2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

Unit 2 The United Kingdom 一、课前基础自查 ‎ (一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1.kingdom n．　　　　　　王国 ‎2.province n. 省；行政区 ‎3.uniform n. 制服 ‎4.currency n. 货币；通货 ‎5.nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的 ‎6.architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术 ‎7.port n. 港口(城市)‎ ‎8.tense n. 时态 ‎9.navigation n. 导航；航行 ‎10.imaginary adj. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的 ‎11.royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的 ‎12.splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的 ‎13.statue n. 塑像；雕像 ‎14.thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1.accomplish vt.　　　　　　　完成；达到；实现 ‎2.conflict n. 矛盾；冲突 ‎3.unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)‎ ‎4.enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的 ‎5.possibility n. 可能(性)‎ ‎6.quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架 vi. 争吵；吵架 ‎7.sightseeing n. 观光；游览 ‎8.clarify vt. 澄清；阐明 ‎9.countryside n. 乡下；农村 ‎10.alike adj. 相同的；类似的 ‎11.consistent adj. 一致的 ‎12.plus prep. 加上；和 adj. 加的；正的；零上的 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1.unite vi.& vt.联合；团结→united adj.团结的；联合的→union n．联合；联盟；结合；协会 ‎2.convenience n．便利；方便→convenient adj.方便的 ‎3.description n．描写；描述→describe vt.描述；形容；描绘 ‎4.attract vt.吸引；引起注意→attraction n．吸引；吸引力；有吸引力的地方→attractive adj.有吸引力的 ‎5.arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理→arrangement n．布置；整理；安排 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.It's very convenient for me to buy it for you.There is a convenience store near my home.(convenient)‎ ‎2.He described the robbery in detail to the policeman and his description was very valuable — the police caught the robber in a short time.(describe)‎ ‎3.What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace.They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)‎ ‎4.Our department will be in charge of arranging the conference.Would you please ‎ ‎6.delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的→delightful adj.令人高兴的 ‎7.collection n．收藏品；珍藏；收集→collect vt.收集 ‎8.furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的→furnish vt.装修；布置→furniture n．家具 give us some suggestions on the arrangements for it? (arrange)‎ ‎5.Two days later, I was delighted to hand in all of my work on time, to my teacher's delight.(delight)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.consist_of　　　　　　　　　由……组成 ‎2.divide_...into 把……分成 ‎3.refer_to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及 ‎4.break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离 ‎5.take_the_place_of 代替 ‎6.to_one's_credit 为……带来荣誉；‎ 值得赞扬；在……名下 ‎7.leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 ‎8.break_down (机器)损坏；破坏 ‎9.in_memory_of 纪念……‎ ‎10.be_unwilling_to_do_sth. 不愿意做某事 ‎11.make_a_list_of 列……的清单 ‎12.at_one_time 曾经；一度 ‎1.Our country is like a big family, consisting_of fiftysix nations.‎ ‎2.The town was named after Mr.Smith, in_memory_of his great contribution to its development.‎ ‎3.It was foolish of you to refer_to your notes in such an important test.As a result, you got punished.‎ ‎4.Small cars may take_the_place_of big cars in the future.‎ ‎5.William isn't connected with the bomb explosion, because he broke_away_from the organization a year ago.‎ ‎6.The library is_divided_into three zones, and the upper floor is a quiet zone with over half a thousand seats for silent reading.‎ ‎7.It is greatly to_your_credit that you gave back the money you had found in the hotel.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. ‎ ‎“keep/make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ 老师讲得很慢以便能让学生理解他。‎ The teacher spoke very slowly so that he could make_himself_understood.‎ 要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。‎ ‎2.Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.‎ 由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了清单。‎ 过去分词短语作状语。‎ 在森林中迷了路，我们不得不待在原地等待救援。‎ Lost_in_the_forest,_we had to remain where we were, waiting for help.‎ ‎3.It looked splendid when first built！‎ 刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！‎ 状语从句的省略。‎ 刚被引入市场时，这些产品就取得了巨大的成功。‎ When_first_introduced_to_the_market,_these products enjoyed great success.‎ ‎4.It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. ‎ 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。‎ It seems/seemed strange that ...should do ...句型。‎ 似乎很奇怪，他竟然拒绝了我们提出的切实可行的建议。‎ It seemed strange that he should_have_rejected the practical suggestion put forward by us.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．convenience n．便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·天津高考)If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience.‎ ‎②For convenience, the two groups have been treated as one in this report.‎ ‎③The secretary arranged a convenient (convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an interview.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)for convenience　　　　　　　　 为方便起见 at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候 ‎(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人方便做某事 conveniently adv. 近便；便利 ‎(3)inconvenience n. 不方便；不便 inconvenient adj. 不方便的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(用convenient的适当形式填空)‎ ‎④My house is conveniently located just off the High Street.It's convenient for you to drop in.Please come at your convenience.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑤你如果方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持良好的心态。‎ At_your_convenience,_you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to your keeping up a good state of mind.‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。(2)convenience意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。‎ ‎2．attract vt.吸引；引起注意 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The company is starting a new campaign to attract new customers to its stores.‎ ‎②No matter how attractive (attract) they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.‎ ‎③Sichuan Province is rich in tourist attractions (attract) and enjoys many worldfamous places of interest.‎ 补全句子 ‎④As soon as the project came up at the meeting, it attracted_many_people's_attention.‎ 那个项目在会上一经提出，就引起了许多人的注意。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)attract one's attention/mind　 吸引某人的注意力 attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 ‎(2)attraction n． 吸引力；吸引；有吸引力的地方 a tourist attraction 旅游景点 ‎(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(用attract的适当形式填空)‎ ‎⑤What attracts me to go there is that there are a lot of attractions there.What's more, the dishes are also attractive.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这个展览将会吸引来自国内外的许多游客。‎ The exhibition will_attract_a_large_number_of_visitors_from_home_and_abroad.‎ ‎3．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.‎ ‎②The Jibo robot, arranged to_ship (ship) later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant.‎ ‎③If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 p．m.next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements (arrange)．‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)arrange sth.for sb.　　　　 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for ...to do sth. 安排……做某事 arrange that ... 安排……‎ ‎(2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备；布置；整理 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(arrange/arrange for)‎ ‎④I'd appreciate it if you could arrange_for Tom to pick up the experts at the airport.‎ ‎⑤He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)我们已经安排好这部短片将于明天下午4点到5点半在校剧院放映。‎ We have_arranged_that_the_short_film_will_be_on_show from 16：00 to 17：30 at our school theatre tomorrow.‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth.而不用arrange sb. to do sth.。(2)make arrangements (for sth./for sb. to do sth.)中的arrangement 常用复数形式。‎ ‎4．delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I cannot tell you how delighted (delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.‎ ‎②He was very delighted at/by/with the news that he won first prize in the competition.‎ ‎③Much to my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.‎ ‎④She is a kindhearted lady who takes delight in helping others.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)delight sb.with sth.　　　　　　 用某物使某人高兴 delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐 ‎(2)take (great) delight in 以……为乐 with delight 高兴地；愉快地 to one's delight 令某人高兴的是 ‎(3)delighted adj. 高兴的；快乐的 be delighted at/with/by 为某事而高兴 be delighted to do/in doing sth. 为做某事而高兴 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我非常高兴有机会告诉你有关中国文化和餐桌礼仪的事情。‎ ‎⑤What_delights_me is that I have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners.(delight vt.)‎ ‎⑥I'm_more_than_delighted_to have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners.(delighted)‎ ‎⑦Much_to_my_delight,_I have a good chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners.(delight n．)‎ ‎1．consist of由……组成 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ 　　　　　 由……组成 ‎(2)consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于 consist with 与……一致/相符 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.‎ ‎②Five people make up the team; in other words, the team consists of five people.‎ ‎③Students are provided with a packed lunch, consisting (consist) of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ 生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。‎ ‎④Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.‎ ‎⑤Life is_made_up_of not only sunshine but also hard times.‎ ‎⑥Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.‎ ‎2．take the place of代替；取代 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)take one's place　　　 代替；就位 take place 发生；举行 ‎(2)in place 在适当的位置；适当 in place of 代替；顶替 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①The talent show, whose theme is “Innovations on Campus”， will take_place in our school gymnasium from 8：30 to 11：30 a．m.on April 30th.‎ ‎②When his secretary went on holiday, Miss Tyson took_the_place_of him/took_his_place for a week.‎ ‎③After the dinner, an expression of thanks to the host would be in_place.‎ ‎④If I refused to go, they would send Jack to attend the meeting in_place_of me.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑤我认为人们应该意识到现代的交流方式不能取代传统的交流方式。‎ I think people should be aware that the modern modes of communication cannot take_the_place_of traditional ones.‎ ‎3．break down(机器)损坏；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；(化学)分解 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中break down的含义 ‎①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败 ‎②Your health will break down if you always stay up late.(身体)垮掉 ‎③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing.机器(损坏)‎ ‎④(2018·北京高考)Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.(化学)分解 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ break away (from)　　　　 挣脱(束缚)；脱离；摆脱 break off 中断；折断 break into 破门而入；强行闯入 break out 爆发；发生 break up 驱散；分散；打碎；分手 用法条条清(break out/break away from/break into)‎ ‎⑤She is trying to break_away_from the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.‎ ‎⑥A fire broke_out last night, which caused a lot of damage.‎ ‎⑦The room is in a mess.It must have been broken_into.‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎⑧The elevator didn't work and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.‎ ‎→The elevator broke_down and we had to walk up to the tenth floor.‎ ‎4．It seemed strange/important ... that ...‎ ‎　[教材原句]　It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①It_seemed_strange_that I should be so busy this weekend.‎ 这似乎是一件怪事：这个周末我竟然这么忙。‎ ‎②You can't imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman should_be_so_rude_to a lady.‎ 你想象不出这么彬彬有礼的绅士竟然对一位女士如此粗鲁。‎ ‎③It is a great pity that the young man should_have_missed such a golden opportunity.‎ 真可惜，这位年轻人竟会错过这样一个绝好的机会。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)It＋seems/seemed＋adj.＋that ...“好像……，似乎……”；that从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”。‎ ‎(2)should常用于名词性从句中，表示“惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此”，意为“竟然；居然”。‎ ‎(3)it作形式主语，而真正的主语是that引导的从句。常用句式有：It is important/necessary/natural/strange that ...；It is a ‎ pity/shame/pleasure/surprise that ...等。‎ 注意事项 本句型如果描述现在或将要发生的事情，用“should＋do”的形式；如果描述过去发生的事情用“should have done”的形式。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)It's a great pity that I should have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)It's strange that he should have failed the exam.‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“历史事件，文化渊源”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 话题词汇记一记 子话题(一)　英国历史 温故浅易词汇 ‎①form　　 ②war　　 ③peace　　　④government ‎⑤dynasty ⑥emperor ⑦revolution ⑧slavery ‎⑨kingdom ⑩native ⑪union ⑫history 识记生疏词汇 ‎①diverse adj.多种多样的　　 ②origin n．起源；由来 ‎③witness vt.目睹；见证 ④conflict n．冲突 ‎⑤aggression n．侵略 ⑥invader n．侵略者 ‎⑦separate v．使分开；使分离 ⑧original adj.原始的 子话题(二)　英国文化 温故浅易词汇 ‎①theatre　　②library　　③population　④valuable ‎⑤treasure ⑥wonder ⑦change ⑧exchange ‎⑨join ⑩united ⑪culture ⑫election 识记生疏词汇 ‎①construction n．建筑；建造　 ②gallery n．美术馆 ‎③attraction n．有吸引力的地方 ④museum n．博物馆 ‎⑤multicultural adj.多种文化的 ⑥recommend v．推荐 ‎⑦royal adj.王室的；皇家的 ⑧currency n．货币；通货 常用词块忆一忆 ‎①be made up of/consist of　　　 由……组成 ‎②be linked to ... 与……有关系 ‎③with/has a history of 有……的历史 ‎④be famous for ... 以……而著名 ‎⑤tourist attractions 旅游景点 ‎⑥go sightseeing 去观光 ‎⑦date from/date back to 追溯到 ‎⑧at the beginning of 在……的初期 ‎⑨pass down 使世代相传；流传 ‎⑩break away from 脱离 写作佳句背一背 ‎①Now the British universities are attracting a great number of Chinese applicants.‎ ‎②Shakespeare is known to be one of the most famous playwrights in British history.‎ ‎③How would you describe your time in London so far？What do you think of the city and British culture?‎ 二、“分步写作”表达准一点 读后续写情节发展合理化 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ I should have been born with my fingers permanently glued to a keyboard. Since I was five, I've known that I want to be a professional writer: a journalist, a novelist, a modernday Shakespeare, maybe. In my freshman year I tried to figure out what A Midsummer Night's Dream and The Tragedy of Julius Caesar were about. Macbeth was much easier to understand in my sophomore year (大二年级)．‎ However, I'm practically addicted_to books, whether I'm reading or writing them. I can't go a single day without writing something. I have made it a rule to pick up a pen and just let my thoughts out every day.‎ I can be inspired by anything: an expression, a song and a movie. Once I get_inspired,_it's like the wheels turning faster and faster as I think out one possible story after another.‎ My family is so widespread that whenever I meet with a cousin or an aunt I only vaguely (模糊地) remember; I tell him or her I'm a writer because I know it will distinguish me from all the other kids in the family and make me memorable. I told my relatives about the stories I used to write as a child, the projects I'm working on now, and why I'm working so hard to make_a_breakthrough in the competitive world of publishing. One aunt hugged me and told me, “Just don't forget about the rest of us when you become the next J．K. Rowling.”‎ Smiling, I replied, “Don't worry, I won't.” I am confident that I will become the next ‎ J．K. Rowling. I have the ambition,_the means, and the talent. My English and history teachers don't praise my writing and tell me I have an innate(与生俱来的) writing talent even though they know how passionate I am about writing, and how that passion slips through my fingertips to the paper.‎ 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1：‎ I don't really know why I love writing so much.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I can't sing to create a great work of art.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ [写作步骤]‎ 第一步：速读全文 文本大意：本文是记叙文，讲述了我酷爱写作，从小就树立了成为伟大作家的梦想。‎ 叙述意图：文章告诉我们要为实现梦想而奋斗。‎ 第二步：细读全文 ‎1．所给短文情景模式分析。‎ who I, my family, my teachers what I devote myself to becoming a professional writer.‎ when since I was five, in my freshman year, in my sophomore year where not mentioned why ‎ I am passionate about writing.‎ ‎2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。‎ ‎★事件：song, story, ambition, world ‎★动作与心理描写：understand, addicted to, get inspired, distinguish, make a breakthrough, praise 第三步：精心谋篇 ‎1．Paragraph 1：I don't really know why I love writing so much.　我不知道我为什么这么热爱写作。‎ ‎[情节分析]　由首句中的关键词语don't really know why I love writing及所给短文中作者对写作的痴迷可知，接下来的内容应该是描写作者热爱写作的原因。‎ ‎2．Paragraph 2：Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I can't sing to create a great work of art.‎ 或许我只是想在这个世界上留下我的痕迹，因为我不能靠唱歌来创造一件伟大的艺术作品。‎ ‎[情节分析]　由提示句大意可知，作者想在世界上留下痕迹，再结合所给短文大意推断出，接下来的内容应该是描写作者选择用写作在世界上留下痕迹的原因。‎ 第四步：初写成文 Paragraph 1：‎ ‎1．我总是觉得，我的意识里有个什么东西要我把故事写在纸上，让世界各地的朋友去读、去理解，要我找到合适的词来描述我在脑海中清晰地看到的东西。‎ I always feel that there is something in my mind about putting_a_story_down_on_paper for friends across the globe to read and understand, and about finding just the right words to describe what I can see so clearly in my head.‎ ‎2．这就像一首美妙的歌，吸引着我。‎ This attracts_me like a beautiful song.‎ ‎3．写作成就了我。‎ Writing makes me who_I_am.‎ ‎4．通过写作，我找到了真正的快乐。‎ Through writing I have found true_happiness.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ ‎5．虽然我是一个很好的演员，但是表演似乎并不适合我。‎ Although I am a pretty good actor, acting doesn't_seem_like the right path for me.‎ ‎6．我选择了写作使我自己在这个世界上有所突破。‎ I've chosen writing to_make_a_breakthrough in this world.‎ ‎7．我是小说家、记者和哥伦比亚大学的毕业生。‎ I am a novelist, journalist and graduate_of Columbia University. ‎ ‎8．听起来多好啊！‎ How nice it_sounds!‎ 第五步：润色升级 ‎1．用定语从句合并要点1和要点2。‎ I_always_feel_that_there_is_something_in_my_mind_about_putting_a_story_down_on ‎_paper_for_friends_across_the_globe_to_read_and_understand,_and_about_finding_just_the_right_words_to_describe_what_I_can_see_so_clearly_in_my_head,_which_attracts_me_like_a_beautiful_song.‎ ‎2．用连词so合并要点5和要点6。‎ Although_I_am_a_pretty_good_actor,_acting_doesn't_seem_like_the_right_path_for_me,_so_I've_chosen_writing_to_make_a_breakthrough_in_this_world.‎ 第六步：复查定稿 Paragraph 1：‎ I don't really know why I love writing so much. I just do. I always feel that there is something in my mind about putting a story down on paper for friends across the globe to read and understand,_and about finding just the right words to describe what I can see so clearly in my head, which attracts me like a beautiful song. Writing makes me who I am. Through writing I have found true happiness.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I can't sing to create a great work of art. Although I am a pretty good actor, acting doesn't seem like the right path for me, so I've chosen writing to make_a_breakthrough in this world. I am a novelist, journalist and graduate of Columbia University. How nice it sounds!‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·浙江高考)The easiest way to_accomplish (accomplish) this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.‎ ‎2．(2018·天津高考)The possibility (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.‎ ‎3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)A new collection (collect) of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.‎ ‎4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly (rough) 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the development of chopsticks.‎ ‎5．(2015·浙江高考)Body language can give away a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded (fold) can send out a signal that you are being defensive.‎ ‎6．(2015·天津高考)Although her description (describe) sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用attract, delight, thrilled填空)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ完形填空)Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch.He'd moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I'd last seen him.So imagine my __42__ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.‎ I was __43__！ I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet.The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.delight;_thrilled ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)The story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club performed their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking __49__ me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.This newness just left me wanting more.attracted 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：随着2018首届中国国际进口博览会在上海成功举办，中国迎来向世界学习、与国际接轨的发展良机。英国是英语和工业革命的发源地，是世界上第一个实现工业化的国家，也是一个发达国家，在很多方面值得我们学习和借鉴。建议考生多多关注英国地理和历史文化方面的相关材料。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎[1] The word “pub” is short for public house.There are around 60,000 pubs in the UK.One of the oldest pubs, Fighting Cocks in St.Albans, Hertfordshire, is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century.‎ ‎[2] __1__ People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there.Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, and many have a garden where people can sit in summer.Children can go into pub gardens with their parents.‎ ‎[3] Groups of friends normally buy “rounds” of drinks.__2__ It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy: the bar staff will usually try and serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar first.‎ ‎[4] Most pubs often have a complete range of beers, local and imported, with German, Belgian and French beers being in demand.__3__ As a matter of fact, pubs sell soft drinks, too.‎ ‎[5] The legal age to purchase alcohol is 18 in the UK.People aged 16 and 17, with the license's permission, may have only one glass of wine during a meal.__4__ It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone who already appears drunk.A fourteenyearold may enter a pub unaccompanied by an adult if he orders a meal.Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 p．m., which lets families enjoy reasonably priced pub meals together.__5__‎ ‎[6] Customs in British pubs differ from those in American bars.In most pubs in the UK, you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.‎ A．British people like drinking beers in pubs.‎ B．Pubs are an important part of British life.‎ C．But they must be with an adult and the adult orders it.‎ D．In the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter and there are fewer people.‎ E．And it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers.‎ F．The person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group.‎ G．Most people might think pubs are places where people simply drink alcohol.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了英国酒馆的相关信息。‎ ‎1．选B　空处为段落主题句。从第二段尤其是空后一句可知，英国人的生活离不开酒馆，因此B项“酒馆在英国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色”能够概括本段。‎ ‎2．选F　根据空前的“Groups of friends normally buy ‘rounds’ of drinks.”可知，此处指轮到谁，谁就要为这群朋友里的每个成员买酒。故F项符合语境。‎ ‎3．选G　上文提到大多数酒馆的酒类很齐全，当地的和进口的都有。下文提到酒馆也销售不含酒精的饮料。因此，G项“大多数人可能认为酒馆只是人们喝酒的地方”符合语境。‎ ‎4．选C　在英国，购买酒的合法年龄是18岁。16岁和17岁的孩子在有许可证的情况下，(在酒馆)一顿饭只能喝一杯葡萄酒；再结合下文中的“unaccompanied by an adult”可推知，C项“但是他们得有成年人陪伴而且由成年人点酒”符合语境。‎ ‎5．选E　空处为段落结尾句。根据空前内容可知，孩子可以和父母在酒馆待到晚上9点，这让家人可以享受定价合理的晚餐，而这也让酒馆发挥了它最传统的作用，即作为社区活动中心。故选E项。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 阅读七选五技法(二)——利用五种关系巧解段中题 ‎(1)并列关系：常用词语：first(ly), second(ly) ...; first, then/next ...; in the first place, in the second place ...; for one thing, for another ...; to begin with, to conclude等标志性词语，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。‎ ‎(2)递进关系：常用词语：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, what's more, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not...but..., not only ...but also等。‎ ‎(3)因果关系：常用词语：so/therefore, thus, consequently (结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ...，so that...等。‎ ‎(4)转折或对比关系：常用词语：but, however, yet, while/though, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless (然而), still, in contrast/comparison等。‎ ‎(5)例证关系：常用词语：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。本文第3题，由空后所在句中的as a matter of fact可选出答案。‎