2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修六Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou？单元学案设计（46页）

2019版一轮复习英语译林版必修六Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou？单元学案设计（46页）

2019 版一轮复习英语译林版必修六 Unit2 What is happiness to you？ 单元学案设计 　　 社会生活之(三)——追求幸福 [一积词汇见多识广]　 [课内单词回扣] (一)阅读词汇写其义 1．rebuild vt.重建；改建　　　　2.severe adj.严重的；严厉的； 艰巨的 3．advocate vt.拥护；支持；提倡 4.temporary adj.短暂的；暂时 的 5．procedure n．步骤，程序 6.allocate vt.分配 7．quit vt.& vi.停止；放弃；离开 8.vivid adj.清晰的，生动的， 鲜明的 9．mature adj.成熟的 vi.成熟 10.motivation n．动力，动机 (二)表达词汇写其形 1．accomplish vt.完成，实现 2.junior adj.青少年的；地位低下 的 3．thankful adj.感激的；感谢的 4.accompany vt.陪伴；伴随 5．obey v．服从，听从，顺从 6.outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出 的 7．adequate adj.足够的 8.part­time adj.& adv.兼职的(地) (三)拓展词汇灵活用 　1.assist vt.帮助，协助→assistant n．助理，助手→assistance n．帮 助，援助 *2.surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境，周围的事物 　3.suffering n．疼痛，痛苦；折磨→suffer vi.& vt.遭受；忍受 *4.appreciation n．感激，感谢；欣赏；理解；(艺术方面的)鉴定， 评估→appreciate vt.欣赏；感激 *5.adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应；改编→adaptation n．适应；改编；改 编本，改写本 *6.admirable adj.令人钦佩的，令人羡慕的→admire vt.钦佩；赞赏； 仰慕→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕 　7.unbearable adj.无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt. 承受；忍受；承担 　8.directly adv.径直地；直接地 conj.一……就……→direct adj.直 的；直接的；直率的 v.导演；指示；指挥→direction n．方向，方位； (常用复数)用法说明→director n．主管；导演 *9.entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐；招待，款待→entertain vt. 使快乐；招待，款待→entertaining adj.有趣的，使人愉快的 　10.predict vt.预言，预告，预报→prediction n．预言，预测，预 告→predictor n．预言者 　11.instant adj.即食的，方便的；立刻的 n.瞬间，片刻→instantly adv.立刻，立即，马上 conj.一……就…… 用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空 1．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very admirable. In other words, we admired the artists for their admirable skills. 2 ． Once upon a time, there was a king who was very polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by tall trees and with wonderful surroundings. 3 ． Though they appreciated her help, she thought that their appreciation seemed not to be enough. 4．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment,_so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class. 5．The film is adapted from his story. It mainly tells us his quick adaptation to the new environment, and in fact, at first he thought he couldn't adapt himself to the changed environment. [话题单词积累] 1．happiness /'hæpɪnəs/ n．　　　幸福；高兴 2．attitude /'ætɪtjuːd/ n. 态度； 看法 3．pessimistic /ˌpesɪ'mɪstɪk/ adj. 悲观的 4．optimistic /ɒptɪ'mɪstɪk/ adj. 乐观的 5．relaxing /rɪ'læksɪŋ/ adj. 令人轻松的 6．compliment /'kɒmplɪmənt/ n. 恭维；敬意 7．active /'æktɪv/ adj.积极的，活跃的 8．pleasant /'pleznt/ adj. 令人愉快的 9．sincerely /sɪn'sɪəli/ adv.真诚地；诚恳地 10．frustrated /frʌ'streɪtɪd/ adj. 挫败的 11．lifestyle /'laɪfstaɪl/ n. 生活方式 12．recognize /'rekəgnaɪz/ vt. 认出；识别 13．expectancy /ɪk'spektənsi/ n. 期待，期望 14．enjoyment /ɪn'dʒɔɪmənt/ n. 享受 15．emotion /ɪ'məʊʃn/ n．情感，感情；情绪 16．well­being /ˌwel'biːɪŋ/ n．幸福；生活安宁 17．mood /muːd/ n. 心情，心境 18．kindness /'kaɪn(d)nəs/ n. 仁慈；友好 19．gratitude /'grætɪtjuːd/ n. 感激，感谢 20．repay /rɪ'peɪ/ vt.偿还；付还；报答；酬报 21．fulfillment /fʊl'fɪlmənt/ n．完成；满足(感) 22．brighten /'braɪtn/ vt.& vi. (使)明亮 23．meaning /'miːnɪŋ/ n. 意思，意义 24．complain /kəmpleɪn/ vi.& vt. 抱怨，诉苦 25．desire /dɪ'zaɪə(r)/ vt.& n. 希望；渴望 26．achieve /ə'tʃiːv/ vt.取得；获得；实现 27．pursue /pə'sjuː/ vt. 追求 28．freedom /'friːdəm/ n. 自由 29．touch /'tʌtʃ/ vt. 使感动；触动 30．self­respect /'selfri'spekt/ n. 自重 31．grasp /grɑːsp/ vt. 抓住；了解 32．share /ʃeə(r)/ vt.& vi. 共有；共用 33．stable /'steɪbl/ adj. 稳定的 34．satisfied /'sætɪsfaɪd/ adj.满意的，满足的 35．satisfying /'sætɪsfaɪɪŋ/ adj. 令人满意的 36．satisfaction /sætɪs'fækʃn/ n. 满足，满意 37．cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ vt.欢呼；使高兴 38．value /'væljuː/ vt. 评价；重视 39．content /'kɒntent/ adj.满足的，满意的 40．seek /siːk/ vt.寻找，探寻；追求，谋求 41．healthy /'helθi/ adj. 健康的 [二积短语顿挫抑扬]　 [课内短语回扣] (一)根据汉语写出下列短语 *1.apart_from 远离；除了　　　　　　　　2.devote_oneself_to 专心于 *3.cheer_up 高兴起来，振作起来 　4.in_good_spirits 心情好 *5.adapt_to 适应；改编；使适合 *6.go_after 追求；谋求 *7.on_one's_own 单独；独立地 　8.head_for 行进，前往 　9.at_that_point 在那时；在那个阶段 *10.in_a_rush 匆忙地， 急切地 　11.to_one's_relief 使人欣慰的是 　12.look_back_on 回想起 　13.ahead_of 在……前面；早于 　14.be_aware_of_ 意识到 　15.feel_caught_between 在……之间感到左右为难 (二)用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子 1．Now that I live on_my_own,_I get to deal with my duties without being told to. 2 ． Having settled in that remote area, the young man quickly adapted_to the weather. 3．Apart_from industrial use, plastics have found wide application in our daily life. 4 ． I do hope she can cheer_up and accept the challenge of life bravely. 5．Go_after your goals and don't be afraid to ask for assistance. 6．When you believe in somebody, don't be in_a_rush to change your mind. [话题短语积累] 1．be related to　　　　　　与……有关 2．be satisfied/content with 对……满意 3．depend on 依靠，依赖，取决于 4．have an effect on 对……有影响 5．mental health 精神健康 6．communicate with 与……交流 7．lie in/consist in 在于 8．compared with 与……相比较 9．as a whole 总的说来 10．contribute to 促成，是……的成因之一 11．make a living 谋生 12．fit in with 适应，适合 13．be ready to 乐意 14．be eager to 渴望 15．have a desire for 有……欲望 16．put yourself in others' shoes 换位思考 17．make the most of 充分利用 18．let go of 释放，放开 19．in one's whole life 某人整个一生 [三积句式写作扮靓]　 [课内句式仿写] 1．独立主格结构 [例句]　I have received letters from so many people, all expressing their concern. [仿写]　泰山长期以来都是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，许多中国传 奇故事都与它有关。(2017·北京高考满分作文) Mount Tai has long been a popular tourist attraction, many_Chinese_legendary_stories attached_to_it. 2．it feels like ...“似乎，感觉好像……” [例句]　It feels like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical. [仿写]　现在好像越来越多的外国人对中国的剪纸感兴趣。 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文) Now it_feels_like more and more foreigners are getting interested in Chinese paper­cutting. 3．省略 to 的不定式作表语 [ 例句] 　All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home. [仿写]　作为你的好朋友，我唯一能做的事情就是帮你快速提高 你的汉语。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文) As your good friend, the only thing I can do is help_you_improve_your_Chinese_quickly.,[话题佳句背诵] 1．Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money. 也许你觉得拥有更多的钱能够很容易增加你的幸福。 2．True happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have. 真正的幸福会在我们学会对我们所拥有的感到满足时来临。 3．Happiness lies first of all in health, as everyone knows. 幸福首先源于健康，这是大家都知道的。 4 ． Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. 幸福和成功往往降临到那些善于意识到自己优点的人的身上。 5．You can't complain of being left out when you don't make any effort to share your happiness and sorrow with others. 既然你没努力跟别人分享快乐与痛苦，你就不能抱怨被忽略。 6 ．You never know where happiness will turn up next, so grasp every chance around you. 你永远不会知道幸福接下来会在哪里出现，所以你要抓住身边的 每一个机会。 [四背语段语感流畅]　 What is happiness? I think if you ask thousands of time this question, you may get thousands of answers. Because happiness varies from person to person in its meaning, even varies from time to time in one's whole life. Some of them may feel happy if they have a healthy body; some of them may think happiness is related to money. Aristotle once wrote that “Happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether you're seeking life­long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you've got to move forward. 幸福是什么？我想如果你问上千遍这个问题，你可能会得到成千 上万的答案。因为幸福的意义是因人而异甚至在人的一生中又不时变 化的。有些人可能为拥有一个健康的身体而感到幸福，有些人可能认 为幸福是与金钱息息相关的。亚里士多德曾经写道，“幸福是一种活 动状态”。换句话说，无论你是在追寻长期的满足还是暂时的高兴， 都必须要向前走。 [第一板块　重点词汇突破]　 [师生共研词汇] 1．surround vt.围绕，环绕 　[教材原句]　To some, happiness is being surrounded by family and friends. 对于一些人而言，幸福就是被家人和朋友围绕着。 (1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth. 　　　　　　　　　　使某人/物包围某人/物 be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings n．环境(指周围具体的物质环境) ①I live in a big house, which is_surrounded_with/by trees. 我住在一所大房子里，四周被树环绕着。 ② He looked more relaxed, as if some of the harmony from his surroundings (surround) had flowed into him. 他看起来放松了些，仿佛周围的和谐环境感染了他。 ③The surrounding (surround) villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city. 周围的村庄已经并入了不断扩展的城市之中。 2．adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应；改编 　[教材原句]　And how has Sang Lan adapted to her new life? 那么桑兰是如何适应她的新生活的呢？ (1)adapt (oneself) to　　　使……适应…… adapt ... from ... 根据……改编某物 be adapted for ... 为……而改写/改编 (2)adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的 adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本 ①It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to_adapt_to_the_new_environment abroad. 是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。 ② The TV plays adapted from adventure stories caught the imagination of many a young viewer. 根据冒险故事改编的电视剧激发了很多年轻观众的想象力。 ③Three of her novels have been_adapted_for TV series. 她的长篇小说中有三部已被改编成了电视剧。 3．accompany vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏 　[高考佳句]　We did a lot for the elderly at the nursing home, cleaning their rooms, washing clothes for them and accompanying them.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) 我们在敬老院为老人做了许多，打扫房间，为他们洗衣服，并陪 伴他们。 (1)accompany sb.＝keep sb. company　陪伴某人 accompany sb. to someplace　陪伴/陪同某人到某地 (2)accompany sb. at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由……伴奏/伴随 (3)company n. [U] 陪伴；陪同 companion n. [C] 同伴；伙伴 in the company of sb. 在某人的陪伴/陪同下 ①Last night, my companions kept_me_company to see a film and then they accompanied_me_to my home. 昨天晚上，我的伙伴们陪我看了一场电影然后陪我回了家。 ②He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see what's wrong with his stomach. 他陪他的老父亲去医院查看他的胃部出了什么问题。 ③ While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano. 她在台上唱歌时，她母亲在为她弹钢琴伴奏。 ④The boy went to the kindergarten in_the_company_of his mother. 这个小男孩在他妈妈的陪伴下去了幼儿园。 [名师点津]　汉语中的“陪伴某人做某事”用英语不能表达成 “accompany sb. to do sth.”而是表达成“to do sth. in the company of sb.”。 4．entertainment n．娱乐活动；娱乐；招待，款待 　[教材原句]　At the weekends, for entertainment I could see friends, visit my grandparents, read books or play sport. 到了周末，为了寻找乐趣，我可以去看望朋友、爷爷奶奶，读书 或者进行体育锻炼。 (1)to one's entertainment　　　使某人高兴的是 (2)entertain vt. 使娱乐，使快乐；招待 entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人 entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐 (3)entertaining adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的 ①The quality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment (entertain)． 生活质量提高了，看电影被看作是一种很好的娱乐方式。 ②My father entertained_us_with a stream of jokes. 我的爸爸讲了一连串的笑话逗我们开心。 ③He entertained his friends to dinner yesterday. 他昨天招待朋友吃饭。 5．assist vt.帮助，协助 　[教材原句]　We will have handy robots and computers to assist us with the things that are boring. 我们将会有便捷的机器人和电脑来帮助我们处理那些枯燥无味 的事情。 (1)assist (sb.) to do/in doing sth.　帮助(某人)做某事 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 (2)assistance n. 帮助，援助 ask for one's assistance 请求某人帮忙 come/go to sb.'s assistance 来/去帮助某人 with the assistance of 在……的帮助下 assistant n. 助理，助手 ①The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing (trace) the man. 紧急要求公众帮助警方追踪此人。 ②My grandpa can walk only with_the_assistance_of walking stick now. 我爷爷现在只能靠拐杖走路。 ③Mary was chosen as an assistant (assist) to help Mr Brown finish his research. 玛丽被选为助理帮助布朗先生完成他的研究。 6．instant adj.即时的，方便的；立刻的 n.瞬间，片刻 　[教材原句]　Maybe there will even be automatic kitchens to cook instant meals for us. 或许甚至将有自动厨房为我们做即时饭菜。 (1)for an instant 　　　　　 一瞬间 in an instant 一会儿，马上，立刻 the instant ... 一……就…… (2)instantly adv. 马上，立即 conj. 一……就…… ① She did not hesitate but answered the question the teacher had asked in_an_instant. 她毫不犹豫地立即回答了老师问的那个问题。 ②I think instant_coffee is becoming more and more popular. 我觉得速溶咖啡变得越来越流行了。 ③ I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice instantly/the_instant I picked up the phone. 我对他如此熟悉，一接起电话就听出了他的声音。 [联想发散]　用作连词引导时间状语从句表示“一……就……” 的词语还有：the moment/minute; immediately/directly; as soon as; no sooner ... than; hardly/scarcely ... when...; on/upon doing sth. 等。 [自主练通词汇] 1．advocate vt.拥护；支持；提倡 　单句语法填空 ① Many experts advocate rewarding (reward) your child for good behaviour. ②People advocate that everyone (should)_walk (walk) to work. ③It is advocated that everyone (should)_live (live) a low­carbon life. [点拨]　advocate 后接动词时要用 v.­ing 形式；advocate 后接从 句时，从句中要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)do”。 2．quit vt.& vi.停止；放弃；离开；辞去(工作)；辍学 　单句语法填空/完成句子 ① You must quit smoking (smoke). Most important of all, you should start taking exercise. ② If you really want my advice, I don't think you should quit_school (退学)． [词汇过关练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Surround yourself with people you can always learn something from. 2．The musician accompanied the promising singer at/on_the piano. 3．This book is copyright protected so no adaptation (adapt) should be made without the writer's permission. 4．Local villagers assisted the doctors to_look (look) after the people injured in the bus crash. 5．Some people advocated limiting (limit) the number of cars on the main road. 6．I like to entertain friends with music and refreshments at home. 7 ． He has only six months to live if he doesn't quit drinking (drink)． 8．With time going by, I gradually adapted myself to the school life. 9．That noise is unbearable (bear)! I'm going to lose my hearing. 10 ． He shook me by the hand and we opened a conversation instantly (instant)． Ⅱ.单句改错 1．After graduation from college, I gradually adapted myself to live on my own. live→living 2 ． Surrounding by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China. Surrounding→Surrounded 3．We ended with Blake's Jerusalem, accompanied by the piano by Black.第一个 by→on/at 4 ． He promised to entertain me with dinner if I could help him. with→to 5 ． Instant we were inside, the rain began to bucket down.Instant→Instantly Ⅲ.单句多译(一句多译) 1．我们将帮助你找到一份更好的工作。 ①We_will_assist_you_in_finding_a_better_job.(assist sb. in doing) ②We_will_assist_you_to_find_a_better_job.(assist sb. to do) ③ With_the_assistance_of_us,_you_will_find_a_better_job.(with the assistance of) 2．我的叔叔还没能戒烟，但是至少他少抽了一些。 ①My uncle hasn't been able to quit_smoking,_but at least he has cut down. ②My uncle hasn't been able to give_up_smoking,_but at least he has cut down. ③My uncle hasn't been able to stop_smoking,_but at least he has cut down. ④My uncle hasn't been able to get_rid_of_smoking,_but at least he has cut down. [第二板块　短语、句式突破]　 1．apart from 远离，和……不在一起；除了，除……之外(还有) 　[教材原句]　Even though her training meant that she had to live apart from her parents, she was happy to devote herself to gymnastics. 参加训练意味着她不能和父母住在一起，但尽管如此，她还是乐 意献身体操事业。 ①Apart from (＝In_addition_to/Besides/As_well_as) their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain. 他们除了在伦敦有一座房子外，在西班牙还有一座别墅。 ②She usually goes to work by bike apart_from/but/except/except_for on rainy days. 除了雨天之外，她总是骑自行车上班。 2．go after 追求，追赶；谋求 　[教材原句]　Some people advocate going after pleasure in order to find happiness. 为了寻找幸福有些人提倡追求享乐。 go against　　　反对；违反 go ahead 开始，继续；进行；干吧 go by (时间)过去 go in for 从事，爱好 go for　　　适用于……；喜欢 go over 检查，复习 go through 检查；用完；经历 go on with 继续 ①If you go_against nature, it will punish you. 如果你违背了大自然，它就会惩罚你。 ②To get a better grade, you should_go_over the notes again before the test. 为了取得更好的成绩，你应该在考试前再复习一下笔记。 ③I'm trying to be more centred, and not fall apart when I go_through difficult things. 在我历经艰难之时，我努力让自己保持镇定自若，不要崩溃。 ④Many people went_in_for writing, music, dramatics and similar activities. 很多人从事绘画、音乐、戏剧和其他类似活动。 3 ． It_feels_like allocating adequate time for each is just not practical. 要给每件事分配足够的时间，似乎是不切实际的。 　句型“It feels like ...”可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好 像……，似乎……” (1)feel like 意为“想要”，后面接名词、代词或 v.­ing 形式，表 示“想要某物”或“想要做某事” (2)feel like 还有“感到像……，摸起来像……”的意思 ①I was only there two days, but it_felt_like_a_week. 我只在那里待了两天，但好像过了一个星期似的。 ②You and I feel_like_old_friends at first sight and destined to be very good cooperative partners long time ago. 我和你一见如故，好像很久以前就注定要成为很好的合作伙伴一 样。 ③It_felt_like he had run a marathon. 感觉他好像跑了一个马拉松似的。 ④ Sometimes when I look into the blue sky, I feel like making_a_trip_somewhere. 当我看到蓝蓝的天空时，我很想到某个地方旅行。 4. All I had to do was go to school and spend a few hours studying when I came home. 我要做的事情就是上学，以及回家后再学习几个小时。 　句中 and 连接省略 to 的不定式短语“go to school”和“spend a few hours studying”作表语。当主语部分含有动词 do 的某种形式时，作表 语的不定式可以省略不定式符号 to。不定式作表语时省略 to 的常见 情况： (1)all 作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词 do 的某种形 式时。 (2)what 引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词 do 的某种形式 时。 (3)(主句)主语为 the only, the first, the least 或形容词最高级等或主 语被这些词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词 do 的 某种形式时。 (4)一些含有 but 的固定搭配如 can not help but, can not choose but, can not but 等结构中，but 后面跟不带 to 的动词不定式。 ①I'm so tired in the evenings, all I want to do is sit_and_listen_to_music. 我每天晚上累得什么都不想做，只想坐下来听音乐。 ②What_you_need_to_do_is_just_follow the instructions and rules. 你所需要做的只是遵守这些指示和规则。 ③The_first_thing_that_I_want_to_do_is_rush home and tell my parents the good news. 我想做的第一件事就是飞奔回家告诉我父母这个好消息。 ④It rained hard, so they_couldn't_choose_but_stay at home. 雨下得很大，所以他们只得待在家里。 [短语、句式过关练] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Before the party had been going half an hour, everyone was in good spirits. 2．We should go after what we want and do so in appropriate ways. 3．Apart from a few grammatical mistakes, this composition is well written. 4．Never forget to find out the direction when you are in a rush. 5 ． Having ridden for some time, he turned the horse around and headed for home. 6．It's time you stood on your own two feet. 7．It feels like the summer is just around the corner. 8．All you have to do now is fill (fill) in the form. Ⅱ.选词填空 apart from， in good spirits， adapt (oneself) to， go after ， be accompanied by ， to one's relief ， ahead of ， be full of 1 ． To_her great relief,_her missing son was found and is now at police station. 2．When you go to a new country, you must adapt_yourself_to new manners and customs. 3．Our restaurant offers varieties of delicious food apart_from good service. 4．Our teachers tell us we shouldn't go_after fame and wealth. 5 ． More often than not, bad weather is_accompanied_by strong winds. 6．Their letters of support made me in_good_spirits all day long, and I was grateful to my friends for what they had done to me. 7．If you admit that life is_full_of beauty, be never too busy to enjoy the wonder of life. 8．Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead_of schedule. Ⅲ.翻译句子 1．我决定不了要不要去争取这份工作。(go after) I_can't_decide_whether_to_go_after_the_job_or_not. 2．除了她的名字外，他们对她一无所知。(apart from) They_knew_nothing_about_her_apart_from_her_name. 3．你必须做的是考虑你的强项和弱点分别在哪里。(省略 to 的不 定式作表语) What_you_must_do_is_consider_where_your_strengths_and_weakn esses_lie. 4．感觉好像很快下雨了，你最好带把伞。(It feels like ...) It_feels_like_raining_soon_and_you'd_better_take_an_umbrella. 5．我在出国深造和找工作之间左右为难。(feel caught between) I_feel_caught_between_going_abroad_for_further_study_and_looki ng_for_work. [课堂双线提能]　　　　　　　课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 go after， surround， outstanding， accompany， advocate， in low spirits， instant， assist 1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语) ①很多人认为幸福意味着追名逐利。 Many think that happiness means going_after_fame_and_wealth. ②但对我来说，幸福意味着与家人和朋友在一起。 But for me, it seems likely to be_surrounded_by family and friends. ③在我上中学时，我的同学杰克，是一名优秀的学生。 When I studied at middle school, I had a classmate named Jack, who_was_an_outstanding student. ④每天他都在学校陪着我，我们倡议共享一切。 He accompanied_me_at_school every day and we advocated_sharing_everything. ⑤我一有愉快的事情，就会告诉他与他一起分享。 The_instant I had something pleasant, I would tell him and share it with him. ⑥当他情绪低落时，我会让他振作起来。 When he_was_in_low_spirits,_I would try to cheer him up. ⑦当他处于困境中时，我愿意马上帮他摆脱困境。 When he was in trouble, I would like to assist_him_in_getting_out_of_trouble in an instant. 2．升级平淡句 (1)用“It feels like ...”句式改写句② But_for_me,_it_feels_like_being_surrounded_by_family_and_frien ds. (2)用“hardly ... when ...”倒装句式改写句⑤ Hardly_had_I_had_something_pleasant_when_I_would_tell_him_a nd_share_it_with_him. 3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：besides, to be honest) Happiness means different things to different people. Many think that happiness means going after fame and wealth. But for me, it feels like being surrounded by family and friends. When I studied at middle school, I had a classmate named Jack, who was an outstanding student. He accompanied me at school every day and we advocated sharing everything. Hardly had I had something pleasant when I would tell him and share it with him. Besides, when he was in low spirits, I would try to cheer him up. When he was in trouble, I would like to assist him in getting out of trouble in an instant. To be honest, I am sure that this is happiness. It will exist in my memory for ever. 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——双 重定语从句] 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文 长难 句 Everyone who saw her, from nurses to famous visitors like Leonardo DiCaprio from the film Titanic, who went to see her in the hospital to cheer her up, all said she was in good spirits. 本句中第一个 who 引导限制性定语从 句，修饰 Everyone， 第二个 who 引导非 限制性定语从句修 饰 famous visitors。 all 是 Everyone 的同 位语。 真题 长难 句 This is called “herd immunity”， which protects the people who 句中 which 引导非 限制性定语从句修 饰先行词 herd 这被称为“群 体免疫”，它能 保护那些易受 伤害的人，包 括那些因为医 学原因不能注 射疫苗的人， 太小而不能打 疫苗的婴儿， 以及那些疫苗 不起作用的人。 get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work.(2017·北京高考) immunity，第一个 who 引导定语从句 修饰 the people，第 二个 who 引导定语 从句修饰 those, on ＋whom 引导定语 从句修饰 people。 “追求幸福”是高中新课程标准 24 个话题“社会生活”的子话 题。当今社会的热点之一就是幸福指数。为了顺应时代的潮流，此话 题多在高考试题的阅读理解、完形填空和写作中出现。 一、话题与语篇 [考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2016·天津高考阅读 C) [1]When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier. [2]These are the findings of a 40­year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence ( 能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.” [3]Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mental­health scores with their boyhood­activity scores. Points were awarded for part­time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems. [4]The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. [5]Working — at any age — is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings ( 基 础 ) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.” 46．What do we know about John? A．He enjoyed his career and marriage. B．He had few childhood playmates. C．He received little love from his family. D．He was envied by others in his childhood. 47.Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________. A．a description of personal values and social values B．an analysis of how work was related to competence C．an example for parents' expectations of their children D．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men 48．Vaillant's team obtained their findings by ________. A．recording the boys' effort in school B．evaluating the men's mental health C．comparing different sets of scores D．measuring the men's problem solving ability 49 ． What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．Quick to react.　　　 B．Having a thin edge. C．Clear and definite. D．Sudden and rapid. 50．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Competent adults know more about love than work. B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. C．Love brings more joy to people than work does. D．Independence is the key to one's success. [策略指导]　 (一)这样读文 第 1 步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结 构 第 1 段 第 1 段画波浪线部 分 约翰小时候辛劳，成年后更 幸福 现象 第 2～4 段 第 2、4 段画波浪线 部分 研究表明，小时候劳动与长 大成年后的幸福感有密切 关系 论证 第 5 段 第 5 段画波浪线部 分 青少年时期的劳动会让人 精神健康，劳动很重要 结论 第 2 步：微观突破理解障碍 [尝试翻译]　男性在少年时期干过的工作和成年后他们会成为 什么样的人之间的关系是非常清晰的。 (二)这样做题 [名师解题] 46．细节理解题。选 A　根据第一段中的“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.”可知，约翰享受工作和 婚姻带来的快乐。A 项为同义替换。B 项“他几乎没有儿童玩伴”为 无中生有；C 项“他几乎得不到家庭的爱”为曲解文意；D 项“在青 少年时期被别人嫉妒”为无中生有。 47．推理判断题。选 D　第二段的第二句告诉我们，小时候劳动 的男孩要比不劳动的男孩成年后更能享受生活且更富有创造性，后面 紧接着引用 Vaillant 的话来进一步解释为什么有些男孩成年后会享受 快乐的生活。D 项为合理推断。A 项“个人价值和社会价值的描述” 为混淆视听；B 项“劳动与能力之间的联系分析”为混淆视听；C 项 “父母对孩子期望的例子”为无中生有。 48．细节理解题。选 C　根据第三段的内容可知，Vaillant 的团 队通过比较几组不同的得分情况得出了他们的结论。C项为同义替换。 A 项“记录孩子们在学校里的努力情况”；B 项“评价男性的精神健 康”；D 项“衡量男性解决问题的能力”均为混淆视听。 49．词义猜测题。选 C　根据画线词后面的一句可知，孩提时代 的劳动和长大后的生活之间的联系是显而易见的。C 项为合理猜测。A 项“快速反应”；B 项“边缘薄”；D 项“快速，突然”均为曲解文意。 50．推理判断题。选 B　根据第五段的内容可知，孩提时代的劳 动能够培养一个人多方面的能力，这些能力正是情感健康的基础，同 时也能帮助他们过上更快乐的生活。由此可推断出情感健康对享受精 彩的成年生活十分重要。B 项为合理推断。A 项“有能力的成年人更 懂得爱而不是劳动”为曲解文意；C 项“爱比劳动更能给人带来快乐” 为曲解文意；D 项“独立是一个人成功的关键”为无中生有。 [阅读理解系列技法 12]　重视阅读理解中的“举例处” 阅读理解中的举例处(故事、引言等)是命题人命制试题时特别钟 爱的地方，因此应该引起我们的高度重视。这些例子往往与作者的观 点和结论有很大的关联，具有重要作用，因此也成了常见的命题点。 这类题目在文章中的线索非常明显，一般都带有如下的标志性词语： for example, for instance, take ...as an example, as, such as, like 等。举例 子的作用通常有三个： 第一、证明论点：通常论点在前，例证在后。 第二、引出话题或结论：一般例子在前，话题和结论在后。 第三、通过举例对比突出强调事物的某一方面。 例如第 47 题，本段的主旨是研究表明那些少年时劳动的人比那 些不劳动的人生活会更幸福。本段中引用 Vaillant 的话“那些在社区 或在家中工作过的男孩会获得能力，也会逐渐感觉到自己是社会中有 价值的一员”，由此可推断出这里实际上是解释说明本段主旨的，所 以答案为 D 项。 (三)这样积累 1．weed v．　　给……除杂草 2．productive adj. 富有成效的，具有创造性的 3．responsibility n. 责任，职责 4．cooperate v. 合作，配合 5．feel good about ... 自我感觉良好 6．deal with 处理，应付 二、话题与写作 [考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2013·浙江高考) 请以“One Thing I'm Proud of”为题，用英语写一篇 100～120 个 词的短文，记述一件你自己认为得意的事情。要求如下： 1．记述事情经过； 2．简要说明你感到得意的原因或从中得到的启示。 注意：文章的标题已给出(不计入总词数)。 [写作规范]　 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 1．在一个寄宿家庭　　　　　at_a_host_family 2．设想成功做某事 manage_to_do_sth. 3．使自己适应…… adapt_oneself_to 4．在我的努力下 with_my_great_efforts 5．倾向于做某事 tend_to_do_sth. 6．总之 in_a_word 7．以……为自豪 be_proud_of 第二步：列全要点，写对句子保基本分 1．我必须在学校学习，住在寄宿家庭中。 I_had_to_study_at_a_school_and_stay_at_a_host_family. 2．在居住的一个月中，我还是努力使自己适应了美国的生活方 式，帮助他们理解了中国文化中最好的一面。 During_the_one­month_stay,_I_managed_to_adapt_myself_to_the_ American_lifestyle_and_help_them_understand_the_best_part_of_Chine se_culture. 3．通过我的努力，他们都成为我最好的朋友并对中国开始产生 极大的兴趣。 With_my_great_efforts,_they_all_became_my_best_friends_and_te nded_to_take_great_interest_in_China. 4．让我高兴的是，我已成为这个家庭的一分子了。 To_my_great_joy,_I_had_become_a_member_of_the_family. 5．我很高兴我们发展了友谊。 I'm_glad_we_developed_a_friendship. 6．我们来自不同的国家。 We're_from_different_countries. 7．在这么短的时间内能够获得友谊。 I_was_able_to_win_their_friendship_in_a_very_short_time. 8．这是我生活中最自豪的事情。 This_is_what_I_am_most_proud_of_in_my_life. 第三步：句式升级，打造亮点得高分 1．将句 5、6 用 though 合并 I'm_glad_we_developed_a_friendship_though_we're_from_differe nt_countries. 2．将句 7、8 用动名词作主语合并 Being_able_to_win_their_friendship_in_a_very_short_time_is_what _I_am_most_proud_of_in_my_life. 第四步：过渡衔接，润色成文创满分 One Thing I'm Proud of Last summer, I spent one month in California as a visiting student. I had to study at a school and stay at a host family. There were seven people in their family, the parents, four daughters and one son. During the one­month stay, I managed to adapt myself to the American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture. With my great efforts, they all became my best friends and tended to take great interest in China. To my great joy, I had become a member of the family. I'm glad we developed a friendship though we're from different countries. In a word, being able to win their friendship in a very short time is what I am most proud of in my life. [单元检测·高考提能] [语言基础扎根练] Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 1．We were filled with deep sorrow (悲伤) at the death of such a great scientist. 2 ． Though it is a temporary ( 临 时 的 ) job, I still can earn some money to help my parents. 3．Adapted (改编) from Yan Geling's novel, Lu Fan Yanshi, the film describes an old man's emotional return to his family after decades of separation. 4．Nutritionists and dietitians advocate (提倡) a reduction in fats in the human diet. 5 ． France is willing to accompany ( 陪 同 ) China via its development, and is willing to cooperate with China in fields including science and technology. 6．You can minimize the dangers of driving by taking care to obey (遵守) the rules of the road. 7．If we hadn't made adequate (足够的) preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful. 8．He has not quitted (放弃) smoking, but he is holding down to three cigarettes a day. 9．Every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful (感激的) to those who made it possible. 10．I thought clearly enough to allocate (分配) my time properly in the exam. 11 ． Chinese art has won the appreciation (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China. 12 ． You can hardly imagine the sufferings (suffer) she has been undergoing. 13 ． It is perseverance that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable (admire) in spite of difficulties and discouragement. 14．Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation (motivate) and a tendency to put off things. 15．We headed directly (direct) for the airport after we have checked out of the hotel. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．When are you going to quit act like a fool? act→acting 2．The best way he could think of at that time was give the boy more money.was 后加 to 3．He found the ticket a friend gave him was left at home instant he arrived at the theatre. instant 前加 the 或 instant→instantly 4 ． If you have difficulty adjusting to the new surrounding, don't hesitate to turn to me for help.surrounding→surroundings 5 ． Apart for coal, the most important natural fuels are gas and oil.for→from 6．At 8 am, we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set out for the top in high spirit.spirit→spirits 7．Now you've passed your test you can drive in your own.in→on 8 ． Dreams are something for us to go for and work for. 第 二 个 for→after 9．His adventurous experiences in Africa have been adapted from the screen.from→for 10 ． This is actually a very entertained book putting over serious health messages.entertained→entertaining Ⅲ.补全句子 1．天气这么好，我想出去野餐。 It is such a fine day. I_feel_like_going_out_for_a_picnic. 2．放学后他做的第一件事是完成作业。 The first thing he did was_finish_his_homework after school. 3．他觉得很难适应新文化，因为他已经习惯了自己的文化。 He finds it difficult to_adapt_to_the_new_culture as he has been used to his own culture. 4．我生病时我的朋友过来陪我去看医生。 My friend came to accompany_me_to_hospital while I was ill. 5．为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定给你的中文班 捐赠一些书。 To_assist_the_students_in_learning/to_learn_Chinese_better,_our school has decided to donate some books to your Chinese class. [话题语篇高考练] Ⅳ.阅读理解 A (2018· 烟 台 模 拟 )After a long winter, spring is the ideal time for sightseeing and exploring London's green spaces. Explore London's parks and gardens Springtime is the perfect time to explore London's parks and gardens, when the city's Royal Parks will be blooming with flowers. Go and admire the rainbow of azaleas (杜鹃花) at Richmond Park or hire a deckchair in St. James's Park with a view of Buckingham Palace. Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivals There are a good many festivals and events held in London throughout spring. Make the most of the cultural exhibitions at the British Library Spring Festival, the Sundance Film Festival or the London Literature Festival; head to Shakespeare's Globe, which hosts open­air Shakespeare performances from late April until early October. Get active Warmer weather means there's no excuse for staying indoors, so go for a walking or cycling tour of London. Alternatively, walk the Thames Walkway, which follows the river all the way from central London into the countryside; make the most of London's “Boris Bikes”， which are available for hire all around the city and are free of charge for the first half hour. If you're really looking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April. Take to the waters Whether cruising (航行) along the Thames River, hiring a rowing boat in Hyde Park or riding a canal boat around Little Venice, there are lots of fun ways to get on the water in London. Held every year since 1829, the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race allows teams from England's most famous universities to compete against each other, and draws huge crowds of watching people. 语篇解读：作者介绍了四种在伦敦享受春光的方式。 1 ． If you are interested in British culture, you are advised to ________. A．visit Richmond Park B．row a boat in Hyde Park C．attend the London Festivals D．walk the Thames Walkway 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据 Enjoy the entertainment at spring festivals 的内容可知，伦敦春季有许多节日和活动，如 the cultural exhibitions (文化展览), the London Literature Festival (伦敦文学节)等， 这些活动及节日与英国文化有关。故选 C 项。 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．You can see Buckingham Palace from St. James's Park. B．London's Boris Bikes are free to use for a whole day. C．Outdoor Shakespeare performances are held only in spring. D．The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race has a history of over 200 years. 解析：选 A　细节理解题。根据 Explore London's parks and gardens 的内容中最后一句“Go and admire ... or hire a deckchair in St. James's Park with a view of Buckingham Palace.”可知，在圣詹姆斯公 园租一个折叠躺椅看白金汉宫，即能从圣詹姆斯公园看见白金汉宫。 故选 A 项。 3 ． According to the writer, which of the following activities challenges you most? A．Watching Boat Race. B．Joining in London Marathon. C．Cruising along the Thames River. D．Cycling around London. 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据 Get active 的内容中最后一句“If you're really looking for a challenge, sign up for the famous London Marathon, held annually in April.”可知，如果你真的想要挑战一下，就 参加每年四月举办的著名的伦敦马拉松。故选 B 项。 4．The writer wrote the text in order to ________. A．introduce tourist attractions in London B．stress the importance of exploring London C．suggest ways to enjoy spring in London D．show the beauty of spring in London 解析：选 C　写作意图题。根据第一段可知，春天是在伦敦观光 和踏青的理想时间，下文介绍了具体的活动方式。因此，本文的写作 意图是推荐一些在伦敦享受春光的方式。故选 C 项。 B As a child, I was generally happy, singing and dancing to my favorite songs, smiling and laughing with my friends and family. But as far back as second grade, I noticed a “darkness” about me. I didn't enjoy participating in many things. In middle school, things in my life began to get even worse. I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed. I was always tired. Everything was horrible. Finally, midway through eighth grade, I was told I had a chemical imbalance, diagnosed (诊断) with clinical depression, and had to take medicine. It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine. When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself, rather than relying on medicine. Aristotle said, “To live happily is an inward power of the soul ， ” and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness. Happiness is a journey. Everyone seems to need different things to be happy. “The essentials ( 要 素 ) to happiness are something to love, something to do, and something to hope for，” a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life. People need love. I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world. People need work to do, something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world. People need to know that more good is to come in the future, so they continue to live for “now” instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could come. Love and hope are happiness. 语篇解读：作者根据自己克服抑郁症的经历总结出了幸福生活的要素。 5．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2? A．He hated going to sleep because he couldn't sleep well. B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression. C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven. D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression. 解析：选 D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed. ... I had a chemical imbalance, diagnosed (诊断) with clinical depression, and had to take medicine.”可知，在中学 时，作者受到临床抑郁症的折磨。故选 D 项。 6．Who helped the author to be happy again? A．The author's friends.　　　 B．Aristotle. C．The author himself. D．William. 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When I ... for getting better myself, rather than relying on medicine.”可知，作者并不是依赖药 物而是靠自己克服病症，重新快乐起来的。故选 C 项。 7．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the author's opinion? A．Love. B．Ambition. C．Hope. D．Work. 解析：选 B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为 幸福的要素包括爱、工作和希望。故选 B 项。 8．What may be the best title for the text? A．The Essentials to Happiness B．Ways to Overcome Shortcomings C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy D．Happiness Is Love 解析：选 A　标题归纳题。通读文章，作者根据自己克服抑郁症 的经历，总结出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具体阐述了克服抑郁 症的要素，由此可知 A 项适合作文章标题。 Ⅴ.完形填空 (2018·皖南八校联考)Not so long ago, a terrible fire broke out in an apartment in the city of Pitesti, just west of Bucharest. In no time, __1__ were welcomed by 5­meter­tall flames and roaring smoke. __2__ ， using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under __3__. The apartment's owner Mr. Petri and his lovely dog, Sandy, were the __4__ of the big fire. Local firefighting hero, Costache Mugurel __5__ his way through the cruel flames to rescue the man and his pet. Mr. Petri, __6__ injured in the fire, was rushed to hospital. Sandy fell over __7__ breathing in too much smoke and lifelessly lay on the roadside. Mugurel, remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training, passionately __8__ the chest of the dog, desperately trying to __9__ his life. And he began to lose hope after many __10__. He was physically and mentally __11__. Finally he performed mouth­to­mouth on the dog, screaming “__12__ gets left behind！” Unexpectedly the dog __13__ himself and began panting (喘气). The onlooking crowd cheered and Mugurel began to weep with __14__. He hurriedly carried him to the awaiting vet (兽医)． Like __15__ ， the story of Mugurel and his newfound friend spread around the city. His Facebook was __16__ words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from friends and fans alike. According to vet experts, recovering animals via CPR is rather __17__. The American Heart Association calculates that only less than 6 percent of cats and dogs survive if they __18__ heart attacks. There have been many stories related to __19__ in Pitesti, but none have caught the __20__ of the population quite like Sandy's. 语篇解读：皮特什蒂发生了一次大火灾，在这次火灾中房主和他 的宠物狗桑迪受了伤，消防员穆古雷尔对昏迷的桑迪进行了心脏按压、 人工呼吸，最终把它从死亡的边缘救回。这件事情感动了无数人。 1．A.firefighters　　　　　　　 B．policemen C．friends D．neighbors 解析：选 A　根据下文的“using their advanced equipment, they quickly brought the beast under ________”可知，他们利用先进的设备 很快把火势控制住了。由此可知，此处指消防员(firefighters)，故选 A 项。policeman 意为“警察”；friend 意为“朋友”；neighbor 意为“邻 居”。 2．A.Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Moreover 解析：选 C　上文提到消防员立刻被 5 米高的大火和浓烟包围， 而设空后则说利用先进设备控制了火势，由此可知，上下文是转折关 系。therefore 意为“因此”；besides 意为“此外；而且”；however 意 为“然而”；moreover 意为“此外”。故选 C 项。 3．A.treatment B．control C．stress D．way 解析：选 B　此处指消防员利用先进的设备将火势控制住了。 under control 是固定搭配，意为“得到控制”，符合语境。故选 B 项。 4．A.causes B．results C．victims D．heroes 解析：选 C　根据下文的“injured in the fire”可知，房主在大火中 受了重伤，故他和他的宠物狗是这场大火的受害者(victims)。故选 C 项。cause 意为“原因；理由”；result 意为“结果”；hero 意为“英 雄”。 5．A.battled B．lost C．pushed D．got 解析：选 A　根据设空后的“cruel flames”可知，火势凶猛，因此 消防员是冒着极大的风险冲进火海的。battle one's way 意为“一路奋 战”；lose one's way 意为“迷路”；push one's way 意为“挤过去”；get one's way 意为“为所欲为”。故选 A 项。 6．A.blindly B．hardly C．slightly D．seriously 解析：选 D　根据设空后的“was rushed to hospital”以及他的宠物 躺在路边没有了生命迹象可以推测，男主人受伤严重(seriously)。故 选 D 项。blindly 意为“盲目地”；hardly 意为“几乎不”；slightly 意 为“轻微地”；seriously 意为“严重地”。 7．A.after B．before C．in spite of D．in case of 解析：选 A　“fell over”发生在“breathing in too much smoke”之后， 即吸入了太多的浓烟之后倒地。after 意为“在……之后”，符合语境。 故选 A 项。before 意为“在……之前”；in spite of 意为“尽管”；in case of 意为“万一”。 8．A.patted B．beat C．examined D．touched 解析：选 B　根据“remembering his CPR (心肺复苏术) training” 可知，他要给宠物狗做心脏复苏，因此要拍打(beat)它的胸部。故选 B 项。pat 意为“轻拍”；examine 意为“检查”；touch 意为“接触；触 摸”。 9．A.care about B．take away C．save D．stop 解析：选 C　根据下文中提到的消防员为了抢救宠物狗而对它进 行人工呼吸可知，消防员迫切地要抢救宠物狗的生命。care about 意 为“关心”；take away 意为“拿走”；save 意为“挽救”；stop 意为“停 止”。故选 C 项。 10．A.beatings B．trainings C．shouts D．attempts 解析：选 D　根据上文他进行心脏复苏可知，消防员为救宠物狗 进行了多次尝试(attempts)。故选 D 项。beating 意为“痛打”；training 意为“训练；培训”；shout 意为“叫喊”。 11．A.relaxed B．exhausted C．concerned D．troubled 解析：选 B　多次尝试之后，他身心俱疲(exhausted)。relaxed 意 为“放松的”；exhausted 意为“疲惫的”；concerned 意为“关心的”； troubled 意为“忧虑的；苦恼的”。故选 B 项。 12．A.Somebody B．Everybody C．Nobody D．Anybody 解析：选 C　消防员对宠物狗进行人工呼吸是因为不想放弃它的 生命，因此他喊道：“一个都不能落下！”故选 C 项。 13．A.came up B．came over C．came out D．came to 解析：选 D　根据设空后的“began panting (喘气)”可知，宠物 狗此时苏醒过来了。come up 意为“走近；被提到；被想起”；come over 意为“来访；拜访”；come out 意为“泄露；发行”；come to oneself 意为“(昏迷后)醒来；恢复知觉”。故选 D 项。 14．A.joy B．pity C．stress D．fright 解析：选 A　经过多次尝试，宠物狗终于醒过来了，人们欢呼雀 跃，消防员应该是喜极而泣。故选 A 项。 15．A.wildfire B．wind C．disasters D．sounds 解析：选 A　消防员和这条狗的故事很快传遍了全城，就像野火 一样。wildfire 意为“野火”；wind 意为“风”；disaster 意为“灾难”； sound 意为“声音”。spread like wildfire 为固定短语，因此，A 项最符 合语境。 16．A.informed of B．linked with C．reminded of D．flooded with 解析：选 D　根据设空后的“words of gratitude, loving emoticons (表情符号) and notes from friends and fans alike”可知，这件事传遍全 城后，穆古雷尔的脸书网上满是感激的话语、可爱的表情符号和朋友 及粉丝的留言。be informed of 意为“通知”；be linked with 意为 “与……有关”；be reminded of 意为“被提醒”；be flooded with 意为 “充满”。故选 D 项。 17．A.common B．rare C．practical D．easy 解析：选 B　根据兽医说的话，这只宠物狗能活下来应该是比较 少见的(rare)，因为据统计只有不到 6%的宠物狗或猫在患心脏病之后 能活下来。故选 B 项。common 意为“常见的”；practical 意为“实际 的”；easy 意为“容易的”。 18．A.cure B．avoid C．miss D．suffer 解析：选 D　根据设空前的“survive”及空后的“heart attacks”可知， 此处指患有心脏病。cure 意为“治愈”；avoid 意为“避免”；miss 意 为“错过”；suffer 意为“患(病)”。根据语境可知选 D 项。 19．A.fires B．vets C．dogs D．accidents 解析：选 C　与最后的“like Sandy's”相对应，此处指有很多关于 宠物狗的故事，但是没有一个像桑迪的故事这样吸引公众的注意力。 故选 C 项。fire 意为“火焰”；vet 意为“兽医”；accident 意为“事故； 意外”。 20．A.attention B．meaning C．breath D．heart 解析：选A　上文提到了消防员和宠物狗的故事迅速传遍了全城， 由此可知，这只宠物狗的故事成功吸引了公众的注意力。catch one's attention 是固定搭配，意为“吸引某人的注意力”。故选 A 项。 Ⅵ.短文改错 This afternoon, I saw an interesting thing while I was walking home to school. I noticed a schoolboy walking in the front of me. When he passed by a white wall, he left his two footprints on the wall. See this, an old man shouted at the boy angry. The boy felt afraid and ran out quickly. A few minutes later, other boy passed by the wall and saw the footprints on the wall. He thought a moment and took out a pencil from his schoolbag. After I was wondering, I saw the boy painting a panda on the wall. And the footprints become the panda's black eyes. What smart the boy was! 答案：第一句：to→from 第二句：去掉 the 第四句：See→Seeing; angry→angrily 第五句：out→away 第六句：other→another 第七句：thought 后加 for 第八句：After→While/When/As 第九句：become→became 第十句：What→How