人教版初中英语语法定语从句

人教版初中英语语法定语从句

The Attributive Clause (定语从句) 一个 美丽的 女孩 a beautiful girl beautiful （形容词作前置定语） 一个 穿白色衣服的 女孩 a girl in white in white （介词短语作后置定语） 一个 正唱歌的 女孩 a girl is singing who is singing （定语从句， a girl 为先行词） 定语 是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当， 对名（代）词修饰和限制 。名（代）词称为 中心词 。 形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成 “ …… 的 ” 。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。 Li Ming is a boy . Li Ming is a good boy . Li Ming is a good boy . 形容词作定语 介词短语作定语 在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句 。 good with glasses who is wearing glasses 句子作定语 先行词 引导词 ( 关系词） 从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair . （被修饰的名词或代词） （跟在先行词后，引导从句的词） 修饰先行词的句子 定语从句分析 结构：先行词 + 引导词 + 从句 This is the card that I’ve just received 先行词 引导词 从句 关系 代词 关系 副词 who,that ,which , whom, whose Where, when,why 定语从句 ： 由一个句子充当定语 从句的位置： 在名词或代词后 先 行 词 ： 被定语从句修饰的词 引 导 词 ： 引导定语从句的词 关系代词 关系副词 引导词的作用 : (1) 引导定语从句 (2) 在从句中作一成份 (3) 代替先行词在从句中的位置 做题一般步骤 1. 确定先行词：空格之前的单词或词组 2. 将先行词带入定语从句，还原从句为完整句子 3. 根据先行词在还原句中的成分确定引导词 步骤二 步骤三 In which = where 步骤一 先行词 house ，带入句子 I live in the house (RIGHT) This is the house_______ I live. 关系代词 关系副词 先行词 句中作用 省否 who 人 主语 / 宾语 关系代词在句中作宾语可以省略 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语／宾语 that 人／物 主语／宾语 whose 人／物 定语 When 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why reason 状语 ■ 关系代词 who, whom 的用法 who 和 whom 均只用于指人，不用于指事或物，其中 who 在定语从句中用作主语， whom 在定语从句中用作宾语。 如 ： I met a girl who knew your sister. 我碰到一个认识你姐姐的姑娘。 In Berlin, he first met the woman whom he would one day marry. 在柏林，他第一次遇见那个女人，后来他终于跟她结了婚。 但是，用作宾语的 whom 如果不是紧跟在介词之后，通常会被省略或用 who, that 代之。如： The person to whom I complained is the manager. 我向他投诉的那个人是经理。 The person (who, whom, that) I complained to is the manager. 我向他投诉的那个人是经理。 关系代词的作用 ■ 关系代词 whose 的用法 关系代词 whose 既可用于指人，也可用于指事或物，它在定语从句中主要用作定语。如： She is the woman whose car was stolen. 她就是汽车被盗的 This is the house whose windows were broken. 这就是窗户被打破了的房子。 Mrs. Gray, whose children are in college, is trying to get a job. 格雷太太的孩子们都在上大学，她想找一份工作。 His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight. 他的房子窗户无一完好，一派令人心酸的景象。 关系代词 WHICH 的用法 which ：只用于指事或物，不用于指人，它在定语从句中主要用作主语或宾语。如： （ 1 ） She was not on the train which arrived just now. 她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。 （ 2 ） He never got back the money which he had lent him. 他从未收回他曾借给他的那笔钱。 which 在引导定语从句，作宾语是可以省略： Is this the book （ which ） you are looking for ？ (look for 寻找 ) 这是你要找的书吗？ 关系代词 THAT 用法 一、指人的用法 that用于指人，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语。 如： A driver that has knocked someone down must stop. 撞人的司机必须停车。 He is the man that you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。 He is not that man that he was. 他已不是过去的他了。 二、指物的用法 that用于指物，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或表语 。如： This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon. 这是下午要飞往东京的那架飞机。 She was annoyed by something that I had said. 她为我说的某句话而不高兴。 Shengzhen is not the city that it used to be. 深圳现在已不是原来的那个城市了。 the handsome the tall the strong the clever the naughty boy The boy is Tom. The boy who is handsome is Tom. The boy who is tall is Tom. The boy who is strong is Tom The boy who is clever is Tom The boy who is naughty is Tom.  The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling .  The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face . The boy who is smiling is Tom. ( 主语 ) The boy who has a round face is Tom.  The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me . The man who sits in front of me is Tom.  The woman got the job. The woman can speak Russian . The woman who can speak Russian got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. The teacher is famous . The teacher who is famous will give us a talk.  The man is kind. Everyone likes him . The man ( whom) everyone likes is kind. ( 宾语 )  The woman got the job. We saw her on the street . The woman ( whom) we saw on the street got the job.  The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday . The teacher ( whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk. Ex: He is the teacher. The teacher can speak French . He is the teacher who can speak French.  Do you know the man? He came to visit you today . Do you know the man who came to visit you today?  The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady. The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.  Do you know the man? You will visit him today . Do you know the man whom you will visit today? apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small The apple which is green is big.  Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat . The goat is eating her flowers. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.  Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night . Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night. A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about. 关系词 注意 : 从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致 that 指人或物 which 指物 who 指人 1 、当先行词是 anything, everything, nothing (something 除外 ), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由 every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much ， each 等修饰时 　　 (1) Have you taken down everything (that) Mr. Li has said? 　　 (2) There seems to be nothing (that) seems impossible for him in the world. 　　 (3) All that can be done has been done. 　　 (4) There is little (that) I can do for you. 　　 注意 1 ：部分时候 that 可以省略，如部分例句将 that 用括号括 住 。 　　 注意 2 ：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用 who 　　 (4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 　　  that 和 which 在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 , 但在下列情况下 , 一般用 that 而不用 which 。 2 、当先行词被序数词修饰 　　 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3 、当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 　　 This is the best film that I have seen. 　　 4 、当形容词被 the very, the only ， the same,the last ,any,little 等修饰时 　　 (1) This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy, 　　 (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 　　 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用 who 　　 (3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting ？ 　　 5 、当先行词前面有 who, which 等疑问代词时 　　 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? 　　 (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 　　 6 、当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 　　 Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 　　 7. 当关系代词在定语从句中做表语 　　 The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago. 　 8. 当在 there be 句型中，通常情况下用 that ，不用 which who,that （先行词为人）区别 1. 用 who 不用 that 的情况： (1) 当先行词为 one,ones,anyone,those 时。 (2) 当先行词为人称代词时。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise 2. 只能用 which 的情况 : 1. 介词前置时关系代词只能用 which( 先行词为物 ) 2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用 which (1) She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry. (2)My glasses, without which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke. Read the text again and find the Attributive Clauses: My necklace is not the only thing that’s missing. 2. This is the cage that Polly lives in. 3. We are looking for a thief who likes stealing parrots and necklace. 6. I’ll shoot anyone who moves! 4. When was the last time (that ) you saw the parrot? 5 . It was about some thieves who robbed a train… 7. I’ll shoot anyone who moves , anyone who moves ! 8. Is that the parrot which you are looking for ? 9. And is this the necklace that was stolen ? 10 . Polly was the thief who stole Mum’s necklace ! 1.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether 2Is there anything else_____you require? A.which B.that C.who D.what 3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it 4.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 5.There is no dictionary____you can find everything. A.that B.which C.where D.in that 6.This is one of the best books_______. A.that have ever been writtenC.that has written B.that has ever been written D.that have written A B B B C A 7.He wrote a letter to me,telling me everything__ _ __ he saw on the way to the Paris. A.what B.that C.which D.where 8.Is oxygen the only gas_____helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 9.Is there anything_____to you? A.that is belonged B.that belongs C.which belongs D.that belong 10.The scientist and his achievements______you told me about are admired by us all. A.which B.that C.who D.whose 11.Which of the books______were borrowed from him is the best? A.which B.what C.that D.whose B A B B C 12.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _______ were in the fields. 13.The wind blew down the tallest tree ____ is in front of our school gate. 14.This is the very thing ______ I was looking for. 15.This is the second novel _____I have ever read. 16.There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten me. 17.Who is the man _______ is reading under the tree? 18.My hometown is not the same one _______ it used to be twenty years ago. that that that that that that that whose 在定语从句中作定语 , 表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose 多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which 互换使用。 This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue This is the book the cover of which is blue Do you know the girl? Her hair is very short in our class Do you know the girl whose hair is the hair of whom very short in our class? He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday He is the student whose pencil the pencil of whom I broke yesterday. Mr King was quickly taken to hospital. Her legs were badly hurt. Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story. We shall make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have told you. . The chair is being repaired now. The legs of the chair are broken. The chair , whose legs are broken the legs of which are broken, of which the legs are broken is being repaired now . The boss of the company told the story about… . His name was Mr Little. The boss of the company, whose name was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son. This teacher , with whose son I work , is liked by all the students The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department. The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident. 1  The river ___are covered with trees is very long. A which banks B of which banks C whose the banks D the banks of which 2   she likes to use words ___is clear to him. A of which the meaning B of which meaning C whose of meaning D meaning of which 3 The manager___company they worked agreed ____their decision. A which, with B in which, to C whose, with D in whose, with 4 Look! The dictionary ,____is red, is a birthday gift given by my parents. A which cover B the cover of which C the whose cover D that the cover 5 Mr. Brown,____, works as the manager of the company. A we got here in his car B we got here by car C in whose car we got here D by whose car we got here D A D B C 6 Will you please show me the girl ____name is Linda? A who B whom C whose D which 7 It was a meeting ,____importance I did not realize at the time. A which B of which C its D whose 8 Do you know who is living in that house ____windows face south? A whose B which C which of D its 9 what about the watch price is 100 yuan ？ A that B its C which D whose 10 We telephoned the man home we lived in 1996. A whose B in whose C of which D his 11 Mark Twins , for _____life had once been very hard, wrote many famous novels. A whose B who C whom D his 12 There is a mountain ____is always covered with snow. A whose the top B of which top C its top D of which the top C D A D B C D As 也可以用来引导定语从句 . 当先行词与 as,so,such,the same 连用或先行词本身是 such,the same 时 , 关系代词用 as. As 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 1.He is not such a man as only thinks of himself. 2.I should like to use the same pen as I used yesterday. 3 .Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved. 4.I will read as many books as are required. 5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. 　关系副词 　关系副词：在句中作状语 　　 关系副词 = 介词 + 关系代词 　 why=for which 　　 where=in/ at/ on/ ... which ( 介词同先行词搭配 ) 　　 when=during/ on/ in/ ... which ( 介词同先行词搭配 ) when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 　 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 　　 (2) The time when we got together finally came. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 　 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. 　　 (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 　　 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 　　 (2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 　　 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 　　 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, 　　 (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句 指代对象 先行词 关系副词及相应结构 时间 dayyeardate ime whenduring which time 地点 the place he city 地点 wherein whichfrom which 原因 the reason why hatfor which when 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词 + 关系代词（ which ）”。 I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league on which where 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词 + 关系代词（ which ）”。 This is the house where I lived two years ago. in which why 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词 for+ 关系代词（ which ）”。 Do you know the reason why she was late. It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class. 1 . This is the town __________ I was born. This is the town _________ I visited last week. 2. I will never forget the day _______ I came to school. I will never forget the day _______ I spent with you. 3. This is the reason ________ he was late. This is the reason ________ he told me. The reason _________he explained is not true. where which when which why which which “ 介词＋关系代词 ( whom/which)” 引导定语从句应注意： 1 介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A. 与先行词的搭配关系 1 ） I will never forget the day _____________ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days ____________ I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year ____________ my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, ____________ most people had had supper. on which during which in which by which B . 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1） Have you found the book ____________ I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book _____________ I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book _____________ we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book ____________ she often talks? for which on which from which about which  The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him The boy ( whom/that) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.  This is the boy. I sit behind him . This is the boy ( whom/that) I sit behind. This is the boy behind whom I sit. Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now? 关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构 ： 1. 介词 + whomwhich The woman general still remember the day on which she joined the army 2. 介词 短语 + whichwhom The fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well. 3. 不定代词 或数词 +whichwhom There are many books here , none of which belongs to me. China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun. 4. 名词 + of which She mentioned a magazine, the title of which I have forgotten . part of whom/which There are 23 students in our class, A:________________( 他们都） love mothers deeply. B:________________ （大多数） are from countryside. C:________________ （有些） are from Xiabancheng D:________________ （没有一个） are from Beijing all of whom most of whom some of whom none of whom There are 23 students in our class. (,and) A:________________ ( 他们都） love mothers deeply. B:________________ （大多数） are from countryside. C:________________ （有些） are from Xiabancheng D:________________ （没有一个） are from Beijing all of them most of them some of them none of them Every student has many books, A:______________ （大多数） are textbooks. B:________________ （一些） are extra curricular books. C:______________ （其余的） are reference books. D:________________ （没有一本） are novels. E:_______________ （有几本） are English books. most of which some of which the rest of which none of which several of which 1.Do you know who lives in the ： building______there is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.I’ll never forget the day____I joined theLeague. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman__my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.to who D whom 4.Jeanne was her old friend,____she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom 5.His glasses,______he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that C A B B C 做做试试 6.she is a teacher of much knowledge,_____much can be learned. A.who B.that C. from which D.from whom 7.He built a telescope_____he could study the skies. A.in which B.with that C.through which D.by it 8.Do you know the reason____he was late? A.that B.which C.for what D.for which 9.I have bought two ballpens,____writes well. A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them 10.The Second World War_____millions of people were killed in 1945. A.during which B.in that C.where D.on which D C D B A 11.China has many rivers,____the Changjiang River is the longest. A.which B. in which C.among which D. one of which 12.This is the very knife_____I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by which C.which D.with which 13.The speed____which you drive your car mustn’t too high. 14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_____ which is bright and nice. 15.The little girl is reading a book,_____which there are many pictures. 16.What were the things_______which he was not too sure C D at of in of 17.They held a meeting,____which the hospital director made a speech. 18.The book,_____which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading. 19.Is this the man____whose house the police found the lost coloured TV? 20.The villagers dug along tunnel______which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 21.Wu Dong,_____whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 22.The stories about Long March,_____which this is one example,are well written. at for in through with of 1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _________had not been cleaned for at least one year. 2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _____ ______she could turn for help. 3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_____ _________is Taiwan. 4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_________ ________ _______treated her well, ______made her very sad. 5.There are forty students in our class,______ _______20 are girls; the rest are boys. which To whom of which none of which which of whom Exercise 1 : 用关系代词填空 The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. who / that which/ that who / that which / that 5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years. 8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now. whose whose which that 当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用 that. Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember. Say all ________ you know. Is there anything ______ I can do for you? that that that 当先行词是 something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用 that. 4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _______ I have read. that that 当先行词被 序数词，最高级 等词修饰时，关系代词只能用 that. 6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday. 当主句是 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句 ，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用 that. that that Jack saw a bicycle advertisement in a newspaper. The price was 68 dollars. So he went to the shop and asked to see the bicycle. The salesman was happy to show him . Jack checked the bicycle carefully. Soon,he said , “There isn’t a lamp on this bicycle ,but there was one on the bicycle in the ad.” “Yes ,sir,” answered the man , “but the lamp isn’t included in the price of the bicycle. “Not included in the price of the bicycle ?” Jack said angrily, “but the lamp was in the ad.It should be in the price.” “Well ,sir ,” answer the shop owner coldly, “there was also a girl on the bicycle in the ad ,but we can’t give you a girl with the bicycle,either.” It is an ad ________ Jack is a person____________ The bicycle in the ad is the one _________________ Match the two sentences 1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _______________________________________ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _______________________________________ 3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking. ____________________________________ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. _______________________________________ I’m reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates. He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese. I don’t like the man who is smoking. Where is the picture that you bought last week? The house that they built it in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. I will never forget the poor boy who have no arms. We have done everything which can be done . He is the only man who I know in the city . I have been to the park which there are a lot of flowers . The park where the old people usually go to is called Zhongshan park . Jim asked that who won . Look ! The tree where Jack is climbing is quite tall . 改错 （在学习定语从句时常会出现以下的错句） 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 ： The man who came here yesterday has come again. 限制性定语从句 是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 非限制性定语从句 和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。 1.His mother ,whom he loved dearly,went abroad. 2.This machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly. 3.Aqiao ,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself. 4.The family , who lived upstairs,are fond of music. 说明 ： 非限制性定语不能用 that 引导； 作宾语用的关系代词不能省； 要用逗号隔开。 用法与区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 “ 限”是先行词不可缺少的定语 . 如果省去，主句意思不完整或不明确；“非限”只是附加说明。 All the people were talking about the wonderful cloth The emperor had ordered to be woven They set up a state of their own,where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves . “ 限”于主句之间不能用逗号隔开；“非限”与主句之间要用逗号隔开。 She is the nurse who looks after the children. The letter is from my sister,who is working in Beijing. “ 限 ” 可以用 that 引导；“非限”不能用 that 引导 That is the very tool that we are looking for I saw a good film, which was about the Long March “ 限”的关联词作宾语时可省；非限则不可 I will never forget the day （ that ） we spent together there His dog,which he liked very much, died yesterday . “ 限”一般只修饰先行词；非限既可修饰先行词，也可是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分 I have finished the novel that you lent me yesterday He suddenly fell ill, which prevented him from going to school. * As 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别： Which 引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而 as 引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。 Which 既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“ and this” or “ and that”. 译为“这一点”。 　　而 as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如 ….. 那样”，且已形成固定结构。　如： as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc. eg. Einstein, as is known , is a famous scientist. As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child. 1.______was natural,he married Jenny. A.Which B.That C.This D.As 2.Such signs_____we use in the experiment______ Greek letters. A.as ,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is 3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,_____ he drank immediately . A.that B.as C.which D.who 4.She is very good at dance,____everybody knows. A.that B.which C.who D.as 5.It was raining,_____was a pity. A.what B.that C.the which D.which 6.______has been said above,grammar is a set of dead rules. A.Which B.What C.That D.As 7.We do the same work_____they do. A.which B.as C.than D.like 8.The earth is round,_____we all know. A.that B.which C.who D. as D A C D D D B D 定语从句和其它句型的转换 1. 定语从句和非谓语动词： 从句是主动形式，用现在分词 ; 从句是被动形式，用过去分词。或者看定语和被修饰词之间的关系，如果定语和被修饰 词之间是主谓关系，用现在分词；如果定语和被修饰 词之间是动宾关系，用过去分词； (1)There are lots of good English programmes which are broadcast on TV or the radio in China. There are lots of good English programmes ________ on TV or the radio in China. (2)At one time there were long queues of people who were waiting outside the CAAC offices. ------At one time there were long queues of people ________ outside the CAAC offices. broadcast waiting 2. 定语从句和并列句 是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的一个关键 1. I saw some trees, and the leaves of the trees were black with disease. -----I saw some trees, the leaves of ________were black with disease. 2. The professor is an ordinary-looking little man, on the nose of __________there is a pair of glasses 3.The World Trade Organization (WTO) finally opened its door to China on November 10,_____ a 15-year wait. A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends which whom C A whom B ． them  C ． they  D ． who   1 ） Mr Smith has three sons ， none of  ＿＿ is a computerexpert ．    2He has three sisters ，＿＿＿＿＿   are doctors ．    3 ） She has three CDs ， but none of ＿＿＿＿ is interesting ．    4 ） I have many friends ， and all of ＿＿＿＿＿ are niceandfriendly ．    5 ） Miss Yang has some relatives here ；＿＿＿ like her very much 6) He has two sons, neither of looks like him. 7) He has two sons, and neither of looks like him. 8) He has two sons. Both of ____look like him. A D B B C A B B 3. 定语从句和状语从句 （ 1 ）句从引导词来看，状语从句中的 that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的 as 在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。 (1)This is such a big stone _______no one can lift it. This is such a big stone _______no one can lift. (2)Please put the letter in the drawer _____ ______he can easily find it. Please put the letter_________he can easily find it. that as where where 1 You may stay _________you like. 2 We put the corn ___ the birds could find it easily. 3 I’d like you to take my picture ___stands the ancient tower 4 Bamboo grows well___ it is warmer and wet all the year round. A in the place B in the place where C the place where D in which 5 I’ve never been to___ my grandfather was born. A which B in which C where D that where where where B C 4. 定语从句和名词性从句 (1) He did all (that) he could to help me .(=what) (2) All that can be done has been done. (=what) (3) _______is known to us all, the earth turns round the sun. It is known to us all _______Taiwan belongs to China. (4)______ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun. As that What 定语从句和强调句 强调句句型： It is/was + 被强调的成份 +that/who + 其它部分去掉 It is/was … .that/who … , 句子照样成立。 (1) I lived in this room last year. (2) He went to school at seven this morning. 而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成份。 (1) It is in this room ______I lived last year. It is the room _______I lived last year. (2) It was at seven o’clock ________he went to school this morning. It was seven o’clock _______he went to school this morning. that where that when 看谁区别的准！！ 1A.Is this the factory_____you visited last year? B.Is this factory____you visited last year? a.that b.where c.in which d.the one 2.A.Mr Smith is one of those foreigners who____ working in China. B.Mr Smith is the only one of those foreigners who____working in China. a.is b.has c.have d.are 3.A.Don’t discuss questions such_____those. B.Let’s discuss only the questions______ we are interested in. a.which b.that c.as d.about which 4.A. All____I need is a good rest. B. ____I need is a good rest. a.What B All what c.That d.Which A D D A C B C A 5.A.Pisa is a city, ___ has a leaning tower. B.Pisa is a city,____there is a leaning tower. a.which b.that c.where d.there 6.A.This is the place____we visited last year. B.This the place____we worked last year. a.which b.where c. in that d.there 7.A.The news_ __he told us was very exciting. B.He has brought us the news____our team has won the game. a.what b.as c.that d.where 8.It is in a box____I have hidden my money. We’ll go___we are needed. a.that b.in which c.where d.in it a c a b c c a c 猜猜看 , 下面的句子明白了吗 ? 1. 不懂装懂，一事无成 . He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything , is indeed a good-for –nothing. 2. 甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼 . He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf . 3. 万事开头难 It’s the first step that costs. 4. 千里之行，始于足下。 He who would climb that ladder must begin at the bottom . 5. 自满的人腹中空 . He who is full of himself is very empty . 6. 闪光的未必都是金子 Not all that glitters is gold. THE END