2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 2 Cloning（含解析）新人教版选修8

2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 2 Cloning（含解析）新人教版选修8

Unit 2 Cloning 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解。‎ Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women’s rights long before they became a popular issue.‎ Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.‎ At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.‎ After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women’s suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming’s decision. It was not until 1920 that the U．S. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.‎ Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。‎ ‎1．What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?‎ A．They had low social status.‎ B．They could vote after getting married.‎ C．They managed money for their husbands.‎ D．They were responsible for decisionmaking.‎ 9‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At that time, women had few rights...Women could not vote”．可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故A项正确。B、C和D项均与此表述不符。‎ ‎2．What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Susan’s teaching experiences.‎ B．Susan’s educational background.‎ C．Susan’s efforts to abolish slavery.‎ D．Susan’s fighting for women’s causes.‎ D　解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是“Then she began organizing women’s groups to promote causes that were important to women.”可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?‎ A．Promoting the social movement.‎ B．Changing the U．S. Constitution.‎ C．Giving women voting rights.‎ D．Uniting other areas and states.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在Susan Brownell Anthony的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．The First American Woman to Invent Coins B．The Problem of Women’s Rights in the U．S.‎ C．The Most Popular Women Organizations D．A Pioneer in Fighting for Women’s Rights D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知D项最适合作文章标题。‎ ‎***语法填空。‎ 9‎ The truth__1__trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most __2__(important), oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.‎ The discovery __3__(make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students__4__were seeking a natural water filter—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have __5__(accessible) to modern water filter systems.‎ The __6__(research), led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through, while blocking out air bubbles.‎ They began by cutting 1.5－inch－wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the wood's filtering ability by __7__(pour) water containing red dye particles of different sizes through. To their __8__(amaze), they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles. __9__(encourage), the team conducted __10__experiment, this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, allowing only 1% to flow through.‎ ‎1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________ 　6.________7.________ 8.________ 9.________10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。树木对人类至关重要，本文通过两个实验证明了树木除了能够提供食物、木材、氧气等作用外，还能够隔离细菌。‎ ‎1．that 考查同位语从句的连接词。第1空后的内容解释说明名词truth的内容，因此设空处引导同位语从句，只起连接作用，不作成分。故填that。‎ ‎2．Importantly 考查词性转换。此处表示“最重要的是”，应用副词形式，构成固定短语most importantly，故填importantly。‎ ‎3．was made 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处动词在句中作谓语。根据全文主体时态为一般过去时可知，该句也应用一般过去时；make与discovery之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。‎ ‎4．who/that 考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是scientists and high school students，指人，故用who或that引导。‎ ‎5．access 考查词性转换。have access to为固定短语，意为“有使用……的机会”。‎ ‎6．researchers 考查词性转换及名词的数。根据本句中的decided to可知，设空处应填名词作句子主语，指“研究人员”，且由从句中的they可知，故应用复数形式researchers。‎ 9‎ ‎7．pouring 考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词pour，空前为介词by，其后应用动名词。故填pouring。‎ ‎8．amazement 考查固定用法。“to one's＋名词”为固定用法，意为“令某人……的是”，故填amazement。‎ ‎9．Encouraged 考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词形式，在句中作原因状语。‎ ‎10．another 考查限定词。根据第10空后的内容可知，这个小组又做了另外一个实验，故填another，意为“另一个”。‎ ‎***完形填空。‎ When Lisa Welch，from Jimboomba，Queensland，was struggling with what to gift her son for his upcoming 10th birthday，she was beaten.Her little boy Jorge has a __1__， who，born with Corticol Dysplasia，is unable to speak and his brain __2__ as an 18 months old.‎ Lisa had noticed that during the drive to school each weekday morning，Jorge almost jumped out of his seat __3__ every time they passed a big truck.This was what gave her the idea to put a post on the local Facebook Sell It page, __4__ a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour and __5__ take Jorge for a ride.Within minutes，Melissa Whelan，whose husband Tom drives a big truck，__6__ to be online and contacted(联系)Lisa, Jorge's birthday __7__ had been organized.‎ But the story doesn't __8__ there.The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.It was at this point that Gavin，another trucker，stepped in and __9__.Afterwards，he set up a __10__ page “Jimboomba Jorge” __11__ everyone could keep pace with what was unfolding.The __12__ of the birthday surprise spread，and enthusiasm and local community spirit __13__.Within 5 days，Gavin had organized a convoy(车队)of 214 trucks, with __14__ coming from across the country.He spoke with radio stations 4BC about Jorge and the convoy.Channel 9 Australia was contacted and they too made arrangements to be __15__ on the day.‎ Saturday the 15th December __16__ bright and sunny，which turned out the best ever birthday for Jorge.The community also __17__ a total of $1 700 toward Jorge's ongoing __18__ costs and __19__ the birthday presents was the donation of a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop.Lisa is excited that this can be used to aid Jorge with his __20__.‎ ‎1．A.toy B．disability 9‎ C．situation D．habit ‎2．A.treats B．considers C．functions D．describes ‎3．A.casually B．calmly C．excitedly D．violently ‎4．A.asking for B．depending on C．sending for D．bringing up ‎5．A.frequently B．gradually C．deliberately D．possibly ‎6．A.hesitated B．happened C．intended D．pretended ‎7．A.surprise B．invitations C．evening D．dance ‎8．A.end B．begin C．turn D．mean ‎9．A.pulled over B．handed over C．took over D．thought over ‎10．A.normal B．frequent C．usual D．special ‎11．A.in case B．even if C．as long as D．so that ‎12．A.time B．place C．rule D．message ‎13．A.grew B．sank C．lost D．fell ‎14．A.doctors B．drivers C．clerks D．patients ‎15．A.off B．out C．away D．there ‎16．A.showed B．wiped C．dawned D．varied ‎17．A.raised B．earned C．wasted D．spent ‎18．A.general B．medical 9‎ C．living D．travelling ‎19．A.between B．at C．among D．against ‎20．A.decision B．communication C．drive D．relationship ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲Lisa为她患病的儿子准备生日惊喜的故事。在很多人的帮助下，她的儿子Jorge度过了一个完美的生日，同时，Jorge还收到了很多生日礼物以及好心人的捐款。‎ ‎1．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“玩具”；B项意为“缺陷，障碍”；C项意为“情况”；D项意为“习惯”。根据空格后的“who, born with Corticol Dysplasia, is unable to speak and his brain ________ as an 18 months old”可判断出，Jorge生来身体上就有缺陷。故选B。‎ ‎2．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“对待”；B项意为“考虑”；C项意为“正常工作，运转”；D项意为“描述”。根据“is unable to speak”可判断出，Jorge大脑的运转水平大约和18月大的孩子一样。故选C。‎ ‎3．C　考查副词辨析。A项意为“不经意地”；B项意为“镇静地”；C项意为“兴奋地”；D项意为“强烈地”。根据上文中的“jumped out of his seat”可判断出，此处指Jorge每次看到有大卡车经过时都会从座位上兴奋地跳起来。故选C。‎ ‎4．A　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“请求”；B项意为“依赖”；C项意为“派人去请”；D项意为“提出，养育”。根据空格后的“a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour”可判断出，此处指Lisa是想请求一位有卡车的人来她家。故选A。‎ ‎5．D　考查副词辨析。A项意为“频繁地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“故意地”；D项意为“可能，也许”。根据语境可知，Lisa希望如果有可能的话，卡车司机可以载Jorge一程。故选D。‎ ‎6．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“犹豫”；B项意为“发生”；C项意为“打算”；D项意为“假装”。此处指丈夫是卡车司机的Melissa Whelan碰巧在线并联系了Lisa。happen to do意为“碰巧发生”。故选B。‎ ‎7．A　考查名词辨析。A项意为“惊喜”；B项意为“邀请”；C项意为“晚上”；D项意为“舞蹈”。根据第三段第五句中的“the birthday surprise spread”可知，此处指Lisa做这一切是想给儿子一个生日惊喜。故选A。‎ ‎8．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“结束”；B项意为“开始”；C项意为“转动”；D项意为“意思是”。根据下文内容可知，这个故事并没有到此结束。故选A。‎ ‎9．C　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“靠边停车”；B项意为“移交”；C项意为“接替，接任”；D项意为“仔细考虑”。根据下文中的“he set up a ________ page ‘Jimboomba 9‎ ‎ Jorge'”可知，另一位卡车司机介入并接替了这件事情。故选C。‎ ‎10．D　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“正常的”；B项意为“频繁的”；C项意为“通常的”；D项意为“特别的”。根据下文内容可知，这是一张特别的“page”。故选D。‎ ‎11．D　考查连词短语辨析。A项意为“万一，假使”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“以便”。此处指Gavin建立一个写有“Jimboomba Jorge”的页面以便每个人都能知道这件事情的进展。空格后面的状语从句表示的是结果，能引导结果状语从句的只有so that。故选D。‎ ‎12．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“时间”；B项意为“地点”；C项意为“规则”；D项意为“消息”。根据语境可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开了。故选D。‎ ‎13．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“增长”；B项意为“下沉”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“落下”。根据下文内容可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开来，热情和当地社区人们的情绪高涨。故选A。‎ ‎14．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“医生”；B项意为“司机”；C项意为“职员”；D项意为“病人”。根据上文中的“Gavin had organized a convoy(车队)of 214 trucks”可知，Gavin组织了一个由来自全国各地的司机组成的卡车车队。故选B。‎ ‎15．D　考查副词辨析。句意为：有人联系了澳大利亚的Channel 9，他们也做出了安排，那天会在那里(进行报道)。故选D。‎ ‎16．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“擦”；C项意为“天亮，破晓”；D项意为“变化”。根据“bright and sunny”可判断出，天亮之后才能阳光明媚。故选C。‎ ‎17．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“筹集”；B项意为“赚得”；C项意为“浪费”；D项意为“花费”。根据空格后的“a total of $1 ‎700”‎可知，社区也为Jorge筹集了1 700美元。故选A。‎ ‎18．B　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“全体的，普遍的”；B项意为“医疗的”；C项意为“活着的”；D项意为“旅行的”。因为Jorge是一个患病的孩子，根据空格前后的“Jorge's ongoing”和“costs”可知，这些钱是用来支付Jorge的医疗费用的。故选B。‎ ‎19．C　考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，Jorge的生日礼物很多，among the birthday presents表示“在这些礼物当中”，符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎20．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“决定”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“驾车路程”； D项意为“关系”。根据第一段中的“is unable to speak”和本段中的“a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop”可知，当地的Telstra商店送给Jorge一个平板电脑，Lisa认为这对Jorge的交流会有所帮助。故选B。‎ 亮点句积累：The offers of trucks and time kept pouring in.(第三段第二句)‎ 译文：可供使用的卡车和时间段不断涌来。‎ 词汇积累：pour v．不断涌向　organize v．组织 9‎ keep pace with保持同步，并驾齐驱 ‎***短文改错。‎ This is my fifth day at the summer camp. Life isn't exact what I expected. We have to get up early to make our beds before our teacher Miss Li come to inspect. After breakfast, we have some of free time. Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the only thing I catch was a tree branch. In the afternoon, there are different activity like horseback riding and hiking. They're fun, so nothing new for me. In the evening, everyone is assigned a different task to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of prepare the hot dogs, but I accidentally dropped it in the fire. The best part of camp is at night, where we sit around a campfire and tell stories.‎ 答案：‎ This is my fifth day at the summer camp. Life isn't what I expected. We have to get up early to make our beds before our teacher Miss Li to inspect. After breakfast, we have some free time. Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the only thing I was a tree branch. In the afternoon, there are different like horseback riding and hiking. They're fun, nothing new for me. In the evening, everyone is assigned a different task to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of the hot dogs, but I accidentally dropped in the fire. The best part of camp is at night, we sit around a campfire and tell stories.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第一处：exact→exactly　考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词应用副词。‎ 第六处：so→but　考查连词。前后两分句之间为转折关系，故用but。‎ 第十处：where→when　考查定语从句的引导词。此处先行词为at night，关系词指代先行词且在从句中作时间状语，故应用when引导。‎ ‎***‎ 9‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 9‎