高考英语人教版第一轮复习学案必修2

高考英语人教版第一轮复习学案必修2

高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习学案 ‎【必修二】‎ Unit 1 Cultural relics 单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）‎ 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. select / choose / elect / pick ‎2. country / nation / state / land ‎3. missing / lost / gone ‎4. former / previous ‎5. find / find out / discover 词形 变化 ‎1.value n. 价值 valuable adj. 贵重的; 很有价值的 valueless adj. 无价值的; 没有用处的 ‎2. survive v. 继续生存或存在 survival n. 存活; 幸存 ‎ survivor n. 幸存者 ‎3. decorate v.  装饰 decoration  n.  装饰; 装潢 decorative adj.  装饰的; 作装饰用的 重点 单词 ‎1. fancy adj. 不寻常的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像 ‎2. consider vt. 考虑；认为 ‎3. wonder n.惊奇，奇迹；不知道……(想知道) ‎ ‎4. doubt n.怀疑；不确定； 不信任；v.对……无把握，怀疑 ‎5. worth adj.值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值; n.价值; 用处 重点 词组 1. in return 回报,作为报酬 2. rather than不是别的，而是……‎ 3. think highly of 看重；高度评价 重点句子 ‎1. Frederick William I，the King Of Prussia，could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history．‎ ‎2. Later，CatherineⅡhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Peters-burg where she spent her summers．‎ 重点语法 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 （见语法部分）‎ 语言要点（模块）‎ Ⅰ词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) ‎ ‎1. select / choose / elect / pick ‎【解释】‎ 这些动词均含有“选择”之意。‎ select 强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重以客观为标准进行选择。‎ choose 普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重被选者的优点。‎ elect 指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。‎ pick 口语用词，强调“从个人角度在众多之中进行挑选”，有时含有“任意选择”的意思。‎ ‎ 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Please ________ a good book for me.‎ ‎2). She ________ a diamond ring from the collection.‎ ‎3). We _________ our monitor by a show of hands.‎ ‎4). She _________ the red sweater rather than the pink one. ‎ ‎2. country / nation / state / land ‎ ‎【解释】‎ country主要是指主权的、统一的国家，往往侧重于疆土，是中性词，有时是指全国的人民，country还可指与城市相对的农村；‎ nation也可以指国家，比state更为庄重，所以联合国用的是the United Nations，但有时侧重于指“人民，国民”，同时，nation也可以指“民族”；‎ state是政权意义上的“国家，政府”，state还可以指“州”；‎ land是指国土意义上的国家，是一种文学用语，多见于诗歌中。 ‎ ‎ 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). After many years abroad，she wanted to return to her ________. ‎ ‎2). The President spoke on TV to the _________. ‎ ‎3). The Jewish ________ is scattered around the world. ‎ ‎4). The US is divided into 50 _________. ‎ ‎5). We returned to the ________ where she was born. ‎ ‎3. missing / lost / gone ‎ ‎【解释】‎ missing: “丢失的, 缺少的”, 强调不在场 lost: 过去分词, “失去的, 丧失的”‎ gone: 过去分词, “过去的,不在的,丢了”,常作表语和补语 ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Five people were _______.‎ ‎2). The boat and all the men were ___ in the storm.‎ ‎3). My pain in the leg is ____ now.‎ ‎4. former / previous ‎【解释】‎ former 是latter的反义词，对比意味强。‎ previous 指时间上、顺序上较早 ，或指正在谈论的某事的前一个。‎ ‎5. find / find out / discover ‎【解释】‎ find out 经过努力有意去 “找”, “打听”, “弄清楚” 。‎ find “找到,发现”, 强调结果。‎ discover 发现本来就存在但未被人所知的事物, 地方, 思想等。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). I’ve _____ the book I was looking for.‎ ‎2). Please _______ what time they are coming.‎ ‎3). Columbus _________ the New World in 1492.‎ Ⅱ 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）‎ ‎1.value n. 价值 valuable adj. 贵重的; 很有价值的 valueless adj. 无价值的; 没有用处的 ‎2. survive v. 继续生存或存在 survival n. 存活; 幸存 ‎ survivor n. 幸存者 ‎3. decorate v.  装饰 decoration  n.  装饰; 装潢 decorative adj.  装饰的; 作装饰用的 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 ‎1) The jawbone was our most _________ discovery. (value)‎ ‎2) They have ordered software to the _______ of 700. (value)‎ ‎3） He thinks our advice is _________, so he won’t take it. ((value))‎ ‎4） Many strange customs have __________ from earlier times. (survive) ‎ ‎5） This ceremony is a _________ from pre-Christian times. (survive) ‎ ‎6） She is the only ________ in the accident. (survive)‎ ‎7) When will they finish the ________ of the bathroom? (decorate)‎ ‎8) The building was _________ with flags. (decorate)‎ ‎9). The coloured lights are very _________. (decorate)‎ Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. fancy adj. 不寻常的; 精致的; v. 想; 以为; 想像 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). That's a very fancy pair of shoes! 那是一双非常别致的鞋!‎ ‎2). I fancy (that) it's going to rain today. 我看今天要下雨 ‎[重点用法]‎ fancy that…以为是…… fancy (sb’s) doing…想像（某人）做某事 fancy oneself 自负；自命不凡 fancy sb. to be / as 想象/认为某人会成为……‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 她竟如此放肆!‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他以为她喜欢他。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. consider vt. 考虑；认为 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). We are considering going to Canada, ie we may go there. 我们正考虑到加拿大去。‎ ‎2). We consider this (to be) very important. 我们认为这非常重要。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ consider doing sth./sth.考虑做某事 consider sb./sth. as / to be…‎ consider it +形容词+ to do sth….认为做某事是……‎ considering…考虑到……‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 你是否考虑过如何到达那里?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他会被认为是个软弱无能的领导人。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. wonder n.惊奇，奇迹；不知道……(想知道)‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). They were filled with wonder at the sight. 他们见此情景惊叹不已。 ‎ ‎2). I wonder who he is. 我不知道他究竟是谁。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ wonder +从句“自忖……，自问……，不知道……(想知道)”‎ wonder +if从句“请问您是否……”（用于礼貌地提出请求）‎ wonder at对……感到惊奇 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1).我也不知道他们能不能准时到。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).难怪你来晚了!‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. doubt n.怀疑；不确定； 不信任；v.对……无把握，怀疑 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught. 他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。‎ ‎2). I doubt whether he'll come. 我不敢肯定他来不来。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ There is no doubt about sth./ that ….毫无疑问……‎ without doubt确定地；无疑地 I don’t doubt that …我肯定……（=I’m sure/certain that…）‎ I doubt if/whether …我不确定……（=I’m not sure/certain if/whether…）‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 不知道那是不是他想要的。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 那件事情没有什么可疑之处。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. worth adj.值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值; n.价值; 用处 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The new car cost a lot of money, but it's certainly worth it. 买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。‎ ‎2). The thieves stole 1 million worth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ be worth doing sth值得（做某事）; 有（做某事）的价值 worth of sth用于表示数量﹑ 持续时间等的名词之后，值某金额的量 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 这本书值得一读。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他有十英镑的汽油。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. in return 回报,作为报酬 ‎[典例] ‎ What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us? ‎ 我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ in turn 轮流地,依次; 反过来 by turns 轮流地,时而…时而…‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我请他喝酒以酬谢他的帮助。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 向您献花聊表谢忱。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. rather than不是别的，而是……‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我想喝冷饮, 不想喝咖啡. ‎ ‎2). It's management that's at fault rather than the work-force. 错在资方而不在劳方. ‎ ‎ [短语归纳]‎ would rather do sth…than do sth…宁愿做……；而不愿做……=prefer doing…to doing…)‎ other than = except for除了……； 而非 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 他是跑来的而不是走来的。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 她除了他以外没有好朋友。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ think highly of = have a good opinion of看重；高度评价 ‎[典例]‎ They think highly of your work abilities. 他们对你的工作能力评价很高。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ What do you think of sb./ sth.?你认为某人/物怎么样？ think much/well of对……评价良好 think nothing of对……无所谓；不把……当回事 think badly/poorly of对……评价不高 think of sb./ sth. as…把……某人/物当作……‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 她觉得一天走三十英里无所谓。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).他的作品深受评论家推崇。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ V 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. Frederick William I，the King Of Prussia，could never have imagined that his Greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history．‎ ‎ [解释] 此句中含有“could + have done”结构，用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等。它用在不同的句式中，表达的含义不同。‎ ‎1)用于疑问句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。如：‎ Could he have been told the news?‎ 他被告知这个消息了吗?‎ ‎2)用于陈述句和肯定句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做却没有做”。否定句表示对过去事实的推测。如：‎ ‎--- I stayed at a hotel while in New York．‎ 在纽约时我住在一家旅馆里。‎ ‎--- Oh，did you? You could have stayed with Barbara．‎ 是吗?你本来能够和巴巴拉在一起的。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 别担心--他们很可能只是忘了打电话。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 你本来至少可以寄张明信片来吧。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. Later，CatherineⅡhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Peters-burg where she spent her summers．后来，捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。‎ ‎[解释]1)此句是一个含有关系副词引导的定语从句的主从复合句。主句中的谓语had the Amber Room moved是have sth．done结构，该结构中done是过去分词作补语，意为“使某事被做”“让别人做某事”，而不是主语自己做。‎ 例如：‎ ‎1) I had my hair cut yesterday．昨天我理发了。‎ ‎2)where she spent her summers为定语从句，修饰先行词St Petersburg，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。又如：‎ This is the place where 1 was born．这是我的出生地。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我要去医院检查眼睛。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我不知道他们碰头的确切地点。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ 课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ The Amber Room, 1 (装饰) with gold and jewels, is one of the great 2 (wonderful) of the world. Frederick William I , 3 whom it belonged , decided to give it to Russian people ‎4 a gift. 5 (sad), although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders , it is 6 (miss) now and its story remains 7 (神秘的). ‎ ‎ 2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案 这篇课文讲述了琥珀屋的历史，它是用琥珀做成的。作者描述了琥珀屋制作的过程，为什么它会到了俄国人手里和它成了世界奇迹之一以及它是怎样丢失的。‎ ‎ The passage tells the history ________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ ‎1. 【原句】Frederick William l, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: 主语，＋加插入，谓语＋ 宾语从句 ‎【模仿1】我们的老师John没想到他所给的例子会跟入学考试有关。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】我的母亲，我生命中最重要的人，一直坚信我终有一天会取得成功的。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.【原句】 This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构:名词 + 非限制定语从句 + 原因状语从句 ‎【模仿1】礼物是一辆小汽车，我拒绝接受是因为它太昂贵了，而且，我没有必要开车去学校。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】2008奥运会开幕式是极大的成功，它使世界感到震惊，因为它巧妙地把中国的历史成就和未来之梦结合在一起呈现给世界。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．【原句】There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: There is no doubt that + which + at that time+ 定语从句 ‎【模仿1】毫无疑问我在家乡度过的童年时期，自行车对我作用非常大，当其时我的家乡是长江边的一个小城市。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】毫无疑问这幅唐代的画价值连城，它为当时的一位名家所画。‎ ‎ _____________________________________________________________________________‎ 单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：243‎ 完成时间：15分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ When dawn came, they realized that the boat was blocked in ice. The captain had fallen asleep but the rest of the crew hurriedly woke him. He took a small axe (斧), and with great care, so as to make a hole in the ice on the deck (甲板), he began to knock. From time to time, a wave burst over the boat and swept over him, but he kept working for ten minutes 21 the others looked on 22 . By this time he was 23 cold that he could no longer trust what he was doing.‎ ‎ Each member of the crew took it in turn to cut the ice away as long as he could bear it.‎ ‎ First, they had to knock off enough ice to get down on their knees. Standing on that rolling deck meant death, because a man who had fallen into the sea could not have been rescued.‎ ‎ Then the captain discovered that ice was forming inside the cabin(船舱). He called 24 one of the crew and together they managed to get the stove alight, hoping that it would 25 enough heat to warm the cabin above 26 point. Unless the ice in the bottom could be melted enough so that the 27 could be raised, they were in danger ‎ It took an hour's work before the boat began to float better. But by this time they had succeeded in removing most of the ice.‎ ‎ Throughout the afternoon, the coating of ice began to build up again 28 their work. In the face of this danger, Captain Slater 29 the crew to clear the ice so that the boat would 30 until the next morning. Then they settled down to wait for anther day.‎ ‎ 21. A. until B. before C. after D. while ‎ 22. A. excitedly B. anxiously C. happily D. strangely ‎ 23. A. too B. so C. as D. very ‎ 24. A. to B. on C. up D. at ‎ 25. A. get out B. give off C. get over D. give in ‎ 26. A. boiling B. marking C. freezing D. melting ‎ 27. A. boat B. deck C. sail D. back ‎ 28. A. whichever B. though C. as long as D. in spite of ‎ 29. A. demanded B. made C. ordered D. agreed ‎ 30. A. sink B. live C. float D. ;flow ‎2语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：137‎ 完成时间：8分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Mr. Smith lived in a small village. He grew vegetables. Years ago he found work in a big city and moved 31 with his family.‎ ‎ 32 the first Saturday in their new home, Mr. Smith took his new car out of the garage and 33 (wash) it. A man came at the moment. 34 he saw Mr. Smith's new car, he stopped and looked at it ‎35 a few minutes. Then Mr. Smith turned and saw him.‎ ‎ The man said, "That's a nice car. Is 36 yours?"‎ ‎ "Sometimes," Smith answered ‎37 a smile.‎ ‎ "Sometimes?" The man said." 38 do you mean?"‎ ‎ "Well," answered Smith slowly, "When there's a party in town, it is my daughter's,. Mary. When there's a football game, it's my son's, John. 39 I wash it, and it looks really nice and clean, it's my wife's. And when it needs gas, it's 40 "‎ ‎3阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：316‎ 完成时间：7分钟 难度：***‎ Driving to a friend's house on a recent evening, I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftops. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, thinking about what a pity it was that most city people? Myself included? Usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.　　‎ My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched much of his life. ‎ I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest-house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.　　 ‎ Today our lives are filled with glass, metal, plastic and fibre-glass. We have televisions, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers. ‎ Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I thought: before long, I would like to live in a small cottage. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains And perhaps write, but not in anger. I may become an old man there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touch the moon.‎ ‎1.The best title for the passage would be______.‎ A. Touched by the moon B. The pleasures of modern life C. A bottomless well of silence D. Break away from modern life ‎ ‎2. The writer felt sorry for himself because________.‎ A. there was too many pollution B. he failed to see the fullest moon C. he didn’t adapt to modern inventions D. there were too accidents on the road ‎ ‎3. What impressed the writer most in the mountainous jungle of northern India?‎ A. No modern equipment B. Complete silence.‎ C. The nice moonlight D. The high mountains ‎4. Modern things (Paragraph 4) are mentioned mainly to______.‎ A. show that the writer likes city life very much B. tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life ‎ C. explain that people have less chances to enjoy nature ‎ D. show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them ‎5. The author wrote the passage to_______.‎ A. express the feeling of returning to nature B. show the love for the moonlight C. advise modern people to learn to live D. want to communicate longing for modern life ‎4.基础写作 ‎ ‎2008年9月25日广东省的茂名、阳江等地区遭受特大热带风暴的袭击。假如你是某英文报纸的通讯员，请根据下列表格，以A Hurricane Disaster为题，写一篇报道。‎ ‎ [写作内容]‎ 要点 事件 地点 广东茂名、湛江、阳江等地区 时间 ‎2008年9月25日 灾情 该地区遭受大风袭击，造成大暴雨。灾区的大量房屋倒塌，渔船被大风推到岸上，大量农作物被毁掉。农业和渔业生产遭到严重的破坏。‎ 营救人员 营救活动 ‎1．武警官兵及时营救灾民，给灾民提供食品和饮用水。‎ ‎2．赈灾物资源源不断运往灾区。‎ ‎3．国家领导同志视察灾区。‎ 救灾效果 灾区一切顺利，标志灾区救灾工作初步胜利。‎ ‎ [写作要求]‎ ‎ 1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。文章的开头已经为你写好。‎ ‎ 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎ [评分标准]‎ ‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。‎ ‎[写作向导]‎ ‎ 1．时态：报道‎2008年9月25日广东省的茂名、阳江等地区遭受特大热带风暴的袭击，‎ ‎ 应该用一般过去时为主要时态。 ‎ ‎ 2．可用词汇与句型：take place爆发、发生，the areas suffering the terrible hurricane热带风暴袭击的灾区。‎ A Hurricane Disaster ‎ A hurricane took place in some areas, like Maoming, Zhanjiang , and Yangjiang City in Guangdong on September 25, 2008.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ A Hurricane Disaster ‎ A hurricane took place in some areas, like Maoming, Zhanjiang , and Yangjiang City in Guangdong in September 25, 2008. The terrible hurricane struck the areas above, causing lots of houses and crops there ruined, and even some fishing boats carried to the lands by the seaside. Actually, the farming and fishing industry suffered a lot.‎ ‎ The Chinese Police Troops arrived immediately to rescue the villagers of the areas, doing their best to fight against the terrible hurricane, supplying the villagers with fresh water and food.‎ ‎ After some leaders of our country also inspected the areas suffering the terrible hurricane, supplies and money from all parts of Guangdong were sent to those areas to support them. After a long time, everything went on very well, which is a sign of victory.‎ Unit 2 The Olympic Games 语言要点 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. make sure/be sure/for sure ‎ ‎2. in charge of/in the charge of ‎3. compete / contest ‎4. basis / base / foundation 词形 变化 ‎1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告 advertisement n. 广告 advertising n. 做广告 (作定语)‎ ‎2. replace v. 代替, 取代 replacement n. 代替, 取代 ‎ replaceable adj. 可代替的; ‎ ‎3. interview v. n. 面试, 面谈; 采访 interviewee    （面试中）受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者 interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者 重点 单词 ‎1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认 ‎2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费 ‎3. bargain n.协议；廉价物；v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判 ‎4. promise v. & n. 允诺；答应 ‎5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得 重点 词组 ‎1. take part in参与；参加 ‎2. stand for stand for 代表；象征；表示 3. used to 过去常做某事 4. one after another one after another/the other 一个接一个地 重点句子 ‎1. How often do you hold your Games?‎ ‎2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women.‎ 重点语法 一般将来时的被动语态 （见语法部分）‎ Ⅰ 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) ‎ ‎1. make sure/be sure/for sure ‎ ‎【解释】‎ make sure 意为“确保”“弄清楚”，后接介词短语或从句。‎ be sure 后接不定式时，意为“一定”“必定”“准会”；若跟of、about短语或从句时，作“肯定”“有把握”解释；to be sure 作插入语时，意为“的确”“诚然”。‎ for sure 意为“肯定的”“毫无问题地”。‎ ‎ 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Have you ________ of the time of the train?‎ ‎2). _________ to write and tell me all the news.‎ ‎3). She is not pretty, _______, but she is very clever. ‎ ‎4). She won’t lend me any money，and that’s _______. ‎ ‎2. in charge of/in the charge of ‎【解释】‎ in charge of 表示“主管”，“看管”，“负责”。‎ in the charge of 表示“在……掌管之下；由……掌管”‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). He is _______ the school. ‎ ‎2). The school is _______ him.‎ ‎3. compete / contest ‎【解释】‎ compete 表示“为了争得名次、奖金，合同等”，并不含有将对手征服的意思。‎ contest 所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛，也可以是有敌意的竞赛，旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等，此外还可以表示赢得选举。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). The children _________ against each other t reach the other end of the pool.‎ ‎2). The soldiers ________ every inch of ground.‎ ‎4. basis / base / foundation ‎【解释】‎ basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。‎ base 侧重指构成或支撑某一物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。‎ foundation 用于具体意义时，侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基，用作比喻意义时，与basis基本相同。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). All dams need sound _________.‎ ‎2). The vase falls over a lot because the ________ is too small.‎ ‎3). The ______ of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.‎ Ⅱ 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）‎ ‎1. advertise vt. 做广告;‎ advertisement n. 广告 advertising n. 做广告(作定语)‎ ‎ 登广告 ‎2. replace v. 代替, 取代 replacement n. 代替, 取代 ‎ replaceable adj. 可代替的; ‎ ‎3. interview v. n. 面试, 面谈; 采访 interviewee    （面试中）受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者 interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 ‎1) Cigarette ________ should be banned. (advertise)‎ ‎2) They ________ their services on TV. (advertise)‎ ‎3） If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an _________ in the local paper? (advertise)‎ ‎4） They will find a ________ for Sue while she is ill (replace) ‎ ‎5） Can anything _________ a mother's love? (replace)‎ ‎6) Can you find a _________ book? (replace)‎ ‎7） We __________ 20 people for the job. (interview)‎ ‎8) I've got an _________ with National Chemicals. (interview)‎ Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入；接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）；承认，招认 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。‎ ‎2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。‎ ‎3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。‎ ‎4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ admit （doing）sth.承认某事/做了某事 admit that +从句 承认…… ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 不准那个人进来。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. charge n. 费用；v. 指控；收费 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。‎ ‎2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下 in charge of处于控制或支配（某人[某事物]）的地位: ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 这儿谁负责?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. bargain n.协议；廉价物；v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。‎ ‎2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。‎ ‎3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议 bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人讨价还价 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 工会为缩短工作周而（与资方）讨价还价。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. promise v. & n. 允诺；答应 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。‎ ‎2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ promise to do sth.答应做某事 promise sb. sth.答应某人某事 promise +that 从句 答应……‎ make a promise许下诺言 keep a promise遵守诺言 carry out a promise履行诺言 break a promise违背诺言 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我得让你遵守诺言。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。 ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 ‎ ‎2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. take part in 参与；参加 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?‎ ‎ 有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?‎ ‎2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment?‎ ‎ 你们会参与首次实验吗?‎ ‎[短语归纳] ‎ take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人；站在某……边 have a part to play能帮助；能在……中发挥作用 have／play a part(in sth)参与某事 ‎ for the most part多半；通常 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 他母亲总是护着他。 ‎ ‎2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。‎ ‎2. stand for 代表；象征；表示 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。‎ ‎2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.‎ ‎ 我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ stand by袖手旁观；无动于衷 stand by sb支持；帮助；忠于 stand out(from／as)显眼；突出 stand up站起；站立；起立 ‎ [练习] 中译英 ‎1). 无论如何，我都支持你。‎ ‎2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。‎ ‎3、used to 过去常做某事 ‎[典例] ‎ used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事，有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态，但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此，这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。‎ ‎1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事，该词组有各种时态 be used to do sth.被用于做……‎ ‎[练习] 选择正确的答案 ‎1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus.‎ A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked ‎ ‎2). Wood _______________ paper and other things.‎ A. is used to make B. is used to making ‎ C. used to make D. used to making ‎4. one after another/the other 一个接一个地 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Please line up one after another. 请按顺序排队。‎ ‎2). We achieved one victory after another. 我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。 ‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ one by one逐个地；逐一地 one another／each other相互 ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 他把所有书并列摆放起来。‎ ‎2). 账单纷至沓来。‎ Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. How often do you hold your Games? 你们奥运会多久举行一次？‎ ‎[解释] How often 问某事发生的频率。常用的答语有：every two days, once a week, at times等 How soon问某事在多少时间以内会完成。常用in/within短语回答 ‎---How soon will my dress be ready? ---In a week. 我的连衣裙要多久准备好？---一周。‎ How long问某动作或某状态持续多久多长时间。常用for短语回答，for可省略。‎ ‎---How long did you stay there? ---Only two days. 你在那呆了多久？---只是两天。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 你多久去游泳一次?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 你等了多久了?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women. 没有别的国家能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。‎ ‎[解释] “neither／nor + be动词／助动词／情态动词+主语”意为“……也不”，承接前面的否定句，用倒装语序。如：‎ I can't afford a new car, neither/nor can he.‎ 我买不起新车，他也是。‎ ‎“so+ be动词／助动词／情态动词+主语”意为“……也”，承接前面的肯定句，用倒装语序。‎ 如：‎ He is tired and so are you. 他累了, 我们也累了。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 如果你们今晚去看电影，我也去。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我以前没去过上海, 我妹妹也没去过。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ 课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ ‎ This passage is 1 (concern) with the modern and ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Olympic Games were held 2 four years in 3 (希腊). There are certain 4 (相同点) between the ancient and modern Olympic Games. For example, they both encourage 5 (friend) and cooperation. 6 there are also many significant differences between them. For example, nowadays, women can ‎7 in the games and there are more ‎8 in the modern Olympic. 9 these differences, it is important to remember the 10 (change) – swifter, higher and stronger. ‎ ‎2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意或将下面短文译成英语。‎ ‎ 课文展现了一位古希腊作家对Li Yan的采访，他们提到了现代奥运和古代奥运的相似点和不同点。‎ ‎ The passage shows _______________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案: The passage shows us an interview between an ancient Greek writer and Li Yan about the similarities and differences between the modern Olympics and the ancient Olympic Games. ‎ ‎3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ ‎1【课文原句】I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构:介词 + what宾语从句 + and / but + … + used to…‎ ‎【模仿1】我对你今天所做的很满意但我过去认为你是一个懒惰的孩子。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】我对发生在那里的事情感到非常遗憾，我过去常常认为那是不可能发生的。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2【课文原句】Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitiors.只有达到他们各自项目标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构:定语从句 + 被动语态 ‎【模仿1】只有那些各科都取得好成绩的人才可以被重点大学录取。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】只有那些达到了奥运标准的国家才可以申请举办奥运会。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.【课文原句】 It’s in the summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.跑步，游泳，划船和一些团体项目是在夏季运动会上举行。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构:强调句 + together with ‎【模仿1】只有多训练你才提高你的听，说，读，写的能力。‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】只有到科技发展了，教育和卫生才可能改善。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ 单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：183‎ 完成时间：14分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Recently, a professor of philosophy (哲学) in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has 21 that how we deal with money in our daily life has more meaning than we usually 22 . One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a 23 of every penny they spend for a week. From the 24 they spend their money, they can see what they really ‎25 in life.‎ ‎ The professor says our 26 with others often becomes clearly defined (明确) when money enters the picture. You 27 have wonderful friendships with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some 28 . If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems 29 than ever before. 30 it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn't.‎ ‎ Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are rich to be very important. The professor interviewed some rich people in researching his book.‎ ‎ 21. A.pointed B. studied C. discovered D. noticed ‎ 22. A.imagine B. think C. recognize D. plan ‎ 23. A.secrect B. diary C. promise D. record ‎ 24. A.way B. method C. opinion D. attitude ‎25. A.mean B. value C. get D. make ‎ 26. A.work B. friendship C. relation D. union ‎ 27. A.should B. must C. had to D. might ‎ 28. A.cars B. books C. rooms D. money ‎ 29. A.stronger B. weaker C. worse D. looser ‎ 30. A.But B. Otherwise C. And D. Then ‎2语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：166‎ 完成时间：8分钟 难度：**‎ ‎ One day John's wife was ill. He called the doctor and made sure they 31 meet at five. In the afternoon, he drove his car to the doctor's 32 got there at twenty to five. He thought,"It's a little earlier. I'll wait for a moment. It's good 33 (keep) the time."‎ ‎ Then he stopped his car in front of the doctor's. He looked 34 and saw a noisy square nearby. He went there and sat down on a chair to enjoy the last sunlight in the afternoon and make 35 quiet. He saw some children playing and some women talking to each other 36 （happy）. Suddenly he heard a girl 37 (cry). He came up to her and asked some questions. ‎ Then he knew she got lost. John tried to find out her address and took her home. The girl's parents were very 38 (thank). Then John hurried to the doctor's. The doctor said angrily 39 he saw him, "You're late. Why did you keep me waiting for twenty minutes?" John said nothing 40 one word. ''Sorry!"‎ ‎3.信息匹配 ‎2008年北京奥运会引起了世界各国人民的高度重视，他们踊跃要求做志愿者，故中国奥组委在网上公布了招聘志愿者的相关信息：‎ A. OPPORTUNITIES ‎ More than 20,000 volunteers of all ages come to support the 8,400 athletes that are participating in our year-round sports training and competition programs. To keep their dream alive, your help is needed. Here are some of the tips which you and/or your group need, just read the application guides or call at Beijing Olympics Volunteer hotline +86-10-12308 Olympic Jobs - Beijing 2008.‎ B. SPORTS ‎ Become a Special Olympics Coach in your favorite sport. Help get quality athletic uniforms and equipment for athletes. Set up Training Schools for volunteers in China. Duties include timers, scorekeepers, officials, announcers, award presenters.‎ C. SCHOOLS ‎ Athletes form teams that compete in a variety of sports. Adopt the Olympics Sports Skill Programs as part of your adaptive physical education and after school program. Organize a student fund-raiser to collect money for 2008 Beijing Olympics teams.‎ D. FUNDRAISING ‎ Encourage your business or place of work to make money or in-kind contribution to the Olympics. Organize a special event to raise money for the Olympics programs. Remember Olympics in your mind, or as a long-range planned gift. ‎ E. ADMINISTRATIVE ‎ Put your typing, filing, telephone, and computer skills to work as a volunteer in an Olympics office. Assist with large mailings, distribute fliers, and posters for our events.‎ F. PUBLIC RELATIONS ‎ Work in a Media Center for state competitions and special events. Volunteer your time to help out in the state’s public relations department. Collecting photographs and press clippings, preparing press kits, etc. (no previous experience required). Write athlete feature articles on athletes, families, coaches and the Olympics. ‎ 现在，请阅读下面志愿者网上发来的个人信息，了解他们的意愿及特长，然后进行信息匹配。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。‎ ‎41‎ ‎ Ave 6 1002 Perth, Australia ‎ ‎ January 1, 2007‎ Hi, sir,‎ I was born in Beijing, currently living in Perth, Australia and I’d like to sign up as a volunteer for Beijing Olympics. I’m willing to set up schools to train volunteers in China ‎ mainly to learn some English and skills to be timers, award presenters, so please consider me as one of your needed volunteers! Many thanks! ‎ ‎ Harry ‎42‎ ‎ 6 Villa Maurice, 9320 Antony, France ‎ May 2, 2007‎ Dear sir or madam,‎ I would like to take part in the volunteer program for the Olympic Games ‎2008 in Beijing, because it’s my dream to become a part of this great world event—Olympic Games, and I am very good at sports, but I’m old, can I still apply and how can I apply for it? ‎ ‎ Sincerely, ‎ ‎ Jesse ‎ ‎43‎ ‎ Marlborough 27, MA, USA ‎ ‎ April 20, 2007‎ Hello sir or madam,‎ I will be a Johnson & Wales Graduate. Though I am not very experienced, yet I would be very interested in volunteering myself for the summer Olympics. I would like a job as a news reporter, and if you would get back to me, I would gratefully thank you. ‎ ‎ Collins ‎44‎ ‎ Postbox 296 Oxford University, England ‎ ‎ August 8, 2007‎ Hello, gentlemen,‎ I am interested in a volunteer at Beijing Olympics. I was a basketball coach, working at Oxford University. I am eager to take on challenge to help athletes know how to form teams to compete. Also I will set up an organization to raise money for the Games. Please consider me.‎ ‎ Jack ‎45‎ ‎ 1889 Baxter Road , Loveland Ohio March 4, 2008‎ Dear Sir or Madam,‎ ‎ So excited about the Beijing Olympics, and it’s great to see so many people interested in volunteering. I would also like to be a part of this event! I am a secretary in a sports center in USA. I am good at computers and I can help with mails, posters and so on. ‎ Thanks and good luck to all of you!‎ ‎ Tony ‎4. 任务写作 ‎ 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。‎ ‎ We nowadays live in a global village, and many difficulties will arise if we can't express ourselves fluently in English.‎ ‎ In spite of my awareness of its importance, I seldom find chances to practice and improve my oral English. So, I am still very weak with regard to this respect. One reason is that my pronunciation and intonation aren't good enough. The other is that I am so shy that I am always too nervous to find the exact words to express my ideas and feelings. As a result the best way for me to do is to remain silent when others are practicing and making great progress in their oral English every day.‎ ‎ Now I am attaching much more importance to oral English and I have made up my mind to seize every opportunity to practice. I begin to participate actively in all kinds of English activities, such as going to "English Corners", talking in English with my classmates and with native speakers. "Nothing is difficult in the world if you really put your heart to it." as the Chinese saying goes. If I can build up my confidence, if I am not afraid of losing face any more, if I really work hard on it, I am sure my oral English will be excellent someday.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎ 1．以约30个词概括短文的要点：‎ ‎ 2．然后以120个词写一篇英语短文谈谈广东高考英语口试对你英语口语练习造成的影响，并包括如下要点：‎ ‎ 1)你以前对英语口语的态度及原因；‎ ‎ 2)广东高考英语口试对你目前英语口语练习造成的某些影响；‎ ‎ 3)你的感想或期望。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎ 1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。‎ ‎ 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎ [评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。‎ ‎ [写作辅导]‎ ‎ 1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：英语口语练习English oral practice, 广东高考英语口试Oral English- Test in Guangdong College Entrance Examination, 态度attitude，‎ ‎ 2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点：We nowadays live in a global village, and many difficulties will arise if we can't express ourselves fluently in English. / In spite of my awareness of its importance, I seldom find chances to practice and improve my oral English. / Now I .am attaching much more importance to oral English and I have made up my mind to seize every opportunity to practice.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是“谈谈广东高考英语口试对你目前英语口语练习的影响”，属于是评论性文字和结论性的观点，故用 一般现在时或一般将来时态。但“你以前对英语口语的态度及原因”是对过去发生的事情的叙述，故用过去的时态。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ Desires Motivate My Oral English Practice ‎ Living in a"global village", the writer finds it important to practise oral English, and he has paid more attention to it and is determined to get more chances to practise it.‎ ‎ I had such an experience of oral English practice. Years ago, I thought that spoken English was of no use, and I cared little about oral English.‎ ‎ After I have known something about Oral English Test in Guangdong College Entrance Examination, I have suddenly daydreamed of being an English major in a famous university. And I have been more diligent. I practise my oral English every morning and evening crazily.‎ ‎ Desires motivate my oral English practice. I realize that hard work creates miracles. All in all, I do hope I will be successful in my Oral English Test in Guangdong College Entrance Examination in April, and I will make my dream come true in the end.‎ Unit 3 Computers 语言要点 单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）‎ 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. personal / private / individual ‎2. after all/above all/at all/in all ‎3. type / kind /sort ‎4. deal with/do with 词形 变化 ‎1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险 exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险 exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的 ‎2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界 universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的；宇宙的 ‎3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现 appearance  n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观 重点 单词 ‎1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和 ‎2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件 ‎3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标 ‎4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯 ‎ ‎5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现； 发生 重点 词组 1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的 2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说 3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看 4. make up 化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）‎ 重点句子 ‎1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow larger!‎ ‎2. However，this reality also worried my designers 重点语法 现在完成时的被动语态 （见语法部分）‎ Ⅰ 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) ‎ ‎1. personal / private / individual ‎ ‎【解释】‎ personal 指属于或关于某人或某些特定的人，以区别于其他人。‎ private 指属于私人所有或具有私营性质，以区别于集体或公共的，有时含不公开的意味。‎ individual 与集体的相对，指个别或个体的。‎ ‎ 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Will you do it for me as a ________ favour?‎ ‎2). If you go to a _________ hospital, you must pay.‎ ‎3). We traveled together, but each _________ bought his own ticket. ‎ ‎2. after all/above all/at all/in all ‎ ‎【解释】‎ after all意为“毕竟”“尽管”“到底”“究竟”；‎ above all 意为“最重要的是”“尤其是”；‎ at all一般用在否定句中，用以加强否定语气。at all用在疑问句、条件句中，起强调作用，意为“真的”“确实”“竟然”等。另外，not at all用来表示“不用谢”；‎ in all表示“总共”“总计”。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). So you see，I was right ________. ‎ ‎2). ________，he wanted to succeed. ‎ ‎3). It will do you no harm ___________. ‎ ‎4). We visited, _______, 20 universities in the US. ‎ ‎3. type / kind /sort ‎【解释】‎ ‎1）kind系普通用语，其含义较模糊，它所指的种类可用任何标准区分，但着重以事物的自然属性和内在性质为标准来区分。‎ ‎2）type常和换用kind，但在表示动植物的种类,以及牌类游戏时，不能用type代替 ‎3）sort也为普通用语，比kind更口语化，其概念同kind一样很不严密，两者常可互换， 但sort常掺杂说话人的主观色彩，带有轻蔑与贬低的含义。如：‎ We talked of all sorts of subjects.我们谈了各种话题。‎ These sorts of people are ready to eat anywhere.这种人总是走到哪里吃到哪里。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). He’s quite a pleasant ________, really.‎ ‎2). All ________ of difficulties have to be overcome.‎ ‎3). I’ll never do this _________ of thing.‎ ‎4）There are different ________ of animals in Shanghai Wild Animal Park.‎ ‎4.deal with/do with ‎【解释】‎ deal with和do with二者可译为“处理”，但在特殊疑问句中, do with与what配合使用，而deal with与how配合使用。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). How would you _________ an armed burglar?‎ ‎2). What have you __________ my umbrella? ‎ Keys: 1). deal with 2). done with ‎ Ⅱ 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）‎ ‎1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险 exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险 exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的 ‎2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界 universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的；宇宙的 ‎3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现 appearance  n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 ‎1) We’ll take a voyage of _________. (explore)‎ ‎2) Columbus discovered America but did not ________ the new continent. (explore)‎ ‎3） They’re making ___________ medical tests. (explore)‎ ‎4） Television provides _________ entertainment. (universe) ‎ ‎5） There are lots of stars in the ________. (universe)‎ ‎6） Don't judge by __________ can be misleading. (appear)‎ ‎7) He promised to be here at four o'clock but didn't _________ until six. (appear) ‎ Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). He was fined the sum of 200. 他被处以200英镑罚金。‎ ‎2). The sum of 5 and 3 is 8. 5加3的和是8。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ in sum简言之; 总而言之 sum sb/sth up形成对某人[某事物]的看法 ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 总之, 计划告吹了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我认为她是个很能干的经理。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. advantage n.优点；优势；有利条件 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). He has the advantage of a steady job. 他有工作稳定的有利条件。‎ ‎2). They took full advantage of the hotel's facilities. 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ take advantage of 对……加以利用；欺骗 to sb.’s advantage 对某人有利 have /get/win an advantage over （of）胜过；优于 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1).协议对我们有利。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).她利用了我的慷慨。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. goal n. 球门；进球得的分；目标 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门 ‎2). We won by three goals to one 以三比一获胜。‎ ‎3). You’d better set a goal before you start. 开始前最好设定一个目标。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ score/kick a goal 得[踢进一球得]一分 keep goal守球门 life goal/ one’s goal in life生活目标 achieve / realize one’s goal实现目标 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1).他已经实现了他的目标。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).我的人生目标是帮助他人。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). A red light is usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。‎ ‎2). He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu. 他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。‎ ‎ [重点用法]‎ signal to sb/sth for sth 用信号传达（某信息）; 用信号与（某人）通讯 signal with…用……发信号 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1).铁路红灯亮了, 所以火车停下了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2).他用红旗发信号。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现； 发生 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。‎ ‎2). Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ arise from /out of由……引起；由……产生 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 夜间起风暴了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. in common 共同的；共有的；共用的 ‎[典例]‎ I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ have nothing in common 无共同之处 have little in common 几乎无共同之处 have something in common 有一些共同之处 have a lot in common 有许多共同之处 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 这个词常用吗?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 她已和许多人一起申请参加训练。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说 ‎ ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). In a way, his English has improved. 从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。‎ ‎2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ in the way 造成阻碍 on the/one’s way (to) 在(去…)的路上 by the way 顺便提一下 in no way 决不 all the way 自始自终;完全地 in this way 用这种方法 与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 从某种程度上说, 我很喜欢这本新教材。 ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 看来你的自行车挡着道了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗?‎ ‎2). He felt that God was watching over him. 他感觉到上帝保佑着他. ‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ watch out (for) 当心; 注意 watch for sb./sth. 观察等待 keep a watch on 监视 under the close watch 在严密的监视下 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 他们等待着进一步的发展。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 小心! 汽车来了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. make up 化妆；化装；捏造，虚构（故事，诗等）‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). She spent an hour making (herself) up before the party. 她在聚会前化妆用了一个小时。‎ ‎2). Stop making things up! 不要胡编了!‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ make up for补偿 be made up of = consist of由……组成 make for有利于……，有助于……；走向；冲向 make it及时赶到，办成功 make it up和解；讲和 make known使知晓；传达 make out理解；懂得；辨认出 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1).社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。‎ ‎2).她总是浓妆艳抹的。‎ Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger!‎ 到20世纪40年代，我已经长到一个大房间那么大，我不知道我会不会继续长大。‎ ‎[解释] 1). as large as．．．“有……大”，后面常加数词．例如：‎ This playground is as large as 500squaremeters．‎ 这个操场有‎500平方米那么大。‎ ‎2). I wondered if．．“我不知道(奇怪)是否……”，是一个常见句式，常用于口语，表示一种委婉或客气的语气。例如：‎ I wondered if you would mind giving me a hand.‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我也不知道他们能不能准时到。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 那个男子的体重比他重一倍。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. However，this reality also worried my designers．可是这个现实也困扰着我的设计者们。‎ ‎ [解释] however adv．尽管；尽管如此，可是；仍然。表示转折；可放在句首、句中或句尾，但用逗号隔开。例如：‎ I meant to go abroad last year. However, I changed my mind later.‎ 我本打算去年出国，但是后来改变了主意。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 她仍然在等，尽管没有任何回音。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他说事情就是那样，不过他错了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ 课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ Over time I have been changed a lot. I could 1 (简化) difficult sums when I began ‎2 a calculating machine. After I was programmed by an operator, I could 3 (logic) produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it 4 (consider) a 5 ( 技术的) revolution. In 1936, I could solve difficult problems as a 6 (universe) machine. From then on, my memory has developed so much 7 I never forget 8 I have been told. Since the 1970s, many new applications have been found for me. For example, I have been sent to explore the Moon. 9 , my goal is 10 (provide) humans with a life of high quality. ‎ ‎2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案 电脑作为课文的叙述者讲述了它从一部计算器发展成为电脑和手提电脑以及它在各个领域的运用。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ ‎1. 【课本原句】As time went by, I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: first…+ then…+ later….‎ ‎【模仿1】毕业以后，他先是做一名工人，接着做了一个商店的经理后来做了一个工厂的老板。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】从那时开始，他先在一家车厂工作，然后在一家钢厂任工程师，当其时那是一家最大的钢厂，后来又到了一家生产电脑的公司任总裁。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．【课本原句】I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.我还被放在机器人里面，被用来制作移动手机，并且用来帮助作医疗手术。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: as well as ‎ ‎【模仿1】通过上网，人们可以获得知识和乐趣。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】随着经济的快速发展，越来越多的家长能够负担得起培训课，从中他们的孩子既可以获得一些技能也可以丰富他们的生活。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ 单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：215‎ 完成时间：15分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ I made a promise to myself on the way down to the vacation beach cottage. For two weeks I would try to be a loving husband and father. Totally 21 . The idea had come to me as I listened to a commentator (解说员) on my car's tape player. He was ‎22 a passage about husbands' being 23 of their wives. Then he went on to say, "Love is an act of will. A person can 24 to love."‎ ‎ To myself, I had to admit that I had been dulled by my own insensitivity ( 感觉迟钝). So I would like to 25 . And it did. Right from the moment I kissed Katherine at the door and said, "That new yellow sweater looks 26 on you." "Oh, Tom, you noticed." She said, surprised and 27 . ‎ ‎ After the long drive, I wanted to sit and read. Katherine suggested a walk on the beach. I started to refuse, but then I thought, "Katherine's been 28 here with the children the year round." We walked on the beach while the children flew their kites. We visited the shell museum though I usually hate museums. Relaxed and happy, that's how the whole 29 passed. I made a new promise to keep on 30 to choose to love. ‎ ‎21. A. loved B. lovely C. lovable D. loving ‎ ‎22. A. thinking B. writing C. reading D. believing ‎ ‎23. A. helpful B. useful C. thoughtful D. hopeful ‎24. A. want B. choose C. remember D. ask ‎ ‎25. A. happen B. change C. develop . D. forbid ‎26. A. great B. big C. small D. old ‎27. A. frightened B. anxious C. pleased D. disappointed ‎ ‎28. A. asleep B. alone C. alive D. awake ‎29. A. morning B. year C. festival D. vacation ‎30. A. reminding B. requiring C. repaying D. remembering ‎2语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：179‎ 完成时间：9分钟 难度：**‎ ‎ When I was in my first year of college, I felt hopeless, lonely and very depressed. 31 one such day, I was walking from class across campus to catch my bus home, head down, fighting tears of despair, when 32 old man came along the sidewalk toward me. I had never seen him before. Embarrassed at 33 (see) in such an emotional mess, I turned my head away and tried to hurry past. I thought he would walk on by, but he moved 34 he was directly in front of me, waited, and then smiled.‎ ‎ 35 (look) into my eyes, this stranger spoke in a quiet voice, " 36 is wrong will pass. You're going to be OK. Just hang on." I cannot explain the impact of that moment. He gave me one thing I had lost 37 (complete): hope. I looked for him on campus 38 thank him, but never saw 39 again.‎ ‎ That was thirty years ago. I have never forgotten that moment, 40 taught me to give hope to others wherever I see them in distress.‎ ‎3阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：376‎ 完成时间：7分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Women should not drink any alcohol during pregnancy. A report released by NICE says. It says if they must drink, they should not do so in the first three months and should limit to one or two ounces once or twice a week afterwards. It replaces previous guidance of saying small daily amounts were fine.‎ ‎ NICE decided to tighten its guidance partly because of the concern that people are now drinking more than in the past. Previous draft guidance suggested women should drink an ounce of alcohol a day once they were past the first three months of pregnancy. The Department of Health in England changed its guidance last year, calling for no drinking while pregnant or while trying to get pregnant. ‎ Drinking heavily in pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome (胎儿酒精综合症), which can leave children with features like small heads, widely spaced eyes and behavior or learning problems,‎ ‎ The experts said there was no evidence that several ounces once or twice a week would do any harm to the baby but could not categorically rule out (排除) any risk. ‎ ‎ National Childbirth Trust agreed women should limit their drinking during pregnancy. "Pregnant women who have had a few drinks often worry a great deal about whether they have harmed their baby. In general, it is believed that if a light infrequent drinker, in good health, drinks to the point of drunkenness on one occasion, the risk to her baby is small."‎ ‎ NICE also made a number of other recommendations for the care of women in the UK who were pregnant or planning to get pregnant. It said vitamin D and folic acid (叶酸) supplements should be offered by health staff to help avoid conditions such as rickets (软骨病) and spina bifida (脊椎裂). Officials also called for local health officials to ensure equal support plans where mothers encourage new parents to breastfeed are set up. NICE also called for improvements in the care of pregnant women with diabetes. About 20;000 pregnancies each year are affected by diabetes and, therefore, carry, higher risk of miscarriage (流产) and still birth. The guidance said women should get access to advice and support, in particular to achieve good blood sugar control before they get pregnant.‎ ‎41. What is the advice made by the Department of Health on drinking alcohol during pregnancy?‎ ‎ A. Little in the first three months and a gradual increase afterwards.‎ ‎ B. An ounce a day after the first three months. ‎ ‎ C. No drinking for pregnant women.‎ ‎ D. Those who drink regularly need not worry about the harm to their babies.‎ ‎42. What's the meaning of the underlined word "categorically'' in Paragraph 3 ?‎ ‎ A. Honestly. B. Absolutely. C. Physically. D. Doubtfully.‎ ‎43. According to the passage, miscarriage is caused most probably by __________.‎ ‎ A. the lack of vitamin D and folic acid ‎ B. rickets and spina bifida ‎ C. the lack of doctors' advice and support ‎ D. diabetes carded by pregnant women ‎44. National Childbirth Trust found that __________. ‎ ‎ A. a pregnant woman drinking alcohol infrequently has little risk to her baby ‎ B. pregnant women who drink a little occasionally are always afraid of the effects ‎ C. there is no evidence that a pregnant woman drinking alcohol might harm her baby ‎ D. getting drunk once won’t harm the baby ‎45. In this passage, the author mainly intends to ___________. ‎ ‎ A. show NICE's new guidance on pregnant women's alcohol drinking and its advice for the care of pregnant women ‎ B. warn pregnant women against any alcohol during pregnancy ‎ C. show the present situation of pregnant women's drinking limit ‎ D. call for more care for pregnant women in society ‎4基础写作 ‎ ‎ [写作内容]‎ ‎ 假如你的美国朋友John想了解有关2010年在广州召开的第16届亚运会的一些情况，现在让你给他写一封信介绍第16届广州亚运会会徽及意义，信件内容应包含以下内容：‎ ‎ 1．太阳，意味着亚运会充满活力；‎ ‎ 2．五羊标志，代表广州及其人民的美好愿望：‎ ‎ 3．四条跑道和五羊结合成燃烧的火炬，象征燃烧着的亚运会圣火：‎ ‎ 4．会徽里的文字表示第16届亚运会举办的地点和时间。‎ ‎ [写作要求] ‎ ‎ 1．只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容。‎ ‎ 2．信的开头已给出不算词数。‎ ‎ 3．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎ [评分标准]‎ ‎ 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。‎ ‎ [写作向导]‎ ‎ 1．时态：介绍第16届广州亚运会会徽及意义，应该用一般现在时为主要时态。‎ ‎ 2．可用词汇与句型：sacred flame圣火,the Emblem of the l6th Asian Games第16届广州亚 ‎ 运会会徽，the Five Goats五羊标志，Track跑道，dynamic，adj充满活力的．dynamism n，充满活力，combination n．结合。‎ Dear John,‎ ‎ How are you? I am writing to tell you something about the Emblem of the 16th Asian Games.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ Dear John,‎ ‎ How are you? I am writing to tell you something about the Emblem of the 16th Asian Games. The Emblem of the 16th Asian Games consists of six parts, each of which has its own special meaning. The sun means the dynamic Asian Games. As we all know, the Five Goats represents a perfect symbol of Guangzhou and the best wishes of its people. In addition, combination of the Five Goats and the four tracks is like the shape of a torch, which stands for the ever-burning sacred flame of the Asian Games. What's more, the English words in the emblem show that the 16th Asian Games will be hosted in Guangzhou in 2010.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Li Hua Unit 4 Wildlife Protection ‎ 语言要点 单元要点预览 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. contain / include ‎ ‎2. reserve / keep / preserve ‎3. reduce / decrease ‎4. fierce / wild / violent 词形 变化 ‎1. power n. 能力 powerful adj. 强有力的; 力量大的 powerfully adv. 强有力地; 力量大地 ‎2. appreciate v. 理解并欣赏; 赏识; 高度评价 appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激 ‎ appreciative adj. 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的 ‎3. succeed v.  成功; 做成; 达到目的 ‎ success  n.  成功; 成就; 成名; 发财; 胜利; 达到目的 successful adj.  获得成功的; 取得成效的; 达到目的的 重点 单词 ‎1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的；无居民的, 荒凉的 ‎2. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭 ‎3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索 ‎4. distant n. （空间或时间）远隔的, 遥远的 ‎5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运 重点 词组 ‎1. pay attention to 注意 ‎2. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭 ‎3. come into being形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时态）‎ 重点句子 ‎1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.‎ ‎2. They set the number of animals to be hunted.‎ 重点语法 现在进行时的被动语态（见语法部分）‎ Ⅰ 词语辨析 ‎ ‎1. contain / include ‎【解释】‎ contain强调主语含有某种成分或装有某物。如：‎ include强调主语包含的人或物是主语的一部分。所以include常译为“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常见的表达形式。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). The list ________ his name.‎ ‎2). Beer __________ alcohol.‎ Keys: 1). included 2). contains ‎ ‎2. reserve / keep / preserve ‎【解释】‎ reserve 正式用词，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。‎ keep 最常用词，指长时间牢固地保持合伙保存。‎ preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Will you _______ these documents for us?‎ ‎2). In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing.‎ ‎3). All the front seats are _________ for foreign guests.‎ Keys: 1). keep 2).preserved 3). reserved ‎3. reduce / decrease ‎【解释】‎ reduce 强调在“数量、大小，程度或强度”方面下降或减少。‎ decrease 侧重强调“稳定地，逐渐地，不断地”减少 ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). The workers _______ their wage demands.‎ ‎2). Lack of success _________ confidence.‎ Keys: 1). reduced 2). decreased ‎ ‎4. fierce / wild / violent ‎【解释】‎ fierce 指人或兽的凶猛残酷。‎ wild 既可指自然界的荒芜，未被驯化状态，又指人的无法无天，不文明的野蛮行为。‎ violent 指人时侧重极为不安、异常激动，暗含有暴力行为；也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). She is afraid of his _________ looks.‎ ‎2). Who was that _________ old lady?‎ ‎3). _______ criminals like that are a danger to society.‎ Keys: 1). wild 2). fierce 3). violent Ⅱ 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）‎ ‎1. power n. 能力 powerful adj. 强有力的; 力量大的 powerfully adv. 强有力地; 力量大地 ‎2. appreciate v. 理解并欣赏; 赏识; 高度评价 appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激 ‎ appreciative adj. 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的 ‎3. succeed v.  成功; 做成; 达到目的 ‎ success  n.  成功; 成就; 成名; 发财; 胜利; 达到目的 successful adj.  获得成功的; 取得成效的; 达到目的的 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 ‎1) I will do everything in my ________ to help you. (power)‎ ‎2) He is very _________ built. (power)‎ ‎3） Elephants have _________ legs. (power)‎ ‎4） She shows little or no ________ of good music. (dusk) ‎ ‎5） Your help was greatly _________. (dusk )‎ ‎6） I'm most _________ of your generosity. (add)‎ ‎7) He wasn't a ________ as a teacher. (add)‎ ‎8) If at first you don't ________, try, try again. (add)‎ ‎9) My final attempt to fix it was __________.‎ Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的；无居民的, 荒凉的 ‎1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜欢拍摄野生动物。‎ ‎2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我们走进荒无人烟的山区。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ be wild about sth/sb（对某事物[某人]）极热心或热爱 be wild with… 因……而发狂 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 群众欣喜若狂。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. relief n. （痛苦﹑ 困苦﹑ 忧虑等的）减轻或解除 ‎1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。‎ ‎2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ ‎(much) to one’s relief 使某人大为放心；使某人深感宽慰 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 见到你在这儿也就放心了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群猎食的。‎ ‎2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ hunt for 试图找到（某物[某人]）‎ hunt after 探求；追求 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我在寻找一本失去的书。‎ ‎2). 许多人一生追求成名，但一无所获。‎ ‎4. distant n. （空间或时间）远隔的, 遥远的 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 机场距离城市大约十英里远。‎ ‎2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的远房表妹。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ be distant with / towards with sb. 对……冷淡 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 这两种学说之间没有什么关联。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 她对妈妈总是很冷淡。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。‎ ‎2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制 have mercy on / upon对……有怜悯心 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制 ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 可怜可怜我们吧。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ 词组 ‎1. pay attention to 注意 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意我说的话。‎ ‎2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ catch sb's attention 吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物 give one's attention to 注意…… ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 报纸的大标题引起他的注意。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 她要我注意报告中的一处错误。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏, 几乎绝种了。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ die away减弱（以至觉察不到）；淡化 die down逐渐降低；减弱 be dying 垂死的 be dying for/to do sth.渴望 die of 死于（饥饿；病） die from死于（外界引起的）‎ die hard很难改变；顽固 ‎[练习] 用die 构成的词组填空 ‎1). The noise of the car ________ in the distance.‎ ‎2). The old traditions are _________.‎ ‎3). The man _________ a wound ‎ ‎4). I'm ________ something to eat. ‎ ‎3. come into being形成；产生（不可用于被动语态或进行时态）‎ ‎[典例]‎ Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ come into effect实施 come into use投入使用 come into power上台执政 ‎[练习]用 come的相关词汇填空 ‎1). When did the world _________? ‎ ‎2). The new seat-belt regulations __________ last week. ‎ ‎3). When did this word ___________?‎ Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身看到一只羚羊带着忧郁的神色望着她。‎ ‎[解释]此句可改成：‎ She turned around and there was an antelope which was looking at her with a sad face.‎ ‎“with a sad face looking at her” 为with的复合结构，即with +名词、代词（介词宾语）+v.-ing（宾补）。可充当宾补的还有分词、不定式、形容词、副词及介词短语。简单总结为：with +宾语+-v.-ed /v.-ing /to do）作伴随状语或定语 ‎[典例]‎ With some students following behind, he came in.‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 新老板很担心，因为有很多事要处理。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. They set the number of animals to be hunted. 他们拨出一定数量的动物供人们捕猎。‎ ‎[解释]to be ‎ hunted为动词不定式的被动式，在此作animals的后置定语。不定式作定语时，在句中如果能找到不定式动作的执行者，常用不定式的主动式，找不到时常用不定式的被动式。‎ ‎[典例]‎ The first thing to be done is to tidy up the office.‎ The first thing for you to do is to tidy up the office.‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 在我们出发之前，这辆车必须修理一下。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 会议明天举行。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ 课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ Daisy desired to help 1 (endanger) species of wildlife because a large number of animals are dying 2 . One day, a flying carpet took her to a 3 (遥远) land, 4 she could find antelopes 5 gave fur to make sweaters. Then she met an elephant in Zimbabwe and was told that elephants used to be hunted without 6 . But now people know the 7 (重要) of wildlife 8 (protect).‎ ‎2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案 文章讲述了Daisy的经历。她到西藏，津巴布韦和热带雨林游览，在那她发现一些动物濒意识到临灭绝，由此她保护动物的重要性。‎ ‎ The passage tells us ________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ 1. ‎【原句】Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animals that gave fur to make this sweater. 请带我到遥远的地方，在那里我可以发现为制作这件毛衣而提供毛绒的那种动物。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: 定语从句1 （where）+ 定语从句2 ‎ ‎【模仿1】我知道有这么一个地方盛产西瓜，而且西瓜含糖高。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】我们已经处于这样的处境--- 我们不得不马上解决我们面临的问题。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. 【原句】They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being. 千百万年，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: …+ long before….‎ ‎【模仿1】: 早在你告诉我之前很久我就知道他们被邀请来参加晚会的消息。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】在我认识他们之前的很久他们就互相认识了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________‎ 单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：198‎ 完成时间：13分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ It is a 21 day. I got in touch with Michael whom I have been losing 22 for one year.‎ ‎ We have lost contact since our last ‎23 in my senior 3. He mentioned to me in his last letter that he was preparing for going to the UK to 24 his education. I, shamefully, was too busy to reply his mail then. When I was 25 to the ZJU and won the final freedom, I thought he had already been in UK so I had no 26 where to write him.‎ ‎ I used to think that we would never 27 again. However, I found out 28 that he is still in PRC.I eventually got him on the phone. He was very surprised.‎ ‎ Life is ‎29 in moments such like this. Old friends meet again surprisingly; they look at the face of each other, and recognize the old pal. It is such moment that makes me feel grateful to life: whenever I set off for a new 30 , I see I have friends in the same direction, with whom I won't feel alone any more.‎ ‎ 21. A. celebrating B. terrifying. C. surprising D. shamefully ‎ 22. A. join B. contact C. connect D. relate ‎ 23. A. friendship B. roommateship C. correspondence D. relationship ‎ 24. A. receive B. continue C. keep D. further ‎ 25. A. recommended B. commanded C. congratulated D. achieved ‎ 26. A. suggestion B. help C. idea. D. thought ‎ 27. A. meet B. see C. help D. communicate ‎ 28. A. sadly B. excitedly C. astonishedly D. worriedly ‎29. A. enjoyable B. unforgettable C. responsible D. patient ‎30. A. system B. ambition C. achievement D. destination ‎2语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：155‎ 完成时间：9分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Here is a SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING for you now. 31 is known to all, the styles of Western art 32 (change) many times, while Chinese art has changed 33 often. During 34 Middle Ages, the main purpose of a painter was to represent religious themes. 35 by the 13th century painters began to paint more realistically.‎ ‎ In the Renaissance, painters tried to paint people and nature as they 36 were. And they learned to draw things in perspective.‎ ‎ 37 late 19th to early 20th century, the impressionist painters wanted to show 38 light and shadow fell on objects. From 20th century to now, 39 have appeared scores of modem art and styles.‎ ‎ New styles of painting are expected 40 (come)into being in the future. ‎ ‎3阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：403‎ 完成时间：8分钟 难度：*****‎ ‎ The American Westward Movement was a movement of people from the sealed regions to lands farther west. Between the early 17th and late 19th centuries, Anglo-American peoples and their societies expanded from the Atlantic Coast to the Pacific Coast by greatly expanding the nation’s borders, and the United States became a powerful nation in the 20th century. However, this expansion also resulted in great suffering and destruction, and a painful loss of culture for Native Americans.‎ ‎ Some of the Native American tribes (部落) of the Gmat Plains were hunters and gatherers. Most tribes in the Southwest were hunters and farmers. In the Pacific Northwest, tribes were traders and fishermen, and relied on rivers rich with all sorts of fish. Westward expansion destroyed resources and damaged the environment, thus destroying the ability of Native Americans to support themselves. In addition, the pioneers carried diseases that killed thousands. ‎ ‎ Some Native Americans fought against the coming of white settlers. The most famous conflicts took place on the Great Plains, where many tribes fought against the U.S. Army in several wars between 1855 and 1877. Native Americans won some big victories, including the famous defeat of George Custer on Montana's Little Bighorn River in 1876, but were finally suppressed (镇压), and then forced to reservations (居留地). In 1877 the Nez Perce tribe fought an.unsuccessful attempt to escape to Canada. Southwestern Apache peoples, with their most famous leader, Geronimo, fought against the occupation of their lands until 1886. However, it wasn't a conflict that destroyed independent Native American culture; it was the great number of white sealers that took over Native American lands, and the ways in which these settlers transformed the West.‎ ‎ New laws limited Native Americans to reservations and forced them to take meager (贫困的) government handouts. Government policy tried to assimilate (同化) the tribes into white society by reducing native culture and trying to make Native Americans follow white customs. The Dawes Act of 1887 aimed to put an end to the reservations, and decrease the importance of the tribes by handing out reservation land to individual natives. Between 1887 and 1934, dozens of reservations were destroyed, and Native American lands were reduced from 150 million areas to 48 million. Luckily, however, despite the poor living conditions on many reservations even to this day, Native Americans have managed in many cases to keep much of their culture and identity.‎ ‎ 41. By writing this passage the author intends to _________.‎ ‎ A. show the importance of the Westward Movement in the United States ‎ B. introduce the history of settlement during the Westward Movement ‎ C. show the painful loss of native ways of life during the Westward Movement ‎ D. criticize white Americans for suppressing the natives and destroying their cultures ‎42. In the author’s opinion, the Native Americans suffered most from __________. ‎ ‎ A. the diseases carried by the whites ‎ B. the loss of their lands ‎ C. the wars against the white settlers ‎ D. cultural assimilation by whites ‎43. Native culture was first cut down in the process of Westward Movement mainly by the ___________.‎ ‎ A. conflicts ‎ B. reservations ‎ C. new laws ‎ D. policies of assimilation ‎44. The Dawes Act of 1887 was carried out to __________. ‎ ‎ A. make the occupation of lands by whites lawful ‎ B. destroy native means of living ‎ C. weaken native culture and identity ‎ D. establish the whites' rule ‎45. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ ‎ A. The writer is relieved that some native culture has been saved.‎ ‎ B. Native lands were reduced because the natives were defeated by the whims.‎ ‎ C. Native cultures only exist on reservations now.‎ D. The natives weren't as healthy as the whites.‎ ‎4.读写任务 ‎ 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文：‎ ‎ About 43 years ago, I was an instructor in the military college at Woolwich, when young Scoresby was given his first examination. I felt extremely sorry for him. Everybody answered the questions well, intelligently, while he did not know anything, so to speak. He was a nice, pleasant young man. It was painful to see him stand there and give answers that were wonders of stupidity.‎ ‎ I knew of course that when examined again he would fail and be thrown out. So, I said to myself, it would be a simple, harmless act to help him as much as I could.‎ ‎ I took him aside and found he knew a little about Julius Cesar's history. But he did not know anything else. So, I tested him and worked him like a slave. I made him work, over and over again, on a few questions about, which I knew he would be asked.‎ ‎ He came through very well on the day of the examination. He got high praise too, while others who knew a thousand more than he were sharply criticized!‎ ‎ I thought that what in the end would destroy him would be the mathematics examination. I decided to make his end as painless as possible. So, I pushed facts into his stupid head for hours. Finally, however, I was shocked out of my mind. He took the first prize! And he got the highest praise.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎ 1)以约30个词概括短文的要点.‎ ‎ 2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你了解的某人一次靠不断努力取得成功的经历，并包括如下的要点：‎ ‎ ①叙述你了解的某人靠不断努力取得成功的一次真实或虚构的经历。‎ ‎ ②别人对此事如何评价。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎ 1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。‎ ‎ 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ Perseverance Creates Miracles ‎ His instructor's help and his diligence made Scoresby, a stupid military man, did better than others in the history examination and even won the first prize in the maths examination.‎ ‎ This story reminds me of a similar experience of my seatmate. He was really a basketball fan. So you can imagine how angry and disappointed his parents were every time the result of an exam came out! He had been the last in the list of the whole grade! Everybody around my seatmate believed him hopeless. However, when he became a student of Senior Three, for some reason, he began to study very hard, or rather, all day and all night. Despite the fact that he was quite often laughed at and looked down upon, he kept on studying. To everybody's surprise, he was finally admitted into a famous university in Guangdong Province.‎ ‎ In fact, nothing is impossible and perseverance creates miracles。‎ Unit 5 Music 语言要点 单元要点预览 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. extra / additional ‎2. instrument / equipment ‎3. perform / act ‎4. come up with /come up/ come up to 词形 变化 ‎1. perform v. 执行, 履行; 表演 performance n. 执行, 履行; 表演; 表现, 行为, 成就 performer n. 表演者; 演出者 ‎ ‎2. attract v.  吸引; 引起; 激起 attraction  n.  吸引; 引起; 激起 attractive adj.  吸引的 ‎3. devote vt. 付出（时间﹑ 精力等）;奉献; 献身于某事物 devotion n. 付出（时间﹑ 精力等）;奉献; 献身 devoted adj.热爱的; 非常忠实的; 全心全意的 重点 单词 ‎1. roll n. 卷状物; 小圆面包; 摇摆; 摇晃 vt. & vi. （使某物）滚动; 摇晃 ‎2. attach vt. & vi. 系上； 缚上；附加；连接 ‎3. form vt. 形成﹑ 构成﹑ 组成 ‎4. reply vt. 指望或依赖某人[某事物]‎ ‎5. brief adj. 简短的; 简洁的n. 摘要；任务简介 重点 词组 1. dream of梦想 2. break up分裂；解体；打碎；结束 3. sort out 分类 重点句子 ‎1. Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends．‎ ‎2. However，after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work，the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band．‎ 重点语法 定语从句：介词+关系代词（见语法部分）‎ Ⅰ 词语辨析 ‎ ‎1. extra / additional ‎【解释】‎ extra 指不包含本身而额外加上去的部分。‎ additional 指在原有基础上添加上去的。‎ ‎ 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). There is an ________ charge for heavy bags.‎ ‎2). I don’t suppose they wanted any ________ help.‎ ‎2. instrument / equipment ‎【解释】‎ instrument乐器，仪器；为某个用途而使用的工具。‎ equipment 指生产、研究所需要的设备、装置；是不可数名词。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). Our school has been given some new ________.‎ ‎2). They each play several _________.‎ ‎3. perform / act ‎【解释】‎ perform 侧重表演的能力、技巧或效果；其主语可以是人，也可以为动物。‎ ‎ act 侧重“扮演、担任”某一角色，侧重于动作，主语通常是人。‎ ‎【练习】‎ ‎1). The monkeys ________ very well at the circus.‎ ‎2). He acted Deng Xiaoping with deep feeling.‎ ‎4. come up with/come up/ come up to ‎【解释】‎ come up with意为“想出”“提出”“赶上”。 ‎ come up作“(意想不到地)发生”“引起注意”“得到考虑”解。‎ come up to意为“达到(某水平、标准)”。‎ ‎【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 ‎1). It’s wonderful for you to _________ such a good idea.‎ ‎2). I _________ her as she was rounding the corner. ‎ ‎3). His work does not _________ what we expect of him.‎ Ⅱ 词性变化 ‎1. perform v. 执行, 履行; 表演 performance n. 执行, 履行; 表演; 表现, 行为, 成就 performer n. 表演者; 演出者 ‎ ‎2. attract v.  吸引; 引起; 激起 attraction  n.  吸引; 引起; 激起 attractive adj.  吸引的 ‎3. devote vt. 付出（时间﹑ 精力等）;奉献; 献身于某事物 devotion n. 付出（时间﹑ 精力等）;奉献; 献身 devoted adj.热爱的; 非常忠实的; 全心全意的 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 ‎1) This is a mother's ________ to her children. (devote)‎ ‎2) She is ________ to her children. (devote)‎ ‎3） The old man _________ himself to a noble cause. (devote)‎ ‎4） His ________ in the test was not good enough. (perform) ‎ ‎5） They are ________ his play/piano concert tonight. (perform)‎ ‎6） She felt an immediate _________ to him. (attract)‎ ‎7) The dog was __________ by the smell of the meat. (attract)‎ ‎8) Your proposal sounds very _________. (attract)‎ Ⅲ 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. roll n. 卷状物; 小圆面包; 摇摆; 摇晃 vt. & vi. （使某物）滚动; 摇晃 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The slow, steady roll of the ship made us feel sick.船老是晃晃悠悠的, 弄得我们很恶心。‎ ‎2). Six brown rolls, please. 请给我来六个黑面包。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ roll sth up（将某物）卷或绕成球形或圆柱形; 卷起（某物）‎ roll in 滚滚而来; 大量涌来 ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 仍不断有人提出愿予以帮助。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他总是抽自己卷的烟.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. attach vt. & vi. 系上； 缚上；附加；连接 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). He will attach a label to each piece of luggage. 他会把每件行李上都加上标签。‎ ‎2). Do you attach any importance to what he said? 你认为他说的话重要吗?‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ attach (sth.) to(sth.)将某物系在、缚在或附在（另一物）上 attach to sb. / sth. 与某人相关联; 归于某人 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 这件事不怪你。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 信中附一文件。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. form vt. 形成﹑ 构成﹑ 组成 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The reservoir was formed by flooding the valley. 这个水库是引水淹没山谷而形成的。‎ ‎2). His research formed the basis of his new book. 他的研究成果是他这本新书的基础。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ form sth. from sth. （使）形成﹑ 构成﹑ 组成 form sb. / sth. into sth. 将（某人[某事物]）按一定顺序排列 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 老师让学生排成一排。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 他们正用用陶土做碗。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. reply vt. 指望或依赖某人[某事物]‎ ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help/to help us. 现今人们越来越依赖计算机协助工作 ‎2). I relied on you(r) coming early. 我指望你早来。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ reply on/upon sb/sth (to do sth) 指望或依赖某人[某事物]‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 别指望她能说真话。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 你尽管相信我一定为你保密。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. brief adj. 简短的; 简洁的n. 摘要；任务简介 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). Mozart's life was brief. 莫扎特的一生是短暂的。‎ ‎2). It's not part of my brief to train new employees. 训练新雇员不是我工作范围以内的事。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ in brief 简言之 to be brief 简单地说，一句话 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 请简洁说。‎ ‎2). 总之, 你做得不好。‎ Ⅳ 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. dream of梦想 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). I dreamt about flying last night. 昨夜我梦见我在飞翔。‎ ‎2). Was it real or did I dream it? 是真的还是我当时在做梦?‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ dream of /about (doing) sth. 梦见做…… dream of/about sb./sth梦见某人/某物 dream one’s life away虚度光阴 ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 她虚度一生, 一事无成。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我梦见我能飞翔。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. break up分裂；解体；打碎；结束 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). The crowd started to break up when the night fell.天快黑时人群开始散开了。‎ ‎2). Their marriage broke up.他们的婚姻破裂了。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ break away from摆脱；脱离 break down出故障；分解；‎ break into破门而入 break out爆发 break through突破 ‎[练习] 用break 构成的词组填空 ‎1). The telephone system has _________.‎ ‎2). The company top meeting didn’t ________ until midnight.‎ ‎3). Fire _________ during the night. ‎ ‎4). His house was _________ last week.‎ ‎3.sort out 分类 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). We must sort out the good apples from the bad. 咱们得把好苹果拣出来, 同坏的分开。‎ ‎2). Let's leave them to sort themselves out. 他们的事儿让他们自己解决吧。‎ ‎[短语归纳]‎ sort out整理 sort sth/oneself out解决（某个[自己的]问题等）‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 我需要先安顿一下, 然后再去找新的工作。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 这房间需要收拾一下。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅴ 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if ‎ they were close friends．素不相识的人们经常议论他们的私生活就像是谈论他们亲密的朋友一样。‎ ‎[解释] ‎ ‎1). 连词as if=as though，意为“仿佛，像，似乎”。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。其后的从句可以用陈述语气，但多用于虚拟语气。如：‎ How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!‎ 他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气)‎ She seems as订she is going to cry．‎ 她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实)‎ ‎2).as if (though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。如‘‎ He acts as if a fool．他做事像个傻子。‎ He raised his hand as if to take off his hat．‎ 他举起他的手，好像要取下帽子。‎ ‎3). as if (though)还可以表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。如：‎ As if anyone would believe that story!好像有人竟会相信那样的事!‎ As if we were all stupid and he alone clever!‎ 哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的。‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 你像是见了鬼似的。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 这个男孩四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. However，after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work，the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band．然而，大约一年以后，他们对自己的工作逐渐认真起来。“门基”组合开始像一支真正的乐队那样演唱他们自己的歌曲了。‎ ‎ [解释] in which在这儿引导定语从句修饰a year or so，故可换成关系副词when，“介词+关系代词which”大多可转换成关系副词引导定语从句。如：‎ ‎ I shall never forget the day on which(=when)we moved into our new house．‎ ‎ 我将永远不会忘记我们搬进新居的那一天。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[练习] 中译英 ‎1). 那起交通事故就是在这里发生的吗?‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我们不知道她为什么没来参加聚会。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________‎ 课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ Have you ever dreamed of being famous as a famous 1 (音乐家)? Many singers, at first, may form a band to practise their music. And then they may get the chance to give 2 (perform) in pubs or clubs. Later they may gradually become popular. 3 , the Monkees started in a different way. Only one of them was good enough and the other three members pretended to sing. 4 be honest, it couldn’t 5 (call) a real band at the beginning. Anyhow, their shows were 6 (幽默的) and they became popular. After a year 7 so, they worked harder and produced their own records and started touring. The Monkees broke 8 about 1970 but they reunited in 9 mid-1980s and produced a new record in 1996 10 (celebrate) their former happy time. ‎ ‎2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案 门基乐队是从一场电视秀开始他们的表演之路的。他们起初的时候边表演音乐边开玩笑。他们后来很努力并且成为了很受欢迎的乐队但他们于1970年解散。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ ‎1【原句】Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? 你是否梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演唱，观众欣赏你的歌唱为你鼓掌吗？‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: 定语从句：介词+which ‎【模仿1】我梦想着有一天到西湖看看，杭州就是以西湖闻名于世的。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】张艺谋导演了很多部优秀的电影，凭着这些电影他在国内外获得了很多奖项。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.【原句】They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame. 他们开始可能是一组中学生，在某个人家里排练音乐是成名的第一步。‎ ‎[模仿要点] 句子结构: 定语从句：介词+whom ‎【模仿1】真正的朋友就是一个我们可以完全信赖的人，一个可以跟我们共患难的人。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【模仿2】他不仅是一名志愿者而且还捐钱给地震灾区，从他身上我们学到很多东西。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 单元自测 ‎ ‎1完形填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：221‎ 完成时间：14分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ People wear hats for three main reasons: protection, communication, and decoration.‎ ‎ Protection. People first began to wear hats to 21 themselves from the climate. In hot, sunny climates, wide-edged hats provide 22 from the sun. In cold climates, people often wear wool hats. In some regions, people wear a variety of protective hats, 23 the season. They may wear a wool hat in winter, a rain hat in spring or fall and a wide-edged hat in summer. Hats also provide protection in certain 24 . Construction workers, football players, military personnel, and people in many other fields wear metal or plastic helmets(头盔) for protection ‎ from 25 ‎ ‎ Communication. Hats can communicate various things about the people who wear them. The hats of coal miners, cowboys and firemen indicate the wearer's 26 Students may wear a mortarboard(学位帽) to show they are graduating from high school in college.‎ ‎ Decoration. Most people wear a hat that they believe makes them look attractive, 27 the hat's main purpose may be protection or communication. Many protective hats are attractive and stylish. Even the caps of police officers and military personnel are designed to 28 the wearer's appearance. Certain decorative hats are worn as a(n) ‎29 In Scotland, for example, people wear a cap called a tam-o'-shanter that is part of their national costume(服装). Many people change their style of hat from time to time because they feel more 30 when keeping up with the latest fashion.‎ ‎ 21. A. defend B. protect C. prevent D. hide ‎ 22. A. shade B. shadow C. security D. cover ‎ 23. A. resulting from B. basing upon C. relating to D. depending on ‎ 24. A. seasons B. climates C. activities D. communities ‎ 25. A. injury B. destruction C. harm D. pollution ‎ 26. A. experience B. occupation C. personality D. education ‎ 27. A. as B. unless C. though D. because ‎ 28. A. change B. increase C. display D. improve ‎ 29. A. tradition B. label C. honour D. fashion ‎ 30. A. sociable B. informal C. attractive D. noble ‎2语法填空 ‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：176‎ 完成时间：9分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ The mystery of 31 is generally considered to be the greatest of the missing treasures of Europe -- the Amber Room－is still unsolved. The Amber Room was made from 1,701 pieces of amber in order to 32 (install) at the home of Friedrich I, the first King of Prussia, 33 the request of his second wife Sophie. 34 covered more than 55 square meters and contained over six tons of amber. It took over ten years 35 (construct) it. Friedrich Wilhelm I, the first king’s son presented it to Peter the Great, in order to form a Prussian-Russian union 36 Sweden. However, it disappeared in World War II. In 1979, 37 reconstruction effort began at Tsarskoye Selo based 38 (large) on black and white photographs of the original Amber Room. The project's financial difficulties were solved 39 3.5 million American dollars donated by a German company. 40 many years' work, the great work was finally completed. The new room was dedicated by former Russian President, Vladimir Putin, and the previous German Chancellor, Gerhard Schroder, at the 300-year anniversary of the city of Saint Petersburg.‎ ‎3阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 词数：319‎ 完成时间：7分钟 难度：***‎ As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes（笔画）of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more. ‎ Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more wide-spread among university students. Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer. ‎ All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer. ‎ It's faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that's why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear. ‎ ‎"When I'm writing with a pen, I find I often can't remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it."‎ ‎"I'm not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper."‎ Many students don't feel this is something to worry about. Now that it's more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite? ‎ Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei , the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said "Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(审美的) value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer's emotion. Through one's handwriting, people can get to know one's thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them" ‎ To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory(必修的)and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.‎ ‎1.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?‎ A. The Importance of Handwriting and Typing.‎ B. To Type or To Hand Write C. Writing By Computer Will Replace Writing By Hand D. Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters.‎ ‎2.The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because______.‎ A. they are usually asked to e-mail their Homework and Essays ‎ B. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently ‎ C. they find it not easy to remember how to write a character ‎ D. computers have become a trend and fashion in China.‎ ‎3. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of the advantages of handwriting?‎ A. Handwriting contains the writer's emotion . ‎ B.The writer’s thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting, ‎ C.Handwriting can impress people well and build one’s self-confidence D.Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. ‎ ‎4. The underlind expression “taking stock in”(Paragraph 4) probably means_____.‎ A. getting bored with B. getting dependent on ‎ C. becoming crazy about D. getting curious about ‎5.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that_______.‎ A. more and more students will give up writing on a computer B. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day C. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting ‎ D. the typing article better expresses one’s emotion and quality ‎4基础写作 ‎ ‎ 假如你是John．在三鹿毒奶粉事件后在学校3000名学生中进行”每天你还喝牛奶吗”的调查活动。调查结果如下：‎ 每天你还喝牛奶吗 比例 ‎ 理由 ‎ 喝 ‎55％‎ 绝大部分牛奶质量可靠；牛奶可增强体质 ‎ 不喝 ‎32％‎ 对牛奶．尤其是国产牛奶失去信心；害怕得病 ‎ 不确定 ‎13％‎ 等待质量检测结果再定 ‎ [写作要求]‎ ‎ 只能使用；5个句子表达全部的内容；‎ ‎ [评分标准]‎ ‎ 句子结构准确．信息内容完整．篇章结构连贯：‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ After the publicity of the Sanlu contaminated milk powder issue, a survey was carried out among the 3, 000 students on "whether you still drink milk" in our school. The results are as follows. 55 percent of the students who participated in the survey give a positive answer, for they believe that the majority of milk products are reliable and can help people strengthen their body. Meanwhile, about one third of them express their doubts and refuse to drink any more milk in the future because of their loss of confidence in domestic milk and the fear of catching disease. The 13 percent left say that they won't make a decision before the results of the quality test are out.‎