专题18人物故事、人物传记类-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

专题18人物故事、人物传记类-3年高考2年模拟1年备战2019高考精品系列之英语

‎ ‎ ‎3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列 ‎【19年新课标要求与考纲】‎ 普通高中英语课程强调对学生语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的综合培养，具有工具性和人文性融合统一的特点。普通高中英语课程应在义务教育的基础上，帮助学生进一步学习和运用英语基础知识和基本技能，发展跨文化交流能力，为他们学习其他学科知识、汲取世界文化精华、传播中华文化创造良好的条件，也为他们未来继续学习英语或选择就业提供更多机会；普通高中英语课程同时还应帮助学生树立人类命运共同体意识和多元文化意识，形成开放包容的态度，发展健康的审美情趣和良好的鉴赏能力，加深对祖国文化的理解，增强爱国情怀，坚定文化自信，树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，为学生未来参与知识创新和科技创新，更好的适应世界多极化、经济全球化和社会信息化奠定基础。‎ 学科核心素养 学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现，是学生通过学科学习而逐步形成的正确价值观念、必备品格和关键能力。英语学科核心素养主要包括语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。‎ ‎1.语言能力 语言能力指在社会情境中，以听、说、读、看、写等方式理解和表达意义的能力，以及在学习和使用语言的过程中形成的语言意识和语感。英语语言能力构成英语学科核心素养的基础要素。英语语言能力的提高蕴含文化意识、思维品质和学习能力的提升，有助于学生拓展国际视野和思维方式，开展跨文化交流。‎ ‎2.文化意识 文化意识指对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同，是学生在全球化背景下表现出的跨文化认知、态度和行为取向。文化意识体现英语学科核心素养的价值取向。文化意识的培育有助于学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，树立人类命运共同体意识，学会做人做事，成长为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。‎ ‎3. 思维品质 思维品质指思维在逻辑性、批判性、创新性等方面所表现的能力和水平。思维品质体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征。思维品质的发展有助于提升学生分析和解决问题的能力，使他们能够从跨文化视角观察和认识世界，对事物作出正确的价值判断。‎ ‎4.学习能力 学习能力指学生积极运用和主动调适英语学习策略、拓高英语学习渠道、努力提升英语学习效率的意识和能力。学习能力构成英语学科核心素养的发展条件。学习能力的培养有助于学生做好英语学习的自我管理，养成良好的学习习惯，拓宽学习渠道，提高学习效率。‎ 英语学科核心素养的基础，包括六个要素：主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略。主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会和人与自然，涉及人文社会科学和自然科学领域等内容，为学科育人提供话题和语境；语篇类型包括口语和书面语篇以及不同的文体形式，如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文、访谈、对话等连续性文本，以及图表、图示、网页、广告、漫画等非连续性文本，为语言学习提供文体素材；语言知识涵盖语音知识、词汇知识、语法知识、语箱知识和语用知识，是构成语言能力的重要基础；语言技能分理解性技能和表达性技能，具体包括听、说、读、看（viewing)、写等，学生基于语篇所开展的学习活动即是基于这些语言技能，理解语篇和对语篇作出回应的活动；文化知识指中外优秀人文和科学知识，既包含物质文明知识，也包含精神文明知识，是学生形成跨文化意识、涵养人文和科学精神、坚定文化自信的知识源泉；学习策略包括元认知策路、认知策略、交际策略、情感策略等，有效选择和使用策略是帮助理解和表达、提高学习效率的手段，是学生形成自主学习和终身学习能力的必备条件。‎ 普通高中英语课程的内容要求按照以上六大要素，即主题语境、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、语言技能和学习策略，描述所规定的学习内容及要求。主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会和人与自然，涵盖整个高中阶段所涉及的主题内容，不分课程类别进行描述；其他五项内容要素均按照必修、选择性必修和选修三类课程描述具体的内容要求。本课程标准还针对每项内容要素（含子要素）给出具体的教学提示，以帮助教师在实施各项具体内容的教学中解决好常见的问题。‎ 主题语境 主题为语言学习提供主题范围或主题语境。学生对主题意义的探究应是学生学习语言的最重要内容，直接影响学生语篇理解的程度、思维发展的水平和语言学习的成效。在人与自我、人与社会和人与自然这三大主题语境中，人与自我涉及“生活与学习”“做人与做事”等两个主题群下的9项子主题；人与社会涉及“社会服务与人际沟通”“文学、艺术与体育”“历史、社会与文化”“科学与技术”等四个主题群下的16项子主题；人与自然涉及“自然生态”“环境保护”“灾害防范”“字宙探索”等四个主题群下的7项子主题。所有主题语境都应包含中外文化的范畴。‎ 主题语境 主题群 主题语境内容要求 人 生活与学习 ‎1.个人、家庭、社区及学校生活；‎ 与 自 我 做人与做事 ‎2.健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度；‎ ‎3.认识自我，丰言自我，完善自我；‎ ‎4.乐于学习，善于学习，终身学习；‎ ‎5.语言学习的规律、方法等；‎ ‎6.优秀品行，正确的人生态度，公民义务与社会责任；‎ ‎7.生命的意义与价值；‎ ‎8.未来职业发展趋势。个人职业倾向、未来规划等；‎ ‎9.创新与创业意识。‎ 人 与 社 会 社会服务与人际沟通 文学、艺术与体育 历史、社会与文化 科学与技术 ‎1.良好的人际关系与社会交往；‎ ‎2.公益事业与志愿服务；‎ ‎3.跨文化沟通、包容与合作；‎ ‎4.小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名 著等；‎ ‎5.绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物；‎ ‎ 6.影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展；‎ ‎7.体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神；‎ ‎8.不同民族文化习俗与传统节日；‎ ‎9.对社会有突出贡献的人物；‎ ‎10.重要国际组织与社会公益机构；‎ ‎11.法律常识与法治意识等；‎ ‎12.物质与非物质文化遗产：‎ ‎13.社会热点问题；‎ ‎14.重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源；‎ ‎15.社会进步与人类文明；‎ ‎16.科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神。‎ 人 与 自 然 自然生态 环境保护 灾害防范 ‎1.主要国家地理概况；‎ ‎2.自然环境、自然遗产保护；‎ ‎3.人与环境、人与动植物；‎ ‎4.自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护；‎ 宇宙探索 ‎5.人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系；‎ ‎6.自然科学研究成果；‎ ‎7.地球与宇宙奥秘探索。‎ ‎【高考考纲和新课标的关系】‎ 高考考纲和新课标是统一的，因此19年的高考备考应该依据考纲，结合新课标的学科素养要求进行。高考英语的阅读理解，应该以主题语境为引领。分类训练各种主题内容的阅读语篇。通过学习语篇，不断提高自己的语言能力。‎ ‎【2019年高考命题预测】‎ 预测一 高考阅读理解所选材料通常都是国外网站上的地道的英语文章，然后经过命题专家整合、改编而成。文章主要介绍国内外的文化风俗、历史名胜、人文地理、著名人物等。‎ 预测二 文章的篇幅较短，词数多为280～330，兼顾多种体裁，通常有记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，要求考生充分利用所给信息，回答文章提出的问题。通常文章难度不大，关键是考查考生高效处理信息的能力，还要求考生对文章有更深层次的理解。但是题目并不容易，很容易出错。全国卷的命题逐渐向地方自主命题卷，尤其是新课标地区的试卷看齐，不断增加词汇量和文章长度，向新课标过渡。‎ 预测三 题目设置灵活多样，通常以细节理解题为主，推理判断题为辅，兼顾猜测词义、句意题及目的意图题和主旨大意题。这种命题特点要求考生更好地了解文章中的有用信息，提高阅读速度。‎ ‎【考点定位】2019考纲解读和近几年考点分布 人物传记主要向读者介绍科学家、文学家、思想家、政治家、企业家和影视、体育明星等杰出人物在各自领域所取得的重大成就，尤其注重介绍这些杰出人物如何克服身体残缺、自然环境和社会环境所造成的各种困难。为人类做出巨大贡献，也为自己的事业谱写精彩篇章。这些杰出人物不仅推动了社会的进步，而且他们对事业的追求、对人民的厚爱成为时代最重要的精神财富。通过阅读人物的小传记或摘录该人物一些典型事件，如人生的起伏、克服困难取得成功等，考生可以得到激励或受到启发，同时也可以了解这些人物所生活的社会文化背景。‎ 故事类阅读理解选材来源于日常生活，给人以似曾相识的感觉。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。应特别注意对人物的外貌、语言、动作和思想的描写，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。若是故事性文章应渎懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。‎ ‎1.熟悉人物介绍文特点 人物传记是高考英语阅读理解题重要题材，它主要向读者介绍科学家、文学家、思想家、政治家和企业家等杰出人物在各行各业所取得的重大成就，并特别着重介绍这些杰出人物如何克服自身身体残缺或自然环境和社会环境所造成的各种困难，用强烈的事业心和责任感、用汗水和泪水、用鲜血和青春为人类做出巨大贡献，为生命谱写精彩乐章。当然这些杰出人物留给社会的不仅仅是和平发展和经济效益，更重要的是，他们对事业的追求和对人民的厚爱成为我们这个时代最重要的精神财富。‎ ‎2.熟悉人物介绍文命题规律 ‎(1)人物时段介绍判断题 这种试题往往以What is the article mainly about? What life part of the hero is mentioned in the text? 为设问方式考查对人物时段介绍的判断。因为人物传记往往介绍杰出人物一生学习、工作和生活情况，因此这种试题往往以The life of the hero.或The whole life of the hero is mentioned in our text.为答案。这种试题也可转换形式，以How old is the hero now? How old was the hero when he died? How many years did he live?为设问方式。因为人物传记往往要从人物出生介绍到现在/人物死亡，因此推算这些试题答案时，应仔细分析思考人物的起止年龄。‎ ‎(2)童年生活质量判断题 人物传记常出现What do we know about his childhood?之类的试题。杰出人物为什么有超强的毅力和惊人的吃苦精神？因为他们从小身处逆境饱尝生活艰辛，从此发奋努力，全力实现心中理想，因此这种试题答案多为：He lived a hard life.或He had an unhappy childhood.或He didn抰 live as happy as the other children.‎ ‎(3)人物简历正确顺序判断题 人物传记的最大特点就是记叙人物一生的经历，因此人物简历正确顺序判断题是常考试题，这种试题往往从人物全部活动中挑选4~6个重要活动并打乱其顺序，要求学生重新排序，并选择相应正确答案。解题时应先阅读试题中所列4~6个重大事件，力争对事件有一定印象，然后回到原文中重新阅读原文，并从事件的发生、发展、高潮及事件发生的前因后果等角度仔细排列事件发生的前后顺序。解题时切忌使用一一代入法，因为这么做看似可行，其实费时又费力，而且这么做难度加大，极易产焦虑心理，陷入恶性循环。‎ ‎(4)人物名言理解判断题 杰出人物经过长期默默无闻的努力终获成功后，一定会引起人们强烈关注，因此媒体采访其先进事迹并加以褒扬和宣传是理所当然的事。而最成功的人往往又是最谦虚的人，尤其是杰出人物平凡甚至卑微的出生让他们觉得自己的成功算不上什么，不值得大竖特竖，因此这些杰出人物谦虚的语言往往成为新闻媒体更为关注的内容，这也成了杰出人物最能打动人们的地方。因此人物传记阅读理解常出现人物名言理解判断题。这些试题往往以“… ”means_________.为设问方式考查对人物名言的正确理解。其答案往往为I am ordinary或I抦 nothing. 或I抦 just so-so等。‎ ‎(5)人物成功原因判断题 杰出人物的成功为社会创造了巨大的精神财富和物质财富，人们不禁会探究其成功秘诀，使之转化为新的生产力，因此人物传记阅读理解常出现人物成功原因判断题。这些试题往往以Why did the hero finally succeed？或What is the secret of the hero抯 success?或What can we learn from the hero抯 success?为设问方式考查对人物成功因素的判断。其答案往往为“He/She is not easy to bow before difficulties.或He /She never gives in to all kinds of hardships. 或He/She never gives up/loses heart in face of failure.或He/She has strong perseverance.或He/She has strong self-belief等。”‎ ‎(6)人物性格判断题 人们常所说有成就的人往往是有个性的人，可以说正是杰出人物的独特个性铸就了他的成功，因此探究人物个性也成了人物传记阅读理解重要题型，不过这种试题与人物成功原因判断题有异曲同工之处，其回答也大同小异，这里不再赘述。‎ ‎(7)人物重要成果判断题 所有人物介绍文均会介绍杰出人物重要成果，因此常出现人物重要成果判断题，这种试题常以What was the use of...?...would solve....为设问方式，解题时应认真阅读原文对人物重要成果的介绍及其主要作用和现实意义，从而准确解答试题。‎ ‎(8)人物困难判断题 杰出人物的成功不是一帆风顺的，都会出现重大困难，因此人物介绍文常出现人物困难判断题，这种试题常以What was the biggest difficulty that...faced? ...failed to continue his research work because...，解题时应认真阅读原文对人物困难的描绘，将所遇困难进行排列，并弄清其最大困难是什么，以便准确做题。‎ ‎(9)人物地位判断题 杰出人物可能逝世多年，但人们是不会忘记他们的，人们是会公平评价他们的历史地位的，因此人物介绍文常出现人物地位判断题，这种试题常以From the passage, we can infer that....或According to the passage,...was...为设问方式，解题时应认真阅读原文对人物重大贡献及社会影响进行介绍的内容，从而准确解答试题。‎ 阅读这类文章，应特别注意对任务的外貌、语言、动作、思想的描写，进而把握人 物性格特点和作者的情感态度。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。那么怎样准备理解细节呢？首先，从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中寻找细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，迅速比较选项和文中细节的区别。‎ 若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。它们是我们读懂故事所必需的。‎ 若是幽默故事，应体会风趣的对话、特别的动作，它们是幽默的精髓。‎ ‎【考点pk】 名师考点透析 考点一、细节事实理解。‎ 一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。 细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。‎ 此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问 ‎1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct? ‎2.Which of the following is not mentioned? ‎3.All of the following are true except... ‎4.According to the passage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？‎ ‎1.直接事实题 ‎ 在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。 如：‎ A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S.This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.‎ This huge dam is in the Black Canyon.It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road，which is on the top of the dam.This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside.The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom.There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco.Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.‎ This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover ‎ Dam in honor of a president of the United States.Hoover Dam，one of the highest dams in the world，is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada.‎ Q：Hoover Dam lies______ .‎ A.between Arizona and Nevada B.in the Black Canyon C.between New York and San Francisco D.both A and B ‎【解析】由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。‎ ‎2.间接事实题 ‎ 解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。‎ Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian，host of the well-received TV programme“Stars Tonight”，Miss Luo Lin，Miss Asia of 1991，appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.‎ Born in Shanghai and taken to Hongkong when she was only six years old，Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition，she had been an airhostess in Cathay Airline for seven years.However， it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage，dancing,singing,making-up and other proper manners，designed by the Asia TV Station.‎ ‎“It’s really a hard job for me.I won’t enter for such competition any more.Anyhow，I am quite lucky.I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title.This time，in Shanghai，I’d love to make a deep impression on my TV audience，”said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.‎ Q：Which of the following is NOT true?‎ A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.‎ B.Luo Lin moved to Hongkong with her parents.‎ C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.‎ D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.‎ ‎【解析】A、C和D项都可在原文找到答案，而B项原文所给的是：taken to Hongkong可判断不是moved to Hongkong with her parents，因此选B。 ‎ ‎3、数据推算。‎ If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time, you will save_______ .‎ A.$100　 B.$300　 C.$350　 D.$400 ‎ 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：‎ ‎1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。‎ ‎2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。‎ ‎3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。‎ 考点二、主题理解或写作意图推断。‎ 一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容 ‎1.短文的标题（title,headline）； ‎2.短文或段落的主题（subject）； ‎3.中心思想(main idea)； ‎4.作者的写作目的(purpose)。 二、此类题的设问方式 ‎1.What would be the best title for the text? ‎2.What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? ‎3.What is the passage mainly about? ‎4.The main purpose of announcing the above events is__________. 考点三、推理推断。‎ 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。 此类题的设问常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有： ‎1.We can infer from the Passage that__________. ‎2.What can be inferred from the Passage? ‎3.Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage? ‎4.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________. ‎5.The author suggests in this paragraph that__________. ‎6.The writer implies that__________. ‎7.It can be inferred that__________. ‎8.It can be concluded from the Passage that__________. ‎9.On the whole,we can conclude that__________. ‎10.From the text we can conclude that__________. ‎11.After reading the Passage we may conclude that__________. ‎12.What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage? ‎13.The author is inclined to think that__________. ‎14.When the writer talks about,what he really means is that__________. ‎15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling towards...? ‎16.In the writer’s opinion,... ‎ 近年来，高考加大了对学生判断推理能力的考查。判断推理题要求在理解原文表面 文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和唯论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，旣不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。做题时要注意题干的语言形式，如According to the passage .It can be inferred from the passage that..； It can be concluded from the passage that...等，虽然从表面上看是问有关全文的题，但实际上不用看全篇，仍然只需要根据选项中的线索找到原文中与之相关的一句话或几句话，然后得出答案。针对推理题的不同情形，可以采取以下做法：1. 假如题干中有具体线索，根据具体线索找到原文相关句(一句或几句话)，然卮做出推理; 2.假如题干中无线索，如 It can be inferred from the passage that...; It can be concluded from the passage that...等，先浏览一下4个选项，排除不太可能的选项，然后根据最可能的选项中的关键词找到原文相关句，作出推理；3.如果一篇文章中其他题都未涉及文章主旨， 那么推理题，如infer，conclude题型，可能与文章主旨有关，考生应该定位到文章主题所在位置(如主题句出现处)；假如其他题己经涉及文章主旨，那么要求推断出来的内容可能与段落主题有关，如果如此，应该找段落主题所在处；如果不与段落主题有关，有时与全文或段落的重要结论有关，这时可以寻找与这结论相关的原文叙述。‎ 考点四、词义、句义猜测。‎ 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。 此类题的设问方式主要有 ‎1.The word “...”in Line...means/can be replaced by... ‎2.As used in the passage,the phrase “...”suggests... ‎3.From the passage,we can infer that the word/phrase “...” is/referred to... ‎4.The word “...” is closest in meaning to...猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。‎ ‎1.定义法。如:‎ Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.‎ 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 “退火”。‎ It will be very hard but also very brittle—that is,it will break easily.‎ 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。‎ The herdsman,who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.‎ 定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧人”。‎ ‎2.同位法。如:‎ They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle,a large building in old times.‎ 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。‎ We are on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a.m.—this week.‎ 两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是“夜班”的意思。‎ ‎3.对比法。如:‎ She is usually prompt for all her class,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.‎ but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是“她今天第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。‎ ‎4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如:‎ Perhaps,we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.But the next hundred?‎ possibility 是 possible 的同根名词,据此可以判断定 possibility 意思是“可能性”。‎ ‎5.因果法。如：‎ The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again.‎ 从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【三年高考】 16、17、18高考试题及其解析 ‎2018年高考试题 A【2018·浙江卷】‎ ‎ In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—‎ but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.‎ ‎ In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.‎ ‎ How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences ‎ from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.‎ ‎21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?‎ A. They were difficult to understand.‎ B. They were popular among the rich.‎ C. They were seen as nearly worthless.‎ D. They were written mostly by women.‎ ‎22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.‎ A. his reputation in France B. his interest in modern art C. his success in publication D. his importance in literature ‎23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To remember a great writer.‎ B. To introduce an English novel.‎ C. To encourage studies on culture.‎ D. To promote values of the Victorian age.‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A ‎【解析】本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。‎ ‎22. 推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mona Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mona Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。‎ ‎23. 写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。‎ 本文推理判断题的考法：‎ ‎1. 推测文章的观点或结论。小题1要求判断18世纪英国小说的现状，根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%.Novels, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.可知当时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。‎ ‎2. 推测作者写作目的或意图。小题3判断本文的写作目的，根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此推断作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。‎ B【2018·天津卷】‎ When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "‎ ‎"Oh, stop. There it is!”‎ The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.‎ ‎"May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. "We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where do you think you are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still confused. "Well, it's our home." My heart jolted(震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, "Sally! Come down immediately! "‎ ‎"There's some really good stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place." Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing.‎ ‎ She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.‎ The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.‎ Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?"‎ ‎"Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone."‎ ‎"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you."‎ ‎41. What do we know about Marian McNay?‎ A. She was a painter.‎ B. She was a community leader.‎ C. She was a museum director.‎ D. She was a journalist.‎ ‎42. Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?‎ A. She disliked people who were nosy.‎ B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.‎ C. She knew more about art than the man.‎ D. She mistook him for a tour guide.‎ ‎43. How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?‎ A. Puzzled. B. Concerned.‎ C. Frightened. D. Delighted.‎ ‎44. Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?‎ A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.‎ B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.‎ C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.‎ D. The event happening in the house was more significant.‎ ‎45. What could we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.‎ B. People should spend more time with their family.‎ C. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.‎ D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。‎ ‎41. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。‎ ‎44. 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。‎ ‎45. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，文章有一定的趣味性，整体难度中等，考查主要以细节理解和推理判断两类题型。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题3中考查作者被人盯着看的感受，我们需要找到文章中作者的措词nosy，curiosity和problem，可以推断出作者当时非常困惑不解的心理感受。‎ A【2018·北京卷】‎ My First Marathon（马拉松）‎ A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.‎ I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.‎ The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!‎ The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.‎ Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!‎ At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂‎ By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.‎ By mile 21, I was starving!‎ As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.‎ I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.‎ Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.‎ ‎36. A month before the marathon, the author ____________.‎ A. was well trained B. felt scared ‎ C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope ‎37. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?‎ A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.‎ B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.‎ C. To show he was not talented in sports.‎ D. To share a precious memory.‎ ‎38. How was the author’s first marathon?‎ A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.‎ C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.‎ ‎39. What does the story mainly tell us?‎ A. A man owes his success to his family support.‎ B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.‎ C. Failure is the mother of success.‎ D. One is never too old to learn. ‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇故事类文章。作者记叙了没有运动天赋的他，在20多岁才开始长跑，但是一次在跑马拉松比赛前夕踝关节受伤，但他坚持不懈，最终实现了自我的故事。‎ ‎36. C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Yet, I was determined to go ahead”可知，作者在马拉松前一个月下定决心要参加马拉松比赛。故选C。‎ ‎37. C　写作意图题。根据文章第二段中的“He later informed me that I was "not athletic””可知，作者的经历证明他在运动方面并非很有天赋。故选C。‎ ‎38. A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.”以及前文中作者行进经过的标志可知，虽然作者是最后到达终点的一批马拉松选手，但是他跑完了全程。故选A。‎ ‎39. B　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a "marathon winner”.”可知，作者享受到了战胜自我的快乐，认为只要努力了就算是胜利者。故选B。‎ ‎2017年高考试题 人物传记类 ‎ [2017·浙江卷6月考]‎ A Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In ‎ those days, a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.‎ The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.‎ The cat's lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. ‎ In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.‎ In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter，came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.‎ ‎21．What is the text mainly about?‎ A. Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.‎ B. Williams' influence on Benjamin.‎ C. The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.‎ D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.‎ ‎22．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?‎ A. The cat would be closely watched.‎ B. The cat would get some medical care.‎ C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.‎ D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.‎ ‎23．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?‎ A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.‎ B. He provided him with painting materials.‎ C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.‎ D. He taught him how to make engravings.‎ ‎24．Williams' two books helped Benjamin to ________．‎ A. master the use of paints B. appreciate landscape paintings C. get to know other painters D. make up his mind to be a painter ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候绘画天赋的培养和他在6至9岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。‎ ‎21. C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句“Benjamin West…showed his talent for art when…”，以及下文第四段首句提到的“In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old…”和最后一段内容及最后一句“…boy decided then that he would be an artist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了Benjamin West (本杰明·韦斯特)少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是6～9岁阶段，所以C项能概括全文大意。‎ ‎23. B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段首句“In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的材料等，故选B项。‎ ‎24. D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及“While it is likely that he understood…The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，著名画家William给予的两本关于绘画的著作启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选D项。‎ 故事类 ‎ [2017·北京卷]‎ A It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighthgrader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didn't know each other well—Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.‎ Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground.“Paris's eyes rolled back，” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”‎ It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？”‎ CPR is a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person's chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.‎ Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn't think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor.‎ Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris's heartbeat returned.‎ ‎“I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now. “Most people don't survive this. My team saved my life.”‎ Experts say Paris is right: for a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.‎ Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”‎ ‎56．What happened to Paris on a March day?‎ A．She caught a bad cold.‎ B．She had a sudden heart problem.‎ C．She was knocked down by a ball.‎ D．She shivered terribly during practice.‎ ‎57．Why does Paris say she was lucky?‎ A．She made a worthy friend.‎ B．She recovered from shock.‎ C．She received immediate CPR.‎ D．She came back on the softball team.‎ ‎58．Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?‎ A．Enthusiastic and kind.‎ B．Courageous and calm.‎ C．Cooperative and generous.‎ D．Ambitious and professional.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球女孩 Paris 在打球的过程中突然心力衰竭， 队友 Taylor对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris因此恢复了心跳的故事。文章旨在说明病人心力衰竭时， 其他人保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。‎ ‎56．B　细节理解题。 根据第三段中“It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.”可知， Paris突然心力衰竭，所以答案为B。‎ ‎57．C　推理判断题。根据第六段可知队友的协助使Paris得到了及时的救助，所以 Paris说自己很幸运。故答案为 C。‎ ‎58．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.”可知Taylor非常的勇敢，以及第六段首句“Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down.”可知， Taylor是一个勇敢、冷静的女孩， 所以答案为 B。‎ ‎ [2017·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ B ‎ I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.‎ ‎ I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2 to 3weekold owl. It had already been placed in a carrier ‎ for safety.‎ ‎ I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.‎ ‎ The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.‎ ‎ Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.‎ ‎ A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.‎ ‎24．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to Paragraph 1?‎ A．Efforts made in vain.‎ B．Getting injured in his work.‎ C．Feeling uncertain about his future.‎ D．Creatures forced out of their homes.‎ ‎25．Why was the author called to Muttontown?‎ A．To rescue a woman.‎ B．To take care of a woman.‎ C．To look at a baby owl.‎ D．To cure a young owl.‎ ‎26．What made the chick calm down?‎ A．A new nest.‎ B．Some food.‎ C．A recording.‎ D．Its parents.‎ ‎27．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?‎ A．It's unexpected.‎ B．It's beautiful.‎ C．It's humorous.‎ D．It's discouraging. ‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。‎ ‎25. C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2 to 3weekold owl.”可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。‎ ‎26. A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.”可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就平静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰平静下来的。故选A。‎ ‎27. B　推理判断题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的“However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.”可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。‎ ‎ [2017·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ B I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul—he stood up for me. I don't know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.‎ The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theatre and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical ‎ of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心)of our relationship off the screen.‎ We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.‎ I last saw him a few months ago. He'd been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didn't talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.‎ ‎24．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?‎ A．Paul Newman wanted it.‎ B．The studio powers didn't like his agent.‎ C．He wasn't famous enough.‎ D．The director recommended someone else.‎ ‎25．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?‎ A．They were of the same age.‎ B．They worked in the same theatre.‎ C．They were both good actors.‎ D．They had similar characteristics.‎ ‎26．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Their belief.‎ B．Their care for children.‎ C．Their success.‎ D．Their support for each other.‎ ‎27．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To show his love of films.‎ B．To remember a friend.‎ C．To introduce a new movie.‎ D．To share his acting experience.‎ ‎【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。作者深情地追忆了自己和Paul Newman志趣相投、信念相守的深厚的友情。‎ ‎24. C　推理判断题。由第一段第二句“When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul…”可知，摄制组拒绝接纳“我”，因为“我”没有Paul有名气，由此可以推断作者当时名气不足。‎ ‎25. D　推理判断题。第二段第一句后半部分及后面的内容详细说明了作者和Paul的共同志向、追求与爱好。尽管两人年龄差距很大，但是因为性格相似、志趣相投而成为忘年交。‎ ‎26. A　代词指代题。第三段第一句中的belief后接同位语从句，详细介绍了二人的共同信念：if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back(若有幸取得成功，应该知恩图报)。后句说尽管他们不常见面，但共同的信念让他们心灵相依。由此可知此处的that指的是belief。‎ ‎27. B　写作意图题。文章最后一句点明写作目的。朋友生病住院甚至已不在人世，但他们之间的友情不需要话语就可以珍藏怀念。‎ ‎[2017·天津卷]‎ B Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.‎ Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.‎ Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn't want to mess with that.‎ Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.‎ This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it,‎ ‎ now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger's bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don't even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.‎ Perhaps we all live in each others' spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.‎ That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.‎ ‎41．What happened when the author was about to take a photo?‎ A．Her camera stopped working.‎ B．A woman blocked her view.‎ C．Someone asked her to leave.‎ D．A friend approached from behind.‎ ‎42．According to the author, the woman was probably ________．‎ A．enjoying herself B．losing her patience C．waiting for the sunset D．thinking about her past ‎43．In the author's opinion, what makes the photo so alive?‎ A．The rich colour of the landscape.‎ B．The perfect positioning of the camera.‎ C．The woman's existence in the photo.‎ D．The soft sunlight that summer day.‎ ‎44．The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ________．‎ A．the need to be close to nature B．the importance of private space C．the joy of the vacation in Italy D．the shared passion for beauty ‎45．The passage can be seen as the author's reflections upon ________．‎ A．a particular life experience B．the pleasure of travelling C．the art of photography D．a lost friendship ‎41. B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.”可知“我”刚要拍照，突然一位女士从后面靠近，挡了“我”的视线。‎ ‎42. A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“…sigh and appreciate the view.”以及第三段中的倒数第二句“She seemed so content in her observation.”可知这位女士沉浸在美丽的风景中，非常满足。‎ ‎43. C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.”可知“我”认为这张照片之所以有了生命力，是因为那位女士在照片中的存在。‎ ‎44. D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“…to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.”可知“我”从这张照片中更好地理解了人们对美景的共同的爱。‎ ‎45. A　推理判断题。根据文章的内容：作者要拍照，却因一位女士一直站在那里，所以只好把她一起拍进去。但后来作者发现照片因这位女士的存在显得更加生动了。因此可知这篇文章是作者对一次特殊的人生经历的思考。‎ ‎2016年高考试题 ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】C ‎ I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time. ‎ ‎ I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for mere-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.‎ ‎ For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.‎ ‎29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17‎ A provider B delivery man ‎ C collector D medical doctor ‎30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours? A. He cannot stay away from his job too long. B. The donor can only wait for that long. C. The operation needs that very much. D. The ice won't last any longer. 31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first? A. To London        B. To  Newark C. To Providence       D. To Washington ‎【答案】‎ ‎29-31.B D.B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。‎ ‎29.B词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve done 89 trips和I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。‎ ‎【技巧点拨】词义猜测题的答题技巧。‎ ‎1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测2.根据同位关系进行猜测3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测4.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测。在本文中要根据上下文对作者工作的描写来推测出正确的词义。‎ ‎30. D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。‎ ‎31.B细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。‎ 考点：故事类短文阅读 2.【2016·北京】B Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)‎ ‎ Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,” she says.‎ ‎ On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge closed.‎ ‎ When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.‎ ‎ In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.‎ ‎ “My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it.”‎ ‎ Natalie’s choice was to help.‎ ‎ She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his ‎ house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.‎ ‎ In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.‎ ‎ Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”‎ ‎59.When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane ,she found______.‎ A.some friends had lost their lives B.her neighborhood was destroyed C.her school had moved to Brooklyn D.the elderly were free from suffering ‎60.According to paragraph4,who inspired Natalie most?‎ A.The people helping Rockaway rebuild B.The people trapped in high_rise building C.The volunteers donating money to survivors D.Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people ‎61.How did Natalie help the survivors?‎ A.She gave her toys to the kids B.She took care of younger children C.She called on the White House to help D.She built an information sharing platform ‎62.What does the story intend to tell us?‎ A.Little people can make a big difference B.A friend in need is a friend indeed C.East or West,home is best D.Technology is power ‎【答案】‎ ‎59.B60.A61.D62.A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brooklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。‎ ‎60.A细节理解题。根据第四段“In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie.”可知，那些帮助Rockaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。‎ ‎61.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.”可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。‎ ‎62.A写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.”可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。‎ 考点：人物故事类短文阅读。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。 解题技巧： 1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第62题：通过Natalie帮助他人的行为告诉读者小人物也可以有大作为这一道理。‎ ‎ 2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。 3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。‎ ‎3.【2016·天津】B Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.‎ My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.‎ I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.‎ When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”‎ I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).‎ ‎ But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.‎ ‎ My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件）from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.‎ Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him. ‎ These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes. ‎ I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, ‎ and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else. ‎ My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.‎ ‎41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?‎ A. To avoid becoming his clone.‎ B. To resemble him in appearance.‎ C. To develop in a different direction.‎ D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.‎ ‎42. What can we learn about the author’s children?‎ A. His daughter does better in school.‎ B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.‎ C. His son tried hard to finish homework.‎ D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.‎ ‎43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.‎ A. His son had the ability to fix it.‎ B. it would save him much time.‎ C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss D. other motorheads would come to help.‎ ‎44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.‎ A. tidy and hardworking B. cheerful and smart C. lazy but bright D. relaxed but rude ‎45. What did the author realize in the end?‎ A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.‎ B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.‎ C. Architects play a more important role than builders.‎ D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.‎ ‎【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。‎ ‎41.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第一段的句子You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could accomplish what you hoped for.可知，作者希望儿子完成他没有实现的目标。故选D。‎ 考点：考查细节理解。‎ ‎42.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第三段的句子My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English，可知，作者的女儿学习很好。故选A。‎ 考点：考查推理判断。‎ ‎43.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第六段的句子I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose，可知，作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选C。‎ 考点：考查细节理解。‎ ‎44.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are in living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright…，可知，在作者眼中，motorhead是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查推理判断。‎ ‎45.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据倒数第二段的句子Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else，可知，作者最后意识到期望孩子走自己的道路这是不明智的。故选A。‎ 考点：考查细节理解。‎ ‎【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类短文，题目 设置都以细节题为主，细节题一般就是文章出现的内容即是答案，也有推理判断题，就是不是通过题干的某个单词定位到文中能直接看出答案来的，要通过故事中人物的语言，动作去揣摩他们的真正意图。做题时不能流于表面。可以适当运用一些解题技巧。‎ 做推理判断题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。比如这篇阅读理解的第二题，问：作者的孩子是怎么样的？根据第三段的内容My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.可知，作者的女儿正在学习硕士学位，所以B是错的；而作者的儿子是一个技校生，学习不是很好，C是错的；D项说作者的儿子不能完成报告，而文中只是说他的儿子会拖延，所以D也是错的，正确答案是通过第三段内容推理出来的。‎ ‎4.【2016·浙江】D Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.‎ My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task., but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so –and –so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room a car for your birthday a lsvish sweet 16 party.” We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house .Like the two little girls growing up at the White House,we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done)and picked up after ourselves.We had to keep track of our belongings ,and if something was lost ,it was not replaced.‎ ‎ It was summer and ,one day ,my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed---and there it was in the window, White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers ,the basket winked at me and I knew ----I knew---I had to have it.‎ ‎ “It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her,”What a neat basket.”‎ I tried to hold off at first ,I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t at and it any longer:“Mom, please can I please ,please get it? I ‘ll do extra chores for as ‎ long as you say, I’ll do anything ,but I need that basket,I love that basket.Please ,Mom .Please?”‎ ‎ I was desperate.‎ ‎“You know,” she said ,gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believes was the coolest thing ever,” If you save up you could buy this yourself.”‎ ‎“By the time I make enough it’ll bu gone!”‎ ‎“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger ,the bike guy.‎ ‎“He can’t hold it for that long ,Mom .Someone else will buy it .Please, Mom,Please?”‎ ‎“There might be another way,” she said.‎ And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn’t find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing saving increased by extra work here and there (washing the car ,helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front).And then ,weeks later ,I counted ,re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh ,happy day ! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon….‎ Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny ,new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.‎ And then came the lesson . I’ve taken with me through my life:”Honey, Your basket is extra-special,” Mom said, gently wiping away my hot tears.”Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”‎ ‎55.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?‎ A. The children enjoyed doing housework.‎ B.The author came from s well-off family ‎ C. The mother raised her children in an unusual way D.The children were fond of the US president’s daughters.‎ ‎56.When the author saw the basket in the window,she .‎ A. fell in love with it B. stared at her mother C. recognized it at once D.went up to the bike guy ‎57.Why did the author say many “please” to her mother?‎ A. She longed to do extra work. B. She was eager to have the basket.‎ C.She felt tired after standing too long. D.She wanted to be polite to her mother.‎ ‎58.By using“naked” (Paragraph 12),the author seems to stress that the basket was ‎ A..something she could afford B.something important to her C.something impossible to get D.something she could do without ‎59.To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that ‎ A. something spoiled her paying plan B. the basket cost more than she had saved C.a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike D.someone else had got a basket of the same kind ‎60.What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?‎ A. Save money for a rainy day B. Good advice is beyond all price.‎ C. Earn your bread with your sweat D. God helps those who help themselves ‎【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是珍贵的。‎ ‎55. 【答案】C 考点：考查推理判断 ‎56. 【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第三段的句子and there it was in the window, White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers ,the basket winked at me and I knew ----I knew---I had to have it.可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子就喜欢上了它。故选A。‎ 考点：考查细节理解 ‎57. 【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第五段的句子I tried to hold off at first ,I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t at and it any longer:可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。‎ 考点：考查推理判断 ‎58. 【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第十二段的句子(washing the car ,helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front可知作者觉得没有这个篮子，自行车看起来光秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，说明这个篮子对她是重要的东西。故选B。‎ 考点：考查推理判断 ‎59. 【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据第十三段的句子A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny ,new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.可知作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选D。‎ 考点：考查推理判断 ‎60. 【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn your bread with your sweat。故选C。‎ 考点：考查主旨大意 ‎【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类短文，题目设置都以推理判断题为主，推理判断题不是通过题干的某个单词定位到文中能直接看出答案来的，要通过故事中人物的语言，动作去揣摩他们的真正意图。做题时不能流于表面。可以适当运用一些解题技巧。‎ 做推理判断题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。比如这篇阅读理解的55题，问：我们可以从前两段得出什么？第二段的句子We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house…. we made ‎ our own beds (no one left the house unitil that was done)and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of nd if something was lost ,it was not replaced.告诉我们作者的母亲教育孩子时使用的不寻常的方法。所以答案是C。再如59题，题目问：对作者什么是可怕的事情？文章没有直接表明，而是通过第十三段的句子A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny ,new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.可知作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。所以答案是D。‎ ‎5.【2016·江苏】D Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few year later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).‎ ‎“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth record ever.‎ Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and ‎ overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.‎ It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.‎ But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “ I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.‎ As Muhammad Ali puts it, “ Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding of this truth.‎ ‎65. Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?‎ A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.‎ B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.‎ C. She had big problems maintaining her performance.‎ D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.‎ ‎66. What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?‎ A. She would become a promising star.‎ B. She badly needed to set higher goals.‎ C. Her sprinting career would not last long.‎ D. Her talent for sprinting was known to all.‎ ‎67. What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?‎ A. Her success and lessons in her career.‎ B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit.‎ C. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.‎ D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world.‎ ‎68. What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?‎ A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts.‎ B. She was eager to do more for her country.‎ C. She became an athletic star in her country.‎ D. She was the envy of the whole community.‎ ‎69. By mentioning Muhammad Ali’s words, the author intends to tell us that .‎ A. players should be highly inspired by coaches B. great athletes need to concentrate on patience C. hard work is necessary in one’s achievements D. motivation allows great athletes to be on the top ‎70. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Making of a Great Athlete B. The Dream for Championship C. The Key to High Performance D. The Power of Full Responsibility ‎【答案】65. B 66. C 67. C 68.B 69.D 70. A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇励志短文，牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性，并想用自己的影响力改变能够吞噬了很多人梦想的贫民窟。‎ ‎65.B 推理判断题。根据第一段五、六句“Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann ‎ as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.”可知Stephen Francis教练从她的身上看到了其他教练忽视的潜力。故B正确。‎ ‎66.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs.当2008年奥运会上Shelly-Ann获得冠军以后，很多人都质疑她是一个流星而已，认为她的成功不会延续很长时间。故C项正确。‎ ‎67.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.可知Shelly-Ann的母亲Maxime很早进入要承担很多责任的成人世界，她决定要让女儿Shelly-Ann离开混乱的Waterhouse，唯一的方法就是让女儿练习田径。故C项正确。‎ ‎68.B 推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句“ I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.可知Shelly-Ann计划为牙买加建立无家可归儿童基金会，鼓励牙买加人放下武器。说明她很迫切地想为祖国做一些事情。故B正确。‎ ‎70.A 标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。BCD三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 本文【小题70】属于主旨大意题中的标题概括题。文章标题通常有如下要求：不能过大、过于笼统，放之四海皆适用；也不能过小、以偏概全，挂一漏万。标题是文章中心思想的精练表达,多为一个名词词组，短小明了,函盖性强｡做这类题目时,要在阅读全文的基础上,‎ 把握好层次关系。注意选项的归纳范围要恰如其分,干扰项往往是局部信息，是某一小节或文章里的某一句。所以我们在解题时要反复推敲，把概括范围过窄或过宽的选项过滤掉。 好的文章标题具有较强的针对性、独特性，能够准确地概括出这篇短文的主旨大意，而不是其它文章的大意。本题中BCD三项的内容都与文章内容不够贴切，范围显得过大。我们可以使用逆向推理方法识别范围过大的标题。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 ‎2015年高考试题 专题13人物传记、故事类 ‎1.【2015·湖北卷】B What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.‎ ‎ Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.‎ ‎ Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.‎ ‎“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”‎ Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a ‎ time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”‎ In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”‎ ‎55.The underlined word “prerequisite” (Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.‎ A. recipe B. substitute C. requirement D. challenge ‎56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?‎ A. They are used daily.‎ B. They are easy to grow.‎ C. They can grow very tall D. They can be eaten uncooked ‎57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?‎ A. It can preserve their best flavor ‎ B. It can promote her online sales C. It can better her cooking skills ‎ D. It can improve their nutrition ‎58.What is the“the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?‎ A. The knowledge about good food B. The way to live a grow-our-own life C. The joy of getting in touch with foods  ‎ D. The responsibility to protect our earth ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。Loe是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。‎ ‎55. C词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。‎ ‎56.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。‎ ‎57.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。‎ ‎58.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。‎ ‎【考点定位】记叙文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】记叙文体裁特点是：人不离事,事不离人。写人的文章事情是重点；记事的文章人物是关键。考生要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，重点关注作者重墨泼就的细节描写，领会作者的写作意图。同时还要把握人物的情绪起伏,要进入“角色”，客观做题。本文顺应当前社会生活潮流，介绍了园艺和食品保存大师Theresa Loe如何利用阳台、小院在喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活。‎ ‎2.【2015·北京卷】A The Boy Made It!‎ ‎ One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.‎ ‎ Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.‎ He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.‎ ‎ Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.‎ By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.‎ ‎ The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.‎ ‎ Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episode(一期节目)of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.‎ ‎ When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.‎ ‎56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?‎ A. He got lost. B. He broke his skis.‎ C. He hurt his eyes D. He caught a cold ‎57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?‎ A. He found a shelter. B. He lighted some branches.‎ C. He kept on skiing. D. He built a snow cave.‎ ‎58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _____.‎ A. returned to his shelter safely B. was saved by a searcher C. got stuck in the snow D. staved where he was ‎59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _____.‎ A. did the right things in the dangerous situation B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly C. created some tips for survival D. was very hard-working ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文讲的是一个小男孩在暴风雪中迷路，他不畏艰难，利用在电视中学到的野外生存知识逃脱困境的故事。‎ ‎56. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第三行，Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!”可知答案。说明在Nicholas迷路了。故选A。‎ ‎59.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的，He was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyonehow hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive。”可知，Grylls这个人想表达一个小男孩能在如此困难的情况下成功逃生是难能可贵的，A选项正好能表达此意思。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】故事类阅读 ‎【名师点睛】本文考查记叙文，讲的是“小孩在山里迷路，求生的过程”，做好一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果。弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意。线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目。文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，把握好文中具体细节即可。‎ ‎3.【2015·广东】A Peter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, the game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ”‎ Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.‎ ‎“You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.”the salesgirl said.‎ ‎“Yes, you’re right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”‎ ‎“Don’t forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled.‎ ‎“No problem.” Peter said.‎ After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But he couldn’t find it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had.‎ Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.‎ ‎“Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?”‎ The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”‎ ‎“I’ve got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.‎ ‎“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected it.”‎ ‎26. Which of the following best describes Peter’s word game?‎ A. It was made around 40 years ago.‎ B. It had game boards in different sizes.‎ C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.‎ D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.‎ ‎27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word game?‎ A. Old and handy.‎ B. Rare and valuable.‎ C. Classic and attractive.‎ D. Colorful and interesting ‎28. Peter got the names of the game fans from _________.‎ A. an auction B. the Internet C. a game shop D. the second-hand shop ‎29. What happened at the end of the story?‎ A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.‎ B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend.‎ C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.‎ D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.‎ ‎30. What is the main theme of the story?‎ A. It’s important to keep a promise.‎ B. It’s great to share in other people’s happiness.‎ C. We should be grateful for the help from others.‎ D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文叙述了Peter在听从了一位女销售员的建议，买了一个旧的游戏盒子，并到网上拍卖。结果他挣了1000美元。为了感激这位女销售员，他给了她300美元做为回报。‎ ‎26. A细节理解题。根据“I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”可知这个游戏盒子大约在40年前制造的。故选A。‎ ‎27. B推理判断题。根据the salesgirl said,“Oh, look, the game box hasn’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money.”可知这个女销售员认为这个游戏盒子没有打开过，可能值钱，有价值。故选B。‎ ‎28. B推理判断题。根据The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game…..He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game.可知Peter是从网上得知这个游戏爱好者的名字。故选B。‎ ‎29. A 细节理解题。根据Peter said,“ I sold the game and made $1000.Thank you for your suggestion,”He handed her three $100 bills.可知Bill感谢这位女销售员的建议，给了她300美元作为回报。故选A。‎ ‎30. C推理判断题。全文围绕着Peter听了女销售员的建议，买了这个游戏盒，赚了钱，为了表示感谢，他给了这位女销售员300美元作为回报。故推断这个故事的主题是我们应该感激别人的帮助。故选C。‎ ‎【考点定位】 故事类短文阅读。‎ ‎【名师点睛】本文考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理解全文的中心思想，让人们懂得学会感激别人的帮助。第30‎ 题，需要学生通过阅读全文，概括总结出，作者的意图。‎ ‎4.【2015·陕西】B ‎ When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.‎ ‎ Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds . Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.‎ ‎ Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.‎ ‎ For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.‎ ‎ A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.‎ The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a very dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.‎ It was ,as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle(奇迹)”. ‎ ‎50. The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she was ‎ ‎ A. rescuing her owner B. caught in a hurricane ‎ C. blocked by a rock D. running after a sheep ‎51. Who spotted Judy after the accident?‎ ‎ A. A birdwatcher B. A student from Leeds ‎ C. Six volunteers D. The coastguard of Cornwall ‎52. What can we infer from the text?‎ ‎ A. People like to travel with their pets.‎ ‎ B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.‎ ‎ C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival.‎ ‎ D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.‎ ‎53. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Miracle of the Coastguard. B. Surviving a Hurricane.‎ C. Dangers in the Wild D. Coming Back from the Dead.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。‎ ‎51.细节理解题。根据文章第五段的句子：A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. 可知事故后是一个观鸟者看见了Judy，故选A。‎ ‎52.细节理解题。根据文章第六段的句子：It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water.可知在Judy的事故中运气起着至关重要的作用。故选C。‎ ‎53.主旨大意题。根据文章的内容可知介绍一只狗掉到悬崖下面死里逃生的经历，所以用Coming Back from the Dead比较合适。故选D。‎ ‎【考点定位】故事类阅读理解 ‎【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类阅读理解。这种题材内容易懂而且有趣味性，是考生擅长的，这篇文章篇幅不长，难易度适中，考查细节题为主。通读全文后，可以带着问题到文章中找出信息句，分析信息句和题干，选项之间的关联，答案不难找出。‎ ‎5.【2015·四川】B ‎ Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.‎ And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.‎ ‎ As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the ‎ pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.‎ Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!‎ Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn’t look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn’t offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible and we drank up every last drop of soup.‎ ‎34.Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin’s chicken house regularly?‎ A. To earn some money for the family.‎ B. To collect manure for his crops.‎ C. To get rid of the terrible smell.‎ D. To set a good example to us.‎ ‎35.What can we infer about Dad’s stew?‎ A. It is popular among the neighbors.‎ B. It contains honey and vegetables.‎ C. It looks very wonderful.‎ D. It tastes quite delicious.‎ ‎36.What does the underlined word “offend” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A. To attract B. To upset C. To air D. To shut ‎37.What can we learn about Dad form the text?‎ A. He is an experienced cook.‎ B. He is a troublesome father.‎ C. He has a positive attitude to life.‎ D. He suffers a lot from his disability.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文主要讲述了作者的父亲买了一个小农场，在里面种满了各种蔬菜、果树甚至还养了蜜蜂。‎ 但作者的父亲收获的时候，他炖了一锅蔬菜，闻到味道时，作者和其他人觉得烧得很糟糕，但是最后全部都吃光了。‎ ‎34.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料).可知选择B，是为了收集肥料。‎ ‎35.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的we drank up every last drop of soup.可知，选择D，意为父亲的炖菜非常美味。‎ ‎36.B 词义判断题。根据文章上文的the first wave had shut down my ability to smell,可知，此处指的是鼻子闻不到那种味道，故选择B，意为搅乱。‎ ‎37.C 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，父亲在背部受伤后，不愿意休息，而是自己经营着小农场，而且在收货后，还自创菜，故选择C最为恰当，指父亲对于生活有着积极的态度。‎ ‎【考点定位】 考查记叙文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】本题考查记叙文阅读。在高考试卷中，每套试卷中通常都会包含记叙文。通常情况下记叙文阅读的难度相对比较低。要求考生能够依据文章的写作顺序，弄清文章大意，了解记叙文的5W(what/who/when/where/why)，同时关注考题中的细节，掌握文章的主题大意。本题中细节理解题有一题（34），要求考生能关注关键词manure，在原文中迅速定位；推理判断题有两题（35、37题），要求考生能够迅速找到与之相关的stew和父亲的做事风格等。记叙文阅读通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生能通过对上下午的理解猜测出词的大概意思。‎ ‎6.【2015·天津】C One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.‎ ‎ In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.‎ ‎ There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked identical（相同的） to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the ‎ library for the summer.‎ Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.‎ ‎ My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.‎ ‎ I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.‎ ‎46. The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.‎ A. encourage him to do more walking B. let him spend a meaningful summer C. help cure him of his reading problem D. make him learn more about weapons ‎47. The book caught the author’s eye because_____.‎ A. it contained pretty pictures of animals B. it reminded him of his own dog C. he found its title easy to understand D. he liked children’s stories very much ‎48. Why could the author manage to read the book through?‎ ‎ A. He was forced by his mother to read it.‎ B. He identified with the story in the book.‎ C. The book told the story of his pet dog.‎ D. The happy ending of the story attracted him.‎ ‎49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A. The author has become a successful writer.‎ B. The author’s mother read the same book.‎ C. The author’s mother rewarded him with books.‎ D. The author has had happy summers ever since.‎ ‎50. Which one could be the best title of the passage?‎ A. The Charm of a Book B. Mum’s Strict Order C. Reunion with My Beagle D. My Passion for Reading ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：文章大意：文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，告诉我们书本的魅力。 ‎ ‎46. C细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.可知母亲让他借书看是为了治愈他的阅读问题。故选C。‎ ‎47. B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child.可知此本书引起作者注意的原因。选B。‎ ‎49. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction.可以判断出作者最终成为一名成功的作家。故选A。‎ ‎50. A 主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者从一名阅读困难的孩子到最终成为一名成功的作家的故事，从而展现给我们书本的魅力。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类短文阅读，整体难度中等。考生需要从整体把握全文，全面理解作者是怎么从阅读困难的孩子，从而演化为一名成功的作家的历程，特别注重作者将自己融合到书本的细节方面的描写。‎ ‎7.【2015·重庆】A At thirteen, I was diagnosed（诊所） with kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult ‎ for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.‎ In my first literature class, Mrs.Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said,“Mrs.Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”‎ ‎ She glanced down at me through her glasses, “you are no different from your classmates, young man.”‎ I tried, but I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.‎ In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots（点）, which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.‎ Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; Ijust needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?‎ I didn’t expect anything when I handled in my paper to Mrs.Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day- with an“A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words:“ See what you can do when you keep trying?”‎ ‎36. The author didn’t finish the reading in class because.‎ A. He was new to the class B. He was tried of literature C. He had an attention disorder D. He wanted to take the task home ‎37. What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?‎ A. He had good sight B. He made a great invention.‎ C. He gave up reading D. He learned a lot from school ‎38. What was Mrs.Smith ‘s attitude to the author at the end of the story?‎ A. Angry B. Impatient C. Sympathetic D. Encouraging ‎38. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A.The disabled should be treated with respect.‎ B.A teacher can open up a new world to students.‎ C. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.‎ D. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析: 本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事 ‎36.C细节理解题。根据第一段At thirteen, I was diagnosed with a kind of attention disorder.可知作者被诊断出注意力紊乱，故选C项。‎ ‎37.B 推断题。根据第五段提到it was about a blind person,Louise Braile,和 Instead , he invented a reading systerm of raised dots，which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind可知Louise Braile是个盲人，创造了盲文，故选B项。‎ ‎38.D 推断题。根据最后一段提到so it was a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A”当我看到作业上A时，非常的吃惊，史密斯小姐对我的态度是令人鼓励的，故选D项。‎ ‎39.C 主旨大意。本文主要讲述作者有注意力紊乱，不想努力，在老师的激励下，克服困难的故事，故选C项。‎ ‎【考点定位】日常生活类阅读 ‎【名师点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，着重一些事实细节，认真阅读题干，找到问题的切入点，不可以自以为的事实做为判断的依据，而要立足于文章，而37题属于推断题，则要根据排除来进行选择，且注意主语是谁，不可与文章的主人公混淆；38题是主旨大意，首先比较选项，排除完全没有意义的A项，再根据文章的大意来判断哪个答案更符合。‎ ‎8.【2015·安徽】B ‎ When her five daughters were young, Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结). To show this, she held up one chopstick, representing one person. Then she easily broke it into two pieces. Next, she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family. She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks. This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.‎ ‎ Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California. However, when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money. They moved their family to San Francisco. There they joined Danny's mother, Diana, who owned a small Italian sandwich shop. Soon afterwards, Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant. The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young. However, Helene ‎ did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.‎ ‎ Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves, but one by one, the daughters returned to work in the family business. They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other, they worked together to make the business successful. Daughter Elisabeth explains, "Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity, and to have unity we must have peace. Without the strength of the family, there is no business."‎ ‎ Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year. Although they began with a small restaurant, they had big dreams, and they worked together. Now they are a big success.‎ ‎60. Helene tied several chopsticks together to show ______.‎ A. the strength of family unity B. the difficulty of growing up C. the advantage of chopsticks D. the best way of giving a lesson ‎61. We can I earn from Paragraph 2 that the An family ______.‎ A. started a business in 1975 B. left Vietnam without much money C. bought a restaurant in San Francisco D. opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles ‎62. What can we infer about the An daughters?‎ A. They did not finish their college education.‎ B. They could not bear to work in the family business.‎ C. They were influenced by what Helene taught them.‎ D. They were troubled by disagreement among family members.‎ ‎63. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. How to Run a Corporation B. Strength Comes from Peace C. How to Achieve a Big Dream D. Family Unity Builds Success ‎【答案】‎ ‎60. A ‎61. B ‎62. C ‎63. D ‎60. A 细节理解题。根据第一段“she tied several chopsticks together, representing a family.‎ This lesson about family unity...”可知，Helene把筷子绑在一起并试着折断它们，是为了显示团结的力量。‎ ‎61. B 细节理解题。根据“when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975, they didn't have much money.”可知，当离开越南时，Helene夫妇并没有太多的钱。‎ ‎62. C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Eventually the girls all graduated from college”排除A；根据“the daughters returned to work in the family business”可知，Helene的女儿们相继都回到了家族企业，但文中未提到她们无法承受家族企业里的工作，排除B；根据“they worked together to make the business successful”可知，虽然有分歧，但她们还是齐心协力地工作，排除D。‎ ‎63. D 选择最佳标题。根据第一段“Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity (团结).”和第三段“to succeed we must have unity”与第四段“and they worked together. Now they are a big success.”可知，文文章主要讲的是家庭团结对取得成功的重要性。文章没有讲怎样经营一家大型公司，也没有提到怎样实现伟大梦想。‎ ‎【考点定位】故事类短文阅读 ‎【名师点睛】细节理解题比较简单，考生可以从文中直接找到提示；推理判断题需要从文中找到排除某一个选项的依据，而不能主观臆断。选择最佳标题，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文，从手段和末段寻找文章的主旨大意。‎ ‎9.【2015·新课标全国II】A My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed ‎ off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.‎ Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.‎ When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the sit is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.‎ ‎21. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?‎ A. He got an older model than he had expected.‎ B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.‎ C. He could have bought it at a lower price.‎ D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.‎ ‎22. Which of the following an best replace the phrase “signed off” in paragraph 1?‎ A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels ‎ C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies ‎23. How did the author finally get this TV set working again?‎ A. By shaking and hitting it B. By turning it on and off C. By switching channels ‎ D. By having it repaired ‎24. How does the author sound when telling the story?‎ A. Curious B. Anxious C. Cautious A. Humorous ‎【答案】‎ ‎21. C ‎ ‎22. A ‎23. D ‎ ‎24. D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 我的彩电带给我的只有让我头疼的事。从一开始就让我很不痛快。因为我花的钱比广告上的多，这还不算，机子还是过时的，而且质量也有问题，先是接受频道不全，接着是噪音不断，最后只好自己花钱去修。 ‎ ‎21. C 细节理解题。根据第一段第四行“when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.” 当我看到报纸上75美元比我买的价格低的时候，我感觉我上当了。故选C。‎ ‎22.A 词义推测题。根据后一句Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.：幸运的是，我没有可以整晚看电影的频道，否则我就不能睡觉了，故选A。‎ ‎23.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的My trip to the repair shop cost me $62，可知作者由于用拳头砸电视，导致电视没了噪音，也什么都不出了。最后只好自己花钱去修理店修电视机，共花了62美元，故选D。‎ ‎24.D推理判断题。根据开头Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.意思是说：看不了电视节目就可以睡觉；中间还说I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.意思是：晃动电视的同时还锻炼了胳膊上肌肉，可知作者很诙谐幽默。故选D。‎ ‎【考点定位】故事类短文阅读 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】本文以考查学生对本故事的内容是否理解为主要考点，以细节理解题为主，兼顾对词语在语境中的意义的考查。最后一题较难，推断作者对事情的态度，考生需要在全文中寻找有关线索，尤其对Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.的理解很关键，or I would never have gotten to bed.是一个虚拟语气句，看不成电视反而成了好事；I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set ‎，晃电视是因为有噪音，作者竟然还提到锻炼了胳膊的肌肉，从中可以看出作者幽默的一面。‎ ‎10.【2015·福建】B Papa, as a son of a dirt-poor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for education was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. "There's so much to learn," he'd say. "Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way. " He was determined that none of his children would be denied ( fll^fe) an education.‎ Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point. Then came the moment—the time to share the day's new learning.‎ Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen. "Felice," he'd say, "tell me what you learned today. " "I learned that the population of Nepal is .... " Silence.‎ Papa was thinking about what was said, as if the salvation of the world would depend upon it. "The population of Nepal. Hmm. Well . . . . " he'd say. "Get the map; let's see wrhere Nepal is. " And the wThole family went on a search for Nepal.‎ This same experience was repeated until each family member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.‎ As children, we thought very little about these educational wonders. Our family, however, was growing together, sharing experiences and participating in one another's education. And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher.‎ Later during my training as a future teacher /1 studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a single day has been wasted, though I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.‎ ‎60.What do we know from the first paragraph?‎ A. The author's father was born in a worker's family.‎ B. Those born stupid could not change their life.‎ C. The town elders wanted to learn about the world.‎ D. The poor could hardly afford school education.‎ ‎61.The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to " ‎ A. one new thing B. a request C. the news D. some comment ‎62.It can be learned from the passage that the author .‎ A. enjoyed talking about news B. knew very well about Nepal C. felt regret about those wasted days D . appreciated his father's educational technique ‎63What is the greatest value of "dinner time" to the author?‎ A. Continual learning. B. Showing talents.‎ C. Family get-together. D. Winning Papa's approval.‎ ‎64.The author's father can be best described as .‎ A. an educator expert at training future teachers B. a parent insistent on his children's education C. a participant willing to share his knowledge D. a teacher strict about everything his students did ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查记叙文阅读。本文是一篇记叙文，通过对父亲的教育方式的描写，表达了作者对于父亲的敬爱。‎ ‎61.C分析推断题。这里的it代指的是news，代指的是前面的主语。根据该词附近的语境可以知道我们会谈论一天的新闻，不论重要与否，都不是可以等闲视之的。故选C ‎62.D细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句Later during my training as a future teacher studied with some of the most famous educators. They were imparting what Papa had known all along：在我成为未来教师的实习中，我和一些很有名的教育者一同学习，他们传授着父亲所知道的——持续教育的意义。故选D ‎63.A分析推断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句His technique has served me well all my life. 他的教育方式使我受用终生。而该句前一句中又提到父亲的教育方式就是持续性的教育，故选A ‎64.B分析推断题。从全文来看，我们可以知道父亲的教育方针就是让我们持续性的学习，故可以知道父亲是一个坚持着教育孩子的人。故选B ‎【考点定位】记叙文阅读。‎ ‎【名师点睛】记叙文的文章更相对而言是比较容易做，贴近生活，但需要的是一个细心和理解。答案都是在文章中可以找到或者通过文中的线索分析出来，必须一个一个选项匹配排除，最终才能够得出最佳答案。只要掌握了每一段的大意，做题就不会太难。‎ ‎【2015·新课标全国I】C Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.‎ The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.‎ The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing ‎ Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.‎ The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.‎ ‎28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Productive. C. Generous. D. Traditional.‎ ‎29. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?‎ ‎ A. One of his masterworks.‎ ‎ B. A successful screen adaptation.‎ ‎ C. An artistic creation for the stage.‎ ‎ D. One of the best TV programmes.‎ ‎30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?‎ A. By popularity.‎ B. By importance.‎ C. By size and shape.‎ D. By time and subject.‎ ‎31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? ‎ ‎ A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎28. B ‎ ‎29. A ‎ ‎30. D ‎ ‎31. A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。 ‎ ‎28. B细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over ‎ 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.可知达利的作品是多产的。故选B。‎ ‎29. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory是他的杰作之一。故选A。‎ ‎30. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。‎ ‎31. A 词义推测题。根据文章最后一段The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。‎ ‎【考点定位】说明类短文阅读 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】本篇文章为中等难度，难度主要体现在于艺术题材对学生来说相对陌生，且对于艺术作品的解释比较抽象。考生容易从心理上排斥此类阅读理解，但题目本身都是可以在原文中定位并找到答案的细节理解题，只要静心下来仔细寻找即可。最后一题的词义猜测稍微有点难度，因为contribution这个词对考生来说并不陌生，但此处并非“捐献”的含义。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【两年模拟】2017、2018名校模拟题及其答案解析 ‎2018年模拟题 ‎1.B【山西省太原市2018届高三第二次模拟】‎ Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive-through window of a local cafe, he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him. He also asks the restaurant workers to tell the customer to have a great day, in case they’re not already having one.‎ Oliver has never made a big deal out of his own generous actions until a letter was published by a news website in November. He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfast —he had saved a life.‎ According to the website, someone had written a letter stating that on July 18th, he was planning on committing suicide. The writer said that while he was at the drive-through window, he was planning on going home, writing a note and ending his life. When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin, however, the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picked ‎ up the tab and told him to have a great day.‎ ‎“I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason,” said the writer. “Why me? Why today? If I were a religious man, I would take this as a sign. This random act of kindness was directed at me on this day for a purpose.”‎ When the writer arrived home, he couldn’t hold back his tears and started to think about the simple good deed that had affected him so deeply. “I decided at that moment to change my plans for the day and do something nice for someone. I ended up helping a neighbor take groceries out of her car and into the house.”‎ The writer says that in the months following that fateful event, he does at least one kind thing for others every day. “To the nice man in the SUV, thank you from the bottom of my heart. Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life,” he said. “On July 18, 2017, I had the greatest day.”‎ ‎4. What is Oliver’s act of kindness every day?‎ A. Buying others breakfast.‎ B. Greeting restaurant workers.‎ C. Publishing positive news.‎ D. Taking groceries for neighbors.‎ ‎5. What is special about Oliver’s act of kindness on July 18, 2017?‎ A. It brought him thank-you letters.‎ B. It was reported on a news website.‎ C. It was the first time he’d paid for others.‎ D. It stopped someone from killing himself.‎ ‎6. What does the underlined phrase “picked up the tab” mean in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Paid the bill. B. Parked the car.‎ C. Left a message. D. Ordered a drink.‎ ‎7. How did the writer of the letter feel after the event?‎ A. He felt guilty. B. He felt grateful.‎ C. He felt confused. D. He felt saddened.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Glen Oliver每天早上为后面的人买早餐，他的善举无意中挽救了一个想自杀的人的生命。‎ ‎4. 细节推理题。根据第一段Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive-through window of a local cafe, he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him.可知，Glen Oliver每天早上为后面的人买早餐，故选A。‎ ‎6. 猜测词义题。此处指当这个人为早餐结账时，收银员告诉他，坐在他前面的越野车里的那个人已经给他买了账单，与第一段he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him呼应，picked up the tab指付款买单，与Paid the bill同义，故选A。‎ ‎7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段To the nice man in the SUV, thank you from the bottom of my heart.可知，写信者非常感激Glen Oliver，故选B。‎ ‎2.B【山东省泰安市2018届高三第二次模拟】‎ It was Groundhog Day. A winter storm had hit overnight too. I tried to open my backdoor only to find six inches of wet, heavy snow piled up against it. I knew I had quite a job of shoveling out ahead of me, so I reached over to grab my snow shovel. It looked a lot more ready to work than I did. I sighed and pulled on my boots, gloves, and heavy coat.‎ The wind chill was below zero and cut into my face as I slowly shoveled off my deck. After that I stayed my way over to my daughter’s house shoveling the path as I walked. It took a while to get her driveway clear and I knew I still had a lot to do. Next came the paths down the hill to my own cars covered in snow. I had grabbed the broom to sweep them off as well. I winced when the breeze blew the swept snow back into my face. Then I started to shovel out my driveways. My back was aching as I worked. I wished I could be building a snowman instead of shoveling. Winter sure had seemed a lot more fun when I was a boy.‎ When I was done I examined my work. It didn’t look half bad. I smiled and looked at the woods covered in white. They were such a special sight. I leaned on my shovel and took it all in. Then I started up the hill with the snow shovel in one hand and the broom in the other. Suddenly, an ‎ urge came over me and I dropped them both. I spread my arms, fed back into the blanket of white and happily moved my arms and legs to make an angel in the snow.‎ As you go through the seasons of this life take joy in your work. Take joy in your life. Remember that the course of your days rests in your own hands.‎ ‎25. What’s the theme of the text?‎ A. Enjoy winter work. B. Take things seriously.‎ C. Take joy in your life. D. Fight against cold.‎ ‎26. Which is the correct order of what the author shoveled?‎ A. his deck-his daughter’s driveway-his cars-his driveway B. his cars-his deck-his daughter’s driveway-his driveway C. his daughter’s driveway-his deck-his driveway-his cars D. his driveway-his daughter’s driveway-his cars-his deck ‎27. What can we conclude about the author from Paragraph 3?‎ A. He was not satisfied with his work.‎ B. He was absorbed in the snow sight.‎ C. He was fond of making snowmen.‎ D. He was in low spirits after work.‎ ‎【答案】25. C 26. A 27. B ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过讲述作者在扫雪的过程中，情不自禁欣赏雪景的经历，说明了要在生活中寻找快乐。‎ ‎25. 细节理解题。由最后一段As you go through the seasons of this life take joy in your work. Take joy in your life. Remember that the course of your days rests in your own hands.可知，这篇文章的主题是在你的生活中获得快乐，选C。‎ ‎26. 细节理解题。由第二段The wind chill was below zero and cut into my face as I slowly shoveled off my deck．After that I stayed my way over to my daughter’s house shoveling the path as I walked．It took a while to get her driveway clear and I knew I still had a lot to do．Next came the paths down the hill to my own cars covered in snow．I had grabbed the broom to sweep them off as well．I winced when the breeze blew the swept snow back into my face．Then I started to shovel out my ‎ driveways．可知，作者铲雪的先后顺序是：他的露天平台——女儿的车道——他自己的汽车——他的车道，故选A。‎ ‎27. 推理判断题。由第三段I smiled and looked at the woods covered in white．They were such a special sight．I leaned on my shovel and took it all in．Then I started up the hill with the snow shovel in one hand and the broom in the other．Suddenly，an urge came over me and I dropped them both．I spread my arms，fed back into the blanket of white and happily moved my arms and legs to make an angel in the snow．这里描写了作者忍不住欣赏雪景，内心的一种喜悦，可推知作者全神贯注欣赏雪景，选B。‎ ‎3. B【吉林省长春市2018届高三年级四模】‎ Fei-Fei Li arrived in the U. S. from China at age 16 with many big dreams. And it took many unusual jobs to help her achieve them. Luckily, she was smart and extremely driven. And today, she’s the director of Stanford University’s artificial intelligence lab.‎ ‎“As one of the leaders in the world for A. L., I feel much excitement and responsibility to create the most awesome and excellent technology for society and to educate the most awesome and excellent technologists—that’s my calling.” Li said.‎ She is also a loyal advocate for diversity in the tech industry.‎ ‎“I see extremely talented Stanford PhD students struggling with their visas and I find it unthinkable that we create so many barriers for the talents of the world”, Li said. While Li was in college at Princeton, she borrowed money from friends and even her high school math teacher to run a dry-cleaning business for her parents in order to help them get by. Li attended classes during the week and worked at the business on the weekends. Then, when Li was in graduate school, her mom developed cancer and had a stroke (中风). “It was difficult to keep moving ahead while all of this was happening. The real existential challenge is to live up to your fullest potential, live up to your sense of responsibility and to be honest to yourself about your dreams while doing it,” she said.‎ Li was named a Great Immigrant of 2016 by the Carnegie Corporation, the nation’s oldest grant making foundation which honors roughly 40 naturalized U. S. citizens each year. Her graduate studies were supported by the Paul & Daisy Soros Fellowships for New Americans.‎ ‎4. What do we know about Fei-Fei Li according to Paragraph 1?‎ A. She was born in the United States of America.‎ B. She has made many of her dreams come true.‎ C. She worked very hard because she’s not gifted.‎ D. She’s now doing researches on AI in China.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “calling” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Interest in technology. B. Desire to help.‎ C. Creativity in science. D. Sense of duty.‎ ‎6. What was Fei-Fei Li’s life like before she graduated from university?‎ A. She had been struggling with her visa.‎ B. Both her parents suffered from illness.‎ C. Her family was faced with a tight budget.‎ D. It was difficult for her to attend classes.‎ ‎7. Fei-Fei Li has achieved success because ________.‎ A. her awareness of her duty and goals made a difference B. an American foundation gave her support C. the Carnegie Corporation named her a Great Immigrant D. she was lucky enough to borrow money from others ‎【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A ‎【解析】这是一篇人物传记类文章。文章介绍了李菲菲来到美国后通过自己的努力克服困难最终取得成功的故事。‎ ‎5. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“I feel much excitement and responsibility to…”可知，李菲菲觉得她有责任为社会创造出最卓越、最优秀的技术，并培养出最优秀、最优秀的技术人才。所以只有D选项“责任感”符合题意。故答案选D。‎ ‎6. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I see extremely talented Stanford PhD students struggling with their ‎ visas”可知，李菲菲说她看到许多有天赋的斯坦福学生为签证苦苦挣扎，而不是李菲菲为签证苦苦挣扎，所以选项A错误。由“her mom developed cancer and had a stroke”可知，李菲菲的妈妈病了，而不是父母都生病了，所以选项B错误。由“Li attended classes during the week and worked at the business on the weekends.”可知，李菲菲平时上课，周末打工，而不是上课很困难，所以选项D错误。由“While Li was in college at Princeton, she borrowed money from friends and even her high school math teacher to run a dry-cleaning business for her parents in order to help them get by.”可知，李菲菲读书时，曾经借钱帮父母经营干洗店，所以家庭经济困难，选项C正确。所以选C。‎ ‎7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，这个基金会给予她“伟大移民”的称号是在她取得成功之后，所以选项C错误。根据全文可知，李菲菲的成功主要是凭借个人的努力，而不是基金会的支持，所以B项错误。根据第四段可知，李菲菲借钱是为了解决家庭经济困难，跟事业上的成功没有直接关系，所以选项D错误。根据全文内容，特别是第四段“The real existential challenge is to live up to your fullest potential, live up to your sense of responsibility and to be honest to yourself about your dreams while doing it, she said.”可知，李菲菲认为“真正的生存挑战是充分发挥你的潜力，履行你的责任感，在做梦想的时候诚实地面对自己”，所以强烈的责任感和设立明确的目标，努力克服困难和挑战是李菲菲最终成功的原因。所以选项A正确。‎ ‎4. B【湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2018届高三5月联考】‎ Customers who come into the Waffle House recognize server Evoni Williams, a soft-spoken 18-year-old from Texas City. It all started with a Facebook post. On the morning of March 3, Laura Wolf was eating breakfast at the Waffle House in La Marque when she overheard an older man, who reminded her of her late father, tell Williams he had trouble with his hands. The man, later identified as regular customer Adrien Charpentier, had an oxygen tank nearby and needed help cutting up his food. “Without hesitation,” Wolf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”‎ Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth and kindness with all. The following day, Williams’s Facebook notification（关注）began to light up. Her friends saw Wolf’s post and tracked her in it.‎ Williams had no idea that someone took a photo that morning. The diner was so busy that a line extended outside the door. She said helping Charpentier was reflexive. She has been working at Waffle House since last June to save for college, and this, she figured, was just the right thing to do. “I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather,” Williams said.‎ The post began to make its rounds in La Marque and eventually landed in front of the city’s mayor, Bobby Hocking. He decided to declare March 8 as Williams’s day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin A.Lane, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.‎ Williams still works at Waffle House five days a week and plans to do so until she starts classes in the fall at Houston-based Texas Southern. Wolf said Williams does not have a car to get to classes, but some people have offered to start a GoFundMe page for her, proving that a moment of a kindness can change a life.‎ ‎4. Why did Wolf post the photo on Facebook?‎ A. The photo reminded her of her late father. B. It could satisfy her inner needs.‎ C. She was touched by the sight. D. The customer had trouble with his hands.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Without a second thought. B. After careful consideration.‎ C. Winning a reward. D. Better serving customers.‎ ‎6. What can we infer about Evoni Williams?‎ A. She seldom saw Charpentier come to the House for breakfast.‎ B. It was GoFundMe page that led to her good luck.‎ C. She is no longer working in service business.‎ D. She has probably received a scholarship for her college education.‎ ‎7. What is the author’s purpose of writing the article?‎ A. To help Williams receive higher education.‎ B. To introduce a random act of kindness.‎ C. To show that young generation can always help.‎ D. To emphasize the influence of the social media.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B ‎【解析】 Williams在饼店无意中帮助了一位老人，并被上传到脸书上，这让大家非常感动，并认可了她的善意。最后一句讲了一个善良的时刻可以改变生活。由知可推断出文章介绍了一种随意的善意行为有了一个好的结局。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B项。‎ ‎4. 细节理解题。根据第二段Impressed, Wolf posted the moment on her Facebook page to share the warmth ‎ and kindness with all.。被（所见的事情）感动了，于是保鲁夫在她的脸谱网页上张贴，与大家分享这一温暖和善良的时刻。其中的Impressed（受感动的），与touched（被感动的）是同义词，故选C项。。‎ ‎5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Without hesitation,” Wolf wrote, Williams “took his plate and began cutting up his ham.”可知，Williams毫不犹豫地帮忙了。第三段中的Williams … She said helping Charpentier was reflexive. this, …she figured, was just the right thing to do. “I would want someone to help my grandmother or grandfather,” Williams said.可知，Williams说帮助Charpentier是reflexive.，我认为这是正确的事，我但愿也会有人来帮助我的祖父母。所以reflexive就是Without hesitation，即毫不犹豫地，不加思考地帮助那位老人。分析选项（A不假思索；B。深思熟虑的；C.获得奖赏；;D . 更好地为客户服。可知A项与Without hesitation的意思一致的。故选A项。‎ ‎6. 推断判断题。根据第四段最后“. He decided to declare March 8 as Williams’s day, and also received an email from Texas Southern University President Austin A.Lane, asking if the school could present Williams with a scholarship.” 城市市长Bobby询问学校是否可以向威廉姆斯颁发奖学金。由此可推断，Williams可能会得到一份奖学金。分析选项D项（她很可能获得了大学教育的奖学金。）与题意相符，故选D项。‎ ‎7. 主旨大意题。文章讲述了Williams在饼店无意中帮助了一位老人，这件事被上传到脸书上，这让大家非常感动，并对她的善意大加赞扬。最后一句讲了一个善良的时刻可以改变生活。由此可推断出文章介绍了一种随意的善意行为可改变生活。分析选项可知B项符合题意，故选B项。‎ ‎5. B【河南省郑州市2018届高三下学期第三次模拟】‎ US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark, her accent is thick, and if you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of. Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.‎ When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent. They also laugh, shout and cry. But this doesn’t come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America. When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”.‎ ‎“How do I defend myself?” Tahay thought. “I don’t know how.”‎ ‎“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you’ll learn.”‎ She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs: English without Barriers.‎ Tahay’s elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club. In the ‎ last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School’s poetry program into one of the most respected in the city. Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.‎ The first time Tahay read the group’s poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,” she thought. “I want to say something.”‎ She wrote her first poem about her first year in America. She called it Invisible. The day her turn came to recite in front of the team, she broke down crying. She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in,” Tahay said. “I couldn’t even finish it.”‎ But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar, spelling and diction (措辞). Still, she wouldn’t tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.‎ But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride,” Tahay said. “They told me that I’m worth something.”‎ ‎“She had this innocence,” Kurnick said. “This willingness to be genuine and show you things you don’t ever see.”‎ ‎4. What did Tahay’s mother suggest she do when she was teased by others?‎ A. Fight with them bravely.‎ B. Report them to her teachers.‎ C. Ignore them and keep going.‎ D. Try hard to make friends with them.‎ ‎5. What are the themes of Tahay and her team’s poems?‎ A. Their admiration for the great poets.‎ B. Their appreciation of natural beauty.‎ C. Their expectations of a better future.‎ D. Funny and painful stories about their lives.‎ ‎6. How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the group’s poems?‎ A. She was cold. B. She was excited.‎ C. She was nervous. D. She was frightened.‎ ‎7. How did Tahay benefit from writing poems?‎ A. She felt more confident about herself.‎ B. She won many national poetry competitions.‎ C. She became the first student poet in the city.‎ D. She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎5. 推理判断题。根据第六段的内容Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.（她的团队借鉴了D.H. Laurence、Pat Mora和Kendrick Lamar等人创作自己生活的诗篇。诗描写了许多东西如一些乐趣和痛苦。）可知，这些都是描写他们生活中的乐趣和痛苦的。分析选项可知D项正确。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。根据第七段内容The first time Tahay read the group’s poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,”可知，当她第一次讲到这些诗时，她觉得她的脊梁发冷。“我希望我也能那样写，”。根据第二句说她也想写出这样的诗，可知她是羡慕的。分析四个选项（A. She was cold.她很冷；B. She was excited.她很激动；C. She was nervous.很紧张；D. She was frightened.她很恐惧。），只有B项表达她羡慕的激动心情。故选B项。‎ ‎7. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride,” Tahay said.可知，写诗给了她自信和自豪感。分析选项可知A项符合题意。‎ ‎6. B【河北省石家庄市第二中学2018届高三仿真模拟（一）】‎ Throughout the past few years, I’have tried to give myself to others. I have bounced around to find where I truly fit in. I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala, an orphanage(孤儿院), with the children living there. Through hearing many stories of their lives, I was moved to tears and started question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn’t essential: makeup and any other sort of luxury(奢侈品). I lived like they did. It was the most relaxing feeling in the world.‎ When at Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos, we were given the task of creating a pig pen. At first, I thought it should be easy. After arriving at the area where the pig pen should be, we saw a hill. We were told to uproot the weeds as well as level the entire area. Looking at it, we felt ‘it would be impossible. On my own faith journey, I have felt this type of doubt before. The “hole”, as we referred to, is a symbol of my faith journey. It appeared to be an obstacle I could not overcome, but in the end I completed i! with efforts. I feel this pig pen wasn’t easy to create but was so rewarding to give.‎ I’ve always struggled to be on a journey of faith, but I’ve never completely stepped foot onto the path until Guatemala. I’ve always tried to open my heart to everyone around me and give them my love. I feel as though I cut open my heart and share every bit of love ‘I had with these orphans. There is one orphan named Ceto who will always remain very close to my heart. In Guatemala, I sponsor with thirty dollars a month, but it doesn’t seem enough. I’ll return there next summer and give more of my love for a whole month.‎ When it was time to leave, I looked out of the window and saw not just ordinary children. Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.‎ ‎4. What resulted in the author’s decision to live a new life?‎ A. Desire to help others. B. Decrease in his income.‎ C. A knowledge of the orphans’life. D. Awareness of the difficulty in his life.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Removing the doubt. B. Uprooting the weed.‎ C. Starting the faith journey. D. Creating the pig pen.‎ ‎6. What did the author think of his experience in Guatemala?‎ A. It was regretful. B. It was meaningful.‎ C. It was interesting. D. it was frightening.‎ ‎7. What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. A Step into a New World B. An Awful Faith Journey C. A Great Success in Life D. A Return of Confidence ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在危地马拉期间，作者改变了自己的生活，从而改变了他的人生。‎ ‎4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala, an orphanage (孤儿院)，with the children living there. Through hearing many stories of their lives, I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn’t essential可知，作者了解到孤儿的生活之后，决定改变自己的生活。故选C。‎ ‎5. 词义猜测题。根据其后句I feel this pig pen wasn’t easy to create but was so rewarding to give.可以猜测出，it代指Creating the pig pen.建造猪圈这件事。故选D。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.可以推断出，作者认为在危地马拉的经历是有意义的。故选B。‎ ‎7. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.可以推断出在危地马拉期间，作者改变了自己的生活，从而改变了人生。故用A Step into a New World作为本文的标题。故选A。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 这是一篇人物故事类阅读。阅读文章时，一定要明白作者在危地马拉是如何改变人生的。做细节理解题时，一定要找到文章的原句。如第一小题，重点抓住第一段I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala以及后面的句子就可以找出答案。做推理判断题时，切不可凭自己的主观想象来代替文章事实，而是要通过文章的事实，再进行合符逻辑的推理，最终判断出正确的答案。‎ ‎7. （2018 ·湖北八校高三上学期第一次联考）‎ Leaders shape history and here is a selection of the most remarkable views into these public figures plus first-hand accounts by those with access to them.‎ Margaret Thatcher by Charles Moore (2013)‎ Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher. Moore’s account is different. He shows that far from being fearless, she could often be fearful without cause. The final volume will include her fall from power.‎ Harold Wilson by Ben Pimlott (1992)‎ Harold Wilson had become a ghostly figure when this book was published in 1992. The absence heightened a sense of mystery. Who was he? How to explain his seemingly contradictory ‎ characteristics? Pimlott solves some of the mysteries; the book is detailed until Wilson’s final phase as prime minister in 1974.‎ Churchill by Roy Jenkins (2001)‎ Jenkins writes a politician as well as a historian, analyzing Churchill’s historic moves from the opinions of one who had also spoken in the Commons. Jenkins had resigned from high positions in battles over policy, and as one that changed parties, though not as frequently as Churchill did.‎ Roy Jenkins by John Campbell (2014)‎ Campbell calmly narrates the many political and personal dramas, including Jenkins’ intense relationship with Anthony Crosland when they were both students at Oxford. Campbell also addresses Jenkins’ various affairs with women. Like Jenkins’s political heroes, he led many lives. Campbell is sharp in describing each of them.‎ Diaries, Volumes One to Six by Alastair Campbell (2017)‎ Love or hate him, Campbell remains the master of the inside story, and not just because of his unusual ideas on the relationship between Tony Blair and Gordon Brown. This is an incredibly detailed book on what it’s like to live inside No. 10: the cruel space of events; and the constant conflict with the media.‎ ‎1. Which of the following leaders has the largest number of books written about them?‎ A. Harold Wilson. B. Churchill.‎ C. Margaret Thatcher. D. Tony Blair.‎ ‎2. Which writer was once a politician?‎ A. Ben Pimlott. B. Charles Moore.‎ C. John Campbell. D. Roy Jenkins.‎ ‎3. What’s purpose of the author’s writing the passage?‎ A. To introduce some histories on selections.‎ B. To recommend some books on leaders.‎ C. To tell some mysteries about historians.‎ D. To think highly of some famous leaders.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要介绍了几本关于著名领导人的书。‎ ‎1. C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher.”可知，在穆尔出版他的第一本传记之前，Thatcher 已经有很多书了。由此可判断出C是正确的。‎ ‎3. B推理判断题。文章第一段指出：领导者创造历史，这里有对这些公众人物最引人注目的见解，还有那些能接触到他们的人的第一手资料。接着在下文介绍了几本书就是关系几位公众人物的书。综合第一段和全文内容可知是推荐关于这些领导人的书的。故选C。‎ ‎8. （2018 ·山西省、河南省高三上学期阶段性测评（四）晋豫省际大联考）‎ A 60-year-old homeless woman named Smokie has been sleeping outside in the dirt a few doors down from a man named Elvis Summers.‎ Most mornings, she stops by Elvis’s Los Angeles apartment and asks if he has any recyclable materials for her. Through these conversations, they struck up a friendship.‎ One morning, Elvis saw a news article about man in Oakland who has been making tiny houses out of deserted materials. He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the wood and hardware to make Smokie a brand new shelter it took him five days to build it, and now, for the first time in ten years, Smokie a brand new shelter. It took him five days to build it, and now, for the first time in ten years, Smokie has a place to hang the sign. “Home Sweet Home”.‎ ‎“I had nowhere to really build it, so I just built it in the street outside of my apartment,” Elvis told Good News Network. “The local LAPD police have been super cool, and have told me hey support it—as long as we move it to a different spot every 72 hours.”‎ He made this pretty time-lapse(延时的) video showing how he did it. The materials, including two locks on the front door and strong wheels for moving it around, cost him about $500.‎ ‎“I’ve met so many homeless people, good people,” Elvis said in an email, “Since I built Smokie’s , I’ve had several people asking me to make them a tiny home and it’s turned into much more than just the one house I wanted to build.”‎ Although he runs an online retail store that sells EDM clothes, he has decided to launch an ambitious project to fund more shelters. He plants to get lighter and cheaper materials—without ‎ sacrificing the strength of the house—for the next round. Rick Sassen, a branch manager, kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokie’s house, final items Elvis couldn’t afford on his own. Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future building materials for the same cause.‎ ‎1. What is the meaning of the underlined words “struck up” in paragraph 2?‎ A. Kept on.‎ B. Established.‎ C. Gave out.‎ D. Accomplished.‎ ‎2. Where did Elvis’s inspiration to build a tiny house come from?‎ A. A news report.‎ B. A science book.‎ C. A fiction story.‎ D. An advertisement.‎ ‎3. What is the main feature of the tiny house?‎ A. It is air-conditioned.‎ B. It is very light.‎ C. It can move around.‎ D. It has no roof.‎ ‎4. What can be inferred about Elvis from the last paragraph?‎ A. He will get help from poor people.‎ B. He earns his living by building houses.‎ C. He plans to build stronger houses.‎ D. He will help more homeless people.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Elvis从一则新闻报道获得灵感，创造出“能四处移动”的微型房子，他将帮助更多无家可归的人。‎ ‎1. B词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的Through these conversations, they struck up a friendship.由常识可知，通过谈话人们会建立友谊。故选B。‎ ‎2. A细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的One morning, Elvis saw a news article about man in Oakland who has been making tiny houses out of deserted materials. He was inspired to put off paying a ‎ few bills so he could buy the wood and hardware to make Smokie a brand new shelter it took him five days to build it,可知，Elvis的灵感来自一则新闻报道。故选A。‎ ‎3. C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的The materials, including two locks on the front door and strong wheels for moving it around, cost him about $500.可知，这种微型房子的主要特色是“能四处移动”，故选C。‎ ‎4. D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的Rick Sassen, a branch manager, kindly donated the roof shingles and cedar supporting Smokie’s house, final items Elvis couldn’t afford on his own. Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future building materials for the same cause.可推知，他将帮助更多无家可归的人。故选D。‎ ‎9. （2018·安徽省江淮十校高三第二次联考）‎ A man observed a woman in the grocery store with a three year old girl in her basket. As they passed the cookie section, the child asked for chocolate and her mother told her “no.” The little girl immediately began to get upset, and the mother remarked quietly, “Now Tina, we just have half of the aisles(通道) left to go through; don't be upset. It won't be long.”‎ He passed the Mother again in the candy aisle. Of course, the little girl began to shout for candy. When she was told she couldn't have any, she began to cry. The mother said, “There, there, Tina. Only a little bit longer, and then we'll be checking out.”‎ The man again happened to be behind the pair at the check-out, where the little girl immediately began to cry for a gum(橡皮糖) and burst into a terrible anger upon discovering there would be no gum purchased today. The mother said, “Ellen, we'll be through this check out stand in five minutes, and then you can go home and have a nice nap.”‎ The man followed them out to the parking lot and stopped the woman to compliment her. “I couldn't help noticing how patient you were with little Ellen ...”‎ The mother broke in, “My little girl's name is Tammy... I'm Ellen.”‎ ‎4. What did the little girl ask for?‎ A. cakes, candies, gums B. cookies, candies, a nap C. candies, gums, a nap D. cookies, candies, gums ‎5. Which of the statements is not true?‎ A. The little girl wanted to eat some snacks.‎ B. The woman didn’t buy anything her daughter asked for.‎ C. The man would be very surprised at the woman’s answer.‎ D. The man wanted to offer some help to the woman.‎ ‎6. What does the underlined word mean?‎ A. scold B. criticize C. praise D. comfort ‎7. Which word can best describe the woman?‎ A. patient B. anxious C. caring D. humorous ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了一个小女孩和妈妈在杂货店里的情景。‎ ‎5. D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The man followed them out to the parking lot and stopped the woman to compliment her. “I couldn't help noticing how patient you were with little Ellen ...”可知，这个男子并不想提供帮助给这个妇女。故选D。‎ ‎6. C词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段第二句“I couldn't help noticing how patient you were with little Ellen ...” “我特别注意到你对小蒂纳真是有耐心.”可知这个男士在称赞这位妇女。划线词的意思应该是“称赞”，故选C。‎ ‎7. B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Now Tina, we just have half of the aisles(通道) left to go through; don't be upset. It won't be long.”可知，这位妇女是焦虑的，她想快点走过去。故选B。‎ ‎10. （2018 ·安徽省皖南八校高三第二次联考）‎ In high school I was very shy, content to hang around with my small group of friends and to concentrate on my courses. I was quickly labeled a “brain.” I did so well that by the end of senior year I had perfect grades and enough college credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.‎ But in early June of senior year, the principal called me into office. He asked me to give a speech at gradation. I gaped(目瞪口呆地凝视)at him, my heart thumping. This was the reward for my hard work? I mumbled something and fled the office, blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have broken up my perfect record.‎ I finally agreed to a compromise. I would share the honor with five other students. I agreed to introduce my friend Judy, who would then give her own, full-length speech.‎ Graduation day soon arrived. I’d been practicing my speech for days, and I had it memorized. The first half hour of the ceremony passed in a blur, and then my moment came. My name was announced. I managed to reach the podium without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong. But within seconds, I was done and heading back to my seat. I accomplished something I’d never dreamed of—I spoke in front of hundreds of people.‎ Although I didn’t realize it at the time, the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free of my shyness. I never would have chosen to give a speech at graduation-or ever. But I’m glad I did. I no longer hesitate when I’m faced with the prospect of doing something I dread. I know it may very well turn out to be one of my shining moments.‎ ‎4. Why was the writer called a “brain”?‎ A. She was a bookworm all the time B. She was the head of her small group C. She was the most intelligent student D. She did more coursework for good grades.‎ ‎5. What can we infer from the second paragraph?‎ A. She ruined her health by studying hard B. She got the reward beyond expectation C. She was grateful for giving a speech D. She wasn’t good at physics at school ‎6. How did the author feel at the beginning of the graduation speech?‎ A. Scared B. Moved C. Excited D. Embarrassed ‎7. What did the speech bring to the author at last?‎ A. She had nothing to fear in life B. She got rid of her sense of shyness C. She won enough college credits D. She desired to become a speaker ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了第一次演讲的起因、经过和结果以及对今后的积极影响。‎ ‎4. C推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的concentrate on my courses. I did so well that by the end of senior year I had perfect grades and enough college credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.可知作者上学时学习努力，成绩很好，是最聪明努力的学生。所以被成为“brain”，故选C.‎ ‎5. D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的blaming myself for staying away from physics, a subject sure to have broken up my perfect record.可知作者的物理成绩不好，打破了她的完美记录。故选D.‎ ‎6. A推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的I managed to reach the podium without falling down. I faced my classmates. My voice trembled a little, but mostly it was clear and strong.可知毕业演讲开始的时候作者脚步不稳，声音发抖，非常害怕。故选A.‎ ‎7. B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college, to give verbal reports, and to eventually break free of my shyness.可知这次演讲给了作者在大学里参加课堂，发表口头报告的信心，并最终摆脱羞怯。故选B.‎ ‎11. （河南省豫南九校2018届高三下学期第一次联考）‎ My dream of working in a flower shop had its roots in my grandmother's garden, always in bloom, where I made bunches with whatever I could get my hands on. However, I wasn't prepared for the people. Their stories impressed me long after I locked up for the night.‎ I always enjoyed reading the messages that went along with each bunch. Most were what you would expect, plenty of“ I Love You3”and“ Get Well Soon.” We got "Happy Birthday, " "Happy ‎ Anniversary" and "Thinking of You" requests that phone messages were written in shorthand: H.B., H.A., T.O.Y.‎ I would laugh at messages that seemed too sugary or boring, and it disheartened me when customers asked what their sympathy card should say. But I also understood that finding the right words can be a monumental task and that sometimes those words just happen to be the same ones everyone else is using.‎ I have sold flowers to single men and women; to color-blind fathers shopping with their precocious daughters, to new parents, grandparents, aunts and uncles, to engaged 20 - somethings and couples celebrating 50 years. I've given flowers to homeless men who have in turn given them to pretty girls in summer dresses. People buy flowers when they’re in love, in trouble, drunk, devastated, excited and sometimes for no obvious reason.‎ I took photos of card messages and told my favorite shop stories to co-workers, family and friends, but still so much has gotten away, Precious moments made all the more precious by the fact that they have already come and gone. Now I gauge months by what's in season： sunflowers in July, dahlias （大丽花）in August, roses and maple in October, pine in December, hyacinth（风信子） in March.‎ A favorite of mine is tulip magnolia（紫玉兰）, the way the buds（花蕾） break into flowers and the flowers into many colors on lawns, all in a matter of weeks while it's snowing cherry blossoms. How surprisingly beautiful the life of flowers can be.‎ ‎12. Why did the author like reading the messages going with the bunches?‎ A. They conveyed friendship, love and best wishes.‎ B. They reminded the author of his past.‎ C. They were sugary and the author found them funny.‎ D. They helped to attract customers to buy flowers.‎ ‎13. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?‎ A. The messages were boring because of repetitions.‎ B. The author likes tulip magnolia because of its growing place.‎ C. The author found it depressing to talk about sympathy cards.‎ D. The author learned a lot in her grandmother's garden.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word "gauge" probably mean in Paragraph 5?‎ A. Spend. B. Forget.‎ C. Arrange. D. Measure.‎ ‎15. What does the author learn from the flower shop?‎ A. She understands that everyone has a favorite flower.‎ B. She learns that life is more beautiful with flowers.‎ C. She realizes that flowers sell well with message cards.‎ D. She finds out that message cards are worth cherishing.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在花店工作，顾客们购买鲜花赠送亲朋好友。他们的喜怒哀乐赋予鲜花不同的含义。这样的工作经历使作者明白了一个人生道理：鲜花使人们的生活更加美丽。‎ ‎13. C推理判断题。由第三段中的“it disheartened me when customers asked what their sympathy card should say”可知，当顾客们询问他们那些慰问卡上应该写什么时，作者感到沮丧，故选C。‎ ‎14. D词义猜测题。由第五段中的“Now I gauge months by what's in season： sunflowers in July, dahlias （大丽花）in August, roses and maple in October, pine in December, hyacinth（风信子） in March”可知，作者根据应季的花（植物）来衡量这个月份：七月的太阳花；八月的大丽花； 10月的玫瑰花和枫叶；11月的菠萝；三月的风信子。该划线单词应为“衡量”之意，故选D。‎ ‎15. B推理判断题。由最后一段中的“How surprisingly beautiful the life of flowers can be”可知，作者认为花的生命非常的美丽。由此可知，美丽的花使生活美丽。故选B。‎ ‎12. （2018 ·江西名校学术联盟（临川一中、景德镇一中、雁潭一中等）高三质量检测（二））‎ I considered an active social life as basic human necessity. Yet when it dawned on me just how much time I was spending socialising, I realised I may be taking it to an extreme. I calculated that, on average, I was spending 22 hours or more each week on social activities. So, to see what would happen to my work output, health and wellbeing, I decided to try and cut out my social life entirely.‎ I knew, at times, I filled my schedule simply out of fear of missing out (FOMO), but also as a way to shift focus away from my work. For one month, I declined all in-person activities with friends: going out for drinks; dinners; parties and non-work related events, to see if it would make me more productive, improve my focus and career prospects.‎ On day one of the month-long experiment, I had to fight some anxiety over missing out. But as the days passed, I started to relax. I only had one option to consider for Saturday night—to stay home—and this limitation left me more satisfied in my decision. I felt more content working, reading or watching TV.‎ While I found more time to work, I also noticed a change in my overall health. I found myself cooking more at home, doing daily exercise, getting to bed earlier each night, reading, and enjoying moments of rest and boredom throughout the day.‎ Having no social life left me more free time than I’d imagine. Such idle moments are vital for creativity, and mind wandering has been linked to creative problem solving. During the experiment I found myself regularly brainstorming new ideas and reimagining existing projects.‎ Of course socialising is an important way to build work contacts. While one month of no social life did not impact my relationship with existing clients, if I had continued, it may harm my ability to build new ones.‎ ‎4. What did the author realize about his socializing?‎ A. It was difficult for him to contact people.‎ B. It’s a necessary part of his life and work.‎ C. He had spent too much time in socializing.‎ D. He should have spent more time socializing.‎ ‎5. How did the author feel on the first day of his experiment?‎ A. He felt anxious that he might be left out.‎ B. He felt more energetic to get clown to work.‎ C. He felt relaxed not having to contact people.‎ D. He felt doubtful whether he could hold on.‎ ‎6. What benefit did the author find to let his mind wander lazily?‎ A. He could have more time with his family.‎ B. He could solve problems in a creative way.‎ C. He could be more concentrated on his work.‎ D. He could free himself from the work contacts.‎ ‎7. What would the author do after the experiment?‎ A. Live a quiet life with his family away from the outside.‎ B. Make a new social life with any possible customers.‎ C. Spare some time regularly for creative thinking alone.‎ D. Continue his work contacts with his customers.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者意识到自己花了太多的时间在社交上，于是进行了为期一个月的实验，完全切断社交生活，作者很享受这段惬意生活。‎ ‎4. C推理判断题。根据第一段中的I realised I may be taking it to an extreme. I calculated that, on average, I was spending 22 hours or more each week on social activities. So, to see what would happen to my work output, health and wellbeing, I decided to try and cut out my social life entirely.可知，作者意识到自己花了太多的时间在社交上，故选C。‎ ‎5. A细节理解题。根据第三段中的On day one of the month-long experiment, I had to fight some anxiety over missing out.可知，作者在尝试的最初阶段，他对于自己可能会被抛弃，感觉很焦虑，故选A。‎ ‎6. B推理判断题。根据第五段中的Such idle moments are vital for creativity, and mind wandering has been linked to creative problem solving.可知，作者发现让自己的思维游荡能够有创造性的解决问题，故选B。‎ ‎7. D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Of course socialising is an important way to build work contacts. While one month of no social life did not impact my relationship with existing clients, if I had continued, it may harm my ability to build new ones.可知，做完实验之后，作者继续他的工作，和客户联系，故选D。‎ ‎13. 【安徽省滁州市2018届高三9月联合质量检测】C Steven Jobs,the designer of Apple Computer,was not clever when he was in school.At that time,he was not a good student and he always made troubles with his schoolmates.When he went into college,he didn't change a lot. Then he dropped out（退学）.But he was full of new ideas.‎ After he left college,Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer.He worked there for only ‎ several months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in his life.‎ Steven Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.‎ In 1975,he began to make a new type of computer.He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.He chose the name "Apple" just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. .‎ His Apple Computer was so successful that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.‎ He often said,"I live in order to change the world;there aren't any other reasons.The only way to have a great achievement is to love your own career.If you can't find your favorite career,go on looking for it and never give up."‎ This is Steven Jobs.Though he is dead,his spirit and achievements still influence our lives.‎ ‎8. Why was Steven Jobs not a good student in school?‎ A. He never did his lessons.‎ B. He dropped out.‎ C. He always made troubles with his schoolmates.‎ D. He was full of new ideas.‎ ‎9. Why did Steven Jobs go to India?‎ A. To be a video game designer. B. To get some new ideas.‎ C. To make a new type of computer. D. To have a happy summer.‎ ‎10. What made Steven Jobs famous all over the world?‎ A. His new ideas. B. His Apple Computer.‎ C. His video games. D. His saying.‎ ‎11. What can we know about Steven Jobs from this passage?‎ A. He didn't finish his studies in the college because he hated his schoolmates.‎ B. He liked traveling in India and California.‎ C. He liked trying new things and making his new ideas come true.‎ D. He thought he had many reasons to live in the world.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C ‎8. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段At that time, he was not a good student and he always made troubles with his schoolmates，故选C。‎ ‎9. 细节理解题。根据He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in his life.可知史蒂夫•乔布斯去印度是因为他想获得一些新的理念，所以选B。‎ ‎10. 细节理解题。根据His Apple Computer was so successful that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.可知史蒂夫•乔布斯的苹果电脑使他闻名于全世界，所以选B。‎ ‎11. 归纳理解题。根据短文大意可知乔布斯总是有新的想法，并使之实现。故选C。‎ ‎14. C【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】‎ He was there every morning, sitting motionless on the front steps of his house. In the morning light, I could see the shadows that were etched(蚀刻)deep within the lines surrounding his eyes.‎ Each morning I walked this route with my daughter to her kindergarten class. We were new to the neighborhood so that I didn’t know many of my neighbors. On one beautiful autumn morning, as we passed his house, my daughter called out to him, “Hi, Mr. Man!” Always the outgoing child, I wasn’t surprised at her enthusiasm. But her cheerfulness soon faded when the man didn’t look at her and say “Hi” back.‎ As we continued on our walk to school, my daughter asked why the man didn’t want to say hi to her. Because I didn’t have an answer, I said simply, “Maybe he is having a bad day.” later I knew that Bob lost his wife in a car accident.‎ A few days later, as we approached Bob’s house on our way to school, my daughter called out “Hi Mr. Man!” and as usual, he didn’t respond. But then she ran onto his front lawn and picked up a beautiful red autumn leaf. She continued up one step and handed it to him. I held my breath.‎ As she skipped back to me, she said, “See you tomorrow, Mr. Man!” This time, he acknowledged her. In a soft gentle voice, he tanked her and said, “See you tomorrow.”‎ From then on, Bob and my daughter exchanged greeting each morning. Our friendship with Bob continued for many years. But, the sweetest day is when Bob attended my daughter’s high school ‎ graduation. Bob gave my daughter a gift---a book on identifying various plants and trees. There, tucked in the pages that described an oak tree, was the leaf my daughter had given to Mr. Man when they first met. He had dried and pressed it and kept it all those years.‎ ‎8. What puzzled the girl?‎ A. The cause of the man’s sadness B. The shadows in the man’s eyes C. The man’s sitting still on the steps D. The man’s not answering her greeting ‎9. How did the author feel when his daughter gave the red leaf to the man?‎ A. Proud B. Nervous C. Embarrassed D. Comfortable ‎10. Why did Bob keep that little red leaf?‎ A. It was a care from a girl B. It was a symbol of enthusiasm C. It was a reminder of his painful days D. It represented the knowledge of trees ‎11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. A Simple Red Leaf B. A Strange Neighbor C. An Unusual Friend D. A Greeting From A girl ‎【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A ‎【解析】 本文属于故事类文章。作者的女儿是一个活泼外向的女孩子，看到了悲伤的Bob，主动打招呼，却没有得到回应。后来知道了这个男人的悲伤，于是送给他一片红秋叶，温暖了他，从此开始了他们之间的友谊。这告诉我们人在悲伤时一个小小的善意的举动能变一个人的痛苦。‎ ‎8. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“…my daughter asked why the man didn’t want to say hi to her.” 我女儿问为什么那个男人不想跟她打招呼。分析此句可知女孩对于那个男人不和她打招呼很困惑。故选D。‎ ‎9. B ‎10. A 推理判断题。根据文中所述可知Bob在车祸中失去妻子之后，心情极度低落，而作者的女儿却与他打招呼，即使他没有反应，甚至于送给他一片红色的秋叶，这一切都表达了小姑娘对他的关心，故选A。‎ ‎11. A 主旨大意题。根据文章的叙述是作者的女儿送给Bob一片红色的秋叶才打破了僵局，也温暖了Bob的心。所以最好的标题是A。‎ ‎15【安徽省皖南八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】‎ If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news---if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.‎ John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.‎ Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.‎ The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.‎ The researchers say ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cell’s energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue producing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”‎ Price said, “ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires wear out,” he explained, “you don’t throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”‎ ‎“Food,” he said, “isn’t just material to be burned---it’s a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And this may “help us make more educated decisions about what we eat.”‎ ‎12. What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?‎ A. They can keep healthy easily B. They need more energy to be active C. They can look younger than they are D. They will live a longer life like humans ‎13. What will happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?‎ A. They will completely break down B. They make proteins in the cells slowly C. They will produce high quality proteins more D. They may need more time to repair themselves ‎14. Price explained the ribosomes’ role of repairing themselves by _________.‎ A. telling a story B. listing basic data C. making comparisons D. experimenting on mice ‎15. What does the text mainly deal with?‎ A. Food decides how long you live B. Can you slow down your aging process?‎ C. Eating less may help you live longer D. Should your diet be reduced for your health?‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C ‎【解析】 本文属于科技与发明类。主要介绍了通过在老鼠身上所作的实验，发现减少食物有利于身体建康，让人更长寿。‎ ‎12. A推理判断题。根据第三段“the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease”饮食限制的老鼠更精力充沛，患疾病的几率也更小。根据句意可知限制饮食的老鼠更健康，故选A。‎ ‎13. B推理判断题。根据第四段句意：研究人员发现更少的热量减慢了称为核糖体的细胞的自然机制。 Price说明核糖体负责制造细胞中重要的蛋白质。但是热量越少，它们就制造的速度越慢。分析本句可知核糖体在细胞中制造蛋白质的速度减慢了。故选B。‎ ‎14. 推理判断题。根据第六段：普赖斯说：“核糖体是一个非常复杂的机器，就像一辆汽车。”他们需要“维修”来替换最快磨损的部件。“当轮胎磨损时，”他解释道，“你不要把车全扔掉，买一辆新的。”。更换旧轮胎成本较低。” 普赖斯把核糖体比作是一辆非常复杂的汽车， 可知是通过比较的，故选C。‎ ‎15. D主旨大意题。根据第一段可知想要年轻就要少吃。第三段限制食物的老鼠要更活跃更健康。及最后一段这可能会“帮助我们对我们所吃的东西做出更多的教育决定”。可知为了建康应该减少食物。故选D。‎ ‎16. B【安徽省A10联盟2018届高三11月联考】‎ Maybe you want to give back to your community, but you don’t know where to begin. It was something Rebecca Reeder used to hear from friends whenever they learned she volunteered around the Los Angeles area.‎ The idea finally took shape during her 30th birthday celebration. Reeder and her brother put together a surprise party for her guests. They rented a party bus in secret and invited everyone she knew to a mystery (神秘) event. The surprise bus ride was not only a hit but also an effective ice breaker. Many guests had never met before that night but they were all fast friends by the end of the trip.‎ Reeder and a friend realized this might be the answer for friends seeking fun ways to do good.‎ Then they began Do Good Bus and hosted their first community ride in 2010. Everyone assumed it would be a one-off event, but participants had such fun and felt so good about giving back that they demanded another. And then another. “This kind of things just snowballed from there,” says Reeder, who is now a full-time director of the growing nonprofit organization.‎ Over the past seven years, Do Good Bus has offered once-a-month public rides in Los Angeles. Volunteers board the bus and ride to a mystery community service project. Reeder likes to keep the locations and causes a secret to add an element of fun and mystery, and to prevent people from arriving with too much expectation.‎ Participants pay $ 45, with 10 percent going to the day’s cause and the rest going to Do Good Bus to help cover costs and run the program.‎ Rides usually last four to five hours and include everything from working in homeless shelters to beach cleanups to planting community gardens.‎ The aim, says Reeder, is to raise awareness about causes, and encourage continued support in the community while having a good time.‎ ‎4. Why did Reeder say the bus ride on her birthday was an ice breaker?‎ A. It exposed the need of the poor to people.‎ B. It made people realize how to do good deeds.‎ C. It made people brave enough to stand the cold ice.‎ D. It helped people get connected in the activity.‎ ‎5. What do we know about their first ride in 2010?‎ A. It took place in winter.‎ B. It was disappointing.‎ C. It was a great success.‎ D. The author organized it alone.‎ ‎6. How does Reeder get the money for the activities?‎ A. Participants pay for them.‎ B. The government supports her.‎ C. She raises money in society,‎ D. Community covers 10 percent of the cost.‎ ‎7. What can we infer about the Do Good Bus?‎ A. It takes about 5 hours on the way.‎ B. It offers a pleasant way to do good deeds.‎ C. It raises money for the participants’ community.‎ D. It gives a surprising and friendly celebration.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B ‎【解析】 本文属于公益活动文章。主要讲述Rebecca Reeder想为社会做好事，但苦于没有机会，最后在她30岁生日时想到了一个好主意—-用一辆巴士进行社区旅行，既让参与者交到新朋友又做了好事。‎ ‎4. D ‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“The surprise bus ride was not only a hit but also an effective ice breaker. Many guests had never met before that night but they were all fast friends by the end of the trip.” 那天晚上以前很多客人都没见过面，但到旅行结束时，他们都成了好朋友。由此可知是这辆巴士是帮助在活动中成为好朋友也就是以后有了联系。根据下文中这种活动进行了好多次，更是加强了他们之间的联系，故选D。‎ ‎5. C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容： 2010举办了第一次社区旅行。每个人都认为这是一个一次性的活动，但参与者们过得很快乐，而且觉得太好了，于是又要求再举行一次。然后再一个。如滚雪球般越来越多。从中可知2010年的第一社区旅行非常成功，以致于停不下来。故选C。‎ ‎6. A ‎ 推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知参与者支付45美元，其中10%个用于当天的活动，其余的则是为了支付费用和运行程序而做的好公共汽车。从中分析出费用由参与者支付，故选 A。‎ ‎7. B 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“.Reeder and a friend realized this might be the answer for friends seeking fun ways to do good.”可知Do Good Bus给人们带来了快乐，让不认识的人在活动后成为好朋友，同时也是是朋友寻求乐趣的方式来做好事的方法，分析选项可知B项符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎2017年模拟题 ‎1. [2017 · 辽宁省大连市高三3月双基测试]‎ When Paula GrzelakSchultz spotted a piece of paper tucked under her windshield (挡风玻璃) wipers, she thought she was getting fined for leaving her car in a bar parking lot overnight. With a heavy sigh, GrzelakSchultz removed the paper and unlocked her car.‎ Hardly had she unfolded the paper when she got shocked. It was a letter from the manager of Original Joe's Restaurant & Bar in Sherwood Park, Canada.‎ ‎“Just wanted to thank you for leaving your car parked overnight，” Jay McLean, managing partner at Original Joe's, wrote.“I'm not sure if you had consumed alcohol at our restaurant or not, but we wanted to thank you for not drinking and driving.”‎ Inside it, GrzelakSchultz also found a voucher (代金券) for 1 pound of chicken wings.‎ ‎“Please accept this as a thank you for being responsible，” McLean wrote.“Life is ‎ valuable, have a great weekend.”‎ GrzelakSchultz was touched.‎ ‎“I was sure it was going to be a ticket or a scolding from someone for leaving my vehicle there for so long，” GrzelakSchultz told CBS News.“I was truly surprised and so pleased that the manager took the time to acknowledge my good judgement.”‎ She decided to share the man's good deed on Facebook.‎ ‎“Wow! I'm so impressed. Definitely going back，”GrzelakSchultz wrote in a Facebook post on Tuesday that has since gone widespread with nearly 8，500 shares.“Not just because of the voucher, but also because of how well this guy treats his regular customers.”‎ Exactly a week later, GrzelakSchultz returned to the restaurant to thank McLean for his kindness, and discovered that she's not the only customer to receive this letter.‎ ‎“He's been doing it for over a year, with no expectations.”She explained.“Just being a good guy.”‎ ‎1. At first sight of the paper, Paula thought it was________.‎ A．a ticket B．a voucher ‎ C．a letter D．a thankyou card ‎2. What truly surprised GrzelakSchultz?‎ A．She was not fined by the police.‎ B．She was not scolded for parking.‎ C．She was considered as responsible.‎ D．She got a voucher for chicken wings.‎ ‎3. What can we learn about Jay McLean?‎ A．He simply meant to be good.‎ B．He hoped to attract more customers.‎ C．He wanted to be popular on the Internet.‎ D．He intended to please regular customers.‎ ‎4. Which can best describe the change of Paula's feelings?‎ A．sad—excited—surprised—relieved B．sad—surprised—pleased—impressed C．surprised—sad—disappointed—pleased D．disappointed—surprised—excited—delighted ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Original Joe's Restaurant & Bar的经理给在自己店停车场停车的客人写感谢信，感谢他们没有酒后驾车。其中一位客人Paula很是感动，并在Facebook上发文了。‎ ‎1．A　细节理解题。根据文章第七段“‘I was sure it was going to be a ticket or a scolding from someone for leaving my vehicle there for so long’…”可知Paula认为它要么是罚单，要么是责骂信，故选A。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“‘He's been doing it for over a year, with no expectations.’She explained.‘Just being a good guy.’”可知他只是心地好、与人为善、很纯粹。故选A。‎ ‎4．B　推理判断题。根据文章的描述，Paula一开始以为是罚单，故很难过；然后看到了是一封感谢信，很是吃惊；再然后感到受到了经理的认可很开心；最后发现他不求回报，一直坚持给顾客写感谢信，故印象深刻。因此答案为B。‎ ‎2.[2017 · 云南师范大学附属中学高三高考适应性考试 (二)]‎ In my profession as an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AIDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages.‎ Tyler was born infected with HIV and from the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to survive. When he was five, he had a tube surgically inserted in a vein in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were prepared inside this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的) oxygen to support his breathing.‎ Tyler wasn't willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. ‎ It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicineladen backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him. Tyler's mum often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him.‎ This fateful disease eventually wore down Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIVinfected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn't going to survive, Tyler's mum talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.‎ A few days before his death, he whispered to me, “ I might die soon. I'm not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mum promised she's coming to heaven, too. I'll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.”‎ ‎1. What do we know about the tube inserted in Tyler's chest?‎ A．It contained oxygen that helped Tyler breathe freely.‎ B．Medications in the pump could be supplied through it.‎ C．It was filled with medications that Tyler needed.‎ D．It should be replaced by a new one after a year.‎ ‎2. Tyler's mum dressed him in red in order to________．‎ A．stress the importance of the colour ‎ B．find him as quickly as possible C．meet the demand of him ‎ D．encourage him to play and race happily outdoors ‎3. Tyler's mum helped him face the death in the following ways EXCEPT that________．‎ A．she said to him that it would not long before she died B．she promised to meet him in heaven soon C．she had a frank talk with him about death D．she gave him a medicineloaded package ‎4. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．Gifts in my life ‎ B．A fateful disease ‎ C．Dying in red ‎ D．No more tears in heaven ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。自出生就感染艾滋病毒的小男孩Tyler一直依靠药物生存，妈妈用自己的方式关心、照料孩子，并教会他坦然面对死亡。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，Tyler五岁时做了一次插管手术，管子被插入胸部的血管里，并和一个装满药物的泵相连，由此，药物可以通过管子被输送到血液里为Tyler进行治疗。因此答案为B。其他选项的内容均和原文表达不符。‎ ‎2．B　细节理解题。根据第三段的第三、四句可知，妈妈让孩子穿上红色衣服的目的是可以尽快发现他。因此答案为B。‎ ‎3．D　细节理解题。根据第四段的第三、四句内容可知，妈妈帮助孩子面对死亡时并没有给孩子装药的包裹，而是安慰他要坦然面对死亡。因此答案为D。‎ ‎4．C　主旨大意题。本文讲述了自出生就感染艾滋病毒的小男孩Tyler一直依靠药物生存，妈妈用自己的方式关心、照料孩子，并教会他坦然面对死亡的故事。在Tyler生命的最后时刻，他让“我”一定为他穿上红色衣服，以便死后可以在天堂和母亲重聚。由此可知C项既可以概括全文，又升华主题。‎ ‎3. [2017·湖北省黄冈市高三第三次联考]‎ A couple of years ago I graduated from art school. After graduation I was unsure of what to do with my degree. I had majored in Illustration (插图) and loved it, but didn't really feel interested in doing illustrations for any companies. This left me with few options other than freelance (自由职业的)jobs and nannying (保姆工作)．‎ I spent two years working as a nanny doing freelance illustration on the side. It just wasn't quite enough to pay rent, but I loved it, so I worked well over 50 hours a week, trying to keep up with both.‎ Just under a year ago I went to a friend's wedding. I couldn't think of a gift for them and really didn't have a lot of money to spare so I used my talents to create a portrait for them. It wasn't much, and I hoped it would be a good gift. When I handed the portrait to them and they unwrapped it, the looks on their faces were something I did not expect. There were joyful tears in their eyes as they cried, “That's us! This is so beautiful！”‎ It's funny because when I was in art school portraits were always my least favourite assignment. I hated drawing people and was always so much more interested in drawing little furry creatures. ‎ Once I saw the looks on my friends' faces after giving them their portrait it was all over. I suddenly loved portraits and wanted to do more.‎ I now take portraits to every wedding I go to and have given them as gifts to the families I nannied for. Every time the reaction makes all of the hard work and time I put into them so worth it.‎ I've just started offering couple, family and pet portraits as an item on my Etsy shop.‎ ‎1. After graduation, the author chose to________．‎ A．do illustrations for a company ‎ B．draw portraits C．work as a nanny & a freelance ‎ D．draw furry creatures ‎2. Why did the author decide to draw a portrait for her friends as a wedding present? ‎ A．Her friends requested her to do so.‎ B．She thought it was meaningful.‎ C．She hadn't enough money available to buy good gifts.‎ D．She was fond of drawing people.‎ ‎3. How did the friends feel when they received their portrait?‎ A．Delighted. B．Frightened. ‎ C．Embarrassed. D．Shocked.‎ ‎4. What may be the best title of the passage?‎ A．Your major is your future career B．I gave a gift and it turned into a career C．I sacrificed a lot for my job D．You are to do what you desire to do ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者没钱为朋友买结婚礼物，于是为他们画了一幅肖像作为礼物，结果却成了自己的一份事业。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This left me with few options other than freelance (自由职业的) jobs and nannying (保姆工作) .”和第二段第一句“I spent two years working as a nanny doing freelance illustration on the side.”可知作者毕业之后选择了做保姆和自由职业者。故选C。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“I couldn't think of a gift for them and really didn't have a lot of money to spare so I used my talents to create a portrait for them.”可知她没有足够的钱为朋友买礼物。故选C。‎ ‎4．B　主旨大意题。根据文章最后两段“I now take portraits to every wedding I go to and have given them as gifts to the families I nannied for. Every time the reaction makes all of the hard work and time I put into them so worth it.”和“I've just started offering couple, family and pet portraits as an item on my Etsy shop.”可知作者送给朋友一份礼物，结果却成了自己的一份事业。故选B。‎ ‎4. [2017 ·安徽省“皖南八校”高三第二次联考]‎ An early morning winter storm had brought several inches of snow to my small town in the mountains. Schools were canceled, roads were dangerous and all I wanted to do was to stay in bed. Still，I knew I had to get the day started so I put on warm clothes and walked outside. The snow got all over my shoes. The cold wind dried my lips and my eyes. My 47yearold back ached in anticipation (预想) of the shoveling_(铲雪) I would have to do if the snow didn't stop soon.‎ Yet, when I looked out on the white blanket that covered the ground, I couldn't help but smile a bit. It was so beautiful. It softened the bare trees and hid the dead grass. In the distance I could hear the sound of the snowplow (雪犁) on the road, the barking of a happy dog and the laughter of children playing outside, enjoying their way off from school.‎ The sweet music of that laughter brought back a hundred memories of winters past. I remembered catching snowflakes (雪花) on my tongue, building snowmen, making snow angles, running down hills and always losing snowball fights with first my brothers and then my own children. Standing there in that warm coat of memories made the wind a little less cold and my back a little less sore (疼痛的)．I turned up my head, stuck out my tongue and for the first time in years caught a snowflake on it. It tasted so fresh and clean. It tasted like youth, like joy and like love.‎ ‎ May you always feel young in spirit, no matter how old or achy your body may be. May you ‎ always delight in the simple joys of life. May you always share your happiness with the hearts of children. And may you always give your love, your light, your laughter and your warmth to others even on the coldest days.‎ ‎1. What was the author's first reaction when he knew it snowed heavily?‎ A．He was upset. ‎ B．He was happy.‎ C．He was thankful. ‎ D．He was moved.‎ ‎2．From which senses did the author describe the joy of having snow?‎ A．Taste and smell. ‎ B．Sight and smell.‎ C．Smell, hearing and taste. ‎ D．Sight, hearing and taste.‎ ‎3. What does the author mainly want to tell us with this article?‎ A．Appreciate every snowstorm you spend with your family.‎ B．Snow brings both fun and trouble.‎ C．Memories can change our opinion.‎ D．We should stay young at heart.‎ ‎4．From the underlined sentence in Paragraph l, we can know that “________”．‎ A．my back ached because of the cold weather B．I didn't want to start my day on such a snowy day C．my back would ache upon thinking of cleaning up the snow D．the snow didn't stop and I felt too cold ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述自己在大雪后外出看到的雪景以及孩子们雪中玩闹的场景，文章最后表达了一些祝福。‎ ‎1．A　推理判断题。根据第一段“…all I wanted to do was to stay in bed. Still，I knew I had to get the day started so I put on warm clothes and walked outside.”可知作者虽不想起来但是还得起来，所以他很沮丧，故选A。‎ ‎2．D　推理判断题。根据第二段“…when I looked out on the white blanket that covered the ‎ ground, I couldn't help but smile a bit.”以及“In the distance I could hear the sound of the snowplow (雪犁) on the road…”以及第三段“I remembered catching snowflakes (雪花) on my tongue…”可知作者主要是从视觉上、听觉上以及味觉上三方面体会到下雪的快乐，故选D。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“May you always feel young in spirit, no matter how old or achy your body may be. May you always delight in the simple joys of life.”可知答案为D。‎ ‎4．C　句意猜测题。根据此句的本意：我一想到如果雪不停我就得铲雪，我背部就疼。可知只有C项意思最为相近，故选C。‎ ‎5. [2017 · 湖北省荆门市高三调考]‎ Two years ago I fell off the steps of a bus while climbing down and twisted my ankle.What followed was the usual way that is common in the US.A few hours later I was treated and discharged.What was uncommon was that I received extra care while going to ER (emergency room) and while I was in the hospital.‎ People were kind to me, men and women alike.They wheeled me into a private room instead of making me wait in the crowded waiting room.Someone came and asked me if the temperature is OK.When I said I was cold, he brought me a blanket and some magazines, in case I got bored.The nurses stopped by, making pleasant chats with me.People always came to ask me if I was in too much pain and if I needed anything…‎ There were other people who were brought in while I was waiting.Patients groaning in pain were given the care they needed and then ignored.My injury was not the priority, so while I was not pushed to the front of the line, my several hours' stay in the hospital was made as pleasant as possible.Why would people do that? They gave others care, while I got kindness.‎ Like any other good looking, healthy, independent person, man or woman，it looks as if the world is nicer to rich people, and the world is nicer to attractive people.I'm not in the dating world.It's not about free drinks and gifts.It's about people being nice.‎ I'm grateful for any positive behaviour because I know this is temporary.Eventually I will join the groups of the elderly, the weak and the seemingly unattractive.One thing I refuse to do is to make excuses for being attractive.I know it's temporary.I know it's the luck of the draw and I know that I'm just one of the many.Does it matter to my husband, my mother and my kids what ‎ I look like? No.And I wouldn't have it any other way.‎ ‎1. What caused the author into deep thought?‎ A．She was given less care in the hospital.‎ B．Patients were only given physical care in the hospital.‎ C．She didn't get treatment immediately in the hospital.‎ D．Other patients in the hospital didn't get the same kindness as her.‎ ‎2. What can we know about the author?‎ A．She is an attractive lady.‎ B．She shows great pity to old patients.‎ C．She doesn't like free drinks or gifts.‎ D．She was treated unequally in the hospital.‎ ‎3. Which of the following does the author agree with?‎ A．The hospital should treat attractive patients in preference to others.‎ B．The positive behaviour that being attractive brings can last long.‎ C．Old patients should get much more care from the hospital.‎ D．Being attractive means nothing to the people truly important to you.‎ ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的一次被急救的经历，了解到好看的和有钱的人会受到特殊的关心，但是她认为好看只是暂时的，而且对重要的人来说没有任何意义。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述，并结合最后三句“Does it matter to my husband, my mother and my kids what I look like? No.And I wouldn't have it any other way.”可知作者认为长得好看对重要的人来说没有任何意义。选D。‎ ‎6.[2017 · 安徽省江南十校高三下学期开年第一考]‎ Whenever the word “hero” comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honourable, hardworking, and happy.When I think more about this word, I picture someone who has accomplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing. Hattie Elizabeth Alexander is one person ‎ whom I find to be very heroic.‎ Hattie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 5, 1901.During her time at College she earned her Bachelor's Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology.These were just the first steps towards what she was finally going to be remembered for.After college Hattie attended the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree.‎ After her education, she pursued her career, and after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎)．Hattie was very dedicated to her work and helped at as many locations as she could.Spending substantial (大量的) time in the labouratory, Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease, which decreased the death rate to 20 per cent.At the same time, she was also a teacher working with Columbia University.‎ She was a caring lady interested in other people's lives.When she was teaching at Columbia University, other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes, and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.Later, Hattie became an instructor in Pediatrics at New York City's Babies Hospital.After many honours, she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965.This was her last major achievement, for soon after, Hattie died of cancer on June 24, 1968.‎ Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her accomplish great things for others.She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases, which, by doing so, made them stronger.This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero.‎ ‎1. According to the passage, Hattie Elizabeth Alexander________.‎ A．received her Bachelor's Degree in Johns Hopkins School B．spent all her time in the labouratory developing cures for illnesses ‎ C．cared a lot about others' private lives D．always tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college ‎2．What does the underlined word “drastically” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Slightly. 　B．Hardly. 　C．Greatly. 　D．Totally.‎ ‎3. Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that________.‎ A．she was an honourable, hardworking and happy person B．she was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honours C．she was a caring lady who helped many students finish college D．she was the first woman president of APS ‎4. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?‎ A．An honourable woman B．A woman accomplishing great things C．My hero—Hattie Elizabeth Alexander D．The first woman president of the APS ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“我”心目中的英雄——Hattie Elizabeth Alexander。‎ ‎1．D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“When she was teaching…were failing their classes…could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.”可知Hattie Elizabeth Alexander总是尽最大努力防止学生退学。故选D。‎ ‎2．C　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“…after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎)．”可知应该是大大减少了死于脑膜炎的幼儿的数量。可知C项符合题意。‎ ‎3．A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Whenever the word ‘hero’ comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honourable, hardworking, and happy.”及最后一段的内容可知因为她是一个受人尊敬、勤奋和幸福的人。故选A。‎ ‎4．C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Whenever the word ‘hero’ comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honourable, hardworking, and happy.”和最后一段第一句“Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her accomplish great things for others.”可知C项“My hero—Hattie Elizabeth Alexander”为最佳标题。‎ ‎7. [2017·云南师范大学附属中学高三高考适应性考试(四)]‎ ‎“How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf, you were able to accomplish so much？” Queen Victoria of England asked Helen Keller.‎ Ms Keller answered, “If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.”‎ In fact, “Little Annie”， as she was called when she was young, was no stranger to hardship. She was almost sightless herself (due to a childhood fever) and was, at one time,‎ ‎ diagnosed as hopelessly “insane” and was locked in the basement of a mental institution. On occasion, Little Annie would even violently attack anyone who came near.‎ An elderly nurse believed there was hope, however, and she made it her mission to show love to the child. She still continued to visit for she believed Little Annie could recover, if she was shown love.‎ Eventually, doctors noticed a change in the girl. Where they witnessed anger and coldness they noted gentleness and love. They moved her upstairs where she continued to improve. Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless” child was released.‎ Anne Sullivan grew into a young woman with a desire to help others as she, herself, was helped by the kind nurse. It was she who saw the great potential in Helen Keller. She loved her, disciplined her，played with her and worked with her until the weak candle became a beacon of light to the world. She worked wonders in Helen's life; but it was a loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a compassionate teacher.‎ ‎“If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown.” But if it had not been for a kind and dedicated nurse, the name of Anne Sullivan would have remained unknown. And so it goes. And how far forward will it lead?‎ ‎1. When she was young, Little Annie________．‎ A．enjoyed being locked in the basement of a mental institution B．complained about her loneliness C．showed her friendly attitude to others D．suffered from mental illness ‎2. Why did the “hopeless” Little Annie change into a helpful one?‎ A．Because an efficient way was found by doctors to cure her illness.‎ B．Because a nurse who was concerned about her helped her constantly.‎ C．Because she was taken good care of by her relative.‎ D．Because the illness was defeated by her own strong will.‎ ‎3. How did Anne Sullivan help Helen Keller?‎ A．She devoted all her time to dealing with everything for Helen Keller.‎ B．She promised Helen Keller never to leave her.‎ C．She trained Helen Keller to control her behaviour.‎ D．She encouraged Helen Keller to make friends with others.‎ ‎4. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．A caring nurse B．Chain of love C．Without respect, without success D．God helps those who help themselves ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。年幼的Anne Sullivan生活艰辛、身体多病，但是在医生、护士的帮助之下，她成了一名充满爱心、乐于助人的老师。‎ ‎1．D　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Anne Sullivan年少时生活艰辛，并饱受疾病折磨，因此答案为D，其他选项的内容均和原文表达不符。‎ ‎4．B　主旨大意题。本文讲述了Anne Sullivan的转变历程。在此期间，爱和关怀从年长护士开始得以传递，在文章最后一段，作者希望爱将一直得以延续，由此可知B项既概括了全文，又升华了主题。‎ ‎8. 【东北师范大学附属中学2017届高三下学期第三次模拟】B I had just moved to San Antonio, Texas. I worked for the tour bus service taking tourists on a short tour of the city’s historic places and would end up at the Alamo.‎ I was driving back from my last tour on a cool February day on my way back from the San Femando Catholic church with no one on my bus when I saw a man dressed in rags, thinking this person must be an actor or something walking around. I stopped and asked him, “Need a ride?” Without saying anything he just walked on broad and sat down in seat behind me.‎ ‎“Where are you heading?” I asked him. He looked up into the mirror at me and replied. “I’ve got to get to the fort(要塞)and report to Colonel(上校)Travis that the Mexicans are here!” I laughed to myself thinking that this man was a serious actor.‎ ‎“I’m guessing you mean the Alamo?” I said back to him. I looked up and saw he wasn’t smiling nor laughing. All throughout the ride he was staring in amazement at all the towering skyscrapers and the buildings along the street.‎ ‎“I remember when this town was nothing more than a little trading village!” He finally said to me.‎ ‎“So what’s your name?” I asked him.‎ ‎“Daniel Cloud, yours?”‎ ‎“David Zime.” I replied as I turned the corner of the street and laid eyes upon the Alamo.‎ I pulled up to the sidewalk and opened the door. Cloud got out of his seat and came up to me.‎ ‎“Thanks for the ride.” He said extending his hand. I took his palm and it was freezing cold like he just stepped out of the freezer.‎ ‎“Not a problem, Mr. Cloud, and don’t worry about the fee. It’s on the house.” He nodded his head in gratitude like all us Texans do and walked away.‎ It wasn’t until then that I noticed that he was soaked(浸；泡)to the bone in dripping water and we had not a single drop of rain in a month or more. I just shook my head and closed the door behind him. When I turned around. Discovered amazingly how fast Cloud had gone away!‎ A few days later I was reading a book about the Battle of the Alamo when I discovered the most shocking thing I had ever discovered. The names of the 183 defenders of the Alamo were listed on the roll of honor, including Daniel Cloud, who spotted the Mexicans before they took over the streets of San Antonio in February of 1836, and his post was on top of the San Femando Church where I had picked him up!‎ ‎4.What did the writer do after moving to San Antonio, Texas?‎ A. A tour guide B. An actor C. A tour bus driver D. A soldier ‎5.We can learn from the passage that the Alamo__________.‎ A. is a historic tourist attraction B. lies in the downtown C. is where actors used to gather D. is where Colonel Travis lived ‎6.What does the writer probably mean by saying “It’s on the house?”‎ A. The bus fare’s included in the house rent B. The hotel fee has covered it C. Daniel can pay it later D. It’s free of charge ‎7.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. Daniel Cloud was buried underwater all the time B. Daniel Cloud was the first to fight against the Mexicans C. Daniel Cloud was probably killed in the battle of the Alamo D. The writer had picked him up before San Antonio was occupied ‎【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是旅游景点的公交车司机，有一天他在圣费尔南多大教堂遇到一个人搭车，后来才知道原来这个人是多年前阿拉莫战役中牺牲的战士。‎ ‎4.细节理解题。根据第一段中的I worked for the tour bus service可知，他是一名旅游车司机，故选C。‎ ‎5.推理判断题。根据第一段中的I worked for the tour bus service taking tourists on a short tour of the city’s historic places and would end up at the Alamo.可知，我驾驶旅游车拉着游客在城市的几个历史景点穿梭，终点是Alamo，所以这也是个历史景点，故选A。‎ ‎6.词义猜测题。根据上一句don’t worry about the fee.可知，这次乘车是免费的，故选D。‎ ‎7.推理判断题。根据最后两段文章可知，守卫阿拉莫的183名士兵的名单中就有Cloud，他们当时的阵地就在我接他上车的圣费尔南多大教堂， 因此推断他很可能在当时的战役中牺牲了，故选C。‎ ‎9. 【湖北省沙市中学2017届高考冲刺第九次考试】A Suddenly another thought went through Kate’s mind like an electric shock. An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later. If it were not stopped, that long train, full of passengers, would fall into the stream. “Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master，” Kate thought. But who was to go? She would have to go herself. There was no one else.‎ In wind and rain she started on her difficult way. Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River, a bridge also built of wood, just like the bridge across Honey Creek. The storm had not washed this away, but there was no footpath across it. She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper (枕木)to sleeper. With great care she began the dangerous crossing,‎ ‎ sometimes on her hands and knees, hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below. If she should slip, she would fall between the sleepers, into the rapidly flowing stream.‎ At last -- she never knew how long it had taken her- - she felt solid ground under her feet. But there was no time to rest. She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left. Unless she reached the station before the express did, many, many lives would be lost.‎ She did reach the station just as the train came into sight. Fortunately the station-master was standing outside. “The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh, please stop it!” Kate shouted breathlessly.‎ The station-master went pale. He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light. He waved the red light as the train came into the station. It was not a second too early.‎ ‎1.What did Kate decide to do?‎ A. Stop the express train.‎ B. Check the signal light.‎ C. Meet the passengers.‎ D. Visit the station-master ‎2.Which of the following words best describes Kate’s journey A. Fruitless.‎ B. Boring.‎ C. Well-planned.‎ D. Risky.‎ ‎3.Why did the station-master turn pale?‎ A. He suddenly fell ill.‎ B. He realized the danger.‎ C. He discovered his mistake.‎ D. He became over-excited.‎ ‎【答案】1.A2.D3.B ‎【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了桥坏了，Kate冒险去向火车站站长报告，阻止了火车前进，避免了一场车毁人亡的灾难。‎ ‎【小题1】A 细节理解题。根据第一段中If it were not stopped, that long train, full of passengers, would fall into the stream. “Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master，” Kate thought. But who was to go? She would have to go herself. There was no one else.可知，凯特决定自己去阻止快车。故选A。‎ ‎【小题2】D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句With great care she began the dangerous crossing, sometimes on her hands and knees, hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild ‎ flood waters below. If she should slip, she would fall between the sleepers, into the rapidly flowing stream.可知，如果她滑下去，她会落在枕木之间，掉进快速流动的小溪里，所以她的举动是很冒险的。故选D。‎ ‎【小题3】B 推理判断题。根据最后一段He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light. He waved the red light as the train came into the station. It was not a second too early.（他冲进车站大楼，并带着一个信号灯回来了。当火车进站时，他挥了挥手中的红灯。一秒钟都不敢耽误。）可知，他意识到了危险。故选B。‎ ‎【学法指导】‎ ‎【名师点拨】推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude  indicate等标志性词语。23.【小题3】B推理判断题。根据最后一段He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light. He waved the red light as the train came into the station. It was not a second too early. 他冲进车站大楼，并带着一个信号灯回来了。当火车进站时，他挥了挥手中的红灯。一秒钟都不敢耽误。可知他意识到了危险。故选B。‎ 考点：考查故事类阅读 ‎10. 【湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2017届高三5月押题】B It’s 10:00 on a beautiful Sunday morning in California. To my left is some of the most beautiful coastline. I’m walking along a road ordinarily packed with cars on days like this, but today, thanks in part to my $135 entry fee, it is closed to traffic.‎ There’s only one problem: I should be running, not walking. Over the past year, I’ve spent hundreds of dollars on running gear(设备) and race entry fees. I’ve jogged than 1,600 miles training for this event.‎ Dozens of runners pass me on either side, each of them experiencing varying degrees of sadness similar to my own. Most of them, like me, have traveled hundreds of thousands of miles to get here, spending $500, $1,000 or more to participate in this event.‎ Actually I’m by no means a competitive athlete. My best finish ever was fourth place, in a 5-kftometer race with only 74 participants, many of whom were walking the entire course.‎ Last year, over 500,000 runners completed a marathon in the U.S. alone. Nearly all of these runners had absolutely no chance of victory. The PR-personal record-is everyone’s definition of a “good race,” whether he finishes in first or 301st.‎ I should buy a new watch that not only tracks my location by GPS, but also by counting steps. This can more accurate and much more expensive. Finally, I have reached the finish line. I know that the official race photographers will be taking photos as I cross the line, so I raise my arms in “victory” I finish, in a time of 3:37:55, good for 354th place.‎ A few days after the race, the race organizers email me a link to a site where I can preview my official photos 一 and download them, for a fee, of course.‎ I wish I could say the feeling was unique; it’s probably not Indeed probably a feeling most runners get in most marathons. Running a lot of marathons 9 in fact, may not even be good for your health.‎ In America, marathoning is a rich person’s sport.‎ ‎4.Which of the following is free of charge for the marathoners according the passage?‎ A. Race entry.‎ B. Coastal scenery.‎ C. Running gear.‎ D. Official photos.‎ ‎5.What was the author sure of before entering for the marathon?‎ A. His winning the victory.‎ B. His improvement of speed.‎ C. His falling behind many others.‎ D. His setting up a new record.‎ ‎6.How did other runners feel while running on the coastline road according to the author?‎ A. Happy B. Unhappy.‎ C. Unique.‎ D. Excited.‎ ‎7.What would the author agree with?‎ A. Marathons are not worth it.‎ B. Marathon can improve our PR.‎ C. Marathons are based on attitudes.‎ D. Marathons are good for our health.‎ ‎【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A ‎4.细节理解题，题目意为“根据文章内容，以下那一项马拉松的内容是免费的？”通过改题目我峨嵋你可以将答案定位到文章的第二段的“ I’ve spent hundreds of dollars on running gear and race entry fees. ”以及文章倒数第二段的“ the race organizers email me a link to a site where I can preview my official photos 一 and download them, for a fee, of course.”通过文章的内容可以得出参与马拉松需要在entry fee 报名费  running gear 运动装备 以及official photo 官方照片 因此本题选择B项。‎ ‎5.细节理解题，根据题目“What was the author sure of before entering for the marathon?”意为在参与马拉松之前作者对于什么确信不疑？根据题目的内容可以将答案定位到文章第三段“Dozens of runners pass me on either side,” 故C项正确，文章第四段“Actually I’m by no means a competitive athlete. My best finish ever was fourth place,”说明作者最好的成绩第四名所以A项不正确，B,D两项均不符合题意，故该题选择C.‎ ‎6.细节理解题，题目“How did other runners feel while running on the coastline road according to the author?”意为当作者奔跑在海岸线上之时他有一种什么样的感觉？”，根据题目内容可以将答案定位到文章的第三段“Dozens of runners pass me on either side, each of them experiencing varying degrees of sadness similar to my own. ”本句意为“从我身旁匆匆而过的跑者们，他们中的每一个人都向我一样正经历着程度不一的悲伤。”故该题选择B项，unhappy ‎7.判断推理题，该题题目意为“作者对什么会有所赞同？”通过通读整篇文章我们可以发现作者会对马拉松各项花费有所不满，以及文章最后部分作者对自己内心的描写，可以发现作者并非对马拉松这项运动持有一种积极的态度。故该题选择A马拉松并不值得这一切。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 文章在考查考生对于文章大意，以及从文章内容中较为细微的语言以及动作描写来挖掘出文章内在的含义，这就要求考生在做该种阅读时除了明白文章整体含义，同时也要通过某些细微的表达挖掘出作者深层次的含义，一次类似更好的把我文章的主旨和基调。例如本文的最后一题“ What would the author agree ‎ with?通过反复阅读文章我们会发现坐着在多个小细节方面隐含的表达出对于马拉松的不满，例如文章组后一段“Running a lot of marathons 9 in fact, may not even be good for your health.”的这一部分这表达出作者并非对于马拉松这项运动持有十分积极的心态，故这一题选择 “马拉松不值得这一切”‎ ‎11. 【河北省衡水中学2017届高三下学期仿真模拟（五）】B My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, is hesitant to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a leader who laughs loudly and chants, “Girls rule, boys drool.” But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.‎ This has been challenging for me at times. “Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to describe me. But this has been a year of firsts for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of confidence. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she completed her first kids’ triathlon (三项全能) .‎ On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son’s birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to bike to run with her, we got all the equipment she’d need, and we kept talking about the race. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn, she held my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep it together.‎ And then it was her turn. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart soared(快速上升). My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the finish with the biggest smile on her face.‎ I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life. It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn’t seen before.‎ All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I won that day. I won the chance to see my girl shine.‎ Shine on, sweet baby.‎ ‎4.Kelly is nervous when ________.‎ A. boys are around her B. she changes into a leader C. she is away from her mom D. situations are new to her ‎5.We can know from Paragraph 3 ______.‎ A. the race began in the early morning B. the whole family gave Kelly support C. Kelly was eager for her turn in the race D. Kelly prepared for her brother’s birthday party ‎6.Seeing Kelly’s performance in the race, the author felt ______.‎ A. excited and proud B. anxious and uneasy C. worried and hesitant D. curious and concerned ‎7.In the ending paragraphs the author “felt like I won that day” because Kelly ______.‎ A. overcame the fear B. expressed love to her C. won the gold medal D. took part in the sport ‎【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.A ‎【解析】本文讲述了作者女儿Kelly一开始面对新环境羞怯紧张，通过各种锻炼最终克服了恐惧心理。‎ ‎4.细节理解题。根据第一段She needs to warm up to situations, and is hesitant(犹豫的) to try new things.以及 But when that comfort zone is not around her, she is shy and nervous.可知，Kelly面对新环境新事物会紧张，需要 “热身”。此处that comfort zone指的是上一句中When with close friends，因此，when that comfort zone is not around her指的是当面对新朋友新环境时。‎ ‎5.细节理解题。根据第三段we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to participate in her first triathlon.可知，全家人都陪她来参加三项全能运动，即全家人都来支持她，B正确；根据we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her turn,可知，虽然一大早就来了，但“我们”还是等了两个多小时才开始比赛，故A错误；根据She was nervous but trying to keep it ‎ together.可知，Kelly是紧张而不是急切地想比赛，故C错误；第三段并没有提到Kelly为弟弟（哥哥）准备生日派对，故D错误。‎ ‎6.细节理解题。根据第四段My daughter transformed into the most confident human being I had ever seen.以及第五段I can honestly say that I never felt so proud of someone in my entire life.可知，作者认为女儿已经成为最自信的人，并为女儿感到骄傲。故选A。‎ ‎7.细节理解题。根据最后一段I won the chance to see my girl shine.可知，作者感到就像自己赢了是因为作者赢得了看到女儿闪耀瞬间的机会，而根据倒数第二段 It was because she was afraid of something and conquered that fear with confidence and a fire I hadn't seen before.可知，女儿之所以闪耀是因为用自信战胜了恐惧。综合来看，作者感觉自己赢了，其实是因为女儿最终克服了恐惧心理。‎ ‎12. 【广东省惠州2018届高三第一次调研】B When 1 was a boy we used to live across the road from a big hill with huge oak trees growing out of it．When winter arrived，thick，heavy snow would fall，and my two brothers would grab their sleds heading over to the hill for a day of fun．I remember watching them with envy because 1 was still too small to go sledding．Finally，one winter 1 was considered big enough and joined my brothers as they carried their sleds up the long hill and prepared to ride down it．‎ The first few trips I rode with one of my brothers and had the time of my life．It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled．Near the end of the day 1 was overjoyed too when my oldest brother decided to let me try riding the sled all by myself．I climbed on it full of excitement and lay on my stomach．Then with one big push my brother sent me down the snowy hillside．1 was doing pretty well too until I hit an old stump hidden by the snow and went off course，straight towards one of those big oak trees．My heart pounded in my chest and I could hear myself screaming．At the last possible second I rolled off and the sled crashed into the tree．I could hear my brothers running down the hill yelling，“You have to steer(操控)!You have to steer!”‎ Sadly，that wasn’t the last time I failed to steer when some obstacle knocked me off course in my life．Many times problems，troubles，and my own failures have sent me crashing into the trees of anger, frustration, and despair．I am still learning that life isn’t always safe sledding．I am still learning that it is up to me to steer myself back to love, back to kindness, back to goodness, and back to God．‎ Life is a trip，but no one ever said it was a smooth ride．Steer well then．Steer straight．Steer your soul towards the light and the love we are all meant for．‎ ‎5.What do we know about the author when he was very young?‎ A. He lived on a big hill with huge oak trees on it．‎ B. He was frightened to go sledding with his brothers．‎ C. He longed to go sledding with his brothers．‎ D. He carried his brothers’sleds as they went sledding．‎ ‎6.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“exhilarating”in Paragraph 2?‎ A. delightful B. Terrifying C. ordinary D. violent ‎7.Why did the author fall off his sled?‎ A. Because his sled crashed in an oak tree．‎ B. Because he lost control of his sled．‎ C. Because his brother pushed it so hard．‎ D. Because the hillside was snowy．‎ ‎8.What does the author mean to tell us?‎ A. Losing control of a sled can be dangerous．‎ B. Courage and determination can change one’s life．‎ C. Life can be controlled by one himself D. Life is a mystery full of coincidences．‎ ‎【答案】5.C6.A7.B8.C ‎【解析】本文主要讲作者小时候滑雪，玩得开心的时候不小心撞到大树。在最后一刻，作者翻滚到雪地里化险为夷，同时学到一个人生道理，那就是学会掌控。‎ ‎5.细节题。根据第一段I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding.可知作者因为年龄太小不能去滑雪，只好嫉妒地看着哥哥们玩。分析可知作者小时候很渴望和哥哥们一起滑雪。故选C。‎ ‎6.词义猜测题。根据语境It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled可知这句话描述的是作者在第一次滑雪，在木雪橇上从山上冲下去，风从脸上刮过时的感受。根据第一段作者渴望滑雪，再结合后文的overjoyed可知作者玩的很开心。‎ delightful表示“令人愉快的”，    terrifying表示“可怕的，极大的”，ordinary表示“普通的”， violent表示“暴力的”。故选A。‎ ‎8.目的意图题。通读全文可知本文的行文结构是通过一个发生在作者童年的故事，讲述一个人生道理。根据文章最后一段Life is a trip,but no one ever said it was a smooth ride.Steer well then可知作者认为人生的旅程不是一帆风顺的，应该学会掌控。故选C。‎ ‎13. 【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2017届高三第三次模拟】B You’ll soon be 84 years old, Dad, and you and I will have had 55 Father’s Days together.‎ You know, there was a time when we were not only separated by the generation gap but completely polarized (对立) by it. Split by: age and experience, opinions, hairstyles, cosmetics, clothing and boys.‎ The Father-Daughter Duel（冲突） of‘54 shifted into high gear（白热化） when you taught me to drive the old Dodge and I decided I would drive the‘54 Chevy whether you liked it or not. The police officer who accompanied me home after you reported the Chevy stolen late one evening was too young to understand father-daughter politics and too old to have much tolerance for a 16-year-old. You were so decent about it, Dad, and I think that was probably what made it the worst night of my life.‎ Our relationship improved greatly when I had babies. I didn’t know what to expect of you and Mom as grandparents but I didn’t have to wait long to find out. Those babies adored you then just as they adore you now.‎ I suppose I saw our relationship as aging together, rather like a fine wine. But the oddest thing happened last week. I was at a stop sign and I watched as you turned the corner in your car. It didn’t immediately occur to me that it was you because the man driving looked so elderly and frail behind the wheel of that huge car. It was rather like a slap in the face delivered from out of nowhere. Perhaps I saw your age for the first time that day.‎ Fifty years ago this spring, we planted kohlrabi together in a garden in Charles City, Iowa.‎ This week, we’ll plant kohlrabi together again, perhaps for the last time but I hope not. I don’t understand why planting kohlrabi with you is so important to me but it is. I don’t even like kohlrabi... but I like planting it with you.‎ Honoring a father on Father’ s Day is about more than a dad who brings home a paycheck, shares a dinner table, and attends school graduation and weddings. It’s more about unconditionally loving children who are stubborn, who know everything and won’t listen to anyone. It’s about loving someone more than words can say, and wishing that it never had to end.‎ I love you, Dad.‎ ‎4.What is the purpose of the third paragraph?‎ A. To prove that the father is very strict.‎ B. To describe the father-daughter politics.‎ C. To show the conflict between the author and her father.‎ D. To condemn the policeman for lack of understanding.‎ ‎5.What does the author mean by saying “a slap in the face” in the fifth paragraph?‎ A. She regretted the fights she had with her father.‎ B. She suddenly realized that her father was so old and could be gone one day.‎ C. She was ashamed of herself that she hadn’t taken good care of her father.‎ D. She suddenly realized that she had caused a lot of trouble for her father.‎ ‎6.Which of the following words can describe the author’s father?‎ a. Unreasonable      b. Caring      c. Tolerant         d. Stubborn A. bc B. bd C. acd D. bcd ‎7.The author wrote his father this letter to _________.‎ A. tell him about their conflicts B. say sorry for her being stubborn C. express her gratitude to him D. remind him of the early incident ‎【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C ‎【解析】本文是篇记叙文。作者通过写信的方式向我们叙述了自己成长过程中与父亲之间发生的一些事，通过对这些小事的描写让我们感受到了浓浓的亲情，以及女儿对父亲的爱意。‎ ‎4.归纳概括题。在文章第三段开头中的“The Father-Daughter Duel（冲突） of‘54 shifted into high gear（白热化） when you taught me to drive the old Dodge and I decided I would drive the‘54 Chevy whether you liked it or not.”可知本段要讲述了父亲与女儿之间的一些冲突，故选项C符合题意。‎ ‎5.细节理解题。第五自然段中“It didn’t immediately occur to me that it was you because the man driving looked so elderly and frail behind the wheel of that huge car.”和“Perhaps I saw your age for the first time that day.”表明作者在那一刻突然意识到父亲已经老了，这事实像给了她一巴掌让她内心受到震动。故选项B符合题意。‎ ‎6.细节理解题。文中第三段中在作者与父亲发生冲突后，作者用“You were so decent about it”来描写其父亲，表明其父亲是宽容的；最后一段中“Honoring a father on Father’ s Day is about more than a dad who brings home a paycheck, shares a dinner table, and attends school graduation and weddings.”表明父亲是懂得照顾人的；故b、c符合描述，故选A。‎ ‎7.归纳概括题。本文作者通过描写自己成长过程中与父亲之间发生的一些事，让我们感受到父女之间浓浓的亲情，感受到父亲对女儿的爱，同时作者通过写这一封信也表达了自己对父亲的感激之情。故选C。‎ ‎14. 【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2017届高三第三次模拟】C Twelve years ago, Danny called me from a dark, damp subway station. “A baby!” he shouted. “Get down here, and flag down a police car or something.” By nature, Danny is a remarkably calm person, so when I felt his heart pounding through the phone line, I ran.‎ When I got to the subway station, Danny was holding a light-brown-skinned baby, about a day old. The baby had been wrapped in an oversize black sweatshirt and left on the ground in a corner behind the gate.‎ What neither of us knew, or could have predicted, was that Danny had not just saved an abandoned infant; he had found our son.‎ Three months later, Danny appeared in family court to give an account of finding the baby. Suddenly, the judge asked, “Would you be interested in adopting this baby?” The question surprised everyone in the courtroom, except Danny, who answered, simply, “Yes.”‎ ‎“But I know it’s not that easy,” he said.‎ ‎“Well, it can be,” assured the judge before barking out orders to allow me to be a parent-to-be.‎ My first reaction, when I heard, went something like, “Are you crazy? How could you say yes without consulting me?”‎ In three years as a couple, we had never discussed adopting a child. I was an ambitious playwright working as a part-time word processor. Danny was a respected yet wildly underpaid social worker. We had a roommate, who slept in our living room, to help pay the rent.‎ We knew how many challenges couples usually faced when they wanted to adopt. And while Danny had patience and selflessness, I didn’t know how to change a diaper (尿布), let alone nurse a child. I didn’t trust the system and was sure there would be obstacles. Also, I couldn’t handle parenthood. So I promised myself I wouldn’t get attached.‎ The caretaker held him and then placed him in my arms. But when the baby stared up at me, with all the innocence and hope he represented, I, like Danny, was completely hooked.‎ ‎8.Why did the author rush to the subway station?‎ A. Because Danny finally found their lost son.‎ B. Because she sensed Danny met something urgent.‎ C. Because Danny had a heart attack.‎ D. Because someone gave birth to a baby there.‎ ‎9.How did the author react on hearing Danny’s answer to the judge’s question?‎ A. Surprised by the question.‎ B. Crazy to be a parent-to-be.‎ C. Annoyed at Danny’s decision.‎ D. Angry at challenging her authority.‎ ‎10.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.‎ A. the author will adopt the baby B. the couple were tempted to take the baby C. the baby will bring hope to the family D. the couple love each other very much ‎11.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To introduce a story of a poor family.‎ B. To inform people of the difficulty of adopting a baby.‎ C. To call on people to donate money to them.‎ D. To show human’s kindness and love by nature.‎ ‎【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述一对年轻夫妻收养一个被遗弃的婴儿的故事，尽管当时这对夫妻并没有很好的经济基础甚至需要与人合租来分担房租，面临着很大的挑战，但是男主人公仍然坚持收养这个婴儿，女主人公也在慢慢相处中接受了这个可爱的婴儿。通过这篇文章让我们感受到了人性的善良，感受到了爱。‎ ‎8.细节理解题。文章第一段中“ By nature, Danny is a remarkably calm person, so when I felt his heart pounding through the phone line, I ran.”可知当作者听到Danny电话里急促的声音意识到可能发生了一些紧急的事，因为Danny平时是一个稳重的人，所以便跑向了火车站，故选B。‎ ‎10.推理判断题。最后一段中“ But when the baby stared up at me, with all the innocence and hope he represented, I, like Danny, was completely hooked.”表明作者已经愿意收养这个婴儿，故选A。‎ ‎11.推理判断题。本文主要讲述一对年轻夫妻收养一个被遗弃的婴儿的故事，尽管当时这对夫妻并没有很好的经济基础甚至需要与人合租来分担房租，面临着很大的挑战，但是男主人公仍然坚持收养这个婴儿，女主人公也在慢慢相处中接受了这个可爱的婴儿。通过这篇文章让我们感受到了人性的善良，感受到了爱。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 阅读理解旨在考查考生对于文章整体的理解与细节的把握与分析，题型一般以细节理解题为主，要在了解整篇文章中心思想的基础上进行选择。 细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。 此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。‎ 如本题的第一小题：文章第一段中“ By nature, Danny is a remarkably calm person, so when I felt his heart pounding through the phone line, I ran.”可知当作者听到Danny电话里急促的声音意识到可能发生了一些紧急的事，因为Danny平时是一个稳重的人，所以便跑向了火车站，故选B。‎ ‎15. 【福建省厦门市2017届高三第二次（5月）质检】A ‎ “Don’t you have any toys you want to share?” I asked my son during our church’s Christmas toy drive. “What about all those things in your closet you haven’t used in years?”‎ ‎"I don’t have anything,” he said. “We’re so poor.”‎ We’re only “poor” because we refuse to buy him the phone he wants for Christmas, which would also require a monthly texting charge.‎ ‎“You’re not so poor you have nothing to give,” I found myself saying to him, a phrase my mother often used on me.‎ At work the next day, one of my students said, “I didn’t spell your name right,” as she handed me a Christmas gift—a box of chocolates. No wonder she hadn’t spelled it right—I had only worked at the center for a couple of months, and my name is not easy to pronounce, even in English, which is this woman’s second language.‎ I hadn’t expected a gift—I worked at an adult education center, where we dealt with people who struggle economically. When I was hired, my boss told me she tries to keep snacks around the center and cooks “stone soup” once a week, where whoever can bring something in does, because “You will hear growling bellies here. They give their food to the children before they themselves eat.”‎ And yet these people, so grateful for a second chance at getting an education, unable to sometimes even afford the gas money to come in, manage to do something for us nearly every week. Some bring in food; others do chores around the center. They help and encourage one another, and us. They give what they are able to give.‎ ‎1.Who does the education center intend to help?‎ A. Local people out of work.‎ B. Adult students unable to spell.‎ C. Immigrants on empty stomachs.‎ D. Poor people eager for education.‎ ‎2.What can we learn from the text?‎ A. Students learn to do chores at the center.‎ B. The boy was unwilling to share his toys.‎ C. The center offers chocolate as a Christmas gift.‎ D. The author has high expectations of her students.‎ ‎3.What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Never Too Poor to Give B. Never Too Late to Learn C. A Second Chance to Seize D. An Unexpected Gift to Treasure ‎【答案】1.D2.B3.A ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的儿子在圣诞节拒绝分享礼物的故事从而引出“给予“这个话题，接着讲述了在自己工作的教育中心，很多孩子即使经济上困难，仍然努力给予。‎ ‎1.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"I worked at an adult education center, where we dealt with people who struggle economically."可知，作者工作的地方主要是帮助一些经济上有困难但仍想接受教育的人。故选D。‎ ‎2.推理判断题。根据第二段“I don’t have anything,” he said. “We’re so poor.”可知，在被问及有没有可以分享的玩具时，作者的儿子即使有一堆玩具但仍拒绝分享，可见他并不想分享。故选B。‎ ‎3.主旨大意题。本文通过对比作者的儿子与学生在给予时的不同态度，对学生的行为给予了肯定的评价"They give what they are able to give."，同时批评自己儿子的行为"“You’re not so poor you have nothing to give,”，主旨立意在于说明贫不贫穷并非是给予他人的理由，即使再贫穷的人也有给予的能力。故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【一年原创】 原创试题及其解析 ‎1‎ Fifteen-year-old David had spent six months planning a hike to the bottom of the Grand Canyon (大峡谷) with his classmates. No one could have known it would end in tragedy.‎ When the group arrived at the starting point for the hike, they found out there was a problem with their permit. To solve it, the five boys and three leaders walk back up to the ranger station (护林站)—only to find out it was closed.‎ When the boys got moving, they’d already drunk most of their water. In the burning sun, temperatures reached a 115°F. Even the leaders were having trouble walking on. But the group finally made it down to the bottom of the Grand Canyon. Heat evil was occurring. “My son made ‎ it about 100 yards from the river and then dropped,” says his father, Robin. Two boys of them raced to the river to get him water.‎ When the boys arrived, the last rafting (筏运) trip of the day was passing by. As luck would have it, among the waiting riders were a few doctors. They rushed to give David first aid before going for help. But it was too late. David passed away from the heat evil.‎ It’s been 21 years since the boy’s death, and hiking still holds a strong memory of David for his family. The summer before the tragedy, his father had a long time to devote to his family. David and his dad spent the summer hiking all over the High Uintas, where snow-topped peaks reflect tower over glacier (冰川)-formed lakes.‎ The photo Robin took of Christmas Meadows there won the Reader’s Digest “From Sea to Shining Sea” photo contest and appeared on the July 2017 magazine cover. To Robin, it isn’t just a fascinating landscape—it’s also a powerful reminder of his late son.‎ ‎27. How many people does David’s group consist of?‎ A. 11 B. 10 C. 9 D. 8‎ ‎28. What does the sentence “Even the leaders were having trouble walking on.” in Paragraph 3 suggest?‎ A. The leaders were taller and older.‎ B. The leaders covered shorter distance.‎ C. The leaders were healthier and stronger.‎ D. The trouble the group faced was so great as to be beyond expectation.‎ ‎29. Where did Robin take the photo which won the Reader’s Digest “From Sea to Shining Sea” photo contest?‎ A. On the High Uintas. B. Where David had been to.‎ A. In the Grand Canyon. D. In the Christmas Meadows.‎ ‎30. What does the passage intend to tell us mainly?‎ A. Take enough water with you when hiking. B. Don’t hike to the Grand Canyon in too hot weather.‎ C. Robin still misses his late son, David. D. Doctors can’t necessarily succeed in saving every patient.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇感人故事。David和同学们去Grand Canyon游玩，不幸的是，由于气温过高，他晕厥而亡。然而，在20多年后的今天，David和父亲一起攀登High Uintas时所拍的“Christmas Meadows”照片赢得读者文摘举办的“From Sea to Shining Sea”摄影赛大奖，更重要的是，该张照片提醒Robin永远怀念David。‎ ‎28. D【命题意图】推理判断题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】该句中的句意是：甚至主事人继续前行也有困难。一般来说远足主事的人都是经验更丰富、身体更健康、体力更好，他们都感到困难时，可见困难出乎预料地大，因此D项正确。‎ ‎29. A【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据第六段中的“The photo Robin took of Christmas Meadows there”可知：A项正确。此处“there”指代“High Uintas”‎ ‎30. C【命题意图】主旨大意题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第六段中的“it’s also a powerful reminder of his late son.这张照片使他想起已故的儿子”可知：C项“Robin现在仍怀念已故的儿子，David”正确。‎ ‎2‎ This week I have been following the story of an 8-year-old girl named Sa'fyre. She was seriously burned in a house fire three years ago. That fire took the lives of her father and sister but Sa'fyre survived because her father covered her tiny body with his own.‎ Sa'fyre now lives with her aunt who helped her post a photo on Facebook, stating that this year for Christmas she would like to receive cards from around the world. And Sa'fyre has now received many cards, letters and gifts from all over the globe.‎ In a world filled with economic inequality and centuries-old religious wars, little Sa'fyre has been able to unite the planet with her simple, innocent request. She has lighted sympathy in hearts everywhere and reminded us that mankind is basically good and kind.‎ While we are exposed every day by the media to the differences between "us and them" and the reasons we should hate and distrust one another, Sa'fyre has managed to find a common thread of ‎ loving kindness that we all share. She has succeeded in bringing the citizens of the world together when all other attempts have failed.‎ Even as many of us have stepped forward to be of assistance to this little girl, the truth is that she has helped us, by restoring generosity and love during a time when those qualities are most needed.‎ Last night in my dream I saw the 7.3 billion people of this planet all joined as one, hand in hand; and 7.3 billion hearts beating with the same rhythm. We are not separate. We will only save the planet and our own lives when we finally grasp this fact. We must work together by finding our common ground, our basic humanity. This is a concept so simple that only a little child can lead us there... a child named Sa'fyre who has come to save the world.‎ ‎24. What happened to Sa'fyre when she was five?‎ A. She began to collect cards. B. She lost her father to a fire. ‎ C. She suffered from an illness. D. She received many gifts. ‎ ‎25. What did Sa'fyre do in the story?‎ A She tried to help her aunt. B. She showed sympathy to others.‎ C. She hoped to get various cards. D. She expected to unite the world.‎ ‎26.How did Sa'fyre manage to unite the citizens of the world？‎ A. By setting a good example to others. ‎ B. By calling on the world leaders to act.‎ C. By pointing out the importance of uniting.‎ D. By giving people a chance to show love.‎ ‎27. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. The author is optimistic about the future of the world. ‎ B. The people in the world are all looking forward to peace.‎ C. The only way to keep peace is to send cards to each other.‎ D. The author often dreams sweet dreams about the world peace.‎ ‎【文章大意】故事中的小女孩希望在圣诞节收到来自世界各地的卡片，她这个愿望得到了满足。同时她的愿望也让人们显示了本来的慷慨和善良，她在挽救这个逐渐冷漠的世界。‎ ‎24. B 【命题意图】细节理解题。【解题思路】‎ 根据首段内容可知，当她5岁的时候她的父亲为了救她而失去了生命。‎ ‎25. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段内容可知，她希望收到来自世界各地的圣诞卡。‎ ‎26.D【命题意图】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二、三段内容可知Sa'fyre希望收到来自世界各地的卡片，她这个请求给了人们显示爱心和同情心的机会，再根据第四段中Sa'fyre has managed to find a common thread of loving kindness that we all share.可以判断选D。‎ ‎27.A 【命题意图】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据文章末段可以推断作者对世界的未来很乐观，充满了希望，故选C。‎ ‎3‎ When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. She’d watch me coming down her street, and by the time I’d biked up to her doorstep, there’d be a cold drink waiting. I’d sit and drink while she talked.‎ Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning.” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda(汽水) went up my nose.‎ I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe she’d work it out of her system. So that’s what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地).‎ I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn’t see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser(募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she’d had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.‎ I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I’m doing. When I don’t say “find,” she sticks around to hear my problems. She’s lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care, and not because they’re getting paid to do so. Sometimes it’s good to just smile, nod your head and listen.‎ ‎1. Why did soda go up the author’s nose one time?‎ A. He was talking fast B. He was shocked C. He was in a hurry D. He was absent-minded ‎2. Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley according to paragraph 3?‎ A. He enjoyed the drink B. He wanted to be helpful C. He took the chance to rest D. He tried to please his dad ‎3. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system”?‎ A. recover from her sadness B. move out of the neighborhood C. turn to her old friends D. speak out about her past ‎4. What does the author think people in a community should do?‎ A. Open up to others B. Depend on each other C. Pay for others’ help D. Care about one another ‎【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D ‎【解析】本文讲述的是作者曾经是一个报童，他非常关心一位丧偶的顾客Mrs. Stanley，每次去Mrs. Stanley家送报都会停留一会儿倾听她的故事。而作者多年后又被自家的报童关心着。由此作者感悟到社区邻里之间应多互相关心。‎ ‎1.  推理判断题。根据第二段Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” she’d say.  The first time she said that, soda (汽水) went up my nose.可推测，作者第一次听到Mrs. Stanley一直谈死去的丈夫时，汽水喝呛了，可以推断出作者当时极为震惊的。故选B。‎ ‎2. 推理判断题。根据第三段Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile,可知，作者倾听Mrs. Stanley说话是为了帮助她。故选B。‎ ‎4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care,以及本文所讲的故事：作者以前关心Mrs. Stanley，后来又被自家的送报员所关心，由此可推断作者想要表明的观点：社区邻里间应该互相关心。故选D。‎ ‎4‎ Last year, I fell into a deep depression(抑郁). It was caused by a car accident. I was in physical recovery from the accident and suddenly all of my old hurts started coming up. I found ‎ myself crying on the floor of my apartment. ‎ I don't want you to bleed with me or to pity me. But I also don't want to gloss my reality. And the truth is, beneath the shiny photos you see on the Internet, I'm still a work in progress. I'm not perfect. Like all of us, I'm doing the best I can. Making the best choices I can. Back to the evening when I found myself lying on the floor.‎ What happened next? I started writing.‎ There was a TV show I absolutely loved. I started writing fan fiction. It provided a beautiful place of escape from the thoughts swimming in my head. The depression started to lift. I started to feel like myself again.‎ After completing a four-part fan fiction totaling around 12,000 words, I had an idea. I should write a novel to give a hand to those like me. ‎ I continued writing, having no idea where it would lead. I didn't know I would publish it but, after much resistance on my part I finally made the decision to publish the book under my own name. No pen name. No hiding on the deep bowels of the internet. ‎ And so here we are. The day before the release of the book. Sure, readers will enjoy the twists and turns. And I can see myself in the character. But that's not my real motivation. I wrote it to help people. To give them a place to belong to. A place to talk about this fictional world. The very same thing that saved me last year.‎ If the story provides this to just one person, I've done my job.‎ ‎24.What does the underlined word “gloss” in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A. Cover. B. Expose. C. Realize. D. Face.‎ ‎25. What really motivated the author to write a novel?‎ A. To earn a living. B. To follow his dream. ‎ C. To help people with depression. D. To find a place to belong to.‎ ‎26. What do you think of the writer?‎ A. Perfect. B. Cautious. C. Shy. D. Honest. ‎ ‎27. What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. My Hobby B. Writing Can Help C. A Moving Story D. My New Book ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者通过写作走出抑郁，而且决定自己写小说来帮助他人的故事。‎ ‎24.A 【命题意图】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据下文可知，作者想告诉读者真相，所以是不想掩盖事实，故选A。‎ ‎25.C【命题意图】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第五段及倒数第二段内容可知，作者希望写小说去帮助像自己一样的人。‎ ‎26. D【命题意图】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段可知，作者对自己的状况很坦诚，故选D。‎ ‎27. B【命题意图】主旨大意题。【解题思路】文章主要介绍了作者 通过写作走出了抑郁的状况，而且决定用自己写的小说来帮助像自己一样的人，故选B。‎ ‎5‎ I was in my third year of teaching creative writing at a high school, when 15-year-old Mikey, gave me a note from his mother. It explained his absence from class the day before.‎ I had seen Mikey himself writing the note at his desk. Most parental-excuse notes I received were penned by my students. If I were to deal with them, I’d be busy 24 hours a day.‎ The forged excuse notes made a large pile, with writing that ranged from imaginative to crazy. The writers of those notes didn’t realize honest excuse notes were usually dull: “Peter was late because the alarm clock didn’t go off.”‎ Isn’t it excellent, I thought, how the students complained and said it was hard to put 200 words together on any subject? But when they produced excuse notes, they were brilliant.‎ So one day I typed out a dozen excuse notes and gave them to my classes. I said, “They’re supposed to be written by parents, but actually they are not.” The students looked at me nervously.‎ ‎“Now, this will be the first class to study the art of the excuse note — the first class, ever, to practice writing them.” ‎ Everyone smiled as I went on, “You used your imaginations. So try more now. Today I’d like you to write ‘An Excuse Note from Adam to God’ or ‘An Excuse Note from Eve to God’. ” Heads went down. Pens raced across paper. For the first time ever I saw students so careful in their writing.‎ The next day everyone had excuse notes. Heated discussions followed. The headmaster entered the classroom and walked up and down, looking at papers, and then said, “I’d like you to see me in my office.”‎ When I stepped into his office, he came to shake my hand and said, “I just want to tell you that that lesson, that task, whatever you were doing, was great. Those kids were writing on the college level. Thank you.”‎ ‎29. What may be an excuse note written by a parent like?‎ A. It may be very formal and serious. ‎ B. It may be very creative.‎ C. It may be very crazy and full of imagination. ‎ D. It may be very simple and dull. ‎ ‎30. Why did the writer ask students to practice writing excuse notes?‎ A. Because he wanted to punish them for telling lies. ‎ B. Because the headmaster asked him to do so. ‎ C. Because he wanted them to taste the pleasure of creative writing.‎ D. Because he want to teach them how to write excuse notes.‎ ‎31. The students found the writer’s idea of writing “An Excuse Note from Eve to God”_____.‎ A. exciting B. meaningless C. difficult D. useful ‎ 改编 文章大意：当作者在纽约一所高中教授写作课时，收到了很多署名家长但实际上是学生自己写的 “请假条”。于是作者借一次机会，给学生布置了一次很有创意的写作任务，题目是“亚当或者夏娃写给上帝的请假条”，结果收到了意想不到的效果。‎ ‎29.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段The writers of those notes didn’t realize that honest excuse notes were usually dull可知家长写的请假条简单乏味，选D。‎ ‎30. C推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段内容可知作者认为学生们写的请假条很精彩，于是想用这个话题让学生们自由发挥他们丰富的想象力，激发他们的潜力，故选C。‎ ‎6‎ One day in 1942, I talked a friend into walking to the nearby town of Aldeburgh. On our return trip, as we were nearing our bomber base, we saw Doris walking her bike in the opposite direction. She said she had planned to meet a soldier for a date, but he hadn’t shown up. I offered to accompany her home to Aldeburgh. She agreed, and after biking back together, we decided to meet again.‎ The following day, Doris’ original date stopped by her house and he asked Doris why she hadn’t shown up. It turned out that he was stationed(驻扎) at a fighter base close by—not the bomber base, as Doris had thought. He asked if they could make another date, but Doris said she’d already met the fellow she wanted!‎ Months later, the war ended and my base was shutting down. I went to Aldeburgh to tell Doris the news. She cycled halfway back to the base with me before we said our final goodbyes. Doris recalls, ＂I was heartbroken, knowing I was losing someone who meant so much to me.＂‎ Unexpectedly, I was transferred to a site in Elveden. Though I was 60 miles away from Aldeburgh, I would travel far to see Doris! It wasn’t long before we decided to get married.‎ We had to wait three months before the military would approve our marriage. When permission finally came, Doris and I rushed to the local vicar (牧师), who married us in a church in Aldeburgh.‎ In 1946, I returned to the States and brought my beautiful bride home. We’ve been happily married for 67 years and have four sons, eight grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren. All because of a fortunate meeting place mix-up!‎ ‎33. Why did Doris fail to date with the soldier she had planned to?‎ A. Because the soldier arrived too late.‎ B. Because they both appeared at a wrong place.‎ C. Because Doris appeared at a wrong place.‎ D. Because Doris forgot where the soldier was stationed.‎ ‎34. Which is the key factor that the writer could get married to Doris as a soldier?‎ A. The approval from the military. B. The approval from the local vicar.‎ C. A fortunate meeting place mix-up. D. A number of my visits to her.‎ ‎35. What does the writer think offered him the lucky chance that resulted in their marriage?‎ A. The true and deep love between them. B. His service in a bomber base.‎ C. A fortunate meeting place mix-up. D. The absence of the soldier from the date.‎ ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述的是Doris与男友初次幽会时走错了地点，这使得作者与她偶遇，后来作者和Doris发展成为恋人进而结婚。‎ ‎33. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】 根据第二段中的＂he asked Doris why she hadn’t shown up. It turned out that he was stationed(驻扎) at a fighter base close by—not the bomber base, as Doris had thought.＂可知：Doris误认为男友驻扎在轰炸机基地。这导致她出现在错误的地点并且没见到男友。‎ ‎34. A 【命题意图】细节理解题。 ‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第五段中的＂We had to wait three months before the military would approve our marriage.＂可知：作为士兵，作者成婚最重要的因素是得到军方的同意。‎ ‎35. C 【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎ 【解题思路】根据文章最后一句话＂All because of a fortunate meeting place mix-up!＂ 可知：作者能够与Doris成婚、生子都是源于一个幸运的机遇——幽会地点的混淆。‎ ‎7‎ Alan Simpson formed, with Ray Galton, one of the great television scriptwriting partnerships. Their early work with Tony Hancock pioneered what became known as situation comedy.‎ Alan Simpson was born in Brixton, London on 27 November 1929. After leaving school, he obtained a job as a shipping clerk before contracting tuberculosis. He became so ill that he was not expected to live and was given the last rites. However, he survived. And he met his future partner, another teenage TB sufferer named Ray Galton.‎ They discovered a shared love of American humorists such as Damon Runyon and had both listened to radio comedy programmes Take It From Here and The Goon Shows. Their first work together was for hospital radio. Have You Ever Wondered was based on their experiences, which was played out in 1949.‎ When Simpson left hospital he was asked by a local church concert party to write a show and ‎ he roped in Ray Galton to help. The pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time, notably Eric Sykes, Peter Sellers, Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock. They were quickly tired of the format of radio comedy shows of the time which included music, sketches and one-liners, and longed for something with more depth. They came up with the idea of comedy where all the humour came from the situations in which characters find themselves. Tony Hancock liked the idea and Hancock’s Half Hour was born.‎ It is often credited as the first true radio sitcom, although two other shows of the time, A Life of Bliss and Life with the Lyons, were already using the format in 1954 when Hancock first aired.‎ In 1956 the series transferred to TV and ran until 1961. Another original four series ran between 1962 and 1965 and the show was revived between 1970 and 1974, during which time two feature film versions were also released. It proved to be the high point.‎ Simpson quit writing in 1978 to pursue his other business interests although he and Galton remained close friends. In 1996 they reunited to update some of their best-known scripts for the comedian Paul Merton.‎ Simpson blamed their later lack of popularity on the fact that shows were commissioned by armies of managers rather than producers.‎ Alan Simpson passed away today, 8 February 2017.‎ ‎【文章大意】Alan Simpson是情景喜剧先驱者之一，与其搭档Ray Galton一起创作并出演了很多令人印象深刻的作品。他的作品遍及二十世纪四十、五十、六十、七十年代。现在他离开了我们，但是他的作品却让我们铭记。‎ ‎28. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “roped in” in Paragraph 4?‎ A. persuaded. B. cheated. C. followed. D. ordered.‎ ‎29. What can we know from Paragraph 4?‎ A. Hancock's Half Hour was the fourth true radio sitcom.‎ B. Alan Simpson was one of the pioneers of situation comedy.‎ C. Eric Sykes, Peter Sellers, Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock were promising performers of ‎ the time.‎ D. Between 1970 and 1974 two feature film versions released made Alan’s career come to the high point.‎ ‎29. C【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段最后一句“Tony Hancock liked the idea and Hancock’s Half Hour was born.”和第五段第一句“It is often credited as the first true radio sitcom”可知A项不正确。根据第一段第二句“Their early work with Tony Hancock pioneered what became known as situation comedy.”可知B项不是题目中所要求的内容。根据第四段第二句“The pair also linked up with several other promising new comedy writers and performers of the time, notably Eric Sykes, Peter Sellers, Frankie Howerd and Tony Hancock.” 可知C项正确。根据第六段中的“... between 1970 and 1974, during which time two feature film versions were also released. It proved to be the high point.”可知D项也不是第四段的内容。故此题正确答案为C。‎ ‎30. Why were they fed up with the format of radio comedy shows of the time?‎ A. Because Simpson was not satisfied with their later lack of popularity.‎ B. Because Alan Simpson and his partners desired something with more depth.‎ C. Because Alan Simpson was tired of writing and wanted to pursue his other business interests.‎ D. Because Alan Simpson thought shows were commissioned by armies of managers rather than producers..‎ ‎30. B【命题意图】细节理解题。‎ ‎【解题思路】根据第四段第三句“They were quickly tired of the format of radio comedy shows of the time which included music, sketches and one-liners, and longed for something with more depth.”可知，B项正确。‎ ‎31. What’s the best titile of the passage?‎ A. Obituary: Alan Simpson B. The Achievements of Alan Simpson C. Alan Simpson and His Partners D. A Talented Man.‎ ‎31 A【命题意图】主旨大意题。‎ ‎【解题思路】文章主要介绍了Alan Simpson作为情景喜剧的先驱者之一，一生中所创作出来的作品以及所产生的影响，他的作品从二十世纪四十年代一直到七十年代都在影响着人们的生活。最后提到了他的逝世。所以本文应该是一个讣告。故A项为正确答案。‎ ‎8‎ Samuel Osmond is a 19yearold law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata(奏鸣曲)by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.‎ Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn't even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.‎ Samuel can't understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them in mind—each and every note，” says Samuel.‎ Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can't play it. Samuel says confidently，“It's all about super memory—I guess I have that gift.”‎ However, Samuel's ability to remember things doesn't stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.‎ Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn't know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.‎ 1. According to Paragraph 1 we can know Samuel Osmond is a talent in ______ ?‎ A. ‎ remembering music.‎ B. playing the difficult music C. playing the whole music by listening to it in parts.‎ D. playing Moonlight Sonata(奏鸣曲)by Beethoven 2. Samuel Osmond studies law and music because of ______.‎ A. the wish of his parents.‎ B. the proposal of his music teacher.‎ C. the gift of his own.‎ D. the considerate thought.‎ 1. What Samuel surprised everyone is that _______.‎ A. He grew up with music.‎ B. H decided to start playing the piano.‎ C. He could bear them in mind—each and every note.‎ D. He could play the piano without reading music 文章大意:这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了英国19岁的音乐天才Samuel Osmond的故事。‎ ‎1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts.”可知Samuel Osmond是一个天才在于听部分片段就能学会一首曲子。故选C。‎ ‎2. D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music..”可知，他现在学习法律和音乐是兼顾了父母的意愿，老师的提议，是一种考虑周到的想法，故选D。‎ 改编自2014广东卷。‎ ‎9‎ Beep … beep … beep.‎ The buzz of the alarm was annoying. But I had to get up — I was a morning radio-show host.‎ When I first told my family and friends I’d landed the job, they were shocked. My roommate mocked(嘲笑) me: “Have you ever even been up early enough to listen to a morning show?” She knew I was a person who would stay up late and sleep through my alarm. I even relied on her for a final wake-up call. ‎ But I was determined to change my way. The job called for me to be out of bed at 3:30 a.m. In preparation, I spent a week leading up to my first day trying to adapt myself to wake up to dark skies.‎ At first, setting my alarm for a number that started with 3 was too unnerving. I found 4 slightly less awful, so I started with 4:55 a.m. Most morning shows start between 5:30 and 6, so this was a step in the right direction.‎ I also decided to start drinking coffee. My body was not accustomed to the caffeine, so one cup had astonishing effects. ‎ The night before the big day, I set three alarms: my phone, my clock radio and an old-school alarm clock. But I was still nervous that I wouldn’t wake up, so in true nighthawk(夜生活者) fashion I stayed up late and never fell into a deep sleep. How can you ensure you’ll be awake in time? By simply staying awake, of course!‎ I had the job for one year. Now I’m back to working a 9-to-5 job. On days when I need to get things done before work, I have no problem setting my alarm for 4 a.m. But when I do, I still set all three of them, just in case.‎ I no longer believe in being an “early bird” or a “nighthawk” . Early is a state of mind.‎ ‎29. What can we know about the author?‎ A. She now has returned to the habit of staying up late. ‎ B. She managed to adjust herself to getting up early. ‎ C. She went to bed early before the day she began to work.‎ D. She got support from her friend when she wanted to work as a host.‎ ‎30. What does the underlined word“unnerving”in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A. Satisfying. B. Embarrassing. C. Puzzling. D. Disappointing.‎ ‎31. What does the writer’s experience tell us?‎ A. Early birds catch worms.‎ B. A good beginning is half done.‎ C. Nothing is difficult to a willing heart.‎ D. God helps those who help themselves.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者的一段经历。她一贯是一个晚睡晚起的人，但是她的工作要求她得凌晨三点起床，于是作者对此做了一系列的准备，最后她适应了早起的生活模式，而且对“early bird”也有了新的认识。‎ ‎29.‎ ‎ A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段内容可知作者从事这份工作长达一年之久，后来回归了朝九晚五的工作，而且如今在想要早起的时候都可以按时起床，故选A。‎ ‎30. D词义猜测题。根据本段内容和后句中less awful可以判断作者认为刚开始适应早起的时候把闹钟定到凌晨3点多太糟糕，会令人紧张、失望，故选D。‎ ‎31. C推理判断题。文章介绍了作者在做早间广播节目主持人时，设法改变自己晚睡晚起的习惯，最终使自己习惯早起的故事，故判断选C。‎ ‎10‎ In the fall of 1985, I was a brighteyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twentyone years later I am still a brighteyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.‎ My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.‎ Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopted and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic—and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No.3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.‎ You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8! Our home was a complete zoo—a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college fulltime. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant taking as few as one class each semester.‎ The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.‎ In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree!‎ Everything you want won't arrive in your life in one day. It's a process. Remember: little steps add up to big dreams.‎ 文章大意：作者为了照顾自己的奶奶，不得不放弃了继续在哈佛大学深造的机会。在忙碌的生活中，作者依然坚守着自己当初上大学的梦想，最终用21年的时间获得了大学学位。‎ ‎21. What is the meaning of the underlined word “withdraw” in Paragraph 2?‎ A. Continue. B. Drop. C. Graduate. D. Learn.‎ B词义猜测题。根据It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait. 判断作者打算辍学回家来照顾奶奶，故选B。‎ ‎22. How did the author feel when she had to leave home to study?‎ A. Excited. B. Happy. ‎ C. Guilty. D. Disappointed.‎ C细节理解题。从文章第五段The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. 可知当作者不得不离开孩子去学习的时候会感到很愧疚，选C。‎ ‎23. How did the writer develop the passage?‎ A. By giving examples. B. By comparison. ‎ C. By giving explanations. D. By time order.‎ D推理判断题。本文按照时间顺序讲述了自己的故事，故选D。‎ ‎24. What can we learn from this story?‎ A. Well begun is half done. ‎ B. God helps those who help themselves. ‎ C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. ‎ D. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.‎ C推理判断题。本文介绍了作者在忙碌的生活中依然坚守着自己当初上大学的梦想，用21年的时间获得了大学学位，证明了“有志者，事竟成”，选C。‎ ‎11‎ In my mind, there is a moving story about a skinny young boy who loved football with all his heart.‎ Practice after practice, he eagerly gave everything he had. But being half the size of the other boys, he got absolutely nowhere. At all the games, this hopeful athlete sat on the bench and hardly ever played.‎ This teenager lived alone with his father, and the two of them had a very special relationship. Even though the son was always on the bench, his father was always in the stands cheering. He never missed a game. This young man was still the smallest of the class when he entered high school. But his father continued to encourage him.‎ The young man loved football and was determined to try his best at every practice, and perhaps he’d get to play when he became a senior. All through high school he never missed a practice nor a game but remained a bench-warmer. Besides, his faithful father was always in the stands, always with words of encouragement for him. When the young man went to college, he decided to try out for the football team as a “walk-on”. Everyone was sure he could never make the cut, but he did.‎ The news that he had survived the cut thrilled him so much that he rushed to the nearest phone and called his father. His father shared his excitement and was sent season tickets for all the college games. This persistent young athlete never missed practice during his four years at college, but he never got to play in a game.‎ It was at the end of his senior football season that the coach met him with a telegram. The young man read the telegram and he became totally silent. Swallowing hard, he mumbled to the coach, “My father died this morning. Is it all right if I miss practice today?” The coach put his arm gently around his shoulder and said, “Take the rest of the week off, son. And don’t even plan to come back to the game on Saturday.”‎ Saturday arrived, and the game was not going well. In the third quarter, when the team was ten points behind, a silent young man quietly slipped into the empty locker room and put on his football gear. As he ran onto the sidelines(边线), the coach and his players were surprised to see their faithful teammate back so soon. “Coach, please let me play. I’ve just got to play today,” said the young man. The coach pretended not to hear him. There was no way he wanted his worst player in this close playoff game. But the young man insisted, and finally feeling sorry for the kid, the coach gave in. “All right,” he said. “You can go in." Before long, the coach, the players and everyone in the stands could not believe their eyes. This little unknown, who had never played before was doing everything right. The opposing team could not stop him. He ran, he passed, blocked, and tackled like a star. His team began to succeed. The score was soon tied. In the closing seconds of the game, this kid got a pass and ran all the way for the winning touchdown. ‎ Finally, after the stands had emptied, the coach noticed that this young man was sitting quietly in the corner all alone. The coach came to him and said, “Kid, you were fantastic! Tell me what got into you? How did you do it?”‎ He looked at the coach, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?” The young man swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him I could make it!”‎ ‎55. What’s the writer’s attitude toward the young boy in the passage?‎ A. Appreciative.       ‎ B. Critical.‎ C. Grateful. ‎ D. Negative.‎ ‎56. What does the underlined sentence “he got absolutely nowhere” mean?‎ A. He could never make his father see his performance clearly.        ‎ B. There was no chance of his becoming a top athlete in this sport.‎ C. There was no coach to train him well enough to be a good player.‎ D. He had no idea at all what kind of person he wanted to be in future.‎ ‎57. Who felt very pleased when the young man was chosen to be a member of his college team?‎ A. His teachers and classmates. ‎ B. His coach and teammates.‎ C. His parents and relatives.‎ D. He himself and his father.‎ ‎58. From the passage, we can infer that _________.‎ A. the young man’s coach played an important role in his growth          ‎ B. the young man’s father had a great positive influence on him C. not until his father passed away did the young man train hard D. the young man’s road to success in football was always smooth ‎59. Why did the young man return to the match on Saturday?‎ A. He hoped his dead father could be proud of his performance. ‎ B. He thought he was much better than other players in his team.‎ C. He wanted to defeat the opposing team in this significant game. ‎ D. He planned to make money to cure his father of his blindness.‎ ‎60. What’s the best title of the passage?‎ A. A thrilling football match ‎ B. Determined father and son C. The power of dreams D. The encouragement of a coach ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇美文，讲述了一位意志坚定的年轻人在父亲的影响下取得成功的故事。 ‎ ‎55. A 推理判断题。根据第一段“In my mind, there is a moving story about a skinny young boy who loved football with all his heart”和下文内容可知，作者表现出对这位年轻人的赞赏。故选A项。‎ ‎58. B 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，尽管这个年轻人的足球生涯困难重重，但是他在父亲对他一如既往的支持和鼓励下追逐梦想，永不放弃，并最终取得了成功，也就是说他的父亲对他有积极的影响。故B项正确。‎ ‎59. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him I could make it!”可以看出，年轻人之所以返回学校上场比赛是因为他想让死去的父亲为他的表现感到自豪。故选A项。‎ ‎60. B 写作意图题。文章讲述了一位意志坚定的年轻人在父亲的支持和鼓励下追逐梦想、永不放弃直至最后取得成功的故事。故答案为B项。‎ 考点：人物故事类阅读。‎ ‎12‎ Magic is the performance of tricks. It has been a part of almost every culture in the world. Magic shows might include a disappearing act, card tricks, or pulling a rabbit out of a hat. But what could that have to do with health?‎ Kevin Spencer, an American magician goes beyond just entertaining crowds. He also makes magic to improve the lives of people with disabilities. ‎ What made him change the focus of his work was an accident. It took him almost a year to regain the skills he’d lost as a result of the accident and this made him think about using magic tricks ‎ as a tool for healing. So Spencer started conducting workshops all over the world. He teaches magic tricks to children and adults with disabilities.‎ Mr. Spencer says magic therapy(疗法) may seem non-traditional. But many skills needed to perform a good magic trick are used in traditional forms of therapy — physical movement, thinking, understanding and social skills are all there. And that social connection with other people can also help people feel better about themselves and increase their confidence.‎ Liam Shannon is an example. Liam has a brain disorder that can make learning and connecting with people difficult. People with severe brain disorder may also have trouble understanding complex emotions. The 10-year-old boy said after he learned a few simple tricks, he felt many different emotions. ＂It made me feel happy and proud. It was great!＂ Liam said.‎ ‎ Kevin Spencer says seeing kids like Liam come alive is better than all the applause in the world. ＂We can be on a stage and get the applause of thousands of people, but that is nothing compared to the smile that comes across a kid’s face and when they say ‘Look! I did it!’ and it’s like, ‘yeah, you did!’＂.‎ He says he plans to spend more time working with people with disabilities.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了一位美国魔术师不仅用魔术来娱乐观众，还用魔术来改善残疾人的生活。他的＂魔术疗法＂已经帮助了很多人，而且他也从中获得了很多的快乐。‎ ‎21.What do you think of Kevin Spencer?‎ A. Kind. B. Humorous. C. Brave. D. Honest.‎ A推理判断题。文章主要介绍了魔术师凯文·史宾赛利用魔术去帮助残疾人的故事，由此判断他是善良、热心的，故选A。‎ ‎22.Magic therapy is similar to traditional forms of therapy in_________.‎ A. the use of tools B. the use of skills C. the length of history D. the variety of forms B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知要表演好一场魔术，需要许多在传统形式的治疗中都用到了的技能——物理运动、思考能力、理解能力和社交能力都在其中。故选B。‎ ‎23.The author mentioned Liam Shannon in the text in order to_________.‎ A. show Liam Shannon likes magic very much ‎ B. tell us Liam Shannon has a talent for magic ‎ C. prove the success of Kevin Spencer’s magic therapy ‎ D. explain the connection between magic and personality C推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句＂And that social connection with other people can also help people feel better about themselves and increase their confidence.＂(这种与他人的社交会让这些残疾人感觉更好一些，同时也增加他们的信心。)并结合下文可判断，作者在下文所举的这个例子是用来证明上述内容的，故选C。‎ ‎24.What is mainly talked about in the text?‎ A. Magic is an interesting performance. ‎ B. Kevin Spencer is popular with children. ‎ C. Kevin Spencer has a deep love for magic.‎ D. Kevin Spencer use magic to help the disabled.‎ ‎13‎ When someone walks into your life, a story begins. Pay attention. Who knows where it will go or how it will end?‎ I was a transplanted Southerner trying to take root in California, married only six months when my new husband got his first job teaching and coaching at Monterey High.‎ It would take almost 10 years for him to move from basic math courses and lower-division sports to teaching physics and coaching varsity basketball. But he was never in a hurry, never in a rush to do anything, really, but his best. All that mattered, he said, was not the status of a job, but how well and how diligently he performed it. While he was busy doing his “best,” I was busy having babies (three in five years) and going to basketball games. That’s where I met David, at the games. I was 21. He was 16. It’s not like you could miss him, really. ‎ David was a special education student at Monterey High, a big lumbering(步态笨拙的) bear(急性子) who loved basketball with all his being, but lacked the coordination(协调) to play.‎ Instead, starting in high school and continuing some 40 years, he showed up at every game as “team manager,” taking care of the balls and towels, slapping players on the backs if they did well, and giving grief, like it or not, if they missed shots or made the team look bad. He ‎ took special umbrage at lazy defense. “You’ve got to box out! Even I can do that! Want me to teach you?” He said. They would pretend to ignore him, but win or lose, they’d at least try a little harder to box out.‎ More than anything — maybe even more than basketball — David loved hugs. I’m not sure David ever knew my name. He called me “Mrs. Coach.” At every game, home or away, he’d spot me in the stands and come clomping up(聚拢) the bleachers, parting the crowd like the Red Sea to get a hug. When David hugged you, you knew you’d been hugged. ‎ Later, in the years the coach was battling cancer, David never said much, just did his job as always, diligently and well. He hated sweeping the gym floor. Sweeping was a janitor’s job, not the team manager’s, he said. But if he caught the coach sweeping, as he sometimes did, he’d grab the broom and finish the job without a word.‎ ‎ The morning of the coach’s memorial service, someone took photos of preparations in the gym. Bleachers(露天看台) were pulled out, chairs were set up to seat the crowd. A thousand paper cranes（鹤） folded by his students flew in a “V” from the goal. And there was David, sweeping the floor.‎ That was long ago. I had not seen David in years. I heard he’d retired as team manager. I had remarried, moved away, was back in town for a visit, when I ran into him at Toasties, my favorite breakfast place.‎ ‎ He was sitting at the counter, older, grayer, big as ever, with his sweet wife, Stephanie. “David,” I said, tapping his shoulder, “remember me?” His eyes welled up as he rose from the counter and slowly engulfed(包围) me in a big bear hug. “Mrs. Coach,” he said, lifting me off my feet, “Mrs. Coach.”‎ When David hugs you, you still know you’ve been hugged.‎ ‎55. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 refers to __________ in this passage.‎ A. the author’s new husband        ‎ B. the author’s late(已故的) husband C. David ‎ D. Stephanie ‎56. As to the writer’s former husband, we know that he ____________.‎ A. loved teaching special education students         ‎ B. was in a rush to do what he enjoyed C. died as team manager D. was devoted to his job ‎57. The underlined part in Paragraph 5 means “_________”?‎ A. was very angry at           ‎ B. was indifferent to C. was reluctant to accept ‎ D. was sorry to see ‎58. What do David and the author’s late husband share in common?‎ A. They were both excellent coaches.            ‎ B. They were both very hardworking.‎ C. They both retired with great honor. ‎ D. They both loved cleaning the gym floor.‎ ‎59. Which of the following words can NOT be used to describe David?‎ A. Clumsy. ‎ B. Athletic.‎ C. Loving. ‎ D. Diligent.‎ ‎60. The author wrote the passage to _________.‎ A. remember her late husband ‎ B. express her deep love for basketball C. bring back happy memories in high school ‎ D. remember an ordinary but respectable old friend ‎【文章大意】作者笔下的戴维身材高大，酷爱篮球，却因身体原因无法征战球场，但他没有消沉，为球队服务数十年，赢得了队员和作者的敬重。 ‎ ‎55. C 代词指代题。综观全文可知，作者记叙了David坚持为球队服务，赢得了队员和作者尊重的故事。因此这里的someone指的就是David。故C项正确。‎ ‎56. D 推理判断题。‎ 根据文章第三段可知，作者的前任丈夫对待工作很有耐心，总是不疾不徐，力争做到最好，有献身精神，对工作很专注。故D项正确。‎ ‎57. A 词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文David所说的话可知，他对队员出现的不全力以赴的防守行为是感到愤慨、不安的。故A项正确。‎ ‎58. B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中对作者已故丈夫的描述“All that mattered, he said, was not the status of a job, but how well and how diligently he performed it.”以及第五段中对David的描述“Instead, starting in high school and continuing some 40 years”和第七段中对David的描述“Later, in the years the coach was battling cancer, David never said much, just did his job as always, diligently and well.”可知，David做着平凡的事务，一干就是40多年，很敬业，这一点与作者已故的丈夫有共同之处。故B项正确。‎ ‎59. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“a big lumbering(步态笨拙的) bear(急性子) who loved basketball with all his being, but lacked the coordination(协调) to play”可知，David动作笨拙(clumzy)，缺乏协调性，所以谈不上运动型的(athletic)；根据第七段内容可知，David一直很勤奋(diligent)，此外，尽管David讨厌扫地，但一发现患有癌症的教练扫地，便一把夺过扫帚，可见其是有爱心的(loving)。故选B项。‎ ‎60. D 写作意图题。作者在文中回忆了一位平凡而又特别令人尊敬的老友David，他对待工作的认真和勤勉以及他由于身体原因无法成为一名篮球运动员，然而他却始终热爱这项运动的精神深深地感染了作者。故D项正确。‎ 考点：人物故事类阅读 ‎14‎ Ernest Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois, on July 21st, 1899. Influenced by his father, he enjoyed camping, fishing and hunting at his early age. In 1917, after graduation from high school, Hemingway began his writing career with The Kansas City Star. And then, after being rejected for army service in World War I because of poor vision, he volunteered to serve as a driver for an American ambulance unit in France. In 1918, he transferred to duty on the Italian front, where he was seriously wounded in an explosion. After his recovery, he returned home. He worked for The Toronto star, covered the Greco-Turkish war as a foreign reporter, and then returned to Paris, which was a city full of intellectual life, creativity, and genius after the war. In Paris, where he accomplished a revolution in literary style and language, his first book, Three Stories and ‎ Ten Poems, appeared in 1923, and was followed by a short story collection In Our Time, which marked his entry to American literature in 1925.‎ Hemingway’s status as a remarkable writer of his time was confirmed with the publication of A Farewell to Arms in 1929. The novel represented a farewell both for war and for love. In 1937, he became a foreign reporter covering the Spanish Civil war. Three years later, he published For Whom the Bell Tolls. Set in Spain during the Civil war, the novel restated his view of love found and lost and described the tough spirit of the common people. In 1912, the same judgment was reflected in his portrait of fisherman, Santiago, with an indomitable spirit in defeat, in The Old Man and the Sea, which was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. Hemingway won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. With one of the most important influences on the development of the American short story and novel, Hemingway has seized the imagination of the American public like no other twentieth-century author. He died by suicide, in Ketchum, Idaho, in 1961.‎ ‎1. Hemingway was turned down for army service in World war I because ______ .‎ ‎ A. he was unlearned B. he was in poor condition ‎ C. he was inexperienced D. he had bad eyesight ‎ ‎2. The publication of _______ proved Hemingway one of the greatest literary lights of the 20th century.‎ ‎ A. Three Stories and Ten Poems B. A Farewell to Arms ‎ ‎ C. The Old Man and the Sea D. In Our Time ‎3. Which is the correct order of the following events given in this passage?‎ ‎ a. Hemingway’s work For Whom the Bell tolls came out.‎ ‎ b. Hemingway won the Nobel Prize in Literature.‎ ‎ c. Hemingway’s first book was published in Paris.‎ ‎ d. Hemingway got wounded on the Italian front.‎ ‎ e. Hemingway covered the Greco-Turkish war as a foreign reporter.‎ ‎ A. d, e, c, a, b B.e, c, d, a, b C.a, c, e, b, d D. c, e, a, b, d ‎4. The underlined word “indomitable” in the last paragraph probably means ______.‎ ‎ A. unending B. unselfish C. unbending D. Unchanging ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.D ‎2.B ‎3.A ‎4.C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:本文主要讲述了海明威的一生，海明威出生在伊利诺斯州的橡树公园，受其父亲影响，他小时候喜欢野营、钓鱼和狩猎。‎ ‎3.A事实细节题。根据短文的结构，可知，海明威显示在意大利受伤了，然后当了一个外国记者，接着出版了自己的书，然后《丧钟为谁而鸣》出版了，最后海明威获得了诺贝尔奖，故选A。‎ ‎4.C词义猜测题。根据根据In 1912, the same judgment was reflected in his portrait of fisherman, Santiago, with an indomitable spirit in defeat, in The Old Man and the Sea, which was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. 可知圣地亚哥在战斗中拥有着不屈的意志，正是这种品质的描写使得他赢得了普利策奖，故选C。‎ 考点：考查人物传记类短文阅读 ‎15‎ Breathe, wave and smile. Along with more than 300 other seniors, I marched into the stadium on the afternoon of May 10. The audience burst into deafening cheers. The huge stadium shook with all the whistling and clapping.‎ It was as if a Hollywood superstar had walked on stage. And indeed, every single senior that day was a star of the moment. Each deserved it. The seniors had been preparing for four years for this once-in-a-lifetime moment—the commencement (graduation ceremony).‎ ‎ Seated, I waited anxiously for the opening address. As a foreign exchange student, I was not able to receive a diploma. However, I still had the wonderful feeling of being part of things. Like the other graduates, I was dressed in marron cap and gown.‎ ‎ Our principal, Mr. Glover, delivered a short, warm greeting. The US national anthem followed and then, hands on chests, a solemn Pledge of Allegiance(美国的爱国誓言).‎ ‎ Students who had excelled academically gave farewell speeches. The tears in some eyes convinced me that many had deep feelings about the occasion. It was as the class motto says, “Life brings us tears, smiles and memories. The tears dry; the smiles fade; but the memories last forever.”‎ ‎ Then came the core (the most important part) of the commencement. Hundreds of names were announced. Each graduate walked across the stage to receive his or her diploma from the principal. From the different cheers each graduate got, we had the funny sense that it was a kind of competition of who could cheer the loudest.‎ ‎ To be honest, the presentation of diplomas got boring. A girl sitting next to me even started yawning. But it wasn’t boring for those receiving the diploma: they would treasure the moment the principal placed the sacred brown document in their hands for the rest of their lives.‎ ‎ A new page in the book of that person’s life had turned. They were glimpsing their futures: futures of challenge, hardship, perhaps loneliness too, which would take all of their courage.‎ ‎1. What’s the article mainly about?‎ A. An American high school’s graduation ceremony.‎ B. The opening ceremony of a sports meeting.[]‎ C. A presentation of college diplomas.‎ D. A US college’s farewell party.[]‎ ‎2. Which of the following statements about the author is FALSE?‎ A. She was one of the graduates. ‎ B. She was a foreign exchange student.‎ C. She was excited to receive her diploma. ‎ D. She felt it great to be at the ceremony.‎ ‎3. The right order of the following events is______.‎ a. Diplomas were presented to graduates. ‎ b. Students gave farewell speeches.‎ c. The US national anthem was played. []‎ d. The principal gave a short, warm speech.‎ e. Seniors went into the stadium.‎ A. b,c,a,d,e B. c,d,b,e,a C. d,b,e,a,c D. e,d,c,b,a ‎4. From the text, we can conclude that_______.‎ A. a diploma ensures a good job B. a diploma guarantees a bright future C. the commencement symbolizes the beginning of a new stage in life D. everyone felt excited at the presentation of the diploma ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.A ‎2.C ‎3.D ‎4.C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析： 本文讲述的是在美国一所大学的学位授予典礼上，作为一个交换生的我的感受。‎ ‎1.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句The seniors had been preparing for four years for this once-in-a-lifetime moment—the commencement.说明本文讲述的是在美国一所大学的学位授予典礼上，作为一个交换生的我的感受。故A正确。‎ ‎2.C 推理判断题。根据第六段2,3行From the different cheers each graduate got, we had the funny sense that it was a kind of competition of who could cheer the loudest.说明每一个上台接受毕业证书的学生上台的时候，我们都为之欢呼。故C正确。‎ ‎3.D文章排序题。第一段说明学生先进场，第四段说明校长先讲话，然后是美国国歌；然后是优秀生发表演讲，最后是授予毕业证书，故Ｄ正确。‎ 考点：考查文化类短文阅读。‎ ‎ ‎