高二英语教案：第7讲 名词性从句（2）

高二英语教案：第7讲 名词性从句（2）

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级： 高二 辅导科目：英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 名词性从句 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1.掌握名词性从句的基本句型及用法；‎ ‎2.能够在具体的语境中灵活运用名词性从句。‎ 教学建议： ‎ 1. 让学生听这首歌曲，然后找出歌词中的从句，尤其是名词性从句；‎ 2. 对于程度较好的学生可以空出整个句子让学生来写；‎ 3. 对于程度一般的学生空出个别单词让学生来填写；‎ 4. 对其他从句适当关注。‎ As Long As You Love Me BackStreet boys Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine I'm leaving my life in your hands People say i'm crazy that i am blind Risking it all in a ‎ glance How you got my blind is still a mystery I can't get you out of my head Don't care what is written in your history As long as you’re here with me I don't care who you are Where you’re from What you did As long as you love me Who you are Where youre from Don't care what you did As long as you love me Every little thing that you have said and done Feels like it's deep within me Doesn't really matter if youre on the run It seems like were meant to be I don't care who you are Where youre from What you did As long as you love me Who you are Where youre from Don't care what you did As long as you love me As long as you love me I've tried to hide it so that no one knows But I guess it shows When you look in to my eyes What you did and where youre coming from I don't care as long as you live me baby I don't care who you ‎ are Where youre from What you did As long as you love me Who you are Where youre from Don't care what you did As long as you love me who you are Where youre from What you did As long as you love me Who you are Where youre from As long as you love me Who you are As long as you love me What you did I don't care as long as you live me 教学建议： ‎ 1. 此部分内容较多，建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用；‎ 2. 对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式，每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解，辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况，对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展；‎ ‎3. 对于程度中等以下的学生，老师需要对没一个考点逐一进行讲解；‎ ‎4. 较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。‎ 名词性从句 宾语从句 ‎1. 动词后的宾语从句 ‎ 1) that引导的宾语从句 后常接that引导的宾语从句的动词有admit, agree, answer, believe, decide, declare, expect, explain, feel,‎ ‎ hear, hope, intend, insist, mean, notice9 0rder, remember, reply, say, suggest, think, wish 等 ‎2) wh-，if引导的宾语从句 ‎ 后常接wh-，if引导的宾语从句的动词有advise，ask，discuss，doubt，find out，imagine，inform,1nquire, know, question, tell, understand, wonder，出scover等。‎ ‎3)“动词十间接宾语+宾语从句”‎ 常使用此类结构的动词有advise，ask，inform，promise，question，remind，show，teach，tell，warn，assure等。‎ ‎4)“动词+it十形容词／名词+that从句”‎ ‎ 常见的后接it作形式宾语的动词有find，feel，think，believe，make，consider等。‎ ‎5) it作形式宾语的特殊句型 ‎ 常见的有：see to it that...；hate it that...；owe it to sb. that...；take it for granted that.‎ ‎2. 形容词后宾语从句 ‎ 后常接宾语从句的形容词有：anxious，aware，certain，determined，glad，proud， surprised， worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, content, proud, annoyed, convinced，confident等。‎ ‎3. 介词后宾语从句 ‎ 后常接宾语从句的介词有on，about，in，but，except等。‎ ‎4. 宾语从句需要注意的问题 ‎ 1)当主句是一般现在时或者一般将来时时，宾语从句可根据句子意思选择用所需要的时态。‎ ‎ 2)当主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句必须用相应的过去时态。‎ ‎ 3)但是当宾语从句表达的是普遍真理或客观规律时，宾语从句时态不受主句时态限制而用一般现在时。‎ ‎ 4)当主句谓语是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，宾语从句的意义是否定时，not要转移到主句中；但当从句有否定意义的never，．seldom，hardly，scarcely等词时， 否定词不转移。‎ ‎ 5)主句中谓语是think，believe，suppose，ex》ect，imagine，guess等，同时，wh-连词引导的表示疑问的宾语从句，应将连词wh-置于主句前面，主句若是疑问语序，从句语序不变。例 如：When do you think he will come back? Do you think when he will come back?(错句）‎ ‎ 6)当主句动词是wish时，从句的时态要用虚拟语气；当主句的动词是suggest，demand， require等词时，从句要用可省略should的虚拟语气。‎ ‎ 7) if常可代替whether，但是当从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。‎ ‎ 8)引导宾语从句的that常可省略，但是当两个that从句由and或or连接时，第二个从句的that不能省略。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. He was born in is now known as Xiangyang.‎ A. that B. what C. where there D. where ‎2. They were surprised that a child the problems they themselves couldn't.‎ A. would solve... once B. worked out.. . them C. should work out. . . while D. would settle. . . but ‎3. we can't get seems better than we have.‎ A. What... what B. What... that C. That. . . that D. That... what ‎4. When we arrived in our apartment was supposed to be, all I could see was a school.‎ A. where B. what C. that D. which ‎5. Don't always that parents will give children whatever they want.‎ A. take it for granted B. take it as granted C. take for granted D. grant it ‎6. Evidence came up specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.‎ A. what B. whose C. that D. which ‎7. We all consider of great importance that we should combine theory with practice.‎ A. that B. it C. which D. this ‎8. I'm not sure .‎ A. what is the assignment of tomorrow B. what will the assignment for tomorrow be C. what will be the assignment of tomorrow D. what the assignment for tomorrow is ‎9. Give the prize to you think did the work well.‎ A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. whatever ‎10. Could you tell me where ?‎ A. is the nearest bus stop located B. the nearest bus stop is located C. is located the nearest bus stop D. located is the nearest bus stop ‎11. —Did you go to watch the football match? —No, but I wish I .‎ A. did B. went C. had D. would ‎12. Thoroughly confused, he hesitated to report .‎ A. what did he see B. what he had seen C. what had he seen D. what he was seen ‎13. I don't doubt she will learn a lot during her stay in Paris.‎ A. whether B. if C. that D. what ‎14. Everything depends on we have enough experience.‎ A. if B. what C. which D. whether ‎15. He usually goes to work on his bike except it rains.‎ A. that B. what C. when D. whether ‎16. The boy has not changed at all except he is no longer so talkative.‎ A. why B. that C. what D. if ‎17. You can write about topic you can think of.‎ A. however B. wherever C. whenever D. whatever ‎18. The owner of the shop came to see what .‎ A. the matter was B. the wrong was C. was the matter D. was the wrong ‎19. We don't care they will not come tomorrow.‎ A. whether B. if C. when D. that ‎20. We made a rule that we read English in the morning.‎ A. it B. that C. what D. which ‎21. We cannot figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying-out.‎ A. that B. as C. why D. when ‎22. Mr. Wang is to give us a report on he saw and heard in Australia.‎ A. that B. what C. whether D. which ‎23. I know nothing about the accident I read in the newspaper.‎ A. except what B. except that C. except for D. except ‎24. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .‎ A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is ‎25. The true value of life is not in , but in .‎ A. how you get. . . that you give B. which you get. . . what you give C. what do you get... what do you give D. what you get... what you give ‎26. When we arrived in an old temple was supposed to be, all we could see was just a railway station.‎ A. where B. what C. that D. which ‎27. Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.‎ A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever ‎28. These wild flowers are so special that I would do I can to save them.‎ A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever ‎29. You can't imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.‎ A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited ‎30. Eat cake you like and leave the others for comes late.‎ A. any.. . who B. whichever. . . whoever C. whatever... whom D. every... who ‎31. His words don't agree with the boss asks for, so we don't know what to do.‎ A. what B. whom C. which D. when ‎32. It was he said disappointed me.‎ A. what... that B. that... that C. what... what D. that.. . what ‎33. What has made Vietnam it is today?‎ A. that B. for C. which D. what ‎34. I hope that I you at the party this weekend.‎ A. would see B. should see C. will see D. see ‎35. —I blamed Mary yesterday.‎ ‎—I would rather you .‎ A. didn't do that B. hadn't done that C. wouldn't do that D. shouldn't have done that Keys: 1-5 BCABA 6-10 CBDBB 11‎-15 C B C D C 16-20 BDCDA ‎21-25 CBADD 26-30 BDABB 31-35 AADCB 名词性从句要注意的几点问题 ‎1. that，what，whether，if须注意的情况 ‎ 1) that，whether，if在从句中不作成分，而what在从句中既引导从句又作成分。‎ ‎ 2) whether在从句中不作任何成分，但有不确定的意义，而that无任何意义。‎ ‎2. whether，if引导名词性从句的区别 ‎ 1) whether可以引导表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和介词的宾语从句，而if不能。‎ ‎ 2) whether和if引导的从句都可以作动词宾语，这时whether =if。‎ ‎3. whether，if与that的选择 ‎ 1) doubt，wonder，not know，not decide，still a problem，still a question后多接whether，if从句。‎ ‎ 2) no wonder，no doubt，well known后多接that从句。‎ ‎4. 名词性从句的虚拟语气 ‎ 1) suggestion，order，advice后的同位语从句或表语从句用虚拟语气，其从句的谓语动词用“should十动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎ 2) insist, order, command, demand, suggest, advise, propose, require, request后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其形式是‘‘should十动词原形”，should可省略。‎ ‎5. where引导表语从句与定语从句的区别 ‎ 1) where引导表语从句时，从句紧跟在系动词之后，而且从句前面没有先行词；where＝ the place where。‎ ‎2) where引导定语从句时，从句要跟在先行词后面，where＝in/ on/ at which。‎ ‎ 3) where引导状语从句时，从句前面也没有先行词，从句跟在实意动词后面，且where在主从句中都作成分，where＝in/ at on/ to the place where。 ‎ ‎6. who, whoever, no matter who ‎ 1)名词性从句的主语表示一个人时，用who引导从句。‎ ‎ 2)名词性从句表示任何人时，用whoever引导从句，whoever=anyone who。‎ ‎ 3) no matter wh-只能用来引导让步状语从句，主从句之间有逗号隔开。‎ ‎ 4) wh-ever可以引导名词性从句也可以代替no matter wh-引导的状语从句。‎ ‎7. 名词性从句都用陈述语序。‎ ‎8. 从句作主语时，主句中的谓语动词一般用单数，或者与表语保持一致。‎ 专项练习 ‎1. The difficulty lies we have no money.‎ A. in which B. in the fact that C. in the fact D. that ‎2. She's a different girl from she was five years ago.‎ A. whom B. that C. who D. what ‎3. That is happened to the tribe of Indians that then lived in is now Plymouth.‎ A. what... which B. whatever... whichever C. that.. .that D. what.. .what ‎4. They buried themselves in their studies in the belief they would serve their country with their knowledge.‎ A. in which B. that C. which D. where ‎5. The reason why she burst into tears was she didn't want to part with her friends.‎ A. because B. since C. for D. that ‎6. The possibilities many species of whales may become extinct soon don't stop some fishermen from continuing to kill them.‎ A. / B. of which C. that D. why ‎7. I like best bread and butter.‎ A. That; is B. That; are C. What; are D. What; is ‎8. Does it matter will represent us to attend the meeting?‎ A. you think whoever B. who do you think C. you think D. who you think ‎9. is me.‎ A. It rains or not. . . no concern for B. Whether it rains or not... of no concern to C. If or not it rains. . . no concern about D. Whether or not it rains... of no concern with ‎10. You can imagine to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada!‎ A. how much love B. what great love C. how funny love D. what a love ‎11. Mike's uncle insists in the hotel.‎ A. staying not B. not to stay C. that we would not stay D. that he not stay ‎12. We agreed to accept they thought was the best tourist guide.‎ A. whatever B. whomever C. whichever D. whoever ‎13. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.‎ A. by which B. to which C. in that D. so that ‎14. It is essential that these application forms .‎ A. must be sent as back as possible B. will be sent back as possible C. are sent as quick as it can D. be sent back as soon as possible ‎15. Our teacher recommends that we as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.‎ A. are B. shall be C. ought to be D. be ‎16. I suppose that when I come back in ten years7 time, all these old houses down.‎ A. will have been pulled B. will have pulled C. will be pulling D. will be pulled ‎17. There is the fact that failure is the mother of success.‎ A. no denying B. to not deny C. not to deny D. of denying ‎18. She loves the newly born baby so much that her only happiness lies in she can take care of her child by herself.‎ A. that B. what C. when D. where ‎19. What do you think we should do with the polluted water?‎ A. that B. / C. how D. which ‎20. What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.‎ A. when B. how C. whether D. why ‎21. is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the match.‎ A. There. . . that B. There. . . whether C. It. . . whether D. It. . . that ‎22. He was asked of all the stories he had read was the most interesting.‎ A. that B. what C. which D. as ‎23. The two areas are similar they both have a high rainfall during this season.‎ A. except that B. in that C. in which D. despite of ‎24. It is recommended that the project until all the preparations have been made.‎ A. is not started B. was not started C. will not be started D. not be started ‎25. We all agreed to the suggestion we have an outing, but we had a problem we could get there.‎ A. that... how B. which... how C. which. . . which D. that... that Keys: 1-5 BDDBD 6-10 CDDBD 11-15 DDCDD 16-20 AAABC 21-25 ACBDA 教学建议：‎ 1． 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ A. Choose the best answer 1. (12年二模)‎ ‎1. It is not always easy for the public to see ____________ use a new invention can be of to human life. ‎ A. whose B. what C. which D. that ‎2. It even leaves the scientists in wonder _____ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal. ‎ A. that B. why C. what D. how ‎3. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained in the World Expo site. ‎ A. what      B. when        C. which      D. where ‎4. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only _____ they need in spite of all the advertisements they see. ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. whether ‎5. Chinese medical experts have warned _____ antibiotics(抗生素) have been “heavily overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects. ‎ ‎ A. what B. whether C. that D. why ‎6.The manager seems never to be satisfied with ______ the company has achieved. ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. how ‎7. The manager will put ______ he thinks has a strong sense of duty in the leadership position. ‎ A. anyone  B. whoever C. whomever D. who ‎8. Deep in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found may be the most valuable sunken treasure in history. ‎ ‎ A. where B. what C. that D. which ‎9. Recently, the Chinese government gave some examples of _______ Dalai Lama’s visiting ‎ ‎ foreign countries had affected China.‎ A. that B. what C. how D. whether ‎ ‎10. How we express our ideas sometimes means more than _____ we mean to say. ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. why ‎11. They wonder _____ someone who wants to be a telecom engineer should study subjects such as history, literature, philosophy, etc. ‎ ‎ A. what B. that C. how D. why ‎12. Best-selling author and race car driver Han Han offered a 20 million RMB reward to ________ could prove his works were ghostwritten (代笔).‎ A. no matter who B. who C. whoever D. whomever keys： 1-5 BCABC 6-10 ABBCA 11-12 DC B. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(14年高考卷)‎ ‎(A)‎ My Stay in ‎New York After graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.‎ Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the ‎ other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.‎ Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.‎ ‎(B)‎ The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shop ‎ Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.‎ ‎ Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.‎ ‎ Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.‎ ‎ He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’ is far (37)______ (appropriate)”‎ ‎ In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.‎ ‎ Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.‎ Keys:25. where 26. To earn 27. as soon as / as long as 28. exhausted 29. if ‎30. what 31. adapting 32. did 33. an 34. is equipped 35. which ‎36. myself 37. more appropriate 38. has forced 39. urging 40. to ‎（以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾）‎ 教学建议： ‎ ‎1. 规定学生在30分钟内完成；‎ ‎2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ A. Choose the best answer 1. (12年一模)‎ ‎1. Linda, make sure the tables _________before the guests arrive. ‎ A. will be set B. set C. are set D. shouldn’t ‎2. The firefighter was injured in putting out a big fire, so we should be prepared to do_____________takes to save his life A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whomever ‎3.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from_____________ their parents speak at home.‎ A. one B. that C. which D. what ‎4. They didn't discover until they happened to enter the back room ______ someone had stolen the priceless painting A. that B. what C. which D. when ‎5. She swept the soil away and found herself standing on ______ seemed a pavement. ‎ A. what B. which C. who D. that ‎6.In the third and fourth columns of your monthly budget, list _____ you expect to spend your money on and the amount.‎ A. what B. how much C. how D. which ‎7. A reward of 50 thousand yuan will be offered by the local police to _____ can provide any clues leading to the arrest of the bank robbers. ‎ ‎ A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whom ‎8.Don’t you think citizens are increasingly concerned about ____ next season? ‎ A. will the estate prices keep rising ‎ B. if the estate prices will keep rising ‎ C. whether the estate prices will keep rising ‎ D. how much will the estate prices keep rising ‎ ‎9. As we all know, the start of a new year is the perfect time to think about________ you want to accomplish. ‎ A. that B. which C. What D. how ‎10. -- It's reported that a new underground line has been completed.‎ ‎--Yes, but it hasn't been made clear ________ it's to be open to traffic.‎ A. that B. when C. what D. who ‎11. Although China's population is steadily increasing, it's hard to know exactty____________ the population is at a certain time for statistics experts. ‎ A. what B. how many C. how much D. which ‎12. A good volunteer should not only display his or her own good image but also see to it ____the visitor gets the exact information he needs.‎ A. that B. which C. how D. where ‎13. A US office worker has invented ______ will likely go down as the most useful workplace gadget(小玩意):a device that lets you know when your nearest WC is free. ‎ A. what B. that C. which D. who ‎14..They must realize that _______they want to finish this report will be doing it under a lot of pressure. ‎ A. who B. whoever C. no matter who D. whom ‎ keys：1-5 CCDAA 6-10 AACCB 11-14 AAAB B. For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ ‎“What are you going to be when you grow up?” is a question that you may have been asked. You may not even know there are a variety of geography-related jobs. ‎ The Association of American Geographers lists nearly 150 different geography jobs. So, if you are interested in people, places, and environments, consider a job in geography. Your work will not be limited to maps—it might range from 51 data to planning projects, or making decisions about the environment.‎ Processing Geographic Data ‎ A geographer’s main activity is analyzing geographic information to answer geographic questions. Jobs processing geographic data begin, of course, with collecting the information. One on-the-ground job in data collection is that of a surveyor. Surveyors 52 and measure the land directly. They may mark boundaries, study the shape of the land, or even help find sewer(下水道) and water systems beneath the Earth. High-tech information-gathering jobs include working with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. Some examples of these jobs include remote sensing specialists and GIS analysts. Data analysis jobs require the ability to think 53 , high-level computer skills, and a college education.‎ Once data have been processed, a geographer may study the information to use in planning projects such as a new urban area, a(n) 54 evacuation(撤退) plan, or the placement of a new highway. Planners can also help determine how to make a neighborhood a better place to live. These jobs, too, require good critical thinking, writing, and computer skills, as well as a college education. Planners are 55 to the success of a community.‎ Advising Businesses and Government ‎ About half of jobs using geography are in business and government. All kinds of businesses use geographic information to help build and 56 their operations. A location analyst studies an area to find the best location ‎ for a client. The client might be a large retail store chain that wants to know which location would be best for opening a new store. The location analyst can study GIS reports on such elements as transportation networks or population in an area and give the business owners the positive and 57 points about a location being considered.‎ In 1967, the Mexican government was looking for a location to create a new international tourist resort. They used location analysts to find an area that had good beaches and was easy to reach from the United States. The 58 was Cancún, today one of the world’s most desirable vacation sites. ‎ Businesses connected with natural 59 such as forests also rely on geographers. Geographers help them understand the relationship between their business and the environment where their business is located. ‎ In 1967, Cancún was a small island on Mexico’s Caribbean coast. It had white sand beaches, many birds and mangrove(红树) trees, but few people. After it was selected as a resort site, it was quickly 60 . Today, Cancún has more than 100 hotels and 500,000 permanent residents. Many work in the tourist industry that serves the millions of visitors who come each year from all over the world. ‎ Physical and Human Geography Physical geographers are sometimes called earth scientists. Some study such topics as geomorphology (地形学), that is, the study of how the shape of the Earth 61 . Others study weather and climate. Still others study water, the oceans, soils, or ecology. Jobs in these fields require 62 scientific training.‎ Some geographers study economic, political, and 63 issues as they relate to place or region. Human geographers are usually hired by government agencies to analyze a specific problem. These geographers work 64 with political scientists, economists, and sociologists. ‎ Together, they provide possible solutions to problems from many different aspects of life in an area. And, of course, geographers teach the subject at all levels of 65 , from elementary schools to universities. But no matter what geography jobs people might hold, they are always trying to answer the basic geographic questions: “Where are things located?” and “Why are they there?” ‎ ‎51. A. performing B. analyzing C. appreciating D. downloading ‎52. A. map B. mine C. shape D. honour ‎53. A. creatively B. critically C. wildly D. moderately ‎ ‎54. A. disaster B. radioactivity C. excursion D. vacation ‎55. A. qualified B. determined C. valuable D. feasible ‎ ‎56. A. survive B. expand C. manage D. boom ‎ ‎57. A. negative B. effective C. depressive D. profitable ‎ ‎58. A. scenery B. destination C. result D. foundation ‎ ‎59. A. potentials B. histories C. resources D. sciences ‎ ‎60. A. specialized B. polluted C. governed D. transformed ‎ ‎61. A. proceeds B. stretches C. extends D. changes ‎ ‎62. A. peculiar B. special C. reasonable D. enthusiastic ‎ ‎63. A. psychological B. contemporary C. religious D. social ‎ ‎64. A. closely B. peacefully C. loyally D. sensitively ‎ ‎65. A. demonstration B. revolution C. examination D. education keys: 51-55 BABAC    56-60 BACCD    61-65 DBDAD C. Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎(A)‎ The Dangers of Dieting Thanks to our modern lifestyle, with more and more time spent sitting down in front of computers than ever before, the number of overweight people is at a new high. As people crazily search for a solution to this problem, they often try some of the popular fad(时尚) diets being offered. Many people see fad diets as harmless ways of losing weight, and they are grateful to have them. Unfortunately, not only don’t fad diets usually do the trick, but they can actually be dangerous for your health. ‎ Although permanent weight loss is the goal, few are able to achieve it. Experts estimate that 95 percent of dieters return to their starting weight, or even add weight. While the irresponsible or unwise use of fad diets can bring some initial results, long-term results are very rare.‎ Nonetheless, people who are bored with the difficulties of changing their eating habits often turn to fad diets. Rather than being moderate, fad diets involve extreme dietary changes. They advise eating only one type of food, or they prohibit other types of foods entirely. This results in a situation where a person’s body doesn’t get all the vitamins and other things that it needs to stay healthy.‎ One popular fad diet recommends eating lots of meat and animal products, while nearly eliminating carbohydrates（碳水化合物）. A scientific study from Britain found that this diet is very high in fat. According to ‎ the study, the increase of damaging fats in the blood can lead to heart disease and, in extreme cases, kidney failure. Furthermore, diets that are too low in carbohydrates can cause the body to use its own muscle for energy. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up, and the result is slower weight loss.‎ Veteran(老兵) dieters may well ask at this point, “What is the ideal diet?” Well, to some extent, it depends on the individual. A United States government agency has determined that to change your eating habits requires changing your psychology of eating, and everyone has a different psychology. That being said, the British study quoted above recommends a diet that is high in carbohydrates and high in fiber, with portions of fatty foods kept low. According to the study, such a diet is the best for people who want to stay healthy, lose weight, and keep that weight off. And, any dieting program is best undertaken with a doctor’s supervision.‎ ‎66. After losing weight by dieting, what usually happens to people?‎ A. They have kidney failure. B. They gain the weight back again.‎ C. They keep the weight off. D. They have less muscle.‎ ‎67. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in paragraph 3?‎ A. Bored people turn to fad diets, which, being too extreme, don’t give the body everything it needs.‎ B. People are bored with fad diets and turn to diets which provide what the body needs.‎ C. People prefer fad dieting to moderate dieting because it requires fewer foods to give the body what it needs.‎ D. Fad diets give boring people the moderate dietary changes they need to get all the required vitamins.‎ ‎68. Which is not mentioned as an effect of the meat and animal product diet?‎ A. Heart disease. B. Slower weight loss. ‎ C. Psychological changes. D. Kidney failure. ‎ ‎69. According to the passage, why does the ideal diet depend on the individual?‎ A. The less muscle you have, the less food you use up.‎ B. Everyone can gain the weight back.‎ C. Everyone has a different psychology.‎ D. Everyone likes different foods.‎ ‎(B)‎ Charlie Bell became chief executive of McDonald’s in April. Within a month doctors told him that he had colorectal cancer. After stock market hours on November 22nd, the fast-food firm said he had resigned; it would need a third boss in under a year. Yet when the market opened, its share price barely dipped then edged higher. After all, McDonald’s had, again, shown how to act swiftly and decisively in appointing a new boss. ‎ Mr. Bell himself got the top job when Jim Cantalupo died of a heart attack hours before he was due to address a convention of McDonald’s franchisees(获特许经营联营店者). Mr. Cantalupo was a McDonald’s veteran brought out of retirement in January 2003 to help remodel the firm after sales began falling because of dirty restaurants, indifferent service and growing concern about junk food. He devised a recovery plan, backed by massive marketing, and promoted Mr. Bell to chief operating officer. When Mr. Cantalupo died, a rapidly convened(召集) board confirmed Mr. Bell, a 44-year-old Australian already widely seen as his heir apparent, in the top job. The convention got its promised chief executive’s address, from the firm’s first non-American leader.‎ Yet within weeks executives had to think about what to do if Mr. Bell became too ill to continue. Perhaps Mr. Bell had the same thing on his mind: he usually introduced Jim Skinner, the 60-year-old vice-chairman, to visitors as the “steady hand at the wheel”. Now Mr. Skinner, an expert on the firm’s overseas operations, becomes chief executive, and Mike Roberts, head of its American operations, joins the board as chief operating officer.‎ Is Mr. Roberts now the new heir apparent? Maybe. McDonald’s has brought in supposedly healthier choices such as salads and toasted sandwiches worldwide and, instead of relying for most of its growth on opening new restaurants, has turned to upgrading its 31,000 existing ones. America has done best at this; under Mr. Roberts, like-for-like sales there were up by 7. 5% in October on a year earlier.‎ The new team’s task is to keep the revitalization plan on course, especially overseas, where some American brands are said to face political hostility from consumers. This is a big challenge. Is an in-house succession(交替、继承) the best way to tackle it? Mr. Skinner and Mr. Roberts are both company veterans, having joined in the 1970s. Some recent academic studies find that the planned succession of a new boss from within, such as Mr. Bell and now (arguably) Mr. Roberts, produces better results than looking hastily, or outside, for one. McDonald’s smooth handling of its serial misfortunes at the top certainly seems to prove the point. Even so, everyone at McDonald’s must be hoping that it will be a long time before the firm faces yet another such emergency.‎ ‎70. The main reason for the constant change at the top of McDonald is _______.‎ A. the constant change of its share price B. the board’s failure to reach an agreement C. the falling sales D. the physical problems of the chief executives ‎71. The underlined phrase “heir apparent” (in Paragraph 2) in the article most probably means someone who _______. ‎ A. has the same ideas, aims and style with a person B. has the same right to receive the family title C. is appointed as an executive of a company D. is likely to take over a person’s position when that person leaves ‎72. Which of the following was NOT a cause of the falling sales of McDonald?‎ A. The change of the chief executive. B. People’s concern about junk food.‎ C. Dirty restaurant. D. Indifferent service.‎ ‎73. In terms of succession at the top, McDonald_______. ‎ A. has had to made rather hasty decisions B. prefers to appoint a new boss from within C. acts in a quick and unreasonable way D. surprises all the people with its decisions ‎66-69 BACC      70-73 DDAB    ‎