2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：Unit 16　Stories

2021届高三英语北师大版一轮总复习教师用书：Unit 16　Stories

www.ks5u.com Unit 16　Stories ‎1．plain adj. 朴素的；简单的 　2.elegant adj. 文雅的；漂亮的 ‎3．grey/gray adj. 灰色的；灰白的 ‎4．pale adj. 苍白的；灰白的 ‎5．fair adj. (肤色)白皙的 6.figure n. 体形；身材 ‎7．overweight adj. 超重的；过重的 ‎8．slim adj. 苗条的 ‎9．sympathetic adj. 同情的 10.indifferent adj. 冷漠的 ‎11．facial adj. 面部的 12.cheerful adj. 兴高采烈的 ‎13．desperate adj. 绝望的 14.numb adj. 麻木的 ‎15．frightened/scared adj. 害怕的 ‎16．embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 ‎1．express/convey one's thanks to　表达对……的感激 ‎2．have/take a positive attitude to life　以积极的态度对待生活 ‎3．in favour of　支持；赞成 ‎4．develop an interest in　培养在某方面的兴趣 ‎5．enjoy/fancy doing sth.　喜爱做某事 ‎6．go in for　参加，爱好 ‎7．have a taste for　对……有兴趣 ‎8．have a preference/fancy for　喜爱 ‎9．in one's spare time　在某人业余时间 ‎10．prefer...to　(比起……来)更喜欢 ‎1．As far as I'm concerned, my mother is always helping our neighbours or strangers, which makes her gain good honors in our village.‎ 就我而言，我的母亲总是帮助我们的邻居或陌生人，这使她在我们的村子里获得了良好的声誉。‎ ‎2．Born in America, in June, 1880, Helen Keller was one of the greatest women in the 20th century.‎ 海伦·凯勒于1880年6月出生于美国，是二十世纪最杰出的女性之一。‎ ‎3．Though she had lost her job, she adopted a positive attitude to life.‎ 尽管她失去工作，她生活态度仍然积极。‎ ‎1．Most people know that Marie Curie was the_first_woman_to_win_the_Nobel_Prize,_and the first person to win it twice.‎ 许多人都知道居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女士，同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。‎ ‎2．In many countries in the world, women are_looked_down_upon.‎ 在世界上许多国家，女性是被瞧不起的。‎ ‎3．Life is_measured_by thought and action, not by time.‎ 人生的意义要以思想和行为来衡量，而非生命之长短。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 教材单词 写准并记牢 高考与教材 Ⅰ.重点单词 ‎1．abandon vt. 放弃；遗弃 ‎2．witness vt. 目击；为……作证 n. 目击者；见证人 ‎3．occur vi. 发生 ‎4．loss n. 遗失，丢失 ‎5．gather vi.& vt. 聚集 ‎6．burst vi. 爆炸；冲，闯 ‎7．suffering n. 痛苦；困难 ‎8．eager adj. 渴望的，热衷的 ‎9．expand vt. 扩大，扩充 ‎10．apparent adj. 明显的；显而易见的 ‎11．warmth n. 温暖 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1．trouble n. 麻烦→troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的 ‎2．gradual adj. 逐渐的→gradually adv. 逐渐地 ‎3．applaud vt. 鼓掌→applause n. 鼓掌，喝彩 ‎4．preserve vt. 保护，保存→preservation n. 保护，保存 ‎5．sympathy n. 同情→sympathetic ‎ ‎1.(2019·北京卷)Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to_gather (gather) a group of the most talented individuals.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages.‎ ‎3．(2018·天津卷)It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage people from spending—“bad” tables, crowding, high prices—don't necessarily.‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏卷)Farmers get a more sustainable and fair farm economy by expanding (expand) farmland conservation.‎ ‎6．(2018·天津卷)Six months after suffering (suffer) our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to improve.‎ ‎7．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Over 300 years its population grew gradually (gradual) from 800 people to 8‎ adj. 同情的，有同情心的 ‎6．significant adj. 重大的；有意义的→significance n. 重要性；意义 ‎7．admire vt. 赞赏；钦佩→admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；极佳的 ‎8．former adj. 以前的→latter adj. 后半部分的 n. 后者 ‎9．fantasy n. 想象；幻想→fantastic adj. 荒诞的，奇异的；出色的 ‎10．particular adj. 特别的；挑剔的→particularly adv. 特别地；特定地 ‎11．origin n. 起源；开端；出身→original adj. 最初的；起先的；独创的 ‎12．bear vi. 容忍，忍受→bearable adj. 可忍受的→unbearable adj. 不能忍受的 ‎13．certain adj. 确定的；某一→certainty n. 必然；确实；确实的事情→uncertain adj. 不确定的 ‎14．discourage vt. 使泄气；使灰心→discouraged adj. 泄气的→discouraging adj. 使人沮丧的，令人气馁的 Ⅲ.阅读单词 ‎1．biography n．　　传记　　　　　　　2.victim n．　　 　 　受害者 ‎3．criteria pl.n. (评判的)标准 ‎ ‎ million.‎ ‎8．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Blueberries are particularly (particular) high in antioxidants. The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in carotenoids.‎ ‎9．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Many buildings on the campus are his original (origin) creations.‎ ‎4.tremble vt. 颤抖，发抖 ‎5．awesome adj. 令人敬畏的 6.authentic adj. 原作的；真正的 ‎7．characteristic adj. 典型的 8.sorrow n. 悲伤，难过 ‎9．specific adj. 详细的；特定的 10.abnormal adj. 反常的，不正常的 ‎11．hardship n. 艰苦，困苦 12.tease vt. 嘲笑，取笑 ‎13．superb adj. 出色的，卓越的 14.severe adj. 严重的；严厉的 ‎15．stubborn adj. 倔强的，固执的 16.straightforward adj. 直接的，坦率的 ‎17．complex adj. 复杂的 18.sweetness n. 甜蜜，温柔 ‎19．tiresome adj. 讨厌的；令人厌倦的 ‎20．awkward adj. 笨拙的；令人不舒服的 ‎21．breakthrough n. 突破，重大发现 ‎ 教材短语 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.once_upon_a_time 从前 ‎2．block_out 堵住 ‎3．come_into_view 出现 ‎4．knock_sb._over 撞倒某人 ‎5．in_a_way 从某种程度上说 ‎6．on_one's_side 侧身；在某人一边 ‎7．put_up_with 容忍，忍受 ‎8．in_particular 特别；尤其 ‎9．split_up 断绝关系；分成小部分 ‎10．name...after 以……命名 ‎11．come_across 偶然遇见；被理解；遇见 ‎12．hold_up 支撑起；延误，推迟 ‎13．refer_to 查阅；提到；涉及；提交 ‎14．count_on 依靠；指望；确信 ‎15．figure_out 理解；算出；想出；解决 ‎1.(2018·浙江卷)Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To figure out how much power these devices are using, these experts tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life.‎ ‎ 教材句式 写准并记牢 高考与教材 ‎1.as if引导表语从句“好像/似乎……”‎ Another man, lying on his side, looks_as_if_he_is_trying_to_get_up.‎ 另外一个人躺在他身边，看起来好像他正准备起床。‎ ‎2．now that引导的原因状语从句“既然，由于……”‎ ‎1.(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion unless_he_wants_their_support (除非他想得到他们的支持)．‎ ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Now_that_you_know_why_you Now_that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.‎ 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。‎ ‎3．unless引导条件状语从句“除非……；如果不”‎ Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless_I_touched_it.‎ 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手去摸，我就什么都不理解。‎ ‎4．think it＋形容词＋that从句或to do sth.“认为……(是)……”‎ I thought_it_strange_that my teacher could not show me love.‎ 我认为我的老师不能向我表示什么是爱是奇怪的。‎ ‎5．It/This is/was the＋序数词＋time＋(that)＋主语＋has/had done...“这是某人第……次……”‎ It_was_the_first_time Helen had_understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch.‎ 这是海伦第一次理解这么复杂的单词——一个代表她触碰不到的东西的单词。‎ ‎_want_to_wake_up (既然你知道你为什么想醒来), consider rearranging your morning activities.‎ ‎1．“真的/地”很多 ‎①real adj. 真实的；实际的 ‎②really adv. 确实；真正地 ‎③true adj. 真实的；正确的 adv. 真实地 ‎④genuine adj. 真正的；真实的 ‎⑤authentic adj. 真正的；原作的 ‎⑥indeed adv. 真正地；确实 ‎2．趣味合成词荟萃 ‎①breakthrough n. 突破 ‎②pickpocket n. 扒手 ‎③daybreak n. 破晓 ‎④sunrise n. 日出 ‎⑤webpage n. 网页 ‎3．有关“价值”的形容词 ‎①valuable 有价值的 ‎②worth 有……价值的 ‎③worthy 有价值的 ‎④priceless 无价的；极其珍贵的 ‎⑤worthless/valueless 无价值的 ‎⑥precious 宝贵的，珍贵的 ‎4．后缀some表示“充满的，具有倾向的”‎ ‎①tiresome 讨厌的；令人厌倦的 ‎②troublesome 引起麻烦的 ‎③awesome 令人敬畏的 ‎④handsome 英俊的，健美的 ‎⑤quarrelsome 喜欢争吵的，动辄吵架的 ‎⑥lonesome 寂寞的；荒凉的 ‎5．“v.＋on”短语集萃 ‎①count on 依靠 ‎②take on 呈现；雇佣 ‎③carry on 继续进行 ‎④turn on 打开(开关)‎ ‎⑤insist on 坚持 ‎⑥hold on 别挂电话；等一等 ‎⑦call on 号召；呼吁 ‎⑧depend on 依靠；依赖 ‎6．常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语 ‎①be of significance＝be significant ‎②be of importance＝be important ‎③be of value＝be valuable ‎④be of help＝be helpful ‎⑤be of use＝be useful ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．abandon vt. 遗弃；抛弃；丢弃；放弃；中止；(与oneself 连用)使放纵，使听任 n. 放任；放纵 I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other lesscompetitive event.‎ 我希望可以废弃运动会并由一些竞争不太激烈的项目代替。‎ ‎(1)abandon one's hope/plan 放弃希望/计划 abandon oneself to... 沉湎于……，纵情于……‎ abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 with abandon 放纵地；放任地 ‎(2)abandoned adj. 无约束的；放荡的 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The house was_abandoned (abandon), full of broken glass and rubbish.‎ ‎②Those who abandon themselves to despair can't succeed.‎ ‎③The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.‎ ‎④Many young people in big cities decided to abandon buying (buy) a house because of high price.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Many students abandon_themselves_to/are_abandoned_to the computer games nowadays, which worries their parents a lot.‎ 如今很多学生迷恋于电脑游戏，这让他们的父母很担心。‎ ‎2．come into view 出现；映入眼帘 Suddenly, the spaceship slowed down and immediately the system came into view.‎ 突然，太空船放慢速度，星系马上出现在眼前。‎ come into 继承(遗产)；进入　come into use 开始使用 come into effect 生效 come into being 产生，形成 come into power 当权 come into action 开始行动 完成句子 ‎①As we turned the corner, the town came_into_view.‎ 我们一拐过弯就看见那个城镇了。‎ ‎②No one knows exactly how humans came_into_being.‎ 没人确切知道人类是怎样产生的。‎ ‎3．preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 n．保护区 In a way, Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.‎ 从某种程度上说庞培古城如同一粒时间胶囊，保存了历史上被封存了的瞬间。‎ ‎(1)preserve sb./sth from... 保护某人/某物免于……‎ preserve sth.＋adj.把某物保存得……‎ ‎(2)preservation n．保护，保存 in an excellent state of preservation 保存完好 完成句子 ‎①Pantanal is one of the world's great wildlife_preserves.‎ 潘塔纳尔是世界上最大的野生动物保护区之一。‎ ‎②We should take measures to_preserve_the_environment_from pollution.‎ 我们应该采取措施保护环境免受污染。‎ ‎③In this nature_preserve,_all the rare plants are wellpreserved.‎ 在这个自然保护区中，所有的稀有植物都保存良好。‎ ‎4．witness n. 目击者；证人；证据 vt. 见证；目击 The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes. ‎ 这本书写于1946年，自此以后教育体系发生了巨大的变化。‎ ‎(1)a witness to ……的证人/证据 bear/give witness to... 作为……的证据 ‎(2)witness for 作证，为……辩护 witness to 为……作证；出庭证明；证实 名师指南：witness作动词时，常用拟人化的方式陈述事实，即用事物名词直接作主语，表述既简洁又形象。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The girl admitted that she had been a witness to the accident.‎ ‎②He witnessed to having_seen (see) the accused near the scene of the crime.‎ ‎③China has_witnessed (witness) profound and fundamental changes over the last five years.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Our_city_witnesses_four_seasons,_plenty of sunshine and good ‎ rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.‎ 我们的城市一年有四个不同的季节，阳光充足，雨量充沛。但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点冷。‎ ‎5.occur vi. 发生；出现 It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.‎ 我们没有想到步行是个巨大的困难。‎ ‎(1)sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事 It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that...某人突然想起……‎ It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然做某事 ‎(2)occurrence n. 发生；出现；(偶然)事件 名师指南：occur 当“发生”讲时，和 happen 一样，不可用于被动语态。其过去式、过去分词和现在分词都要双写r，分别为occurred, occurred, occurring。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred (occur)．‎ ‎②It occurred to me that I had seen her, or a picture of her, somewhere before.‎ ‎③This is a rare occurrence (occur) as our climate seldom goes to extremes.‎ ‎(2)句式升级 When I got home, I suddenly remembered that I had left my book in the classroom.(用occur改写)‎ ‎→When I got home, it_occurred_to_me_that I had left my book in the classroom.‎ ‎6．particularly adv. 特定地；特别地；尤其 Steve was in a particularly bad mood when he got back.‎ 史蒂夫回来时情绪特别不好。‎ not particularly 不太；不(是)特别……‎ be particular about/over... 对……讲究/挑剔 in particular 特别；尤其 go into particulars 详述细节 单句语法填空 ‎①You shouldn't look at your smart phone all the time, particularly (particular) when you cross a street.‎ ‎②He was not a particularly (particular) good shot because of his poor eyesight.‎ ‎③Being too particular about your shoes is not a good habit.‎ ‎④The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.‎ ‎7．loss n. 遗失；损失；丧失　lose v. 损失；迷失 Yet, over the centuries, there was a greater loss.‎ 然而，几个世纪以来，出现了更大的损失。‎ suffer a loss 蒙受损失 make up for a loss 弥补损失 at a loss 不知所措，困惑 be lost in 陷入……‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I was at a complete loss as to how to find the money in time.‎ ‎②The young man sat at the desk, lost (lose) in thought.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 He suffered_a_heavy_loss in the economic crisis in 2008.‎ 他在2008年经济危机中遭受了巨大损失。‎ ‎8．sympathy n. 同情，同情心；赞同，支持 I have no sympathy for Jane. It's all her own fault.‎ 我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2)in sympathy with sb. 支持/同情某人 完成句子 ‎①I have a lot of sympathy_for_him;_he brought up his two children on his own.‎ 我非常同情他，他独自把两个孩子养大。‎ ‎②It is in bad times that we value most highly the support and sympathy of our friends.‎ 艰难时刻我们会更珍惜朋友们的支持与同情。‎ ‎③The seamen went on strike in_sympathy_with the dockers.‎ 海员举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。‎ ‎9．burst vt.‎&vi. (使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 The building exploded because a gas pipe had burst. ‎ 因为煤气管道破裂这栋楼爆炸了。‎ ‎(1)burst into/in 突然闯进；破门而入 burst out 突然迸发；爆发 burst into tears/laughter＝burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑 burst with anger/joy/grief 勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝 ‎(2)a burst of 一阵 完成句子 ‎①Hearing this, the whole class burst_into_laughter/burst_out_laughing and my deskmate's face turned red.‎ 听到这个，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。‎ ‎②He burst_into the room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.‎ 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。‎ ‎③I don't know what it was in the novel that made him ‎ burst_into_tears/burst_out_crying.‎ 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。‎ ‎④The police burst_in and arrested the thief.‎ 警察突然闯进房间，逮捕了小偷。‎ ‎10．significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 Nobody can achieve anything of real significance unless he works very hard.‎ 一个人要是不努力，他将一事无成。‎ ‎(1)be of (great/no/little) significance to... 对……(很/不)重要 attach (great) significance to 认为……(很)重要 ‎(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的 It is significant that... 很明显……‎ 完成句子 ‎①The factory set up the year before is very_significant/of_great_significance to this area's economy.‎ 前年建起的这个工厂对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义。‎ ‎②To be honest, a lot of people attach_great_significance_to becoming rich and famous.‎ 坦白说，许多人把名和利看得很重。‎ ‎11．come across 偶遇，碰见；被理解 I came across an interesting name story when I visited my cousin in Henan‎ ‎Province.‎ 我在河南省看我表哥时无意中听到了一个有趣的有关名字的故事。‎ come out出现；出版；结果是 come about发生 come up (to) 长出地面；走近；被提出 come up with 提出；想出 come to (oneself) 苏醒 when it comes to (doing) sth. 当谈及(做)某事 名师指南：表示“偶然遇见”还可以用run into, knock into, meet with,‎ ‎ come upon等。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①How did it come about that the man was dismissed?‎ ‎②A pocket edition of the dictionary will come out soon.‎ ‎③I came across a little rabbit while walking through the woods.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 When_it_comes_to_playing_basketball,_she is always talking without stop.‎ 每当谈到打篮球，她总是滔滔不绝。‎ ‎12．hold up 举起；使耽搁；推迟，阻挡 She became quite famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension bridges during the building process.‎ 她因在建设过程中发明了一种新的支撑吊桥的方法而闻名。‎ hold off 不接近；拖延；延期 hold out 给予，提供；支持；继续；坚持 hold back阻挡，拦阻；抑制，控制；踌躇，(使)犹豫；隐瞒 hold on(打电话时)别挂断，等着；挺住，坚持住 hold onto 紧紧抓住……不放；保住(优势)‎ ‎(1)写出下列句中hold up的汉语意思 ‎①Had it not been for the postal strike, my home letter might not have been held up.耽搁 ‎②How does he hold up under such a responsibility？承受住 ‎③They held up their coach to celebrate their winning.举起 ‎④It's time you changed your attitude towards women now, Tom; they hold up half the sky, you know.支撑起 ‎(2)介、副词填空 ‎①On the way home, they were held up in a traffic jam.‎ ‎②He had to hold back tears as she left.‎ ‎③We must hold out and believe we can overcome the difficulties.‎ ‎④He held on to a branch until we came to his rescue.‎ ‎⑤The moment you think about giving up, think of the reason why you hold on so long.‎ ‎13．count on依靠，指望；期望，料想 Her father thought he was admirable because he built bridges you can really count on.‎ 她父亲认为他是令人钦佩的，因为他建造的桥梁非常可靠。‎ count on sth./sb. 指望/依靠某事/某人 count on doing sth.指望做某事 count on sb. to do/doing sth.指望/依靠某人做某事 count...in/out 把……算入/不算入 count down 倒计时，倒数 count sb./sth. as/to be... 认为某人/某物是……‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Our parents are always the people that we can really count on.‎ ‎②Few people can count on having (have) a job for life.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①She counts_herself_as/to_be one of the lucky ones.‎ 她认为自己是一个幸运者。‎ ‎②If you are going out tonight, you'll have to count_me_out.‎ 假如你们今晚要出去，别把我算在内。‎ ‎14．figure out 理解；弄明白；想出；计算出 So they figured out a way to change it.‎ 所以他们想出一个方法去改变它。‎ ‎(1)figure on sth./doing sth. 计划，打算；预料到某事/做某事 figure up 合计，把……加起来；计算出 figure in 被计算进；被考虑在；在……中出现 ‎(2)work out解决；制定出；锻炼；进展顺利 turn out生产；制造；结果是 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①I was trying to figure out how to swim to the boys in a straight line.‎ ‎②Don't figure on the weather being fine for your garden party.‎ ‎③The bill you paid doesn't figure in the tip you have to give to the waiter.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①Have you figured_out how much the trip will cost?‎ 你估算出这次旅行所需要的费用了吗？‎ ‎②Everything has worked_out according to the plan.‎ 一切都按计划发展。‎ ‎③He said he was a doctor, but later he turned_out to be a cheat.‎ 他自称是个医生，但后来证明他是个骗子。‎ ‎15．discourage vt. 使泄气；使灰心；劝阻 They are determined to start a campaign to discourage smoking among teenagers. ‎ 他们决心发起一场劝阻青少年吸烟的运动。‎ ‎(1)discourage sb. from doing sth. 打消某人做某事的念头 be/get discouraged 变得灰心，泄气 ‎(2)discouraging adj. 令人失去信心的 discouraged adj. 失去信心的，气馁的 discouragement n. 气馁，泄气，劝阻 ‎(3)encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①His father tried to discourage him from choosing arts, but failed.‎ ‎②If you meet with any difficulty in your study, don't be discouraged (discourage)．‎ ‎③It was discouraging (discourage) that I couldn't work out the math problem.‎ ‎④Being confident can help us overcome difficulties when we're encountered with adversity and discouragement (discourage)．‎ ‎(2)句式升级 Because she was discouraged by the exam results, the girl locked ‎ herself in her room.(过去分词作状语)‎ ‎→Discouraged_by_the_exam_results,_the girl locked herself in her room.‎ ‎16．put up with 容忍，忍受 She was worried that her daughter would have to put up with too much teasing with a man's name.‎ 她担心她的女儿将会因为一个太像男人的名字而忍受太多嘲笑。‎ put away 存钱；放好；收起来 put aside 留出；不考虑；存(钱)备用 put up 举起；张贴；建造 put forward 推荐；提出；拨快(钟表等)‎ put back放回；拖延；拨慢(钟表等)‎ put on 穿上；上演；增加体重 put off推迟，延期 put down 写下；记下 用put短语完成句子 ‎①Encourage children to put_away some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.‎ 鼓励孩子们存下一部分零花钱来购买圣诞礼物。‎ ‎②The suggestion he put_forward at the meeting was turned down.‎ 他在会议上提出的建议被拒绝了。‎ ‎③We will put_off the outing until next week, when we won't be so busy.‎ 我们把郊游推迟到下周，那时我们不会那么忙了。‎ ‎④Noise is coming to the point where we can't put_up_with_it.‎ 噪音快到我们无法忍受的地步了。‎ ‎17．eager adj. 渴望的，热衷的 Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to ‎ learn more and use it as much as she could. ‎ 由于海伦明白了语言的特点，她很渴望学到更多，并且尽可能多地使用语言。‎ be eager to do sth. 渴望做……‎ be eager for sth. 渴望得到……‎ be eager that... 渴望……[从句中用虚拟语气：(should＋)动词原形]‎ 名师指南：表达“急切(盼望)(做)……”的短语还有：be anxious for/to do...，long for, be greedy for, be hungry for, be dying for/to do..., be thirsty for, be keen on/to do...等。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The teacher is glad that everyone in her class is eager to_learn (learn)．‎ ‎②People in that country are eager for peace. They are eager to_live (live) a peaceful and happy life.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 I'm_eager_to_improve my oral English. I think I can improve it with your help.‎ 我渴望提高英语口语。我认为在你的帮助下我是能够提高的。‎ ‎18．expand vt. 扩大，扩充，增加；细谈，详述 As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more questions. ‎ 随着知识和词汇量的扩大，海伦问的问题越来越多。‎ ‎(1)expand into (使……)扩大成 expand in 在……方面增加/膨胀 expand on/upon sth. 详述，详细阐述某事 ‎(2)expansion n．膨胀；扩张 词义辨析：‎ expand ‎(使尺寸、数字或数量等)扩大，增加(活动量)，扩大(活动范围)‎ extend 延伸，延长(建筑或道路、时间等)，扩大(控制、影响力等)，伸展(手臂、腿等)‎ spread 把(物)铺开、张开；(疾病、感情、问题或火等)蔓延，(消息、思想等)流传，传播，扩展(使能覆盖大的面积)‎ stretch 伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长 完成句子 ‎①The eagle spread its wings in the sky.‎ 鹰在空中展开翅膀。‎ ‎②His company has_expanded into a big one in the past ten years.‎ 在过去的10年里，他的公司扩大规模成为了大公司。‎ ‎③The farm extends for miles.‎ 这农场长好几英里。‎ ‎④Metals expand when they are heated.‎ 金属受热会膨胀。‎ ‎⑤The professor will expand_on this point in the next chapter.‎ 教授将在下一章对这一问题做进一步的补充。‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．knock sb. over (开车)撞伤某人；撞死某人 knock at/on the door敲门 knock into sb.撞到某人身上；碰见某人 knock down 撞倒；推倒(建筑物)；减价 knock off降价；偷窃；收工 ‎①Pay attention to the traffic when you cross the road, otherwise you might be_knocked_over by a vehicle.‎ 过马路时应留意来往车辆，不然的话，你或许会被车辆撞倒。‎ ‎②I knocked_at_the_door and explained my situation to the old man.‎ 我敲了敲门并向这位老人说明了我的情况。‎ ‎2．in a way 有几分；从某种意义上讲，从某方面来说；从某种程度上说 by way of 经由；途经 in the way 挡路，碍事 on the way to 在去……的路上 in no way 绝不(置于句首句子用部分倒装)‎ in this way 用这种方法 ‎①In a way, your words and behavior expressed your thought.‎ ‎②In no way should clean women be looked down upon.‎ ‎3．gather vi. & vt. 聚集；集合；收集 gather in 收获(庄稼)‎ gather round 围拢；聚拢 gather up/together 收拢；归拢(分散的东西)‎ gather speed加速 ‎①Tens of thousands of people gathered outside the American Embassy.‎ 成千上万的人聚集在美国大使馆外面。‎ ‎②It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered_in.‎ 已是八月下旬，庄稼都已妥善收割完毕。‎ ‎③The train gathered_speed as it left the station.‎ 火车离站时逐渐加快了速度。‎ ‎4．refer to 提到，说到；参考，参阅；提交；把……称作……‎ ‎(1)refer to...as... 把……称作 refer...to... 把……提交给……‎ ‎(2)reference n. 涉及；提及；参考；查阅 in/with reference to 关于 ‎(1)写出下列句中refer to的汉语意思 ‎①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅 ‎②When giving the lecture, he referred to his notes from time to time.参考 ‎③You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.提交 ‎④In China, women who remain single in their late twenties are referred to as “leftover woman” by relatives and the media.把……称作……‎ ‎⑤We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及 ‎(2)单句语法填空 ‎①The book referred (refer) to is not in the library.‎ ‎②The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.‎ ‎③In/With reference (refer) to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that I am just the person you are asking for.‎ 典型句式精析 ‎1．Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.‎ 既然海伦理解了语言的特点，她非常渴望学习更多，并且尽可能多地使用它。‎ now that 既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that 常可省略。‎ 其他表示原因的连词或介词短语：‎ ‎(1)because因为(语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问)‎ since 因为；既然(可与now that互换)‎ as 因为(语气较弱)‎ for 因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明)‎ ‎(2)介词短语有due to, because of, on account of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of等 完成句子 ‎①Now_that we have finished our work, there is no point in staying any longer.‎ 既然我们的工作做完了，再待下去也毫无意义了。‎ ‎②Now_that you have grown up you must learn to stand on your own two feet.‎ 你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。‎ ‎2．Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.‎ 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。‎ unless 是从属连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎(1)unless引导的从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。‎ ‎(2)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Unless something unexpected happens, I'll see you tomorrow.‎ ‎②All the photographs in this book, unless stated (state) otherwise, date from the 1950s.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 We will not attack unless we are attacked; if we are attacked, we will certainly counterattack.‎ 人不犯我，我不犯人；人若犯我，我必犯人。‎ ‎3．It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex ‎ word—a word for something she couldn't touch.‎ 这是海伦第一次明白这样一个复杂的词——一个表达她触摸不到的东西的词。‎ It/This＋is/was＋the＋序数词＋time (that)．..表示“这是某人第……次……”。从句谓语动词用现在完成时或过去完成时。‎ for the first time “第一次”，介词短语，常在句中作状语；the first time“当第一次……的时候”，作连词。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It was the first time in a year and a half that I had_seen (see) the night face to face.‎ ‎②This is the third time that they have_quarrelled (quarrel) with each other in the last five years.‎ ‎③I felt nervous the first time I gave a speech to many students.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Many athletes gathered (聚集) in Incheon for the 17th Asian Games.‎ ‎2．Li Hua looks forward to expanding (扩大) his vocabulary through reading.‎ ‎3．He expressed to his friends his sorrow (悲伤) at the news of her death.‎ ‎4．Preserving (维持) the public order is the duty of the police.‎ ‎5．The traffic accident witnessed (目睹) by many people caused great damage.‎ ‎6．All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情心) rose up in my heart.‎ ‎7．Faced with so many problems to solve, the new manager was at a loss (丢失；遗失) which one to settle first.‎ ‎8．Time is precious (宝贵的) for us students, so in my opinion,‎ ‎ making a suitable timetable is necessary and important for us to make good use of our time.‎ ‎9．He listened to our debate silently and finally applauded (鼓掌) for us.‎ ‎10．The information was in a specific (特定的) computer folder.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎(一)单元知识点 ‎1．It was also much more than we could afford, but far less than the original (origin) asking price.‎ ‎2．The street was named after a great man in honor of his great contributions to the city.‎ ‎3．Driverless cars may end up being (be) a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.‎ ‎4．It occurred (occur) to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.‎ ‎5．Walking in the field, he felt the warmth (warm) of the sun shining on him.‎ ‎6．The news caused great excitement (excite) among his friends.‎ ‎7．Macy walks there with her son every morning unless the weather is bad.‎ ‎8．The weather was abnormal (normal), which made people uncomfortable.‎ ‎9．With all the pipes blocked (block), no water can get into this system.‎ ‎10．We must take effective (effect) measures to protect this river.‎ ‎11．Some of us were confident and eager to_take (take) part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.‎ ‎12．Gradually (gradual), the environment was improved due to the effort of the local government.‎ ‎13．The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without restriction (restrict)．‎ ‎14．After the storm, many tall trees were blown down, blocking out ‎ the roads.‎ ‎15．John is smart, polite, and wellbehaved. In a word, he is admirable (admire)．‎ ‎(二)单元语法 ‎16．The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had_done (do)．‎ ‎17．Balto put his nose to the ground, trying to find the smell of other dogs that had_travelled (travel) on the trail.‎ ‎18．Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could get one killed (kill)．‎ ‎19．It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed (fix)．‎ ‎20．Who can help you if you want to have your music produced (produce)?‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．His parents tried to discourage him going abroad, but failed.him后加from ‎2．The world has been witnessed China's development in space.去掉been ‎3．The reference book I bought yesterday is of great significant to your history.significant改为significance ‎4．To his mother's disappointment, the boy abandoned himself to play computer games.play改为playing ‎5．Mother is the first teacher of her children in the way.第二个the改为a Ⅳ.选词填空 come across， count on， knock over， figure out， put up with， come into view， in particular， refer to， in a way， burst into tears ‎1．I know I let you down last week, but you can count_on me this time.‎ ‎2．I came_across this book in an old bookstore in London when ‎ travelling abroad.‎ ‎3．I can't put_up_with your rudeness any more; nor do I want to see you again.‎ ‎4．She loves the song in_particular,_because her mother used to sing it.‎ ‎5．Your notes are excellent materials to refer_to when you are studying for a test.‎ ‎6．When we reached the top of the mountain, a wide plain below came_into_view.‎ ‎7．The elder sister runs so fast at her little brother that she knocks him over by accident.‎ ‎8．We can't figure_out why quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.‎ ‎9．After winning the match, Chen Long burst_into_tears and thanked both of his coaches.‎ ‎10．The good service has made up for the poor food in the hotel in_a_way.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．It_occurred_to_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.‎ 他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议。‎ ‎2．The_instant_she_saw_the_young_man,_she fell in love with him and became blind to all else around her.‎ 她对这个小伙子一见钟情，对周围的其他人都不理不睬。‎ ‎3．It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song in_particular.‎ 这场音乐会不错——我特别喜欢最后一首歌。‎ ‎4．Unable_to_afford_the_time,_I had to give up the plan.‎ 由于抽不出时间，我不得不放弃这个计划。‎ ‎5．Now_that you are in charge of the department, you are bound to carry out the plan.‎ 既然你负责这个部门，你就要执行这个计划。‎ ‎6．She said that it_was_the_second_time_that_she_had_visited ‎ London‎ with her mother.‎ 她说这是她第二次和她的妈妈一起游览伦敦。‎ ‎7．You will never gain success unless_you_are_fully_devoted_to_your_work.‎ 除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中，否则很难获得成功。‎ ‎8．Some people are_eager_to_get money while others are_eager_for fame.‎ 有些人急于赚钱而另一些人渴望成名。‎ Ⅵ.课文语法填空 A Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a volcanic eruption __1__ (happen) on August 24th, 79 AD. A volcano named Vesuvius, __2__ was near Pompeii, erupted and a cloud came down the mountain, __3__ (bury) everything in its path, including the whole city. Pliny was __4__ (deep) impressed by the sad event. What's worse, the whole city which was buried under the ashes was __5__ (entire) forgotten by the world. __6__， more than 1,600 years later, some scientists started to dig out the ancient city of Pompeii and __7__ (find) out the whole truth. Before the eruption occurred, it __8__ (be) a booming city. It is the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster __9__ have made the city a monument to human history. Today many people visit Pompeii every year __10__ (learn) more about the ancient world.‎ ‎1．happening　2.which　3.burying　4.deeply ‎5．entirely　6.However　7.found　8.had_been ‎9．that　10.to_learn Ⅶ.话题写作 假设你是李华，上周日不慎把书包遗失在操场上，里面有学生证、手机、钱包等物品，本校外教Mr Smith捡到后上交给学校。请你用英语给他写一封感谢信。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear_Mr_Smith，‎ I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_Middle_School._I'm_writing_this_letter_to_thank_you_for_returning_my_schoolbag.‎ Last_Sunday_afternoon,_after_I_played_basketball_with_my_friends_in_the_playground,_I_left_my_schoolbag_there_owing_to_my_carelessness._I_was_worried_because_my_student's_ID_card,_cellphone,_wallet_and_some_documents_were_all_in_it,_which_were_very_important_to_me._Just_as_I_was_at_a_loss,_I_was_informed_that_my_schoolbag_was_at_the_school's_Lost_and_Found,_where_I_knew_it_was_you_who_had_picked_up_my_schoolbag_and_handed_it_in.‎ It's_such_a_great_kindness_that_I'm_extremely_grateful_to_you._You_did_set_a_good_example_to_us.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 学习至此，请完成课时作业31～32‎