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中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析36035
中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析 【重点讲解】 形容词用来修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化,可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式,用来表示事物的等级差别。 副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化,其规则形式与形容词的相同。 掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点: 1、有些形容词加-ly可构成副词。但由名词加-ly结尾的是形容词,如 friendly,lovely, likely,lively等。 2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。 1)规则变化: ① 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/ est small——smaller——smallest; clever——cleverer——cleverest ② 辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变成i加-er / est: easy——easier——easiest; heavy——heavier——heaviest ③ 词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写该辅音字母,然后加-er/ est: big——bigger——biggest; hot——hotter——hottest ④ 多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加上more/ most: slowly——more slowly——most slowly; interesting——more interesting——most interesting 2)不规则变化: 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/ many(多) more most little(少) less least far (远) farther/further farthest/furthest 3、表示比较的几种句型: 句型1:“比较级 + than ”,例如: You are taller than I. They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine. 句型2:“as + 原级 + as”,否定句中可用so… as例如: Tom is as tall as his father. He cannot run so/as fast as you. 句型3:“最高级 + in/of…”,例如: The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. Peter is the tallest player of the three. 4、可修饰比较级的词有much, even, far, still, rather, by far, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal等。例如: The sun is much bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大得多。 He did his work far better than I. 他的工作做得比我好得多。 【中考链接】 一,用所给词的正确形式填空。 1, I am a little ____________ ( tall ) than you. 2, It is much _____________ ( safe ) to stay at home than to go out at night. 3, This question is _____________________ ( difficult ) than that one. 4, Fan Bingbing is ____________________ ( famous ) than Yangmi. 5, Jacky Chan is _____________________ ( popular ) than Wang Baoqiang. 6, The yellow bag is the __________________ ( expensive ) of the two bags. 7, My pocket money is much _________ ( much ) than yours. 8, He felt bad yesterday. But now he feels a lot __________ ( good ). 9, Maomin is not so ___________ ( busy ) as Shanghai. 10, I have got money as _____________ ( much) as you. 形容词(adj.)和副词 (adv.) 一,作用和位置 (1)“形容词” 常用来修饰________________ ,放在名词的_________ 或者be / 系动词(例如:become / get / turn / feel 等)的__________ 。 例如:① 漂亮的女孩 beautiful girl (beautiful 是形容词,放在名词 girl 的前面) ② The bag is big. ( big 是形容词,放在be 动词后面) (2)“副词” 修饰 ________________________ , 常放在动词的___________, 被修饰的形容词和副词的______________。 例如:① 大声说 speak loudly (speak 是动词,loudly就是副词。) ② 非常好 very good (good“好的” 是形容词,very是副词, 修饰good,放在它的前面) 二,副词的变化规则 规则的变化:副词(adv.) = 形容词 + ly 例如: carefully = careful + ly slow(adj. 缓慢的) → slowly (adv. 缓慢地,慢慢地) quick (adj. 迅速的,快的)→ quickly(adv. 快,迅速) safe → safely 注意:(1)辅音字母加y 结尾的,要把y 变成 i , 再加 ly 例如:happy(adj. 高兴的) → happily (adv. 高兴地) (2) 有些词既可作形容词也可作副词。如:fast, early, late,hard,high 等。 (3) good 的副词是 well !(切记) 1,把下面形容词变成副词。 heavy ___________ slow _________ fast __________ careful ___________ light __________ careless _____________ busy ___________ sad __________ loud ____________ natural ___________ successful ___________ late ___________ good ___________ lucky ___________ early __________ 二,选词填空。 1,He is a ________ student, and he always does _______ at school. ( good / well ) 2. My father usually finishes his jobs ______________. He is a __________ man. ( successful / successfully) 3. I am so ________ today. I won the match __________. ( lucky / luckily) 4. Shanghai is a ________ city. Everyone works _________. (busy / busily ) 5. She sings really __________. ( good / well ) 6. Don’t drive too __________ ( fast ). It’s dangerous. 7. Tim goes to school _________ every day. But it’s too ________ today. ( early) 8. I am never _________ for school. But today I got to school too _________. ( late ) 9. Listen to teachers __________ in class. You should be __________. ( careful / carefully) 10, Tony is a __________ boy. He lost his bag ___________ this morning. ( careless / carelessly) 三,用括号里所给词的正确行使填空。 1. Lily left _________ ( angry ) yesterday. 2. They are playing basketball ____________. They are so _______ today. ( happy) 3. Please write it down __________ ( quick ). 4. I saw a grandma walk ________ ( slow) in the park yesterday. 5. Sally didn’t pass the exam _________ ( successful), so she is crying ______ ( sad ). 6. I can’t hear you ________ ( clear ). Can you say it ________ ( loud)? 7. My grandma is very nice. She always smiles at us _________ ( nice). 8. My mother _________ ( usual) goes shopping with me. 9. Everything is getting _________ ( good ) . 10. I hurt my knee ___________ ( bad ) yesterday. 11. I am working ________ ( hard ) to get the best score. 12. We are playing _________ ( good ) as a team now. 13. Children can learn languages more ________ (easy) than adults. 一,变化规则:包括规则的变化和不规则的变化 (1)规则的变化 构成方法 原级 比较级 一般都在词前面加 more carefully,carelessly, easily,loudly, clearly 在词尾加 – er early,late,fast,high,hard 原级 比较级 little far (2)不规则的变化 原级 比较级 well Badly many/much 1, Sorry, I can’t hear you. Please speak __________________ ( loudly). 2. Tony listens to teachers _____________________ ( careful ) than Kevin. 3. Dick does his home work ________________ ( careless ) than you. 4. We are training _____________ ( hard) because we want to win. 5. Tom goes to school ____________ ( late) than Tony. 6. I usually get up __________ ( early ) than my sister. 7. Sam did __________ ( well) this year than last year. 8. Li Lei draws _________(badly) than Jim. 9, Today Tom came to school __________ ( early) 10, Please run _________________ ( quickly ). Or we’ll be late. 比较级固定句式 (1)比较级 + and + 比较级 = 越来越······ / 更··· 、 更··· ① 香港正变得更大更繁荣。 Hong Kong is getting bigger and busier. ② 现在Simon 学习越来越认真了。 Now Simon is studying ________ ______ _______ ____________. (2)the + 比较级, the + 比较级 = 越······, 越······· Eg:开车越小心就越安全。 The more carefully you drive, the safer it is. 越喝多可乐就越胖。 The more cola you drink, the fatter you become. ① 练习越多就越容易。_______ _______ you practise, _____ _____ it is. 1. —The teacher looked at her students________ when they were saved. —We also felt________ for them. A. happily, happy B. happy, happily C. happy, happy D. happily, happily 2. —This dish tastes________. —Thank you. It ________ by Mr. Smith. A. good; was cooked B. well; cooks C. bad; is cooked D. terrible; cooked 3.—________ good news it is! The panda are found alive after the earthquake. — It’s so________. A. What a, excited B. What, exciting C. How a, excited D. How, exciting 4. —Traveling by plane is _______ than traveling by train. —Yes, but it is not so _______ as traveling by train. A. quickly; cheaper B. more quick; cheaply C. quick; more cheap D. quicker; cheap 5. —Shall we go to the Hi-tech Fair at 9:00 tomorrow morning? —Why not meet a little________? How about 8:30? A . more B. less C. later D. earlier 6. I think real cards are________ than e-cards. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 7. —How much money did you pay for the drink? —None. It was________. A. easy B. free C. cheap D. expensive 8. —Let’s go to the new restaurant on the 24th Street for dinner tonight? —We can cook it at home. It’s________. A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive 9. Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others________. A. friendly B. lovely C. politely D. luckily 10. Daniel is a careful driver but he drives ________ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 11. The sun _______ rises in the east. A. never B. sometimes C. always D. often 12. —I always listen to the teacher________ in class. —It’s very clever of you to do that. A. free B. freely C. careful D. carefully 13. They could do the work better with _____ money and _____people. A. little, fewer B. fewer, less C. less, fewer D. less, few 14. Monday is my________ day. A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest 15. Mr. Taylor, the bank manager often dresses more________ to get relaxed at the weekends. A . carefully B. normally C. casually D. particularly 16. Jenny, a man named Tom phoned you________. He asked you to call him back. A. now and then B. just now C. right now D. from now on 17. Tom is _____of the two. A. the younger B. the youngest C. younger D. the young 18. —What _______ news it was! — Yes, all of the children were________. A. excited; exciting B. exciting; excited C. exciting; exciting D. excited ; excited 19. The pianos in this shop are as _____ as the ones in that shop. A. cheap B. cheapest C. cheaper D. the cheapest 20. It’s winter now. It is getting _____. A. very cold and cold B. colder and colder C. more cold and cold D. coldest and coldest查看更多