【英语】山东省滨州市2020届高三第二次模拟试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省滨州市2020届高三第二次模拟试题（解析版）

山东省滨州市2020届高三第二次模拟英语试题 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Being stuck at home doesn’t mean that learning stops. In fact, it’s just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids’ imagination and build their curiosity at home.‎ Let’s Get Down to the Science The science lab at school may be closed, but you can still put on goggles and a white lab coat and learn at home. This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.‎ To Infinity（无穷）and Beyond Earth is a part of the Milky Way galaxy, but did you know there are around 100 million galaxies in the universe? There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start your child’s educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.‎ Take a Walk on the Wild Side Biology class is in session! Here’s your chance to get up close and personal with a great white shark without putting on a wetsuit. This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark’s world with I Am Shark.‎ Take advantage of this time at home and find new ways to keep exploring the world around you.‎ ‎1. What is common among these activities above?‎ A. They are all performed outdoors.‎ B. They are all associated with physics.‎ C. They are all carried out by the way of experimenting.‎ D. They all recommend some resources for kids to study.‎ ‎2. Which book favors children interested in stars?‎ A. This Test Tube Experiment Kit.‎ B. Real Life Slicker and Activity Book.‎ C. 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit.‎ D. I Am Shark ‎ ‎3. The shared goal of the activities is to ____.‎ A. gain financial benefits B. save kids from boredom C. explore new technologies D. inspire kids to study at home B A first-year undergraduate student in Chengdu, recently complained online that her mother refused to raise her monthly allowance to 4,500 yuan ($ 633) even when she said her current allowance 2, 000 yuan was not enough to cover her expenses, sparking a debate on how much money a college student needs per month. One expert shares his views on the issue with China Daily: Students should pursue education, not comfort.‎ Even for a college student studying in a first-tier city in China, 2,000 yuan is enough to cover all his or her monthly expenses. In fact, for a college student in Chengdu a monthly allowance of 2,000 yuan is more than enough. According to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou was less than 2,000 yuan in 2019； for Chengdu, it was 1,900 yuan.‎ Claiming that she can hardly afford new clothing and cosmetics with her 2,000 yuan monthly allowance, the undergraduate student in Chengdu criticized her mother for refusing to raise her pocket money. Her "meager" allowance, she said, prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed.‎ By the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. And a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his family income. On a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents’ hard work. Besides, some college students could take UP part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents don’t or can’t send them enough money. In this way they can also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption habits. More importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top ‎ priority in college ‎4. What’s the expert’s attitude to the issue about the undergraduate student?‎ A. He was critical.‎ B. He was neutral.‎ C. He was supportive.‎ D. He was unconcerned.‎ ‎5. In 2019, the undergraduates’ average monthly expense in Hangzhou was A. more than 2,000 B. 633 dollars C. less than 2,000 yuan D. 1,900 yuan ‎6. Which of the following best explains “meager” in paragraph 3?‎ A. Empty. B. Pitiful.‎ C. Mean. D. Fruitful.‎ ‎7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?‎ A. College students should keep their expenses in line with their family conditions.‎ B. College students consumption level is determined by their parents.‎ C. College students should take up a part-time job to cover their expenses.‎ D. College students should deal with their living expenses problems reasonably.‎ C Today, China has conducted its first 3D printing experiment in space in a newly launched spacecraft, which was put into low-Earth orbit by China’s Long March 5B heavylift carrier rocket.‎ Video broadcast on CCTV showed that the printer has printed a flat section of a honeycomb-shaped （蜂巢状）structure as well as a symbol of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp, the parent company of the China Academy of Space Technology. The experiment was done by a 3D printer, developed and built by its Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Factory, inside the prototype of China’s new — generation manned spacecraft.‎ The printer, named the Space-Based Composite Material 3D Printing System, uses carbon fiber-reinforced materials to autonomously print objects. It is installed in the reentry module of the experimental spaceship, and will be brought back to Earth once the module returns.‎ The printer features advanced technologies in material modeling, precision control and automation. Once the space-based 3D printing technology becomes operationally ready, it can ‎ extensively benefit space programs as astronauts can use it to manufacture a lot of things they currently need to obtain from resupply flights by cargo spacecraft.‎ Wang Yanan, editor-in-chief of the Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said the 3D Printer will be very useful in extended space missions, such as those in a space station, because it will allow astronauts to make components quickly and conveniently in space. The technology will save future space journeys considerable resources and costs.‎ In fact, the device is not the only representative of 3D printing onboard the Prototype.‎ A CubeSat deployer, designed and made through 3D printing by CoSats Space Technology, is also carried by the spacecraft to check the adaptability of 3D-printed equipment in space. CoSats Chief Operating Officer Bai Ruixue said the 3D-Printed deployer is much lighter and stronger than its counterparts and it will have huge Potential in the space industry.‎ ‎8. What did the video broadcast on CCTV show to the audience?‎ A. The process and the products of the 3D printing.‎ B. The name and the shape of the 3D printer.‎ C. The significance of the 3D printing technology.‎ D. The relationship between the two companies.‎ ‎9. What if a component is broken in the space station now?‎ A. It has to be sent by spaceship back to earth for repair.‎ B. The astronauts can fix it conveniently by hand on the spot.‎ C. The astronauts make one using 3D printing and replace it.‎ D. It has to be unloaded and abandoned in space.‎ ‎10. Why is the last paragraph mentioned?‎ A. To introduce the CubeSat deployer produced in space.‎ B. To explain the advantages of the 3D printing in space.‎ C. To show the adaptability of 3D printing in space.‎ D. To indicate a bright future of 3D printing in space.‎ ‎11. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. 3D printing experiment conducted in space.‎ B. 3D printing set to help ease space trips.‎ C. 3D printing launched by Long March 5B.‎ D. 3D printing—a new way to explore space.‎ D Lego is considering a brick rental scheme in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable （可持续的） sources by 2030 and is ploughing significant resources into finding alternatives.‎ Tim Brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was "totally open" to the idea of a product rental scheme but acknowledged that lost pieces could cause a significant problem. He said the rental scheme was "possible" but admitted there were some "technical barriers", one of which is the complexity of some Lego kits （配套元件），many of which contain thousands of pieces.‎ ‎" What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again?” Mr Brooks added. "There is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done.‎ We are right at beginning of that.” Mr Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. He said many would "probably never see the light of day” and there was no current plan to try a rental scheme.‎ Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint amid growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. It manufactures 19 billion pieces per year—‎36,000 a minute——that are made only of plastic while much of the internal packaging is also plastic.‎ So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but account for only one-two percent of the total amount of plastic elements produced. Henrik Ostergaard Nielson, a production supervisor in Lego’s factory in Billund, told the New York Times last year： "We need to learn again how to do this”‎ ‎12. How will Lego cut down on plastic waste?‎ A. By considering a brick rental scheme.‎ B. By producing a new kind of toys instead of bricks.‎ C. By replacing common plastic with a renewable material.‎ D. By investing large amounts of money into market.‎ ‎13. What does Tim Brooks expect of the product rental scheme?‎ A. It’ll cause certain serious problems.‎ B. It’ll be of great complexity.‎ C. It’ll require more mature technical skills.‎ D. It’ll involve much more kits of bricks.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word “many” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Ideas. B. Values.‎ C. Products. D. Resources.‎ ‎15. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Lego has to explore a new product to earn a profit.‎ B. A brick rental scheme has been put into mass production.‎ C. plant-abased plastic is environmentally friendly.‎ D. Lego is optimistic about the brick rental scheme.‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分12. 5分）‎ 根据短文内容’从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How much is a child’s future success determined by born intelligence? Most guess around 25 percent, even 50 percent. ___16___ So if IQ is only a minor factor in success, what is it that separates the low earners from the high ones?‎ Science doesn’t have a definitive answer, although luck certainly plays a role. But another key factor is personality. Financial success was correlated with conscientiousness, a particular quality in your personality marked by diligence, perseverance and self-discipline.‎ Grades at school and achievement-test results were markedly better predictors of adult success than raw IQ scores. ___17___After all, don’t they all measure the same thing? Not quite. Grades reflect not just intelligence but also " non-cognitive skills ", such as perseverance, good study habits and the ability to collaborate. Personality counts.‎ ‎___18___ A research suggests childhood interventions（介入）can be helpful, and that conscientiousness is more malleable （可塑的）than IQ. Openness—a broad quality that includes curiosity—is also connected to test scores and grades.‎ ‎___19___Someone with an IQ of 70 isn’t going to be able to do things that are easy for a ‎ person with an IQ of 190. But many people fail to break into the job market because they lack skills that aren’t measured on intelligence tests. They don’t understand how to behave with kindness in job interviews. ___20___ Or on the job they make it obvious they’ll do no more than the minimum, if that.‎ A. IQ still matters, of course.‎ B. That might seem surprising.‎ C. They may show up late or fail to dress properly.‎ D. How much difference between people’s incomes can be tied to IQ?‎ E. But the data suggest a much smaller influence：about 1 or 2 percent.‎ F. The higher the better for IQ, and perhaps for conscientiousness as well.‎ G. Success depends not just on born ability but on skills that can be taught.‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Ask people to name the world’s tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact ___21___and many will be not sure.‎ In 1975, Chinese surveyors ___22___ that Mount Qomolangma （Mount Everest） was 8848. 13 meters high. As ___23___ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were ___24___ to get more exact figures. Of course, someone still had to carry ___25___ to what is the world’s rooftop.‎ In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that, as they ___26___ the height to be 8844. 43 meters. Scaling Qomolangma is no ___27___ task. The average air temperature there is -29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees___28___ than in Antarctica. The snow there is 4 —5 meters thick and hurricane-like ___29___ blow all the time. Team members were training to ___30___the extreme conditions.‎ In a nutshell, measuring the Qomolangma’s height is a tall order, ___31___ huge amounts of money and human resources, But it is worth the___32___. Qomolangma is the perfect ___33___ for observing crustal （地壳的）movements. And changes to the peak’s height could ___34___ whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other.‎ Besides, the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau. That’s ___35___ measuring the Qomolangma’s height is so significant. Put to good use, it can benefit mankind.‎ ‎21. A. location B. appearance C. area D. height ‎22. A. determined B. assumed C. estimated D. admitted ‎23. A. condition B. technology C. society D. economy ‎24. A. employed B. expected C. approached D. inspired ‎25. A. weapons B. vehicles C. instruments D. packages ‎26. A. changed B. calculated C. extended D. expanded ‎27. A. glorious B. easy C. admirable D. tough ‎28. A. colder B. hotter C. higher D. lower ‎29. A. snows B. rains C. winds D. snowflakes ‎30. A. cope with B. fight for C. take on D. carry out ‎31 A‎. wasting B. spending C. overcoming D. involving ‎32. A. effort B. loss C. harvest D. achievement ‎33. A. channel B. window C. solution D. entrance ‎34. A. measure B. foresee C. indicate D. expose ‎35. A. where B. how C. why D. whether 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The great outdoors： it’s the place to head for when you’re in need of peace and quiet, open spaces, beautiful scenery and exercise. ___36___a huge mountain range or a local country park, these natural areas are a perfect tonic (补药)for our stressed-out lives, and their medical effect is being used more and more ___37___ (treat) mental health. "therapy helps people who suffer from depression, ___38___(anxious) and stress. It’s true that connecting with the natural world ___39___ (definite) lifts our spirits. Eco- therapy doesn’t involve taking medicine. Instead, it just develops a person’s relationship ___40___ nature. This natural therapy can take on many forms, such as doing yoga in a forest, gardening or even ___41___ (hug) a tree.‎ There are many ___42___ (benefit) of this "green" therapy, including improving social contact, social and work skills and coping abilities. If we ___43___ (expose) to the natural ‎ elements, then our negative feelings get almost immediately replaced with positive emotions.‎ Admittedly, eco-therapy won’t cure everything, but it is___44___ option for therapists to use. And as we become ___45___ (aware) of the causes and effects of mental health，it’s better known that help might lie outside our towns and cities, and that nature can give us a helping hand.‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎46.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom听说中医药在新型冠状病毒疫情中凸显了医疗效能,对中医药非常感兴趣，请给他回一封电子邮件，为他介绍一下中医药的相关信息.要点包括:‎ ‎1.历史及地位；2.在疫情中的作用；3.发展前景；4.其它。‎ 提示词：中医药 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) 新型冠状病毒(novel coronavirus) 疫情(epidemic)‎ 注意：1.词数80左右;‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.电子邮件的开头已为你写好°‎ Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going? _____________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为150左右。‎ Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us, as honesty is always regarded as a virtue. Every time I talk about the topic, something crowds in my mind as if it had just happened.‎ I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him to Mijas and then take the car in a nearby garage to get it serviced. At that time, I had just passed the driving test, and I hardly had a chance to use the car, so I said yes without hesitation.‎ I drove my father to Mijas, promising to pick him up again at 4 pm, then I went to a nearby garage, and put the car in there. Since I had several hours to spare, I decided to go to a movie theater near the garage to see the movie. However, I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that I forgot the time. When the last movie finished, I looked at my watch： 6 pm. I was two hours late!‎ I thought my father would be very angry if he knew what I was doing. And he would never let me drive again. So I decided to make up an excuse. Then, I drove to the appointed place, my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. I first apologized for being late, then told him that I wanted to get there as soon as possible, but that something was wrong with some of the main parts of the car.‎ I would never forget the way he looked at me. “I’m very disappointed that you thought you had to lie to me, Jason.” My father looked at me again and said, “When you didn’t show up on time, I called the gas station and asked if there was anything wrong They told me you never picked up the car. So, you see, I know there’s nothing wrong with the car at all."‎ Paragraph 1‎ A wave of guilt swept over me and I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ But father, it’s exactly eighteen miles home from here, and it’s dark. You can’t walk back. " I begged.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个适合孩子在家学习的活动。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中This Test Tube Experiment Kit will make you feel like a genius in no time. Kids will get the chance to learn about basic chemistry, physics, and more by creating pop-resistant bubbles, bouncy balls, and other objects.（这个试管实验包会让你立刻觉得自己是个天才。孩子们将有机会学习基本的化学，物理，和更多的通过创造抗爆气泡，弹力球，和其他物体）以及文章第三段中A great way start your child’s educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book.（你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。）以及第四段中This 4D Great White Shark Anatomy Kit allows you to get an inside look at what makes these predators of the deep so powerful. And then take an even deeper dive into a shark’s world with I Am Shark.（这4D大白鲨解剖工具包让你深入了解是什么让这些深海捕食者如此强大。然后和《我是鲨鱼》一起更深入地探索鲨鱼的世界。）由此可知，这三个活动都给孩子推荐了学习资源。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中There are so many fun and fascinating things to learn about space that the possibilities truly go to infinity and beyond. A great way start yourchild’s educational space adventure is with this Real Life Sticker and Activity Book. 关于太空，有很多有趣而迷人的东西值得我们去了解，因此太空的可能性真的可以无限延伸。你开始教育孩子关于太空冒险的方式是通过Real Life Sticker and Activity Book。由此可知，只有Real Life Slicker and Activity Book是关于太空的，故可能会吸引会对星星感兴趣的孩子。故选B.‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Being stuck at home doesn’t mean that learning stops. In fact, it’s just the opposite. Here are some activities and resources to foster kids’ imagination and build their curiosity at home. 被困在家里并不意味着学习停止。事实上，恰恰相反。这里有一些活动和资源来培养孩子们的想象力和建立他们的好奇心。故判断出这三个活动的共同目 的是激起孩子的学习兴趣。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了大学生在校每月的生活费开销以及人们对此的看法。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中One expert shares his views on the issue with China Daily: Students should pursue education, not comfort.（一位专家与《中国日报》分享了他对这个问题的看法:学生应该追求教育，而不是安逸）由此判断出，专家对这位大学生的做法是持批评态度的。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中According to a survey conducted by a bookkeeping platform, the average monthly expense for an undergraduate in cities other than Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou was less than 2,000 yuan in 2019.( 据某记账平台开展的一项调查显示，2019年，北京、上海和杭州以外的城市大学生月平均消费不足2000元)。由此可知，2019年杭州大学生每月的消费低于2000元。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中prevented her from buying branded goods that her hostel-mates enjoyed.（阻止她购买她的室友喜欢的名牌商品。）由此可知，她认为父母给的零花钱很少，很“可怜的”，不够花。故“meager”应意为“可怜的”。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中By the time a person enters a college, she or he should have developed a healthy consumption habit. And a youth should adjust her or his consumption according to her or his family income. On a deeper level, the money they spend in college should depend on how much they value their parents’ hard work. Besides, some college students could take UP part-time jobs to meet their monetary needs if they feel their parents don’t or can’t send them enough money. In this way they can also learn to meet the requirements of life in the future and develop healthy consumption habits. More importantly, they should always bear in mind that education is their top priority in college（当一个人进入大学时，他或她应该养成健康的消费习惯。青年应当根据家庭收入调整消费。在更深的层次上，他们在大学里花的钱应该取决于他 们对父母努力工作的重视程度。此外，一些大学生可以采取兼职工作来满足他们的货币需求，如果他们觉得父母不给他们或不能给他们足够的钱。这样他们也可以学会满足未来生活的需求，养成健康的消费习惯。更重要的是，他们应该始终记住，教育是他们在大学的首要任务）由此可知，最后一段主要讲述了大学生应该合理地处理他们的生活费用问题。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在新发射的航天器中进行了首次太空3D打印实验。一旦基于太空的3D打印技术可以投入使用，将为未来的太空旅行节省大量的资源和成本。太空船还搭载了由CoSats航天技术公司通过3D打印设计制造的CubeSat部署器，3D打印部署器比同类产品更轻更强，在航天领域将有巨大潜力。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Video broadcast on CCTV showed that the printer has printed a flat section of a honeycomb-shaped （蜂巢状）structure as well as a symbol of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp. , the parent company of the China Academy of Space Technology. The experiment was done by a 3D printer, developed and built by its Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Factory, inside the prototype of China’s new — generation manned spacecraft.( 中央电视台的视频显示，这台打印机打印出了一个蜂窝状结构的平面部分，以及中国航天科技集团公司的标志，该公司是中国空间技术研究院的母公司。该实验是在中国新一代载人航天飞机的原型机内，由北京航天器制造厂研发和制造的3D打印机完成的。)由此可知，视频上显示的是3D打印的过程以及产品。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中Once the space-based 3D printing technology becomes operationally ready, it can extensively benefit space programs as astronauts can use it to manufacture a lot of things they currently need to obtain from resupply flights by cargo spacecraft. 一旦基于太空的3D打印技术可以投入使用，它就可以广泛地应用于太空项目，因为宇航员可以利用它制造很多东西，而他们目前需要通过货运飞船的补给飞行来获得这些东西。以及倒数第三段中said the 3D Printer will be very useful in extended space missions, such as those in a space station, because it will allow astronauts to make components quickly and conveniently in space. 3D打印机将在扩展太空任务中非常有用，比如在空间站中，因为它可以让宇航员在太空中快速方便地制造零部件。由此可知，一旦空间站有组件坏掉了，可以用3D 打印机打印出来并替换上。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中CoSats Chief Operating Officer Bai Ruixue said the 3D-Printed deployer is much lighter and stronger than its counterparts and it will have huge Potential in the space industry.（CoSats公司首席运营官白瑞雪表示，3d打印展开器比同类产品更轻、更坚固，在航天工业中具有巨大的潜力。）由此判断出，最后一段的目的是讲述3D打印技术有巨大的潜力。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。分析全文以及文章倒数第三段中Wang Yanan, editor-in-chief of the Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said the 3D Printer will be very useful in extended space missions, such as those in a space station, because it will allow astronauts to make components quickly and conveniently in space. The technology will save future space journeys considerable resources and costs.（《航天知识》杂志主编王亚南说，3D打印机将在扩展太空任务中非常有用，比如在空间站中，因为它可以让宇航员在太空中快速方便地制造零部件。这项技术将为未来的太空旅行节省大量的资源和成本。）由此可知，文章主要介绍了中国在新发射的航天器中进行了首次太空3D打印实验。一旦基于太空的3D打印技术可以投入使用，将为未来的太空旅行节省大量的资源和成本。故B项（3D打印套件有助于简化太空旅行）作为本文标题，符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。如本题第3小题，根据最后一段中CoSats Chief Operating Officer Bai Ruixue said the 3D-Printed deployer is much lighter and stronger than its counterparts and it will have huge Potential in the space industry.（CoSats公司首席运营官白瑞雪表示，3d打印部署器比同类产品更轻、更坚固，在航天工业中具有巨大的潜力。）由此判断出，最后一段的目的是讲述3D打印技术有巨大的潜力。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了乐高为减少塑料浪费,乐高考虑出租积木。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺，到2030年，所有的积木都将采用可持续能源生产，并投入大量资源寻找替代能源。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Lego is considering a brick rental scheme in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable（可持续的） sources by 2030 and is ploughing significant resources into finding alternatives.为减少塑料浪费，乐高公司正考虑积木出租计划。这家丹麦玩具制造商承诺，到2030年前使用可持续材料制造所有的积木，并且正在投入大量资源寻找替代品。由此可知，乐高通过用可再生材料代替普通塑料的方式减少塑料垃圾。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中He said the rental scheme was "possible" but admitted there were some "technical barriers". There is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done.。他说,出租计划是“可行的”,但承认有一些“技术壁垒”。还需要思考很多技术问题。由此判断出，Tim Brooks认为产品出租计划需要更成熟的技术技能。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中We are right at beginning of that.” Mr Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. 布鲁克斯说，乐高正在探索几个想法，以生产最高价值的产品，同时消耗最少的资源。以及下文 "probably never see the light of day” “可能永远也见不到天日”。由此可知，此处的many指的是上文中乐高正在探索的想法。故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year. 到目前为止，唯一的突破是由甘蔗中提取的植物性塑料制成的砖的开发。这些绿色的树木、植物和花朵是去年年底首次被包括在乐高玩具中。由此判断出，以植物为原材料的塑料是环保的。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时，要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境，即上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。比如：根据语境，根据同义关系，对比关系，因果关系等，尤其需注意熟词生义。例如本题第 ‎3小题，根据文章第四段中We are right at beginning of that.” Mr Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. 布鲁克斯说，乐高正在探索几个想法，以生产最高价值的产品，同时消耗最少的资源。以及下文 "probably never see the light of day” “可能永远也见不到天日”。由此可知，此处的many指的是上文中乐高正在探索的想法。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人的智商对成功的影响。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据下文So if IQ is only a minor factor in success, what is it that separates the low earners from the high ones? 如果智商只是成功的一个小因素，那么是什么将低收入者和高收入者区分开来呢?。由此可知，上文应该讲的是智商对成功的影响较小。故E项（But the data suggest a much smaller influence： about 1 or 2 percent.）但数据显示的影响要小得多:大约1%或2%。承接下文，符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文Grades at school and achievement-test results were markedly better predictors of adult success than raw IQ scores.（在学校的成绩和成就测试结果明显比原始的智商分数更能预测成年人的成功）以及下文After all, don’t they all measure the same thing? Not quite. Grades reflect not just intelligence but also " non-cognitive skills ", such as perseverance, good study habits and the ability to collaborate.( 毕竟，它们度量的不是同样的东西吗?不完全是。分数不仅反映了智力，也反映了“非认知技能”，如毅力、良好的学习习惯和合作能力。)由此可知，B项（That might seem surprising）这似乎令人惊讶。承上启下，符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文A research suggests childhood interventions （介入）can be helpful, and that conscientiousness is more malleable （可塑的）than IQ. Openness—a broad quality that includes curiosity—is also connected to test scores and grades.（一项研究表明，儿童干预是有帮助的，责任心比智商更有可塑性。开放性——一种包括好奇心在内的广泛品质——也与考试成绩和等级有关。）由此可知，成功不仅仅需要天生的能力，更重要的是后天的学习。故G项（Success depends not just on born ability but on skills that can be taught）成功不仅取决于天生的能力，还取决于后天的学习能力。承接下文，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文Someone with an IQ of 70 isn’t going to be able to do things that are easy for a person with an IQ of 190. But many people fail to break into the job market because they lack skills that aren’t measured on intelligence tests.（IQ为70的人不可能做IQ为190的人容易做的事。但很多人没能进入这个岗位，是因为他们缺乏无法通过智力测试衡量的技能）由此可知，智商仍然是决定成功的重要因素。故A项（IQ still matters, of course）当然，智商仍然很重要。承接下文，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文They don’t understand how to behave with kindness in job interviews.( 他们不懂得如何在面试中表现得和蔼可亲)以及下文Or on the job, they make it obvious they’ll do no more than the minimum, if that.无论是在工作中还是在工作中，他们都明确表示，他们只会做最低限度的工作。由此可知，此处讲的是智商低的人一些不好的表现。故C项（They may show up late or fail to dress properly）他们可能会迟到或穿着不得体。承上启下，符合语境。故选C。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了测量高度珠穆拉玛峰的艰难以及其重要性。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问他们它的确切高度，很多人都不会确定。A. location位置；B. appearance外貌；C. area地区；D. height高度。根据下文的1975年以及2005年对珠峰高度的测量可知，此处指的是对其高度的精确测量。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1975年，中国测量员确定珠穆朗玛峰(Mount Qomolangma)为‎8848.13米高。A. determined确定；B. assumed假设；C. estimated估计；D. admitted承认。根据下文As ______ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were ______ to get more exact figures.应用先进的科技去进行进一步的测量可知，此空指的是中国的测量员确定珠峰的高度是‎8848.13米。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A. condition条件；B. technology技术；C. society社会；D. economy经济。根据下文的satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were ______ to get more exact figures.可知，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术都是科技。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的进步，卫星、光电、雷达和重力测量技术被用来获得更精确的数据。A. employed运用；B. expected期望；C. approached接近；D. inspired鼓舞。根据下文的to get more exact figures可知，这些高科技被运用到测量珠峰精确的高度中。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仍然要有人要携带一些设备到世界屋脊。A. weapons武器；B. vehicles交通工具；C. instruments设备；D. packages包裹。根据常识可知，测量是需要设备仪器的，此处指的是需要携带一些设备登山。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2005年，一个中国团队测量了珠穆朗玛峰，发现它并没有那么高，因为他们计算的高度是‎8844.43米。A. changed改变；B. calculated计算；C. extended延伸；D. expanded扩大。根据上文In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that以及下文the height to be 8844. 43 meters.可知，此处指的是中国登山队在2005年计算的珠峰的高度是‎8844.43米。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：攀登珠穆朗玛峰并非易事。A. glorious光荣的；B. easy容易的；C. admirable令人钦慕的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文The average air temperature there is 29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees ______ than in Antarctica.可知，攀登珠峰并不是一件容易的事。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那里的平均气温为-29摄氏度，甚至比南极洲低4摄氏度。A. colder更冷的；B. hotter更热的；C. higher更高的；D. lower更低的。根据29 degrees Celsius可知，此处表示珠峰的温度比南极洲还要低4摄氏度。故选D.‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里的雪有4 ‎-5米厚，像飓风一样的风一直在吹。A. snows 雪；B. rains雨；C. winds风；D. snowflakes雪花。根据下文的blow可知，此处表示风。故选C.‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：队员们正在接受为极端条件而战的训练。A. cope with应付；B. fight for与……斗争；C. take on承担；D. carry out实施。根据the extreme conditions.可知，此处表示登山队员们正在训练的目的是为了应付珠峰的极端条件。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的资金和人力资源，但值得付出努力。A. wasting浪费；B. spending花费；C. overcoming克服；D. involving涉及。根据huge amounts of money and human resources可知，测量珠峰的高度需要投入大量的人力和物力。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是一项艰巨的任务，涉及大量的资金和人力资源，但值得付出努力。A. effort努力；B. loss损失；C. harvest丰收；D. achievement成就。根据下文的Put to good use, it can benefit mankind，如果使用得当，它可以造福人类可知，这项任务值得去努力做。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。A. channel频道；B. window窗口；C. solution解决办法；D. entrance入口。根据下文observing crustal （地壳的）movements.可知，珠峰是观测地壳运动的最佳窗口。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：峰顶高度的变化可以表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。A. measure测量；B. foresee预见；C. indicate表明；D. expose暴露。珠峰两次测量高度的化，这就表明两个板块是朝着相向还是反方向运动。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度是如此重要。A. where哪里；B. how怎样；C. why为什么；D. whether是否。本句在讲述测量珠峰高度的重要性。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】36. Whether 37. to treat 38. anxiety 39. definitely 40. with 41. hugging 42. benefits 43. are exposed 44. an 45. more aware ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。身处绿色的开放空间可以帮助人们放松、减压。在与自然接触的过程中，人们发现了一种可以帮助治疗心理疾病的特殊疗法——自然生态疗法，文章主要讲述了什么是自然生态疗法及其对人的好处。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：无论是一个巨大的山脉还是一个当地的郊野公园，这些自然区域都是我们压力过大的生活的完美补品。Whether…or…为固定用法，意为“无论是……还是……”。故填Whether。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：它们的医疗效果正越来越多地用于治疗心理健康。分析句子可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to treat。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：“心理治疗帮助那些遭受抑郁、焦虑和压力的人。此处的anxiety与depression和stress表示并列，都是介词from的宾语。故填anxiety。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：的确，与自然世界的联系无疑能振奋我们的精神。分析句子可知，此处是副词做状语修饰位于动词lifts。故填definitely。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：相反，它只是发展了一个人与自然的关系。分析句子可知，此处表示人与自然的关系。故填with。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：这种自然疗法可以有多种形式，比如在森林里做瑜伽、园艺，甚至拥抱一棵树。分析句子可知，此处的hugging a tree与doing yoga in a forest, gardening 是并列关系，都是举例的一部分。故填hugging。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：这种“绿色”疗法有很多好处，包括改善社交、社交和工作技能以及应对能力。通过后面的including improving social contact, social and work skills and coping abilities可知，绿色疗法的好处有很多。故填benefits。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：如果我们置身于自然环境中，我们的消极情绪几乎会立刻被积极情绪所取代。be exposed to…为固定短语，意为“与……接触；暴露于……”。故填are exposed。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：诚然，生态疗法不会治愈一切，但它是治疗师的一种选择。分析句意可知，此处的option是可数名词，在本句中表示泛指“一种选择”，且首字母是元音音素，故填an。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：随着我们越来越意识到心理健康的原因和影响，我们更了解的是，帮助可能存在于我们的城镇和城市之外，大自然可以给我们提供帮助。根据下文的it’s better known that help might lie outside our towns and cities, and that nature can give us a helping hand可知，此处应用比较级，表示与过去情况的对比。故填more aware。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节 ‎【答案】‎ Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going? Hearing that you are interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine, I am writing to give you a detailed description of it. Here is some relevant information.‎ Traditional Chinese Medicine has a history of thousands of years, which can date back to remote antiquity. It is an indispensable part of Chinese culture and it has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. What is worth mentioning is that Traditional Chinese Medicine has played an important role in the treatment of novel coronavirus. The reason is that Traditional Chinese Medicine can build up people’s body and have no side effects, which is gained recognition around the world. I certainly believe if it is put to good use, it will benefit mankind.‎ If you have anything you want to know, please feel free to ask me.‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。你的英国笔友Tom听说中医药在新型冠状病毒疫情中凸显了医疗效能,对中医药非常感兴趣，请给他回一封电子邮件，为他介绍一下中医药的相关信息。‎ ‎【详解】写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括: 1.历史及地位；2.‎ 在疫情中的作用；3.发展前景；4.其他。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题対于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的开篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。‎ ‎【点睛】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如: Hearing that you are interested in Traditional Chinese Medicine, I am writing to give you a detailed description of it运用非谓语动词；Traditional Chinese Medicine has a history of thousands of years, which can date back to remote antiquity.运用了非限制定语从句；What is worth mentioning is that Traditional Chinese Medicine has played an important role in the treatment of novel coronavirus.运用了主语从句和表语从句。‎ 第二节 ‎【答案】A wave of guilt swept over me and I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late .Dad listened carefully as a sadness passed through him，“I’m angry, not with you but with myself. You see. I realize that I have failed as a father if after all these years you feel that you have to lie to me. I have failed because I have brought up a son who cannot even tell the truth to his own father. I’m going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years”.‎ But father, it’s exactly eighteen miles home from here, and it’s dark. You can’t walk back. " I begged .My protests, my apologies and the rest of my words were useless. I had let my father down. and I was about to learn one of the most painful lessons of my life. Dad began walking along the dusty roads. I quickly jumped in the car and followed behind. I apologized all the way, telling him how sorry I was, but he simply ignored me. For 18 miles he kept walking. Seeing my father in so much pain was the most awful experience that I have ever faced. However it was also the most successful lesson.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者驾车去接他的父亲，但是他因为去看电影而耽误了时间后，他谎称去修车了，最后谎言被拆穿了，这使得父亲非常生气。‎ ‎【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：一股负疚感席卷了我，我不得不承认我去看电影了，这才是我迟到的真正原因……，所以应该写父亲对此的反应是什么以及父亲的情感此时影视什么样的。第二段开头是：可是，爸爸，那儿离这儿正好十八英里，而且天又黑。你不能走回去。我恳求。本段应该写父亲对我这么做的反应是什么以及我的心里活动是什么以及我从这件事情当中得到了什么经验教训。‎ 续写时要求所续写短文的词数应为150左右；按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：protest，apologies，ignore等高级词汇；非谓语动词 I apologized all the way, telling him how sorry I was, but he simply ignored me，Dad listened carefully as a sadness passed through him. as引导的状语从句，I realize that I have failed as a father if after all these years you feel that you have to lie to me. that引导的宾语从句。‎