上海高考英语词汇手册整理

上海高考英语词汇手册整理

词汇手册整理 ‎1. ability ‎ the ability to do the capability of doing ‎ be (un)able to do be capable of sth/doing ‎ 1 主语可以是物 2 可以加不好的事 ‎ Cf. was able to do ( = managed to do = succeeded in doing sth)‎ ‎ Could ‎ enable sb. to do ‎2. (ab)normal adj. ‎ ‎ n. above normal below normal return to normal ‎ Cf. average adj. 平均的； 典型，有代表性的 ‎ n. above/below average on (the) average ‎ against an average of … the average drivers ‎ ‎ common adj. 人人都有；到处可见 It’s common to have a mobile phone now. ‎ ‎ 共同；共有 have …in common; common interest ‎ ‎ ordinary adj. ‎ ‎ general adj. 总的the general manager the general idea/outline ‎ ‎ 社会一般的the general public general knowledge ‎ general election ‎ generally speaking ‎ ‎ in general VS in detail ‎ usual adj. ‎ ‎ universal adj. a universal truth/rule ‎ a universal language/universal peace/donor ‎ topics of universal interest ‎ n. the universe Cf. space 3. aboard adv. prep go aboard the ship.‎ On board 4. abroad adv. ‎ go/study abroad; from home and abroad ‎5. absence n. ‎ ‎ one’s absence from in the absence of = for lack of ‎ absent adj. be absent from VS be present at ‎ absent-minded 6. absorb vt. ‎ ‎ absorb light/water/heat/the training/what he says ‎ (sb.) be absorbed in sth/doing sth ‎7. accept vt. Cf accept an invitation ‎ ‎ receive an invitation ‎ Cf. be accepted by all ‎ be well/coldly/poorly received by all ‎ Cf. be accepted by a company ‎ be admitted to/into a company ‎ (un)acceptable adj. be acceptable to sb. ‎ 8. access (u)n. the access to the village ‎ ‎ have (easy/no) access to the library ‎ the Internet access ‎ (in)accessible adj. be ~ to 9. accident n. Cf. accident ‎ ‎ event ‎ incident ‎ issue ‎ by accident = by chance = accidentally = unintentionally ‎ on purpose = by intention = by design = purposefully = intentionally 10. according to the chairman/report according to the specific situation according to me (此表达法错，正确为so/as far as I am concerned)‎ 11. account ‎ account for 1)占据 Girls account for 30% of the whole class.‎ ‎2)解释…的原因 The student could not account for his absence.‎ Give a detailed/full account of sth Take sth into account/consideration On no account should we give up. We should not on any account give up.‎ 12. with great accuracy Cf. accurate ‎ exact ‎ actual 13. accuse sb. of sth charge sb. with sth arrest sb. for sth.‎ blame sb. for sth. = blame sth. on sb. ‎ scold sb. for sth.‎ criticize sb. for sth.‎ excuse sb. ror ‎ praise sb. for ‎ 14. accustomed adj. his accustomed seat/ an accustomed smile ‎ be accustomed to sth./doing sth. = be used to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ get accustomed to sth./doing sth. = get used to sth./doing sth.‎ 15. ache n. ‎ ‎ have a bad headache/stomachache ‎ vi. = hurt ‎ I ache all over.‎ ‎ My heart aches for you.‎ ‎ My leg has been hurting/aching since yesterday.‎ ‎ Cf. hurt (hurt, hurt)‎ ‎ vt. hurt my leg/have my leg hurt/hurt my feelings ‎ vi. My leg hurts.‎ ‎ wound vt. a wounded solider ‎ n. = injury ‎ injure vt. injure his leg / injure his feelings ‎ n. injury ‎ damage vt. damage the table/chairs ‎ damage one’s health/eyesight ‎ n. do/cause damage to ‎ Cf. damages ‎ destroy vt.‎ ‎ spoil vt. Spare the rod, spoil the child.‎ ‎ a spoilt child ‎ spoil his birthday party/the picnic ‎ Cf. offend him harm vt. harm sb. ‎ ‎ harm one’s eyes ‎ n. do harm to sb. = do sb. harm ‎ = be harmful to = be bad for 8. achieve vt. ‎ ‎ achieve success/ fame/recognition/an effect 达到（较抽象）‎ ‎ achieve a task/one’s aim 完成 ‎ achievement n. make achievements in ‎ accomplish vt. accomplish a task/one’s aim 完成 ‎ accomplish something/nothing/wonders/whatever you do 做到（具体）‎ ‎ fulfill vt. fulfill a promise/contrast 履行 ‎ fulfill a task 完成 ‎ fulfill one’s needs/requirements = meet; satisfy 满足 9. acquire vt. ‎ ‎ acquire sth. 获得 acquire a knowledge of French/a bad reputation 学得；养成 ‎ gain vt . gain sth. /gain（lose） five minutes a day ‎ obtain vt. obtain sth. /obtain one’s goal ‎ earn vt. earn sb. sth.‎ ‎ win vt. win sth./ win sb. sth. / win over sb. ‎ 10. ‎ across ‎ ‎ ~~ the desert; shout across the room; run across the plain ‎ Come across 11. act as ‎ act n. Cf. act ‎ behaviour ‎ action ‎ deed 12. actual adj. the actual price/ the actual cost/ his actual words/ in actual fact ‎ Cf. real real leather/silk ‎ a real person in real life ‎ true It’s not true. She made up the story.‎ ‎ true love/friends 8. adapt v. adapt sth. to sth.‎ ‎ adapt oneself to sth. = adapt to sth. ‎ adopt vt. adopt a child ‎ adopt a good attitude/the proposal adjust vt. adjust the focus/ the clock ‎ adjust oneself to sth. = adjust to sth.‎ 9. add v. add sth. to sth.‎ ‎ add up A and B ‎ add that 接着说 ‎ add to sth. = increase sth. 增添了 add to our helplessness ‎ (sth) add up to 总和 ‎ addition n. in addition to = besides ‎ in addition = besides = furthermore = what’s more 10. address n. 注意词义 ‎ vt. address the envelope ‎ address the meeting/ a large audience 11. admire vt. admire you/ admire your bravery /admire you for your bravery ‎ admire the beautiful sunset = appreciate ~‎ 12. admit vt. admit sb. to/into sp.‎ ‎ admit doing sth. VS deny doing sth. ‎ ‎ Cf. permit vt. permit sth. permit doing sth. permit sb. to do ‎ allow vt. allow sth. allow doing sth. allow sb. to do ‎ ‎ advise doing advise sb. to do ‎ recommend doing recommend sb. to do 13. advance v. ‎ ‎ n. C/U make advances in = make progress in ‎ advancement n. U ‎ advanced technology / advanced course 14. take full advantage of = make full use of = make the most of ‎ Cf. make the best of ‎ have an advantage over sb. ‎ 15. adventure n. 冒险的活动 Cf. venture n. 冒险的事业 Every venture has the possibility of making or losing money.‎ ‎ Risk 16. advertise the new car model in the newspaper advertise for a job/roommate 17. advise sb. on sth. suggest sth.‎ advise sb. to do suggest one’s doing advise doing suggest (to sb.) that … (should) do advise that…(should) do ‎ give advice to sb. on sth. make a suggestion to sb. ‎ ‎ give tips to sb. on sth.‎ 8. affair (usu. pl.) foreign affairs/ political affairs ‎ household affairs/ a love affair ‎ Cf. business ‎ ‎ do business with business hours on business or for pleasure ‎ It’s none of your business.‎ ‎ set up/start a business ‎ matter It’s a matter of choice/of personal tastes/life and death.‎ ‎ Is there anything the matter with you?‎ 9. affect vt . affect a child’s growth (不良影响)‎ ‎ be affected by the story = be moved/touched by the story ‎ be affected by a disease = be infected with/by a disease ‎ ‎ = develop/catch/pick up/(carry) a disease ‎ Cf. influence vt. influence a child’s thought/opinion ‎ n. U have influence on ‎ effect n. have an effect on ‎ achieve the intended effect ‎ cause and effect ‎ create a wonderful sound effect ‎ (sth.)take effect bring sth. into effect ‎ effort n. make effort(s) to do without effort(s) in one’s efforts to do ‎ spare no efforts to do through combined efforts ‎ impact n. have an impact on 10. afford vt. 买得起 afford sth. afford to do ‎ 承受得起后果 A language learner cannot afford not to have a dictionary.‎ 11. afraid adj. be afraid to do ‎ be afraid of doing ‎ Cf. I am afraid of dogs.‎ ‎ I fear dogs.‎ ‎ Dogs frighten me.‎ ‎ I am frightened at dogs.‎ 12. ‎ agree to do ‎ agree to my plan ‎ agree with me/my words/what I said ‎ His words don’t agree with his actions. 相符 ‎ The food/weather here does not agree with me. 适合，适宜 ‎ (All of them) agree on (a date)‎ ‎ come to/reach/arrive at an agreement ‎ agreeable(= pleasant) people/weather 13. ahead of me 在前面;胜过 ahead of time/schedule VS behind time ‎ ahead of one’s time/the times VS behind the times 落后于时代 14. aid n. a knowledge of first aid ‎ hearing aids audio-visual aids teaching aids ‎ come to/ go to one’s aid/help/rescue/assistance ‎ with the aid of = with the help of aid v. = help; assist ‎ ‎ aid (sb.) with sth.‎ ‎ aid sb. in doing ‎ 8. ‎ aim his gun at the target aim his words at me ‎ aim at sth. ‎ ‎ aim to do = aim at doing The advert aims at promoting good service. ‎ ‎ aim high ‎ achieve one’s aim to do sth.‎ 9. ‎ alike ‎ (adv.) The boss treats us all alike. (=in the same way)‎ ‎ (adj.) The two brothers look much alike. ‎ ‎ Cf. A looks like B. ‎ 10. Cf. alive the oldest man alive catch sb. alive keep sb. alive living the oldest living man the living and the dead a living language lively a lively boy/lesson live (adj.)a live broadcast/match experiment on live animals ‎(adv.)be broadcast live 11. all students/all the students/all of the students all of them in all all in all after all above all first of all all over ‎(not) at all 12. almost nobody/nothing/no…‎ not nearly satisfactory = far from satisfactory/perfect/enough almost/nearly everybody Cf. almost/most/mostly 13. alone adj. She is alone, but she isn’t not lonely.‎ ‎ adv. do it alone = do it on one’s own = do it by oneself ‎ Money alone(光，仅仅) can’t make me happy.‎ ‎ lonely adj. She is lonely.‎ ‎ a lonely girl ‎ a lonely village = a remote/faraway village 14. ‎ amaze vt. ‎ ‎ amuse vt. ‎ 15. have an ambition to do sth achieve/realize/fulfill one’s ambition 16. a large amount of; a great deal of + U plenty of, a large quantity of; large quantities of + U/C masses of; a good many; a large number of + C 8. in ancient times VS in modern times the ancients 9. be angry with sb. at/about sth.‎ 10. announce vt. 公开宣布 announce sth. ( announce their marriage) ‎ ‎ announce that…‎ ‎ declare vt. (权威.政府)宣布; 申报关税 declare sth. (declare peace/war)‎ ‎ declare sth/sb. (to be) + n./adj. (declare the meeting open)‎ ‎ declare that…‎ claim vt. 要求获得权利;认领某物 ‎ claim sth. (claim the wallet/ claim the reward) ‎ ‎ 自称 claim to do ( 无claim sb. to do) ‎ ‎ claim that…‎ ‎ demand vt. 需要 demand sth. ( demand great care/patience)‎ ‎ = need sth.= call for sth. = require sth.‎ ‎ (强烈)要求 demand sth. ( demand an apology/ demand a reasonable explanation) demand to do (无demand sb. to do)‎ ‎ demand that…(should) do ‎ require vt. 需要require sth.= need sth. = demand sth. = call for sth.‎ ‎ require doing = require to be done ( = want; need; deserve)‎ ‎ (规定) 要求require sb. to do ‎ (sb. ) be required to do ‎ require too much of sb. = ask too much of sb. = expect too much of sb. ( = beg sth. of sb.)‎ ‎ require that…(should) do ‎ n. requirement meet/satisfy admission/entrance requirements ‎ inquire vi. 咨询,询问 inquire for sth. = ask for ‎ ‎ inquire about sth. = ask about ‎ inquire into the matter ‎ inquire after sb.‎ ‎ n. inquiry make inquiries for/about/into/after…‎ ‎ request vt. 请求 request sth. (from sb. )‎ ‎ request sb. to do ‎ request that…(should) do ‎ n. make an request for sth.‎ ‎ a pamphlet will be sent on/upon request ‎ at one’s request = at the request of sb. ‎ ‎ command vt. command the army / command silence 指挥 ‎ command respect/ command a high price 博得 ‎ command a large vocabulary/ command English = master ‎ command sb. to do ‎ command that…(should) do ‎ n. have a good command of English = have a good mastery of English 8. ‎ annoy vt. 惹恼annoy sb. (with sth.) be annoyed by the poor bus service ‎ disturb vt. 打搅disturb sb. (with sth.) Don’t disturb.‎ ‎ 扰乱disturb the smooth surface of the river ‎ disturb the balance of nature ‎ 使…心烦意乱be disturbed by the news ‎ disturbance n.‎ ‎ interrupt vt. 打断interrupt us (with sth.) interrupt our conversation ‎ bother vt . 打搅bother sb. with sth.‎ ‎ vi. 麻烦;费心Don’t bother to do that.‎ ‎ Don’t bother about supper.‎ ‎ He hasn’t even bothered to write to his parents. ‎ ‎ 他甚至懒得写信给他爸妈 9. answer vt. answer the question = reply to the question ‎ answer the telephone/doorbell/the appeal of the government ‎ answer for …为。。。负责 ‎ n. = reply 10. ‎ be anxious for sth. = be eager for=be desperate for ‎ be anxious about sth. = be worried about ‎ 11. anyhow = anyway adv. 无论如何 Cf. somehow adv. 不知怎么的; 以某种方式 ‎ somewhat adv. = a bit; a little 12. apologize to sb. for sth.‎ make an apology to sb. for sth.‎ 13. appeal vi.恳求;要求 appeal to sb. for sth./ appeal to sb. to do sth. ‎ ‎ = call on sb. to do = urge sb. to do ‎ 诉诸appeal to war/arms ‎ 吸引appeal to me ‎ appeal n. make an appeal for sth.‎ ‎ Have great appeal for sb. 对某人具有很大的吸引力 14. Cf. sb. appear/seem/happen to be/to do ‎ ‎ There appear/seem/happen to be It appear/seem/happen that… ‎ Cf. sb. is said/reported/known/assumed/thought/believed…to be/to do It is said/reported/known/assumes/thought/believed… that…‎ ‎ As is known, …..‎ 15. ‎ have an appetite for sth. lose/stimulate one’s appetite 16. ‎ burst into applause warm applause join in the applause 17. ‎ electrical appliances = electrical equipment household appliances ‎ Cf. appliance 器具electrical/household appliances equipment U tool carpenter’s tools /gardener’s tools instrument lab/musical/medical instruments ‎ an instrument for/of communication device a device for peeling apples/for closing the door automatically implement 用具farming/writing/gardening implements facility U 便利 be used with great facility ‎ pl.设施 kitchen/airport/educational/language teaching facilities 8. complete/fill in/fill out an application form approve/refuse/reject/turn down an application make an application to sb. for sth.‎ the new application(s) of sth. in (a field)‎ apply to sb. for sth.‎ apply the rule to this occasion ‎(The rule does not) apply to the case The rule applies(be effective) till next May.‎ 9. appoint him (as/to be) chairman of the board meet at the appointed time see patients by appointment only make/have an appointment with sb.‎ 10. have an appreciation of modern art/paintings ‎ appreciate you/your talent appreciate modern art/paintings appreciate your help/appreciate your kindness in doing sth. ‎ ‎= thank you for your help = be grateful/thankful to you for your help ‎= show my gratitude to you for your help 11. 批准approve the plan wait for the fund to be approved 同意approve (of) your opinion 12. area n. cover an area of 100 square meters ‎ be outstanding in his area = in his field ‎ Cf. region ‎ district ‎ zone ‎ field 13. argue with sb. over/about sth. augue for/against sth.‎ argument n. ‎ 14. arise vi. = come up; appear; emerge arise from rise vi. = stand up = raise oneself rise to one’s feet ‎ The flag is rising. a rising flag VS a risen sun ‎ n. on the rise = on the increase rise and fall of an umpire raise vt. raise oneself ‎ ‎ raise a flag at the flag-raising ceremony ‎ raise one’s voice /the rent ‎ raise money = collect money ‎ ‎ raise pets = keep pets ‎ arouse vt. arouse curiosity/interest 15. ‎ arrange flowers arrange books ‎ arrange for sb. to do sth. Mom has arranged for me to study abroad.‎ ‎ arrange with sb. to do sth. I’ve arranged with Jack to meet at the square. ‎ ‎ make arrangements/preparations for sth./to do sth.‎ 8. ‎ arrive at VS. arrive in ‎ The letter reached me yesterday. (不可用get to/arrive at)‎ ‎ arrive at an agreement/decision/conclusion 9. article n. 文章write an article on sth.‎ ‎ 物品see articles of all kinds ‎ ‎ Cf. item n. 一则新闻a news item = an item of news ‎ 一项many items on display/on the list/in the test paper ‎ I love the last item on the program.‎ 10. ‎ artificial adj. an artificial flower/ snow/ leg/hand/eye/satellite ‎ an artificial smile/artificial manners ‎ Cf. synthetic fibers/materials ‎ false teeth a false statement/alarm ‎ fake money a fake painting by Picasso ‎ a faulty electric fan 11. ‎ such…as the same…as ‎ such a great man as he=a great man like him ‎ Cf. She is such a nice girl as is loved by all of us.‎ ‎ She is such a nice girl that she is loved by all of us.‎ ‎ She is such a nice girl as to be loved by all of us.‎ ‎ Cf. as, like ‎ ‎ as, though, although ‎ as, when, while ‎ as, which ‎ as…as, so…as ‎ as; because; since 12. be/feel ashamed of sth. ‎ Cf. shameful adj.‎ 13. be/fall asleep VS a sleeping baby ‎ be fast/sound asleep VS be wide awake 14. assign sth. to sb. ‎ assign sb. to sth. I was assigned to that project.‎ assign sb. sth.‎ assign sb. to do sth.‎ 15. 联系;联想associate A with B A be associated with B 有关联relate A to B A be related to B 结合combine A with B A combine with B ‎ 连接; 联系link A to/with B = connect A to/with B 系 tie A to B ‎ 16. ‎ 假定assume sth. (assume his innocence)‎ ‎ assume sb. (to be) + adj./n.‎ ‎ assume that ‎ 承担assume office/responsibility 8. ‎ assure sb. of sth. assure sb. that…‎ ‎ ensure sth. ensure sb. sth. ensure that…‎ ‎ guarantee vt. 保修 guarantee the clock for a year ‎ 保证guarantee to do = guarantee that…‎ ‎ 担保guarantee the painting genuine ‎ n. have a two-year guarantee under guarantee ‎ a guarantee of happiness ‎ a guarantee to do ‎ a guarantee that…‎ ‎ insure his house against fire 9. attack vt. a disease/disaster attack/strike/hit a place ‎ n. make/launch an attack on ‎ die of a heart attack 10. attach sth. to sth.‎ attach to sth. ‎ be attached to sth.‎ 11. ‎ attempt sth. attempt to do sth.‎ ‎ make an attempt at sth. make an attempt to do sth.‎ 12. attend a meeting/a concert/school/church attend (to) a sick child = tend (to) = look after = take care of attend to the matter 13. pay attention to sth./doing sth.‎ attract/draw/catch one’s attention catch one’s eye call one’s attention to sth.‎ 14. adopt/assume/take/maintain a positive/negative attitude towards/about sth.‎ 15. attract sb./sth.‎ attract sb. to/into sp.‎ distract sb. from sth./doing sth.‎ a tourist attraction (U)‎ 16. ‎ a large /small audience ( = vocabulary)‎ ‎ an audience of 100‎ 17. have authority over sb.‎ 18. be available to sb. make sth available to sb. ‎ ‎ Three basketball playgrounds are available to students. ‎ 19. avenge sth. on sb. ‎ 20. avoid sth. avoid doing sth.‎ Cf. prevent a disease 21. awake adj. ‎ awaken vt. awaken sb. ‎ wake vt. wake sb. (up)‎ ‎ vi. wake up waken vt. waken sb. ‎ ‎ vi. ‎ 8. award vt. award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. ‎ Cf. reward sb. with sth. for sth.‎ ‎ give/offer/hand sb. sth. = give/offer/hand sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ present sb. with sth. = present sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. ‎ ‎ supply sb. with sth. = supply sth, to sb. ‎ ‎ award n. Cf. reward, prize 9. Cf. be (un)aware of sth.‎ ‎ be conscious remain conscious after the accident ‎ be conscious of sth.‎ 10. be set in a background look nice against the black background 11. backward adv. go backward VS go forward ‎ adj. a background country 12. be badly needed/wanted be more badly needed/wanted be badly done be worse done be in bad/urgent need of sth 13. break/disturb/upset the balance of nature keep/lose one’s balance ‎ be in/out of balance ‎ eat a balanced diet 14. ban vt. ban sth.‎ ‎ ban sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ Cf. prevent/ stop/prohibit sb. (from) doing sth.‎ ‎ keep sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ forbid sb. to do sth.‎ 15. ‎ a bare mountain/branch bare feet/shoulders ‎ Cf. empty an empty bottle/ room ‎ vacant a vacant job/post ‎ rare a rare stamp/species/flower/metal ‎ Air is rare in the mountains.‎ ‎ scarce Fruit is scarce during the winter/war.‎ ‎ short be short of sth. give me short weight (短斤缺两)‎ 16. ‎ make a bargain with sb. = make a deal with sb. ‎ ‎ pick up a bargain 17. Cf. base an air base ‎ the base of the vase/statue ‎ basement in the basement ‎ basis (pl. bases) the basis of the theory on a regular basis ‎ foundation lay a solid foundation for sth. the foundation of the PRC ‎ the Nobel Foundation ‎ the foundation of the building 18. have/take a bath the bathing suit 8. Cf. beach go to the beach play on the beach ‎ coast off the coast along the coast on the coast ‎ seaside ‎ bank along the river bank 9. ‎ bear vt. 忍受(can’t) bear to do/doing sth. bear=stand=endure=put up with=tolerate ‎ ‎ 怀有bear/keep sth. in mind bear love/hatred for her ‎ 带有bear no date/your signature/the Red Cross ‎ 承受bear the weight/the expense/the responsibility ‎ 生育bear flowers/fruit ‎ born adj. be born of poor parents ‎ be born in/into a rich family ‎ be born lucky ‎ be born to succeed ‎ be born for the profession ‎ a born actor 10. ‎ beat (beat, beaten) vt./vi.‎ ‎ Cf. beat 反复击打 My heart/the drum is beating fast.‎ beat a naughty boy raindrops beat the window waves beat the beach ‎ strike(struck, stricken) ‎ ‎ 钟敲 The clock struck 12. ‎ ‎ 敲击Strike while the iron is hot.‎ He struck me on the head.‎ 擦亮strike a match 袭击An earthquake struck the country. = attack.; hit 打动；留下印象Her beauty struck me.‎ ‎ 突然想到The idea struck me. = The idea occurred to me.‎ ‎ It struck me that she was right. = It occurred to me that she was right.‎ hit(hit, hit)‎ ‎ 击中The ball hit me on the back.‎ ‎ 撞上The car hit the lamppost and blew up.‎ ‎ 袭击An earthquake hit the area.‎ ‎ 突然想到I hit on an idea. A strange idea hit him. ‎ Cf. beat (beat, beaten) beat sb. /a team ‎ defeat (defeated, defeated) defeat sb. /a team ‎ win win a game/match ‎ win a prize/some money ‎ win over sb. / a team ‎ lose lose a game/match ‎ lose to sb. /a team 11. 铺床make one’s/the bed ‎ read sb. a bedtime story ‎106. before It was (not) long before she came back.‎ ‎ two days ‎ a long time ‎ It won’t be long before she comes back.‎ ‎ since It is/has been long since she came back.‎ ‎ two days ‎ when It was two o’clock when she came back.‎ ‎ that It was at two o’clock that she came back.‎ ‎ It was long ago that she came back.‎ ‎ It was yesterday that she came back.‎ Cf .before long = soon She came back before long.‎ ‎ She will come back before long.‎ ‎ long before 107. beg (for) sth.‎ beg sth. of sb. = ask sb. of sb. ‎ beg sb. to do ‎ 108. begin with sth.‎ begin sth. with sth.‎ to begin with Cf. start 出发 We will start at 7am tomorrow.‎ ‎ （使）开始 When did the lesson/party/quarrel/fire start.‎ ‎ start a business/company = set up ‎ （使）启动 The car won’t start.‎ ‎ I can’t start the car.‎ ‎ begin Cf. begin to do 进行时 She is beginning to do her homework.‎ ‎ 非人做主语 It began to snow.‎ ‎ 加认知情感动词 I began to love/realize/understand/know…‎ ‎ begin doing from beginning to end at/in the beginning (of)‎ 109. Cf. behave behave oneself She always behaves well.‎ ‎ act It’s time to act. We should act quickly.‎ ‎ Don’t take her seriously. She is acting.‎ ‎ She acts well in the play. She acted (the role of) Queen in the play.‎ ‎ My teacher acted as the interpreter in the interview.‎ ‎ function The machine is not functioning properly.‎ ‎ perform perform a trick/a play perform on the piano = play the piano ‎ She performed well in the interview. The machine performed properly.‎ ‎ perform an operation/an experiment/one’s promise = conduct(=do)=carry out ‎ 107. Cf. believe ‎ believe in I believe you/your words this time but I don’t believe in you. ‎ ‎= I don’t trust you. She believes in God/Christianity/the existence of ghosts.‎ ‎ She believes in jogging for her health.‎ 108. sth. benefit sb. ‎ sb. benefit from sth.‎ sth .be beneficial to sb. ‎ Cf. sb. gain sth./a lot from sth.‎ ‎ sb. profit from sth./doing sth.‎ 109. You’d better do ‎ Better do It’s better to do know better than to do ‎* be better-off be better-known ‎* beyond the river/the mountains ‎ beyond all praise/expression/description/imagination 110. draw up a bill ‎ adopt/pass a bill pay the bill 111. bind(bound,bound)‎ Cf. bind bind a package with strings = tie ‎ bind papers into a bundle ‎ bind the soil ‎ fasten fasten the seat belt/safety belt/your coat ‎ lock ‎ ‎ stick(stuck, stuck) ‎ 刺；扎stick his fork into the meat ‎ 粘贴stick the stamp onto the envelope = attach ‎ 坚持stick to your idea ‎ 陷入困境be stuck/get stuck ‎ tie 扎tie a package with strings ‎ 绑tie his dog to the tree ‎ 联系tie your success into others’ opinions ‎ 束缚be tied to the desk all day long ‎ attach attach a stamp to the envelope = stick ‎ 附属be attached to the university ‎ fix fix a bike = repair ‎ 安装；固定fix a cupboard to the wall/ fix a table to the ground ‎ install install a telephone in the room ‎ equip equip the room with a telephone 107. give birth to 108. bit Cf. a bit a little ‎ a bit happy = a little happy ‎ a bit of food = a little food ‎ not a bit happy = not happy at all not a little happy = very happy ‎ do one’s bit for ‎ bit by bit = little by little= step by step = gradually 109. be written in black and white 110. blame sb. for sth. = blame sth .on sb. ‎ be to blame (be to let)‎ 111. Cf. blank fill in the blanks ‎ a blank in one’s memory/in one’s life ‎ gap watch the film from the gap between the two heads ‎ the gap between her teeth ‎ close/fill/narrow the generation gap ‎ crack There is a crack in the wall ‎ leak stop a leak in the roof/pipe 112. a blanket of air 113. blare one’s horns all day long 114. bleed(bled, bled) bleed to death (starve to death/be bored to death)‎ 115. He is blind in both eyes. 不能说成His left eye is blind.‎ ‎ (同样用法: dumb, deaf)‎ be blind to sth.‎ a blind choice ‎* block n. ‎ ‎ block vt. The street/water pipe was blocked.‎ ‎ Cf. hold up/crowd 116. be born with a certain blood type a blood test/a blood transfusion/ the blood bank stop the flow of blood indicate one’s blood type ‎* blow(blew, blown) Cf. flow(flowed, flowed)‎ ‎ v. blow a whistle blow up = explode = go off blow out the candle Cf. put out the fire the candle go out ‎ n. give sb. a heavy blow on the head It was a great/deadly blow to me.‎ 107. be on board go on board on the school board ( on a committee/on the school team//on a list)‎ a notice board ‎* body temperature the body language ‎ body VS mind physical VS mental spiritual VS material ‎ 108. book a ticket = reserve booking office 109. Cf. border a border conflict cross the French border ‎ the lace border of a handkerchief / a border of flowers round the lawn ‎ edge the sharp/dull edge of a knife ‎ on the edge of a table on/at the edge of a river/the town 110. bore sb. to death be bored with = be fed up with = be sick of = be tired of ‎* borrow sth. from sb. VS lend sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ Cf. You can keep (不能用borrow) the book for two weeks. ‎ ‎ some borrowed words in English 111. both…and… 用复数 Cf. not only…but also… / not…but…/either…or…/neither…nor… 就近分配 112. 面on the bottom of the bottle VS on the top of the car on top of the world 点at the bottom of page 10 VS at the top of page 10‎ from the bottom of my heart (at the top of the mountain VS at the foot of …)‎ from top to bottom on the bottom shelf 113. Cf. brain a brain disorder/damage ‎ brains have (good/no) brains ‎ use one’s brains ‎ mind 头脑have a quick mind ‎ 理智lose one’s mind absence of mind ‎ ‎ 注意Out of sight, out of mind. have sth. in mind ‎ with sth in mind ‎ Cf. have sth. on one’s mind ‎ 意向make up one’s mind(s) to do ‎ head a man with a big head ‎* brave adj. bravery n. ‎ ‎* breed n. Cf. species ‎* break one’s heart break a rule break a promise break a record ‎* have breakfast have a light/good breakfast have sth. for breakfast ‎* take/draw a deep breath hold one’s breath lose one’s breath = be out of breath ‎ breathe air 107. give/offer a bribe to sb. ‎ take bribes 108. brief adj. in brief = in short = to put it brief = briefly ‎ a brief stay / a brief fashion ‎* (sb.)bring sth. to an end (sb.)put an end to sth. (sth) come to an end ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎* have broad shoulders Cf. open one’s eyes/mouth wide ‎ have a broad view/horizon/mind ‎ ‎ broaden one’s horizon/view/mind 109. browse through a book = skim a book=leaf through a book Cf scan ‎ glance at ‎ stare at ‎ watch observe 110. budget n. a family/government budget for the coming year 111. build up vt. /vi.‎ ‎ build up one’s muscles/health/reputation/fortune/experience/character…‎ 112. bump my head on/against a tree bump into the wall = hit the wall bump into sb. = meet with = run into = come across 113. relieve/lighten/bear/share a burden 114. burn vt. be burned to ashes ‎ ‎ vi. Fire burns.‎ ‎ smell sth. burning (不是burned)‎ ‎ have the fire burning all night ‎ a burning candle = a lighted candle ‎* burst into tears/laughter/applause/leaves ‎ burst out crying/laughing ‎* bury oneself in a book/one’s studies ‎ with his head buried in a newspaper 107. anything but nothing but none but none other than not…but…= not…but rather…‎ not that…but that…‎ but for = without 虚拟 虚拟 + but + 事实 Cf. 事实 + otherwise + 虚拟 Cf. but/except do ‎ but/except to do ‎* business n. do business with sb. drive…out of business business hours ‎ start/set up/have a business on this road ‎ Mind your own business. It’s none of your business.‎ ‎ get down to business ‎* Cf. be busy with sth. be busy doing ‎ ‎* by day VS by night ‎ by and by = soon = before long ‎ by oneself Cf. by oneself = on one’s own ‎ in oneself ‎ of oneself ‎ to oneself ‎ for oneself be late by 10 minutes be taller than I by a head follow me by 10 meters be written by hand VS be written with the left hand succeed by working hard VS succeed through hard work by way of be paid by the hour be sold by the jin (Cf. by sold in hundreds)‎ The room is 10 meters by 5.‎ by 的时态 By the time I was 5, I was already able to speak English.‎ ‎ By the time I was 5, I had already learned to speak English.‎ ‎ By the time I got to the station, the train had already left.‎ ‎ By the time I got to the station, the train was already moving 107. call on sb. = drop in on sb.‎ call at sp. = drop in at sp. ‎ call sb. (up) = ring sb. (up) = give a ring to sb. = make a phone call to sb.‎ 108. a calm sea VS. a rough sea 109. go on a camping trip 110. campaign n.（一连串）军事行动 ‎ Cf. war ‎ battle ‎ 运动run/start/launch a political/election a campaign ‎ Cf. movement ‎ activity 111. as poor as poor can be can not but do Cf. cannot help doing ‎ ‎ cannot help to do 112. cancel = call off 113. capture 掌握词义 capture one’s attention 114. care n. free from care ‎ handle with care ‎ give medical care to ‎ ‎ leave my baby in/under the care of you ‎ take care of = look after = see to = attend to ‎ take care not to do ‎ care v. (not) care for a cup of coffee/the idea ‎ (not) care about my clothes ‎ (not) care to tell the truth ‎ careful adj. be careful with money/the vase ‎ be careful not to do ‎ careless adj. It’s careless of sb. to do 115. career n. follow a nursing career = take up nursing as one’s career = make nursing her career ‎ climb up the career ladder ‎ abandon one’s stage career ‎ read about the careers of her ‎ adj. a career woman ‎ Cf. job ‎ work ‎ occupation by occupation ‎ profession by profession 116. case n. a (typical/successful/famous) case of = example ‎ in this/that/no/any case in some cases in most cases ‎ in a case ( on an occasion; in a situation; under a condition/circumstance)‎ ‎ as is often the case ‎ in case of fire ‎ in case it rains = in case it should rain ‎ ‎ in the case of ‎* pay in cash Cf. pay by check pay by credit card buy sth. on credit ‎* casual VS formal ‎* catch me by the arm/hair/collar ‎ catch the early train ‎ catch a disease ‎ catch sb. (in the act of) doing ‎ catch hold of ‎ catch sight of ‎ ‎ catch up with Cf. keep up with the times ‎ * cause n. 原因cause and effect ‎ do sth. without good cause ‎ the cause of the accident Cf. the reason for ‎ the cause of SARS = the source (不是origin) of SARS ‎ 事业 a noble/just cause ‎ vt. cause sth.‎ ‎ cause sb. to do sth.‎ ‎*cease to do = cease doing Cf. stop to do, stop doing ‎ cease fire VS open fire 107. celebrate sth.‎ observe sth.‎ congratulate sb. on sth. ‎ 108. central adj. the central nervous system centre n. in the certre of a shopping centre ‎ a political/economic/cultural centre ‎ ‎* the wedding/flag-raising/graduation/opening/closing ceremony ‎ Cf. ceremony ‎ celebration ‎ anniversary 109. I’m sure/certain that…‎ It’s certain(不可用sure) that…‎ for sure/certain a certain book = some book ‎(sb.) be sure/certain of/about （人）对此肯定 ‎(sb.) be sure/certain to do 说话者肯定（人）一定会。。。‎ Be sure/certain to do 务必。。。‎ Make sure/certain that… = See to it that… （不可用将来时）‎ ‎* a chain of a mountain chain = a mountain range ‎ a chain store a chain reaction a chain smoker ‎* Cf. certificate ‎ ‎ diploma ‎ licence 107. challenge n. be faced with both an opportunity and a challenge ‎ accept a challenge ‎ vt. 挑战challenge sb. to sth. (challenge me to a race)‎ ‎ challenge sb. to do ‎ 质疑challenge sth. (challenge the data/the authority)‎ 108. champion n. (sb) the world’s heavy weight champion ‎ adj. a champion team ‎ championship n. (sth) win a championship ‎* chance n. C = opportunity a chance to do ‎ a chance of doing ‎ ‎ U=possibility Sb. have/There is no chance of + n.‎ ‎ Sb. have/There is no chance of + one’s doing ‎ ‎ Sb. have/There is no chance that…‎ ‎ Chances are (that)…‎ 109. on Channel 8‎ 110. character n. = personality * character(不用personality) training characteristic n. = feature ‎ adj. be characteristic of = be typical of = be unique to ‎* charge vt. charge sb. some money for sth. VS pay sb. some money for sth.‎ ‎ charge the battery ‎ charge sb. with sth.‎ ‎ n. 费用the charge for admission service charge free of charge ‎ 掌管Cf. be in charge of ‎ take charge of ‎ be in the charge of ‎ 控告make a false charge 111. chase = run after ‎ 112. a cheap product Cf. a low price 113. check vt. Cf. check check the door locks/the correct answers/the shopping list ‎ examine have my suitcase examined ‎ The doctor examined him thoroughly.‎ ‎ examine the students on vocabulary/in English ‎ test test the new sports car/medicine ‎ test the air for radioactivity ‎ test the students’ ability ‎ n. Cf. check make a check on the data ‎ examination a medical/physical/oral/written examination ‎ test a blood test a nuclear test an IQ test ‎ a test of a new medicine ‎ stand the test of time ‎* chemical n. ‎ ‎ adj. a chemical change ‎ Cf. a chemistry teacher/book/lesson/lab/test ‎* in one’s childhood his childhood home ‎* choose vt. choose sth. from ‎ There are many books to choose from.‎ ‎ choose sth. for sb. ‎ ‎ choose sb. (as/to be) chairman = elect; make ‎ ‎ choose to do ‎ can’t choose but do ‎ Cf. select ‎ ‎ elect ‎ choice n. make a careful choice of friends ‎ a wide choice of goods ‎ There is no choice but to do ‎* classify my books into three groups ‎ ‎ classify my books by/according to subjects ‎* clean vt. Cf. clean clean the table ‎ clear clear the table (of books) clear the road (of snow)‎ ‎ clear the rubbish clear the debts ‎ The sky cleared up.‎ ‎ The problem cleared up. clear up a problem ‎ adj. Cf. clean a clean table have a clean record ‎ clear a clear voice/explanation/sky/fact ‎ a clear view/space ‎ be clear of traffic/debt ‎ have a clear conscience VS have a guilty conscience 107. be clever with one’s fingers 108. cloth n. U 3 meters of cloth ‎ C a table cloth ‎ clothes n. (pl.) have many beautiful clothes ‎ a suit of clothes ‎ clothing n. an article of clothing ‎ food, clothing and transportation ‎* by a strange coincidence What a coincidence!‎ ‎* collapse = break down ‎* What color shoes do you prefer?‎ ‎* combine vt. (sb.) combine A with B ‎ vi. A combine with B ‎ combined adj. be combined with ‎ ‎ through our combined efforts 107. comfort vt. ‎ ‎ n. words of comfort live in comfort ‎* commit vt. 犯commit an error/a crime/suicide/robbery ‎ 交付commit the patient to the hospital ‎ commit a poem to flames/the fire/paper/memory ‎ commit his body to the earth/flames ‎*communicate with sb. by means of e-mail ‎ communicate sth. to sb. = convey sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ a major means of communication ‎* compare vt. compare A with/to B ‎ compare A to B ‎ compare sth.‎ ‎ Compared with A, B still has a long way to go.‎ ‎ vi. A (can’t) compare with/to B ‎ comparison n. make a comparison between A and B ‎ by comparison ‎ in comparison with ‎ beyond comparison ‎ Cf. opposite adj. the opposite way ‎ n. the opposite (of sth.)‎ ‎ contrary n. on the contrary ‎ contrast n. in contrast to/with ‎ be in beautiful/sharp contrast to/with ‎ ‎ a funny/sharp/nice contrast to sth./sb.‎ ‎* compete vi. compete with sb. for sth.‎ ‎ competition n. U stand out in the keen/fierce/intense competition ‎ in competition with sb. for sth ‎ C join in/take part in/participate in/take an active part in a competition ‎ competitive adj. a competitive person/society/spirit ‎ a competitive price/product ‎ ‎* complain to sb. of/about sth.‎ ‎ make a complaint to sb. of/about sth.‎ 107. pay compliments to sb. ‎ 108. be composed of = be made up of = consist of 109. conceal sth. from sb. = hide/hold back sth. from sb. ‎ 110. concern vt. 关系到The matter concerns all of us.‎ ‎ To whom it may concern ‎ everyone concerned ‎ 担心；关心be concerned about = concern oneself about ‎ ‎ as far as I am concerned ‎ n. 担心show concern about/for ‎ 关心的事My first/greatest concern is your health.‎ ‎ concerning prep. = about; as to; as for; in/with regard to…‎ ‎* in conclusion as a conclusion ‎* condition n. 环境;情景 under a condition = under a circumstance ‎ ‎ Cf. situation 处境 in a favorable/awkward situation ‎ 形势；局面 the present political/social situation ‎ 状况 be in good/poor condition ‎ the condition of weightlessness ‎ working conditions/ housing conditions ‎ Cf. state（抽象）情况 in a state of emergency/decline ‎ 心理状态one’s emotional state/one’s state of mind/ in an excited state ‎ （物质）三态 exist in a solid/liquid/gaseous state ‎ 条件 meet one’s conditions ‎ on condition that 111. conduct vt. conductor n. 注意词义丰富 112. confess vt. confess (to) sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ confess (to) doing sth . to sb. ‎ Cf. expose sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ admit sth./doing sth. ‎ 113. be confident of/about sth.‎ have confidence in 114. confirm vt. 证实 confirm sth.(his theory/the news)‎ ‎ confirm that…‎ ‎ 确认 confirm my belief ‎ confirm me in my belief 107. conflict vi. conflict with sb./sth. ‎ conflict n. a conflict of feelings/opinions ‎ a conflict between them ‎ be in conflict with ‎ 108. consider vt. 考虑 consider doing ‎ All things considered, he has done a good job.‎ ‎ 认为 consider sb .(to be/as) + adj./n.‎ ‎ be considered to do ‎ considering prep. = given ‎ Considering/Given his age, he has done a good job.‎ ‎ conj. ‎ ‎ Considering that/Given that he is still young, he has done a good job.‎ ‎ Cf. considerate ‎ considerable ‎ take sth. into consideration = take sth. into account 109. constant adj. 不停的constant complaints/ noise / pain ‎ 固定不变的constant temperature / speed/weather ‎ 忠诚的a constant friend ‎ Cf. continual 频繁的；反复的；陆续的 continual rain/invitations/complaints ‎ continuous （时间空间）连续不断的 a continuous body of water ‎ a continuous line of cars ‎ continuous rain ‎* be under construction (be under repair/treatment/examination/way/observation)‎ ‎ Cf. be in progress the construction site Cf. site ‎ location ‎ scene 110. consult sb. about sth.‎ consult a dictionary = turn to a dictionary = refer to a dictionary ‎ ‎= look up a word in a dictionary 111. Cf. contact vt. 联络contact sb. ‎ ‎ touch vt. 触摸touch me on the shoulder ‎ 感动The story touched me.‎ ‎ 涉及 The matter touches your future.‎ ‎ I’d like to touch on the topic.‎ ‎ Cf. contact n. 接触explode on contact spread by contact make eye contact with ‎ 联络make contact with sb. ‎ ‎ be in/keep in/get in contact with ‎ ‎ lose contact with ‎ touch n. 触觉It feels cold to the touch.‎ ‎ 联络be in/keep in touch with ‎ lose touch with ‎ be out of touch with 107. contain vt. 装着 The box contains my toys. The bottle contains some wine.‎ ‎ 容纳 How much can this bottle/hall contain?‎ ‎ 含有 contain a high level of carbon dioxide ‎ include vt. 包括…为一部分 The toys include some of mine. ‎ The price includes postage charges.‎ ‎ 把…包括在内 They included me in the team.‎ ‎ Everyone should come here, including you and me.‎ ‎ , you and I included.‎ ‎ involve vt. 把…卷入/牵扯/连累 involve sb. with sb. involve sb. in sth.‎ ‎ (sb.) be involved with sb. (sb. ) be involved in sth.‎ ‎ (必然)包含;意味着 Winning the game involves both skills and fortune.‎ ‎ Taking the job involves traveling all around the world.‎ 108. be contemporary with sb. ‎ 109. the content VS the form a table of contents ‎(contents 常用复数)‎ 110. continue sth. = go on with sth.‎ continue to do = continue doing ‎ Cf. go on to do ‎ go on doing To be continued.‎ 111. sign a contract with sb. ‎ 112. contribute vt. 捐助;提供 contribute a lot of money/some good ideas to the school ‎ vi. 有助于contribute to good health/the growth of the suburbs ‎ Cf. devote vt. devote time/energy/one’s life/oneself to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ (sb.) be devoted to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ 专用于devote each Saturday/two pages/the space to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ donate vt. 捐赠donate money/blood to a blood bank ‎ donor n. VS recipient n.‎ ‎*　control n. U have control over sb./sth.‎ ‎ be in control VS be in the control of ‎ be/get out of control ‎ take/bring/have sb./sth. under control ‎ control vt. (controlled, controlled) * convenience n. at one’s (earliest) convenience ‎ convenience stores ‎ for the sake of convenience ‎ convenient adj. Come to my office if it is convenient to/for you.‎ ‎ 不能说 if you are convenient.‎ ‎　　　　　　　 be located in a convenient place 113. convey sth from …to. ..= carry ‎ convey sth.(an idea) to sb. = communicate 107. corner n. in the corner of the house/one’s mouth ‎ at/on the corner of Road A and Road B ‎ around the corner It’s just around the corner. You can’t miss it ‎ The Entrance Examintions are around the corner.‎ ‎ See her appear/disappear around the corner.‎ ‎ vt. fight like a cornered animal ‎* correct one’s homework Cf. mark one’s papers ‎* cost vt. sth. cost (sb.) some money ‎ Cf. It take sb. some time to do sth.‎ ‎ It take some time for sb. to do sth.‎ ‎ sb. spend some time on sth.‎ ‎ sb spend some time (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ cost sb. sth. = cause sb to lose sth.‎ ‎ n. at all costs = at any cost = anyway = anyhow ‎ at the cost of = at the expense of ‎ at one’s own cost = at one’s own expense ‎ at cost price 108. Cf. country, nation, state the country = the countryside ‎* a couple of 　一对（可分）；　一两个；几个 ‎* in the course of ‎ take/do a course in economics ‎* cover vt. 覆盖cover the baby with a blanket Cf. wrap the baby in a blanket ‎ cover an area of ‎ ‎ (sp) be covered with sth. ‎ ‎ 掩盖cover up one’s mistake = hide/conceal ‎ 包含The story covers only 3 days.‎ ‎ The report covers all aspects of the problem.‎ ‎ 走过cover 800 meters in 3 minutes ‎ 够用;够付Will 100 yuan cover the bill?‎ ‎ 报导cover the Iraq War/the election campaign ‎ n. a cover girl ‎ from cover to cover 109. craft n. learn some old crafts ‎ a spacecraft / many spacecraft ‎* crash vi. crash into another car = bump into = run into = hit ‎ A vase crashed onto the ground.‎ ‎ n. be killed in an air/plane crash ‎ fall to the ground with a loud crash.‎ ‎ Cf. crush vt. 压碎;压坏crush grapes/a tablet/my hat ‎ smash vt.使粉碎 smash (up) all the windows ‎ ‎ 107. Cf. create God created the world.‎ ‎ create a character/a painting/a dress/a fashion create a system/organization/state = set up create confusion/an awkward situation/an effect = produce = bring about ‎ invent invent the bell/the dictionary ‎ invent a story/an excuse = make up ‎ discover ‎ produce produce cars = manafacture ‎ produce fine crops/wheat/eggs = bear = give birth to ‎ produce your licence = take out ‎ ‎ produce a play/a book/a film ‎ produce confusion/an effect 108. credit n. 信用; 贷款; 存款 109. crew集合名词用法 110. crowd n. a crowd of ‎ a crowd gather/form around the scene ‎ vt. (sp) be crowded with sth.‎ 111. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.‎ 112. cultivate some plants = grow = raise ‎ (= plant 表示瞬间)‎ ‎ cultivate a child = bring up a child = educate a child ‎* cure vt. cure me cure a disease cure me of a disease ‎ (治愈)‎ ‎ Cf. treat me treat a disease treat me for a disease with a medicine ‎ (治疗)‎ ‎ 对待treat me well/like his daughter ‎ 认为treat me as his friend = think of = regard = consider = look on/upon ‎ 招待treat me to dinner = entertain me to dinner(= entertain me with a film)‎ ‎ relieve me relieve the pain/symptom relieve me of the heavy bag/work ‎ ‎ (使宽慰) (减轻) (减轻)‎ ‎ n.C There is no cure for AIDS.‎ ‎ Cf. treatment U under treatment ‎ C try different treatments for cancer ‎* be curious about be modest about be economical about ‎* current adj. the current year/ the current chairman current affairs ‎ the current issue of the magazine ‎ Doing sth. is current. = fashionable ‎ ‎ Cf. latest ‎ recent ‎ n. an electricity/air/warm/cold current ‎* custom n. Cf. custom ‎ habit ‎ Cf. custom ‎ Customs 107. cycle n. the cycle of the seasons the business cycle ‎ = bicycle ‎ vt. 使…循环cycle sth.‎ vi. 循环 骑车cycle to work ‎ Cf. circle vt./vi. 环绕 ‎ recycle vt. ‎ ‎* Cf. dairy (dairy products) diary (keep a diary) daily ‎* Cf. damp ‎ wet 108. danger n. be in danger ‎ save sb. out of danger ‎ a danger signal a danger zone ‎ a danger to sb. = a threat to dangerous adj. a dangerous tiger ‎ Cf. a girl in danger ‎*Cf. need 情态 直接否定,疑问 ‎ 无任何时态变化 ‎ 只加动词原形 ‎ 不用于肯定句 ‎ 行为 need + to do ‎ + doing = to be done ‎ + n. ‎ ‎ dare 情态 直接否定,疑问 ‎ 有过去时(dared) ,但无第三人称单数 ‎ 只加动词原形 ‎ 可用于肯定句 dare say ‎ 行为 dare + to do ‎ 否定时to可省 (doesn’t dare to do = doesn’t dare do)‎ 109. in the dark 110. dash n. 短跑; 一笔; 猛冲; 破折号 111. deal vi. how to deal with VS what to do with ‎ n. make a deal with sb. = make a bargain with sb. ‎ ‎* debate n. Cf. debate ‎ quarrel ‎ argument 112. deceive sb. into doing sth. = cheat sb. into doing persuade sb. into doing = persuade sb. to do tempt sb. into doing 107. decide on sth.‎ decide against sth.‎ 108. decline vt. Cf. decline decline the offer/invitation/gift ‎ refuse refuse the offer/invitation/gift ‎ refuse sb. sth. = refuse sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ reject reject the offer/invitation/gift ‎ reject a job candidate ‎ be rejected by the army for his poor eyesight ‎ rejected products/ fruit/paper ‎ turn down ‎ ‎ vi. Cf. reduce vt. ‎ 109. decorate sp. with sth.‎ fill the bottle with water crowd the bag with books line the streets with cars 110. decrease vi. Cf. reduce vt.‎ 111. defend vt. Cf. defend 保护 defend myself (from/against a drunken man)‎ ‎ 保卫(武力) defend our motherland against attack ‎ 捍卫 defend one’s ideas/right/claim ‎ 防守 defend well in the match ‎ protect protect my eyes from the sunlight/the rain/the cold ‎ preserve 保护(历史价值的古老东西)‎ preserve the old temple/our culture/the dying language ‎ 保存食物preserve fruit in sugar/salt/cans ‎ 保持;维持preserve one’s strength/eyesight ‎ ‎ maintain 维持;维护maintain good health/world peace/law and order ‎ 维修maintain a car/road/house ‎ remain 仍然是= is still ‎ ‎ remain + adj.‎ ‎ + n.‎ ‎ + v.ed ‎ + v.ing ‎ + 介词结构 ‎ 留下来 Some students remained after class.‎ ‎ 剩下 Nothing remained after the earthquake.‎ ‎ 留待 remain to be done/said ‎ reserve 保留;储备reserve some money for future use = set aside = put aside ‎ ‎ 预定reserve a seat/ticket/room = book ‎ 保留reserve my comment/ my right to rufuse 112. be defined as by definition 113. a definite answer be definite about sth 114. degree n. get/receive a bachelor’s degree ‎ 37 degrees ‎ a high degree of ability/civilization ‎ to some degree = to some extent 107. delay vt. delay sth.‎ ‎ delay doing ‎ ‎ Cf. delay The flight was delayed by a heavy fog. ‎ ‎ postpone = put off The meeting was postponed/put off until next Friday.‎ ‎ n. after a delay of two hours ‎ without delay 108. deliver vt .deliver newspapers/milk/mail Cf. transmit information/a message/data 109. demanding adj. a demanding job Cf. rewarding adj. a rewarding job = worthwhile 110. deny vt. 否认deny sth.‎ ‎ deny doing ‎ There is no denying the fact that…‎ ‎ 拒绝deny sb. sth. = deny sth. to sb. = refuse sb. sth. = refuse sth. to sb.‎ 111. depart from sp. for sp. ‎ 112. depend on 依靠 = rely on = count on ‎ depend on sb. for sth. ‎ ‎ depend on sb. to do sth.‎ ‎ 取决 It/That (all) depends!‎ ‎ be dependent on sb. for sth.‎ ‎ to do sth.‎ ‎ be independent of one’s wishes ‎ gain/win/achieve independence from ‎ ‎ one’s dependence on ‎ 113. deposit vt . 使沉积 A layer of soil was deposited by winds .‎ ‎ 存放 deposit his bag in the cloakroom ‎ 储蓄 ‎ ‎ vi. 沉淀 ‎ n. 沉积物 There is some deposit at the bottom of the bottle.‎ ‎ 存款 ‎ 定金 charge deposit on sth.‎ 114. depress vt. depress sb. ‎ ‎ depress the market/sales/economy ‎ depressed adj. (sb.) be depressed ‎ a depressed market/economy depressing adj. the depressing news 115. describe sth. to sb. ‎ describe sb. /sth. as ‎ beyond description a vivid/detailed description of sth 116. desert n. ‎ desert vt. desert a house ‎ a deserted house ‎* deserve vt . deserve sth.‎ ‎ deserve to do ‎ deserve to be done = deserve doing (=need, want, require)‎ Cf. worth prep. be worth 100 yuan ‎ be worth the efforts/the trouble/a visit ‎ be worth doing (主动表被动)‎ ‎ n . the worth of friendship = value ‎ a month’s worth of food ‎ 10 yuan’s/dollars’ worth of apples ‎ worthy adj. a worthy professor = respectable ‎ a worthy cause ‎ be worthy of praise/consideration/attention ‎ be worthy to be done = be worthy of being done ‎ worthwhile adj. a worthwhile job = a rewarding job ‎ It is worthwhile to do/doing 107. design n. ‎ ‎ vt. 旨在 (sth.) be designed for sb. = be intended for sb. = be meant for sb. ‎ ‎ (sth.)be designed to do = be intended to do (= be meant to do)‎ 108. desire n. arouse /create a desire satisfy a desire a desire to do sth. a desire for sth . a desire that…(should) do ‎ vt. desire sth. = want sth. = expect sth. ‎ ‎ Cf. hope for sth. = wish for sth. = long for sth.‎ ‎ desire to do ‎ desire that…(should) do leave a lot to be desired = leave room for improvement * despite = in spite of + n. = for all + n. ‎ ‎ + wh- 从句 (不可直接加that从句) ‎ ‎ + the fact that…‎ 109. detail n. in detail VS in general ‎ for further details detailed adj. a detailed description 110. determine vi.‎ determined adj. ‎ determine to do = be determined to do = decide to do = make up one’s mind(s) to do 111. develop vt. 发展 develop one’s English speaking skills ‎ develop the store into a supermarket ‎ develop one’s body and mind ‎ develop one’s muscles = build up ‎ 开发 develop a new product / an estate / solar energy ‎ 养成 develop a habit = form = get into = build up ‎ ‎ develop an interest in art/ a taste = cultivate ‎ 患病 develop a disease = catch = be affected by = be infected with ‎ 详述 develop an idea ‎ 冲洗 develop the film ‎ vi. 发展,生长 develop from…into…‎ Cf. developing ‎ ‎ developed 107. devote…to doing sth.:‎ ‎ look forward to /give time to / lead to / pay attention to / stick to / object to doing ‎* die vi. 时态 She has died.‎ ‎ She is dead.‎ ‎ She has been dead for 10 years.‎ ‎ She died 10 years ago.‎ ‎ die a glorious death (live a happy life)‎ ‎ Cf. die of a disease/cancer/a bad cold/a heart attack/shock ‎ hunger/thirst/heat/cold ‎ excitement/anger/sorrow ‎ die from pollution/overwork/a wound in the chest be dying to do sth.‎ ‎ be dying for sth.‎ ‎ Cf. dead VS dying ‎ drowned drowning ‎ sunken sinking 108. be on/go on a diet a healthy/balanced/vegetarian/meat diet ‎* A differ from B in … = A is different from B in…‎ ‎ It makes a difference/makes no difference to me whether you come or not.‎ 109. He is difficult to get along with.‎ ‎ hard, different, easy, fit, unfit, possible, comfortable … adj.后动词主动表被动 ‎ have some/no trouble/difficulty with sb./sth.‎ ‎ have some/no trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ with/without difficulty 110. digest food in the stomach Some books are to be digested.‎ 111. Cf. digit a three-digit salary ‎ number the number of the students in this school ‎ figure (数据) according to official figures ‎ 外型;轮廓 the dim figure of a ship on the horizon ‎ 人型 see a figure approaching in the dark ‎ 身材 112. Cf. dim adj. 昏暗 in the dim light of a candle ‎ 模糊不清 a dim figure/outline/memory ‎ faint adj. 微弱 a faint sound/ smell/breath ‎ I don’t have the faintest/slightest/vaguest idea wh-…‎ 暗淡 a faint color ‎ vi. 昏 ‎ vague adj. 含糊;不明确 a vague plan/answer/idea/memory ‎ vague knowledge about Shakespeare ‎ I don’t have the vaguest idea wh-…‎ ‎* dip vt. dip the pen in/into the ink ‎ dip one’s finger in/into the soup ‎ vi. dip into the sea ‎ dip into a book 107. direct vt. direct sb. + prep.‎ ‎ direct sb. to do ‎ adj. ‎ ‎ adv. Cf. direct = straight ‎ go direct home after school ‎ fly direct to Shanghai ‎ directly be directly related to each other ‎ be directly opposite the store ‎ come here directly ‎ direction n.U have no sense of direction ‎ go in the direction of the school ‎ in all directions ‎ under the direction of sb.‎ ‎ pl. follow one’s directions = instructions ‎ director n. a board of directors 108. Cf. dirt ‎ dust ‎ earth ‎ soil ‎ land ‎* the disabled VS the normal ‎* the disadvantaged ‎* disappoint vt. disappoint sb. ‎ ‎ disappoint one’s hopes ‎ be disappointed at sth.‎ ‎ a disappointed look/expression/voice ‎ a disappointing result ‎ to one’s disappointment in disappointment 109. discipline n. establish/keep/maintain discipline 110. disconcert vt. 挫败 (sb.) be/feel disconcerted by sth.‎ 扰乱. disconcert our original plan 111. be discouraged by sth.‎ discourage sb. from doing encourage sb. to do encourage sb. in sth.‎ an encouraging smile/encouraging words 107. have a discussion with sb. with./about/over sth.‎ a heated discussion under discussion ‎* a heart disease (不用illness, sickness)‎ ‎ (during his illness/sickness)‎ ‎ die of a disease ‎ suffer from a disease ‎ spread a disease ‎ prevent (不用avoid) a disease ‎ catch/develop/be infected with/be affected by a disease ‎ carry a disease/virus ‎ conquer/defeat/fight a disease ‎* dislike sth. dislike doing sth.‎ Cf. like sth. like to do like doing ‎ would like to do feel like doing ‎ have a dislike for sth.‎ ‎ likes and dislikes 108. dismiss vt. dismiss an employee = fire = sack = lay off ‎ dismiss the class/army 109. disorder n. U in disorder = out of order = in a mess ‎ C suffer from a mental disorder ‎ (dis)orderly adj. friendly, likely, lovely, lively…‎ 110. be on display = be on show = be on exhibition 111. Cf. dissolve vt/vi.‎ ‎ melt ‎ 112. in the distance from the distance at a distance a distant village = faraway = remote ‎ be distant to sb. ‎ ‎ a distant relative ‎* distinguish v. distinguish A from B = distinguish (between) A and B ‎ ‎= tell A from B = tell A and B apart ‎ distinguish oneself = become famous = make one’s name= make a name for oneself ‎ ‎ distinguished adj. a distinguished guest = an honorable guest = an honored guest ‎ be distinguished for = be famous for = be well-known for ‎ be distinguished as = be famous as =be well-known as 113. distress n . in distress = in sorrow 114. distrust n.U look on sb./sth .with distrust ‎ ‎ vt. ‎ trust n. 信任 be worthy of trust ‎ command/enjoy one’s trust ‎ have/put/place trust in sb. ‎ ‎ hold a position of trust in the company ‎ 信托 a trust fund an investment trust 107. Cf. divide sth. in two / in half divide sth. into two parts / into halves/ into two ‎ Cf. divide the whole class into two groups ‎ separate the first group from the second group ‎ isolate the sick student from the rest of the class 108. divorce sb. = get a divorce from sb. = be divorced from sb. ‎ 109. see a doctor send for a doctor 110. domestic service/life domestic products/affairs VS foreign domestic animals = tame animals VS wild animals ‎* play a dominant role a dominant figure the dominant party ‎* double vi. 翻倍Sales doubled this year.‎ ‎ 弯曲double up in pain ‎ vt. double his salary within 5 years ‎ adj. She is double my age. I want double the amount.‎ ‎ a double room/bed VS a single room/bed ‎ a double chin/character ‎* doubt vt. I doubt his honesty.‎ ‎ = I doubt that he is honest.‎ ‎ I doubt whether he is honest. = I don’t know whether he is honest or not.‎ ‎ I don’t doubt that he is honest. = I believe that he is honest.‎ ‎ = I believe in/trust his honesty.‎ ‎ Do you doubt that…?‎ ‎ Cf. doubt sth. /that… 疑惑,不肯定 ‎ suspect sth./that… 猜疑是 ‎ question sth. = doubt sth.‎ question sb. on sth. 询问 doubt n. I have some doubt of/about/as to sth.‎ ‎ wh-从句 ‎ There is some doubt of/about/as to sth.‎ ‎ wh-从句 ‎ I have no doubt that…‎ ‎ There is no doubt that…‎ ‎ in doubt 111. be/come down with a bad cold 112. dozen 用法同 hundred, thousand…‎ ‎ two dozen eggs ‎ dozens of eggs ‎ Cf. two score eggs = two score of eggs ‎ scores of eggs ‎ be sold by the dozen ‎ Cf. be sold in hundreds 107. a great drain on ‎ The drain is blocked.‎ 108. draw vt. 拉;拖; 拔 draw the curtain ‎ draw me to her ‎ draw water from a well ‎ draw a knife/sword/nail ‎ have one’s teeth drawn out /pulled out /taken out ‎ Cf. pull pull a cart ‎ pull out a tooth/nail ‎ push push me forward on my way to succeed ‎ drag (用力或缓慢)拖 drag the heavy table into the corner ‎ (强迫)硬拖 drag myself out of bed reluctantly ‎ drag the boy to the dentist’s ‎ 提取 draw some money from a bank VS deposit ‎ ‎ 画 draw his characters well ‎ 吸引 draw/attract one’s attention ‎ draw a huge crowd to the spot ‎ 获得 draw a lesson/conclusion/a profit 109. dream of doing sth.‎ realize one’s dream of doing sth.‎ dream a dream Cf. Your dream is likely to come true.‎ Your dream is likely to be realized Your dream is possible to realize.‎ 110. dress n. U = clothes in formal/casual dress ‎ C 女裙a beautiful dress vt. dress sb. ‎ ‎ dress oneself ‎ vi. She dresses well.‎ ‎ She dressed quickly to catch the train.‎ ‎ dressed adj. 动作She got dressed quickly.‎ ‎ = She put on her clothes quickly.‎ ‎ 状态 She is dressed in a beautiful gown.‎ ‎ = She is wearing a nice gown today.‎ ‎ = She wears a nice gown today.‎ ‎ = She has a nice gown on today.‎ 111. drill vi. 钻孔 drill a hole/ drill a tooth ‎ 反复操练 ‎ Cf. drill drill in English pronunciation ‎ drill troops ‎ exercise vi. 锻炼身体exercise more ‎ n.C 练习 do exercises in English ‎ 操 do morning/eye exercises ‎ U 锻炼 do/take/have some exercise ‎ lack exercise ‎ practis(c)e vt. 练习 practis(c)e sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ 实习 practis(c)e Judo on your friends ‎ practice n. It takes a lot of practice to…‎ ‎ put sth in/into practice ‎ combine theory with practice ‎ Practice makes perfect.‎ ‎ train vt. train sb. for the job ‎ train sb. as a nurse ‎ train sb. to do sth ‎ training n. have no specialized/techical training ‎ a training course/school ‎ teach vt. teach sb. sth.‎ ‎ teach sb .wh- to do sth. ‎ ‎* drink tea/coffee/milk/beer/wine take medicine eat soup ‎ a drunken man ‎ be drunk 107. Cf. drip vi. 滴 ‎ drop vt. 洒 drop soup down his suit ‎ 掉 drop a book on the floor ‎ 降低 drop one’s voice = lower one’s voice ‎ vi. 滴 ‎ 掉落 ‎ 降低 (price/wind/voice)‎ ‎ Cf. drip n. 滴 ‎ drop n. 滴 ‎ 降落 ‎* Cf. drought flood famine ‎* due to 常用表语 ‎ because of = owing to = thanks to = on account of用状语 108. a dull lesson = boring a dull edge VS a sharp edge a dull boy = a slow boy 不鲜明的a dull color/ a dull thunder/ a dull pain 109. dump rubbish on the road dump low-quality products on foreign markets ‎* at dusk at dawn at day-break at mid-day at noon at night at mid-night ‎* It’s my duty to do have no sense of duty ‎ do one’s duty the rights and duties of a citizen on/off duty duty free Cf. tax 107. Cf. each pronoun. >=2 个性 ‎ adj.‎ ‎ every adj. >=3 共性 特殊用法:‎ ‎ Not every man is honest.‎ ‎ = Every man is not honest.‎ ‎ every two days = every second day ‎ = every other day ‎ ‎ every few lines 108. be eager for sth.‎ be eager to do sth.‎ be eager that… (should) do be eager in one’s studies ‎ in one’s eagerness to do sth 109. earn/make a living ‎ earn/win sb. the respect of all (不用gain/obtain)‎ earnings 用作复数 (如savings, findings, beginnings…)‎ 110. Cf. on earth ‎ on the earth ‎ in the earth ‎* do sth. with ease = without difficulty ‎ Cf. It is easy to find the answer.‎ ‎ The answer was found easily (= with ease).‎ Cf. Take it easy = Don’t worry.‎ Ttake your time. = Don’t rush. * east n./adj. The sun rises in the east. ‎ ‎ Cf. in the east of ‎ to the east of ‎ on the east of ‎ 完全倒装 East of the country lies a mountain.‎ ‎ = To the east of the country lies a mountain.‎ ‎ an east wind ‎ eastern adj. in eastern culture/countries 111. economy n. domestic/national economy ‎ economy class Cf. business class, first class economics n. major in economics economic adj. economic growth / situation economical adj. an economical car/woman ‎ be economical of/about economist n. ‎ 112. Cf. edition the first/latest edition a paperback/pocket edition ‎ a revised edition a rare edition ‎ version the simplified version ‎ editor n. the chief editor = the editor-in-chief ‎ editorial adj. the editorial office/staff ‎ the editorial section ‎ an editorial article = an editorial ‎ n. ‎ ‎* Cf. educate vt. educate sb. ‎ ‎ educate sb. to do ‎ train vt. train sb. to do / as/for guide vt. guide sb. in their studies instruct vt. instruct sb. in their studies ‎ instruct sb. to do receive higher education well-educated adj. ‎ 107. Cf. effective ‎ efficient 108. respect the elders 109. elect/choose/make/appoint sb .(to be/as) chairman 110. Cf. electric ‎ electrical 111. element n. a chemical element ‎ Life in London is made up of many elements.‎ ‎ the elements of success = the secret of success = the key to success ‎ Cf. elementary in the elementary school = in the primary school ‎ elementary, intermediate and advanced level ‎ ‎ primary in the primary school ‎ 3 primary colors ‎ of primary importance ‎ my primary concern 112. an embarrassed expression an embarrassing situation 113. in case of emergency = in an emergency Cf. emergency an emergency exit/box/ward/brake/measures ‎ urgent an urgent matter/call/letter/need 114. Cf. emotion n. stir/arouse our emotions ‎ appeal to our emotions ‎ full of emotion ‎ feeling n. I have a feeling that something will happen.‎ Understand/hurt my feelings ‎ sense n. a keen sense of smell/sight…‎ ‎ a sense of direction/duty/honor/music/humor/business…‎ ‎ lack common sense ‎ ‎ make sense ‎ mood n. be in a good/bad mood ‎ be (not) in the mood for sth ‎ to do sth.‎ ‎ humor n. have a good sense of humor ‎ = mood be in a good/bad humor ‎ be (not) in the humor for sth.‎ ‎ to do sth.‎ ‎ temper n. have a bad/hot/short temper ‎ lose one’s temper 107. lay/put/place emphasis on sth.‎ 108. create employment opportunities 109. flow into the sea = empty into the sea be empty of VS be full of ‎ end v. end sth. with sth.‎ ‎ end (up) with sth.‎ ‎ end (up) in prison/in failure ‎ end (up) as a doctor ‎ n. (sb.) put an end to sth.‎ ‎ (sb.) bring sth. to an end ‎ (sth.) come to an end ‎ at the end of ‎ in the end 110. an endurance test 111. an enemy of/to VS a friend of 112. Cf. energy ‎ power ‎ force ‎ strength ‎*engage oneself in sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ (sb.) be engaged in sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ (sb.) be engaged to sb. ‎ ‎ The line is engaged/busy.‎ 113. Cf. enlarge vt. enlarge one’s vocabulary ‎ ‎ broaden vt. broaden one’s mind/view/horizon ‎ expand vi. 膨胀Metals expand when heated.‎ ‎ vt. 展开expand one’s chest ‎ expand its wings/the sails ‎ vt. 扩大expand business/trade/economic ties ‎ expand his article into a book ‎ extend vt. extend the subway to the suburbs ‎ extend the meeting another 20 minutes ‎ extend a building/an athletic field ‎ extend one’s hand to ‎ extend help to ‎ extension n. U the extension of the meeting/subway ‎ C build an extension to the house ‎ arrange a two-day extension to her holiday ‎ Extension 123‎ ‎ extent n. 广/宽/长度 20 miles in extent ‎ 范围 I’m amazed at the extent of his knowledge.‎ ‎ 程度 to some extent = to a certain extent ‎ = to some degree = to a certain degree ‎ extensive adj. an extensive knowledge of history ‎ extensive reading ‎ stretch vt. stretch a rope/a rubber band ‎ ‎ stretch one’s arm/legs/potentiality ‎ stretch the shoes/gloves ‎ spread vt.摊,伸展,涂,洒 spread the map/the wet clothes/a new cloth ‎ spread its wings = expand ‎ spread a blanket over the baby ‎ spread jam on his toast ‎ spread salt on his steak ‎ 传播 spread the news/information/knowledge spread a disease 107. enter for a contest = sign up for a contest 108. entertain sb. with sth. Cf. entertain sb. to dinner places of entertainment ‎ 109. Cf. entire 整个 the entire mountain/ the entire morning = whole ‎ 抽象 in entire ignorance / an entire failure = complete = total complete 完备,完善的 a complete set of tools ‎ the complete works of Shakespeare ‎ 抽象 = entire = total whole 整块,完整的 eat the whole fish/cake ‎ 整个 the whole world/family ‎ the whole morning = entire total adj.总数的 the total amount ‎ 抽象 = complete = entire ‎ n. work out the total ‎* entitle vt. 取名entitle the book Money = call/name the book Money ‎ ‎ = refer to the book as Money ‎ 使某人享有权利 entitle sb. to sth. ‎ ‎ 使某人有权利做 entitle sb. to do sth.‎ ‎ Cf. qualify vt. qualify sb. for sth.‎ ‎ qualify sb. to do sth ‎ ‎ qualify sb. as…‎ ‎* protect the environment ‎ the environment/the surroundings in which a child is brought up ‎* equal adj. (大小,数量，程度)相等be equal to ‎ ‎ 平等be born equal ‎ equivalent adj.等值的 What is 7 dollars equivalent to in RMB?‎ ‎ 相当的 = equal 107. equip(equipped, equipped)‎ ‎ vt. equip sp. with sth . Cf. install sth. in sp. ‎ ‎ equip sb. for sth. = prepare sb . for sth.‎ ‎ equip sb. to do = prepare sb. to do sth.‎ 108. erect vt. erect a monument = build erect a tent/ a flagpole = set up = post (up)‎ 109. Cf. error ‎ mistake ‎ fault 110. escape v. 逃跑 escape from a burning house ‎ escape from reality ‎ escape doing ‎ escape my attention/my lips/my memory ‎ 逸出 Gas is escaping from/out of the hose.‎ ‎ n. have a narrow escape ‎ an escaped prisoner (a retired worker)‎ 111. Cf. especially ‎ Specially 112. It’s essential/important/necessary that …(should) do 113. establish a company = start = set up= found establish a system/rule/law = create = form ‎ 114. estimate vt. estimate his age at/to be 30‎ ‎ It is estimated that…‎ ‎* Cf. everyone VS every one ‎ anyone any one ‎ no one none 115. 要B exchange A for B = trade A for B ‎ replace A with B = substitute B for A = B substitute for A ‎ ‎ exchange seats/gifts/opinions with sb.‎ ‎* excuse vt. excuse sb / sth.‎ ‎ excuse sb. for doing sth. = excuse one’s doing ‎ Cf. forgive vt. forgive sb. /sth.‎ ‎ forgive sb. sth. = forgive sb. for doing sth. ‎ ‎ excuse n. find an excuse for sth.‎ ‎ invent/make up an excuse ‎* expect vt. 期待; 预料 希望 希望 ‎ expect sth. wish for sth. hope for sth.‎ ‎ expect too much of sb. ‎ ‎ expect to do wish to do hope to do ‎ expect sb. to do wish sb. to do ‎ ‎ expect that… wish that + 虚拟 hope that…‎ ‎ Cf. He is younger than I expected.‎ than expected.‎ than was expected.‎ He came back earlier than I had expected.‎ ‎ than expected.‎ ‎ than had been expected.‎ ‎* expense n. at the expense of = at the cost of ‎ ‎ at one’s own expense = at one’s own cost ‎ ‎ living expenses = living cost = the cost of living ‎ spare no expense to do ‎ cut down on expenses ‎ Cf. fee n. 会费;入场费an admission fee/ a club fee/ a membership fee ‎ 酬金 a doctor’s fee/a lawyer’s fee / a fee for consultation/ tuition fees ‎ = tip ‎ fare n. 车费 ‎ charge n. 费用the charge for admission service charge free of charge ‎ 掌管Cf. be in charge of ‎ take charge of ‎ be in the charge of ‎ 控告make a false charge ‎* experience n. U (in)‎ ‎ C ‎ Vt. = go through = undergo ‎ (in)experienced adj. (in)‎ 107. experiment n. make/do/conduct/perform/carry out an experiment on ‎ ‎ be proved by experiment ‎ vi. experiment on/with sth. ‎ 108. an expert in/on/at a specialist in be expert in sth./doing sth. be specialized in sth.‎ 109. exploit vt. exploit natural resources = develop ‎ ‎ exploit one’s skills/talents/friends/authority = make use of = take advantage of ‎ exploit the poor 110. explore the unknown / the moon 111. expose sth to sth. (the wind/rain/dangers/the sunlight)‎ ‎ She was sleeping, with her arms exposed to the air.‎ expose the secret/his identity to sb. ‎ expose children/oneself to the language ‎ 107. express n. ‎ expression n. wear a delighted expression on his face ‎ beyond expression ‎ an expression of politeness 108. be threatened with extinction 109. catch one’s eye = catch/draw/attract one’s attention do eye exercises keep an eye/a close eye on sth.‎ see sth .with one’s own eyes with jealous/sleepy eyes the eye of a needle 110. face n. in (the) face of ‎ face to face ‎ look sb. in the face ‎ v. The room faces south. = faces to the south.‎ ‎ A problem faces us. = We are faced with a problem.‎ ‎ We should face the problem bravely. = face up to a problem ‎ face the music 111. fail vi. fail (in) a test ‎ fail to do ‎ Her health is failing. = She is failing in health.‎ ‎ failure n. one’s failure to do sth.‎ 112. Cf. 修饰比较级和too 语序 意思 fairly a fairly hard problem 正好 ‎ rather rather too tall a rather hard problem 太过了 ‎ rather taller than I rather a hard problem ‎ quite a quite hard problem ‎ quite a hard problem 113. faith n. 信任 put/place one’s faith/trust in ‎ ‎ lose one’s faith/belief in God ‎ ‎ have blind faith in what she says ‎ 信念 Faith moves the mountain.‎ ‎* sb. be familiar with sth.‎ ‎ sth. be familiar to sb. ‎ 114. fancy n. 幻想live in a world of fancy ‎ 喜爱;迷恋 have a fancy for sth.= take a fancy to sth ‎*It’s fashionable to do sth.‎ ‎* do sb. a favor = do a favor for sb. ‎ ‎ ask a favor of sb. ‎ 115. feature n. a feature on the Olympics ‎ the features of the city ‎ vt. feature sth.‎ ‎ feature sb. ‎ 116. feed vt. feed a dog on meat ‎ ‎ feed meat to a dog ‎ vi. feed on = live on ‎ ‎ be fed up with ‎ feed back 107. a fierce animal fierce heat/anger fierce competition 108. fight sb/sth = fight with sb/sth = fight against sb/sth fight for fight one’s way (make/feel/find/lose/squeeze/wind one’s way…)‎ fight a fight 109. be filled with = be full of 110. Cf. find ‎ ‎ find out 111. Cf. finish v. 吃完;喝完 finish the food/drinks = finish up = finish off ‎ complete v. 填好 complete an application form = fill in = fill out ‎ 完工;竣工 complete a bridge ‎ 使…完备 complete my set of Shakespeare ‎ Cf. finished adj. 完成了的 a finished product ‎ complete adj. ‎ 112. fire n. C make/build/lay a fire ‎ light/start a fire ‎ put out a fire (the fire) go out ‎ U play with fire ‎ be on fire = be in flames ‎ catch fire ‎ set fire to sth. = set sth. on fire ‎ insure my house against fire 113. firm 坚定的 a firm faith ‎ be firm in one’s belief ‎ 坚固的 on firm ground ‎ a firm foundation ‎ be firm on its feet ‎* first It is the first time (that) I have come to Shanghai.‎ ‎ It was the first time (that) I had come to Shanghai.‎ ‎ In 1990, I came to SH for the first time.‎ ‎ When I saw her for the first time, she was still a little girl.‎ ‎ The first time I came to SH, she was still a little girl.‎ ‎ at first sight 114. fit adj. be fit for the job = be suitable for the job ‎ The water is not fit to drink.‎ ‎ It’s not fit for sb. to do ‎ keep fit = keep healthy ‎ vt. The dress fits you perfectly.‎ ‎ The key doesn’t fit the lock.‎ ‎ Cf. The dress doesn’t suit you, as you are too young for such a style.‎ ‎ The dress matches your shoes well.= go with ‎ ‎ The dress matches the color of your hair/eyes.‎ ‎ The dress doesn’t match your age.‎ ‎ fit a speech to the occasion ‎ Vocational training will fit you for a job. = prepare = qualify ‎ fit you to do the job. = equip = prepare = qualify ‎ vi. fit in with 107. Cf. float vi. sth. is floating in the air/on the surface of the river ‎ a floating bridge/ floating population/ floating votes ‎ flow (flowed, flowed) vi. Water/River/Crowd/Traffic is flowing.‎ ‎ n. the flow of blood/water/traffic ‎ flutter vi. Flag/Curtain/Flowers/Leaves flutter ‎ vt. flutter the wings 108. fold sth. up He stood there, with his arms folded across his chest.‎ folding chair/screen ‎* follow sb. be followed by sb. ‎ ‎ follow one’s advice/the rules ‎ It doesn’t follow that…‎ ‎ as follows ‎ on the following day = on the coming day = on the day to follow = on the day to come 109. focus n. adjust the focus ‎ in /out of focus ‎ the focus of attention/the argument ‎ vi. focus (one’s attention) on = concentrate on 110. fool vt. fool sb. into doing sth. (= cheat/persuade sb. into doing)‎ ‎ n. He is no fool.‎ ‎ be fool enough to do ‎ make a fool of sb. = make fun of sb. = play a joke on sb. ‎ ‎ Cf. foolish ‎ stupid ‎ simple ‎* be for sb./sth. VS be against sb./sth.‎ ‎ for all = in spite of = despite for free for fun/pleasure or on business for good = forever He looks young for his age. = He doesn’ t look his age.‎ for sale Cf. on sale for the sake of for the good/benefit of 111. Cf. force sb. to do ‎ oblige sb. to do 107. Cf. form in the form of ‎ take the form of ‎ style hair style ‎ life style ‎ writing style ‎ a Japanese-style conversation ‎ manner ‎ way 108. the former VS the latter Cf. formal ‎ former ‎ Cf. former our former English teacher ‎ previous in the previous line ‎* back and forth ‎* be free from/of worry and trouble ‎ free of charge ‎ be/feel free to do ‎ set …free = release = free ‎ for free ‎ ‎ freedom of speech ‎ freedom from care ‎ the freedom to do sth.‎ 109. Cf. frozen food ‎ freezing point ‎ freezing cold 110. make friends with be friends with be friendly to in a friendly way 111. Cf. from then on 一般过去时 ‎ since then 现在完成时 ‎ from now on 一般将来时 112. fruit bowl 113. Cf. fuel ‎ fume ‎ flame ‎ frame 114. It’s great fun doing Cf. fun ‎ funny 115. furnish sp. with sth. (= equip, crowd, fill, line)‎ a piece/article of furniture ‎* Cf. in future in the future ‎* No pains, no gains.‎ ‎* a close game ‎ ‎ play a losing game 107. gather around sp. ‎ 108. have a talent/gift for 捐赠make a gift to the library (不可用present)‎ ‎* a gold ring a gold fish a gold medal ‎ golden hair the golden rule about 109. It is no good/use dong Is it any good doing?‎ Cf. The more you read, the more good it will do (to) you.‎ ‎ The more you read, the better it will be.‎ 110. a university graduate graduate from a university = be graduated from a university the graduation ceremony 111. Cf. a grammar book/school ‎ a grammatical rule/error ‎* grasp vt. grasp the boy by the collar ‎ grasp the main idea ‎ n. take a firm grasp on the rope ‎ have a thorough grasp of the issue = understanding 112. express one’s gratitude to sb. for sth. ‎ out of gratitude ‎* grave adj. 严肃的in a grave voice a grave situation ‎ 重大的a grave problem/decision ‎ gravity n. the gravity of the situation/problem ‎ the force of gravity the centre of gravity ‎*be greedy of/for sth.‎ ‎ be greedy to do ‎ 113. greetings = regards= wishes= compliments give/send/offer/extend my greetings to sb.‎ ‎* grief n. U be in deep grief die of grief ‎ C a grief to the family ‎* group vt. 聚集 group the students to take a picture ‎ 分组；归类 group the books into three fields ‎ vi. 聚集 group around the teacher = gather around ‎ n. group singing/discussion/therapy 114. a growing population ‎ enjoy a growing popularity in the growth of ‎ the growth rate 115. on guard 107. guess right/wrong 108. the guest team VS the host team 109. under the guidance of TV guide a tourist guide ‎* have a guilty conscience VS have a clear conscience ‎ be guilty of VS be innocent of 110. Cf. habit develop/form/build up/cultivate/get into a habit ‎ have/be in the habit of doing ‎ get rid of/get out of/break away from a habit ‎ break sb. of a habit ‎ make it a habit to do ‎ out of habit (out of gratitude/out of curiosity)‎ ‎ hobby take up/go in for/pursue a hobby 111. one and a half years = a year and a half cut it in half = cut it in halves half the amount = half as much as sth.‎ ‎ give up halfway 112. give/lend sb. a hand with sth.‎ be written by hand by written with the left hand be short of hands hand in hand on the other hand shake hands with ‎ from mouth to hand ‎* handle the food handle the vase with care handle the problem = deal with 113. hang (hanged, hanged) vt. ‎ hang(hung,hung) ‎ ‎ vt. The picture was hung on the wall by Mary just now.‎ vi. On the wall hangs a picture.‎ On the wall is hanging a picture.‎ There is a picture hanging on the wall.‎ 114. happen vi. Cf. happen ‎ take place ‎ occur Rain seldom occurs in this area.‎ ‎ Two misprints occur on this page.‎ ‎ sb. happen to do ‎ ‎ It (so) happen that…‎ 115. be good/bad/cruel/kind…to sb. ‎ be hard on sb. ‎ be strict with sb. ‎ ‎* hardly/scarcely/seldom/barely….when…‎ no sooner…than…‎ 116. a hardworking child = a diligent child succeed through hard work succeed by working hard 107. have sb./sth. do have sb./sth. doing have sb./sth. done have sb./sth. to do 108. head vt. head the Party/the crowd/the list ‎ head the boat out to sea/head the boat for the shore ‎ vi. head for the school = make for the school = go in the direction of the school ‎ head home 109. heap n. a heap of clothes on the floor / a heap of rubbish ‎ a heap of difficulties = many ‎ vt. heap these bricks up ‎ vi.‎ 110. I won’t hear of that. = I don’t allow that.‎ Cf. hear sb. /sth.‎ ‎ hear of/about ‎ ‎ hear from sb. ‎ 111. have heart trouble/disease die of a heart attack/die of heart failure lose heart (不是lose one’s heart)‎ ‎* the heavens = the sky VS the earth ‎* a heavy blow/rain/drinker/smoker ‎ traffic is busy/heavy is here. ‎ ‎ heavy damage/loss/responsibility/punishment ‎ with a heavy heart VS with a light heart 112. hesitate about/over sth.‎ hesitate to do without (a moment’s) hesitation 113. hide sth. from sb. = conceal/keep back sth. from sb. ‎ be hidden from view a hiding place ‎* Cf. adv. jump high think/speak highly of ‎ go deep into the sea be deeply moved ‎ come closer to me be closely related / be closely examined ‎* Cf. hire a boat/bike by the hour ‎ hire an employee/five more hands = employ ‎ ‎ rent a house ‎ borrow a bike (for free)‎ ‎* Cf. a historic event/site/spot/battle/building ‎ a historical novel/background/ historical research/studies ‎ a history teacher/lesson/book/test ‎ a case history ‎ Cf. Chinese history the history of China ‎ American literature the literature of America ‎ the English language 107. hold vt. hold sth. in her hands ‎ hold yourself still/ hold the door open for me ‎ hold 800 people = seat ‎ ‎ hold a large estate/an important post/a title ‎ hold one’s breath/anger ‎ hold a meeting ‎ hold strange ideas 108. on holiday/vocation 109. honor n. U win honor for ‎ show honor to sb. = show respect for sb. show an appreciation of sth.)‎ ‎ in honor of (in memory of)‎ ‎ do sb. the honor of doing ‎ have the honor of doing/to do ‎ C She is an honor to our school.‎ ‎ It’s an honor to do ‎ pl. graduate with top honors ‎ honorable adj. respectable 110. Cf. hook ‎ hoop 111. hope n. There is no hope/chance/possibility of sth./doing sth.‎ There is no hope/chance/possibility that…‎ ‎ hope vi. I hope so. I hope not.‎ ‎ I fear so. I fear not.‎ ‎ I guess so. I guess not.‎ ‎ I am afraid so. I am afraid not.‎ ‎ I say so. I don’t say so.‎ ‎ I think/believe….so. I don’t think/believe…so.‎ ‎ I think/believe…not.‎ 112. Cf. house ‎ household n. 一家人 ‎ adj. household appliances/chores/accounts ‎ home ‎ family 家庭; 家人 ‎* 人类 man, mankind, (humanity)‎ ‎ humans, human beings ‎ humanity n. U 人性; 人类 113. hunt tigers/hunt big game hunt for a job = look for = search for = be after 114. identify the flower/the dead body identify sb./sth. as your own an unidentified body/an unidentified flying object make a fingerprint identification ID card = identification card = identity card 107. an ignorant fellow VS learned, knowledgeable be ignorant of Cf. ignore ignore the traffic rules/my advice ‎ neglect neglect one’s duties/health/family/ one’s meals and sleep ‎ neglect to do = neglect doing ‎ overlook (由于粗心)忽略 overlook a spelling mistake ‎ 原谅 overlook my fault ‎ 俯瞰 overlook the whole city ‎ 监视;监管 overlook many employees 108. Cf. ill ‎ Sick 109. Cf. illustrate the theory with a picture/many examples ‎ explain sth. to sb. ‎ ‎ illustration n. give an illustration of sth. by way of illustration ‎ a book full of illustrations ‎* image n. improve one’s image ‎ Her image remains fresh in my mind.‎ ‎ have a false image of China = idea ‎ Cf. image n. ‎ imagine vt. imagine sth./doing /one’s doing ‎ Cf. imaginable every imaginable means = every means imaginable imaginary imaginative an imaginative story/writer ‎ have a vivid/active imagination ‎ beyond imaginable 110. immediate adj. 立即 an immediate answer/take immediate action/‎ have an immediate effect ‎ 直接 = direct an immediate cause/leader ‎ 贴近 the immediate future ‎ 111. be patient of sth.‎ be patient with sb. ‎ 112. Cf. personal ‎ private ‎ individual adj.‎ ‎ n.‎ 113. Cf. It’s (im)possible for sb. to do ‎ It’s (im)possible that…‎ ‎ adj. find it possible to do the best possible performance = the best performance possible a possible accident ‎ if possible ‎ as…as possible ‎ It’s highly (im)probable that…‎ ‎ adj. a probable candidate for minister ‎ It’s (un)likely that…‎ ‎ Sb. is (un)likely to do ‎ There is (un)likely to be… ‎ ‎ adj. a likely result ‎ adv. He will very/most/quite likely pass the exam.‎ 107. Vt. impress sb. (well/deeply/favorably/badly…)‎ impress sb. with sth.‎ ‎ as sth.‎ ‎(sb) be impressed by/with/at sth./sb.‎ n. give sb. an impression ‎ leave/make an impression on sb. ‎ ‎ What were your first impressions of SH?‎ 108. improve vt./vi. Cf. improve ‎ ‎ increase ‎ advance ‎ develop ‎ As her health improves = With her health improving = With her improving health ‎ Improvement n. make improvements in ‎ an improvement on/of/over sth.‎ ‎ room for improvement 109. Cf income ‎ salary ‎ wages 110. Cf. indicate 表示;指出 indicate the need of practice ‎ indicate interest/one’s feelings ‎ 象征;预示 indicate illness ‎ 标示 indicate the way to the park ‎ indicate the time left ‎ indicate my blood type 111. inform sb. of/about sth. remind sb. of ‎ accuse sb. of ‎ rob sb. of ‎ assure sb. of ‎ keep sb./oneself well-informed of inform sb. to do inform sb. that…‎ give/offer/provide information on/about sth.‎ collect/gather information an informative book/person ‎* inherit sth. from sb. VS leave sth. to sb. ‎ ‎* in ink = with a pen ‎* Cf. insist that + 虚拟 “坚持要去做” suggest that + 虚拟 “建议要去做”‎ ‎ insist that + 真实 “坚持认为” suggest that + 真实 “表明;暗示”‎ ‎ Cf. insist on 坚持认为要去做 ‎ stick to 坚持原则 stick to one’s promise/principle/idea/viewpoint ‎ 坚守岗位 stick to one’s post ‎ 忠诚 stick to one’s friends ‎ persist in 固执己见;刚愎自用 ‎ persevere in/at/with one’s work/studies (工作/学习)坚持不懈 ‎* Cf. initial 首字母 an initial letter ‎ 最初的 the initial stage the initial symptoms of the disease ‎ original 原本的 the original plan the original inhabitants ‎ 原版的 the original edition/story ‎ former ‎ previous ‎(primary ‎ elementary)‎ ‎* inspire sb. to do ‎* instant coffee/noodle ‎ the instant/the moment = as soon as ‎* intend to do ‎ ‎ intended to have done = had intended to do ‎ ‎ (was to have done/would like to have done/would rather have done ‎ hoped/wished/meant/planned/wanted to have done = had hoped/meant… to do)‎ intend sb. to do ‎ have an intention to do = have an intention of doing 107. interest sb. in sth.‎ arouse/cultivate/lose interest in sth.‎ have/take/show an interest in sth.‎ topics of common interest = interesting topics with interest an interested reader an interesting book 108. at intervals of 20 minutes/miles = at 20-minute/20-mile intervals 109. introduce sb. to sb. ‎ introduce sth. to/into Shanghai 110. perform well at the job interview interview sb. about sth.‎ 111. invest (all his savings) in stocks make an investment of $‎100,000 in a certain business 112. be (in)visible to sb. ‎ 113. Cf. inviting the inviting smell of the dishes ‎ attractive ‎ charming 107. a (ir)regular route/meeting/customer/visitor regular hours/habits the regular army regular teeth/features 108. issue vt. 发行issue stamps/coins/stocks ‎ 出版issue the magazine weekly ‎ 发布figures/the statement issued by the government = released ‎ n .(有争议)问题 a political/economic issue the Taiwan issue ‎ 一期the latest issue of the magazine ‎ 发行an issue of licences/stocks 109. Cf. item I love the last item of/on the program.‎ ‎ program ‎ performance the night permance ‎ give two performances every day ‎ the performance of the machine/interviewee 110. jam vt.塞进jam my clothes into the suitcase = squeeze vi. 挤进jam into/onto a crowded bus = squeeze ‎ Cf. squeeze vt./vi. 挤进;塞进 = jam ‎ Vt. 拧;挤;榨squeeze out my wet clothes/a lemon ‎ Vt. 榨取squeeze the juice out of /from a lemon ‎ n. be caught in/get stuck in a traffic jam 111. Cf. jewel C machine poem appliance ‎ ‎ jewelry U machinery poetry equipment 112. join vt. join the club/the army ‎ join them in the game ‎ join in the game/activity = take an active part in = participate in ‎ be joined to/with = be connected to/with ‎ Cf. combine/relate/associate...‎ ‎ joint adj. a joint venture our joint property our joint efforts ‎ n.关节 ‎* Cf. be jealous of 妒忌 envy 羡慕 113. Cf. journey n. make/go on a journey to SH ‎ a 40-minutes journey on the way ‎ vi. be ready to journey to the ends of the world ‎ trip n . make/go on a trip to SH ‎ go on a fishing trip ‎ make a trip from home to office every day ‎ tour n. make a tour of/around China/the world ‎ make a lecture tour/concert tour ‎ make a tour of the factory/my new hourse ‎ travel U like travel very much ‎ pl. come back from her travels abroad ‎ read and write travels ‎ voyage 107. Judging from/by…‎ 108. junior/senior/superior/inferior to 109. jump the fence = jump over the fence high jump long jump 110. be keen on sth. = be crazy about sth. ‎ be keen to do = be anxious/eager to do be keen that…(should) do have keen sight/hearing/observation = sharp ‎* 单复数: this kind of tree this kind of trees trees of this kind ‎ kind of + adj. = a bit; a little 111. have a knack for/of doing sth.‎ 112. knock on/at the door knock down an old man ‎ Cf. run over 113. There is no knowing…‎ Cf. know ‎ ‎ know of/about a knowledge of first aid acquire/get/obtain/gain knowledge 114. lack sth. = be short of sth. = be lacking in sth.‎ The/A lack of water …‎ for/through lack of ‎ ‎* Cf. lane fast/slow lane ‎ No. 123, Lane 345‎ road way go/come/run all the way to SH route take the cheapest/shortest route path avenue 115. last (for) 2 hours = go on = run Cf. the last (one) to leave the room 主动用不定式做定语 the last thing done 被动用过去分词做定语 ‎ He is the last person I want to see. ‎ 116. Cf. late adj. 迟到be late for the meeting be late by 5 minutes be late with one’s work ‎ (时间上)晚的 VS early in the late afternoon/in the late 20th century in late spring/in her late 20s ‎ ‎ adv. come to school late ‎ later adj. 较晚的 VS earlier ‎ ‎ in one’s later life his later works ‎ ‎ in later years take a later train home ‎ adv. later on ‎ latter adj./n. the latter VS the former ‎ lately adv. = recently ‎ latest adj. the latest comer ‎ the latest news/fashion ‎ adv. come to school the latest 107. launch vt. launch a rocket/ a submarine/ a ship ‎ launch a campaign/a project/a venture = start ‎ n. the launch of a rocket/ship 108. keep/maintain law and order 109. lead vt. lead us into/out of /across…‎ ‎ lead us to the station/ to a conclusion/to a clear understanding ‎ lead you to do it again/to believe it ‎ lead the precession/ lead his class in English ‎ vi. lead to The road leads to SH.‎ ‎ = bring about = cause = give rise to = result in 110. vt. leak the news to him = give away = let out vi. (water/gas/electricity) leak n. smell a gas leak stop a leak in the roof ‎* lean on/against the wall ‎* leave sb./sth. alone/open ‎ crying ‎ closed/untouched/unfinished ‎ on the spot ‎ leave sth. behind ‎ leave for ‎ ask for leave ‎*give/deliver a lecture on make a speech ‎ attend a lecture= go to a lecture (不能用join in)‎ 111. be 30 meters long = be 30 meters in length along a 30-meter length ‎*Cf.课 give sb. a lesson have a lesson ‎ 教训teach sb. a lesson learn/draw a lesson from 112. 更不用说let alone = not to mention = still more of (上文肯定)= still less of(上文否定)‎ let sb. do be let do be to let (be to blame)‎ 113. level n. a high level of ability/civilization ‎ contail a high level of carbon dioxide 114. Cf. lie (lay, lain – lying) vi. 躺 ‎ 位于 lie in/on/to = be located/situated in/on/to ‎ lie (lied, lied – lying) vi. 撒谎 ‎ n. tell a lie ‎ lay (laid, laid – laying) vt. 放 ‎ 下蛋 107. life C 性命 save their lives ‎ C/U 生活;生命 a matter of life or death ‎ a form of life no sign of life ‎* lift vt. (sth. heavy) too young to lift the bag ‎ too tired to lift my legs ‎ Cf. raise the flag/one’s voice ‎* light n. cast/throw light on ‎ vt. a lighted candle ‎ adj. light rain/meal/music/reading/sleep/punishment 108. limit sth. to sth. = restrict sth. to sth. ‎ reach the limit of my patience set a limit to There is a limit to what I can do for you.‎ a speed limit ‎* line n. wait in line ‎ be in line with your idea = agree with ‎ vi. line up ‎ vt .line the students ‎ Trees lined the river bank.‎ ‎* 活过而不死live through the night/this winter ‎* load vt. load the ship with bananas = load bananas onto the ship ‎ vi. 装货; 上客 ‎ n. take a load off my mind ‎ * long for sth.‎ ‎ long to do ‎ Cf. long before ‎ before long ‎ ‎ Cf. no longer = not…any longer ‎ no more = not…any more ‎ a long-held dream ‎ set a long-term/short-term goal ‎ 109. be at a loss for words be at a loss (as to) wh-从句 110. loud adj.‎ ‎ adv. ‎ ‎ Cf. adv. aloud ‎ loud/louder ‎ loudly ‎ ‎* lower one’s eyes/one’s voice/the rent/the flag VS raise ‎ ‎* show loyalty to ‎ be loyal to ‎* Luckily, … = It’s lucky that…‎ try one’s luck at * drive sb. mad 107. mail n.U order by mail ‎ vt. mail/post a letter to sb. ‎ 108. Cf. main main idea ‎ the main road/street/dish/character ‎ major a major subject ‎ the major part of the work ‎ 重大;重要a major problem/writer/success/earthquake ‎ chief ‎ principal adj. principal food/rivers ‎ n. ‎ Cf. principle * the majority of the students are …‎ ‎*manage a firm/a house = run ‎ I can manage = I can manage it.‎ manage to do 109. Cf. manner ‎ manners It’s(不是They are) good manners to do sth.‎ 110. Cf. mark 记号 make a mark where you have questions ‎ the punctuation/quotation mark ‎ 分数 = grades ‎ sign 符号 mathematical signs ‎ 招牌; 标志 a traffic sign a “No smoking” sign the sign of a store ‎ 手势 make a sign to us to be quiet talk by signs ‎ ‎ 迹象 a sign of good weather/life ‎ signal 信号 a danger/distress signal a signal of emergency ‎ signal fire/flag ‎ scene 景象(有人在) terrible scene after the accident ‎ 现场 = spot rush doctors to the scene on the scene ‎ (第几)场 Act I, Scene i ‎ 布景 behind the scene ‎ scenery U 风景 ‎ view (某处所见)风景 ‎ 视野 in/out of view come into view go out of view ‎ 观点 my view on sth in my view ‎ 一看 be worth our view my first view of SH ‎ sight 景观 see the sights of SH ‎ 视野 = view ‎ 视力 have good/poor/long/far/short/near sight ‎ 看见 the sight of his mother ‎ at the sight of ‎ at first sight 第一眼就; 乍一看 ‎ catch sight of lose sight of 111. marry vt. Mike married Mary two years ago.‎ ‎ Mike married young.‎ ‎ married adj. Mike got married two years ago.‎ ‎ Mike got married young.‎ ‎ Mike has been married to Mary for 2 years.‎ ‎ Mike is married to Mary.‎ ‎ Mike is married with 2 children.‎ ‎ Mike dislikes married life.‎ 107. 一大块a mass of clouds/earth 许多a mass of things/information masses of books/money 民众The masses are the makers of history.‎ mass production the mass media ‎* master and servant Cf. host and guest ‎ master a language = command a language = have a good command/mastery of a language.‎ 108. It doesn’t matter to me wh-... = I don’t care. = I don’t mind.‎ What matters to me/counts to me is…‎ 109. Cf. mean to do ‎ mean doing ‎ Cf. meant to do ‎ meant to have done/ had meant to do ‎(sth) be meant for = designed/intended ‎(sth) be meant to do = designed/intended I mean what I say.‎ What do you mean by…‎ 110. 单复同: means, species, series, works(工厂;工事)‎ by means of in this way 111. Cf. vt. measure the table (weigh)‎ vi. The table measures 3 meters by 2. (weigh)‎ ‎ Cf. take measures = take steps = take action ‎* Cf. mechanic ‎ mechanical ‎ ‎*Cf. memorize recite remember 112. give sb. a message leave a message for sb. ‎ take a message 113. Cf. way a way to do/of doing ‎ method a method of sth./doing sth ‎ means ‎ manner 114. Cf. mental ‎ metal ‎ medal ‎ modern ‎ model 107. a mild climate/punishment 108. mind vt. Would you/Do you mind my doing…?‎ ‎ if I do…?‎ ‎ Mind your head/your steps. = look out for = watch for = be careful of ‎ n. keep/bear sth. in mind ‎ have sth. on one’s mind 担忧 ‎ make up one’s mind(s) to do ‎ 109. do/work/achieve/create miracles/wonders 110. missing = gone = (lost = stolen)‎ 111. mistake A for B ‎ make a mistake about sth. ‎ by mistake 112. vt. 混合mix A and/with B 混淆mix A and B up vi A and B won’t mix adj. be mixed together 混淆be mixed up have mixed feelings about n. a mixture of feelings/ a mixture of happiness and sorrow a cough mixture ‎* Cf. model 设计;样式 the model of the year (for a car/motorcycle/washing machine)‎ ‎ a model plane a model house a model student pattern 模式 follow the pattern of “the bigger, the better”‎ ‎ sentence patterns ‎ ‎ the behaviour pattern of bees ‎ 图案 113. at the moment for the moment = for the time being at that moment the moment = the instant = as soon as 114. Cf. more than 只可加: more than 200 students ‎ more than my teacher ‎ more than happy ‎ rather than A rather than B 平衡 ‎ other than 除了 ‎ eg. Hard work rather than talents led to his success.‎ ‎ More hard work than talents led to his success.‎ ‎ You can’t succeed other than through hard work.‎ ‎ Cf. no more than no taller than no more intelligent than ‎ not more than not taller than not more intelligent than ‎(You can’t learn a language overnight any more than you can get fat after a single meal.)‎ ‎* the Rocky Mountains Mount Tai ‎* listen to music listen to the radio ‎* in the name of 以…的名义 ‎ Cf. be named ‎ be named after ‎ 107. Cf. nation ‎ state ‎ ‎ country ‎ land 108. natural resources natural food VS synthetic food natural smile VS artificial smile It’s natural that…(should) do ‎ for sb to do disturb/break/upset/keep/maintain the balance of nature the nature of in nature 本质上 by nature 生来 109. Cf. near prep.‎ ‎ adj. in the near future a near relation ‎ 不能说 a near city ‎ nearby adj. a nearby city= a city nearby ‎ ‎= a city near my house = a city close to my house 110. There is a need for sth.‎ There is no need to do ‎ ‎ Cf. There is no point (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ It’s no use/good/useless doing be badly in need of sth.‎ 111. note down sth = write down = put down ‎ make notes of sth.‎ take notes notes to 112. have nothing/something to do with nothing of Cf. something of nothing like Cf. something like 113. notice sb./sth. do /doing/done Cf. take notice of (take no/little/particular notice of)‎ ‎ notice Cf. notice ‎ note give me a month’s notice at short notice wait for further notice be worthy of notice 114. object to sth. = oppose sth. = be opposed to sth. =be against sth.‎ 107. observe sb. do observe the sky observe Chrismas observe the law/good manners be under observation 108. occupy the whole room = take up ‎(sb.) be occupied with sth ‎ in doing sth Is this seat occupied/taken/vacant/available?‎ 109. Cf. be opened to the public/to traffic ‎ be open to the public/to traffic be open to different opinions the opening ceremony 110. operate on sb .‎ operate the computer the operating room ‎ do/perform/conduct/carry out an operation on sb. ‎ ‎ under operation 111. have a good/bad/high opinion of sb/sth 112. be oppressed by Where there is oppression, there is rebellion.‎ 113. order vt. order sth.‎ ‎ order sb to do ‎ order that…(should) do ‎ n. give orders that …(should) do ‎ for sb. to do ‎ in the order of time in alphabetical order ‎ in order out of order ‎ place an order with a store for sth.‎ orderly adj. VS disorderly 114. Cf. origin the origin of the river ‎ the origin of life on earth/civilization/Jazz ‎ He is white/noble by origin ‎ words of Latin origin ‎ source the source of the river ‎ the source of the information/money/trouble/SARS ‎ resource 115. over the radio/phone over tea/coffee 116. owe sth. to sb. ‎ owing to ‎ ‎* pack sth .in/into sp. = pack sp. with sth. ‎ ‎ sp is packed with sb/sth 117. have a pain in one’s leg ‎ in great pain cry with pain take pains to do = efforts ‎ No pains, no gains.‎ Painful adj. ‎ 107. be/run parallel to two parallel lines 108. pardon a fault = overlook= excuse = forgive 109. be particular about in particular Cf. particular ‎ special ‎ specific ‎ peculiar peculiar behaviour ‎ be peculiar to = be unique to ‎* a passenger train VS a goods train ‎* be at peace VS be at war ‎* be in a position to do ‎ in position VS out of position ‎* presence n. one’s presence at VS one’s absence from ‎ in the presence of ‎ present adj. be present at VS be absent from ‎ everyone present ‎ the present situation ‎ vt. present sb. with sth. = present sth to sb.‎ ‎ n. a birthday present ‎ the past, the present and the future ‎ presently adv. = now ‎ = soon = before long 110. proceed vi. proceed to Rome/the next question ‎ proceed with sth else ‎ proceed to do ‎ Cf. process n. in the process of ‎ procedure n. legal procedures ‎ the procedures for doing ‎* v. Cf. prepare sth.‎ ‎ prepare for sth.‎ ‎ prepare sth. for sb. /sth.‎ ‎ prepare sb./oneself to do ‎ for sth. ‎ ‎ adj. be well prepared for sth. ‎ ‎ to do ‎ ‎ n. without preparation make preparations for sth /to do ‎ 111. propose a toast to your health propose sth.‎ ‎ to do = doing ‎ that 107. promise sth.‎ promise sb. sth. = promise sth to sb promise (sb) to do promise that keep/break one’s promise to do 108. a portion of ‎ the proportion of men to women is 4 to 3‎ 109. be proud of = take pride in 110. Cf. psychology ‎ philosophy ‎ physiology ‎* in public be open to the public ‎* carry/publish/print an article/a feature ‎ report the news 111. pump oil/air/water out of the well pump air into the flat tyre a stomache pump ‎* pursue vt. 追逐 pursue a thief = run after = chase = chase after ‎ 追求 pursue fame and pleasure = be after = seek (after)‎ ‎ (Cf. 寻找 look for = search for = hunt for = seek (for))‎ ‎ 继续;从事 pursue one’s studies ‎ ‎ pursue medicine = take up medicine 112. qualify vt. qualify sb. for sth ‎ to do ‎ as ‎ vi. qualify for ‎ to do ‎ as ‎ qualified adj. be highly/well qualified for/to do/as ‎ qualifying adj. a qualifying match ‎ qualification n. the qualifications needed for a job ‎* form a queue jump a queue ‎* quote sb. quote a line from ‎* range vi. range from…to…‎ ‎ eg. We have prices ranging from $ 1 to $ 1000.‎ n. a mountain range = a range of mountains a wide range of interests/prices within/beyond my range of vision/hearing/knowledge ‎ Cf. vary vi. vary from person to person 113. Your letter reached me yesterday. (不能用get to/arrive at)‎ Cf. reach & reach for ‎ shoot & shoot at 107. ‎(sb) recall sth. = remember sth.‎ ‎(sb/sth) remind sb. of sth ‎ to do sth ‎ that…‎ ‎(sth.) bring back sth.‎ ‎(sth) call up sth.‎ 108. Cf. relax relax me/oneself relax my muscles relax my nerves ‎ feel relaxed / a relaxed smile ‎ relaxing music ‎ refresh a hot bath/a glass of drink/the breeze will refresh me from exhaustion.‎ ‎ refresh one’s memory ‎ feel refreshed ‎ a refreshing breeze/bath ‎* regarding prep. = concerning =in/with regard to = as to/for ‎ regardless of sth = without considering sth ‎ Cf. despite/in spite of/for all 109. relate vt. relate his adventures to us ‎ relate A to B ‎ related adj. be related to ‎ relation n. the relation between A and B = relationship ‎ (pl) business/human/public/economic relations ‎ a near/distant relation = relative ‎ relative n. = relation3‎ ‎ relationship n. = relation1‎ 110. remark on sth. = comment on sth make remarks on = make comments on 111. resist the temptation/the police resist doing ‎ be resistant to cold weather show resistance to 112. make a resolution to do sth.‎ carry out one’s New Year resolutions a person of resolution ‎* Cf. rhythm the rhythm of the music/heartbeat pace 一步 take 3 paces forward ‎ 步速 walk at a slow/fast pace ‎ quicken our pace ‎ keep pace with the times = keep up with the times tone 音色 the tone of the piano ‎ 口吻;语气 speak in a kindly tone ‎ the tone of the passage tune 调子;旋律 dance to the tune ‎ ‎ in tune out of tune ‎* risk sth ‎ ‎ risk doing sth.‎ ‎ take/run a risk ‎ a risky venture ‎* rob sb. of sth. Cf. steal sth. from sb./sp.‎ ‎ commit robbery ‎* sale n. on sale for sale ‎ sales n. Sales are up this month.‎ ‎ adj. sales manager/department/figures after-sales service 107. satisfy vt. satisfy one’s curiosity/hunger/thirst/a need/wish/requirement/the demand for sth.‎ a satisfied smile a satisfying result far from satisfactory less than satisfactory 108. score a goal/point 109. keep sth. a secret = keep sth. secret reveal/give away/let out a secret in secret = secretly 110. serve v. serve the people ‎ serve a purpose serve the intended purpose ‎ serve coffee hot/black ‎ serve as ‎ serve to do ‎ service n. be rewarded for his services to the country ‎ the railway service ‎ devote his life to the service of others 111. share sth. with sb. ‎ share your opinion = agree to your opinion have a share in the profits ‎ buy shares 112. be shy/timid of sth/doing sth.‎ 113. smell sth. burning smell of milk/oil Cf. smell good ‎ smell well 114. spare adj. a spare tyre/room ‎ vt. spare me a few minute Cf. save me a few minutes ‎ spare several students for other work ‎ 饶恕spare the criminal ‎ spare no pains/efforts/expense to do ‎ ‎ Spare the rod, spoil the child.‎ 115. speech n. C make a speech ‎ U learn speech ‎ the power of speech ‎ by speech 107. sponsor = finance = fund = support by providing money 108. Cf. stable ‎ steady ‎* be up to the standard VS be below the standard ‎ set a standard meet a standard 109. stock sth in sp. = stock sp. with sth. ‎ ‎(sp) be well stocked with sth. ‎ a good/new/adequate/large stock of books in stock VS out of stock 110. Cf. still stand ‎ stand still 111. be stranded in the mountains = be stuck in 112. strive for sth.‎ strive to do 113. suffer vt. suffer hunger and cold/ a heavy loss/ a drop in sales/pain/death ‎ vi. suffer a lot/considerably/terribly ‎ ‎ suffer from a disease/from overwork ‎ suffering n.‎ ‎ the suffering (人)‎ 114. supply sb. with sth. = supply sth .to sb. ‎ supply and demand enjoy a good supply of water medical/office supplies ‎* survive the air crash 115. be supposed to do = should do 116. surround sp. with sth.‎ ‎(sp) be surrounded by ‎ ‎ the surroundings are …‎ 117. have/show/feel sympathy for sb./sth.‎ out of sympathy 118. have/develop/cultivate a taste for 119. tend vi.趋向 tend to/towards sth.‎ ‎ tend to do ‎ vt./vi照管 tend=tend to the patient = take care of =look after Cf. tendency 趋向 have a tendency to/towards sth.‎ ‎ to do ‎ trend 潮流 the latest trend ‎ a new trend in English teaching ‎ tide 潮汐 120. Cf. tense feel tense a tense boy a tense expression ‎ ‎ a tense atmosphere ‎ nervous feel nervous a nervous boy a nervous expression ‎ the central nervous system 107. threaten sb./sth.‎ threaten sb. with sth.‎ threaten to do a threat to ‎* ahead of time VS behind time ahead of the times VS behind the times in ancient/modern times ‎ lose no time doing ‎ give time to doing Cf. at one time ‎ at a time ‎ It’s time for sth.‎ ‎ to do ‎ we started.‎ ‎ we should start.‎ 108. Cf. tip the tip of my finger/tongue ‎ point a turning point ‎ the freezing/boiling point ‎ to the point VS off the point ‎ on/at the point of doing = be about to do 109. on tiptoe 110. Cf. be tired of ‎ be tired from 111. Cf. tough a tough steak ‎ a tough job/task/game/guy ‎ rough a rough sea = a fierce sea VS a smooth sea ‎ a rough surface ‎* trace n. leave no trace in the room ‎ vt. trace the animal = go after = run after ‎ trace sth. back to = (sth) date back to 112. trap n. a mouse trap ‎ set a trap ‎ fall into a trap be caught in a trap ‎ vt. be/get trapped in a tunnel ‎ trap sb. into doing 113. trouble n. get into trouble ‎ have trouble with sb./sth.‎ ‎ (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ take the trouble to do = go to the trouble to do 114. Cf. try to do ‎ try doing ‎ Cf. try sth. try the new dishes ‎ try the case ‎ try sth. on ‎ try sth. out 107. up to the standard It’s up to you to do 108. upset vt. upset the teapot ‎ upset my stomach ‎ upset my plan/the balance of nature 109. a room upstairs = an upstairs room 110. the very book/the exact book that I am looking for the very best = much the best = by far the best 111. The old man/The trees are full of vigor.‎ vigorous men/plants Cf. energetic ‎* vision n. 视力= eyesight have poor vision ‎ 远见a man with vision have a vision broaden one’s vision ‎ 幻想= dream; fantasy sweet visions of little girls ‎* visit sb. = pay a visit to sb. = call on sb. = drop in on sb.‎ visit sp. = pay a visit to sp. = call at sp = drop in at sp. ‎ visit with sb. = talk with sb 112. vivid colors/lessons a vivid performance/memory/description 113. wait for sb. = await sb. ‎ wait for sb. to do 114. in the way on one’s way to SH/becoming a star by the way by way of come/go/run all the way go out of the way to do in a way 115. take the wheel = sit behind the wheel at the wheel ‎* whisper sth in one’s ear 116. wild wild flowers/animals/desert ‎ ‎ be wild about sth be wild with joy/anxiety ‎ go wild ‎ 117. wonder v. wonder wh;‎ ‎ wonder at sth. = be amazed at sth.‎ ‎ n. the seven wonders of the world ‎ work/do/create wonders ‎ No wonder (that) = It’s no wonder that…‎ 118. word n.C in a word ‎ word for word ‎ have the last/final word ‎ U Word came that…‎ ‎ He sent word/received word of…‎ ‎ that…‎ ‎ U keep/break one’s word ‎* work n.C a work of art ‎ U in work VS out of work ‎ at work VS off work ‎ works(单复同) a gas works 2 gas works ‎ work vi. work on sb. ‎ ‎ work at sth. ‎ ‎ work on sth ‎ work sth out 107. vt. sth .worry sb. ‎ vi. sb worry about sth. ‎ adj. sb. is worried about sth.‎ 108. wrap a baby in a blanket = wrap a blanket around a baby cover a baby with a blanket 109. Cf. wreck The ship was wrecked.‎ ‎ sink The ship sank into the water.‎