上海中考首字母填空测试题

上海中考首字母填空测试题

Article 1‎ ‎       Vincent Van Gogh was one of the most famous Dutch artists of the 19th century. O__1__the course of his 37 years, Van Gogh painted some of the most renowned paintings of our time. At the age of sixteen, he began a career not as a painter but as an art salesman for the firm Goupil & Cie. Van Gogh spent seven years with the firm, but became unhappy. In the following years, Van Gogh went from job to job, living in v__2__ cities in Europe.‎ ‎       Van Gogh was not c__3__of his own abilities, but through the encouragement and support of his beloved brother, Theo, he went to Brussels to begin studies in art. During the next ten years, he painted 872 paintings. Although Van Gogh is a world-famous artist today, he was l__4__known to the art world while he was alive. He sold only one painting during his lifetime but his fame grew rapidly in the years after his death.‎ ‎       Later Van Gogh also s__5__from severe depression and was admitted to an asylum! While in the asylum, Van Gogh painted one of his best-known paintings—Starry Night. On July 27, 1890 Vincent Van Gogh shot himself in the chest in a wheat field. Two days later he died with his younger brother, Theo, by his s__6__.‎ ‎       Van Gogh produced more than 2.000 art works, consisting of around 900 paintings and 1,100 drawings and sketches. His work was a strong influence on the modern art, and today many of his pieces, including his numerous s__7__portraits , landscapes and oil paintings, are among the world's most recognizable and expensive works of art.‎ Article 2【2011年嘉定区一模】‎ Body language is one of the best ways to find out what is really going on inside someone's head. A small movement of the mouth or nose, or a wink of the eye —these actions can say so much more about a person's, feelings than a__1__they say to you. But you need to be very experienced to u__2__what you see completely. Here are some basic movements made by Westerners — and explanationsof what they mean— to get you started. Pat or rub your stomach. If someone rubs their stomach, they are not feeling sick. They are just h__3__. Shrug your shoulders. This means "I don't know" or "I am not bothered". If your friend shrugs their shoulders when invited to a party,it shows they are not very i__4__in going along to it. Keep your fingers crossed. It is a gesture that wishes for good l__5__. Before people take exams,they often cross their fingers in the hope of good grades. Football fans do thesame thing when their favorite team gets a penalty — they wish the player willscore a goal. Rub your chin. If someone rubs their chin, it often means theydon't believe what someone is s__6__! So if your friend makes this gesture, itsecretly tells you what they feel. Scratch your head. If your foreign English teacher scratches his head when you ask a question, then he is confused and might n__7__have understood what you said. Either that, or he can’t remember your name!‎ ‎     Article 3 【2011年闸北区一模】         Owning a dog is not as easy as some people think.It needs a lot of r__1__. You have to take your dog for walks regularly, feed it and bathe it. You have to c__2__for it every day. I think it is also important to take it to see the vet regularly. B__3__you get a dog, I feel it is important to think about why you want to. Do you want a dog for love and friendship? Maybe you want a dog to p__4__yourself or your home? You can also ask yourself these questions: Do I have enough time to take care of a dog? Do I have enough money to pay for food and visits to the vet? I__5__my home big enough for a dog? These questions should help you decide w__6__you really should have a dog as a pet. If you are sure you can give a dog a good life,then go ahead and look for a dog that would suit you. Good luck with your dog.Remember: a pet is f __7__life. ‎ ‎     Article 4【2013年松江区二模】         Have you ever noticed the black and white bars on a book? Do you know what they are used for? They are barcodes used in most products. If you go to a supermarket, you can see almost every product with a barcode o__1__it. Barcodes contain information about the product, such as nameand production date. It’s an e__2__and convenient way to know about the products. Just scan the bars with a barcode reader and everything is c__3__.The first use of a barcode in a supermarket checkout system was on a pack of American Wrigley Company chewing gum in 1974. Beyond supermarkets, barcodes are n__4__everywhere: for renting cars, for luggage checks on a plane, for parcelsyou send; life would be rather difficult w__5__barcodes. Most of our things would get lost in the post. Barcodes change as well. Barcodes in the past were1-D, but now there are 2-D barcodes, such as QR code. Since 2009, QR has beenused on Chinese train tickets. People can enter stadiums, cinemas and theaters by h__6__certain types of barcodes. If you find these barcode things boring, a barcode building might be more up your street. In St Petersburg, Russia, there is a building designed like a barcode. It l__7__strange, but it’s actually a shopping mall. There are games too. Barcode Monsters is a mobile phone game.You have to scan barcodes and find the monsters! ‎ ‎   Article 5【2011年静安区一模】‎ In the United States, when you become rich, you want people to know about it. And even if you aren't very rich, you want people to think that you are. that is w___1___" keeping up with the Joneses" is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbours.‎ The expression was f___2___ used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very rich neighbourhood o___3___ New York City. ‎ When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day.When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors.‎ It was like a race, but one could neverf___4___this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could not pay for their new way of life any l___5___ .They moved back to New York City, living in an old flat.‎ Momand looked around him and noticed that many people did things just to keep up with the rich life style of their neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories about this. He called it "Keeping up with the Joneses" because "Jones" is a very c___6___ name in the United States." Keeping up with the Joneses" came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand's series a___7___ in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years. ‎ Article 6 【2012年浦东新区一模】‎ Each Indian tribe (部落) had a different language. Many Indians never learned any language e___1___ their own. Do you know how Indians from different tribes talked to each? They had two ways to talk without sound. One way was by sign language; the other was by signals.       Sign language is a way talking by signs. Indians used it when they met strangers. In this way, they could find out w___2___ the stranger was a friend or an enemy.‎ Indians usually used signals when they wanted to send messages to someone far away. To make signals, an Indian might use a pony (小马). He might use a blanket. Or he might use smoke, a mirror or fire arrows (箭) .‎ To signal that he had seen many animals, an Indian r___3___ his pony in a large circle. Sometimes the Indian gave a signal likethis and then went away to hide. This meant that there was danger.‎ The blanket signal was visible from far away. AnIndian held two c___4___ of a blanket in his hands. Then he began to swing the blanket from side to side in front of him. An Indian could send many different signals with his blanket.‎ He could also send many signals with a mirror to w___5___ someone or to get the attention of a person far away. But he also used it to send messages in code. Of course, mirrors could be used o___6___ when the Sun was shining. At night, Indians used fire arrows for signaling.‎ An Indian also sent signals with smoke. He made a small fire of dry wood. Then he put grass or green branches on it. He held a blanket over the fire for a minute. When he r___7___ the blanket from the fire,there was a cloud of smoke. The number of clouds of smoke told his message in code.‎ Now you can see that Indians didn't need to learn each other's language. They could talk to one another by using signals or sign language. ‎ Article 7【2013年嘉定区一模】   ‎ ‎     Peggy Cardona parked her blue Nissan at a supermarket one day in February. “I’ll come and open the door for you,” she told her four-year-old grandson, Ryan Eshleman, in the back s___1___.‎ The car moved ahead before Cardona could even close the door. “Nana, the car is moving!” Ryan cried. Cardona jumped into the driver’s seat and reached for the handbrake (手闸), her left leg stepping outside, trying to s___2___ the car. She couldn’t find the brake, and she got out of the car as it moved down the steep slope towards a pond 20 feet away. Ryan was very f___3___ and cried “Nana!” as the car fell into the pond and the water began pouring in.‎ ‎“Help!” Cardona cried as the car moved from the bank. “My grandson is i___4___!”‎ A supermarket clerk, Clint Fountain, 24, had just stepped outside for a break when he saw a crowd gathering by the pond. He jumped down the slope and dived into the cold water.‎ Reaching the car, Fountain saw Ryan’s terrified face just inches above the water. “Unlock the door!” Fountain shouted. The boy’s fingers fumbled (未触到) with the lock.‎ Fountain hit on the back window, but the glass wouldn’t break. A___5___ man Dick McClung dived in and handed him a hammer. Grabbing it, Fountain told the boy to move aside, and broke the glass. His hands went through the broken window in the black water and pulled the boy out. At that moment the last flash of the blue car d___6___ under the water.‎ ‎“Climb onto my back,” Fountain said. Ryan did so, but the tired man couldn’t swim back. McClung, still beside them in the water, picked up Ryan and swam to the bank s___7___. Later, doctors found Ryan had got only a little hypothermia (体温过低).‎ ‎“They risked their lives to save Ryan,” Cardona said of the men. “I thank God every day for them.”‎ Article 8【2012年青浦区一模】‎ ‎      Carla was riding the bus with her elder brother, Brian. It was pretty hot outside, so they decided to get o__1__the bus and buy some cold drinks. They got their refreshments(活力恢复) and took a walk down the street.‎ ‎      As they waited at the crosswalk, they saw a wonderful new car come up. As they admired the car, the passenger door opened a bit and an empty juice b__2__ rolled out.Then the light turned green and the car sped off.‎ ‎      Carla and Brain could hardly believe it. Who would put trash(垃圾) in the middle ofthe street? Brian n__3__ all the other trash in the street and on sidewalks. He explained to Carla how much he hated litter and how lazy it was to be a "Jitterbug" (垃圾虫). They decided that they had to get their neighbourhood cleaned up.‎ ‎      When they got home, Carla and Brian wrote a letter.       They suggested that the city put p__4__trash cans in every corner. They described how they felt about people littering in their town. They wrote that they wanted to see the streets and sidewalks cleaned up. They e__5__ asked everyone in the neighbourhood to sign the letter. Then Brian sent it to the mayor.‎ ‎      A few weeks later, Brian told Carla he wanted to s__6__ her something. He took his sister for awalk up the street. What do you think they saw? There were new trash cans on every corner and hardly any litter on the sidewalks!‎ ‎      The mayor had listened to them. Carla and Brianwere happy and p__7__ . They decided they would always help keep their town clean.‎ Article 9【2012年黄浦区一模】‎ ‎      I came into a village and I saw a policeman standing outside the post office and reading something carefully. He looked up at the car, w___1__ into the road, and held up a hand to stop me.‎ ‎      I a__2___ stopped, but then I realized that the policeman had been reading about me. I supposed the police at the hotel had worked quickly, and called all the local villages. I drove faster, the policeman jumped out of my way, and I was soon out of the village.‎ ‎      I left the main road as soon as possible and tried a smaller one. It was not easy without a map, and I realized thatI had been so s___3___ to steal the car. It would help the police to find me in any corner of Scotland. If I left it, and went off on foot, they would find mein an hour or two.‎ ‎      I was very hungry; I had eaten n__4__ since morning. And now, as I drove, I heard a noise in the sky, and there was a plane. I drove as fast as I could down into another town. Suddenly, a car appeared in front of me from a s__5___ road. There was no time to stop. I did the only thing possible and drove off the road into a fence, hoping to hit ‎ something soft beyond. But I was out of good l___6__. The car went through the fence like a knife through butter, and immediately began to fall. I jumped out and was caught by the branch of a tree, while the car disappeared into a river fifteen meters below.‎ ‎      A hand helped me out of the tree, and a frightened voice asked me if I was badly hurt. The speaker was a young man who was very sorry. I was more p__7___ than angry; it was a good way for the car to disappear. ‎ Article 10【2013年虹口区一模】‎ ‎      Nike, Adidas, Converse…, do you know these world-famous brands? What do you think of them? Do you use theirproducts?‎ ‎      Sam: I’m a Nike fan. Many of Nike’s a__1__ onTV are fun and its products are great!‎ ‎      Joe: In my eyes, top brand means top quality.So I love top brand products a__2__ they’re very expensive.‎ ‎      Sally: The logos of famous brands are usually unique and nice. It’s c__3__ to own products with those logos.‎ ‎      Jackie: Many top brand products are advertised by spokesmen. Spokesmen are my favourite stars. I love the stars, so of course I want to use the products they speak f__4__.‎ ‎      Susan: I know it’s popular for young people to have famous brand products nowadays. But I have no i__5__ in following the fashion. I only choose the products that suit me.‎ ‎      Adam: As students, we don’t earn money ourselves. It’s not easy for our parents to support us. So I use whatever they choose for me now. When I grow up and become financially i__6__, I may buy the famous brand products I am fond of.‎ ‎      Bob: I like playing basketball with my classmates. When we play on the playground, we don’t care about what you wear as long as you can play w__7__. So in my opinion, there is no need to care so much about the brands of what you wear. ‎ Article 11【2012年奉贤区二模】        Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when your friend b__1__ your favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get really angry.        Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe much f__2__, your face turns red and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes, you hide your anger. For example, you may hide it in your h__3__. The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.        In fact, it's not good to hide your anger, and it's normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting o__4__or yourself. Let me give you some advice.        When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. It's helpful to talk about your anger with other people, such as p__5__, teachers, good friends etc. When you talk about anger, those b__6__feelings can start to go away. On the other hand, ‎ when you start to feel angry, you can do some other things: count from 1 to 100; go for a bike ride; think about good things, etc. Don't let your anger c__7__you. Remember that how you act when you are anger can make everything better or worse. Article 12【2012年虹口区二模】        In the middle of the 1800s, France was considered the most important place in the world for art. One reason for that was the Academy, a government organization with some strict r__1__about art. It decided what could and could not be art. In order to be accepted by the Academy, an artist had to be very talented. Artists also had to paint exactly the way the Academy wanted them to. A brave group of painters challenged these ideas and changed art f__2__.        Each year, the Academy had an exhibition of the art they had decided was the best. In 1864, a group of artists became a__3__because they didn‟t get into the show. They felt that their paintings were not bad; the paintings were just different. After complaining to the government, these artists were given their own show.        The Academy thought all art should look realistic. But these artists were more interested in trying to show movement and the bright colors of daylight. In their opinion, it was more real to show these than it was to paint a scene which was as s__4__as a photo. It was also more interesting to show all of the different colors when light hits an object like water.        By 1874, many different artists were painting in this new style, including Claude Monet. One of his paintings had the title, Impression: sunrise. A critic h__5__these new artists. He used Monet‟s title to make fun of these painters by calling them “Impressionists”, meaning that they didn‟t make real paintings. The critics who liked these artists thought the word was just right. They began to use it happily. They thought it was more important to paint h__6__they saw things instead of just what they saw. Other artists around the world felt that they could have this freedom as well. Because of the impressionists, the art w__7__was never the same. Article 13【2012年徐汇区二模】        Today, the largest remaining area of hutongs in Beijing is north of Forbidden City. This is where many Chinese and foreign tourists come for a “hutong tour”. We asked several of these tourists to tell us about their o__1__. (Vicky Wang, Hong Kong) “It‟s really s__2__---we‟re in the middle of one of the biggest cities in the world, but in these hutongs it feels as if we are in a village in the countryside. There are lots of trees everywhere, and all the buildings are only one or two storeys high. In a__3__, there aren‟t many cars in the hutongs, so they are quite quiet--- very different from the streets in the centre of Hong Kong! It‟s nice to walk around here and stop or have a drink in one of the little coffee shops or bars by the lakes.” (Ted, Canada) “When you visit the modern part of Beijing--- with the wide roads, tall buildings and colorful lights--- you can i__4__that you are almost anywhere in the world. It’s the old hutongs, temples and palaces that are really interesting and beautiful. It‟s a ‎ s__5__that so little of the old city has been kept. I‟ve taken lots of photos while I‟ve been here. The next time I come back here, I don‟t know how much of „old Beijing‟ will be left.” (Yu,Guangzhou)“I don‟t see what‟s so interesting about these hutongs. The streets are too narrow--- I could h__6__drive my car down them. And most of the houses are old and dirty. China should have a better c__7__city that we can all be proud of. Let‟s get rid of these hutongs and change them into modern offices and flats.‎ ‎ Article 14【2012年奉贤区一模】        A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest. As more and more people came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is no forest left, though there are still some small areas covered with trees. We call these ―woods‖. Elephants, tigers and many o__1__ animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the animals began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and r__2__ pigs and chickens in the valleys. They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed fire to keep t__3__ warm in winter, to cook their food and to drive away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly d__4__ because there was not enough food for them. So did most of the wolves and tigers.        You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong e__5__ in the zoos, but there are still about 36 different animals living there. One of the most lovely of Hong Kong’s animals is the barking deer. There are beautiful little animals w__6__ a rich brown coat and a white patch under the tail.     They look like deer but they are much smaller. They are less than two feet high. They make a noise rather like a dog barking. In Hong Kong the barking deer has only one r__7__enemy- men. People hunt these little animals though it is illegal. There are now not many barking deer left. So it is important for people to protect these wild animals. Article 15【2011年青浦区一模】        It's often said that the best way to see a country is to use the method of transport which is traditional in that place. So people should see Australia on horseback, Nepal on foot and the US by car. If this is true, then a bicycle is the p__1__ way to visit Sri Lanka. Although the 18-speed mountain bike I used is not an everyday sight, more traditional types can be seen all over the c__2__ .        Sharing the same kind of transport as local people changes the way you see the place. You are traveling at a speed that fits the environment. It is not so slow that you only see a s__3__ area each day, and not so fast that the details of the countryside are missed. Better still, you can stop whenever you want to listen to the birds or the sound of water, you can talk to people, smell their cooking or take a photo. H__4__, this doesn't mean that cycling in Sri Lanka is relaxing. If you want to see the whole country, you have to leave the towns and villages and cycle through forest—where the temperature is 37°C, cross rivers, climb hills and go over paths which are made of mud,‎ ‎ rock or sand.        The most pleasant paths in the forest follow the irrigation canals. T__5__ carry water into the bright green rice fields. During the afternoon, groups of children, farm workers and water buffaloes all come to s__6__ in canals. Then, when you climb up the hills in the centre of the country, you see that the side of every hill is covered with rows of trees in another lovely green. In fact, the whole country is covered in more different and beautiful shades of green t__7__ I've ever thought. Now I'm wondering where to ride my bike next — perhaps along the canals of the Netherlands, or through the city streets of China... Article 16【2010年长宁区一模】        It is one o'clock in Seattle in the afternoon. You are walking d__1__ the street. A lot of people are outside for lunch. You see a woman. She is holding a white and green paper cup. You see another person. He is also holding a cup in his hand. You see another and another. Everybody holds a cup! What are they all drinking? You s__2__ the air in Seattle. It's coffee! People in Seattle love coffee. Some say it's because Seattle has many rainy d__3__ and people need coffee to be happy. There is caffeine in coffee and it helps people be happy. These people like latte better. Others say coffee shops are popular because people in Seattle are very relaxed. They need coffee to stop them from falling a__4__easily. These people like espresso better.        Coffee shops in Seattle are like teahouses in China. In Seattle, people go to coffee shops to talk to friends, read books, play games, work on the computer or relax. Coffee is an important p__5__ of people's life. The world's largest coffee shop chain, Starbucks, first o__6__ in Seattle in 1971. There are many good baristas in Starbucks. But Starbucks is not the o__7__ popular coffee shop chain in the city. There are other large chains. Seattle also has many small neighborhood coffee shops.‎ Article 17【2013年虹口区二模】         When I came out of my office, it was dark. In order to get home as soon as possible, I took a taxi. The car was flying along the road, but later it was in a traffic jam in darkness. I b_____1_____the silence for fear that the driver might be too tired to drive. “When do you go back home in the evenings?”         “Nine o’clock. I’ll go home after this t_____2_____.”         “Then when do you come out in the mornings?” I threw out another question.         “Nine o’clock, too. And I go home for lunch and dinner, just as if I worked at an office.” His words s_____3_____me, because every time I ride in a taxi, what I hear from the driver is only complaints. They complain that they have to work from morning till night, that it is hard to earn money, that they are bullied by the police, or that the leaders enjoy the fruits of their work. It s_____4_____they are not satisfied with everything. But this driver told me, “I find it tiring to be a section chief as I was before. I don’t like management work. I like driving, just out of pleasure. It’s lucky that I ‎ s_____5_____drive without a passenger. So I can earn three or four thousand yuan a month easily. Any trick? Yes, I never follow an e_____6_____taxi. If it goes southward, I go northward. If it goes along the highway, I turn into a narrow street. In this way I always get customers.”         His words showed his satisfaction with his life and the pride he took in his job. Such feelings are so rare among people nowadays just as oxygen in high mountains. How many people nowadays can show high ideals by s_____7_____living and go with a calm mind? I couldn’t help feeling moved when I found such a state of mind in a stranger on a cold winter night. Article 18【2012年黄浦区二模】          Once my mother told me a story. In Africa, when an antelope wakes up every morning, the first thing it thinks about is, “ I must be able to run faster than the fastest lion, or I will be k_____1_____. ” At the same time, a lion wakes from his dream. The first thing the lion thinks about is, “I must be able to catch the s_____2_____ antelope, or I will die of hunger.” So, almost at the same time, the antelope and the lion get up and start running toward the rising sun.         This is life: full of chances and challenge. Whether you are an antelope or a lion, you must go a_____3_____ when the sun rises. For students, it is just the same. If we do not study hard, sooner or later, we will fall b_____4_____ the other students. At first, I did not know what the word “exam” meant. Later I knew an exam was a kind of competition. In competitions, there are always w_____5_____ and losers. As I grew up, I got to know competition well. In one’s life, there must be competitions, so people can improve.         Each time I saw children playing games and heard their laughter, I wished I were that age again. However, I remembered my parents’ words: “You must work very hard in order to have a good f_____6_____.” So I picked up my pen and began to study hard again.         I was still not sure what competition really meant. One day, I was taking part in an English-speaking competition. When I went to the stage, I saw other students looking at me kindly. I s_____7_____ knew what competition was. It is not as cruel as my teacher and parents told me. In fact, competition is the opposite: it is kind and necessary. I learned a lot from realizing this fact. Now I understand more about the world. Competition is important for us all. Article 19【2013年金山区一模】         It is difficult to imagine what the world was like in 1254. Europe was living in an age that we call the Medieval Period (中世纪). It was a time of many wars.           It was in that time that Marco Polo was born in Venice, Italy. Life in Venice was d_____1_____ from life in most of Europe. Venice was a city of beautiful buildings and water canals. Many businessmen did business in Venice. Marco Polo’s father and uncle were businessmen. They had traveled to a far-off country called Cathay. (Cathay is now called China.) There they had friends with the great ruler, Kublai Khan(忽必烈). He ‎ i_____2_____ them to return to Cathay.         When Marco Polo was seventeen years old, he began a journey to China with his father and uncle. They sailed the Indian Ocean and crossed the desert and mountains of Asia on camels. The journey to China took three years. Kublai Khan greeted the Polos and sent them lots of gifts. He was especially impressed with Marco, who could speak four l_____3_____ including Chinese and others.           Khan sent Marco on many trips t_____4_____ China. On these trips, Marco saw many amazing things that he had never seen in Europe, such as coal used as fuel, paper money i_____5_____of coins, and papermaking and printing processes. Marco made many notes about life in China. After almost twenty years in China, the Polos began their journey home to Italy. Kublai Khan gave them many gifts of ivory, silk, jewels, and jade.         When they returned to Venice, they found their city at war. Marco Polo was put in prison. He spent his time w_____6_____a book about his years in China. The book is called Descriptions of the World. It became the most p_____7_____ book in Europe. Because of the book, many people in Europe learned about life in China.‎ Article 20【2012年闵行区二模】‎ ‎        In the movie 2012, the volcano in Yellowstone National Park erupts, smoke flies thousands of meters into the air, and car-sized pieces of stone and ash fly out. ‎ ‎        Now, some scientists say, it‟s very possible that the Yellowstone volcano will soon erupt in r__1__life for the fourth time in history, after about 640,000 years. According to the Daily Mail, the volcano in the Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, US, has been rising at a record rate since 2004. Its magma surface has gone u__2__3 inches (7.6 centimeters) per year over the last three years alone. This rise is one of the main s__3__ that a volcano is about to erupt. However, scientists are not certain when the eruption will happen or what it will cause. ‎ ‎        Unlike what happens in the movie 2012, a volcano eruption would not destroy the whole world, b__4__it could cause huge damage to people living nearby. For example, the 2010 eruption of the Iceland Volcano caused more than 800 people to l__5__their homes and many airports in European countries to shut down for a few days. ‎ ‎        There are more than 1, 500 active volcanoes in the world. A volcano is c__6__ active if it has erupted at least once during the last 10, 000 years. In ancient times, more than 80 percent of the earth‟s surface was volcanic. Volcanic eruptions formed the sea floor and some mountains over many years. Gas from volcanoes formed the earth‟s atmosphere. ‎ ‎        Volcanoes come from very hot liquid rock that is magma, inside the earth. When magma comes upward and breaks through the earth‟s surface, it forms volcanoes. ‎ ‎        The rising magma heats water, which leads to explosions of steam. This pushes rocks and ash high into the sky. T__7__different things erupt from a volcano: hot liquid rock, volcanic ash and gases.‎ Article 21【2012年杨浦区二模】‎ ‎        Today some people call Amsterdam “The City of Bicycles” because it is a city which is flat and convenient for bicycles. ‎ ‎        In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans had an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if only bicycles were a__1__in the city center. They hoped that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free transport. The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in public places around Amsterdam for people to use. Anyone was able to use them for s__2__journeys, whether he was a local or a foreigner. Wherever someone finished a journey, they would l__3__the bicycle there for someone else to use. The problem was that it didn‟t work–thieves took all the bicycles within weeks! ‎ ‎        However, more than forty years later, the “white bicycle” is b__4__in town–this time with a computer chip to r__5__its every move! To take a bicycle, you have to put a special card inside. The new “white bicycle” is not white any more but is an unusual design with bright colors. The bicycles are parked at special parking places and people who want to use them have to take them to a__6__place that has enough room. ‎ ‎        There is already l__7__traffic in central Amsterdam, because both locals and tourists have been using the “white bicycles”. Thanks to the good ideas of lots of people, like the cycling fans in the 1960s, many people around the world have been enjoying city center streets without cars for many years.‎ ‎ Article 22【2013年静安区一模】‎ ‎        Li Ming has studied in the UK for nearly two years now. But he‟ll never forget his first few weeks of living in a different country. ‎ The Food ‎ ‎        In China, I‟ll eat almost anything. But I remember the first food I tasted at school in England. We had this soup and it tasted of n__1__at all. In China, our food is quite salty, ‎ but we like it because the salt m__2__it taste nice. A friend advised me to try some cheese and biscuits. I thought biscuits were the same as “cookies” in America but I was wrong. Again, I felt disappointed at the taste of the biscuits and the cheese was really sour. ‎ Introductions ‎ ‎        In China when you meet someone for the first time, you sometimes shake hands. I was so s__3__when my friend‟s mother gave me a kiss when I left his house. I felt so embarrassed and I know my face went very red at that moment. T__4__ When I want to go anywhere in China, I just take my bicycle. Here in England, I have to get a bus everywhere. It‟s really confusing b__5__buses don‟t stop automatically like they do in Beijing. You have to put your hand out, ring the bell or press the signal button. ‎ Socializing ‎ ‎         I remember when I went around to a friend‟s house and I wanted to say “thank you” to his mother. In China, we often give people cakes as p__6__. The boy‟s mother stared at the cake. She was trying to be polite but I knew from her face that I had taken something wrong. In England, a cake is more o__7__given on someone‟s birthday.‎ ‎ Article 23【2012年黄浦区一模】         I came into a village and I saw a policeman standing outside the post office and reading something carefully. He looked up at the car, w__1__into the road, and held up a hand to stop me.         I a__2__stopped, but then I realized that the policeman had been reading about me. I supposed the police at the hotel had worked quickly, and called all the local villages. I drove faster, the policeman jumped out of my way, and I was soon out of the village.         I left the main road as soon as possible and tried a smaller one. It was not easy without a map, and I realized that I had been so s__3__to steal the car. It would help the police to find me in any corner of Scotland. If I left it, and went off on foot, they would find me in an hour or two.         I was very hungry; I had eaten n__4__since morning. And now, as I drove, I heard a noise in the sky, and there was a plane. I drove as fast as I could down into another town. Suddenly, a car appeared in front of me from a s__5__road. There was no time to stop. I did the only thing possible and drove off the road into a fence, hoping to hit something soft beyond. But I was out of good l__6__. The car went through the fence like a knife through butter, and immediately began to fall. I jumped out and was caught by the branch of a tree, while the car disappeared into a river fifteen meters below.         A hand helped me out of the tree, and a frightened voice asked me if I was badly hurt. The speaker was a young man who was very sorry. I was more p__7__than angry; it was a good way for the car to disappear. Article 24【2013年松江区一模】‎ ‎         Shopping used to mean actually going to shops, but nowadays, you can shop without even leaving your house. Just sit in front of your computer, click your mouse and your t__1__will be sent to your house in a matter of days.         Nov 11 is a big day for people who like shopping online. Many online stores offered a big discount and free deliver s__2__. On that day, the biggest online shopping sites in China, Taobao.com and Tmall.com, sold things worth 19.1 billion yuan in total.         Goods online are often much c__3__. It also saves me a lot of time. And we often have more choices on many online stores than in shopping malls,‖ Wang Xin, an online shopping lover in Beijing, said to China Daily.         A__4__big advantage of online is that it helps people get things from different cities, even different countries, with ease. ―I like eating duck neck very much and I often buy it on Taobao from shops in Wuhan. It’s much more delicious than what our local stores sell,‖ said Zhang Xi, a girl in Yangzhou.         While enjoying online shopping, many people a__5__have worries, especially for middle school student buyers. Young students are easily a__6__by advertisements on the Internet and buy things they don’t need.         Middle school students should pay more attention to their study. Searching for things w__7__their time,‖ said Jing Chunling, and education expert. ―Online shop owners have no idea of the ages of their buyers. It’s dangerous when young students can buy things such as cigarettes and wines so easily. Article 25【2012年普陀区二模】         Wendy Martin is an ordinary university student who used to love surfing the Internet and chatting with friends online. She often spent much of her free time talking with her family and making new friends online. Then something a__1__happened. It completely changed Wendy’s feelings about the Internet.         One of Wendy’s favorite things to do online was to visit the chat rooms on music websites. Everyone there loved chatting about recent concerts and what the famous s__2__were going to do next. It was here that Wendy first met Anne. The two women liked each other immediately. Soon they exchanged e-mail addresses and were communicating online every day.         Wendy e__3__talking to her new friend. They both liked the same music, the same clothes and the same films, but they also had the same worries about studying and the future. Anne had e-mailed her a picture of herself---she even looked s__4__to Wendy. So, when Anne asked Wendy for her address and phone number, Wendy thought her new friend was a person she could trust.         It was only when Wendy got a letter from the bank that she realized something was wrong. Anne was not who she said she was. She was not a university student, she was not young and she was not even a woman. ―Anne‖ was really a 45-year-old man called Tim Histanon. He p__5__to like the same things as Wendy. He had used Wendy’s personal information to spend all the money in her bank account.         This situation is actually quite common, and affects thousands of people every year. Fortunately for Wendy, Tim Histanon was finally caught by the police, so Wendy got ‎ most of her money back. Many people, h__6__, have not been so lucky.         Everyone can learn from the mistakes that Wendy made. N__7__give out personal information while chatting online, and always make sure your user name is different from your real name. Nobody wants to make the same mistakes as Wendy.‎ Article 26【2012静安一模】         Are you eager to be a person who has a good memory? People who enjoy their wonderful memory often do well in their studies and work. These people only have to spend a few m__1___ on a page and will keep what they read in mind. Here are some things you can do to improve your memory. Try these:         Be more observant (善于观察的). Some people who said to have a bad memory don't r__2___ have memory problems. They just don't take time to notice the details. If you pay more attention to the details, you're sure to have a much clearer memory of events. A little exercise that you could do is to p___3___ memorizing lists of things, such as the things you are going to buy in a supermarket, or even the ingredients printed on your biscuit box. Do more activities such as puzzles, word g__4___, and learn a new language. These activities will further improve your brain functions and will help you improve your memory.         Try to have more free time. When you are t___5___, probably you are to have a weaker focus. Find ways to get rid of stress, so your brain will be clearer and ready to have new i___6___.         Get enough sleeping hours. You need at least seven hours of sleep every night. Give your brain cells a chance to r___7__ the damage done by a day's tiring work. Eat lots of fruits, vegetables and grains. Do your best to be healthy, and these foods help you improve your memory. Article 27【2012普陀一模】         Anyone who has a dog as a pet will tell you why the dog is called 'man's best friend'. "They are loyal, funny and loving. They seldom complain and always o ___1___  their owners," said Mary Smith of Washington D.C. Doctors will also tell you that people who have dogs seem to be happier and healthier than those who live a ___2___ . One reason for this is that people with dogs lead more active lives. Who can say no to a lovely dog when he pulls on your arm and asks you to take him for a walk?          Dogs are really amazing animals. They not only offer emotional (情感的) support but also p __3___ great help for humans. Think about guide dogs for blind people, or dogs that help people in wheelchairs.          However, it is the emotional side of owning a dog that has been studied in detail by Dr Julie Davis of Chicago University. "B___4___ every dog lover there is a story," says Dr. Davis. "Why do people love their dogs so much? If you hear their stories, it's not difficult to understand why. "        Dr. Davis has studied the r___ 5___ between dogs and people for the last ten years. "I have spoken to people in parks, pet stores, and veterinary (兽医的) offices, as well as ‎ stopping people in the street. I have interviewed office workers and farmers, policemen and construction workers," says Dr Davis. " E ___6___ wants to talk about their dogs. Many people said they cried much more when their dogs died than when their parents did. They said the sadness was much d___ 7___ . People are finding animals are more reliable than human beings. People tell me all the time that they get more emotional support from their dogs than they do from their husbands or wives." Article 28【2011闵行一模】         “Fire! Fire!” What horrible words to hear when one wakes up in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large, wooden house and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, opened the door and s ___ 1___  out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke.         I began to run, but as I was still only half awake, instead of going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction. The smoke grew t ___ 2___  and I could see flames all around and the floor became hot under my bare feet. I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window. But before I could reach it, one of my feet was caught in something soft and I fell down. The thing I had fell over was l ___ 3___  a bundle（一捆）of clothes, and I picked it up to protect my face from smoke and heat. Just then the floor gave way under me and I crashed to the below with pieces of wood all around me.          I saw a flaming doorway in front, put the bundle of clothes over my face and ran. The fire around my feet burned me t ___ 4___  , but I got through. As I reached the cold air outside, my bundle of clothes gave a thin cry. I nearly dropped it in my s ___ 5___  . Then I saw a crowd gathered in the street. A woman in a night dress and a borrowed man’s coat screamed when she saw me and came running madly. “My baby! My baby!” she cried. The crowd cheered widely as she took the smoke bundle out of my a ___ 6___  . I had some difficulty in recognizing her. She was Mayor’s wife, and I had s ___ 7___  her baby. I was a hero.‎ ‎       ‎ Article 1 1. over，瞻前顾后之“语法”秘籍 2. various，瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”秘籍 3. certain，瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”秘籍 &瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”秘籍 （Demon老师认为confident也可以考虑） 4. little，瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”秘籍 5. suffered，瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”秘籍&回首望月秘籍 6. side，瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”秘籍 ‎ ‎ 7. self，逐段解决秘籍&瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”秘籍有心的BBMM和牛蛙们，肯定发现了，前五弹都各有一到两个主题：‎ ‎        · 瞻前顾后之“语法”；         · 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”；         · 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”；         · 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”；         · 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--复现”；         · 瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”。         这几个技巧是首字母填空答题最核心的“秘籍”，而在过去的几周里，凡是仔细看了我的解析的同学肯定发现了，我在每题解析之前都提到了这些“秘籍” 。那在这里给大家好好说说这些“秘籍”里的玄机。 第一个帖子里提到了，首字母填空基础题4步走——细读首句；逐段解决；瞻前顾后；回首望月。                  而在解题中，发挥最主要作用的就是“瞻前顾后”这一步骤。首字母填空这一题型，考察的是学生建立在理解文意基础上对限定了首字母的单词进行猜测填空的能力。因此，理解文意并从中攫取出有用信息，就非常关键。而我给大家提供的这些“秘籍”就分别指向了在理解过程中需要特别注意的要点。         首字母填空存在于完整的句子之中，而非独立存在，也就意味着所填的单词必须符合语法规则。而很多时候，通过对一些固定的语法结构的关注，我们可以很容易填出相应的空。              ‎ It l__7__strange, but it’s actually a shopping mall. ‎ 句中缺少动词，且动词之后用了 strange 这个形容词去修饰，所以根据语法知识，“系动词后跟形容词”得出此处需要一个系动词。前文说的是被设计成条形码样式的购物商城，所以 strange 是视觉的结果，所以填 looks。         而类似语法结构，学生需要在之前的学习过程中积累大量的固定搭配，这样在看到前后文结构时，就能快速反映出符合文意的固定搭配。                   以上两点与平时的积累密切相关，是必须要下的苦功夫！而之后要提及的几点，更强调学生在做题时候对文意的琢磨和理解，通过不断的尝试去体会到文章字里行间的“逻辑关系”、“情感线索”和“不断复现的关键信息”。或许学生面临过这样的困惑 ‎：听老师在讲解的时候，对着答案有针对性地找依据，头头是道；而每次自己去体会的时候却很容易错过关键信息！这种现象非常多见，其原因在于：对线索不够敏感！           这三种关键信息中，后两者相对比较明显，因此不做赘述。而文章的逻辑关系，却是许多学生正确理解文意的最大障碍。       Demon老师给你支一招：所谓的“逻辑关系”，全可以通过“逻辑词”来进行理解。        常见的逻辑词有：因果逻辑词（如，because，as，so，so...that等）；并列逻辑词（如，and, or, as well等）转折逻辑词（如，but, though, even if等）； 条件逻辑词（如，if，unless等）；举例逻辑词（如，like, such as，for example等）。           要解决这个问题，Demon老师推荐一个阅读的习惯：凡事遇到“逻辑词”、“反复出现的字词”（或同样意思的表述），都圈划出来。           这样通过主动去关注这些关键信息，养成习惯，便可以大大提高对关键信息的敏感程度。      希望这些信息能帮到各位哈！多操练，养成习惯！瓶颈不再是瓶颈~ ‎ Article 2‎ ‎ 【2011年嘉定区一模】‎ 首先通读全文，尤其是首段，可以了解这篇文章讲的是对肢体语言的解读。知道了这个主题，对文中某些词语的猜测是有很大帮助的。‎ ‎1.【答案】anything ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】我们需要把这个长句子简化，these actions can say more than a_____ they say to you，这个空所填词的词性是什么？我们看关键词than，than前后两相比较的内容是对称的，即词性也是一致的，than前面的action，注意不是say，是action即名词，所以than后面的部分也是名词。a_____ they say to you中，say to you 是不完整的，say后面少了宾语，即说话内容，所以如果句子要完整，宾语不可能没有，于是可知a_____就是say的宾语。而这个a_____，作为名词前面没有任何冠词，所以是个复合不定代词，于是可推出是anything，翻译后意思通顺。‎ ‎2.【答案】understand ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】考验的就是对全文主旨的把握及上下文的理解。这篇文章讲的是对肢体语言的解读，句子中“what you see completely”指代的就是上一段中“these actions”，即肢体语言，对于肢体语言，我们要做的事情就是去解读、了解，所以u开头的词很自然是understand。‎ ‎3.【答案】hungry ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空等于是一个生活常识。联系前文，“If someone rubs their stomach, they are not feeling sick.”当人们揉肚子的时候，如果不是生病那就是饿了，hungry不难得出。‎ ‎4.【答案】interested ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”&“情感”‎ ‎【解析】句意理解，如果朋友被邀请参加聚会却耸肩膀，表示他不…参加，我们可以从情感的角度想象到这里要表达朋友不想参加，是消极的情绪，因为有了一个not，所以所填的词是相反的，是积极的；be i____ in应该不难想到一个固定搭配，be interested in。所以答案是interested。‎ ‎5. 【答案】luck ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】联系后文“in the hope of goodgrades”，表示他们交叉手指为了祈祷好成绩，与此处文意相近，衍生出去就是好的运气，所以答案是luck。‎ ‎6. 【答案】saying ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】这道题只能通过这一个句子和理解能力来解决。先理解句意，揉下巴意味着这个人不相信另一个人正在s_____的什么。通过语法，立马判断这个空需要填一个现在分词，是什么动词呢？联想一下实际生活，不相信的无非是做的或是说的，s开头的只有说，所以填say，如果有人填speak，那么记住speak是不及物动词，当它后面跟宾语时，基本上只有语言，比如speak Chinese。‎ ‎7. 【答案】not ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】he is confused and might n___ have understood what you said.这个空考验上下文理解，其实答案就在前半句的confused里，confused解释为困惑的，所以意味着外教没有明白你说的内容，所以这里很明显填not。‎ Article 3‎ ‎【2011年闸北区一模】‎ 通读全文，细读首句，知道这篇文章讲的是养狗。‎ ‎1. 【答案】responsibility ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空要联系第一句话，第一句翻译下来是“养狗不像人们想的那么简单”，第二句翻译“它需要很多的r_____”，这里的它指的是养狗这件事，而不是狗，这里我们可以联想养狗不容易因为需要什么？需要钱？耐心？辛苦？同时联系后文中为狗做的很多事，我们可以推出这个r开头的词是责任responsibility，请注意责任是不可数，所以即使有a lot of，也不用变复数。‎ ‎2. 【答案】care ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】前面一句里罗列了遛狗、喂食和洗澡。所以这一句从写作习惯的角度出发，基本上不会是和前面一样类型的事情了，否则也会在前面罗列在一起，所以有同学填cook不太符合写作习惯和逻辑。这里有一个固定搭配，care for解释为喜欢和照顾，如果不知道这个搭配，也应该从“关心狗狗”的角度出发，想到care，care作为关心时是不及物动词，后面需要介词，care在这里是首选。‎ ‎3. 【答案】before ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”&“逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】后文句子完整，所以这个空只需要一个连接词。并列连词中b开头的只有but，但是此处逻辑不符；考虑从属连词，从属连词可以从不同的状语从句去排除，因为以b开头的从属连词很少，最常见的就是because和before，这里通过句意理解应该填before。‎ ‎4. 【答案】protect ‎【秘籍】逐段解决& 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】联系上问，这一小段落在讨论一个问题：“你为什么需要狗”，而此句之前已罗列的一些理由，此处，你养狗是为了p___你或者你家？这里填动词是毋庸质疑的，通过联想和理解，可以得出这里的意思是保护，所以是protect。‎ ‎5. 【答案】is ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】由句末的问号可以得知，此处考疑问句的结构。可以引导疑问句的无非是“特殊疑问词”或“助动词&情态动词”，其中以i开头的，只有is，结合my home是单数，从主谓一致上页论证了答案为is。‎ ‎6. 【答案】whether ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”& 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】此句通过句子结构分析，发现decide引导了一个“动宾”的结构，即“w__6__you really should have a dog as a pet.”是一个宾语从句。此时答案的范围已经缩小到，宾语从句引导词了，以W开头的，可以有whether 和其他Wh特殊疑问词。联系上文，提到“养狗前要想一想为什么要养和是否有能力养狗”。所以，结合文意，这些问题可以帮助你决定是否真的需要一只宠物狗。这里是一个whether引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎7. 【答案】for ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这里有一个固定搭配，如果不知道，可以通过语法知识尝试推测。Life是名词，名词前面可以是形容词，形容词性物主代词，冠词，动词，介词。另外life这个单词的意思是双面的，如果解释为生命，是可数名词，可是句子中is 后没有a，所以解释为生活。然后用排除法，填形容词意味着“一只宠物是怎样的生活”，不通顺，所以先排除。物主代词没有f开头的，也排除。冠词也排除，动词除非做分词扮演形容词的角色，才能在is后面，但是形容词已排除，剩下介词，f开头的最常见的是for。For life的意思是一辈子的。所以这里应该填for。‎ Article 4‎ ‎【2013年松江区二模】‎ 通读全文，细读首句，知道这篇文章讲的是条形码的应用和变迁。‎ ‎1. 【答案】on ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这个空很简单，barcode是名词，和代词it之间需要连词或介词，这里句子译为几乎看到每一个产品身上都有一个条形码，所以是on。‎ ‎2. 【答案】easy ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空根据前后理解，条形码对于了解产品是一种e___和方便的方法。和“方便”对应的e开头的最常见的单词就是easy，所以答案填easy。‎ 注：有同学填efficient，文意及语法上没有问题，但是与黄金法则一冲突：efficient不是中考考纲词汇。‎ ‎3. 【答案】clear ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空看前文理解，前面说条形码是一种对于了解产品非常简单和方便的方法，只要一刷阅读器,“everything is c____”，everything指的是产品的信息，所以这个空想表达的是产品信息在刷了阅读器后会一目了然，很清楚明白，所以是clear。‎ ‎4. 【答案】needed ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这个空根联系后文，“for renting cars, for luggage checks on a plane, for parcelsyou send”都是在罗列需要条形码的理由，表现出条形码已经在生活中无处不在。结合文意得出此处是need，而此处need之后没有宾语，所以不能填needing，需要用被动语态，填needed。‎ ‎5. 【答案】without ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空需要上下文理解，前文讲到了生活中处处需要条形码，所以这里要表达的是生活如果没有了条形码就会变得很困难，表示没有的介词是without。‎ ‎6. 【答案】holding ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”& 瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里的关键词是介词by，表示方式，“通过h_____特定的条形码，人们才能进入这些场合”，这里需要的是一个动作，那么我们联想实际生活，应该是“手持条形码”，所以是hold，by后面所以holding。‎ ‎7. 【答案】looks ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】It l___ strange. 句中缺少动词，且动词之后用了strange这个形容词去修饰，所以根据语法知识，“系动词后跟形容词”得出此处需要一个系动词。前文说的是被设计成条形码样式的购物商城，所以strange是视觉的结果，所以填looks。‎ Article 5‎ ‎ 【2011年静安区一模】‎ 细读首句，得知这篇文章在讲美国人们希望自己成为富人或者看起来像富人。‎ ‎1.【答案】what ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子中有两个“is”，所以这是一句复合句，句子中暂时找不到连接词，所以空格处就是一个连接词，以w开头。我们把“”里的内容看成一个整体，简称it，简化句子看：that is ｗ＿＿it is about. 这是一个表语从句，在从句中，w___应该是about后面的宾语，需要填一个疑问代词，在what、which、who、whom中，根据句意，选what。‎ ‎2.【答案】first ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”& 瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这个空很多同学可以用语感一下子填出来。这里需要一个副词，因为整句句子结构完整，该空又是在be和uesd之间。由第一段最后一句得知，这篇文章讲这个谚语的由来，所以故事肯定是从一开始讲起的，如果还是想不出来，结合全文可知道这个故事的来龙去脉，即这个谚语在1913年之前是不存在的，是美国人Arthur Momand首创的。所以答案是first。Firstly虽然是副词，但是它意为“第一”，表列举时使用。‎ ‎3.【答案】outside ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这道题填一个介词，联系后文“moved back to New York City”，意为“之后搬回纽约”，那倒推故事，此时他们应该是“搬离纽约”、“搬出纽约”才对，o开头的介词表“离开”、“在……之外”，所以填outside。‎ ‎4.【答案】finish ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话的意思是：这种攀比就像一个比赛，每个人永远都不会f____。这个比赛因为每个人都一直在努力追赶。Never和because决定了空格词的意思和后半句“一直在努力追赶”的意思相反，一直向前的相反就是倒退或者停止。所以不难想到finish。‎ ‎5.【答案】longer ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】Not any longer意为：“不再”。‎ ‎6.【答案】common ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】根据前文理解，主人公开始写很多人攀比的故事，所以这个Jones并不是指代一个人，那就是泛指很多人，泛指很多人用的名字一定是周围人经常听到的，才能引起读者的共鸣，去联想到是很多人的故事，所以这个名字很普遍，答案是common。‎ ‎7.【答案】appeared ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&瞻前顾后之“语法”&回首望月 ‎【解析】句子缺少谓语，此空需填动词。主人公的系列故事a_____在不同的报纸上，中文意思可以推测出“刊登”“发表”“出现”“印刷”，但是句中使用了主动语态，所以只有“出现”的意思符合句子结构，对应单词appear；另，注意文章时态，正确答案appeared。‎ Article 6‎ ‎【2012年浦东新区一模】‎ 细读首句，可知文章讲的是印第安部落语言的内容。‎ ‎1.【答案】except ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”&瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】their own 是个名词词组，所以在这里填不是介词就。然后看介词所表达的前后两者的关系。联系后文，部落之间不用声音来交流，也就意味着不需要语言，倒推此处也就意味着，他们除了自己的语言，其他都不会，所以用except。‎ ‎2.【答案】whether ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”&瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】此处find out后需要填一个宾语从句的引导词，且要与句中的“or”连用。正确答案：whether。‎ ‎3.【答案】rode ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&回首望月 ‎【解析】r___his pony in alarge circle。在一个大圈里怎么他的马，不难想到是骑马，注意时态，rode。‎ ‎4.【答案】corners ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&回首望月 ‎【解析】held two c____of a blanket in his hands，用手抓着毯子的两个c_____，毯子上能用一个两个形容的是角，所以是corners，因为two，千万不要漏了复数。‎ ‎5.【答案】warn ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子的答案无法从上下文得知，因为是孤立的，我们只能从常识和句意理解出发。他也可以用镜子发送信号以w____ 有些人或者吸引远处的人的注意。填动词没有问题，我们再从常识和想象出发，对于我们来说，镜子反光照在陌生人身上是件不礼貌的事情，对于印第安人也是，但是他们为什么还对陌生人这么做？因为他们要警告那些对他们来说存在威胁的陌生人。所以答案是warn。‎ ‎6.【答案】only ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空填副词，因为除掉空格句子完整。对比此处和后文，此处说的是”when the Sun was shining”，后文笔锋一转说”at night”，结合句意和常识，镜子只有在有阳光的时候可以用。填only。‎ ‎7.【答案】removed ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&回首望月 ‎【解析】前面一个句子是held a blanket over the fire for a minutes，后面r____the blanket from the fire ，很显然这是个连贯的过程，先把篮子扣在火上，然后把它拿掉，所以是remove，注意时态要前后一致，所以是removed。‎ Article 7‎ ‎【2013年嘉定区一模】‎ 细读首句，知道了这篇记叙文的人物、地点和时间。‎ ‎1.【答案】seat ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】联系前文，“parked her blue Nissan”，告诉大家首段的场景发生在车内。此处“in the back s___”表示的是孩子的位置。再联系后文“Cardonajumped in the driver’s seat”，给出了最直接的提示。综上，答案是seat。‎ ‎2.【答案】stop ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】try to do sth，首先这里填动词原形。这里联系上下文，尤其后一句中的brake，刹车，可知她想让车停下来，所以填stop。‎ ‎3.【答案】frightened ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里填形容词不难判断，根据上下文，车子开始掉到池塘里，所以主人公的反应自然是很害怕很惊恐的，所以f开头的词是frightened。‎ ‎4.【答案】inside ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】联系前文，“Ryan, in the back seat”说明孩子还在车内。此处Cardona要求救必然是让人们救车内的孩子，所以得出答案，inside。‎ ‎5.【答案】Another ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】前文救Ryan的是Fountain；此处出现了另一个人名，McClung。所以此处填Another。‎ ‎6.【答案】disappear ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个句子需要理解正确，the last flash of the blue car d____ under the water. Flash 指的是这车子的闪光，意味着拉出男孩的那一刻车子开始下沉，沉至水下从而看不到闪光了，所以说闪光消失了，填disappeared。‎ ‎7.【答案】slowly ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】填副词不难判断，这个副词形容swam，通过情景可以想象，救人的过程很辛苦，Fountain都已经游不动了，所以McClung也一定很累了，所以他游泳一定很慢，所以是slowly。‎ Article 8‎ ‎ 【2012年青浦区一模】‎ 这是篇记叙文，所以读首句未必能知道全文的主要内容，所以一句句往下看。‎ ‎1.【答案】off ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】结合前文，前文兄妹俩在车上，所以感到很热后他们决定下车去买饮料；注意搭配，下车是get off the bus，而非get out或get outside。‎ ‎2.【答案】bottle ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】句意理解知道这边需要填一个装果汁的容器，可以想到“bottle”和“box”；此时，关联后文“roll out”意为“滚动出来”，则明确答案为bottle。‎ ‎3.【答案】noticed ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&回首望月 ‎【解析】根据句子成分分析可得知，此处填动词。前文中主人公看到有人从车里扔出垃圾，所以很惊讶，说明他之前从未关注过这种现象，所以他接下来就进一步注意到街上人行道上更多的垃圾，所以这里填notice，注意时态noticed。‎ ‎4.【答案】public ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】垃圾桶对于城市来说，属于公共设施，算是一个常识，但是要学生在这边联想到确实有一定难度，答案是public。（Demon班上的学生考试时候填新概念二册词汇plentiful，语义也通畅，只可惜plentiful是纲外词汇。）‎ ‎5.【答案】even ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这里填副词不难判断。这一段每一句都是一个动作，写了主人公做的一系列事情，包括建议、描述、希望，除此之外，还找邻居在信上集体签名，这件事比起前面的程度更甚更难得，所以这里想表达甚至的意思，是even。‎ ‎6.【答案】show ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里是不定式，填动词原形。有语感的话答案脱口而出，如果想不出来，看后文，哥哥带着妹妹去街上看垃圾桶，所以说哥哥想要给妹妹看一些东西，所以是show。‎ ‎7.【答案】proud ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】市长听取了他们的建议，所以他们又开心又p____，做了这样一件了不起的事情之后自然应感到自豪，所以这里填proud。‎ Article 9‎ ‎【2012年黄浦区一模】‎ 记叙文读首句，大概知道故事发生的地点和人物。由首句可知，发生在村子的警局附近，人物有我和警察。‎ ‎1. 【答案】walked ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】第一空，三个并列句，所以填的词和前面的look，后面的held一样都是动词。至于是什么动词，看警察做这一系列动作的逻辑。别忘了还要看前面一句对警察的介绍，前面他站在警局外读东西。这一句他先是看我的车，然后w___进马路，然后举手让我停车。应该很明显了，举手让我停车的动作一定是在马路上做的，所以他是从旁走到马路中，所以是walk，注意时态，walked。‎ ‎2. 【答案】almost ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】第二空填副词，这里同样联系上下文，请注意后面的“but”，这一句说我突然意识到警察已经知道我了，再往后有一句“I drove faster”。也就是我压根就没停车。回头看我a_____停车了，但突然……这里要填的词是肯定的意思，但是又不是真的停下车了，所以只能是“几乎，差不多”，即almost。‎ ‎3. 【答案】stupid ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第三空主要看后一句，他意识到偷车是s____的，它会帮助警察找到我。所以偷车是件愚蠢的事，所以是stupid。‎ ‎4. 【答案】nothing ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第四空填名词，因为在eat后面。主要看前一句了，我很饿了，我从早上到现在吃n____。这句句子看上去是个肯定句，但是我们从作者情感角度出发，他强调很饿，一定是说吃了很少东西或者没吃东西，所以这里填的词有否定作用，有否定作用的名词，想到nothing。‎ ‎5. 【答案】side/small ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第五空可以联系上下文，这里说我飞快地开车，一辆车从一条s___的路上出现。也就是说这条s___的路不是他自己在开的那条路，所以这条路一定是在他开车的路的旁边，所以我们应该想到是side，也有同学想到small，在这边也是对的。‎ ‎6. 【答案】luck ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”& 固定搭配 ‎【解析】第六空，这里注意but表转折，我们看but的前后分别是什么，前面是他想试一试hit something soft beyond, 后面是车沉入河里了，所以他的设想没有实现。此处be out of考察学生对固定搭配的认知，解释为“没有”，所以他说自己没有好的l____，在没有把握的情况下做事情想成功最需要的是运气，good luck表好运。‎ ‎7. 【答案】pleased ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第七空作者的心情实际上是好的还是坏的？最后一句，他说这是个让车子消失的好方法，所以心情是积极的，more p____ than angry，比起生气来更p____，和angry相对的表示开心的，是pleased。‎ Article 10‎ ‎【2013年虹口区一模】‎ 首先细读首句，事实上，这篇文章是首段，三个问句就把主旨说清楚了，讲的是对于名牌的了解和使用。‎ ‎1. 【答案】advertisement ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】Nike’s是所有格形式，所以后面一定是名词。空格后面是on TV，把耐克和电视联系起来，能想到的东西只有广告，所以是advertisements。请注意复数，因为耐克的广告肯定不止一个。‎ ‎2. 【答案】although ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】首先判断词性，这个句子有两个谓语，所以这个空是个连词，连词主要判断前后两句的逻辑关系就行。前面半句说我喜欢顶尖的名牌产品，后半句说他们很贵，即使贵还是喜欢买，所以是一种让步的逻辑，所以是although。‎ ‎3. 【答案】cool ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】前面一句说名牌产品通常很独特很好看，所以拥有这些产品是c____的，我们从情感角度想，拥有了独特的东西给人感觉就是很炫很酷，所以这里是cool。‎ ‎4. 【答案】for ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这个人说的这一段都是在讲明星代言。I want to use the products they speak f____。我们看这个句子结构，主句是I want to use the products，而they speak f____是个定语从句，修饰products，那么这里明显省略了一个连接词，定语从句中能省略的连接词只有that，而省略的情况只有当that在从句中充当宾语的时候，所以换言之，that修饰的products是从句中谓语的宾语。那谓语是speak还是speak f___？speak基本上除了说语言时及物之外，其他基本都不及物，代言也是，所以这里需要代词，为……代言，所以代词是for。‎ ‎5. 【答案】interest ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】首先看到逻辑转折词“but”，前一句说当今社会年轻人拥有名牌产品很流行，“但是”引出的这一句一定会表达相反的观点。固定搭配have (no)interestin sth.，意为“对某事（没有）兴趣”，所以填interest。‎ ‎6. 【答案】independent ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】首先，Become是系动词，financially是副词，所以要填的是形容词。这个空也要先联系整个这一段的思想。这个人说的前几句话表达了她不会乱花父母的钱，因为她自己没挣钱，父母挣钱也不容易。最后这一句说她长大后且变得financially i____之后，就会买喜欢的名牌。前面提的是没有钱，依赖父母，所以不买，后一句一定是对应前面说的，所以指长大后有钱了，独立了，就买，所以是经济独立，independent就出来了，事实上这是个固定搭配，be financially independent，经济独立。‎ ‎7. 【答案】well ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这道题给出了逻辑词“as long as”意为“只要”，所以顺承这样的逻辑，推导文意：爱打球的男生在操场上不在乎穿着，所以只要你能打得w_____就够了，很明显，球场上只在乎球技，就是打得好。所以是well。‎ Article 11‎ ‎ 【2012年奉贤区二模】‎ 这篇文章比较简单，很多同学甚至可以凭语感做出来。细读首句，这篇文章讲的是生气，是说明文。‎ ‎1. 【答案】borrows ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】第一空，这里是个排比句，三个when，所以空格处的词可以对应其他两个句子的相同成分，所以这里和gives、loses一样是个一般现在时的动词。然后根据句意，朋友b___我最爱的东西而且打破它我会很生气，不难判断是借，即borrows。‎ ‎2. 【答案】faster ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】前面有一个For example，所以后面这些都是在列举生气时身体的表现。所以完全可以合常识来推断。Breathe在这里是动词，所以所填的是副词，副词前面有个much,much是用来修饰比较级的标志词，所以这个副词是比较级，结合常识，呼吸会变快，所以是faster。‎ ‎3. 【答案】heart ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里纯粹是瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，我们会把自己的怒气藏在心里，从而导致头痛和胃病，所以是heart。‎ ‎4. 【答案】others ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”。怒气必须得释放出来，当然不能伤害o___或者你自己。Or意味着前后是同样性质的，yourself是人，所以o___也是人，除了yourself，那么就只有其他人了。所以是others。‎ ‎5. 【答案】parents ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，向他人倾诉愤怒是好事，Such as表示举例，所以后面出现的三个例子是同一性质的，p____，老师，好朋友等等，所以p_____很自然而然的是家长，parents。‎ ‎6. 【答案】bad ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】诉说愤怒时，那些b___的感觉就开始消失，b___的感觉其实就是愤怒或者和愤怒相关的感觉，也就是不好的感觉，所以是bad。‎ ‎7. 【答案】control ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”‎ ‎【解析】这句话是文章的总结，所以需要对文章的主旨有概念。这篇文章先是讲了生气的原因，表现，后来就主要讲怎么处理生气，而这才是重点。所以最后一段的这第一句就是点明这个主题的，主题是你要学会处理生气，也就是你能控制自己脾气，反过来你不会被怒气控制，，所以是control。‎ Article 12‎ ‎【2012年虹口区二模】‎ 这篇文章有难度。‎ 读首句，大概知道讲的是法国的艺术。‎ ‎1.【答案】rules ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子开头是One reason，所以这句是在解释第一句，法国为什么能被认为是世界上最重要的艺术之国，因为Academy，这个词不认识不要紧，因为逗号后面就是在解释什么是Academy，这是一个政府组织with some strict r____ about art.政府组织有严格的r___，不难想到是规章制度，所以是rules，注意别漏了s。‎ ‎2. 【答案】form ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空有点难。这句句子在段末，所以我们要先搞清楚前面都在讲什么。前面都在讲画家们要遵守很多规定，最后一句有一个标志性的形容词brave和一个标志性的动词challenge，如果不知道challenge什么意思，通过brave也能判断这句话的感情基调，前面是组织里僵化了的规定，后面来了一群勇敢的画家，因为强调勇敢，所以肯定是要做非同凡响的事情，就是挑战权威，and changed art f____，他们挑战了之后还改变了艺术的f____。这个f____从哪里找？challenged these ideas中的ideas其实是对应了前面的内容，所以f___对应的内容也许可以从下文中找。从后文中我们知道被改变的是什么？传统的画画是像拍照一样画出你看到的东西，而改变的是画光与影，也就是你怎么看东西。所以这改变的是画画的方式、形式。所以这里是form。‎ ‎3. 【答案】angry ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”‎ ‎【解析】这里通过瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，关键词because解释的原因是这群艺术家不被邀请参加这个展出，前面说过这个展览展出的是最好的艺术品，而这些作家被排除，他们自己认为自己的作品并不差，所以他们的情绪肯定是生气的，angry。‎ ‎4. 【答案】still ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这个空很难，这个词的这种用法不常见，所以不太容易想到。我们句中的关键词than，有than就要关注前后的对比和同步性。这句话比较的是哪个is more real，Than前是show these，这句中“these”指的是再前一句中“movement and the bright colors of daylight”，than后面是to paint a scene which was as s___ as a photo。前面是“光线的运动和亮色”‎ 后面是“像照片一样s____的图”，前者强调的是动，那么后面相反一定是静，不动的，所以是still。有同学填same，没有as same as的用法。‎ ‎5. 【答案】hated ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这句话要联系后面两句，首先critic是评论家，如果不了解什么意思不要紧，只要知道他是一个人就行。后面一句中有个关键词组“make fun of”，这个人取笑他们的作品，还给他们的作品取了个名字叫“印象派”。所以他h_____这些新的艺术家。如果还想不出来再看下一句，The critics who liked these artists thought the word was just right.那些喜欢这些艺术家的人认为这个词（即“印象派”）恰恰是对的。所以这些评论家的态度和那个评论家的态度是相反的，like的反义词就是hate。所以答案是hated。‎ ‎6. 【答案】how ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—语法”& “逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这里找到关键词组“instead of”，它和than一样，前后内容是对应的。后面是“what they saw”，前面是“h__ they saw things”，与what 对应的且h开头的只有how。‎ ‎7. 【答案】world ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—语法”‎ ‎【解析】这句话说因为有了印象派，艺术w___从此不一样了。我们知道印象派是以一种艺术流派，如果只有它自己一种艺术方式，就称不上流派，流派一定是在一个领域内才存在的，所以一个流派的出现所改变的正是这个领域，就好像一个朋友圈如果多了一个不同性格的朋友，他会改变整个朋友圈的气氛。艺术的领域就是art world。‎ Article 13‎ ‎【2012年徐汇区二模】‎ 首先细读首句，这篇文章讲的是北京的胡同。而且这篇文章的体裁是个采访报道。‎ ‎1. 【答案】opinions ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】这一句记者说，我们请几个游客告诉了我们他们的o_____。采访肯定是听别人的想法和观点，而且通过后文中的每一段不难看出，人们是在发表看法，所以是opinions，注意是their，所以复数。‎ ‎2．【答案】strange/surprising ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”‎ ‎【解析】关键符号破折号请注意，表示补充说明，破折号后面说我们在一个世界级的大城市的中央却因为这些胡同有了一种在乡下的感觉。这种感受对于这位游客来说是很不同的，后文中还有一句话印证了“very different from the streets in the centre of Hong Kong!”对于一种全新不同的体验她当然会感到惊讶或者奇怪。所以是strange/surprising。‎ ‎3. 【答案】addition ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】这里固定搭配一眼就能看出来，是in addition。‎ ‎4. 【答案】imagine ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这个句子简化了看，When you visit the modern part of Beijing, you can i___ you are almost anywhere in the world。很明显，当你游览北京时几乎在世界的任何地方是不真实的，所以是想象出来的。所以是imagine。‎ ‎5. 【答案】shame ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑&情感”‎ ‎【解析】看到关键词“so little of ”，Little有否定的意思，表示这座古城里被保住的遗产极少，这是一件让人遗憾的事情，加上固定搭配，不难得出shame。‎ ‎6. 【答案】hardly ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】破折号又出现了，前面是胡同太窄了，后面是我h___沿着他们开车。Too常常表示程度太高以至于让人无法做某事，所以这里想表达的是很难，几乎不能开车，所以是hardly。‎ ‎7. 【答案】capital ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个游客对胡同没有好感，他抱怨了胡同的窄，抱怨了房子的旧和脏，然后一下子把范围放到中国，说中国需要一个值得骄傲的更好的c____城市。有些同学可能做到后来只把注意力放在胡同上，忽略了城市北京，就想不到要填首都，所以可以想想为什么突然把范围放到中国，因为这个城市在中国地位不一般，进而回过头来想到北京是首都，填capital。‎ Article 14‎ ‎ 【2012年奉贤区一模】‎ 细读首段，这篇文章讲的是香港森林因为人类入住而发生的变化。‎ ‎1. 【答案】other ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话说“大象、老虎和很多o____动物曾住在茂密的森林里。”森林里住的动物肯定不止大象和老虎，还有其他动物，所以这里不难推出是other。注意的是other在这里作形容词，不需要加s。‎ ‎2. 【答案】raised ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话说“早期的农民在山谷里种植水稻且r____猪和鸡”。根据句意和常识我们就可以知道，这里要表达的是养猪养鸡。所以是raised。‎ ‎3. 【答案】themselves ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里很好理解，他们砍树生火为了在冬天保暖，保暖的对象当然是他们自己，所以是themselves。‎ ‎4. 【答案】disappeared/died（曹燕霞老师提供的答案，也可以哦！）‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这一段的第二句中提到当人们来到香港后，动物们开始die out，这个词组解释为灭绝。回到这个空格，大象开始迅速地d_____，因为没有足够的食物提供给它们。通过这一句中没有足够食物和前一句的die out，可以推断出这里是disappeared 或者died。‎ ‎5. 【答案】except ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】在两个介词词组中间的这个词一定是个连词，那就看逻辑是什么。“你可能认为香港不再有任何动物e_____在动物园里，”前面说不再有动物，后面说动物园，我们知道动物园里肯定是有动物的，所以后面的情况是不属于前面的，是被排除的，所以应该可以想到except。‎ ‎6. 【答案】with ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这道题能用语感做出来。也可以通过语法和推理。首先这句句子到animals为止就是一句完整的there be 句型句子了，所以后面的一串不是状语就是后置定语。明显不是状语，所以是后置定语，我们最常接触的后置定语是介词短语、分词和一些特殊的形容词。那么在这里是分词还是介词？分词有同学想到wearing，因为和coat对应，但是别忘了有个and，wearing和后面的patch不符合，所以是介词。然后，“animals”以及A rich brown coat and a white patch under the tail是什么关系？这一段是在介绍香港有名的一种动物“barking deer”，中间的三句都是在介绍它的样子。所以这个coat不是指人穿的衣服，而是指deer身上的毛，所以这两个短语都是animals身上的东西，是一种伴随的状态。表伴随的介词且w开头的就是with。‎ ‎7. 【答案】real ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”‎ ‎【解析】“在香港，麂子只有一个r____的敌人——人类。”后面讲了很多香港人非法捕猎麂子。r____这个词是形容词没有异议。我们通过常识应该知道，动物在大自然里是有很多敌人的，甚至气候和地理环境有时候也会是他们生存的敌人，不可能“has only one”，所以这里强调的是人类这个敌人的特殊，。人类的行为直接决定了它们的存活率，所以和其他因素比起来，人类才是真正的敌人，所以这里是real。‎ Article 15‎ ‎【2011年青浦区一模】‎ 细读首段，这篇文章讲的是香港森林因为人类入住而发生的变化。‎ ‎1. 【答案】perfect ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—复现”‎ ‎【解析】前文出现”the best way to see a country”与此处”the p______ way to visit Sri Lanka”意思相近，此处需要填一个p开头的能表示最好的词，即perfect。‎ ‎2. 【答案】country ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】前文出现”the best way to see a country”已经出现了country一次，另外前文提到的Australia、Nepal、US都是国家名，所以此处填country。‎ ‎3. 【答案】small ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】本句It is not so slow that …，so …that的句型意为“太……以至于”。因此，此处要填的形容词是骑太慢所导致的结果，骑得慢看得地方自然不大，所以天small。‎ ‎4. 【答案】However ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】前文提到的”listen to the birds or the sound of water”、”smell their cooking”等都是惬意舒适的活动，而后文却说”thisdoesn’t mean that cycling in Sri Lanka is relaxing.”，前后文逻辑出现了转折，因此此处需要填一个表示转折的逻辑词，即However。‎ ‎5. 【答案】They ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】本句缺少主语，并且主语要能把水带到田地里。容易联想到前文提及的“渠道”，可是并非t开头。那是否有考虑过用代词去指代“渠道”呢？此处填代词They。‎ ‎6. 【答案】swim ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】此处需要填动词，而动作的发出者即有人也有水牛，所以stay不合适，答案为swim。‎ ‎7. 【答案】trees ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—复现”& 回首望月 ‎【解析】前文”hill is coveredwith rows of trees in another lovely green”给此处”shades of green t____”提供了充分的线索，要注意tree是可数名词，填trees。‎ Article 16‎ ‎【2010年长宁区一模】‎ 首先细读首句，文章交代的时间地点是西雅图的下午。‎ ‎1. 【答案】down ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】这里是固定搭配，沿着街道走，walk down。‎ ‎2.【答案】smell ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这一句的前面在讲人们手里都有一杯东西，他们在喝什么呢？后面作者知道了，是咖啡。那作者是怎么知道的呢？You s___ the air in Seattle。通过s___空气就可以知道是咖啡，很明显，是通过鼻子闻，所以是smell。‎ ‎3. 【答案】days ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--情感”‎ ‎【解析】句意理解，西雅图的人都爱咖啡，因为西雅图有很多下雨的d____而且人们需要咖啡让自己快乐。其实这里本身有固定搭配，因为rainy后面跟的无非是天气、日子、季节，在这里结合语境，阴雨天让人的心情容易糟糕，所以人们更需要咖啡，所以这里是days。‎ ‎4. 【答案】asleep ‎【秘籍】固定搭配 ‎【解析】如果一下子看出固定搭配最好，看不出来可以通过前面一句推断。前一句说“咖啡店盛行的另一个原因是西雅图的人都很闲散。”后一句说“他们需要咖啡来防止自己很容易fall a_____。”结合常识，人很闲散的时候容易犯困，所以是asleep。‎ ‎5. 【答案】part ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】结合前一句，前一句列举了人们在咖啡吧里做的各种事情，从聊天到工作都泡在那里，所以很显然咖啡吧成了他们生活很重要的一部分。所以是part。‎ ‎6. 【答案】opened ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】1971年，星巴克第一次在西雅图o____。句意理解直接可以推出这里说的是开张，opened。‎ ‎7. 【答案】：only ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】通过前后两个句子就能得出。前一句“星巴克有很多好的baristas（咖啡师）”，这一句“但是星巴克不是城市里o____受欢迎的连锁店。”后一句“还有其他的大型的连锁店。”首先星巴克肯定是受欢迎的，因为有好的咖啡师。“But”这个转折出现了，但是还有其他的连锁店也受欢迎，所以星巴克不是“唯一的”，顺理成章得就得出了only。‎ Article 17‎ ‎ 【2013年虹口区二模】‎ 细读首段，这篇文章是个记叙文，讲的是深夜打的。‎ ‎1. 【答案】broke ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子的前一句有一个traffic jam，指交通堵塞，所以可以想到这个时候车子会停一段时间。后一句说我b___了沉默因为害怕司机因为太累而睡着，然后紧跟着一句主人公说的话，所以这里可以想到，主人公害怕司机在车子停着的时候睡着，所以要通过和他说话来让他保持清醒，所以是打破沉默，注意时态，填broke。‎ ‎2. 【答案】trip ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话是司机在回答主人公“你一般晚上什么时候回家？”的问题，司机说我会在这一趟t___之后回家。坐过出租的人都能理解这里的意思是送完这一个客人，开完这最后一趟，那么出租车每次运送一个客人就等于是一个小型的旅行，我们用trip。‎ ‎3. 【答案】surprised ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句后面有个because，主人公因为过去听多了抱怨，所以当他听到司机说他独特的想法时，感受当然是惊讶，所以是surprised。‎ ‎4. 【答案】seems ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】从they开始是一句完整的句子，而整句开头是it，所以不难想到是一个it做形式主语的句子，所以这里需要一个系动词，而且是可以引导宾语从句的系动词，因为后面的that省略了，结合句意，这里表达一种猜测，一种意见的表达，所以只有seems，由于“人们对一切都不满足”这是客观现实，所以用一般现在时。‎ ‎5. 【答案】seldom ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】首先这里无疑是填副词。关键词lucky，driver without a passenger是一件不幸运的事，所以这里填的副词是一个表示否定的，不幸的事很少或者不发生才叫lucky，s开头的只有seldom。‎ ‎6. 【答案】empty ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里司机在说他自己的载客绝招。他为什么能一直都能有客人呢？因为他和e____的车子对着干，和人家往相反的方向开，才会有客人，那么同样都是出租车，他绕开的是什么出租车才能有生意呢？坐过出租车的人都知道，你打的打了前面一辆，后面那辆就失去了你这个客人，所以只有抢在前面做第一辆空车才能有客人，所以这里是empty，他绕开的正是前面的空车。‎ ‎7. 【答案】serious ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这个空需要对全文的把握。这里主人公无疑是在称赞司机的生活态度，所以s开头的词是一个形容生活态度的，正面的词，我们看到司机是个知足常乐，踏实认真，且充满智慧的人，所以他的生活态度是认真的，填serious。‎ Article 18‎ ‎【2012年黄浦区二模】‎ 细读首段，讲了是一个非洲羚羊的故事，当然往后读发现是篇夹叙夹议的文章。‎ ‎1. 【答案】killed ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空格很简单，通过句意了解就能得出结果，“我必须比最快的狮子跑得快，不然我会被吃掉”。这个意思很容易得出，但是这里是k开头的，所以是被杀，killed。‎ ‎2. 【答案】slowest ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这句话对应上面那句羚羊说的话，这个空格填的是形容词，前面有个the，所以填的是最高级或表示有最高级含义的词。狮子说“我必须能抓住最s___的羚羊才不至于饿死”。狮子想不饿死，至少得抓住最慢的羚羊。所以是slowest。‎ ‎3. 【答案】ahead ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】“不管你是狮子还是羚羊，每天当太阳升起你就必须go a___”。Go后面的介词通常表示go的方向，那么想象一下狮子和羚羊们奔跑的方向通常是向前的，就像现实生活中，人都要向前进一样，所以是ahead。‎ ‎4. 【答案】behind ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】这句很简单，如果我们不努力学习，我们就会fall b___其他人。这里当然是填“落后于”，固定搭配fall behind。‎ ‎5. 【答案】winners ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这个词通过后面的losers就能得出，在比赛中就输家就有赢家，所以填winners。‎ ‎6. 【答案】future ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空每个学生应该都很熟悉，因为家长基本都这么对孩子说过：“你必须努力，为了有一个美好的将来”。所以是future。‎ ‎7. 【答案】suddenly ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这段段首的句子是“我还不是很确定竞赛到底意味着什么。”后面说他有一天参加了一个竞赛，当他看到同学友善地看着他时，他s___明白了什么是竞赛。他明白了什么是竞赛这件事情是个意外，他没有预料到的，所以是突然地，suddenly。‎ Article 19‎ ‎【2013年金山区一模】‎ ‎1. 【答案】different ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】这句话的结构是（Life In Venice）----（was d_____ from）-----（life in most of Europe）。在威尼斯的生活和欧洲大多数的生活，这两者间需要填的是谓语。这句话后，详述的是威尼斯的生活：有漂亮的大楼，有很多水渠。而第一段叙述的是欧洲在那个时期，处在战乱时期。所以此空填的是adj. different ‎2. 【答案】invited ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】该句的主语He 指代的是Kublai Khan忽必烈，忽必烈是Marco Polo的朋友，他们游历到了中国，忽必烈i______ 他们返回中国。由friend 和return 可以得出，答案是invite，注意时态。‎ ‎3. 【答案】languages ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&回首望月 ‎【解析】主语who指代Marco，谓语speak，所以该空填的是宾语，并且是可数名词，因为有Four修饰。又看到空后面有including Chinese，是对该谓语的举例说明。很明显是language，注意用复数形式。‎ ‎4.【答案】through/throughout（曹燕霞老师提供的参考答案，也有道理哦！）‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】先判断句子主谓宾结构完整，该空应该填的是状语，China是地名，判断是个介词，作地点状语。Many trips，再结合后文的很多种经历，可知Marco游历的中国很多地方，表示遍及整个中国，介词throughout。‎ ‎5. 【答案】instead ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】中国元代官方发行的纸币要比欧洲国家早400多年。根据前文所说coal used as fuel，很明显欧洲那时也没有coal，所以macro在中国看到的是和欧洲不一样的，纸币而不是硬币。Instead of 而不是。‎ ‎6. 【答案】writing ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】上下文判断，后文的book和哪个动词搭配，很明显只有write，注意语法，spend后接动词，需要用动名词的形式。所以Writing。‎ ‎7. 【答案】popular ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】先判断句子结构，空后是book，空前是the most，这里想要表示形容词的最高级，并且空处填的是多音节的形容词。联系后文，many people in Europe learned about life in China，很多人因为这本书开始了解中国，所以填popular。‎ Article 20 ‎ ‎【2012年闵行区二模】‎ 细读首段，提到了电影《2012》中黄石公园里火山爆发的场景。‎ ‎1. 【答案】real ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】前一段讲的是电影情节，这一段说的是现实生活中科学家的预言，所以他们所预言的黄石公园火山爆发和电影中的虚拟相对，是现实的，所以是real life。‎ ‎2. 【答案】up ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】从前句或后句中的“has been rising”和“this rise”可以得出，这里要填的是岩浆表面上升了3英寸，所以是go的一个表示上升的词组，表示向上的介词是up。‎ ‎3. 【答案】signs ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这一段一开始讲的是科学家预言黄石公园的火山很快会爆发，后面讲的是火山岩浆表面上升。然后这一句说“这种上升是火山即将爆发的几个主要s___之一。”很显然，科学家作出预言是需要根据需要征兆的，而这种上升正是一种迹象、征兆，所以填sign，以为前面是one of，所以复数signs。‎ ‎4. 【答案】but ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里填连词是不难得出的，因为逗号隔开的两个句子各自都是完整的。所以只要判断逻辑。前面说火山爆发不会摧毁整个世界，后面说它可以对附近的人造成巨大的损失，这明显是一个转折的关系，所以是but。‎ ‎5. 【答案】lose ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句举了2010年冰岛火山爆发的实际例子，它导致800多人l____了他们的家。这里不用多想肯定是失去家园，所以是lose。‎ ‎6. 【答案】considered/called ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】前面一句中有active这个词，然后接下来这句也出现了active，第二句其实是紧跟着第一句来的。第一句说的是世上有超过1500座活火山，接下来就说，一座火山在最近的一万年里爆发至少一次就被c____活的。就是说一万年里爆发一次其实就是个判断活火山的标准，所以空格填的是被认为或者被称作，所以是considered或者called。‎ ‎7. 【答案】Three ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这个空很简单，关键是冒号，冒号后面的内容是对冒号前的详细说明。冒号后是三种东西，所以这个空填three。‎ Article 21‎ ‎【2012年杨浦区二模】‎ 细读首句，讲的是阿姆斯特丹这座城市被称作“自行车之城”的原因。‎ 1. ‎【答案】allowed ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这一段要结合前后内容，我们从后文中看出，人们开始骑自行车是因为这群自行车迷把车子放在了公共场所，也就是说在这之前，公共场所是没有自行车的。回过头来看这个空，他们相信只要在城市中心自行车被a____，对每个人会更好。原先是没有自行车的，只要自行车被允许在市中心流通。所以是allowed。注意被动语态。‎ ‎2．【答案】short ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空填形容词毋庸置疑。任何人可以用自行车来完成一次s___的旅行。自行车完成旅行这种说法不是很常见，一般都是火车或者飞机。这里是为了突出自行车的作用，而自行车与火车、飞机的旅行相比下来最明显的不同点就是旅途的长短，自行车的旅途是很短的，所以是short。‎ ‎3. 【答案】leave ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】当人们到达目的地后，他们可以把车l___在那里给别人用。通过句意理解，可以想到是留在那里，所以是leave。‎ ‎4. 【答案】back ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这里要结合前一段的最后一句，说的是自行车因为小偷而没有很好地延续下去。第三段段首的一个词“however”表转折，肯定就是承接上面说的这个遗憾的情况的。这一段说的是白色自行车在四十年后b____，这次它带上了芯片。很明显，前面说自行车计划失败了，后面说带上芯片了后白色自行车又开始了，所以是回归。所以是back。‎ ‎5. 【答案】record ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】r____填动词，因为跟在to后面作不定式，表目的，动词前面是电脑芯片，电脑芯片的目的是r____车的每一次行程，这样就能解决前面小偷的问题，这里结合常识，就知道这个芯片是为了追踪自行车的，所以记录它的行程，用record。‎ ‎6. 【答案】another ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话有个and，并列句，前半句说的是自行车被停在一个特定的地方，后半句说用它的人要把它带到a_____地方，那里要有充足空间。前面是一个地方，后面是用了之后，那肯定是去了另一个地方，所以是another。‎ ‎7. 【答案】less ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这里填形容词不难推断。重点是because这一句，因为人们都开始用白色自行车，所以市中心的交通变l____。结合后面的“thanks to”，这里肯定是表达自行车带来了好的结果，所以交通一定是变得更简单更少。所以这里填less。‎ Article 22‎ ‎【2013年静安区一模】‎ 首先细读首句，讲的是李明难以忘记他来英国时的生活。‎ ‎1.【答案】nothing ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】首先注意到后面的at all，我们知道一个固定搭配not at all，这里缺了一个not，而前面没有not，所以所填的词必须有否定含义。再次，看句意，他在说这个汤的味道，但是味道怎么样，要从后面一句句子看出来。后一句说中国的菜很咸。所以前面英国的汤相对来说很淡，所以尝起来基本上没有什么味道。这两点结合下来，这个空填nothing。‎ ‎2．【答案】makes ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这句根据句意，盐可以使汤的味道变得更好，这里填一个使役动词，m开头的只有make。注意单数。‎ ‎3. 【答案】surprised ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】我走的时候朋友的妈妈亲了我一下，这是个很突然地举动对我来说，而且是中国没有的，所以我当时的感受一定是很吃惊。所以是surprised。有同学填shy，这里填shy不能突出这件事情的突发性。‎ ‎4. 【答案】Transport ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空只要看这段内容就可以。提到了自行车、公交车，还有如何坐公交，所以很简单，这段讲交通，填transport。‎ ‎5. 【答案】because ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这句话很明显是个复合句。这真的让人很困惑b___公交不会像北京那样自己停下。很明显后半句是在解释“困惑”是什么，所以是原因状语从句。填because。‎ ‎6. 【答案】presents ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这一段讲社交。举了一个送蛋糕的例子，讲中国和英国送蛋糕的意义区别。这句说在中国我们通常送别人蛋糕作为p___，无疑是礼物，presents。‎ ‎7. 【答案】often ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这一空根据前文理解，我送蛋糕作为感谢礼明显送错了，这一句交代了原因，因为在英国蛋糕更o____在生日时赠送。平时不怎么送，所以这里想表达的是更多情况下生日时赠送，表示一个频率，所以是often。‎ Article 23‎ ‎ 【2012年黄浦区一模】‎ 记叙文读首句，大概知道故事发生的地点和人物。由首句可知，发生在村子的警局附近，人物有我和警察。‎ ‎1. 【答案】walked ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】第一空，三个并列句，所以填的词和前面的look，后面的held一样都是动词。至于是什么动词，看警察做这一系列动作的逻辑。别忘了还要看前面一句对警察的介绍，前面他站在警局外读东西。这一句他先是看我的车，然后w___进马路，然后举手让我停车。应该很明显了，举手让我停车的动作一定是在马路上做的，所以他是从旁走到马路中，所以是walk，注意时态，walked。‎ ‎2. 【答案】almost ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】第二空填副词，这里同样联系上下文，请注意后面的“but”，这一句说我突然意识到警察已经知道我了，再往后有一句“I drove faster”。也就是我压根就没停车。回头看我a_____停车了，但突然……这里要填的词是肯定的意思，但是又不是真的停下车了，所以只能是“几乎，差不多”，即almost。‎ ‎3. 【答案】stupid ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第三空主要看后一句，他意识到偷车是s____的，它会帮助警察找到我。所以偷车是件愚蠢的事，所以是stupid。‎ ‎4. 【答案】nothing ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第四空填名词，因为在eat后面。主要看前一句了，我很饿了，我从早上到现在吃n____。这句句子看上去是个肯定句，但是我们从作者情感角度出发，他强调很饿，一定是说吃了很少东西或者没吃东西，所以这里填的词有否定作用，有否定作用的名词，想到nothing。‎ ‎5. 【答案】side/small ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第五空可以联系上下文，这里说我飞快地开车，一辆车从一条s___的路上出现。也就是说这条s___的路不是他自己在开的那条路，所以这条路一定是在他开车的路的旁边，所以我们应该想到是side，也有同学想到small，在这边也是对的。‎ ‎6. 【答案】luck ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”& 固定搭配 ‎【解析】第六空，这里注意but表转折，我们看but的前后分别是什么，前面是他想试一试hit something soft beyond, 后面是车沉入河里了，所以他的设想没有实现。此处be out of考察学生对固定搭配的认知，解释为“没有”，所以他说自己没有好的l____，在没有把握的情况下做事情想成功最需要的是运气，good luck表好运。‎ ‎7. 【答案】pleased ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】第七空作者的心情实际上是好的还是坏的？最后一句，他说这是个让车子消失的好方法，所以心情是积极的，more p____ than angry，比起生气来更p____，和angry相对的表示开心的，是pleased。‎ Article 24‎ ‎【2013年松江区一模】‎ 细读首句，讲的是去年的“双十一”，网购。‎ ‎1. 【答案】things ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 这一句形象地描述了网购的流程，“坐在电脑前，点击鼠标然后你的t____将在几天内寄到你家”。很明显，寄到你家的是你买的东西，所以是things。‎ ‎2． 【答案】service ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ Deliver是递送的意思，free deliver s____，免费的递送s____，不难想到这里是指免邮，免邮是网店提供的一种优惠服务，所以这里是service。‎ ‎3. 【答案】cheaper ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 在be动词后面，所以这个空是形容词，有much在前面，所以是形容词比较级。这里是一位顾客在说网购的好处，比如省时间，比如选择更多，那么作为常识，第一空就是省钱，因为网购通常更便宜，所以是cheaper。‎ ‎4. 【答案】Another ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 上一段讲了网购的三个好处。这一段第一句“big advantage”，讲的是帮助人们买到不同城市甚至不同国家的商品，所以相对于上一段的几个好处，这是另一个好处，所以是another。‎ ‎5. 【答案】also ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 句首有个while，表示同步，“当享受网购的时候，人们a____有一些困扰。”通过瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，这里表示“也”，所以是also。‎ ‎6. 【答案】attracted ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 年轻的学生容易被网上广告a____并且买他们不需要的东西，通过瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，这里是被广告吸引，所以是attracted，注意被动语态。‎ ‎7. 【答案】wastes ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ 网购w___中学生的时间，这里通过瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”，是浪费时间，所以是wastes。‎ ‎ ‎ Article 25‎ ‎【2012年普陀区二模】‎ 首先细读首句，讲的是一个过去很喜欢上网的女孩子。‎ ‎1. 【答案】awful ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 跟在something后面，所以是一个修饰something且后置的形容词。至于是什么形容词，通过后文，得知她被一个网友骗钱了，这件事彻底改变了她的网络观，这件事对她的打击很大，所以是件很可怕很糟糕的事情，所以是awful。‎ ‎2．【答案】singers ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ Wendy最喜欢做的事情就是去音乐网站上聊天，别人也都喜欢在那里聊最新的演唱会和著名的s___最近会做什么。这里很明显是在聊明星，因为前面说了是音乐网站，所以这里的明星是歌手，singers。‎ ‎3. 【答案】enjoyed ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”&“语法”‎ 这里要填谓语，且后面紧跟着的是talking，即这个谓语是一个后跟doing的动词，通过后文，看出她和这个网友志趣相投，所以这里是她很喜欢很享受和她聊天。所以是enjoyed。‎ ‎4. 【答案】similar ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ 紧跟在looked后面，这个空不是副词就是形容词。如果是副词，就是修饰look to，但是句意不通顺，所以是形容词跟在look这个系动词后面。前面说，她们俩喜欢相同的音乐，相同的服饰，相同的电影，相同的担忧。然后Anne发了一张她的照片，她甚至看上去s____Wendy。“even”就是承接前面一连串的“same”的，她们有一大堆东西一样，现在看了照片后发现，甚至长得都差不多。所以是similar。‎ ‎5.【答案】pretended ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ 真相大白了，这个骗子不是真的和Wendy志同道合，他喜欢Wendy喜欢的东西这些行为都是装出来的，所以是pretended。。‎ ‎6.【答案】however ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ 前一句说骗子被逮捕了，Wendy拿回了她的钱。后面一句说很多人没有这么幸运，这两句是相反的情况，所以是转折关系，所以填however。‎ ‎7.【答案】Never ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联--逻辑”‎ 这个句子有个逗号，有个and，所以是个并列句，所以前后句子结构一样，后面一句是祈使句，所以前一句也是。“当网聊时N____给出你的个人信息。”很明显，这里是要告诫人们不要透露个人信息，所以这里是Never。句子开头所以大写。‎ Article 26‎ ‎ 【2012静安一模】‎ 细读首段，这篇文章讲的是拥有好的记忆力。‎ ‎1. 【答案】minutes ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“固定搭配”‎ ‎【解析】“Spend a few m______on”，我们知道和spend搭配的多半是时间和金钱，在这句中的后面有个“keep in mind”，结合文章主题“记忆力”，所以说的是记住东西的时间的多少，所以填minutes。 ‎ ‎2. 【答案】really ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话的主语是用了一个定语从句，从句说的是“被说成是记忆力差的人”，再看后一句，“他们只是不花时间去关注细节”。所以这些人不是真的有记忆问题。所以填really。 ‎ ‎3. 【答案】practise ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】句首一个词“exercise”其实暗示了这个空格填什么，根据句意，你可以做的一个小练习是p____记忆一连串东西。既然是练习，所以记忆一连串东西是需要反复操练的，所以是practise。 ‎ ‎4. 【答案】games ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子里推荐了更多的几种锻炼记忆力的活动。第一个是猜谜，第三种是学一种新的语言，第二种是Word g____，这个我们学生可能不是很熟悉，如果玩过的话可能知道，是一种填词游戏，国外很popular的一种游戏，所以是Word games。 ‎ ‎5. 【答案】tired ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—词义复现”‎ ‎【解析】看这个空的后面半句和后一句。当你t_____，也许你的注意力会不那么集中。找到方法释放压力，那么你的大脑会变得更清醒并且随时会有新的i_____。“释放压力”，也就是说当你压力大的时候大脑就会不太好使，所以前面这个词是压力大的，劳累的，tired。 ‎ ‎6. 【答案】idea/information ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】紧接着上一个空的讲解，当你压力释放了之后，大脑会很清醒，而且会随时有新的i_____。我们知道当大脑轻松的时候是思维最活跃的时候，容易迸发出新的想法、新的信息，不像劳累的时候，大脑像一潭死水。所以这里是随时有新的ideas/information。 ‎ ‎7. 【答案】repair或者reduce ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】关键词是该空后面的damage。根据句意，你需要足够的睡眠时间来使你的脑细胞r___工作带来的损伤。睡眠是好的，所以这个动词肯定是一件好事，然后与损伤联系在一起，只有修复损伤或者减少损伤。所以是repair或者reduce。 ‎ Article 27‎ ‎【2012普陀一模】‎ 首先细读首句，这篇文章讲的是人类的好朋友——狗。‎ ‎1. 【答案】obey ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】狗是忠诚的，有趣的并且有爱的。它们几乎从不抱怨而且一直o____它们的主人。不抱怨、忠诚，所以自然是遵从自己的主人了，所以填obey。 ‎ ‎2．【答案】alone ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】句子中有一个关键词than，表示对比，所以看对比的前半部分是那些有狗陪伴的人，对比后半部分是live a___的人，前者比后者更快乐和健康。所以很明显，前者是有陪伴的，后者相对的就是没有陪伴的，即一个人的，所以是alone。 ‎ ‎3. 【答案】provide ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】这句句子有个关键的结构“not only but also”，这个结构所连接的两部分是并列的，所以not only后面是offer情感支持，but also 后面是p____帮助，offer是给予，后面当然也是同类词，给予帮助，所以p开头的只有provide。 ‎ ‎4. 【答案】Behind ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】这个句子其实是个there be句型，只是把there is 放在了句子后面，所以如果我们放回来就是there is a story b_____every dog lover。很明显“b_____every dog lover”作的是状语，且there be 句型强调某地有某物，所以状语是地点状语。所以这里需要一个表地点方位的介词，根据句意，每个“every dog lover”的背后都有一个故事，所以是behind。 ‎ ‎5. 【答案】relationship ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个空的关键一个是后面的between，一个是后文理解。首先，他研究的是狗和人类之间的r____（注意between，表示两者之间），其次，根据后文，他采访了很多人，他们都说他们对狗的依赖甚至超过了亲人，所以他所研究的是狗和人之间的关系。Relationship。 ‎ ‎6. 【答案】Everyone或everybody ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】前文说他采访了很多人，然后E____wants to talk about their dogs。这里注意wants，用了第三人称单数，所以主语是个表示单数的名词，再看后面their，表示很多人，所以主语又可以表示很多人，加上前后文联系，这个主语指代的就是他采访的那些人，所以不难想到这个词是everybody或者everyone。 ‎ ‎7. 【答案】deeper ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】这个空首先确定是填形容词，因为在was后面，且用来修饰sadness，sadness本身是一种情绪了，所以修饰的话就是修饰它的程度，d开头的无非就是深深的难过，即deep，然后看到much要想到这个词填的是比较级，所以是deeper。 ‎ ‎ ‎ Article 28‎ ‎【2011闵行一模】‎ 首先细读首句，文章讲的是主人公经历的一场火灾。‎ 1. ‎【答案】shouted ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这个句子是一连串动作，形象地写出主人公当时的真实反应。Jumped out of bed，opened the door and s_____out into the passage。所以这个空肯定和前面两个一样，是一个动词过去式。且通过细读首句也会发现“Fire ！Fire ！”这就是惊呼，所以此处shouted out表示惊呼、尖叫，对应前文。 ‎ ‎2． 【答案】thicker ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】第一段最后有一句“It was full of thick smoke”。所以这里不难想到，也是说烟的，肯定是thick，但是原先已经有很浓的烟了，这里用grew要表达的一种变化趋势，所以是变得更浓了，所以用比较级，thicker。 ‎ ‎3. 【答案】like ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这里说他手里的东西l_____一捆衣服，根据后文我们知道这个东西其实是个孩子。所以这里是好像一捆衣服，所以是like。 ‎ ‎4. 【答案】terribly ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”&“语法”‎ ‎【解析】首先这个空填的是一个副词，句子去掉这个空是完整的，所以这里是个副词，修饰burned，火都烧到我的脚底了，这种情况肯定是很严重很糟糕的，所以形容烧得严重或者糟糕，有个t开头的词最适合，terribly。 ‎ ‎5. 【答案】surprise ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—情感”‎ ‎【解析】前一句说我手里的“衣服”突然间发出了哭声，这时候我肯定是吓了一跳，所以我几乎把它掉在地上。所以这个空表达的是我的吃惊，in my surprise。 ‎ ‎6. 【答案】arms ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联”‎ ‎【解析】这句话说这个女人拿走冒烟的包裹out of my a_____，根据前文，这个包裹就是我手里一直拿着的“衣服”，所以是从我的手里，即手臂里拿走，填arms，注意抱着的时候是用两条手臂抱的，所以复数。 ‎ ‎7. 【答案】saved ‎ ‎【秘籍】瞻前顾后之“上下文关联—逻辑”‎ ‎【解析】文章到最后作者及读者才知道，原来这个包裹不是衣服，而是一个婴儿。所以我已经s___了她的宝宝，我是个英雄。我把婴儿带出火场，所以大家误以为我救了这个孩子，所以这里是saved。‎