2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero（含解析）

2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero（含解析）

Unit 5 Nelson Mandel -- a modern hero 李仕才 ‎***阅读理解。‎ The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents. All she’s ever wanted to do is to become an elementary school teacher. However, Hipp has racked up(累计) $100,000 (about 0.67 million yuan) in student loan debt and isn’t able to earn enough through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server to live anywhere other than home.‎ To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.‎ The Pew Research Center recently reported that 2016 was a milestone in the evolving living arrangements of young adults in the US. Until 2016, the most common living arrangement for young adults was to be living in their own property as part of a couple. UBS Financial Services, a Swiss global financial services company, released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesn’t want them to leave. The report shows that 74 percent of millennials(千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. Millennials see their parents as peers, friends and mentors(导师). In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them. Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in the US, said “Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn’t necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest, he said. “They may like living at home and being able to save money.”‎ He added, “While it has held back household formation and purchases on things, they are probably traveling more and eating out more. I don’t know if it represents a change in moral values, it’s much more common for adult children to live in their parent’s homes because it’s becoming part of the culture.”‎ ‎1.What’s the purpose of Caitlin Hipp’s story?‎ 8‎ A. To prove the author’s view.‎ B. To introduce her situation.‎ C. To present the topic.‎ D. To make readers rethink about the problem.‎ ‎2.What does the underlined part (Paragraph1) probably refer to?‎ A. live with parents B. live independently C. stay at home D. leave home ‎3.According to Hoffman, which of the following is true?‎ A. It isn’t necessary for millennials to leave the nest.‎ B. They can spend less money on their daily life.‎ C. Moral values are changing gradually.‎ D. Young adults are living in a different life style.‎ ‎4.What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Why is the number of the millennial growing steadily?‎ B. Why has the percentage of adults living with their parents been on the rise?‎ C. Why are parents willing to help fund for young adults?‎ D. Why do more adults treat their parents as peers, friends and guides?‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在美国，现在和父母同住的年轻人的数量持续增加这一社会现象。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.”可知，文章开头举Caitlin Hipp的例子就是为了引出本文话题——越来越多的美国青年倾向于和父母同住。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“it’s much more common for adult children to live in their parent’s homes because it’s becoming part of the 8‎ ‎ culture.”可知，霍夫曼认为现在的年轻人和父母同住是一种很正常的社会现象，这是不同以往的，说明年轻人的生活方式发生了变化。‎ ‎4.B 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第二段中的“However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily”可知，本文主要介绍了在美国，现在和父母同住的年轻人的数量持续增加这一社会现象。‎ ‎***.语法填空。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She looks like any other schoolgirl, freshfaced and full of life.Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new Alevel course. But unlike her school friends, 16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm __1__ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡‎6,500 a day as __2__ model in New York.‎ Sarah __3__(tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime. But Sarah, __4__ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants __5__ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her __6__ (educate)．‎ She has turned down several __7__(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree __8__ engineering or architecture.‎ Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school __9__(come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is __10__(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model anymore.”‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ ‎ ‎5．________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ ‎ ‎9．________ 　10.________ ‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。16岁的萨拉作为一名模特儿表现出色，她父亲想让她放弃学业专心从事模特儿行业，但萨拉认为学业优先，应努力成为一个既有美貌又有智慧的女性。‎ ‎1．resting　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，此处表示萨拉没有花半学期的时间来休息。‎ 8‎ ‎2．a　考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特儿每天收入6,500英镑。用不定冠词a表泛指。‎ ‎3．was told　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成为英国新的超模儿，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎4．who　考查定语从句的引导词。引导词代替先行词Sarah在从句中作主语，且指人，故用who。‎ ‎5．to prove　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth. “想要做某事”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎6．education　考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her应该用来修饰名词，educate的名词形式是education。‎ ‎7．invitations　考查名词的复数。several “几个”，其后的可数名词要用复数形式。‎ ‎8．in　考查介词。关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。a degree in engineering or architecture “工程学或建筑学学位”。‎ ‎9．comes　考查动词的时态。此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎10．certainly　考查词性转换。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun, certain的副词形式为certainly。‎ ‎***完形填空 Ten years ago，a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed.I was totally __1__ and felt I was suddenly placed under __2__ of death with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)．After careful thought，I __3__ my affairs；then I went home and got into bed.But 2 years later，I left my bed and __4__ the long climb back.It was another year __5__ I made it.‎ I speak of this experience because these past years have __6__ me what to value and what to believe.I __7__ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎)to be opened but my __8__ to be grasped.‎ I've also learned that it's necessary to __9__ those little，allimportant things I never thought I would __10__ before：the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree，the __11__ of sunlight on running water.I seem now，with some of the __12__ freshness of childhood，to hear and see.How well，__13__，I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed.It was like __14__ one's citizenship in a world one had nearly lost.‎ Frequently，I __15__ myself that I need make notes of this __16__.I'm living in now，because in it I'm well，__17__，doing what I like best.It won't always be like this，__18__ I'll make the most of it and be grateful.I __19__ all this to that 8‎ ‎ long time spent in bed.Wiser people come to this __20__ without having to acquire it the hard way.But I wasn't wise enough.I'm wiser now，a little，and happier.‎ ‎1．A.confused　　　　　B．shocked C．determined D．annoyed ‎2．A.trial B．pressure C．sentence D．control ‎3．A.made up B．set up C．took up D．cleared up ‎4．A.recalled B．began C．avoided D．accepted ‎5．A.when B．after C．since D．before ‎6．A.assigned B．taught C．treated D．assured ‎7．A.admit B．demand C．expect D．realize ‎8．A.knowledge B．opportunity C．attention D．point ‎9．A.dismiss B．list C．define D．appreciate ‎10．A.notice B．record C．remember D．track ‎11．A.shadow B．shake C．play D．feeling ‎12．A.damaged B．recovered C．faded D．changed ‎13．A.in contrast B．in return C．for instance D．by chance ‎14．A.maintaining B．regaining C．discovering D．forgetting ‎15．A.remind B．promise C．advise D．convince ‎16．A.country B．moment C．memory D．inspiration 8‎ ‎17．A.pleased B．courageous C．confident D．strong ‎18．A.meanwhile B．otherwise C．however D．therefore ‎19．A.apply B．owe C．contribute D．adapt ‎20．A.awareness B．agreement C．comment D．compromise ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。‎ ‎1．B　根据上文中的“Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。confused“困惑的”； annoyed“恼怒的”。‎ ‎2．C　作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的“with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)”可知，此处应选sentence“宣判，判刑”。under sentence of death“被判处死刑”。‎ ‎3．D　仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的“I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，clear up“解决，清理”符合语境。make up“组成，编造”；set up“设立”；take up“开始从事，占据”。‎ ‎4．B　两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的“攀登”。recall“回忆起”；avoid“避免”；accept“接受”。‎ ‎5．D　过了一年，作者就做到了。It was/is＋一段时间＋before...是固定句型，意为“过了……才/就……”。‎ ‎6．B　作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。assign“分配，分派”；treat“招待”；assure“使确信”。‎ ‎7．D　现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会。admit“承认”；expect“期待，期望”。‎ ‎8．B　参见上题解析。grasp the opportunity“抓住机会”，是固定搭配。knowledge“知识”；attention“注意力”；point“观点”。‎ ‎9．D　作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西，而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西。dismiss“不予理会，不予考虑”；list“列举”； define“给……下定义，解释”。‎ ‎10.‎ 8‎ ‎ A　参见上题解析。notice“注意到”；record“记录”；remember“记得”；track“跟踪”。‎ ‎11．C　根据上文中的“the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree”和下文中的“I seem now…to hear and see”可知，此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西。play“轻快变幻的动作，闪烁”，the play of sunlight on water“阳光在水面上的闪烁”。‎ ‎12．B　作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered“重新获得的，重新找到的”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．C　比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance“比如，例如”，符合语境。in contrast“相反”；in return“作为回报”；by chance“偶然地”。‎ ‎14．B　这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain“重新得到”和下文的“lost”相对应。maintain“维持”；discover“发现”；forget“忘记”。‎ ‎15．A　作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。remind“提醒”，符合语境。promise“许诺，允诺”；convince“使相信”。‎ ‎16．B　参见上题解析。moment“时刻”；inspiration“灵感”。‎ ‎17．A　参见第15题解析。pleased“快乐的，高兴的”；courageous“勇敢的”；confident“自信的”；strong“坚强的”。下文中的“I'm wiser now，a little，and happier”亦是提示。‎ ‎18．D　它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。meanwhile“与此同时”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。‎ ‎19．B　作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe...to...“把……归功于……”，是固定用法。‎ ‎20．A　更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness“意识，明白”符合语境。compromise“妥协”。‎ ‎***短文改错 Nowadays, it's fashionable for young student to have iPads. Used an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read it. Obviously, it's of great help with our studies, especial with our English listening skills.‎ Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones, but some even playing video games, which make teachers and students greatly annoyed.‎ For my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration was terribly needed. Therefore, we should make a good use of iPads and other modern communication 8‎ ‎ tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly.‎ 答案：‎ Nowadays, it's fashionable for young to have iPads. an iPad, we can listen to music, download a lot of learning materials and read . Obviously, it's of great help with our studies, with our English listening skills.‎ Some students, however, bring their iPads to the classroom listening to music with earphones, some even playing video games, which teachers and students greatly annoyed.‎ my opinion, the classroom is a place to study, and concentration terribly needed. Therefore, we should makegood use of iPads and other modern communication tools to help with our lessons. Meanwhile, schools should make some rules instruct the students to use iPads properly.‎ 难项分析：‎ 第二处：Used→Using　考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语we和use之间是主谓关系，且use所表示的动作和句子谓语动词download和read所表示的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词作状语。‎ 第六处：make→makes　考查主谓一致。which指代的是前面整句话的内容，所以定语从句的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式makes。‎ 第十处：rules后加to　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语充当目的状语。‎ ‎***‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 8‎