2019届一轮复习人教版选修7Unit5Travelingabroad单元学案（33页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修7Unit5Travelingabroad单元学案（33页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修7Unit5Traveling abroad单元学案 ‎1. 了解中国学生在出国旅游和留学时遇到的文化冲突，树立挑战新生活的信心，感受外国文化及人文气息。‎ ‎2. 了解美国的多元文化特征，培养跨文化交际意识；通过对加州移民的深入了解认识到?°美国是民族的熔炉?±。‎ ‎3. 了解克隆技术的优缺点，学会表达和支持个人观点。‎ 一、重点单词需牢记 ‎1. recommend vt. 推荐；建议 recommend sb.＝ recommend...to sb. 向某人推荐，介绍 recommend sb. for 推荐某人做?-?-‎ recommend sb. as 推荐某人为?-?-‎ recommend sth. for 推荐某物做某种用途 recommend doing 建议做?-?-‎ recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that... 建议…… ‎ The teacher recommended us to read the novel.‎ ‎＝ The teacher recommended that we (should) read the novel.‎ 老师建议我们读一下这本小说。 ‎ recommend，suggest，request，demand，urge，propose，prefer，advise，insist，require，order，command等词所在的名词性从句，以及它们的过去分词所在的?°It is/was＋过去分词＋主语从句?±等结构中的谓语动词用should do形式，should可省略。‎ ‎2. comfort n. 舒适；安慰 vt. 安慰 ‎ comfort...with 以?-?-安慰；以?-?-使舒适 comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人 give comfort to(sb.) 安慰(某人)‎ take/have/find comfort (in...) (从?-?-中)得到安慰 ‎ You are a great comfort to your parents. ‎ 你是你父母最大的安慰。‎ comfortable adj. 安乐的；合适的；令人感到安慰的；惬意的 be comfortable about/with sth. 对某事感到轻松/惬意 ‎ ‎3. substitute n. 代替者；代用品 vt. 用?-?-代替?-?-‎ a substitute for sth. 某物的代替者(代用品)‎ substitute A for B＝substitute B with/by A 用A代替B substitute for 代替　　We use honey as a substitute for sugar. We recommend this brand as a good__substitute__．‎ ‎¡é?史密斯先生代替了那位生病的老师。 ‎ Mr. Smith__substituted__for__the teacher who was sick. ‎ 我们用蜂蜜作糖的替代品。 ‎ We must substitute a new chair for the broken one. ‎ 我们的这把破椅子得换新的了。 ‎ substitution n. 代替；替换 ‎ ‎4. acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢 ‎ acknowledge sth. 承认某事 acknowledge doing sth. 承认做了某事 acknowledge that... 承认?-?-‎ acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as承认某事/某人是?-?-‎ acknowledge help 对帮助表示感谢 It's generally acknowledged that... ?-?-是大家公认的 McCain acknowledged having been defeated in the US presidential election. 　‎ 麦凯恩承认在美国总统大选中失败了。‎ He is widely acknowledged as the best singer in the world.‎ 普遍认为他是世界上的最佳歌手。‎ He acknowledged that he had done wrong. 他承认他做过错事。‎ acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 in acknowledgement of 以感谢?-?- ‎ ‎5. contradict vt. 反驳；反斥； 否认；与?-?-矛盾 contradict oneself自相矛盾 ‎ contradict sth.同?-?-矛盾，同?-?-抵触 Your actions contradict your declared moral principles.‎ 你的行为违背了你宣称的道德准则。‎ I'm sorry to contradict with you, but I didn't say that.‎ 很抱歉与你的意见相左，但我没有说过那样的话。‎ contradiction n. 矛盾；反驳 contradictory adj. 相矛盾的 ‎ in contradiction with与?-?-矛盾着，与?-?-相抵触 ‎6. occupy vt. 占用；占领；占据 ‎ be occupied with 忙着做?-?-；忙于某事物 keep sb. occupied 使某人忙碌 occupy oneself with/in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事 be occupied in (doing)/with sth. 忙于(做)某事；正在做某事 The workers are occupied in building new houses.‎ 建筑工人们正忙于建造新房子。 ‎ She is occupied in writing a novel.她忙于写小说。 ‎ occupation n. 职业 Please fill in the form stating your occupation. ‎ 请在表格中填入你的职业。 ‎ ‎7. means n. 手段；方法 ‎ All means have been tried. ‎ ‎＝ Every means has been tried. 所有的方法都已尝试过了。 ‎ means作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式要根据句子的具体含义而定。‎ by means of... 用?-?-办法；借助?-?-‎ by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以 by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ by every means 用尽一切可能的办法 ‎ way，method，means和manner way 是普通用词，可指一般的方法，也指个人的方法或方式或者是特殊的方式或方法。 ‎ method 是指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。 ‎ means 单复数形式相同，是指为了达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。 ‎ manner 通常用来指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法。‎ ‎8. majority n. 大多数；大半 ‎ the great/vast majority 绝大多数，几乎全部 be in(the)majority 构成多数；占多数 the majority of＋n. 大多数的?-?-‎ The majority is/are in favour of banning smoking.‎ 大多数人支持禁烟。‎ The majority of the students are from the countryside.‎ 大部分学生来自农村。‎ the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；the majority of作主语时，若后跟可数名词复数，则表示?°?-?-中的大部分?±，谓语动词常用复数形式。‎ majority n．(多数) ?ú major adj. (数量) 较大的 minority n．(少数) ?ú minor adj. (数量) 较少的 ‎ ‎9. occur vi. 发生；出现 ‎ occur to (主意或想法突然) 浮现于脑中；被想起，被想到 it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事 it occurs to sb. that... 某人想到?-?-‎ It occurred to me that I had seen her somewhere before.‎ 我想到以前在什么地方见过她。‎ ‎10. differ vi. 不同；相异 A differs from B in... A与B在?-?-方面不同 ‎ A differs with B about/on/over... A与B就?-?-意见相左 Our interest in sports differs from each other.‎ 我们对体育的爱好彼此不同。‎ ‎¡é?This is a different car __from__ the one I drove yesterday.‎ ‎(2) 用differ的适当形式填空 It doesn't make a __difference__ to me whether you are going to stay. ‎ tell the difference between A and B 辨别A和B的异同 make a difference 有所差异 make no difference 没有差别 A be different from B in sth. A与B在?-?-方面不同?-?-‎ ‎11. cast vt. (cast, cast) 扔；投；掷 cast down 沮丧；不愉快 cast aside把?-?-丢在一旁；抛弃；消除 cast away放弃；(船难时)丢下人 cast off抛弃；脱掉；解缆起航 ‎ Anybody would be cast down at such bad news.‎ 这样的坏消息谁听了都会感到沮丧。‎ If you were cast away on a desert island，what would you miss most?‎ 如果你因沉船而被丢在荒岛上，你最想念什么？‎ cast down通常用于被动语态。‎ ‎12. object vi. 反对；不赞成 vt.提出?-?-作为反对的理由　n．目标；物体；宾语 ‎ object to sb./sth. 不赞成某人/某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ‎ No one objected to the plan. 没有人反对这项计划。 ‎ objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 objective adj. 客观的 have an objection to... 反对?-?-‎ raise/voice an objection 提出异议 ‎13.strike vi. & vt. (struck, struck) 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工 Never strike your wife even with a flower. ‎ 决不要打你的妻子，哪怕是拿鲜花。‎ We were struck with thunder by the news of war. ‎ 战争的消息使我们大吃一惊。 ‎ strike at向?-?-打击 be struck by the beauty 被美景/貌所迷住 be struck with(by) 为?-?-所袭击/触动/感动 go/come on strike实行罢工 ‎ strike ...into one's heart使?-?-刻骨铭心 ‎ striker n．罢工的人 striking adj.引人注意的 ‎14. vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 in vain 白费力气；枉费心机 He tried to save his son from drowning，but in vain.‎ 他试图救他儿子免于溺死，但是徒然。‎ in vain 用于句首时句子要用倒装结构。‎ ‎15. resist vt. 抵抗；对抗；忍住 resist sb./sth. 抵抗/抵制某人/某物 resist doing sth. 抵制干某事 can't/couldn't resist doing sth.禁不住干某事 be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝 She couldn't resist laughing when she saw that young man.‎ 当她看到那个年轻人的时候，她忍不住笑了起来。‎ resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的 resistance n．抗拒；反对；抵抗力 be resistant to 对?-?-有抵抗力 ‎ 二、重点短语需精通 ‎1. keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去 Well done, and keep it up，Tom! ‎ 干得好，汤姆，再接再厉！ ‎ keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) ‎ keep one's head/temper 保持冷静/强压怒火 keep a school/family/diary 开办学校/养家糊口/写日记 keep one's word/keep one's promise 履行诺言 keep the law 守法 keep in touch with 与?-?-保持联系 keep an eye on... 照看；密切注视 keep up with 跟上；保持同步水平不落后 keep away from (常与from连用)远离；不接触 ‎ keep to sth. 信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)‎ keep... from(doing)sth. 避开；禁止；克制 ‎ ‎2. live on 继续存在；继续生存 She lived on for many years after her husband died.‎ 丈夫死后她继续活了许多年。 ‎ live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活 live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生 live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标 live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存 live up to sth. 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准 live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象 live to be...＝ live to the age of... 活到?-?-岁 live a．..life 过着?-?-的生活 ‎ ‎3. take in 包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗 The students find it easy to take in what you teach. ‎ 学生发现你的课很好懂。 ‎ Our party branch took in a new member yesterday. ‎ 我们党支部昨天吸收了一名新党员。 ‎ The salesman finds it easy to take in old ladies.‎ 这个推销员发现老太太容易上当受骗。 ‎ ‎ ‎ take apart拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等) ‎ take down拿下，取下；拆卸；记下 take back取回，带回；收回说过的话；使?-?-回忆起昔日 ‎ take up开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理 ‎ take it easy别紧张，慢慢来 take over继承，接收，接管 ‎ take off脱下(衣服等)；起飞 take on承担，从事；呈现 ‎ take one's place 就座 ‎ ‎4. pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 At last, his hard work paid off.最后，他的努力得到了回报。‎ It took him four years to pay off that judgment.‎ 他花了四年时间才付清被判罚的债务。 ‎ pay for付?-?-的钱；为?-?-而付出代价 pay back sth. (pay sb. back sth.) 偿还 pay sb. (...) for sth. 因某事而付某人?-?-‎ pay sb. (...) to do sth. 付某人(?-?-)去做某事 ‎5. from time to time 不时；偶尔 ‎ From time to time a helicopter flew by.‎ 空中不时地有直升机飞过。‎ at one time 从前(某个时候)；曾经；一度 at a time 每次；一次 　　for the time being 暂时 in no time 很快；立刻 at no time 在任何时候都不；决不 in time 及时；迟早；过了一段时间 ‎ kill time 消磨时间 ‎ ‎6. bring back to life 使复生；使复活 It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life.‎ 让一个人死而复生是不可能的。‎ bring sb./sth. to life 使更有趣/生动；给?-?-以活力；使苏醒 come to life变得活跃；变得有趣；苏醒过来 come to oneself (昏迷后) 苏醒过来；醒悟过来 A great actor can bring a character to life.‎ 一个伟大的演员能让角色生动起来。 ‎ 三、重点句式能熟用 ‎1. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多民族、多文化的混合体。‎ It is believed that... 人们相信?-?-；人们认为?-?-‎ It is said that... 据说 It is reported that... 据报道 It is known that... 众所周知 ‎2. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones. 实际上，这些都是自然克隆现象。‎ that 在引导表语从句的时候没有实义，但是不能省略。但是其他的连接词有词义变化。‎ The workers' demand is that their wages (should) be increased by 15%. ‎ 工人们的要求是增加百分之十五的工资。‎ The question is why he cried yesterday.‎ 问题是他为什么哭了。‎ ‎3. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 ‎ 同位语从句一般是紧跟在与其同位的词后面的。但是，由于表达不同意义的需要，同位语从句可以被句子其他成分隔开，这种从句就叫作?°分隔同位语从句?±。‎ We have no idea at all that he has gone. ‎ 我们一点儿都不知道他已经走了。 ‎ ‎【例1】用recommend的适当形式填空 Tpills are __recommended__for__ a cold.‎ Would you __recommend__ a good book __to__ me?‎ ‎＝Would you __recommend__ me __a__good__book__?‎ Can you __recommend__ Mrs. Hill __as__ a good typist?‎ I __recommend__going__ (go) by subway.‎ The doctor recommends me __to__have__ (have) a rest.‎ ‎＝The doctor recommends that I __should__have__ a rest.‎ ‎【例2】用comfort的相关短语填空 任何人都能享受我心爱的椅子所给予的背部舒服。‎ Anyone can enjoy__comforting__their backs __with__my favorite chair.‎ 亲人们前来安慰失去父母的那个小孩。‎ The folks came to__comfort__the child __for__ the loss of his parents.‎ ‎＝ The folks __give__a__comfort__to__the child for the loss of his parents. ‎ ‎【例3】完成句子 我把名单上我的名字换成了你的。‎ I__substituted__your name__for__mine on the list.‎ 我们推荐的商标完全可以替代原来的。‎ ‎【例4】(1) 同义句转换 ‎ They acknowledged having been defeated.‎ ‎＝ They acknowledged that __they__had__been__defeated__. ‎ Most people acknowledged that he was innocent.‎ ‎＝ __It__was__generally__acknowledged__that he was innocent.‎ ‎(2) 完成句子 Do you __acknowledge__your__fault__ (承认是你的过失)?‎ She __is__acknowledged__as__ (被公认为) the best tennis player in the world. ‎ ‎【例5】完成句子 ‎①他所说的话与事实相矛盾。‎ His statement __contradicts__with__the facts.‎ 那些事实与他的理论相悖。‎ The facts__contradict__his theory. ‎ 在政治辩论中，平等和自由经常被认为是互相矛盾的。 ‎ In political debates, equality and liberty are often considered to be __in__contradiction__with__ each other. ‎ ‎【例6】使用恰当的介词填空 这个座位有人占吗？‎ Is anyone __occupying__the__seat__? ‎ ‎＝ Is this seat__occupied__?‎ 这种游戏会让孩子们玩上一阵子的。‎ This game will__keep__ the children__occupied__．‎ 他在教育部担任要职。‎ He __occupies__ an important position in the Ministry of Education.‎ 教师不仅要专心于教书还要育人。‎ A teacher should be __occupied__with__ education as well as __with__ teaching. ‎ ‎【例7】(1) 用means，way，method填空 ‎ These vegetables can be cooked in different ways．‎ Only in this __way__ can you find out the truth.‎ By this __means__ I get in touch with him.‎ ‎④We express our thoughts by __means__ of words.‎ Have you tried the new method?‎ ‎(2) 完成句子 我绝不会借给他钱！‎ ‎__By__no__means__ shall I lend him money!‎ 他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。‎ He let himself down slowly __by__means__of__ a rope.‎ ‎【例8】(1) 使用恰当的介词填空 ‎ Among the members of the committee those who favor the proposed changes are __in__ the majority. ‎ They had a large majority __over__ the other party at the last election. ‎ ‎(2) 用所给词的适当形式或根据汉语提示填空 English speakers form the __majority__ (大多数) of the population. ‎ The majority of people __prefer/prefers__ (prefer) peace to war.‎ The majority of the damage __is__ (be) easy to repair.‎ ‎【例9】完成句子 The possibility that she might be wrong never even __occurred__to__ her. ‎ A good idea __occurred__to__ him.‎ ‎__It__had__never__occurred__to__him__that__ (他从没想到) he might be falling in love with her. ‎ ‎【例10】(1) 使用恰当的介词填空 The two squares differ __in__ color but not __in__ size.‎ The husband differs __with__ the wife __on/about/over__ who is to take charge of the money.‎ ‎【例11】完成句子 我们因船只失事而漂流到了一个孤岛上，没有食物也没有水。‎ We were __cast__away__ on an island without food or water.‎ Don't be so __cast__down__(沮丧). I believe you will pay off sooner or later.‎ 你确实应该抛弃这些坏习惯。‎ You really must __cast__off__ all these bad habits.‎ ‎【例12】 用object的适当形式填空 ‎ Some people __objected__ that the new tax law was unfair.‎ Various __objects__ were on the table.‎ Nobody raised any __objection__ to my doing it right now.‎ A judge must give an __objective__ opinion. ‎ ‎【例13】完成句子 我想把一颗钉子敲进墙里。 ‎ I want to strike a nail __into__ the wall.‎ 他被西湖的美丽迷住了。 ‎ He __was__struck__by__ the beauty of the West Lake.‎ 我突然想起个好主意。 ‎ A good idea __struck__ me.‎ 他们正在为反对那场不正义的战争而罢工。‎ They __are__striking__ against the unjust war. ‎ ‎【例14】完成句子 他们所有的尝试都是徒劳。 ‎ All their attempts were __in__vain__．‎ 他怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。 ‎ He tried __in__vain__ to memorize the poem.‎ In vain __did__he__ try to memorize the poem. ‎ ‎【例15】用resist的相关短语完成句子 I don't know how to __resist__my__anger__ (抑制我的愤怒)．‎ I was unable to __resist__crying__(忍不住哭了)．‎ The crops are better__at__resisting__diseases__ (抗病方面更好).‎ ‎【例1】完成句子 The police asked the people to __keep__away__from/keep__off__ (远离) the scene of the accident.‎ Though things changed, they __kept__to__ (坚持；信守) the original purpose. ‎ He stopped at a shop for something，so he failed __to__keep__up__with__ (跟上) his associates and was left behind.‎ He always keeps __his__word/his__promise__(说话算数). ‎ ‎【例2】用live的相关短语填空 The lonely old man __lives__on__ charity. ‎ Mozart was dead but his music __lives__on__．‎ My grandfather __lived__through__ both world wars. ‎ We should work hard and try to __live__up__to__ our parents' expectations.‎ ‎【例3】用take的相关短语填空 ‎ Don't be __taken__in__ by his promises.‎ Who do you think will __take__over__ now that the governor has been dismissed?‎ These boxes of yours are __taking__up__ too much space.‎ I was really __taken__back__ when seeing old photos. ‎ Dear ladies and gentlemen，please now __take__your__place__．The opera is soon to begin. ‎ Tom carefully __took__down__what the teacher said. ‎ ‎【例4】用pay的相关短语或所给词适当的形式填空 ‎ After ten years of hard working she finally __paid__off__ her debt.‎ Have you __paid__ the money __to__ the bank yet?‎ I will __pay__ you __back__ next week.‎ I paid the boy ten yuan __to__clean__ (clean) the window.‎ ‎【例5】用time的相关短语填空 Even though the Smiths have moved to a faraway place，we still see them__from__time__to__time__(不时)．‎ He went back from the meeting room __in__no__time__ (立刻). ‎ The doctor came __in__time__ (及时) to save her life.‎ ‎【例6】完成句子 In theory, cloning can __bring__ some extinct animals __back__to__life__ (使?-?-复活)．‎ The party __came__to__life__ (活跃起来) when he told us the funny story. ‎ ‎【例1】用所给词的适当形式填空 It is also __believed__ (believe) that red things will bring good fortune in the coming year.‎ In fact, stress isn't a bad thing it is often __supposed__ (suppose) to be.‎ It's __reported__ (report) that it may rain.‎ ‎【例2】完成句子 让观众们印象最深刻的是魔术师刘谦在春节联欢晚会表演的(魔术/节目)。‎ ‎__What__ impressed the audience most was __what__ the magician Liu Qian played in Spring Festival Gala. ‎ 问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。‎ The question is __when__ he can arrive at the hotel. ‎ ‎【例3】完成句子 我们刚刚从收音机里听到警报说，飓风可能就要来到了。‎ We've just heard a warning on the radio __that__ a hurricane is likely to come.‎ 约翰不是被谋杀的，目击者所说的这些话远远不符合事实。 ‎ Far from the truth are the words given by the observer __that____ John was not murdered. ‎ 一、单句语法填空 ‎1. What is the __distinction__ (distinct) between butterflies and moths? ‎ ‎2. Reagan __was__elected__ (elect) as the thirty－second President of the United States. ‎ ‎3. As the wages were low, there were few __applicants__ (apply) for the job. ‎ ‎4. I asked him where my sister was and he __indicated__ (indicate) the shop opposite. ‎ ‎5. The work __was__undertaken__ (undertake) by members of the ‎ committee. ‎ ‎6. He said that the police __had__obtained__ (obtain) this information by illegal means. ‎ ‎7. The bylaws forbid __playing__ (play) ball in the public garden. ‎ ‎8. Despite this __accumulation__ (accumulate) of evidence, the Government persisted in doing nothing. ‎ ‎9. I owe it __to__ myself to explain how the accident happened.‎ ‎10. He is a __retired__ (retire) airline pilot. ‎ 二、用短语的适当形式填空 ‎1. They settled down in Canada and __made__a__life__for themselves. ‎ ‎2. The two companies have __teamed__up__to develop a new racing car. ‎ ‎3. Please __mark__out__ the sentences that you don't understand with a red pen.‎ ‎4. Scientists say they are beginning to __break__through__in the fight against cancer. ‎ ‎5. Please read the note quickly and then __pass__ it __on__to__ the next one.‎ ‎6. The ship is not __in__condition__to make a long voyage. ‎ ‎7. Two hundred workers have been __paid__off__. ‎ ‎8. I still come and see her __from__time__to__time__ although I've ‎ moved to another city. ‎ ‎9. I __object__to__ being spoken to like that. ‎ ‎10. Michael seems quite __cast__down__. What has happened to him? ‎ make a distinction 区分 without distinction一视同仁 ‎ be distinct from 截然不同 ‎ indicate sth. (to sb.) 指示；指出；标示 indicate that/wh－ 表示；示意 obtain sth. from sb./sth. 从……获得某物 ‎ forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止，不许(做某事)‎ forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 owe sb.sth.＝owe sth.to sb.欠(某人)债 owe sth. to sb./sth. 将某事物归因或归功于某人/事 retired不表示被动而是表示完成，retired worker 意为?°退休工人?±；类似的单词还有fallen leaves 落叶； risen sun 升起了的太阳； faded flowers 凋谢的花； escaped prisoner 逃犯 team up with 与某人一起工作(尤指为一共同目标)；相称 ‎ team spirit 团队精神 ‎ team－work 协力工作 pass on...to... 将?-?-传给?-?-‎ mark out 划线标出?-?-界线 from time to time, make a life, in condition, team up, cast down, mark out, pay off, break through, pass...on to, object to ‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When I was a boy we used to live across the road from a big hill with huge oak trees growing out of it.When winter arrived, thick and heavy snow would fall, and my two brothers would grab their sleds heading over to the hill for a day of fun.I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding.Finally, one winter I was considered big enough and joined my brothers as they carried their sleds up the long hill and prepared to ride down it.‎ The first few trips I rode with one of my brothers had the time of my life.It was so exhilarating when the wind whipped across my face as I flew down the hillside on the wooden sled.Near the end of the day I was too overjoyed when my oldest brother decided to let me try riding the sled all by myself.I climbed on it full of excitement and lay on my stomach.Then with one big push my brother sent me down the snowy hillside.I was doing pretty well too until I hit an old stump hidden by the snow and went off course, straight towards one of those big oak trees.My heart pounded in my chest and I could hear myself screaming.At the last possible second I rolled off and the sled crashed into the tree.I could hear my brothers running down the hill yelling, “You have to steer (操控)! You have to steer！”‎ Sadly, that wasn't the last time I failed to steer when some obstacle ‎ knocked me off course in my life.Many times problems, troubles, and my own failures have sent me crashing into the trees of anger, frustration, and despair.I am still learning that life isn't always safe sledding.I am still learning that it is up to me to steer myself back to love, back to kindness, back to goodness, and back to God.‎ Life is a trip, but no one ever said it was a smooth ride.Steer well then.Steer straight.Steer your soul towards the light and the love that are all meant for us.‎ 语篇解读：作者小时候有一次滑雪时差点撞到橡树上，但在最后一刻，作者翻滚到雪地里才得以化险为夷，同时他学到了一个人生道理：学会自我掌控。‎ ‎1．What do we know about the author when he was very young?‎ A．He lived on a big hill with huge oak trees on it.‎ B．He was frightened to go sledding with his brothers.‎ C．He longed to go sledding with his brothers.‎ D．He carried his brothers' sleds as they went sledding.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“I remember watching them with envy because I was still too small to go sledding.”可知，作者因为年龄太小不能去滑雪，只能嫉妒地看着哥哥们玩。据此可知，作者小时候很渴望和哥哥们一起滑雪，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “exhilarating” in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Delightful.　　　　　　　 B．Terrifying.‎ C．Ordinary. D．Violent.‎ 解析：‎ 选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，这句话描述的是作者第一次滑雪时在木雪橇上从山上冲下去，风从脸上刮过时的快感。根据第一段作者渴望滑雪的描述再结合下文中的“overjoyed”可知，作者玩得很开心，据此可以判断，画线词意为“令人愉快的”，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．Why did the author fall off his sled?‎ A．Because his sled crashed into an oak tree.‎ B．Because he lost control of his sled.‎ C．Because his brother pushed it so hard.‎ D．Because the hillside was snowy.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I was doing pretty well ...one of those big oak trees.”可知，作者撞到了雪地里的一个树桩，然后径直撞向一棵大橡树，再结合该段中的“At the last possible second ...the tree.”可知，作者在快要撞到橡树的那一刻从雪橇上翻滚下来，从而避开了危险。据此可以判断，作者从雪橇上掉下来是因为他失去了对雪橇的控制。故B项正确。‎ ‎4．What does the author mean to tell us?‎ A．Losing control of a sled can be dangerous.‎ B．Courage and determination can change one's life.‎ C．Life can be controlled by oneself.‎ D．Life is a mystery full of coincidences.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。通读全文再结合文章最后一段的前两句“Life is a trip, but no one ever said it was a smooth ride.Steer well then.”可知，作者认为人生的旅程不是一帆风顺的，应该学会掌控生活。据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉读者，人生是可以由自己掌控的，故C项正确。‎ B The popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in ‎ China to practice reading aloud in booths (小间) set up in big cities across the country.‎ As the latest TV show to help people's love for literature recover, the CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones.Just as the weekly show has been wellreceived, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have become instant hits.‎ A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 — the first day of the booth's opening to the public in Shanghai.The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5：30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow.Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.‎ ‎“There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens.If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again，” library manager Zhou Deming, told The Paper.‎ The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the coming months, according to the library's website.‎ The program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xi'an to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories.‎ With the recent boom of culturethemed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Congress, some are optimistic that this will help the country love literature and reading again in general.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 随着CCTV的《朗读者》节目受到人们的欢迎，全国范围开始刮起了“读书风”。各大城市纷纷建立“朗读亭”，人们阅读的热情也越来越高。‎ ‎5．The CCTV program Readers aims to ________.‎ A．teach people what to read B．attract people's attention to CCTV C．invite people to read aloud in the booth D．arouse people's enthusiasm for reading 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“As the latest TV show ...loved ones.”可知，《朗读者》旨在帮助人们重燃对文学及阅读的热情，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________.‎ A．some people waited for a long time to read in the booth B．March 4 was the first day of the opening of Shanghai Library C．on March 4, 200 people read in the booth D．the time for registrations was lengthened for three and a half hours 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.”可知，有些人为了能在“朗读亭”里朗读，等了九个多小时。故A项正确。‎ ‎7．The passage mainly tells that ________.‎ A．many people line up to read aloud in reading booths B．more reading booths will be set up in the future C．Readers has become popular all over China D．Readers has inspired more people to read aloud in reading booths 解析：‎ 选D　主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了随着电视节目《朗读者》的流行，“朗读亭”也逐渐兴起，人们的阅读热情得到了极大的激发，故D项正确。‎ C Nothing succeeds like success, as every parent of a straightA student knows, but trying to highlight academic excellence by telling your child, “You're so smart，” may be counterproductive (适得其反的)．Telling kids they're smart strengthens the idea that intelligence is a genetic gift rather than a skill that can be developed.‎ In a recent study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7.The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset (思维模式)” (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset” (believing that your intelligence is unable to change)．They then asked the children to complete a fastpaced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.In the task, children played a game, helping a zookeeper capture escaped animals by pressing the space bar when an animal showed up on their screen — unless it was a group of three chimps.During the recording, researchers noted that brain activity spiked within a halfsecond after making a mistake, as children became aware of their error and paid closer attention to what went wrong.The larger the brain response was, the more the children focused on the error.‎ Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a “growth mindset” were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.‎ For parents, the lessons are clear: don't pay compliments (赞扬) that suggest that intelligence is fixed.If a child hands you an A＋ test paper,‎ ‎ don't say, “You're so smart！” Instead say, “Wow, that studying really paid off！” Note the effort, not the intelligence.Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn.“Many parents and teachers shy away from addressing a child's mistakes, telling them ‘It's OK.You'll get it next time.’ without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong，” Dr.Schroder says.Here are additional ways you can help enhance your child's education.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讨论了家长如何应对孩子的成就，尤其是不要对孩子说“你真聪明！”。‎ ‎8．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “spiked” in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Started. B．Stopped.‎ C．Paused. D．Rose.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句及最后一句“The larger the brain response was, the more the children focused on the error.”可推知，画线词表示“激增”，故选D。‎ ‎9．What should parents say to children's performance according to the passage?‎ A．“You are so clever！”for excellence.‎ B．“It's not good enough.” for excellence.‎ C．“You can benefit from it.” for a mistake.‎ D．“It's OK.Forget about it.” for a mistake.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn”可知，孩子在犯错时，家长应该鼓励其从错误中学习，并有所改进，故选C。‎ ‎10．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Never Call Your Kid Smart B．Always Be Strict with Your Kid C．How to Communicate with Your Kid D．How to Comment on Your Kid's Performance 解析：选A　标题归纳题。第一段第一句“Nothing succeeds like success ... may be counterproductive (适得其反的)．”开篇点题，再结合本文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论的是家长在应对孩子的成就时，不要说“你真聪明！”，故选A。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Running can be the Best Exercise for Weight Loss Any exercise is good exercise, but when it comes to losing weight, it's hard to beat running. After all, running is one of the most efficient ways to burn calories and get fit without having to restrict your diet.__1__ If you're not a runner yet but interested in losing weight, here are four reasons running can be the best exercise for weight loss.‎ ‎__2__ When comparing running with walking the same distance, studies find that running will lead to greater weight loss, most likely because your resting energy expenditure stays elevated (高的) after you run. In a longterm comparison study of runners and walkers, calories burned through running led to 90% more weight loss than calories burned through walking.‎ Running is timeefficient. Even if the myth that running a mile and walking a mile burn the same number of calories were true, running is a considerably faster way to burn those calories.__3__‎ Running is convenient. Though many of us have accumulated a vast arsenal (武器，装备) of GPS gadgets and tech tees over the years, little is actually required to go running. You can do it alone. You can do it almost ‎ anywhere.__4__ For this reason alone, running is the best workout for weight loss because it's cheap and accessible, and there are fewer barriers to maintaining a routine, even while traveling.‎ Two words: runner's high.__5__ Fortunately, studies support what many runners have experienced on an anecdotal level — running can actually get you high. Scientists have found links between moderate to intense exercise and morphinelike brain chemicals, which explains the occasional flood of thrill that rushes over you during a hard run. That happy sensation you had after your last race makes you want to go for another run, right?‎ A．Cultivate the good habit of running.‎ B．Running works even when you're at rest.‎ C．You will never stick to a habit if you don't like it.‎ D．The first rule of exercising for weight loss is that if you don't enjoy it, you won't stick with it.‎ E．You don't need any equipment beyond a pair of running shoes.‎ F．If you're already a runner, keep on.‎ G．Most people can run two or three times as far as they can walk in a given amount of time.‎ ‎1．选F　根据下文的“If you're not a runner yet”可知这里是介绍如果你已经开始跑步了，就继续跑。故选F。‎ ‎2．选B　根据下文的“because your resting energy expenditure stays elevated(高的) after you run”可知，跑步后休息的时候，能量消耗也是高的，即：当你休息的时候，跑步也有用。故选B。‎ ‎3．选G　根据上文的“running is a considerably faster way to burn those calories”‎ 可知，大部分人在所给的范围跑步的距离是走路的三倍。故选G。‎ ‎4．选E　根据上文的“little is actually required to go running”可知，除了一双跑鞋，你什么都不需要。故选E。‎ ‎5．选D　根据下文的“Fortunately, studies support what many runners have experienced on an anecdotal level — running can actually get you high.”可知跑步可以让人情绪高，故D项减肥的第一规则是如果你不喜欢，你就不会坚持，符合语境。‎