No one in the group had even broken a sweat, except me. I was still nervous from the crazy pace. My heart pounded too, but not from exercise. Karen claims I was showing off for the girls that day, and maybe she’s right. But I think I had something to prove. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling young at heart. And, like a horse on a warm summer day, I’m always ready to kick up my heels.‎ ‎1. How did the race between the girls and the author begin?‎ ‎ A. His horse’s gallop made the other horses want to catch up.‎ ‎ B. He wanted to show off his riding skills for the girls.‎ ‎ C. They wanted to know whose horse could run fastest.‎ ‎ D. They teased him about being afraid to go too fast on a horse.‎ ‎2. During the race, ___________.‎ A. the author’s horse outran the girl’s horses the whole time B. the author was confident that Tawny was in control C. the girls were so anxious to win that they sweated a lot D. the author’s good performance took Taylore by surprise ‎3. When the race ended, the author’s heart pounded because ________.‎ A. he was feeling thrilled and young B. it was really tough exercise for him C. he was worried that the girls might be in danger D. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lost the race ‎4. The phrase ＂ kick up my heels＂ at the end can be replaced by _________.‎ A. devote myself ‎ B. enjoy myself C. accept my challenge ‎ D. take part in running competition ‎【文章大意 ‎】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋，也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。‎ ‎1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的＂We were two miles from home when, for some unexplainable reason,I pushed Tawny into a gallop(飞驰). The other horses were anxious to catch up, and just like that, the race was on.＂可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。‎ ‎4. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的＂like a horse on a warm summer day,＂可知，作者感觉 自己像温暖夏日的马，总是准备好享受一番。故选B。‎ Passage3（2018届山西省运城市高三上学期期中考试）‎ My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up situations, and is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants. “Girls rule, boys drool.” But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.‎ This has been challenging for me at times. “Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids’ triathlon（三项全能）.‎ On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son’s birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she’d need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times.‎ ‎ She was nervous but trying to keep it together.‎ And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared. My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.‎ I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.‎ All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.‎ Shine on, sweet baby.‎ ‎1.Kelly is nervous when ________.‎ A. boys are around her B. she changes into a leader C. she is away from her mom D. situations are new to her ‎2.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that______.‎ A. the race began in the early morning B. Kelly was eager for her turn in the race C. the whole family gave Kelly support D. her brother’s birthday party was delayed.‎ ‎3.In the ending paragraphs the author “felt like I won that day” because Kelly________.‎ A. Took part in the sport B. Expressed love to her C. Won the gold medal D. Changed completely ‎4.What kind of person do you think Kelly is?‎ A. Timid and determined B. Cute and confident C. Fearful and energetic D. Sociable and brave ‎【文章大意】本文讲述了“我”的女儿Kelly是个慢热型的人,和陌生人在一起她会很紧张很害羞，看到女儿赢得奖牌是作为父母最大的荣耀。‎ ‎1.D 【解析】考查文章细节理解，根据文章中第一段所描述的She needs to warm up to situations，is hesitant to try new things以及But when that comfort zone is not around her，she is shy and nervous.，可知Kelly是一个慢热型的人，如果有新的情况，必然需要一段较长的时间适应，故选D。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.和倒数第二段最后一句It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.由此可知Kelly有点害羞，又意志坚定。故选A。‎ 题组三（说明文）‎ Passage1（2018届 山东省滨州市高三上学期期中考试）‎ Vinegar makes salad,fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planet’s population survive climate change.‎ Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the world’s supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.‎ After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water completely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.‎ It’s hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. "In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the world—rice, wheat and maize—and the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.‎ Kim also told the magazine he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isn’t as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. "Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some companies, to make a method to apply this system, "he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.‎ ‎1.What is the article mainly about? .‎ A. The world’s food supply will be increased. ‎ B. Plants better survive droughts.‎ C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. ‎ D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.‎ ‎2.It was discovered that acetate can .‎ A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the Arabidopsis C. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil ‎3.What are the target plants of the experiment?‎ A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.‎ C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.‎ ‎4.Jong Myong Kim’s experiment of trying out the method .‎ A. can make people’s trips pleasant B. turned out a worldwide success C. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plants D. appeals to many flower growing companies ‎【文章大意】 本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。‎ ‎1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后“The discovery was …the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in ‎ drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）—the main component of vinegar.”及第三段“by adding acetate to the soil of other plants,… had survived,”分析可知研究人员发现Arabidopsis中的主要成分Arabidopsis能让植物在干旱的条件下生存，故选C。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Kim…he’s already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing companies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。故选D。‎ Passage2（2018届河南省豫南豫北名校高三精英联赛 ）‎ Pollution’s great effects on the environment have become more obvious in recent years, leading to a movement to promote energy efficiency（效率）,less reliance on fossil（化石) fuels, and a reduction in air and water pollution. Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm.‎ The construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollution. In the United States, building and development account for 39% of the country’s total energy use, 12% of total water consumption,68% of total electricity consumption and 38% of carbon dioxide emissions（二氧化碳排放）, according to the Environment Protection Agency.‎ Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, and go to school in than standard buildings. Builders of green buildings use techniques that use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle—construction, restoration, operation, maintenance（维护）and demolition（拆毁）—than those who construct more regular buildings.‎ The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the ‎ protection of natural resources. Green buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and improve indoor air quality, improving the health of people who live in such buildings.‎ The process of building green includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mind. Building designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings, reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials over long distances.‎ Careful site selection is important to minimize（最小化）human impact on the surrounding environment. For example, placing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes（微风）and sunlight can reduce energy use and expenses. More energy and expense are needed for larger buildings as well, so it is important to build small.‎ Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost. These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.‎ Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as solar power, hydropower（水能）and wind power are used for heat and electricity, which greatly reduces costs and decreases the impact on the environment.‎ ‎1.What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The necessity of promoting energy efficiency.‎ B. The process of building green buildings.‎ C. The benefits and features of green buildings.‎ D. Green buildings effects on the environment.‎ ‎2.According to the text, green buildings refer to the buildings that______.‎ A. produce no waste B. only use clean energy C. are made of recycled materials D. use energy and resources more efficiently ‎3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about green buildings?‎ A. They rely on fossil fuels and solar power for heat and electricity.‎ B. Small buildings are less efficient in energy use than larger ones.‎ C. The ecosystem has to be considered when building a green building.‎ D. They are difficult to maintain and thus need more operating costs.‎ ‎8.Why are green roofs used ?‎ A. They fit the surrounding environment well B. They are cheaper than other kinds of roofs C. They can keep natural water for use in everyday life D. They can help to control the temperature in the building well ‎【文章大意】在本文中作者主要分析了green building的诸多好处和对环境的巨大的保护作用，呼吁人们多建设这样的绿色的建筑。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。本文第三段中Green buildings use less energy, water, create less waste, and are healthier to live, work, or go to school in than standard buildings. Green buildings use resources more properly during the entire building cycle than traditional building.和倒数第二段第一句Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and cost.倒数第一段第一句Other features of green buildings often include energy and water conservation, recycling, and waste reduction.可知本文主要讲述的是Green buildings的很多的好处和特征。故C正确。‎ ‎3.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of ecosystems（生态系统）and biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams, and the protection of natural resources.由此可知，建造绿色建筑时必须考虑生态系统。故选C。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段These roofs are partly or completely covered with plants, which helps to keep heating and cooling costs, prevent water running off and deal with pollutants.可知，他们可以帮助控制大楼里的温度。故选D。‎ Passage3（2018届吉林省百校联盟高三TOP20十一月联考）‎ A new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.‎ The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. It is being trialed in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a few years.‎ The bin, designed by start-up company Bin.E, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it compresses the waste so it occupies less space.‎ It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. Matt Thomas, a buyer at John Lewis, gave us the reason, “We’ve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone. We have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability. In response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/winter season-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home."‎ Bin. E’s official release on the market will take place in 2018. However, at first only a ‎ larger version designed for offices will be available. The office bin will sell at £ 430 while customers will need to pay a £ 107 subscription fee for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. A spokesman at Bin. E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.‎ They added: “After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and later the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.”‎ ‎1.What do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph?‎ A. It works automatically.‎ B. It has been used widely.‎ C. It is easy to operate.‎ D. It is very expensive.‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. The waste. B. The camera.‎ C. The bin. D. The sensor.‎ ‎3.Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?‎ A. To change people’s behaviour,‎ B. To satisfy increasing demands.‎ C. To popularize new technology.‎ D. To make them more famous.‎ ‎4.Where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to Bin. E’s official?‎ A. At home. B. In the supermarket.‎ C. In the open air. D. In the office.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并对它的设计，市场应用进行了介绍。‎ ‎1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段A new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.一个新的“智能垃圾箱”花几个小时来整理罐头、纸盒、瓶子和纸板，以便于回收利用。可知smart bin是自动的，智能的，故选A。‎ ‎2.C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据前边The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate这项发明可以帮助垃圾分类，可知it指代the smart bin，故选C。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available.最初只有一个为办公室设计的更大胆版本才可以使用。可知最初是在办公室使用，故选D。‎ ‎ ‎