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中考英语 第三轮 中考题型聚焦 单项选择1
第 37 讲 单项选择 近 3 年辽宁各地市单项选择题考查比较全面 , 各考点均有涉及 , 且着重考查学生综合运用语言知识的能力 , 淡化对语法知识的机械性记忆。该题型主要从语法和语境角度进行命题 , 知识点全面 , 考查的方向集中在不同词性辨析、词义辨析、固定句型以及惯用语搭配上。在试题设置上更注重语法在语境中的运用 , 语言测试要点的覆盖面更加广泛。这也顺应了语言教育的一个大趋势 , 即语言教育向实用、应用型转变。 在 2016 年辽宁 13 个地市的英语中考试题中 , 考点频次由高到低分布如下:名词、代词、形容词、介词、交际用语、情态动词、复合句;动词的时态;副词、动词的语态;动词、动词短语、连词;非谓语动词;感叹句;疑问词、冠词;数词。祈使句和主谓一致各地市几乎都没有考查。 中考英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态 , 语态;词义辨析;语序 , 各种不同的从句及交际用语上。在做单项选择题时 , 掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。常用的解题方法如下: 1 . 直接选择法 —— 根据已掌握的知识、固定搭配、常用句型等直接确定答案 , 此方法多适合用于介词短语、动词短语和固定句型类题目。 【 例 1 】 Jim sits behind me , so I sit ________ him. A . at the top of B . at the end of C . in the middle of D . in front of 【 解析 】 考查介词短语辨析。句意:吉姆坐在我后面 , 因此我坐在他的 ________ 。 at the top of 在 …… 顶部; at the end of 在 …… 尽头; in the middle of 在 …… 中间; in front of 在 …… 前面。 behind 的反义词组是 in front of , 根据句意可知后半句表示 “ 我坐在他的前面 ” 。 答案: __ D __ 【 例 2 】 — Jason , would you please ________ this notice? —With pleasure. A . put on B . put off C . put up D . put out 【 解析 】 考查动词短语辨析。句意 “ 杰森 , 你能 ________ 这个通知吗? ”“ 我很乐意去做。 ” put on 穿上; put off 推迟; put up 张贴; put out 熄灭。根据语境可知应是张贴通知。 答案: __ C __ 1 . —How many American students came to visit your school yesterday? —Nine.Five are from New York , and the other ____ are from Boston. A . two B . three C . four D . five 2 . Jack's hobby is to play ____ chess. A . a B . an C . the D . / 3 . Maori people in New Zealand touch ____ when they meet. A . trees B . noses C . caps D . desks 4 . We usually have the first class ____ 8 : 00 in the morning. A . of B . in C . on D . at 5 . ____ these past three years , I remember many things. A . Looking up to B . Looking out C . Looking back at D . Looking after C D B D C 2 . 关键信息法 —— 根据语境中的关键词、短语、时间状语等信息判断答案 , 此方法多适用于语法类试题 , 如情态动词、动词的时态、被动语态、简单句和复合句等。 【 例 3 】 — Mum , where is Dad? —He ________ flowers in the garden now. A . planted B . plants C . will plant D . is planting 【 解析 】 考查现在进行时。句意 “ 妈妈 , 爸爸在哪里? ”“ 他现在正在花园里种花。 ” 结合句意及标志性时间状语 now , 可知用现在进行时。 答案: __ D __ 【 例 4 】 These model cars ________ in China in 2013 . A . are made B . were made C . make D . made 【 解析 】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这些汽车模型由中国在 2013 年制造。结合句意及主语 “ model cars ” 与动词之间的关系 , 可知此处用被动语态;且根据标志性时间状语 “ in 2013 ” 为过去时间 , 可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。 答案: __ B __ 6 . Nowadays all passengers ____ go through safety check before they take a train. A . can B . may C . must D . will 7 . ____ kind and helpful to the people around us , and we will make the world a nicer place to live in. A . Be B . Being C . To be D . Been 8 . Tourists' bad behavior ____ by the government in our country from now on. A . will record B . will be recorded C . records D . is recorded C A B 9 . —Amy , can we give away these soft toys? We ____ them for many years. —Mom , but I want to keep the bear. A . bought B . had C . have bought D . have had 10 . —Can you tell me ____ to London? —Sure.Next month. A . when you will travel B . when will you travel C . when you travelled D . when did you travel D A 3 . 逻辑推理法 —— 通过分析语境的前后句逻辑关系 , 从而做出正确选择。此方法多适用于代词、连词类题目。如考查连词 , 明确前后句之间的关系很关键 , 转折关系选 but , 顺承关系选 and , 因果关系选 because/so 等。 【 例 5 】 My brother likes painting.It's one of ________ hobbies. A . my B . her C . his D . Your 【 解析 】 考查形容词性物主代词词义辨析。句意:我的哥哥 ( 弟弟 ) 喜欢绘画 , 绘画是 ________ 爱好之一。根据题中的 “ My brother ” 可判断应用形容词性物主代词 his 修饰。 答案: __ C __ 【 例 6 】 Get up early , ________ you'll be late for school. A . so B . and C . or D . but 【 解析 】 考查并列连词的用法。句意:早点起床 , ________ 你上学就会迟到。结合句意可知 , 此处表示 “ 否则 ” 。 答案: __ C __ 11 . Singing and dancing are her hobbies, and her ____ hobby is to speak English everyday. A . another B . all C . either D . neither 12 . Going to the movies is good , ____ I really only like listening to music. A . and B . but C . so D . or 13 . The book must be Lily's.Look! ____ name is on the cover. A . Her B . His C . Its D . My 14 . —Mike , what were your parents doing at 8 : 00 last night? —My mother was reading ____ my father was playing computer games. A . while B . when C . unless D . as long as A B A A 15 . —Who lives together with this old woman? —____ .She lives alone.Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday. A . Nobody B . Somebody C . Anybody D . Everybody A 4 . 代入排除法 —— 在对比四个选项后难以确定答案的情况下 , 学生可以采取逐个排除法 , 把没有被排除的选项定为正确答案。此方法多适用于语境类词义辨析试题 , 名词、动词、形容词和副词。 【 例 7 】 Let's open the windows to have some ________ air in here. A . cheap B . nervous C . careful D . fresh 【 解析 】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:让我们打开窗户呼吸一些 ________ 空气吧。 cheap 便宜的 , 廉价的; nervous 紧张的 , 不安的; careful 小心的 , 仔细的; fresh 新鲜的。根据语境 “ 打开窗户 ” 可判断是让一些新鲜空气进来。 答案: __ D __ 【 例 8 】 Lao She's Teahouse ________ the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. A . describes B . improves C . prepares D . corrects 【 解析 】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:老舍的 《 茶馆 》 ________ 了中国社会五十多年的变化。 describes 描述; improves 提高; prepares 准备; corrects 改正。根据句意可知 “ 描述 ” 最符合语境。 答案: __ A __ 16 . — Mr.Wilson , can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel ____ to ask me. A . good B . calm C . free D . happy 17 . Earthquakes always happen ____ , so it is difficult to know when they come. A . hopefully B . suddenly C . usually D . luckily 18 . Soccer is a wonderful game for children.It ____ great exercise , such as running and kicking. A . provides B . remains C . practises D . receives C B A 19 . Just be ____ , you can't make such great progress in a day.It takes time. A . available B . humorous C . patient D . unbelievable 20 . Why not go to Sunshine Supermarket? You can buy everything ____ there. A . mostly B . widely C . cheaply D . heavily C A 5 . 交际法 —— 此方法用于交际用语中 , 联系上下文直接解题。 【 例 9 】 — You look sad , Betty.What's the matter with you? — ________ . A . I've got the first prize. B . I'm sorry to hear that. C . I can't attend the summer camp. D . I don't quite agree with you. 【 解析 】 考查情景交际。句意为 “ 贝蒂 , 你看起来很伤心 , 怎么了? ”“ ________ 。 ” A 项:我得了第一; B 项:听到那件事我很难过; C 项:我不能参加夏令营; D 项:我非常不同意你的看法。上句提到 “ 很伤心 ” 因此答语应是 “ 不好的事 ” 。 答案: __ C __ 【 例 10 】 — Thank you for helping me with my physics. —________ . I hope you can do better in it. A . Good idea B . See you C . I'm not sure D . You're welcome 【 解析 】 考查情景交际。句意为 “ 谢谢你帮助我学习物理。 ”“ ________ 。我希望你能在这方面做得更好。 ” Good idea 好主意; See you 再见; I'm not sure 我不确定; You're welcome 不客气。根据上下句语境并结合交际用语可知 , 当对方表示感谢时 , 应说不客气。 答案: __ D __ 21 . — This is your order, a sandwich and an apple pie. ____ —I'll have it here. A . For here or to go? B . Something to drink? C . Anything else? D . Is that OK? 22 . —Will you carry the box for me , please? —Sure , ____ . A . no good B . no problem C . no idea D . no way 23 . —Let's go swimming. —____ . A . It's a pleasure B . You're welcome C . Thanks a lot D . It's a good idea A B D查看更多