高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：必修5 Unit 3　Life in the future

高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：必修5 Unit 3　Life in the future

Unit 3　Life in the future Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．The girl made a great________(印象) on her neighbours and they spoke highly of her.‎ 答案：　impression ‎2．They had to give up the project in the end because of a________(缺少) of money.‎ 答案：　lack ‎3．Please________(系牢) the dog to that tree，or it may hurt others.‎ 答案：　fasten ‎4．He couldn’t________(容忍) the noise downtown so he decided to move to the countryside.‎ 答案：　tolerate ‎5．As the________(代表) of the workers，Mr Smith gave a speech at the meeting.‎ 答案：　representative ‎6．The manager gave him all the________(材料) he needed to carry out the construction.‎ 答案：　materials ‎7．Although he often faces many difficulties，the young man is in an________(乐观的) mood.‎ 答案：　optimistic ‎8．Dealing with people is the most important________(方面) of my daily work.‎ 答案：　aspect ‎9．Tell the boy to ________(转换) off all lights as he leaves the room，to save electricity.‎ 答案：　switch ‎10．He________(经常) consults the professor when meeting with difficulty.‎ 答案：　constantly Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．take 　　　　　　　　　　 拿起；接受；开始；继续 ‎2．lose of...　　　 看不见……‎ ‎3．speed 　　　 加速 ‎4．show sb. 　　　 领某人参观 ‎5．in no 　　　 立刻 ‎6．be back on one’s 　　　 (困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎7．sweep 　　　 打扫；横扫 ‎8．under 　　 在修建中 ‎9． sb.for　　　 因……而责怪某人 ‎10．be to　　　 与……相似 up sight up around time feet up repair blame similar Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．因为担心这次旅行，头几天我感到心绪不宁。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________，I was unsettled for the first few days.‎ 答案：　Worried about the journey ‎2．空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。‎ The air seemed thin，________ ________its combination of gases had little oxygen left.‎ 答案：　as though ‎3．由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。‎ ‎________by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.‎ 答案：　Hit ‎4．噢，现在有个系统利用生态学原理处理废物。‎ Well，now there’s________ ________ ________ the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.‎ 答案：　a system where ‎5．但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。‎ However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached________ ________ ________ a large ‎ market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.‎ 答案：　what looked like ‎6．我感到累极了，爬上床很快睡着了。‎ ‎________，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 答案：　Exhausted lack v．& n．缺乏；缺少的东西 教材原句P18：Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.‎ 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。‎ ‎①As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.‎ 他很富有，什么都不缺。‎ ‎②Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don’t know?‎ 你是否想交更多的朋友，但缺乏信心和陌生人交谈？‎ ‎③Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.尽管缺钱，他的父母设法送他上大学。‎ ‎④Many small plants in that country closed down for lack of fuel.‎ 由于燃料不足，那个国家很多小工厂都关闭了。‎ ‎1.(2010·福建卷)More and more highrise building have been built in big cities________space.‎ A．in search of　　　 B．in place of ‎ C．for lack of　　　 D．for fear of 解析：　句意为：因缺少空间，在大城市里，越来越多的高楼拔地而起。本题考查介词短语辨析。A项意为“搜寻”；B项意为“代替”；C项意为“因缺乏”；D项意为“以防”。‎ 答案：　C tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 教材原句P18：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一开始，新的环境很难忍受。‎ ‎①The school can’t tolerate cheating in exams.‎ 学校绝不容许考试舞弊。‎ ‎②I won’t tolerate your bad manners any longer.‎ 我再也不能忍受你那恶劣的态度了。‎ ‎③I can put up with many things，but not with people who steal.‎ 我能容忍很多事情，但决不容忍小偷小摸的事情。‎ ‎④I can’t stand people interrupting me all the time.‎ 我不能容忍老有人打岔。‎ ‎2.完成句子 事实上，一个人的容忍是有限度的。‎ As a matter of fact，there is______________what one person can________.‎ 答案：　a limit to；tolerate instant n．瞬间；片刻；adj.立即的；立刻的 教材原句P22：You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it’s sent.‎ 你把金属箍戴到头上，整理思绪，按下发送键，集中精神想你要发送的信息，片刻信息就已经发送出去了。‎ for an instant一瞬间 in an instant立即；马上 on the instant立即；立刻；马上 the instant (that)/immediately/directly一……就 ‎①His new book became an instant success.‎ 他的新书立即成为畅销书。‎ ‎②The wounded are in instant need of help.‎ 那些伤员急需救助。‎ ‎③I couldn’t answer the question for an instant.‎ 我一时回答不出这个问题。‎ ‎④The instant (that) I reached the platform the train began to move.我一到站台，火车就开动了。‎ ‎⑤But，in an instant，everything passes，everything becomes history.‎ 然而转瞬之间，一切都已经过去，一切都变成了历史。‎ ‎3.完成句子 使我非常吃惊的是，她一读到这封信就突然哭起来。‎ Much to my surprise，she______________________________she read the letter.‎ 答案：　burst into tears the instant lose sight of看不见 教材原句P18：However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.‎ 但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，王平不见了，因为很多汽垫车都四面八方地从身边飞奔。‎ ‎①I felt very frightened，for I lost sight of my mother in the crowd.‎ 我感到非常害怕，因为在人群中没有发现我的妈妈。‎ ‎②We must never lose sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature.‎ 我们永远也不能忽视这个事实：人类必须与自然和谐相处。‎ ‎③At the sight of his mother，he cried with excitement.‎ 一看到母亲，他激动地大哭起来。‎ ‎④I caught sight of her hurrying away but I didn’t try to speak to her.我看见她匆忙走开，但我没想跟她讲话。‎ ‎⑤The train was soon out of sight.‎ 那火车很快就看不见了。‎ ‎4.用sight的短语填空：‎ ‎(1)At last the famous tower____________________________.‎ ‎(2)The driver____________________the car he was following.‎ ‎(3)____________________，their demands seemed reasonable.‎ 答案：　(1)come into sight　(2)lost sight of　(3)At first sight take up占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起 教材原句P17：I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.‎ 我仍然不能相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。‎ ‎①I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time.‎ 很抱歉占用了你这么多的时间。‎ ‎②We encourage each student to take up a new sport or to try a new form of exercise.我们鼓励每一位学生参加一项新的体育运动或者尝试一种新形式的锻炼。‎ ‎③Let’s take up the text where we finished yesterday.‎ 我们从昨天停下的地方继续学课文。‎ take over接管，控制，占据 take back取回；把(某人)带回；把……退货；取消 take for当作；误认为 take in收留，收容(某人)；包括；包含 take off脱掉；模仿；起飞；成名 take on雇用；聘用；开始呈现 ‎⑤I’m sorry.I take back what I said just now.‎ 对不起，我收回刚才说过的话。‎ ‎⑥In the past few years，our school has taken on a new look.‎ 在过去的几年，我们学校呈现出了新面貌。‎ ‎5.After he retired from office，Royers________painting for a while，but soon lost interest.‎ A．took up　　　 B．saved up C．kept up　　　 D．drew up 解析：　由后置语境but soon lost interest可知空白处应表示“对……产生兴趣”，take up可以表示“对……产生兴趣”，故A项符合语境。save up表示“储蓄”；keep up表示“使……不掉下来”；draw up表示“起草，拟订”。‎ 答案：　A ‎6．Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _______ most of her day.‎ A．takes up　　　 B．makes up C．saves up　　　 D．puts up 解析：　考查动词短语辨析。take up意为“占用 (时间、空间)”；make up意为“编制；捏造；化妆；弥补”；save up意为“节省”；put up意为“举起；张贴”。结合句意“海伦总是帮助她的母亲，尽管上学占去了她大部分的时间”，可知A项正确。‎ 答案：　A ‎7．(2009·安徽卷)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all________.‎ A．given away　　　 B．kept away C．taken up　　　 D．used up 解析：　句意为：我们想找一张7个人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。give away出卖，赠送；keep away远离；take up占据；use up用光。‎ 答案：　C speed up加速 教材原句P20：When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we were flying.当我们想让汽垫车加速时，我们向下压踏板使它弯向我们飞行的方向。‎ slow down减速 at a speed of...以……的速度 ‎ at high/low speed以高速/低速 pick up speed逐渐加快速度 ‎①We’d better speed up if we want to be in time for the film.‎ 如果我们想及时看电影，最好要加快速度。‎ ‎②Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.‎ 充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将加速他的康复。‎ ‎③Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.‎ 一出车站，火车就开始加速。‎ ‎④You should slow down while crossing the road.‎ 在过马路时你应该减速。‎ ‎⑤The police car is running at a speed of 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.‎ 警车以每小时一百英里的速度追赶前面那辆卡车。‎ ‎8.In order to meet the demands they had to________production.‎ A．fasten up　　　 B．rise up C．speed up　　　 D．go up 解析：　speed up加速。句意为：为了满足需求，他们不得不加快了生产速度。‎ 答案：　C Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ exhausted为形容词在句中作伴随状语。‎ ‎①He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry.‎ 他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。‎ ‎②For a moment she just stood there，unable to believe what had just happened.‎ 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。‎ ‎③He lay on the bed，awake.他躺在床上，醒着。‎ ‎④The boy lay，relaxed on the sofa.‎ 小男孩放松地躺在沙发上。‎ ‎9.(北京高考)After the long journey，the three of them went back home，________.‎ A．hungry and tiredly　　　 B．hungry and tired C．hungrily and tiredly　　　 D．hungrily and tired 解析：　句意为：长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。本题考查形容词作状语，表示伴随或结果。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.选词填空 take up；lose sight of；sweep up；slide into；speed up；be back on one’s feet；be similar to；in no time ‎1．With ten hungry men around the table，the food disappeared________________.‎ 答案：　in no time ‎2．The man stood at the bank waving to his friends until he________________their boat.‎ 答案：　lost sight of ‎3．The boy________________his bedroom without being seen by his parents.‎ 答案：　slid into ‎4．Bob’s wife insisted that he should buy her a bag which ________________ her friend’s.‎ 答案：　was similar to ‎5．The thief ________________ when he realized that he was being followed by a police car.‎ 答案：　sped up ‎6．Before moving into his new apartment，Peter had it ____________.‎ 答案：　swept up ‎7．Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to ________________ the job offer.‎ 答案：　take up ‎8．After his operation，the old man ____________ __________again.‎ 答案：　was back on his feet Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2010·杭州检测二)When it was his turn to deliver his speech，________，he walked towards the microphone.‎ A．nervously and embarrassingly B．nervous and embarrassedly C．nervously and embarrassing D．nervous and embarrassed 解析：　该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语。如：He lay in bed，awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk.‎ 答案：　D ‎2．________and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.‎ A．Surprising　　　 B．Surprised C．Being surprised　　　 D．To be surprising 解析：　此题考查形容词作伴随状语，描述其主语所处的状态。‎ 答案：　B ‎3．After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，__________.‎ A．exhausting　　　 B．exhausted C．being exhausted　　　 D．having exhausted 解析：　形容词exhausted意为“ (感到)精疲力竭的”，在此处作状语，说明主语的特征；exhausting意为“令人精疲力竭的”，常指事物；being exhausted仅能作状语，表示原因，此处与语境不符。‎ 答案：　B ‎4．—Why did John ask me about the problem?‎ ‎—________，he tried to find a better way to settle it.‎ A．Not to be satisfied　　　 B．Not satisfied C．Not being satisfied　　　 D．Don’t satisfy 解析：　过去分词作原因状语，not satisfied相当于because he was not satisfied。A项，表目的；C项，强调动作，此处表状态；D项，不符合句子结构。‎ 答案：　B Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——过去分词作状语 ‎1．(2010·上海春招)________by the growing interest in nature，more and more people enjoy outdoor sports.‎ A．Influenced　　　 B．Influencing C．Having influenced　　 D．To be influenced 解析：　考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词的解题关键是找准其逻辑主语。在本题中，influence的逻辑主语是more and more people，它们之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。D项表示将来，不符合语意。‎ 答案：　A ‎2．(2010·福建四地六校第三次联考)________by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town again.‎ A．Struck　　　 B．To be struck C．Having struck　　　 D．Being struck 解析：　strike与其逻辑主语they之间为动宾关系，故应用动词的过去分词形式作状语。‎ 答案：　A ‎3．(2011·东城检测)________in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games，the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world.‎ A．Dressed　　　 B．Worn C．Dressing　　　 D．Wearing 解析：　考查非谓语动词。前半句是非谓语动词短语作状语，dressed in表示状态。假如使用wear，应该是wearing a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games。‎ 答案：　A ‎4．________with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.‎ A．Faced　　　 B．Face C．Facing　　　 D．To face 解析：　face with常用被动语态：使面对(问题、不愉快局面等)，使面临。如：You are faced with a choice.你面临抉择。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．________from Milan Trenc’s novel，the film Night at the Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurs wander the earth.‎ A．Adapted　　　 B．Adapting C．Having adapted　　　 D．To be adapted 解析：　考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词类试题的解题关键在于找到逻辑主语，然后判断谓语与逻辑主语的关系。此处逻辑主语是the film，与adapt from构成被动，所以用它的过去分词形式adapted from，表示“改编自……”。‎ 答案：　A