2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit14Careers单元学案设计（32页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit14Careers单元学案设计（32页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五 Unit 14Careers单元学案设计 写作句型锤炼 主体段落常用句型锤炼：it作形式主语 先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心 ‎1. It is reported that there will be a Chinese paper-cutting show this Sunday in the art gallery.‎ 据悉，本星期日在美术馆将有一个中国剪纸展。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达)‎ ‎2. It’s a great pity that I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you.‎ 非常遗憾我不得不取消我们周日一块儿逛书店的约定。(2016·全国卷Ⅲ·书面表达)‎ ‎3.As far as I’m concerned, it is everyone’s duty to protect the earth.(2016·北京卷·书面表达)‎ 在我看来，保护地球是每个人的责任。‎ ‎4. It is likely that I will work as a volunteer for the school as a teaching assistant.‎ 有可能我会在学校里作为一名志愿者当教学助手。(山东卷·满分作文)‎ ‎5.It’s no use doing a lot of work without thoughtful planning.‎ 没有周到的计划而做一大堆工作是没用的。‎ 后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来 ‎1.你对这个问题竟然作了这样的回答，令人吃惊。‎ It_is_a_surprise_that_you_should_have_given_such_an_answer_to_the_question.‎ ‎2.要及时做好一切准备很难。‎ It_was_very_difficult_to_get_everything_ready_in_time. ‎ ‎3.这个方法是否更科学值得怀疑。‎ It_is_doubtful_whether_this_method_is_more_scientific. ‎ ‎[会书写]‎ 一、核心单词 ‎1.reward n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　奖赏 ‎2.charge vt. 收费，要价 n. 负责 ‎3.aid n. 援助，帮助 ‎4.quarrel vi. 争吵，吵架 ‎5.consult vt. 请教；查阅 ‎6.decrease v. 减少，降低 ‎7.envy vt. 羡慕，妒忌 ‎8.bother vt. 打扰；烦扰 二、阅读单词 ‎1.liquid n. 液体 ‎2.continent n. 大陆，洲 ‎3.flexible adj. 灵活的，柔韧的 ‎4.bonus n. 额外津贴，奖金 ‎5.multiply v. 大量增加；乘 ‎6.division n. 部门；分割 ‎7.institute n. 机构；学院 ‎8.receipt n. 收据，收条 ‎9.comprehension n. 理解 ‎10.casual adj. 随意的，非正式的 ‎11.dynamic adj. 精力充沛的 ‎12.typewriter n. 打字机 三、拓展单词 ‎1.constantly adv.不断地→constant adj.不断的；不变的 ‎2.illegal adj.不合法的，违法的→legal adj.合法的 ‎3.commit vt.投入→committed adj.尽责的 ‎4.appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委派→appoint vt.任命，指派；预约，安排 ‎5.guidance n.指导→guide n.向导，导游v.带领，引导 ‎6.wisdom n.智慧→wise adj.明智的，聪明的 ‎7.instant n.片刻，瞬息 adj.瞬间的，立即的，紧急的→instantly adv.即刻地，马上地→instance n.例子；事例；情况 ‎8.surrounding adj.附近的，周围的→surround v.包围，围绕→surroundings n.环境 ‎9.hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇→hesitation n.犹豫，踌躇 ‎10.existence n.存在；生活→exist v.存在 ‎11.comfort n.& vt.(使)安慰，舒适→comfortable adj.安慰的，舒适的 ‎12.operate vi.运转，运作；做手术 vt.操作→operation n.操作，手术→operator n.操作员；接线员 ‎13.respond vi.回复，回答；反应→response n.回复，响应，反应，回答 ‎14.inspect v.审查→inspection n.检查，视察→inspector n.检查员，视察员 ‎15.glory n.荣耀的事，值得骄傲的事→glorious adj.光荣的，荣耀的 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.“帮助”家族 ‎①aid n.& vt.　　　帮助，援助 ‎②help n.& vt. 帮助 ‎③assist vt. 帮助；协助 ‎④assistance n. 帮助；协助 ‎⑤support n.& vt. 支持；帮助 ‎⑥sponsor vt. 赞助 ‎⑦fund vt. 资助 ‎2.“查字典”的表达法 ‎①consult a dictionary ‎②refer to a dictionary ‎③look up a word in a dictionary ‎3.由decrease想到的 decrease to...表示“降到……”‎ decrease by...表示“降了多大幅度”‎ 有类似用法的动词还有：‎ increase，reduce，decline，drop ‎4.由liquid想到的 ‎①fluid n. 流体 ‎②solid n. 固体 ‎③gas n. 气体；燃气 ‎④steam n. 水蒸气 ‎5.说说“七大洲”‎ ‎①Asia 亚洲 ‎②Europe 欧洲 ‎③North America 北美洲 ‎④South America 南美洲 ‎⑤Africa 非洲 ‎⑥Oceania 大洋洲 ‎⑦Antarctica 南极洲 ‎[会应用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.It’s illegal (legal) to read people’s private letters without permission.‎ ‎2.Without hesitation (hesitate) the brave soldier jumped into the lake to save the drowning child.‎ ‎3.I reminded him of the appointment，but he didn’t make any response (respond).‎ ‎4.A country should mainly rely on the strength and wisdom (wise) of its own people.‎ ‎5.It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence (exist).‎ ‎6.The guide led us to the tourism spot and then all our activities took place under her guidance.(guide)‎ ‎7.I made an appointment with my friend Tom yesterday.He told me that he was appointed to a remote village.(appoint)‎ ‎8.Her father is an expert operator.Only he can operate the new machine in the factory.(operate)‎ ‎9.The instant my father received the news that my grandpa became ill，he went to the hospital instantly.(instant)‎ ‎10.“Don’t be disappointed，” he comforted his friend.“Let’s go to the beach and the sunlight and wind will make you more comfortable.That is，you can get more comfort there.”(comfort)‎ Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ ‎1.make_up 　　　　　　　　　编造；组成 ‎2.turn_over 反转 ‎3.go_into_detail(s) 讨论，细谈 ‎4.speak_up 大声地说，自由而大胆地说出 ‎5.take_charge_of 接管，控制 ‎6.make_out 声称；听出，看出 ‎7.sit_up 坐直；熬夜 ‎8.believe_in 信任，信仰 ‎9.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功 ‎10.keep up with 跟上，赶上 ‎11.in case 以防万一；万一 ‎12.above all 最重要的是 ‎13.leave behind 留下……；落在后面 ‎14.due to 由于 ‎15.in addition 此外 ‎16.turn up 出现，到达 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.make短语大集合 ‎①make it　　　　　　成功，达到目的 ‎②make out 辨认出；理解 ‎③make sense of 理解 ‎④make room for 给……腾出地方 ‎2.含all的短语归纳 ‎①after all 到底，毕竟 ‎②first of all 首先 ‎③in all 总共 ‎④all at once 突然；同时；马上 ‎⑤all of a sudden 突然 ‎⑥all the best 万事如意 ‎⑦all the same 尽管如此；仍旧(照样)‎ ‎⑧above all 首先；最重要的是 ‎[会应用]　选用上表左栏短语填空 ‎1.Can you give me some advice on how to make_up for the time I have lost?‎ ‎2.We couldn’t make_out what they were talking about in the next room.‎ ‎3.He devoted most of his time to his training and his effort paid_off eventually in the Olympics.‎ ‎4.Small sailboats can easily turn_over in the water if they are not managed carefully.‎ ‎5.You’d better not believe_in him.He is a cheater.‎ ‎6.Mother set the pace so that her children would keep_up_with her.‎ ‎7.We arranged to meet at 7：30，but she never turned_up.‎ ‎8.If you ask the fast runner to set the pace，then most of the runners will be left_behind.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写 句型公式1：the instant引导时间状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　The instant she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.‎ 她一停止问问题，我就起身走出了房间。‎ ‎[句型仿写]　The_instant_Lu_Han_got_out_of_the_airport，he was surrounded by his fans.‎ 鹿晗一出机场，就被歌迷们围了起来。‎ 句型公式2：find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth ‎[教材原句]　Between now and the 21st century，citizens of the world’s richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。‎ ‎[句型仿写]　Nobody thinks/considers_it_easy_for_you_to_finish the work without outside help.‎ 没有人认为没有外力帮助，你就能轻易地完成那项工作。‎ 句型公式3：not...but...“不是……而是……”‎ ‎[教材原句]　It’s not about making men more like women，but helping men to communicate as well.‎ 其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人同样良好地沟通。‎ ‎[句型仿写]　Sometimes it is not_what_you_say_but_the_way_you_say_it that matters.‎ 有时是你说话的方式而不是你说话的内容才是重要的。‎ 句型公式4：whatever引导让步状语从句 ‎[教材原句]　Whatever I do，it will be with music.‎ 我无论做什么，都与音乐有关。 ‎ ‎[句型仿写]　We will never give up studying，whatever_happens.‎ 无论发生什么事，我们都将不会放弃学习。‎ Ⅳ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ This passage gives the readers a personality test，through 1.which the readers can learn more about their characteristics and find a right job for themselves.It mainly shows you how 2.to_find (find) the right job for yourself.If one of your friends asks for your help 3.on how to write a plot summary for a book report，you could give her a model paragraph，some advice and tell her some 4.useful (use) books’ names.If your boss asks your team to give aid to other people，you may tell everyone in your team to do certain jobs，and try your best to set 5.an example for them.But if something happens you first take charge of the situation，6.keep (keep) calm during your journey and try to get some help to calm others 7.down.In a word，8.whatever happens in your life，you must make 9.yourself keep calm first then try to make a quick and correct decision，and at the same time，try to get other people to aid your 10.decision (decide).‎ Ⅴ.语篇改错—回顾·修正·热诵 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ As a child，Wang Junyan never dreamed of become a famous person on TV because of her family was poor.However，now she was the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes.It was her mother who influenced me very much.After graduating from university，she became reporter for a local newspaper.Once，her report helped the affecting people but assisted the government to catch the guilty people.“Although there isn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence，I find it interested and challenging，” she said.She added that she was constant challenged to learn new thing.‎ 答案 As a child，Wang Junyan never dreamed of a famous person on TV because her family was poor.However，now she the presenter for Universe TV’s news programmes.It was her mother who influenced very much.After ‎ graduating from university，she became) reporter for a local newspaper.Once，her report helped the people assisted the government to catch the guilty people.“Although there isn’t much glory in a reporter’s existence，I find it and challenging，” she said.She added that she was challenged to learn new .‎ ‎[核 心 词 汇]‎ ‎1.reward n.奖赏，回报vt.奖赏；给以报酬 ‎(1)give sb a reward for (doing) sth ‎　　　　　　　因(做)……而得到奖赏 in reward(for) 作为报酬，作为回报 ‎(2)reward sb with sth for (doing) sth ‎ 因(做)某事用某物奖励某人 ‎①He was given a reward for passing the examination.‎ 他因考试及格而获得奖品。‎ ‎②He received a medal in reward for his bravery.‎ ‎→He was rewarded with a medal for his bravery.‎ 他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　reward，award 名词 动词 reward 报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬 多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb for (doing) sth award 奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似 意为“授予，颁发”，常用搭配：award sb sth＝award sth to sb 选用以上词语填空 ‎③Li Ping was rewarded for saving a boy and she was awarded a medal at the conference.‎ 李萍因救了一名男孩而受到了奖励，而且她还在大会上获了奖。‎ ‎2.charge vt.& vi.收费；指控；赋予……职责；充电；使充满(……情绪)n.费用；主管 ‎(1)charge sb for sth　　为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth 控告某人(做)某事 ‎(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……‎ in charge of 控制/管理……‎ in the charge of 受……的管理 free of charge 免费 ‎①As long as you’ve paid in advance，we won’t charge you for delivery.‎ 只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。‎ ‎②The man who had_taken_charge_of the company was charged with taking drugs.‎ 曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。‎ ‎③The company is in the charge of Tom while the boss is away.‎ ‎→Tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away.‎ ‎→Tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away.‎ 汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。‎ ‎[名师指津]　in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责(主管)某事”； in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人主管”。‎ 类似的还有：in control of“控制”，in the control of“由……控制”；in possession of“拥有”，in the possession of“被……拥有”。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ‎④The shaver can be charged and used while travelling.充电 ‎3.consult vt.& vi.请教；查阅；商量 ‎(1)consult sb about sth　　向某人请教/咨询某事 consult with sb about sth 与某人商量某事 consult a dictionary/map 查字典/地图 consult with sb about/on sth 就……与某人交换意见 ‎(2)consultant n. [C]顾问 ‎①We will consult together with advisors about her education.‎ 我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。‎ ‎②When in doubt about the meaning of a word，consult_a_dictionary.‎ 当拿不准词义时，查查词典。‎ ‎③Before we can accept the firm’s offer we must consult_with the workers.‎ 我们与工人们商量后才能接受公司的条件。‎ ‎4.commit vt.投入；使承诺；犯(错误，罪行等)‎ ‎(1)commit sb to (doing) sth　使某人承诺(做)某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth 答应(做)某事 commit suicide/a crime/a murder ‎ 自杀/犯罪/谋杀 ‎(2)commitment n. 承诺；保证；承担义务 make a commitment 作出承诺 ‎①The contract commits him to playing (play) for the team for the next three years.‎ 合同规定，未来的三年里他要为该队效力。‎ ‎②The local government has_committed_large_amounts_of_money_to housing projects.‎ 当地政府已在住宅项目上投入了大量资金。‎ ‎③I felt I did not have to make such a commitment(commit) to them.‎ 我觉得我没有必要对他们作出那样的承诺。‎ ‎5.hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇 ‎(1)hesitate to do sth＝hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth　　　　　　　　对(做)某事犹豫不决 ‎(2)hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 ‎①If there is something else I can do for you，please don’t hesitate to_contact(contact) me.‎ 如果我还能为你做点什么，请马上与我联系。‎ ‎②I hesitate about/in/at/over taking his side until I know the whole story.‎ 我在知道整件事以前犹豫是否支持他。‎ ‎③We have no hesitation(hesitate) in accepting your most generous offer.‎ 我们毫不犹豫地接受你最慷慨的捐赠。‎ ‎6.decrease v.& n.减少，降低 ‎(1)decrease in...　　在……(方面)降低/减少 decrease to... 减少到……‎ decrease by... 减少了……‎ ‎(2)a decrease in 在……(方面)减少 on the decrease 在减少 ‎①In our school the number of students who are addicted to computer games is on the decrease.‎ 在我们学校迷恋网络的学生数目正在下降。‎ ‎②The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.‎ 这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。‎ ‎7.operate vi.运转；运作；做手术，起作用vt.操作；经营 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中operate的含义 ‎①The doctor decided to operate at once.动手术 ‎②The medicine will operate in ten minutes.起作用 ‎③You operate the mechanism by winding this handle.操作 ‎④They operate three factories and a huge warehouse.经营 ‎(1)operate on sb/sth　　　　给……动手术 ‎(2)operation n. 运作；经营；手术 bring/put...into operation 使……运转；实施 sth comes/goes into operation 实施，生效；开始运行 in operation 在运行中，起作用 perform/do an operation 做手术 ‎⑤She was very anxious while her husband was_being_operated_on.‎ 当她丈夫正在接受手术治疗时，她焦虑万分。‎ ‎⑥When the machine is in_operation，keep away from it.‎ 机器运转时，请勿靠近。‎ ‎⑦We must bring/put_the_plan_into_operation as soon as possible.‎ 我们必须尽快让计划实施。‎ ‎[名师指津]　operate可单独使用，用主动形式表示被动意义，这时其后常跟副词well，properly等。‎ ‎8.respond vi.反应；回复，回答 ‎(1)respond to　　　　回答……，对……作出反应 respond that 回应称 ‎(2)response n. 回答；反应；响应 make a/no response to...‎ ‎ 对……给予/没有回答 in response to 作为对……的反应 ‎①The famous film star made no response (respond)to the questions asked by reporters.‎ 那位知名影星没有对记者的提问给予回答。‎ ‎②Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it.‎ 接收到一个信息并不意味着你需要回复。‎ ‎9.bother vt.打扰；烦扰n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人 ‎(1)bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother about/with sth 为某事烦恼 bother to do sth 特意做某事 It bothers sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是 ‎(2)put sb to any bother 给某人添乱 why bother 没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦 ‎①In this kind of high-pressure situation，many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings.‎ 在这种高压情况下，很多领导人频繁开会，从而让员工感到厌烦。‎ ‎②You don’t bother to_get (get)dinner for me today.I’ll eat out.‎ 今天，不要麻烦为我预备饭了，我要在外边吃。‎ ‎③It_bothers_me_to_think_of her alone in that big house.‎ 想到她孤零零地呆在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。‎ ‎[名师指津]　bother作“麻烦”“困难”讲时，是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事物”“讨厌的人”讲时，是可数名词。‎ ‎④He is really a bother，for he is always putting others to bother.‎ 他确实是个极为讨厌的人，总是给别人添堵。‎ ‎10.make up占，形成，构成；编造，虚构；组成；和解，和好；化妆，化装；弥补(for)‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中make up的含义 ‎①It took her more than an hour to make herself up.打扮 ‎②They made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.弥补 ‎③They quarreled the other day but they made up soon.和解 ‎④Don’t make up any excuse for your being late again.编造，虚构 ‎⑤Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.占，构成 ‎⑥Leave this notice hanging on your door，asking the servant to make up your room.‎ 整理 make up for　　弥补，补偿 make up one’s mind ‎ 下定决心 make out (费力)理解；假装；辨认出；看清楚 make it 取得成功；准时到达；做到了 be made up of 由……组成 ‎⑦The flight leaves in twenty minutes—We’ll never make_it.‎ 再过二十分钟飞机就要起飞了，咱们无论如何也赶不上了。‎ ‎⑧I could hear voices but I couldn’t make_out what they are saying.‎ 我能听到说话的声音，却听不清他们在说什么。‎ ‎11.pay off得到好结果，取得成功；还清；(付清工资后)解雇 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中pay off的含义 ‎①It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.还清 ‎②Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence paid off.得到好的结果 ‎③Another two employees have been paid off by the boss because of playing computer games at work.(付清工资后)解雇 ‎④Did your daring plan pay off？取得成功 pay back　　　　偿还；报复 pay for 付……的钱；遭受惩罚 pay a visit to 参观……；看望……‎ ‎⑤I’ll certainly pay_you_back for what you did to me!‎ 你那样对待我，我一定会回敬你！‎ ‎⑥If you don’t work hard now，you’ll pay_for_it later when you fail your exams.‎ 如果你现在不努力学习，到考试不及格时就得为此付出代价。‎ ‎[名师指津]　pay off当“(努力、辛苦)取得好结果，得到回报”讲时，为不及物动词短语，在句中用主动语态。‎ ‎12.in case万一；以防 in case of...　　　　假使……，在……情况下 in any case 无论如何 in no case 绝不，在任何情况下都不 in this/that case 如果是这样/那样 in the case of... 就……而言 as is often the case 这是常有的事 ‎①We have to go past your house in_any_case，so we’ll take you home.‎ 不管怎样，我们都要经过你家，所以我们会送你回去。‎ ‎②Take an umbrella with you in case it rains.‎ ‎→Take an umbrella with you in case of rain.‎ ‎→It may rain；take an umbrella in case.‎ 带把伞以防下雨。‎ ‎[名师指津]　‎ ‎(1)in case后跟状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，有时可用“should＋动词原形”。而in case of后跟名词，不跟从句。‎ ‎(2)in no case位于句首时，句子部分倒装。‎ ‎③In no case should_the_patient be allowed to get up until he has recovered from his illness.‎ 病人要痊愈才能起床。‎ ‎[重 点 句 型]‎ Between now and the 21st century，citizens of the world’s richest and most advanced nations will find_it_more_and_more_difficult to keep up with the demand for change.‎ 从现在开始到21世纪，这个世界上最富有和最先进的国家的公民会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。‎ ‎(1)句中使用了“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth”‎ 结构。其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语“to keep up with the demand for change”，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。‎ ‎①His decision made it possible for us to_finish (finish) the work by four o’clock this afternoon.‎ 他的决定使我们在今天下午四点以前完成工作成为可能。‎ ‎(2)it作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：‎ ‎②He said a lot but didn’t make it clear when_and_where_the_meeting_would_be_held.‎ 他说了很多但还没有说明白这个会议什么时候在哪里召开。‎ ‎③We consider it necessary that_we_should_have_a_good_command_of_a_foreign_language.‎ 我们认为精通一门外语是很有必要的。‎ ‎[当 堂 达 标]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.There was something in her attitude that bothered (使不安)him.‎ ‎2.He hesitated (犹豫)for a while before he made the phone call.‎ ‎3.Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is operating (运作).‎ ‎4.When I used his telephone，he charged (收费) me nothing.‎ ‎5.Experts suggest people should decrease (减少) the amount of fat they eat.‎ ‎6.We have to consult (商量) together about what to do next.‎ ‎7.She was given a medal as a reward (奖赏) for her service.‎ ‎8.The president responded (回应)to this with a blistering attack on his critic.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.In response (respond) to complaints，the company reviewed its safety procedures.‎ ‎2.I also hope that the great efforts I am making will pay off.‎ ‎3.Because of water pollution，some fishes have been on the decrease.‎ ‎4.To my surprise，she got nothing in reward for her kindness.‎ ‎5.A thinking person must commit himself to working (work) for peace.‎ ‎6.We were at your service.Don’t hesitate to_turn (turn) to us if you have any questions.‎ ‎7.In case he arrives (arrive) before I get back，please call me.‎ ‎8.No matter how busy he is，he makes it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1.The teacher asked the students to make out short dialogues by themselves.out→up ‎2.The production cost of these trucks has decreased to one third compared to last year.第一个to→by ‎3.In my opinion，it’s not the passengers but the driver that are to blame.are→is ‎4.The doctor in the charge of the operation was taken to the police station to give an explanation of the medical accident.去掉第二个the ‎5.He consulted with his dictionary to look up the meaning of the word “consult”.去掉with Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1.In fact，I still find it is hard to arrive there on time.‎ ‎→In fact，I still find it hard to arrive there on time.‎ ‎2.The whole company will be in the charge of Tom next week.‎ ‎→Tom will be in charge of the whole company next week.‎ ‎3.Without any hesitation，he jumped into the river to save the drowning young woman.‎ ‎→He had no hesitation in jumping into the river to save the drowning young woman.‎ ‎4.I want to know why he didn’t respond to my suggestion.‎ ‎→I want to know why he made no response to my suggestion.‎ ‎[课 下 作 业]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.She tried to commit (犯，做出)suicide on several occasions.‎ ‎2.Standing in the watchtower，we admired the surrounding (周围的)scenes.‎ ‎3.He makes it a rule to give a summary (总结) report of the day’s events.‎ ‎4.Under his guidance (指导)，we finished the work smoothly.‎ ‎5.To this day，any quarrel (争吵) between my husband and me must be cleared up at once.‎ ‎6.Just for an instant (瞬息) I thought he was going to refuse.‎ ‎7.We need a confident leader to overcome(战胜) these difficulties.‎ ‎8.Few，if any，Americans grasp (领会) the significance of what have been accomplished.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.It’s not you but he that is (be) to blame for the accident.‎ ‎2.Li Ling and Tao Le quarrelled with each other about/over the style of their wedding.‎ ‎3.After he retired，his work was turned over to the secretary.‎ ‎4.Do you know when this kind of robots came into existence(exist)?‎ ‎5.He switched on the light and examined his surroundings (surround).‎ ‎6.The spring water is safe to_drink (drink).Just help yourself.‎ ‎7.Don’t bother your deskmate about/with the math problem.Try to work it out by yourself.‎ ‎8.We live in a world in which only the strongest can make it to the top.‎ Ⅲ.选词填空 make out，in case，turn up, pay off, in addition，take charge of, keep up with，make up ‎1.The old man reads papers to keep_up_with what’s happening in the outside world.‎ ‎2.The naughty student is always making_up a story to explain why he is absent.‎ ‎3.We invited her to dinner，but she didn’t turn_up at all.‎ ‎4.His efforts paid_off and now his company operates very well.‎ ‎5.Can you make_out what he is trying to say?‎ ‎6.It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in_case we got worried.‎ ‎7.Don’t talk about age or salary.In_addition，questions about religious beliefs are also avoided for Westerners.‎ ‎8.Many people offered to take_charge_of the homeless children in the earthquake.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1.It’s not_your_words_but_what_you_did that made me angry.‎ 不是你的话，而是你做的事让我生气。‎ ‎2.Even now I still find_it_hard_to_believe_her_story.‎ 即使到现在，我发现仍难以相信她的故事。‎ ‎3.Whatever_reasons_you_have，you should carry out your promise.‎ 无论你有什么理由，你都应当遵守诺言。‎ ‎4.The_instant_he_arrived_in_Beijing，he came to visit us.‎ 他一到北京，就来看望我们。‎ ‎5.You may borrow this book as/so_long_as_you_promise_to_give_it_back.‎ 只要你答应归还，你就可以把这本书借走。‎ Ⅴ.阅读理解 A decade ago，secondary and higher education was prized above all else.Apprenticeships (学徒工作) were viewed as an option for dropouts rather than a daring career choice.And the young men and women who didn’t fit into the school system，preferring to create start-ups and focus on making a living in the business world，were dismissed as wheeler-dealers (投机者).‎ Now there’re_no_birds_of_this_year_in_last_year’s_nests.Young people are being encouraged to think carefully about whether academia is right for them—this trend has been fuelled by rising university fees and a global shortage of many skills that were passed over in schools in recent years，ranging from web development to sales.‎ Young people are required to stay in some kind of education or training until they are 18，but this learning may now take many forms.The Government runs its own ‎ platform to help interested youths find an apprenticeship that suits their skills and ambitions.‎ Tom Hartley，who runs a high-end performance and classic car business based in Derbyshire，founded his first company at just 12 years old.“I had no school education，” he says.“Business was how I learned everything.I call it the Hartley University of Life.”‎ His business，43 years on，turns over￡ 200m，and sells cars to high-net-worth individuals across the globe，from Hollywood celebrities to foreign royalty.Many years ago，Hartley was asked to explain why he had chosen to be self-educated and why he had supported his son Carl’s decision to leave school and join the family business instead.‎ ‎“I got a lot of criticism at the time，” he says.“I tried to explain that you can’t teach gut feelings (直觉) on a blackboard and that school is fine if you want to be a doctor or fly a rocket to the moon but otherwise it’s all about experience in business.”‎ ‎[语篇解读]　这是一篇社会类文章。十年前，人们很重视中、高等教育，学徒工作被认为是辍学者的一种选择。而如今，情况已发生了改变，年轻人被鼓励认真思考学术是否适合他们。‎ ‎1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 indicate?‎ A.The situation above has changed.‎ B.Education is no more important nowadays.‎ C.Things change for the worse for dropouts.‎ D.University fees are becoming higher and higher.‎ 答案　A　[句意理解题。根据第一段的内容及第二段中的“Young people are being encouraged to think carefully about whether academia is right for them...ranging from web development to sales”可知，此处指的应是第一段中所讲述的情况随着时间的推移发生了变化。所以A项正确。]‎ ‎2.Which statement may the author agree with?‎ A.Education is the only way to success.‎ B.Education systems change from time to time.‎ C.School dropouts could be future business stars.‎ D.School dropouts were common among youngsters.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。文章第二、三段告诉我们，如今不擅长学术的年轻人被鼓励放弃接受教育而开始创业。第四、五段指出，Tom Hartley 12岁就开始创业，并且他的汽车生意经营得很成功。由此可知，昔日的辍学者未来可能会在商界取得成功。故选C。]‎ ‎3.What does the author say about Tom Hartley?‎ A.He attaches more value to experience than to education.‎ B.He was supported in founding his first company.‎ C.He is well-educated and far-sighted.‎ D.He is brave and open-minded.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“founded his first company at just 12 years old”可知，小小年纪就创业，Tom应该是很勇敢的；再根据第五段中的“he had supported ...”可知，支持自己儿子辍学经商的Tom是开明的，故选D。]‎ ‎4.How does the author prove his view?‎ A.By giving an example. B.By making a comparison.‎ C.By analyzing causes. D.By listing figures.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者主要是通过列举Tom Hartley的成功故事来说明他的观点的。故选A。]‎ Ⅵ.完形填空 I worked on boats for twenty five years.Now I am a docking pilot (码头领航员).My job is to __1__ in the large luxury liners (邮轮) and stay with them until they are __2__ stopped in the harbour.Sometimes this requires two tugs (拖船)，sometimes many more，__3__ the tide and the weather.‎ Most of you no __4__ have seen these tugs pushing and pulling at the big liners.What they are doing doesn’t seem to make much __5__，as the minute the big boat is alongside the port，her heavy rope made fast，the job is __6__.‎ I felt very __7__ after I had docked several of the large liners.I realized I was in _8_ of a great ship worth millions of dollars and the _9_ were depending on me to bring her safely to the port.These tugs，whether one or ten，_10_ about in accord with ‎ (与……一致) whistle signals. I _11_ them from the bridge of the big liner.These signals make up a language that is just as _12_ as the spoken word，or even more so，_13_ our docking signals are hardly misunderstood.The captain of each tug does his work according to the signals he _14_.He never asks questions.He takes _15_ faithfully，and it _16_ works out.‎ Working around tugboats，where so much depends on _17_，has had its effect on what I believe.I believe that if I am to attain a(n) _18_ place in the world I must have the help of my fellow men just as the great transatlantic (横越大西洋的) liners depend on the _19_ of the little tugs to bring them safely to the _20_.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　“我”是一名码头领航员，主要负责将轮船安全地引入港口。在“我”的口哨信号下，数艘拖船前拖后推，协同工作，总能顺利完成任务。协同工作是成功完成任务的关键。‎ ‎1.A.put B.push C.bring D.join 答案　C　[根据前句“Now I am a docking pilot (码头领航员)”可知，“我”现在是一名码头领航员；据此可以判断，“我”的工作是将大型邮轮领进港口。故C项正确。]‎ ‎2.A.safely B.dangerously C.immediately D.illegally 答案　A　[根据语境并结合第三段第二句中的“safely”可知，“我”要一直在邮轮上直到它们安全停泊在港口。A项意为“安全地”，故A项正确。]‎ ‎3.A.adding to B.letting alone C.thinking of D.depending on 答案　D　[根据该句中的“Sometimes this requires two tugs (拖船)，sometimes many more”可知，有时候需要两个拖船，有时候需要更多，这取决于潮汐和天气。D项意为“依靠，取决于”，故D项正确。]‎ ‎4.A.wonder B.doubt C.need D.exception 答案　B　[根据语境可知，此处表示“你们中的大部分人很可能见过拖船推拉大油轮的情景”。no doubt为固定搭配，意为“无疑，很可能”。]‎ ‎5.A.sense B.profit C.progress D.advance 答案　A　[根据该句中的“as the minute the big boat is alongside the port，her heavy rope made fast”可知，拖船工作看起来似乎没有多大作用。make sense为固定搭配，意为“有意义，起作用”。]‎ ‎6.A.prepared B.lost C.planned D.done 答案　D　[根据该句中的“the big boat is alongside the port，her heavy rope made fast”可知，此处表示船到达港口，工作就完成了。D项意为“完成的”，故D项正确。]‎ ‎7.A.bored B.meaningless C.important D.tired 答案　C　[根据后句中的“a great ship worth millions of dollars”可知，“我”感到“我”的工作十分重要。C项意为“重要的”，故C项正确。A项意为“厌烦的”；B项意为“无意义的”；D项意为“疲劳的”。]‎ ‎8.A.control B.praise C.defence D.place 答案　A　[根据语境可知，“我”管理的邮轮价值数百万美元。be in control of为固定搭配，意为“控制，管理”，故A项正确。]‎ ‎9.A.clerks B.sportsmen C.readers D.owners 答案　D　[根据语境可知，船的主人要依靠“我”将价值数百万美元的船安全带进港口。D项意为“主人，所有者”，故D项正确。]‎ ‎10.A.look B.move C.hear D.worry 答案　B　[根据该句中的“in accord with(与……一致) whistle signals”可知，这些拖船要根据“我”的口哨信号移动。故B项正确。]‎ ‎11.A.write B.send C.mail D.bring 答案　B　[根据语境可知，“我”在大邮轮上给这些拖船发出口哨信号。B项意为“传达，告知”，故B项正确。]‎ ‎12.A.dependable B.incredible C.doubtful D.visible 答案　A　[根据该句中的“our docking signals are hardly misunderstood”‎ 可知，由口哨声组成的这种语言跟话语一样可信。A项意为“可信赖的，可靠的”，故A项正确。B项意为“难以置信的”；C项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“可见的”。]‎ ‎13.A.though B.if C.while D.because 答案　D　[根据语境可知，由于“我”的停船信号非常容易理解，所以这种口哨语言和话语一样可信。空处前后为因果关系，故用because。]‎ ‎14.A.gives B.spreads C.receives D.passes 答案　C　[每艘拖船的船长根据他所收到的信号进行工作。C项意为“接收”，故C项正确。A项意为“给出”，B项意为“传播”，D项意为“传递”，都与语境不符。]‎ ‎15.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything 答案　D　[根据前句“He never asks questions”可知，船长忠实地执行一切信号指令，并且工作总是干得好。D项意为“一切，所有事物”，故D项正确。]‎ ‎16.A.never B.ever C.always D.seldom 答案　C　[参加上题解析。C项意为“总是，经常”，故C项正确。A项意为“从不”；B项意为“曾经”；D项意为“很少”。]‎ ‎17.A.imagination B.creation C.teamwork D.performance 答案　C　[根据上段内容可知，拖船的船长要根据“我”的口哨信号工作，一般是几艘拖船一起工作才能将轮船引入港口；据此可知，拖船的工作要依靠团队协作。C项意为“协同工作”，故C项正确。A项意为“想象”；B项意为“创造”；D项意为“表演”。]‎ ‎18.A.successful B.frustrating C.regretful D.embarrassing 答案　A　[根据语境可知，如果“我”要在世界上取得事业上的成功，那么“我”肯定要得到同伴们的帮助，就如在小拖船的帮助下，那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口一样。A项意为“成功的”，故A项正确。]‎ ‎19.A.prevention B.help C.objection D.delay 答案　B　[参见上题解析。故B项正确。]‎ ‎20.A.airport B.station C.port D.stop 答案　C　[根据上文第二段最后一句中的“port”并结合语境可知，此处表示在小拖船的帮助下，那些横越大西洋的巨轮才能安全驶入港口。C项意为“港口”，故C项正确。]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 In between running one of the world’s largest charitable agencies and acting as Microsoft’s technology advisor，Bill Gates manages to find time to read books，both long and short.Now Gates—who has been labeled a “greedy” reader—has released a list of his favorite books.All of the books are standout reads，according to the billionaire，most of which are focused on business and economy.‎ Here are Bill’s top four picks (with parts of his full review of each book).‎ Business Adventures，by John Brooks Brooks’ collection was published in 1969 and remains one of Gates’ favorites.He re-read it again this year，labeling it the best business book he has ever read.‎ ‎“Shortly after we met，Warren Buffett lent me this collection of business articles from The New Yorker from the 1950s and 1960s.I loved them as much as he did.Brooks’ insights (洞察力) into business have aged beautifully，and they are as true today as ever.”‎ Capital in the Twenty-First Century，by Thomas Piketty Piketty’s novel hit the shelves in August 2013 and sparked much discussion concerning income inequality throughout this year.Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic.‎ ‎“As I told him，although I have concerns about some of his secondary points and policy prescriptions，I agree with his most important conclusions: inequality is a growing problem and governments should play a role in reducing it.”‎ How Asia Works，by Joe Studwell Studwell’s work，which was published in May 2014，addresses how countries such ‎ as Japan，South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth，and why other countries have failed to do the same.‎ ‎“The agriculture section of the book was particularly insightful.It provided ample food for thought for me as well as the whole Agriculture team at our foundation.And it left us thinking about whether parts of the Asian model can apply in Africa.”‎ Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization，by Vaclav Smil Smil’s books are a constant favorite of the Microsoft’s founder—one of his books makes Gates’ list almost every year.“Making the Modern World” came out late in 2013 and explores the global use of materials，from silicon to wood and plastic.‎ ‎“If anyone tries to tell you we’re using fewer materials，send him this book.With his usual skepticism and his love of data，Smil shows how our ability to make things with fewer materials—say，soda cans that need less aluminum—makes them cheaper，which actually encourages more production.”‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文介绍了比尔·盖茨喜欢阅读的四本关于商业和经济的书。‎ ‎1.The books mentioned in the text are all about __________.‎ A.charity in the world B.business and economy C.poverty in the world D.Bill Gates’ life experience 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“All of the books are standout reads，according to the billionaire，most of which are focused on business and economy”可知，比尔·盖茨喜欢的这些书都是优秀读物，其中大部分书与商业和经济有关，故B项正确。]‎ ‎2.Of the books，__________ is best praised by Bill Gates.‎ A.How Asia Works B.Capital in the Twenty-First Century C.Business Adventures D.Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“He re-read it again this ‎ year，labeling it the best business book he has ever read”可知，Business Adventures这本书是最受比尔·盖茨称赞的，故C项正确。]‎ ‎3.Gates once had a personal discussion with the author of __________.‎ A.Capital in the Twenty-First Century B.Business Adventures C.How Asia Works D.Making the Modern World: Materials and Dematerialization 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“Gates also got to sit down with Piketty himself after reading the non-fiction work to discuss the topic”可知，比尔·盖茨和Capital in the Twenty-First Century这本书的作者坐下来交谈过，故A项正确。]‎ ‎4.In How Asia Works，the author analyses __________.‎ A.why African agriculture cannot develop fast B.how they can apply Asian economic model in African countries C.why Asia is slow in agricultural development D.how some Asian countries have rapidly grown in economy 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第七段中的“addresses how countries such as Japan，South Korea and China have continued to achieve high growth”可知，How Asia Works主要介绍了一些亚洲国家如日本、韩国和中国是如何快速发展经济的，故D项正确。]‎ Ⅱ.七选五 Everyone makes mistakes.__1__ Making a mistake at work，however，can be more serious.It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the company’s bottom line.Evil consequences will finally come down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.When you make a mistake at work your career may depend on what you do next.‎ Admit your mistake.‎ Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is that you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise，don’t try to hide your mistake.__2__‎ Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake.‎ When you go to your boss to admit your mistake，you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved.‎ Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake.‎ ‎__3__ Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to your boss.‎ ‎__4__‎ There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.Take responsibility but don’t blame yourself for making it，especially in public.‎ Correct your mistake on your own time.‎ If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake，don’t expect to be paid for that time.__5__‎ A.Apologize for your mistake but don’t beat yourself up.‎ B.Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on.‎ C.You can use your lunch hour or come into work early.‎ D.Pointing fingers won’t help you if you make a mistake.‎ E.Strengthen your friendship with your boss.‎ F.You’ll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you.‎ G.You will look terrible if someone else discovers it.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　每个人都会犯错误，但是在工作中犯错常常导致严重后果。如何改正工作中所犯的错误呢？本文给出了五点建议。‎ ‎1.B　[根据空处前句“每个人都会犯错误”并结合下文的“Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option”可知，空处与下文对应，故此处应选B。你通常会改正错误，或者干脆忘记它继续前行。]‎ ‎2.G　[由空前一句可知，不要掩盖错误；据此可以判断，选G项，陈述掩盖错误的后果。]‎ ‎3.D　[根据该段标题“Don’t blame anyone else for your mistake”‎ 可知，不要为你的错误指责他人；据此可知，该段主要阐述“不要推卸责任”这一建议，故选D项。]‎ ‎4.A　[根据该段的第一句“There’s a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it”可知，该段主要阐述“为自己的错误道歉但是不要太责怪自己”，故选A项。]‎ ‎5.C　[根据该段标题“Correct your mistake on your own time”可知，该段主要阐述“用自己的时间去改正错误”这一建议；C项中的“your lunch hour or come into work early”与“your own time”对应，故C项正确。]‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·广东七校联考)My husband and I were paying a visit 1.________ my parents in Tucson.We went to a fast food restaurant for dinner together.My husband went to the counter 2.________ (order) dishes and I stood with my parents.‎ My dad was 90 years old.He could hardly see very well and walked with a stick.I was scanning the restaurant，3.________ (wait) to sit at the first table that was 4.________ (convenient) than others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her.With a 5.________ (puzzle) look on my face，I pointed to myself and said，“Me？”She 6.________ (nod)and said，“Yes，you.”I walked to the table and she said，“Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter.My son is in 7.________ hurry to leave anyway.”My eyes 8.________ (fill) with tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat.‎ I always believe that there are 9.________ (nature) kind people in this world.This woman has set a good example to her son，10.________ is a really lucky guy.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。我和丈夫以及我的父母在一家饭店准备就餐，父亲九十岁的高龄，行动不便，一位女士主动让座，这让我感到了世界的美好。‎ ‎1.to　[句意：我和我的丈夫去Tucson拜访我的父母。pay a visit to sb为固定搭配，意为“拜访某人”。]‎ ‎2.to order　[我的丈夫去柜台订餐，我和我的父母在一起站着。空处表示去柜台的目的，故用动词不定式。]‎ ‎3.waiting　‎ ‎[空处和句子谓语动词之间无连词，应用非谓语动词；I与wait之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。]‎ ‎4.more convenient　[根据该句中的“than”可知，空处用形容词的比较级。]‎ ‎5.puzzled　[空处修饰“look”，表示人的表情，故用形容词puzzled。]‎ ‎6.nodded　[根据该句中的“said”可知，这里陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎7.a　[in a hurry为固定搭配，意为“匆忙”，故用不定冠词。]‎ ‎8.were filled　[该句主语为my eyes，和动词fill之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]‎ ‎9.naturally　[空处修饰形容词kind，故用副词naturally。]‎ ‎10.who　[分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为her son，故用who。]‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2018·湖北八校联考)It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school.After registered in the classroom，the volunteer took me to my dormitory.Altogether I had five roommates，two of which arrived later.I got to know my new roommate immediately.Although I was quite unwilling to say “Goodbye” to my father，but he had to leave to home.I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently.Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun.‎ 答案 It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I into my new high school.After in the classroom， volunteer took me to my dormitory.Altogether I had five roommates，two of arrived later.I got to know my new immediately.Although I was quite unwilling to say“Goodbye” to my father，或 he had to leave home.I suddenly realized I had grown up and ‎ that I had to look after and live independently.Not until then) I know my senior high school life had begun.‎