2020版高考英语 Unit 15 Learning夯练（含解析）北师大版必修5

2020版高考英语 Unit 15 Learning夯练（含解析）北师大版必修5

Unit 15 Learning 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (废物)to make sculptures.“We are living in the time of garbage，” says Schult.“I created a thousand sculptures of garbage.They are a mirror of ourselves.” Here，Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans.He first exhibited them in ‎1996 in the western German state of North RhineWestphalia.‎ ‎“They are social sculptures，” he explains.“They are not only sculptures for the eyes.They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.” So far，Schult's social sculptures have been on show in Paris，in Moscow's Red Square，on the Great Wall of China，and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo.‎ HA Schult's work is unforgettable.Although his work has had a big influence on the art world，Schult remains modest about his creations：“Artists have to learn every time.We are not important.All that counts is the time in which we are living.”‎ Trash art has been around for years.But it seems that only the popular artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash.Why can't common people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art？Maybe it's because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isn't，or whom artists are or should be.‎ You can be an artist like Schult if you try.Look at used metal cans.What might be done with them？Imagine them in any number of new uses，or imagine them simply as an art form.What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets.And clothing？Imagine taking old clothes and turning them into hats or hanging organizers.‎ ‎1．What do we know about Schult's sculptures?‎ A．They served as garbage containers.‎ B．They reflected environmental issues.‎ C．They were first shown in Paris，France.‎ D．They were to raise economic awareness.‎ ‎2．HA Schult's artistic works also get the message across that an artist must ________.‎ A．be socially responsible 7‎ B．be as modest as possible C．make garbage recyclable D．take diverse artistic forms ‎3．According to the last 2 paragraphs，the author probably agrees that ________.‎ A．it takes talent to be a trash artist B．preset ideas are important to artists C．trash art can't be seen as a real art form D．average people can also make trash artists ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A．Could You Be a Trash Artist?‎ B．What Are Social Sculptures?‎ C．Do You Know about Trash Art?‎ D．How Can We Deal with Used Cans?‎ ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一位德国艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，并以此鼓励读者行动起来，为环保出一份力。‎ ‎【难句分析】All that counts is the time in which we are living.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词All；in which＝where，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，修饰先行词the time。‎ 译文：重要的是我们所生活的时代。‎ ‎1．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage”可知，Schult的作品反映了环境问题，故选B。A项错在Schult的作品是用来当垃圾桶的，这一信息文章并未提及；C项错在Schult的作品首次是在法国巴黎展出，这与第一段最后一句“He first exhibited them in ‎1996 in the western German state of North RhineWestphalia”不符；D项错在Schult的作品是为了提高人们的经济意识，这与其环保思想相悖，故排除。‎ ‎2．A　考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“All that counts is the time in which we are living”和第二段的整体内容可推知，Schult的作品同样传递了这样一个思想，即艺术家除了自己的艺术追求之外，也应该有社会责任感，故选A。‎ ‎3．D　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try”可推知，作者认为普通人也可以利用周围的废物或者垃圾而成为一位艺术家，故选D。‎ ‎4．A　考查标题判断。文章最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you 7‎ ‎ try”点题，再结合全文内容可推知，本文主要通过讲述一位艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，激励人们行动起来，为环保作贡献，人人都可以成为一位艺术家，故A项最适合做文章标题。‎ 二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎(2017·吉林省部分学校高三一模)The important thing in life is to have a great goal and the determination to attain it.Living without a goal is like 61.____________ (sail) without a compass.Lack of purposes is the cause of most of 62.____________ (failure)．When a great aim has been decided on, determination and persistence are most important.‎ What separates the successful from the unsuccessful is persistence.The persistence is 63.____________ (necessity)．If you are persistent, you will succeed.When Ludwig van Beethoven 64.____________ (reach) his peak, he was totally deaf.If you study his biography, and become familiar 65.____________ his trials, his hardships, and battles, you can learn 66.____________ to defeat fate.Many organizational analysts and career consultants consider persistence 67.____________ (be) the ultimate (首要的) key to success at both 68.____________ organizational and personal level.Successful people also fail 69.____________ (occasional), but they do not let it defeat their spirit.Learning from defeats, they revise strategy as it 70.____________ (need) and try again, and again, and again, until they succeed.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一个人要成功应具备的素质——坚定的目标，实现目标的决心以及坚持不懈。‎ ‎61．sailing　解析：考查非谓语动词。没有目标的生活就像是没有指南针的航行。like在此是介词，故应用动词的－ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎62．failures　解析：考查名词单复数。缺少目标是大部分人失败的原因。failure在此指“失败的事”，是可数名词，且空前没有冠词或限定词，故使用复数形式。‎ ‎63．necessary　解析：考查词性转换。这种坚持是必要的。空处在此作表语，故用形容词。necessary意为“必要的”。‎ ‎64．reached　解析：考查时态。当路德维希·凡·贝多芬到达他人生的顶峰时，他完全听不见。主从句动作同时发生，根据主句中的“was”可知，从句应用一般过去时。‎ ‎65．with　解析：考查介词。此处指“如果你研究过他的自传，熟悉他经历过的磨难、困苦和战斗，你就会学会怎样战胜命运”。be/get/become familiar with sth.是固定用法，意为“熟悉某事”。‎ ‎66．how　解析：考查疑问词。此处指“你就会学会怎样战胜命运”，故用how “怎样”。‎ 7‎ ‎67．to be　解析：考查非谓语动词。consider sth.to be sth.是固定用法，意为“认为……是……”。‎ ‎68．the　解析：考查冠词。此处指“组织水平和个人水平”，表示特指，故用定冠词the。‎ ‎69．occasionally　解析：考查副词。成功的人偶尔也会失败。此处应用副词修饰动词。occasionally意为“偶尔，间或”。‎ ‎70．is needed　解析：考查时态和语态。it与need之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。这里叙述的是现在的一般情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ 三、短文改错。‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎(2017·河北“五个一名校联盟”高三质检)After school, I was about to enter into my apartment when I saw a little dirty dog lie beside the dustbin.He looked extremely weak.Immediately the homeless dog filled me of sympathy.So I decided to take him home.I gave him some food and a bath.After the bath he looked energy and refreshed.What a lovely dog!‎ When my parents got home, I asked that I could keep the dog.To my surprised and joy, they agreed.Up to now, he has become member of our family and everyone had enjoyed his company.Looked at the cute and happy dog today, I realize that I was right to help him.I offered him a shelter and he brought ourselves great happiness and laughter.‎ 答案：‎ After school, I was about to enter my apartment when I saw a little dirty dog beside the dustbin.He looked extremely weak.Immediately the homeless dog filled me sympathy.So I decided to take him home.I gave him some food and a bath.After the bath he looked and refreshed.What a lovely dog!‎ When my parents got home, I asked I could keep the dog.To my 7‎ ‎ and joy, they agreed. Up to now, he has become member of our family and everyone enjoyed his company. at the cute and happy dog today, I realize that I was right to help him.I offered him a shelter and he brought great happiness and laughter.‎ 四、七选五。‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Communicate with a Deaf Person Communicating with a deaf person doesn’t have to be as difficult as it might seem. The trick is to be patient, straightforward, and to remember that deaf people communicate visually. After you know it, you’ll forget you were ever worried! ‎ Method 1: Starting Your Conversation ‎　1　You can do this by moving into the person’s field of vision and waving from a polite distance, or by tapping the person gently on the shoulder. If it’s a real emergency, you can also turn the lights off and on quickly. ‎ Position yourself carefully. Make sure that the light in the room is shining directly onto your face, and that you’re not standing with your back to a light. 　2　 ‎ Find out how the person prefers to communicate. Some deaf people are better lip-readers than others. Some deaf people may prefer to write back and forth or to use an interpreter. Man interactions between the deaf and the hearing require a combination of these methods. 　3　 ‎ Method 2: Communicating through Lip-reading Keep your sentences simple and use plain languages. 　4　The more complex your phrasing and vocabulary are, the more likely your deaf companion is to miss something. Try to avoid using slang or expressions that aren’t widely known. When someone else is speaking, don’t turn away from the deaf person in your group. 　5　You don’t have to look at the deaf person while someone else is talking, but try to make sure your face is visible. ‎ A. Get the person’s attention. ‎ 7‎ B. It’s important not to talk too quickly. ‎ C. Or they’ll miss parts of the conversation. ‎ D. If so, it’ll make them feel left out of the conversation. ‎ E. Stand directly in front of the person, at a normal distance. ‎ F. The best way to know which methods are most effective is to ask. ‎ G. Try not to be too difficult when using your words in the beginning. ‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了如何和失聪的人交流。‎ ‎1. 【解析】选A。下文提到的进入某人的视野范围、礼貌地挥手、轻拍某人肩膀都是引起对方注意的方式。故选A项。‎ ‎2. 【解析】选E。由该段中“Position yourself carefully”可知, 该段主要建议我们要认真确定自己的位置。选项中和“position”有关的选项只有E选项。‎ ‎3. 【解析】选F。由该段中“Find out how the person prefers to communicate”可知, 该段建议我们要弄清楚对方喜欢哪种交流方式。承接该话题, F选项切题: 想知道哪种办法最有效, 最好的方式就是问一问。该选项和上一句中的“methods”呼应。‎ ‎4. 【解析】选G。上一句提到Keep your sentences simple and use plain languages尽量使你的句子简单, 使用简单的语言。承接该句, G选项切题: 在一开始, 尽量不要使用太难的词。‎ ‎5. 【解析】选D。上一句提到When someone else is speaking, don’t turn away from the deaf person in your group. 承接该句, D选项切题: 如果这样的话, 会使得他们感到被排除在了谈话之外。‎ 五、书面表达 ‎ ‎(2017·湖北八校高三联考)假定你是李华，你校刚刚举行了教学开放周活动，你的英国网友Tom对此很好奇，写邮件向你了解基本情况。请你给他回一封邮件，要点如下：‎ ‎1．活动时间：‎4月17日至21日；‎ ‎2．活动目的：让家长了解学生的在校生活，促进学校与家长之间的沟通；‎ ‎3．活动内容：开放课堂，举行主题班会，邀请家长讲话；‎ ‎4．自己的体会。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 7‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear__Tom,__‎ I’m happy that you’re curious about the Education Week held in our school recently and glad to give you a brief description of it.‎ In order to show parents the colorful school life of their children and promote the school’s communication with parents，an Education Week was held on April 17 through 21.During the week all classes were open to parents.It also included theme class meetings where students were proud to show off their talents.Besides，parents were welcomed to give advice on how to make our school better and share their experience in bringing up children.‎ The Education Week was a great success and we as well as our parents have benefited a lot from it.‎ Yours__truly,__‎ Li__Hua ‎ 7‎