2020届二轮复习定语从句在语篇中的运用

2020届二轮复习定语从句在语篇中的运用

‎2020届二轮复习 定语从句在语篇中的运用 ‎        语法习得要经历三个阶段：语篇中发现(find the rules)，情境中操练(practice the rules)，任务中实践(apply the rules)。同学们在学习过程中，不妨留心一些带有特定语法现象的篇章，在真实语言情景中发现语法规则，细细感悟语法现象。现在和同学们分享一篇学习定语从句的好篇章。‎ ‎        A small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. That's the finding of a study of Dutchmen in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed at least an ounce of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.‎ ‎        The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long-held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.‎ ‎         Heart disease is the number-one killer in the United States, ①with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year. But researchers previously have noticed that the incidence (发生率) of heart disease is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There ‎ are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption averages more than 3 ounces.‎ ‎         For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, ②with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish.‎ ‎         During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos. This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels.‎ ‎         Myth has it that fish is brain food -- but it just might be more than myth, as a new study suggests. Children who eat fish once a week or more sleep better and score higher, on average, on IQ tests than children who never eat fish or do so less than once a week, according to study③ published last month in the journal Scientific Reports.‎ Childhood is a period when kids need much nutrition. That' s the reason why fish should become a regular part of their diet.‎ ‎【语法赏析】这篇以食鱼和健康为主题语境的篇章，共计含有14个定语从句。既有限制性定语从句，又有非限制性定语从句；既有关系代词引导的定语从句，又有关系副词引导的定语从句。既有as, whose引导的定语从句，又有介词+关系代词结构的定语从句。请同学们细细品读。‎ ‎1. That' s the finding of a study of Dutchmen in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed at least an ounce of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.‎ ‎   (此句含有三个定语从句，第一个是in which“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于关系副词where, 修饰前面的the finding of a study of Dutchmen；第二、三句who引导的定语从句，who皆做从句主语，都修饰先行词those。)‎ ‎2. The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long-held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.‎ ‎(此句是关系代词引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语，修饰先行词studies。) ‎ ‎3. There are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption averages more than 3 ounces.‎ ‎(此句含有两个非限制性定语从句，第一个是由关系代词who引导，who在从句中主语，指代前面的the Eskimos of Greenland；第二句是由whose引导的定语从句，whose在从句定语，修饰先行词the Japanese。whose daily fish consumption相当于the daily fish consumption of whom)‎ ‎4. For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. ‎ ‎(此句含有一个“介词+关系代词”结构的非限制性定语从句，20 percent of whom在从句中作主语，whom指代先行词852 middle-aged men。)‎ ‎5. Myth has it that fish is brain food -- but it just might be more than myth, as a new study suggests.‎ ‎(此句含有一个as引导的的非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语，指代Myth has it that fish is brain food -- but it just might be more than myth整句。)‎ ‎6. Childhood is a period when kids need much nutrition. That' s the reason why fish should become a regular part of their diet.‎ ‎(这两句分别含有一个关系副词引导的定语从句。关系副词when在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词period . 关系副词why在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词reason .)‎ 另外：‎ ‎①with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year.‎ ‎②with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish.‎ ‎③published last month in the journal Scientific Reports.‎ ‎        这三句① ②是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构，③是过去分词短语作后置定语，它们同样是高中阶段比较重要的语法结构，同学们也请品读领悟。‎ ‎        谚语有云：The best fish swim near the bottom.好鱼常在水底游。请同学们静下心来，透过字里行间，用心感悟定语从句吧！鱼和语法，可兼得也。‎