江苏省合作联盟2020届高三4月模拟考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

江苏省合作联盟2020届高三4月模拟考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2020 年江苏省合作联盟高考英语模拟试卷(4 月份) 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 7.5 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上. 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题.每段对话仅读一遍. 1.What is the woman doing now？ A. Watching TV. B. Taking part in an activity. C. Preparing for an exam. 2.Where does the conversation probably take place？ A.In an office. B.In a store. C.In a hotel. 3.When will the speakers meet？ A.At 6:20. B.At 6:10. C.At 5:40. 4.In which country does Jane want to spend her holiday？ A.America. B.Korea. C.Japan. 5.What do we know about the woman？ A.She is fired. B.She didn’t work hard. C.She can take a day off tomorrow. 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个项中选出 - 2 - 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍. 6.(1)What could the man be？ A. A taxi driver. B. A policeman. C. A hotel clerk. (2)Where does the woman think she lost her cell phone？ A. In a park. B. In a supermarket. C. On her way to the hotel. 7.(1)Where will The Magic Flute be on this weekend？ A.At the Orpheum theatre. B.At the Caldonion theatre. C.At the Poseidon theatre. (2)What will the man do tonight？ A.Invite Joan to dinner. B.Give Joan a call. C.Buy tickets. 8.(1)What is Isabel’s？ A. A restaurant. B. A toy shop. C. A clothing shop. (2)Who bought an evening dress？ A. Cindy. B. Wendy. C. Mrs. Miles. (3)What will the speakers do first？ A. Refuel the car. B. Go to a party. - 3 - C. Have lunch. 9.(1)What is the man？ A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A student. (2)What is the second point being talked about？ A. The man’s education. B. The man’s marriage. C. The man’s demand. (3)How does the man find the job？ A. Challenging. B. Relaxing. C. Interesting. (4)What will the man do？ A. Have another interview. B. Wait for the reply. C. Think about the business trips. 10.(1)What did the speaker like best？ A. Big Ben. B. Tower Bridge. C. The Tower of London. (2)Where did the speaker take a photo？ A. At Trafalgar Square. B. At Madame Tussauds. C. At the Royal Shakespeare Theater. (3)How old are the houses in Stratford？ A. About 500 years old. B. About 1，000 years old. C. About 2，000 years old. (4)Why does the speaker give the message？ - 4 - A. To introduce his blog. B. To tell about his trip in England. C. To recommend people to visit London. 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分 15 分) 第一节:单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 1. The characterization of this rule's impact is ，to say the least,the critical point for present purposes is put forward. A. controversial B. consistent C. contemporary D. conservative 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条规则的影响的描述是有争议的，至少可以说，提 出了当前目的的关键点。A. controversial 有争议的；引起争论的；B. consistent 始终如 一的；持续的；C. contemporary 同时代的；当代的；D. conservative 保守的；守旧的。根 据句意可知，此处用“有争议的”符合语境，故选 A 项。 2. You can get you want as a gift for your fantastic performance in the final examination for you and your friends. A. whoever B. whichever C. however D. whatever 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：你可以得到你想要的任何礼物，作为你在期末考试中 出色表现的礼物送给你和你的朋友。A.whoever 无论谁；B. whichever 无论哪个；C. however 无论怎样；D. whatever 无论什么。此处 get 后面是宾语从句，从句中 want 后面缺少宾语， 指“想要的任何东西”用 whatever；故选 D。 3. It is amazing to learn that our human beings tend to some knowledge when we are exactly relaxing ourselves，such as diving，swimming and so on. A. take up B. take on C. pick up D. pull through 【答案】C 【解析】 - 5 - 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们人类往往在放松自己的时候学习一 些知识，比如潜水、游泳等等。A.take up 开始；从事；B.take on 承担；呈现；C.pick up 扶起；学会；D.pull through(使)脱离危险； (使)恢复健康。根据 some knowledge 可知， 我们人类往往在放松自己的时候学习一些知识。故 C 项正确. 4. The Nintendo Switch released a game in 1995, and over the past two years, a new system______ its player a chance to play the game better. A. gives B. has given C. would have given D. given 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：任天堂 Switch 游戏机发布了一款 1995 年的游戏，在过去的 两年里，一款新的系统给了玩家更好地玩游戏的机会。根据时间状语 over the past two years 可知这句话使用现在完成时，表示过去两年中一直发生的事情。其基本构成形式是： have/has+done。主语为 a new system，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选 B。 5. Today, the increasing number of genderqueer and trans people, along with the increasingly________ nature of gender presentation and more general discussion about it further complicates the idea. A. flexible B. rigid C. various D. general 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：如今，随着越来越多的同性恋者和变性人，性别表述的灵 活性越来越强，对性别表述的讨论也越来越广泛，使这一想法更加复杂化。A. flexible 灵活 的； B. rigid 死板的；C. various 各种各样的； D. general 普遍的。随着越来越多同 性恋者和变性人的出现，对性别的描述也变得越来越灵活了。故选 A。 6. by a large number of towering complexes，the community attract many people who adore convenient life. A. Having surrounded B. Being surrounded C. Surrounded D. Surrounding 【答案】C 【解析】 - 6 - 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于社区被大量高耸的建筑群所包围，吸引了许多热爱便 捷生活的人们。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 community 和 surround 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，虽然 being surrounded 也表被动，但强调动作正在进行， 句中没有此意，故选 C 项。 7. WiFi also has a place in technologies like 5G and CBRS，which by the year 2020. A. will be widely used B. will have been widely used C. used D. is used 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：WiFi 在 5G 和 CBRS 等技术中也占有一席之地，到 2020 年 将已经被广泛使用。根据句中的时间状语 by the year 2020 可知，空格处应该用将来完成时 态，which 和 use 是被动关系，故表示从现在看在将来某一时间之前完成的被动动作，应用将 来完成时的被动语态。故选 B。 8. As a command of the instructor，the children called out their names . A. in turn B. in return C. at times D. in time 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为老师的命令，孩子们依次喊出他们的名字。A. in turn 依次；轮流地；B. in return 作为回报；C. at times 有时；间或；D. in time 及时。根据 句意可知，此处用短语 in turn“依次”，指孩子依次喊出自己的名字。故选 A 项。 9. the reality，concrete instructions of this machine should be made to larger speeds and feeds. A. Concerning；cater for B. Concerning；allow for C. Considering；apply for D. Considering；allow for - 7 - 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：考虑到实际情况， 该机器的具体说明应考虑 到更大的速度和进料。concerning“关于”，介词；considering“考虑到”，介词； cater for“迎合，提供饮食及服务”，allow for “考虑到”，apply for“申请”；根据句意， 第一空用表示”考虑到实际情况”，应该用介词 considering； 第二空表示在说明机器具体 使用注意点时，要考虑到其他的情况，所以用 allow for。故选 D。 10. These theories have been put into practice， according to offenders should be punished out of respect for the victims they have harmed. A. which B. whose C. who D. what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些理论已经付诸实践，根据这些理论，出于对他们伤害的 受害者的尊重，罪犯应该受到惩罚。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 These theories， 指物，且定语从句中 according to 后面缺少宾语，用 which 引导定语从句。故选 A。 11. When you are ，I will appreciate if you pay in cash. A. checking out； that B. paying off； it C. paying out； / D. checking out； it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析和固定句型。句意：当你结账时，如果你付现金，我将不胜感激。 I will appreciate it if 如果……我将不胜感激，该句型是固定句型，所以第二空格用 it， 排除 A 和 C；pay off 偿清，check out 结账，根据 I will appreciate if you pay in cash 可知这里指结账时，支付现金，故选 D。 12. on the light in the bathroom，or you will experience an unfortunate fall. A. Turn B. Turning C. Being turn D. Having turn 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定结构。句意：打开浴室的灯，否则你会不幸摔倒。根据句意和结构可知这 - 8 - 句话使用“祈使句+and/or+简单句”的结构，or 连接并列句，前面应该是动词原形，构成祈 使句才能成为句子。故选 A。 13. The government agrees that it will provide medicine injections emergencies to children experiencing severe allergic reactions. A. in salute to B. in case of C. in care for D. in return for 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：政府同意在遇到严重过敏反应的儿童出现紧急情况时提 供药物注射。A. in salute to 向……致敬；B. in case of 万一；如果；C. in care for 关心； D. in return for 作为回报。根据句意可知，如果遇到紧急情况，提供药物注射。 故选 B。 【点睛】 14. Some new degree courses will be carried out the current ones，so that students can gain success more easily. A. in respect to B. in terms of C. in contrary to D. in parallel to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些新的学位课程将与现有的课程同步进行，这样学生 就可以更容易地获得成功。A. in respect to 关于； B. in terms of 在……方面；从…… 角度看；根据……来说； C. in contrary to 与……形成对照；D. in parallel to 与…… 同步。根据句意此处用固定短语 in parallel to “与……同步”符合语境，故选 D 项。 15. How about a trip to the beach？ I will ask Tom to go with us. A. You have my word! B. Sorry，I'm occupied. C. Rather! D. Are you kidding？ 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——去海滩旅行怎么样？——我向你保证！我会让 Tom 和我 - 9 - 们一起去。A. You have my word. 我向你保证；B. Sorry，I'm occupied. 抱歉我很忙；C. Rather! 相反；D. Are you kidding？你在开玩笑嘛？根据句意，尤其是 I will ask Tom to go with us“我会请汤姆和我们一起去。”可知回答的人接受了他的提议，故向他保证会带 Tom 一起去。故选 A 项。 第二节:完形填空(共 1 小题；每小题 20 分，满分 20 分) God's Coffee A group of alumni, highly established in their careers, decided to visit their old university professor. They___16___ to walk to the house and on getting into the door, they began chatting with their former professor. ___17___, conversation soon turned into___18___about stress in work and life. Offering his guests coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and___19___ with a large pot of coffee and an assortment of cups-porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some ___20___ looking, some expensive, some exquisite-telling them to help themselves to the ___21___. When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, ''If you ___22___ ， all the nice looking expensive cups were ___23___, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. While it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the ___24___of your problems and stress. Be assured that the cup itself adds no____25____ to the coffee. In most cases it is just more expensive and, in some cases, even ____26____what we drink. What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you____27____went for the best cups…And then you began____28____ each other's cups. '' Now take this into____29____: Life is the coffee; the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools to hold and contain Life, and the type of cup we have does not____30____, nor change the quality of Life we live. Sometimes, by____31____only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee God has provided us. '' So, it is vital for us to learn the importance of ''coffee'' ____32____ the wonderful ''cups'', as it may disturb our____33____. God brews the coffee, not the cups. Enjoy your coffee! ''The happiest people don't have the best of everything. They just make the best of everything. '' Live simply. - 10 - Love generously. Care____34____. Speaking kindly. With all of these things in your mind, you can just leave the____35____ to God. 16. A. got through B. got together C. got up D. got around 17. A. However B. Therefore C. Then D. But 18. A. complaints B. apologies C. discussions D. views 19. A. brought B. carried C. returned D. came 20. A. artificial B. simple C. affordable D. plain 21. A. coffee B. tea C. juice D. food 22. A. got B. knew C. noticed D. found 23. A. pulled up B. picked up C. taken up D. put up 24. A. content B. resource C. source D. supply 25. A. dimension B. equipment C. pleasure D. quality 26. A. fades B. hides C. misses D. abandons 27. A. consciously B. confidentially C. immediately D. preferably 28. A. glaring B. eyeing C. glancing D. regretting 29. A. thought B. considering C. mind D. account 30. A. define B. ruin C. anticipate D. deduce 31. A. looking B. concentrating C. going D. basing 32. A. in reference to B. instead of C. regardless of D. in spite of 33. A. version B. eyesight C. vision D. insight 34. A. timely B. broadly C. wonderfully D. deeply 35. A. coffee B. cup C. fantasy D. rest 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. D 【解析】 - 11 - 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了几个毕业的学生回到大学看望教授，谈论的话题都是对社会的 不满，教授通过几只杯子来表述人生中哲理，很有启发性。 【16 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们聚在一起走到教授家里，一进门，就开始和他们以前的教授 聊天。A. got through 通过；B. got together 聚在一起；C. got up 站起来；D. got around 四处走动。根据上文的 A group of alumni, highly established in their careers 可知这 些人聚在了一起，故选 B 项。 【17 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，谈话很快就变成了对工作和生活压力的抱怨。A. However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Then 那么；D. But 但是。结合上下文可知，此处是转折， however 后面经常使用逗号，而 but 不需要，故选 A 项。 【18 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，谈话很快就变成了对工作和生活压力的抱怨。A. complaints 抱怨；B. apologies 道歉；C. discussions 讨论；D. views 视图。根据下文 that is the (9)of your problems and stress.可知此处用“抱怨”符合语境，故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授走到厨房，回来的时候端着一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子， 瓷器、塑料、玻璃、水晶，有些看起来很普通，有些很贵，有些很精致，让他们随意喝咖啡。 A. brought 带来；B. carried 携带；C. returned 返回；D. came 来。根据上文的 the professor went to the kitchen 可知此处用“返回”符合语境和逻辑，故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教授走到厨房，端上一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子，瓷器、塑 料、玻璃、水晶，有些看起来很普通，有些很贵，有些很精致，让他们随意喝咖啡。A. artificial 人造的；B. simple 简单的；C. affordable 负担得起；D. plain 普通的。根据下文 leaving behind the plain and cheap ones.可知是普通的，plain 是原词复现，故选 D 项 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授走到厨房，端上一大壶咖啡和各种各样的杯子，瓷器、塑料、 玻璃、水晶，有些看起来很普通，有些很贵，有些很精致，让他们随意喝咖啡。A. coffee 咖 啡；B. tea 茶；C. juice 果汁；D. food 食物。根据上文 with a large pot of coffee and an assortment of cups-porcelain 可知是咖啡，coffee 是原词复现，故选 A 项。 - 12 - 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你注意到了，所有好看的昂贵的杯子都被捡起来了，剩下的 是普通的和便宜的杯子。A. got 得到；B. knew 知道；C. noticed 注意到；D. found 找到。 结合上下文可知，此处是教授提醒学生注意眼前发生的事情，故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词短辨析。句意：如果你注意到了，所有好看的昂贵的杯子都被拿起来了，剩下的是 普通的和便宜的杯子。A. pulled up 拉起；B. picked up 捡起来；挑选；C. taken up 占用； D. put up 竖起。根据下文 leaving behind the plain and cheap ones.可知是挑出，故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你只想要最好的东西是正常的，但这是你问题和压力的根源。 A. content 内容；B. resource 资源；C. source 来源；D. supply 供应；根据上下文可知， 此处是指教授认为想要做好的东西正是人们有压力的原因，即压力的来源，故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：请放心，咖啡杯本身不会增加咖啡的质量。A. dimension 尺寸；B. equipment 设备；C. pleasure 愉快；D. quality 质量。根据下文 nor change the quality of Life we live.可知是质量，quality 是原词复现，故选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，它只是更贵，在某些情况下甚至隐藏了我们喝 的东西。A. fades 褪色；B. hides 隐藏；C. misses 错过；D. abandons 放弃。根据下文的 What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup,可知咖啡杯有时会隐藏我们喝 的东西，故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但你有意识地去拿最好的杯子。A. consciously 有意识地；B. confidentially 保密地；C. immediately 立即；D. preferably 最好是。结合上下文可知， 此处是指人们都会下意识地去拿最好的杯子，故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后你开始盯着对方的杯子。A. glaring 怒目而视；B. eyeing 注 视；审视；C. glancing 瞥一眼；D. regretting 后悔。结合上下文可知，此处是指每个人 拿了自己认为最好的杯子后，会盯着别人的杯子，去比较谁的更好，故选 B 项。 - 13 - 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在考虑一下：生活就是咖啡；工作、金钱和社会地位就是杯子。 A. thought 思想；B. considering 考虑；C. mind 思想；D. account 账户。根据句意可知， 此处考查固定短语 take sth. into account“考虑”，故选 D 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有的杯子的类型并没有定义，也没有改变我们生活的质量。 A. define 定义；B. ruin 毁灭；C. anticipate 预料；D. deduce 推断。根据上文的 They are just tools to hold and contain Life 可知杯子本身并没有定义，故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，只专注于杯子，我们无法享受上帝给我们的咖啡。A. looking 看；B. concentrating 集中；C. going 继续；D. basing 以……为基础。根据下文的 we fail to enjoy the coffee God has provided us.可知，因为只专注于杯子，让我们不能享受咖 啡，故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，我们必须了解“咖啡”的重要性，而不是美妙的“杯子”， 因为它可能会扰乱我们的洞察力。A.in reference to 关于；B. instead of 而不是；C. regardless of 不管；D. in spite of 尽管。根据上文 by(16)only on the cup,we fail to enjoy the coffee God has provided us 可知此处用“而不是”符合语境，故选 B 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们必须了解“咖啡”的重要性，而不是美妙的“杯子”， 因为它可能会扰乱我们的洞察力。A. version 版本；B. eyesight 视力；C. vision 愿景；D. insight 洞察力。结合上下文可知，此处是只专注于杯子会扰乱人们的洞察力，故选 D 项。 【34 题详解】 考查副词义辨析。句意：；简单地生活。慷慨地爱。深切地关心。A. timely 及时；B. broadly 广义地；C. wonderfully 奇妙地；D. deeply 深深地。根据上文的 Live simply. Love generously.可知此处用“深切地”符合语境，故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这些，将其他的留给上帝。A. coffee 咖啡；B. cup 杯子；C. fantasy 幻想；D. rest 其他；其余。根据上文的 With all of these things in your mind 可知，我们只需要以上的几种品质，其余的事情交给上帝，故选 D 项。 - 14 - 第三部分:阅读理解(共 15 小题； 每小题 2 分， 满分 30 分) A ☆America’s Living Natural History Museum ●On March 1, 1872, Yellowstone became the first national park for all to enjoy the unique hydrothermal wonders. As development spread across the West, the 2.2 million acres of habitat within the park became an important sanctuary for the largest concentration of wildlife in the lower 48 states. ☆Things you can do ●An amazing experience awaits you here. Yellowstone is a seasonal park, so plan your visit by learning about the current conditions, operating seasons and hours, road conditions, lodging and eating options, and available activities. ●Hike a trail: Lace up your boots, grab your bear spray, and explore nearly 1,000 miles of trails. ●Watch wild life:Bring some binoculars or a spotting scope and enjoy animals from a safe distance. ●Take photos:Best practices & tips for shooting in Yellowstone. ●Bike in the park:Enjoy the scenery on two wheels. ●Ride a horse:Bring your own stock or take a guided ride. Contact the park! We welcome all of you to come to Yellowstone. Mailing Address:PO Box 168 Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190﹣0168 Phone:307 ﹣344﹣7381 36. According to the paragraph above, what cannot you do in the park？ A. use scope to watch animals in a distance that will not bother animals. B. experience different scenery in different seasons. C. lace up your boots, and try to take photos with bears if you can. D. enjoy a horse ride under guidance. 37. What is the main purpose for the author to write this article？ A. to appeal to more tourists to Yellowstone. B. to give the readers fundamental information about Yellowstone. - 15 - C. to answer the government’s call. D. to give tourists some tips on travelling in Yellowstone. 【答案】36. C 37. A 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。本文章主要介绍了美国的黄石公园，并对游客们能在公园内进行的活动进 行了说明，目的在于吸引游客们前往参观、游玩。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Things you can do 部分中 Hike a trail: Lace up your boots, grab your bear spray, and explore nearly 1,000 miles of trails.可知徒步旅行：系好你的 靴子，拿上你的防熊喷雾，探索近 1000 英里的小径。由此可知，你并不能试图和熊合影，而 是在徒步的过程中注意熊的出没，保证自己的安全，故选 C。 【37 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 On March 1, 1872, Yellowstone became the first national park for all to enjoy the unique hydrothermal wonders. As development spread across the West, the 2.2 million acres of habitat within the park became an important sanctuary for the largest concentration of wildlife in the lower 48 states.可知 1872 年 3 月 1 日，黄石公园成为第一个让所有人都能欣赏到独特的热液奇观的国家公园。随着开发向西部 扩展，公园内 220 万英亩的栖息地成为美国本土 48 个州中最大的野生动物聚集地的重要避难 所。结合本文章主要是作者介绍了美国的黄石公园，并对游客们能在公园内进行的活动进行 了说明，由此可知，文章的目的在于吸引游客们前往参观、游玩。故选 A。 B We’ve all been there. You’re around new people and you just want to impress them. It can be easy to pretend you know about movies, politics, or science just to get through an awkward situation. But contrary to what feels most natural, a new series of five studies from Pepperdine University shows that those who can admit when they don’t know something tend to actually have more knowledge. If you want to make those people think you’re smart, maybe the best thing to say is “I don’t know.” For the study, which was led by Elizabeth Krumrei-Mancuso, the team of researchers - 16 - had one question: Is there a knowledge benefit to admitting intellectual fallibility? To find out, they ran not one, not two, but five separate experiments. They engaged nearly 1,200 participants in their study, and evaluated them using a number of questionnaires testing their cognitive abilities, measuring their own predictions of their cognitive abilities, and, of course, rating their levels of intellectual humility. For that last part, they used different methods in different studies to get a more well﹣rounded set of results. One IH survey used eight questions to assess participants on two elements: the “Knowing﹣It﹣All” subscale, which judged their attitudes of intellectual superiority, and the “Intellectual Openness” subscale, which assessed how open they were to learning from others. In other studies, they used the 22-question “Comprehensive Intellectual Humility Scale,” which assesses participants on four elements: independence of intellect and ego, openness to revising one’s viewpoint, respect for others’ viewpoints, and lack of intellectual overconfidence. The five studies were used to examine past learning, thinking styles, traits, and motivations. What the researchers may agree is that the best thing to remember is that curiosity seems to be a good thing. The world is big, and it’s impossible to know everything. At your next dinner party, ask questions and admit your own cluelessness. It might make you a little less clueless next time. 38. Why did Elizabeth Krumrei-Mancuso led the study？ A. to find out whether admitting that you don’t know something is beneficial. B. to find the certain benefit of admitting intellectual disability. C. to compare the modest people with proud people. D. to stress the importance of curiosity. 39. From the article, we can learn that . A. we all tend to pretend we have a good command of knowledge. B. the study engaged over 1,200 participants in their study. C. ”I don’t know” may be a good answer to people who ask you if you are clever. D. a number of questionnaires are used to test participants’ cognitive humility. - 17 - 40. What is the best title of the article？ A. Be yourself! B. Admitting your fallibility! C. Express your drawbacks! D. Let curiosity lead you! 【答案】38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验，证明了承认错误和不足，可能会让别 人认为你很聪明。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 For the study, which was led by Elizabeth Krumrei-Mancuso, the team of researchers had one question: Is there a knowledge benefit to admitting intellectual fallibility? To find out, they ran not one, not two, but five separate experiments.可知在这项由 Elizabeth Krumrei-Mancuso 领导的研究中，研究团队有一个问 题：承认自己不知道的事是否对知识有好处？为了找到答案，他们进行了不是一个，也不是 两个，而是五个独立的实验。由此可知，可知 Elizabeth Krumrei﹣Mancuso 领导这项研究是 为了找出承认自己不知道的事情是否有益。故选 A。 【39 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 If you want to make those people think you’re smart, maybe the best thing to say is “I don’t know.”可知如果你想让那些人觉得你很聪明，最好 说“我不知道”。由此可知，对于那些问你是否聪明的人，“我不知道”可能是一个很好的 答案。故选 C。 【40 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段 We’ve all been there. You’re around new people and you just want to impress them. It can be easy to pretend you know about movies, politics, or science just to get through an awkward situation. But contrary to what feels most natural, a new series of five studies from Pepperdine University shows that those who can admit when they don’t know something tend to actually have more knowledge. If you want to make those people think you’re smart, maybe the best thing to say is “I don’t know.”可知我们都在那里。你周围都是新朋友，你只想给他们留下深刻印象。 假装你了解电影、政治或科学只是为了度过一个尴尬的局面是很容易的。但是，与人们感觉 最自然的情况相反，佩珀代因大学一项由五人组成的新系列研究表明，那些能够承认自己不 - 18 - 懂某事的人往往拥有更多的知识。如果你想让那些人觉得你很聪明，最好说“我不知道”。 结合文章主要介绍了研究人员通过实验，证明了承认错误和不足，可能会让别人认为你很聪 明。由此可知，B 选项“承认你不知道!”最合适作为标题。故选 B。 C What’s the deadliest animal? Trick question. Sure, the shark in Jaws is terrifying — but you’re way more likely to be killed by the animals you see every day. That’s according to a study published in February in the journal Wilderness & Environmental Medicine. Don’t Sweat the Scary Stuff The study looked at mortality data in the United States from 2008 to 2015 and compared the number of deaths caused by animals to a 2012 study that looked at the same elements in prior years. In this new study, researchers found a total of 1,610 animal-related deaths in the U.S., including deaths as a result of bites, contact, attack, or envenomation (venom injection). The majority of those deaths were related to nonvenomous animals, coming out to about 2.8 deaths per million people. Surprisingly, most of the fatalities they found weren’t related to wild animal attacks: The largest proportion of animal deaths were caused by large mammals, especially horses and cattle. According to a press release, other studies have found that most of these deaths occur on the farm, and accidents with horses and cattle account for a whopping 90 percent of farm accidents. The next largest group of animal-related fatalities were caused by a group called Hymenoptera, or hornets, wasps, and bees, accounting for just under 30 percent of the reported fatalities. According to the press release, “Africanized” honeybees, which are found most often in the southern and western U.S., can be particularly lethal when they swarm. The third largest group? Man’s best friend: dog﹣related fatalities occurred at a rate of about 4.6 deaths per 10 million people. The study showed that young children are most vulnerable: The rate of children under age four killed by dogs was twice as high as the next most vulnerable age group, people older than 65, and four times as high as other age groups. - 19 - “The most common animal﹣related fatalities are from large mammals, like cattle or horses, but when you’re looking at attacks from wild animals only, the most common cause of death are due to venomous animals, like wasps or bees,” lead investigator Dr. Jared A. Forrester told CNN in an interview about the 2012 study. “I think people have in their mind that the most dangerous animals are cougars, bears or alligators, but a bee is more dangerous if a person is sensitive to its poisoning components.” Protect Yourself So how can you minimize your risk? Part of it may be due to your location and age group: the 2012 study found that people in the South experienced about 47 percent of all animal-related attacks in the U.S., Dr. Christopher Holstege, one of the authors, told CNN. In addition, infants and young children up to four years of age are most vulnerable, he said—especially when it comes to dog bites. Researchers recommend more public health initiatives and awareness to help prevent farm fatalities. As for bees and hornets, it helps to be aware of your allergies, carry an EpiPen, and try to avoid provoking bees. As far as dogs go, your best bet is to not leave them alone with the very young or the very old. But still, there isn’t too much reason to worry. “In many ways, the data is pretty reassuring,” Forrester told CNN. “The most common cause of death are not the scariest things, necessarily, but they are the most common interactions we have with farm animals and they are preventable.” 41. What’s the function of the “shark in Jaws” mentioned in paragraph one? A. To attract readers’ attention and introduce the topic. B. To explain to readers the danger of sharks. C. To compare sharks with animals that are dangerous around our daily life. D. To highlight the unnoticed danger of animals in everyday life. 42. What’s the underlined word “venomous” mean? A. small B. poisonous C. dangerous D. devil 43. What can we learn from the article? A. Bees are the most dangerous insects you may ever encounter. B. People who are allergic to bees can hardly survive if they’re not treated - 20 - immediately. C. There is no worry about the danger of daily animals. D. People in the South experienced nearly half of animal attacks in the U.S. 44. What may be the best title of the article? A. The deadliest animal in your life. B. The danger of small insects. C. The ignored killers. D. New risk of being killed by small animals. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。一项研究得出结论，人们更有可能被每天看到的动物杀死。该研究查看了 美国 2008 年至 2015 年的死亡数据，并将动物造成的死亡数量与 2012 年的一项研究进行了比 较。他们发现了三大与动物有关的人类死亡情况，分别是大型哺乳动物、昆虫、以及狗，并 就如何将被动物致死的风险降低提出了一些建议。 【41 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中 Sure, the shark in Jaws is terrifying — but you’re way more likely to be killed by the animals you see every day.可知当然，《大白鲨》中的鲨鱼 很可怕——但你更有可能被你每天看到的动物杀死。由此可推知，作者提到《大白鲨》中的 鲨鱼，是为了将鲨鱼和我们日常生活中的危险动物作比较。故选 C。 【42 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文 animals, like wasps or bees 以及下文中 a bee is more dangerous if a person is sensitive to its poisoning components.(如果人对蜜蜂的有 毒成分敏感，那么蜜蜂就更危险)由此可知，黄蜂或蜜蜂是有毒的动物，故划线词意思是“有 毒的”。A. small 小的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. dangerous 危险的；D. devil 邪恶的。 故选 B。 【43 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中 Part of it may be due to your location and age group: the 2012 study found that people in the South experienced about 47 percent of all animal-related attacks in the U.S., Dr. Christopher Holstege, one of the authors, told CNN.可知部分原因可能与你的地理位置和年龄有关：Christopher Holstege 博士是研究 报告的作者之一，他告诉 CNN ，2012 年的研究发现，在美国所有与动物有关的袭击中，有 47% - 21 - 发生在南方。由此可知，美国南方的人有接近一半经历过动物袭击。故选 D。 【44 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段 What’s the deadliest animal? Trick question. Sure, the shark in Jaws is terrifying — but you’re way more likely to be killed by the animals you see every day. That’s according to a study published in February in the journal Wilderness & Environmental Medicine.可知最致命的动物是什么？技巧的问题。当然，《大 白鲨》中的鲨鱼很可怕——但你更有可能被你每天看到的动物杀死。这是根据二月份发表在 《荒野与环境医学》杂志上的一项研究得出的结论。结合文章主要介绍一些动物很危险，我 们经常会受到身边动物的袭击。由此可知 A 选项“你生活中最致命的动物”是文章最好的标 题。故选 A。 C The count was examining the weapons, when his study door opened, and Baptistin entered, making a sign to him, and went out, closing the door after him.”Who are you, madame?” said the count to the veiled woman ①. The woman cast one look around her, to be certain that they were quite alone; then bending as if she would have knelt, and joining her hands, she said with an accent of despair, “Edmond, you will not kill my son?” The count retreated a step, uttered a slight exclamation ②. “What name did you pronounce then, Madame de Morcerf?” said he. “Yours!” cried she, throwing back her veil,” yours, which I alone, perhaps, have not forgotten. Edmond, it is not Madame de Morcerf who is come to you, it is Mercédès.” “Mercédès is dead, madame,” said the count; “I know no one now of that name.” “Mercédès lives, sir, and she needs not to inquire what hand has dealt the blow which now strikes M.de Morcerf.” “Fernand, do you mean?” replied the count, with bitter irony; “since we are recalling names, let us remember them all.” the count had pronounced the name of Fernand with such an expression of hatred that Mercédès felt a thrill of horror run through every vein. “You see, Edmond, I am not mistaken, and have cause to say, ‘Spare - 22 - my son!’” “And who told you, madame, that I have any hostile intentions against your son?” “No one, in truth; but a mother has twofold sight. I guessed all; I followed him this evening and have seen all.” “If you have seen all, madame, you know that the son of Fernand has publicly insulted me,” said the count with awful calmness. “Oh, for pity’s sake! my son has also guessed who you are, he attributes his father’s misfortunes to you.” “Madame, you are mistaken, they are not misfortunes, it is a punishment. It is not I who strike M. de Morcerf; it is providence which punishes him.” The count took out a letter with his hands which proved his innocence and Fernand’s sin. “That is what I heard on leaving my prison fourteen years after I had entered it; and that is why, on account of the living Mercédès and my father, I have sworn to revenge myself on Fernand, andI have revenged myself.” “And you are sure the unhappy Fernand did that？” “I am satisfied, madame, that he did what I have told you; besides, that is not much more odious than that a Frenchman by adoption should pass over to the English; that a Spaniard by birth should have fought against the Spaniards; that a stipendiary of Ali should have betrayed and murdered Ali. Compared with such things, what is the letter you have just read？a deception! Well, the French did not avenge themselves on the traitor, the Spaniards did not shoot the traitor, Ali in his tomb left the traitor unpunished; but I, betrayed, sacrificed, buried, have risen from my tomb, by the grace of God, to punish that man, and here I am.” The poor woman’s head and arms fell; her legs bent under her, and she fell on her knees. “Forgive, Edmond, forgive for my sake, who love you still!” “Not crush that accursed race?” murmured he; “abandon my purpose at the moment of its accomplishment？ Impossible, madame, impossible!” “Edmond,” said the poor mother, who tried every means, “when I call you Edmond, why do you not call me Mercédès？” - 23 - “Mercédès!” repeated the count ③, “Mercédès! Well yes, you are right; Mercédès, I have uttered your name with the sigh of melancholy, with the groan of sorrow, with the last effort of despair; I have uttered it, consumed with heat, rolling on the stone floor of my prison. Mercédès, I must revenge myself, for I suffered fourteen years,fourteen years I wept, I cursed; now I tell you, Mercédès, I must revenge myself.” “Revenge yourself, then, Edmond,” cried the poor mother; “but let your vengeance fall on the culprits,on him, on me, but not on my son!” “God said that the sins of the fathers shall fall upon their children to the third and fourth generation. Since God himself dictated those words to his prophet, why should I seek to make myself better than God？” “Edmond,” continued Mercédès, with her arms extended towards the count, “since I first knew you, I have adored your name, have respected your memory.But I have thought you must be dead! What could I do for you, Edmond, besides pray and weep？ Edmond, for ten years I saw every night every detail of that frightful tragedy, and for ten years I heard every night the cry which awoke me, shuddering and cold. And I, too, Edmondoh! believe meguilty as I wasoh, yes, I, too, have suffered much!” “Have you known what it is to have your father starve to death in your absence？” cried the count, ④thrusting his hands into his hair”have you seen the woman you loved giving her hand to your rival, while you were dying？” “No,” interrupted Mercédès, “but I have seen him whom I loved on the point of murdering my son.” Mercédès uttered these words with such deep anguish, with an accent of such intense despair, that the count could not restrain a sob. The lion was daunted; the avenger was conquered. 45. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph two？ A. she was desperate to regain the count’s love. B. she was anxious about her son’s safety. C. she was fear that the count would kill Mr de Morcerf. D. she managed to gam her courage to speak to the count who is in a cold manner. 46. From the count’s words “Mercédès is dead” in paragraph three,the count wanted - 24 - to convey that . A. he no longer loved Mercédès. B. he had sought that Mercédès had already died after his revenge. C. he was disappoint about Mercédès’s behavior after he was arrested. D. he didn’t want the Mercédès in his mind lose luster. 47. What can we infer from the article？ A. Mercédès actually knew the reason for the count’s being arrested. B. the “Edmond” in the article is the count’s false name. C. Mr.de Morcerf, actually Fernand, did a lot of things of betrayal. D. Mercédès still loves the count while the count doesn’t. 48. Where should sentence “letting fall the gun he held” be placed？ A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④ 49. Why does the count mention that his father starve to death in his absence？ A. to give himself the source of revenge. B. to point out the sin of Mercédès. C. to explain the reason for killing Mr.de Morcerf. D. to convey his remaining love to Mercédès. 50. What may happen in the following chapters？ A. the count killed Mr.de Morcerf. B. the count abandon the idea of revenge. C. the count gave up the idea of killing Mercédès’s son. D. the count lost his life because of Mercédès. 【答案】45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. C 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了 Mercédès 去找 Edmond 恳求他不要伤 害她的儿子，爱德华说出了当年费尔南多的背叛，最终被她说服，放弃复仇。 【45 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 The woman cast one look around her, to be certain that they were quite alone; then bending as if she would have knelt, and joining her hands, she said with an accent of despair, “Edmond, you will not kill my son?”可知那妇 人向四周看了一眼，确定没有其他人；然后，她弯下腰，好像要跪下来似的，双手合十，带 - 25 - 着绝望的腔调说：“Edmond，你不会杀我的儿子吧?”由此可知，划线句子表明她担心她儿子 的安全。故选 B。 【46 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Mercédès is dead, madame,” said the count; “I know no one now of that name.”可知 “Mercédès 死了，夫人，”伯爵说，”我现在不认识这个名字 的人了。”联系下文女人的离开，由此可知，从第三段中伯爵所说的“Mercédès 死了”中， 伯爵想表达的是他在被捕后对 Mercédès 的行为感到失望。故选 C。 【47 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第十四段中 but I, betrayed, sacrificed, buried, have risen from my tomb, by the grace of God, to punish that man, and here I am.可知但是我，被背叛、 牺牲、埋葬的人，凭着上帝的恩典，从我的坟墓里站起来惩罚那个男人，而我就在这里。由 此可知，德马尔塞夫先生，实际上是费尔南多，做了很多背叛的事情。故选 C。 【48 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 thrusting his hands into his hair” have you seen the woman you loved giving her hand to your rival, while you were dying？可知他把手双 手插在他的头发上，“你见过你爱的女人在你临死时把她的手交给你的对手吗？”结合最后 一段表明他放弃了复仇，说明他被说服了，放下了手里的枪。由此可推知，“放下他手中的 枪”这一句应该放在④。故选 D。 【49 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Have you known what it is to have your father starve to death in your absence？” cried the count, ④thrusting his hands into his hair” have you seen the woman you loved giving her hand to your rival, while you were dying？” 可知“你知道在你不在的时候让你父亲饿死是什么滋味吗？”伯爵喊道，双手插在他的头发 上，“你见过你爱的女人在你临死时把她的手交给你的对手吗？”由此可推知，可知伯爵提 到他父亲在他不在的时候饿死了给自己复仇的源泉。故选 A。 【50 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 The lion was daunted; the avenger was conquered.可知狮 子被吓住了，复仇者被征服了。由此可推知，接下来伯爵打消了杀 Mercédès 儿子的念头。故 选 C。 第四部分:任务型阅读共 1 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 10 分) - 26 - 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注 意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。 Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature (过 早的)death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 percent. A 2010 meta﹣analysis showed that loneliness has twice as much impact on early death as obesity does, he said. The researchers looked at dramatic differences in the rate of decline in physical and mental health as people aged. Cacioppo and his colleagues have examined the role of satisfying relationships on older people to develop their resilience ([rɪˈzɪliəns] 快速恢复的能力；适应力), the ability to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, and grow from stresses in life. The consequences for health are dramatic, as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol ([‘kɔ:tɪsɒl] 皮质醇), change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well﹣being, Cacioppo pointed out in a talk, “ Rewarding Social Connections Promote Successful Aging.” Cacioppo, one of the nation’s leading experts on loneliness, said older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends ﹣ all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them. ”Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo. Population changes make understanding the role of loneliness and health all the more important,he explained. “People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early - 27 - death. “ Although some people are happy to be alone, most people develop from social situations in which they provide mutual support and establish a strong bond. Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone. It is not solitude (独处)or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them. Some aspects of aging, such as blindness and loss of hearing, however, place people at special risk of becoming isolated and lonely, he said. Passage outline Supporting details The main idea Chances are that older people will die early if they feel extremely ___51___. ___52___ with loneliness • Like disadvantaged socioeconomic status and obesity, loneliness can ___53___ old men’s premature death. • When ___54___ from others, one will find physical health impacted and tend to feel depressive and unhappy. Suggestions • Keep in touch with others and take part in ___55___ activities. • Choosing to live in a pleasant climate don’t necessarily make sense if the elder are disconnected from people who are ___56___ to them. • Think about how to___57___ depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death. • Work together with others to ___58___, to gain mutual support and establish a strong bond. Conclusions • The sense of isolation, rather than solitude or physical isolation itself, isn’t ___59___to elders. • Living alone doesn’t mean loneliness if older people live an ____60____ - 28 - social life. 【答案】51. lonely 52. Troubles/Problems 53. cause 54. isolated/separated 55. social 56. important/significant 57. avoid 58. survive 59. beneficial 60. active 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。根据最新的研究，感到极度孤独会使老年人过早死亡的几率增加 14%。文章 主要是介绍了孤独对人的危害。 【51 题详解】 考查形容词。根据第一段 Feeling extreme loneliness can increase an older person’s risk of premature death by 14 percent, according to research by John Cacioppo, professor of psychology at the University of Chicago.可知根据芝加哥大学心理学教授 John Cacioppo 的研究，感到极度孤独会使老年人过早死亡的风险增加 14%。由此可知，如果老年人感到极度 孤独，他们很可能会早死。此处应填形容词 lonely，作表语，表示“孤独的，孤单的”。故 填 lonely。 【52 题详解】 考查名词的数。根据二、三、四段的内容以及表格右边内容可知，这里表示孤独会产生的一 些问题。根据空后的介词 with 可知，表示“麻烦，问题”应填名词复数 troubles/ problems。 单词首字母要大写。故填 Troubles/Problems。 【53 题详解】 考查动词。根据第二段中 Cacioppo and his colleagues’ work shows that the impact of loneliness on premature death is nearly as strong as the impact of disadvantaged socioeconomic status, which they found increases the chances of dying early by 19 - 29 - percent.可知卡奇奥波和他的同事的研究表明，孤独对早逝的影响几乎与社会经济地位低下 的影响一样强烈，他们发现社会经济地位低下会使早逝的几率增加 19%。由此可知，与社会经 济地位低下和肥胖一样，孤独也会导致老年人过早死亡。表示“造成”应填动词 cause，且 can 后跟动词原形。故填 cause。 【54 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。根据第四段中 as feeling isolated or separated from others can disturb sleep, elevate blood pressure, increase morning rises in the stress hormone cortisol, change the gene expression in immune cells, increase depression and lower overall subjective well-being 可知当感觉被孤立或与他人分离时，会影响睡眠、升高血压、增加压 力荷尔蒙皮质醇的早晨含量、改变免疫细胞的基因表达、增加抑郁感并降低整体的主观幸福 感。由此可知，当与他人隔离时，一个人会发现自己的身体健康受到影响，容易感到抑郁和 不快乐。此处为过去分词作状语，表示“隔绝的，隔离的”应用 isolated/separated。故填 isolated/separated。 【55 题详解】 考查形容词。根据第五段中 older people can avoid the consequences of loneliness by staying in touch with former co﹣workers, taking part in family traditions, and sharing good times with family and friends —all of which give older adults a chance to connect with others about whom they care and who care about them.可知老年人可 以避免孤独的后果与前工作同事保持联系，参与家庭传统，并与家人和朋友分享美好时光-所 有这些都给老年人一个机会与他们关心的人和关心他们的人联系。作者建议老年人多与之前 的同事联系，参加传统的家庭活动，与家人和朋友分享好时光，即鼓励老年人积极参加社交 活动。由此可知，此处建议是与他人保持联系，参加社会活动。修饰后文 activities 应用形 容词 social，表示“社交的”。故填 social。 【56 题详解】 考查形容词。根据第六段中“Retiring to Florida to live in a warmer climate among strangers isn’t necessarily a good idea if it means you are disconnected from the people who mean much to you,” said Cacioppo.可知 Cacioppo 说：“退休到佛罗里达， 住在气候更温暖的陌生人中间，不一定是个好主意，因为这意味着你与那些对你意义重大的 人失去了联系。”由此可知，如果老年人与对他们重要的人失去联系，那么选择住在气候宜 人的地方就没有意义了。此处作表语，表示“重要的”应填形容词 important/significant。 - 30 - 故填 important/significant。 【57 题详解】 考查动词。根据第六段中 People have to think about how to protect themselves from depression, low subjective well﹣being and early death.可知人们必须考虑如何保护自 己不受抑郁，低主观幸福感和早逝。由此可知，思考如何避免抑郁，低主观幸福感和早逝。 此处表示“避免”应用动词 avoid，且为“疑问词+不定式”结构，故应用动词原形。故填 avoid。 【58 题详解】 考查动词。根据倒数第二段中 Evolution encourages people to work together to survive and accordingly most people enjoy companionship compared to be alone.可知进化鼓励 人们为了生存而一起工作，因此大多数人喜欢伴侣而不是独处。由此可知，与他人一起工作， 为了生存，获得相互支持，建立牢固的纽带。表示“生存”应用 survive，且结合上文 Work together with others to 可知为不定式，应填动词原形。故填 survive。 【59 题详解】 考查形容词。根据最后一段中 It is not solitude or physical isolation itself, but rather the subjective sense of isolation that Cacioppo’s work shows to be so destructive. 可知 Cacioppo 的作品中所表现出来的那种主观的孤立感是如此具有破坏性，而不是孤独或身 体上的孤立本身。由此可知，孤立感，而不是孤独或身体孤立本身，对老年人是不利的。此 处作表语，表示“有益的”应用形容词 beneficial。故填 beneficial。 【60 题详解】 考查形容词。根据最后一段中 Older people living alone are not necessarily lonely if they remain actively engaged in social life and enjoy the company of those around them.可知独自生活的老年人并不一定感到孤独，如果他们仍然积极参与社会生活，并享受周 围人的陪伴。由此可知，如果老年人过着活跃的社交生活，独居并不意味着孤独。修饰后文 social life，表示“活跃的”应用形容词 active，作定语。故填 active。 第五部分:写作(共 1 小题； 满分 25 分) 61. When was the last time you had fun with your parents? Your parents are all busy during working days; during the weekends, you may want to hang out with them but they may have to work extra hours. This is not uncommon. In China, both of the parents have their jobs. Most of - 31 - the parents try their best to offer their children comfortable circumstances, but they seldom have time to stay with their children. A recent survey done in the US found that more than half of American parents spend less than three hours having fun with their children each week. As the Daily Mail noted: Families are spending little quality time creating bonds and precious memories together during the week because of the demands of modern life. 【写作内容】 1.用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容； 2. 简要分析父母陪伴孩子的时间越来越少的原因； 3. 结合自己的经历，谈谈父母多陪伴孩子对其孩子的影响。 【写作要求】 1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3. 不必写标题。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ - 32 - ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________ ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, it is not uncommon that parents spend little time accompanying their children, which may result from the demands of modern life and some other reasons. （26 There are many factors accounting for this phenomenon. First, in contemporary society parents are facing more stress from living and work than before, so they have to spend most of their time making money. In addition, parents today are more easily distracted by various electronic products when keeping their children company. Take my own experience for example. Once upon a time, I got into trouble in my studies. It was my parents’ company and comfort that had a great effect on my regaining self-confidence. Plain and peaceful as it was, this experience left an unforgettable impression on me, which is of great significance to my growth.（134） 【解析】 考生首先要认真阅读前面的英文提示和汉语提示，认真审题，确定文章的中心，用最简练的 语言概括文章的大意。然后再根据文章内容发表自己的观点。内容包括：1. 简要分析父母陪 伴孩子的时间越来越少的原因；2. 结合自己的经历，谈谈父母多陪伴孩子对其孩子的影响。 写作时要点要全面包括，不能有遗漏和省略。审题时注意本文使用一般现在时，描述要尽量 选择简洁的语言，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出来。同时注意谋篇布局 的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。难 点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。 【亮点说明】所给范文语言简洁，应用了一些较好的句子：it is not uncommon that…使用 了主语从句；which may result from…和 which is of great significance to my growth 使用了定语从句；accounting for this phenomenon 是现在分词作定语；when keeping their - 33 - children company 使用了状语从句的省略；It was my parents’ company and comfort that… 使用了强调句型。文章还应用了较多的高级词汇和短语：contemporary；distracted ； electronic products；Take my own experience for example；had a great effect on； unforgettable impression；of great significance 等等。 - 34 -