2020届二轮复习阅读理解热点话题专题之十六：smartshoppingcart智能购物车

2020届二轮复习阅读理解热点话题专题之十六：smartshoppingcart智能购物车

‎2020届二轮复习阅读理解热点话题专题之十六： smart shopping cart 智能购物车 Smart shopping cart智能购物车 CNN 读前导读：‎ 厌倦了排队？再等一会儿，你可能就再也不用这样了。目前，从亚马逊到硅谷的初创企业，都在努力消除零售店的生产线。‎ 一：高级实词荟萃 1. line /laɪn/ n. ‎ 2. currently /ˈkʌr(ə)ntli/ adv. ‎ 3. Silicon /ˈsɪlɪkən/ ‎ 4. startup /ˈstɑːtʌp/ n.‎ 5. ‎ eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ v. ‎ 6. retail /ˈriːteɪl/ n. ‎ 7. artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l/ adj. ‎ 8. intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒ(ə)ns/ n.‎ 9. ‎ entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv.‎ 10. ‎ skip /skɪp/ v. ‎ 11. checkout /ˈtʃekaʊt/ n. ‎ 12. sensor /ˈsensə(r)/ n. ‎ 13. place /pleɪs/ v. ‎ 14. built-in ‎ 15. scale /skeɪl/ n. ‎ 16. exit /ˈeksɪt/ v. ‎ 17. indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ v. ‎ 18. turn /tɜːn/ v. ‎ 19. employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ n. ‎ 20. summon /ˈsʌmən/ v. ‎ 1. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. ‎ 2. ceiling /ˈsiːlɪŋ/ n. ‎ 3. retailer /ˈriːteɪlə(r)/ n.‎ 4. ‎ given /ˈɡɪv(ə)n/ prep. ‎ 5. steady /ˈstedi/ adj. ‎ 6. expansion /ɪkˈspænʃ(ə)n/ n.‎ 7. Seattle /sɪˈætəl/ n. ‎ 8. force /fɔːs/ v. ‎ 9. old-school 10. unnamed /ʌnˈneɪmd/ adj. ‎ 11. talks /tɔːks/ n. ‎ 12. pilot /ˈpaɪlət/ n. ‎ 13. scan /skæn/ v. ‎ 14. barcode /ˈbɑːkəʊd/ n. ‎ 15. scanner /ˈskænə(r)/ n.‎ 16. ‎ process /ˈprəʊses/ n. ‎ 17. identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ v. ‎ 18. anytime /ˈenitaɪm/ adv. ‎ 19. raise /reɪz/ v. ‎ 20. privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ n. ‎ 二：高级词汇拓展 1. currently /ˈkʌr(ə)ntli/ adv. 现在 adj _____________________‎ 2. ‎ eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ v. 消除、根除 n ______________ ‎ 3. intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒ(ə)ns/ n. 智力、智能 adj ______________ ‎ 4. entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv. 完全地 adj ______________‎ 5. ‎ sensor /ˈsensə(r)/ n. 传感器 adj ______________‎ 6. indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ v. 指出、指明 n. ______________ adj ______________ ‎ 7. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 整个的 adv ______________ ‎ 8. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ on 依靠 adj reliable adv ______________‎ 9. steady /ˈstedi/ adj. 平稳的、稳步的 adv ______________‎ 1. expansion /ɪkˈspænʃ(ə)n/ n. 扩大、扩张 vt ______________ ‎ 2. scan /skæn/ v. 扫描 n. 扫描器、扫码器______________‎ 3. identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ v. 识别、辨认出 n______________‎ 4. privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ n. 隐私 adj ______________ adv ______________‎ 5. retail /ˈriːteɪl/ n. 零售 n. 零售商 ______________‎ 三：高级短语荟萃 1. tired of ‎ 2. eliminate lines in retail stores 3. an entirely different route ‎ 4. skip the checkout 5. smart shopping carts.‎ 6. added cameras and sensors to the carts 7. a built-in scale weighs items 8. in case 9. pay by the pound for an item 10. credit card,‎ 11. steady expansion ‎ 12. old-school thinking 13. an unnamed Seattle retailer 14. work out in the technology 15. artificial intelligence and cameras 16. customer privacy and the impact on jobs 17. real-time coupons 原汁文章思维能力提升训练 The smart shopping cart Tired of standing in line? Wait a bit longer, and you may never have to again. Currently,‎ ‎ everyone from Amazon to Silicon Valley startups are trying to eliminate lines in retail stores.‎ Amazon has opened 24 Amazon Go stores, which use cameras and artificial intelligence (AI) to see what you've taken off shelves and charge you as you walk out.‎ But others are trying an entirely different route to skipping the checkout: smart shopping carts. These companies have added cameras and sensors to the carts, and are using AI to tell what you've placed in them. A built-in scale weighs items, in case you have to pay by the pound for an item. Customers pay by entering a credit card, or by using Apple Pay or Google Pay.‎ When a customer exits the store, a green light on the shopping cart indicates that their order is complete, and they're charged. If something goes wrong, the light turns red, and a store employee is summoned.‎ The startups behind the smart carts, including Caper and Veeve, say it's much easier to add technology to the shopping cart than to an entire store. Amazon's Go stores rely on hundreds of cameras in the ceiling. The shelves also include sensors to tell when an item is removed.‎ Shariq Siddiqui, CEO of Veeve, said he's finding increased interest from retailers given Amazon's steady expansion of Go since opening the first store in Seattle in 2018. "We're always happy when Amazon is doing something," Siddiqui said. "They force retailers to get out of their old-school thinking."‎ Veeve is testing several of its shopping carts in an unnamed Seattle retailer. It's announcing a larger deployment（部署） in early 2019, and Siddiqui says the company is in talks with two of the country's 10 largest retailers.‎ But there are still kinks（小问题） to work out in the technology. Caper, which has small pilots in Canada and New York City, is currently having customers scan items on a barcode scanner built into the cart, before placing them in it. The process helps to teach the AI system to identify the store's items.‎ Anytime a business uses artificial intelligence and cameras, it raises questions about customer privacy and the impact on jobs. Ahmed Beshry, co-founder of Caper, notes that the cameras in his shopping cart point down into the cart, so only a customer's hand and part of their arm will be captured on camera.‎ Siddiqui said the shopping carts will eventually offer customers real-time coupons（优惠券）.‎ ‎ When a customer puts, say, peanut butter in their cart, they may be offered a 10% discount on jelly. He also envisioned grocery store cashiers（收银员） shifting to roles where they freely float around stores and answer customers' questions, a format similar to the Apple Store.‎ 1. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ ‎2.How does Amazon save the waiting time of consumers ?‎ ‎3: What is the other better means of skipping the checkout of consumers?‎ ‎4. How do the smart cart charge customers?‎ ‎5.In Siddiqui’s opinion, this smart cart is a good thing or bad thing?‎ 五：报刊复杂句式品鉴。‎ Caper, which has small pilots in Canada and New York City, is currently having customers scan items on a barcode scanner built into the cart, before placing them in it. ‎ 翻译：___________________________________________________________________‎ 解析：这个长句子的主干为____________________________________________________本句中 which has small pilots in Canada and New York City为定语从句修饰先行词_________________;介词短语：before placing them in it. 做句子的__________________语。‎ 双语赏析 The smart shopping cart 智能购物车 Tired of standing in line? Wait a bit longer, and you may never have to again. Currently, everyone from Amazon to Silicon Valley startups are trying to eliminate lines in retail stores.‎ 厌倦了排队？再等一会儿，你可能就再也不用这样了。目前，从亚马逊到硅谷的初创企业，都在努力消除零售店的生产线。‎ Amazon has opened 24 Amazon Go stores, which use cameras and artificial intelligence (AI) to see what you've taken off shelves and charge you as you walk out.‎ 亚马逊已经开设了24家亚马逊Go商店，这些商店使用摄像头和人工智能来查看你下架的商品，并在你走出商店时向你收费。‎ But others are trying an entirely different route to skipping the checkout: smart shopping carts. These companies have added cameras and sensors to the carts, and are using AI to tell what you've placed in them. A built-in scale weighs items, in case you have to pay by the pound for an item. Customers pay by entering a credit card, or by using Apple Pay or Google Pay.‎ 但也有人尝试了一种完全不同的方式来跳过结账：智能购物车。这些公司在手推车上增加了摄像头和传感器，并使用人工智能来告诉你放了什么。一个内置的秤称物品的重量，以防你不得不为一件物品支付英镑。客户通过输入信用卡或使用Apple pay或Google pay进行支付。‎ When a customer exits the store, a green light on the shopping cart indicates that their order is complete, and they're charged. If something goes wrong, the light turns red, and a store employee is summoned.‎ 当顾客离开商店时，购物车上的绿灯指示他们的订单已经完成，并且被收取费用。如果出了什么问题，灯就会变红，然后会召唤一名商店员工。‎ The startups behind the smart carts, including Caper and Veeve, say it's much easier to add technology to the shopping cart than to an entire store. Amazon's Go stores rely on hundreds of cameras in the ceiling. The shelves also include sensors to tell when an item is removed.‎ 包括Caper和Veeve在内的智能购物车背后的初创企业表示，将技术添加到购物车上比添加到整个商店要容易得多。亚马逊的Go商店依靠天花板上的数百个摄像头。架子上还装有传感器，可以判断物品何时被移走。‎ Shariq Siddiqui, CEO of Veeve, said he's finding increased interest from retailers given Amazon's steady expansion of Go since opening the first store in Seattle in 2018. "We're always happy when Amazon is doing something," Siddiqui said. "They force retailers to get out of their old-school thinking."‎ Veeve首席执行官谢里克西迪基表示，鉴于亚马逊自2018年在西雅图开设第一家门店以来稳步扩张Go业务，他发现零售商的兴趣在增加。”“当亚马逊做一些事情的时候，我们总是很高兴，”西迪基说他们迫使零售商摆脱旧式思维。”‎ Veeve is testing several of its shopping carts in an unnamed Seattle retailer. It's announcing a larger deployment（部署） in early 2019, and Siddiqui says the company is in talks with two of the country's 10 largest retailers.‎ Veeve正在西雅图一家不知名的零售商中测试几辆购物车。该公司宣布将在2019年初进行更大规模的部署，西迪基表示，该公司正在与该国10家最大零售商中的两家进行谈判。‎ But there are still kinks to work out in the technology. Caper, which has small pilots in Canada and New York City, is currently having customers scan items on a barcode scanner built into the cart, before placing them in it. The process helps to teach the AI system to identify the store's items.‎ 但在这项技术中仍有一些问题需要解决。Caper在加拿大和纽约市都有小规模的飞行员，目前正在让客户扫描内置在购物车中的条形码扫描仪上的商品，然后再将它们放入购物车中。这个过程有助于教人工智能系统识别商店的商品。‎ Anytime a business uses artificial intelligence and cameras, it raises questions about customer privacy and the impact on jobs. Ahmed Beshry, co-founder of Caper, notes that the cameras in his shopping cart point down into the cart, so only a customer's hand and part of their arm will be captured on camera.‎ 任何时候，一家企业使用人工智能和摄像头，都会对客户隐私和对工作的影响提出质疑。Caper的联合创始人艾哈迈德贝斯里（Ahmed Beshry）指出，他购物车里的摄像头指向购物车，因此只有顾客的手和部分手臂会被摄像头捕捉到。‎ Siddiqui said the shopping carts will eventually offer customers real-time coupons. When a customer puts, say, peanut butter in their cart, they may be offered a 10% discount on jelly. He ‎ also envisioned grocery store cashiers（收银员） shifting to roles where they freely float around stores and answer customers' questions, a format similar to the Apple Store.‎ 西迪基说，购物车最终将为顾客提供实时优惠券。当顾客把花生酱放在购物车里时，果冻可以打九折。他还设想，杂货店收银员将转变为角色，在商店里自由流动，回答顾客的问题，这种模式类似于苹果商店。‎ 同话题泛读材料 If you live in a desert, maintaining a supply of fresh water is a challenge.‎ 如果你生活在沙漠中，保持淡水的供应是个挑战。‎ One answer is desalination, but that needs a source of brine from which to remove the salt—‎ 一个答案是海水淡化，但这需要一个盐水来源来去除盐分，‎ which in turn requires that your desert be near the sea.‎ 因此也要求你所在的沙漠靠近大海。‎ Even in inland deserts, though, moisture is often present in the air as water vapour.‎ 即便是在内陆沙漠，空气中的水分也常常以水蒸气的形式存在。‎ The problem is extracting this vapor effectively and cheaply.‎ 问题是如何有效而廉价地提取这些蒸汽。‎ And that is what two groups of researchers—one at the University of Connecticut, the other at the University of California, Berkeley—hope they have managed to do.‎ 这就是两组研究人员——一组来自康涅狄格大学，另一组来自伯克利加利福尼亚大学——希望他们可以解决的问题。‎ The ease with which water can be won from air depends on that air's relative humidity.‎ 从空气中获取水分的难易程度取决于空气的相对湿度。‎ This is a measure of its current vapour content as a percentage of its maximum possible vapour content at its current temperature.‎ 湿度是空气中当前水蒸汽含量的计算方式，是当前温度下最大可能蒸汽含量的百分比。‎ A relative humidity of 100% means the air in question is holding as much water vapour as it possibly can.‎ ‎100%的相对湿度意味着空气中含有尽可能多的水蒸气。‎ A good way to get air to give up some of its moisture is therefore to cool it to the point where its relative humidity exceeds 100%.‎ 因此，让空气失去一部分水分的一个好办法是将其冷却到相对湿度超过100%的程度。‎ Sometimes this happens naturally at night, causing mist and dew to form.‎ 有时，夜间会自然发生这种情况，形成了雾和露水。‎ These can be collected in special traps in areas where liquid water is otherwise rare.‎ 在液态水稀少的地区，可以用特殊的捕集器收集雾和露水。‎ But if nocturnal cooling does not bring air all the way up to 100% relative humidity, building water traps out of special materials might give nature a helping hand.‎ 但如果夜间降温并不能将空气的相对湿度提高到100%，那么用特殊材料制造脱水器可能会给大自然一些帮助。‎ Adsorption is a process which plucks water molecules from air that has less than 100% relative humidity by attaching them to the surface of a solid material.‎ 吸附是将相对湿度小于100%的空气中的水分子吸附到固体材料表面的过程。‎ The molecules are held there by electrostatic connections called Van der Waals forces that link them with the molecules of the pertinent surface.‎ 分子通过一种被称为分子间作用力的静电连接与相关表面上的分子相连接而固定在那里的。‎ To collect a lot of water this way therefore requires a material that has two properties.‎ 因此，用这种方法收集水需要一种具备两种特性的材料。‎ One is a large surface area.‎ 其一是要有很大的表面积，‎ The other is an appropriate Van der Waals response.‎ 其二是适当的分子间作用力反应。‎ Experimental traps that employ this principle have been made using substances called metal-organic frameworks.‎ 利用这一原理的实验捕集器是用一种叫做金属——有机骨架的物质制成的。‎ These are porous molecular networks through which air can circulate.‎ 这些是多孔的分子网络，空气可以通过它们循环。‎ Their porosity gives them a huge surface area.‎ 它们的多孔性使它们具有很大的表面积。‎ And by picking the right ingredients, such as zirconium, they can be given the necessary Van der Waals properties.‎ 通过选择正确的材料，如锆，它们可以获得必要的分子间作用力性质。‎ Zirconium is, however, costly.‎ 但锆价格昂贵。‎ Moreover, once adsorbed, the water must then be released.‎ 且，一旦被吸附，水就必须被释放。‎ This means warming the adsorptive material—the warmth being provided by the sun, once it has risen.‎ 这意味着加热吸附物质，即太阳升起后提供的热量。‎ Here, metal-organic frameworks present a problem.‎ 在此，金属——有机骨架出现了一个问题。‎ They tend to reflect sunlight rather than absorbing it, and so do not heat up well.‎ 它们更倾向于反射而不是吸收阳光，因此不能很好地加热。‎ To overcome this, engineers build solid "foams" made of copper into the system.‎ 为了克服这个问题，工程师们在系统中加入了由铜制成的固体“泡沫”。‎ These heat up in the sun and transfer some of their heat to parts of the adjacent metal-organic framework where adsorbed water needs to be released.‎ 它们在太阳下受热，将一部分热量传递到邻近的金属-有机骨架上，那里被吸附的水需要被释放出来。‎ This works, but adding such foams makes an already costly technology even dearer.‎ 这种方法起了作用，但添加泡沫这种方法让本就昂贵的技术成本更高。‎ 你的泛读笔记