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中考总复习英语百色精讲专题9 情态动词
专题九 情态动词 百色五年中考命题规律及趋势 近五年百色中考考情分析 2019年百色中考命题预测 年份 考查角度 考查重点 题号 分值 预计2019年百色中考对情态动词的考查仍是重点。倾向于考查情态动词在具体语境中的用法。主要以选择填空、完形填空的形式进行考查。考查的小题数约1—2道。 2019 / / / / 2019 情态动词的用法 情态动词must表必须的用法 37 1 2019 情态动词的用法 对must开头的疑问句作否定回答的用法 32 1 2019 情态动词的用法 情态动词may表不确定的推测的用法 35 1 2019 情态动词的用法 情态动词may表请求的用法 32 1 百色中考语法突破 情态动词表示说话者的情感、态度和语气,本身有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,须与动词原形一起构成句子的谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 情态动词的基本用法 情态 动词 用法 例句 can 表能力,“能、会” Sam can speak English.萨姆会讲英语。 表请求、允许,“可以” Can I borrow your bike?我可以借用你的自行车吗? could can的过去式,“能、会”,表过去的能力 Lang Lang could play the piano when he was young.郎朗很小的时候就会弹钢琴了。 在疑问句中表委婉的请求,注意回答用can/can't —Could I have one cup of tea?我能喝一杯茶吗? —Sure,you can.当然可以。 must 表主观看法,“必须、应该” You must finish your homework first!你必须先完成你的作业。 have to 表客观看法,“必须、不得不” It's raining,so I have to stay at home.下雨了,所以我不得不待在家里。 should “应该”,表要求和命令,也可表劝告或建议 We should keep healthy.我们应该保持健康。 need “需要”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中 You needn't say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。 续表 情态 动词 用法 例句 may 表请求、许可,“可以” You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话,你可以坐这。 may用于疑问句时,否定回答用mustn't/can't —May I use your bike?我能用你的自行车吗? —Sorry,you can't.对不起,你不能。 might may的过去式 He asked if he might go home.他问是否他可以回家。 表请求、许可,语气比may更委婉 Might I smoke here?我能在这吸烟吗? will, would 表必然性,“将会” Fish will die without water.鱼没有水将会死亡。 表意愿、意志,“愿意” I will tell you all about it.我愿意告诉你关于它的一切。 询问对方的意愿或提出请求,用于疑问句,would 比will委婉、礼貌 Will/Would you go with me?你会和我去吗? 选择填空。 ( A )1.(2019咸宁中考)—Mom,________ I play computer games this evening? —Sure,but you ________ finish your homework first. A.can;must B.can;mustn't C.may;could D.may;can't ( C )2.(2019资阳中考)—________ I have a talk with you now? —Sorry,I'm quite busy. A.Will B.Must C.May D.Need ( D )3.(2019无锡中考)—Didn't you see the zebra crossing? You ________ slow down,son! —Sorry,sir.Am I going to fail the test? A.can't B.can C.mustn't D.must 情态动词的否定用法 情态动词 否定式 含义 用法 例句 mustn't 不准/千万 不要 表禁止 You mustn't play football on the road.你不准在路上踢足球。 shouldn't 不应该 表责任/ 义务 We shouldn't waste water.我们不应该浪费水。 needn't 不需要/ 不必 表需求 You needn't clean the room.你不需要打扫房间。 是must用 于问句时的 否定答语 固定用法 —Must I finish my homework now?我必须现在完成作业吗? —No,you needn't.不,你不需要。 had better not 最好不要 表劝告/ 建议 You had better not smoke.It's bad for your health.你最好不要吸烟。它对你的健康有害。 can't 不能 表不允许 —Can I watch TV?我能看电视吗? —No,you can't.不,你不能。 couldn't 不可能 表推测(可能性小) The ball couldn't be Jim's.He doesn't play balls.这个球不可能是吉姆的。他不打球。 ( D )1.(2019荆州中考)—Can we walk across the road now? —No,we ________.We have to wait until the light turns green. A.couldn't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.mustn't ( B )2.(河池中考)Students ________ be allowed to get their ears pierced. A.needn't B.shouldn't C.can D.may ( A )3.—Must I return the books today? —No,you________.You can keep them for three days. A.needn't B.can't C.mustn't D.shouldn't 情态动词表推测的用法 情态动词 含义 推测用法 例句 must 一定/准是 肯定的推测 There must be a girl singing next door.Can't you hear her beautiful voice?隔壁一定有个女孩正在唱歌。你没听到她美妙的声音吗? may 或许/可能 不太有把握的推测,might,could表示的可能性更小 —Bob,Where is Linda?鲍勃,琳达在哪里? —She may/might/could be in the library,but I am not sure.她可能在图书馆,但我不确定。 might could can't 不可能 否定的推测 —Is that Kate's cat?那是凯特的猫吗? —It can't be hers.Her cat has white color.不可能是她的,她的是只白猫。 can 或许/可能 不太有把握的推测,用于疑问句中 Can it be a dog outside the door?门外会不会是只狗呢? 选择填空。 ( A )1.(2019宜昌中考)—Mum,I've signed for a big box by Future Express(快递).What's in it? —I'm not sure.It ________ be a present from your brother. A.might B.must C.should D.will ( A )2.(2019十堰中考)—I went to Mount Wudang with my five friends in one small car last weekend. —Oh,my god!I think it ________ be an uncomfortable trip. A.must B.can't C.may D.shouldn't ( A )3.(原创题)This green bottle ________ belong to Edward.His is blue. A.can't B.might C.can D.may not 百色五年真题回顾 ( )1.(2019百色中考)Cars,buses and bikes ________ stop when traffic lights change to red. A.may B.need C.can D.must 【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的词义辨析。句意:当交通信号灯变红的时候,小汽车、公交车和自行车都________停下来。may可能;need需要;can能,可以;must必须。根据常识可选出答案。 【答案】D ( )2.(2019百色中考)—Mum,must I clean the house right now? —No,you ________.You can do it after finishing your homework. A.needn't B.mustn't C.can't D.shouldn't 【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的用法。句意:妈妈,我必须现在打扫房间吗?不,你________。你可以做完作业再打扫。needn't 不需要,回答must提问的问句;mustn't一定不要,禁止;can't不会,不能;shouldn't不应该。根据语境可知答案。 【答案】A ( )3.(2019百色中考)—How is your father going to Nanning? —I'm not sure.He ________ drive there. A.may B.can C.must D.will 【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词词义辨析。句意:你的父亲怎么去南宁?我不确定。他________开车去那里。may可能,或许,语气较委婉;can能,语气较强;must必须,语气非常强烈;will将要。根据句意及语境可知答案。 【答案】A ( )4.(2019百色中考)—________ I smoke here? —No,you mustn't for it is not smoking area here. A.Can B.Should C.Must D.May 【解析】考查语境理解及情态动词的用法。句意:我________在这抽烟吗?不能。因为这里不是吸烟区。can表示请求、允许,意为“可以”;should表示要求和命令,也可以表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”;must表示主观看法,意为“必须,一定”;may 表示请求、许可,意为“可以”。may的语气较庄重、正式,而can较通俗、随便。根据句意及语境可选出答案。 【答案】D 考点抢测 选择填空。 ( C )1.(2019内江中考)The blue coat ________ be Tony's.He never wears blue clothes.【考点❸】 A.can B.must C.can't D.mustn't ( D )2.(2019武威中考)—Can we play soccer here? —No,you ________play it near the road.That's too dangerous!【考点❷】 A.can B.may C.won't D.mustn't ( A )3.(2019黄冈中考)—Must I finish reading the book today,Mr.Brown? —No,you ________.You can finish it in two days.【考点❷】 A.needn't B.mustn't C.can't D.couldn't ( B )4.(2019安徽中考)—May I watch TV,Dad? —When your homework is finished,you ________.【考点❶】 A.should B.can C.must D.need ( C )5.(2019滨州中考)—________ I swim here? —I'm sorry.Children ________ swim alone here.It's very dangerous.【考点❶、❷】 A.Must;can't B.May;must C.Can;mustn't D.Can't;can查看更多