2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Natural disasters

2020-2021学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Natural disasters

2020-2021 学年高一英语重点词汇真题训练 Natural disasters 一、单项选择(共 20 分) 1．(本题 1 分)（2021·江苏南通高三开学考试）Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began. A．who; where B．which; where C．who; when D．which; that 2．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏高三三模）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A．which B．where C．what D．who 3．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏高三三模）You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station ________ you can hire to reach your host family. A．which B．where C．when D．as 4．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏宿城高三三模）Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world. A．where B．when C．that D．what 5．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏南京师大附中高三其他）In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren ________ behaviors drive their parents crazy. A．whose B．when C．who D．of whom 6．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏省如东高级中学高三三模）He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment ______ we could never neglect. A．as B．that C．where D．when 7．(本题 1 分)（2020·江苏省南通中学高三一模）Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children _______ some worry is changing the very nature of childhood. A．why B．who C．which D．where 8．(本题 1 分)（2019·江苏高考模拟）— Who recommended Nancy for the post? — It was James ______ admiration for her was obvious. A．who B．that C．whose D．whom 9．(本题 1 分)（2019·天津河东高考模拟）We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng, _______ we think set a good example to all of us. A．whose B．who C．that D．whom 10．(本题 1 分)（2019·江苏高三二模）In the US, there are currently over 5,000 community schools _____, in addition to serving as educational institutions, function as community centers for the surrounding neighborhood. A．which B．where C．whose D．as 11．(本题 1 分)（2019·江苏南京高三一模）A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public. A．as B．who C．whom D．whose 12．(本题 1 分)（2018·天津河东高三一模）On the bus I saw a student I believed was your brother. A．who B．whom C．which D．whoever 13．(本题 1 分)（2018·北京丰台高三二模）Wu Lei is the only Chinese player has made it onto the latest World Soccer 500 list. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 14．(本题 1 分)（2018·广东中山一中高二一模）It is broadcast on TV that the 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre seats an audience of approximately 4, 000. A．where B．whose C．which D．when 15．(本题 1 分)（2017·北京通州高三一模）They worked for two hours to rescue the man ____ was injured in the accident. A．whose B．which C．why D．who 16．(本题 1 分)（2016·全国高一课时练习）Those have six or more close friends are described as "very happy". A．whose B．who C．which D．when 17．(本题 1 分)（2017·江苏省如东高级中学高三一模）Martin Luther King, Jr. put it that peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means _____we arrive at that goal. A．that B．where C．by which D．with which 18．(本题 1 分)（2017·江苏扬州高三一模）Teachers in primary schools ______ influence the kids fall under should be role models. A．whose B．who C．where D．which 19．(本题 1 分)（2015·江苏南京高三一模）Personal space is the region surrounding a person ________ they regard as psychologically theirs. A．who B．where C．when D．Which 20．(本题 1 分)If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I ____my head in my hands for a cry. A．bury B．am burying C．buried D．would bury 评卷人 得分 二、完形填空(共 20 分) (本题 20 分)（2020·湖南衡阳市一中高二期中） A month ago, I broke a nail（指甲）. My other nails looked amazing, but now one was a mess. Clearly, there was no point in keeping the others, so I 21 to cut them all off. ―What are you doing, Mom?‖ my daughter 22 , ―Your nails look great! Don’t cut them!‖ ―But they’re 23 ,‖I said, waving the broken one in her face. ―They’re not,‖ she said. ―You 24 have nine nails left!‖ I 25 . My nails certainly weren’t perfect anymore, and the 26 of ―perfect‖ is ―disaster‖, right? I mean, this is how I think about most things: it’s all or nothing. I seem to go from ―good‖ to ―complete disaster‖ in a matter of moments. I’ve been 27 why I act this way, but I don’t know what causes this 28 . My brain only 29 ―perfect‖ or ―disaster‖. However, we humans are never just good or bad---we are far more 30 . We have wins and we have losses and, occasionally, they are hard to 31 . Some people understand this by nature，while others don't. For most of us, learning not to do the thing we’re used to 32 effort and might cause discomfort. However, we should 33 ourselves that we sometimes make mistakes, and that this doesn’t mean we are 34 . We need to accept that things will sometimes go 35 . Somehow, failure is part of life. We all fall 36 , and we normally get straight back up. And so, with my daughter’s words 37 in my ears, I decided to keep my nine nice nails. I feel 38 every time I look at my hands, but I’m determined to 39 my choice. It’s a perfect exercise in 40 . 21．(1 分)A．expected B．rejected C．decided D．managed 22．(1 分)A．complained B．criticized C．commented D．cried 23．(1 分)A．ruined B．broken C．disturbed D．weakened 24．(1 分)A．even B．still C．just D．ever 25．(1 分)A．agreed B．admitted C．refused D．hesitated 26．(1 分)A．opposite B．concept C．misunderstanding D．comparison 27．(1 分)A．talking about B．worrying about C．thinking about D．setting about 28．(1 分)A．mistake B．behavior C．condition D．character 29．(1 分)A．rejects B．abandons C．compares D．sees 30．(1 分)A．complex B．elegant C．cautious D．aggressive 31．(1 分)A．possess B．avoid C．distinguish D．accomplish 32．(1 分)A．motivates B．requires C．acknowledges D．recommends 33．(1 分)A．remind B．teach C．promise D．inform 34．(1 分)A．victims B．failures C．winners D．explorers 35．(1 分)A．bad B．wild C．crazy D．wrong 36．(1 分)A．helplessly B．casually C．occasionally D．merely 37．(1 分)A．sticking B．ringing C．whispering D．beating 38．(1 分)A．vacant B．shallow C．upset D．skeptical 39．(1 分)A．live on B．live up to C．live through D．live with 40．(1 分)A．imperfection B．principle C．assumption D．category 评卷人 得分 三、阅读选择(共 40 分) (本题 8 分)（2016·江苏高考真题） El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round. The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction. Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下 水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority. 41．(2 分)What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1? A．It is named after a South American fisherman. B．It takes place almost every year all over the world. C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas. D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. 42．(2 分)What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected? A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall. B．Droughts become more harmful than floods. C．Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses. D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically. 43．(2 分)The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________. A．more investment should go to risk reduction B．governments of poor countries need more aid C．victims of El Nino deserve more compensation D．recovery and reconstruction should come first 44．(2 分)What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce El Nino and its origin. B．To explain the consequences of El Nino. C．To show ways of fighting against El Nino. D．To urge people to prepare for El Nino. (本题 10 分)You can’t hide a natural disaster from children, so how do we prepare them for it? First of all, you should explain to them that acts of nature aren’t necessarily disasters but can become one. These may include floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, winter storms, wild fires, and earthquakes. The way to prepare children for these disasters is to educate them about what each type is and then make it fun by making them “Disaster Masters” or whatever title you can think of. Making them a Disaster Master won’t be easy. They must know what’s in a disaster emergency kit(工具箱) and why it’s included. You can get your friends involved, too. If your friends have children, they may want to be involved in your emergency preparations. Make it a group project. This is the opportunity for everyone to become familiar with the equipment. We have to be aware of our conduct and the way we react to stress. The children will be easily influenced by your attitude anddemeanor. The calmness, steady manner, and good humor of your spouse (配偶) and you will go a long way toward the easing or the reduction of stress. Explain to them what they’re likely to encounter or see and describe how people may react. Disasters can come and go very quickly and generally don’t last long. If you must stay away from home, try to get into a routine quickly and encourage them to make new friends. Let them know they can look to their parents and other adults if they become scared or confused. And it’s important to let them know it’s OK to cry during a disaster. It’s sometimes helpful to let the children draw pictures of what they’ve experienced. Encourage them to write what they learned and what could have been done better. Save the story. Make it part of a documented family history! 45．(2 分)This passage was written mainly to tell us about ______. A．the importance of mutual help in disaster preparation B．tips for preparing children for a natural disaster C．the importance of educating children about natural disasters D．ways to raise children’s courage in natural disasters 46．(2 分)It is a must that a Disaster Master knows ______. A．when a natural disaster will come B．why there are natural disasters C．how to use a disaster emergency kit D．how to teach others about emergency preparations 47．(2 分)The underlined word “demeanor” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “______”. A．personality B．lifestyle C．emotion D．behavior 48．(2 分)When they meet with a natural disaster, children ______. A．must write down what they see and how they feel B．should believe that the disaster will never last long C．can cry if they are frightened D．should help other children despite the danger 49．(2 分)The author wrote the passage mainly for ______. A．parents B．young children C．teachers D．college students (本题 6 分)（2016·贵州省思南中学高一期中）Terrible disasters in the last 50 or 100 years have become increasingly common. Over the last 30 years, the number of weather-related disasters has increased quickly, and the disasters have also affected more people and caused more economic loss. However, much of this could be avoided through disaster risk reduction(DRR 降低灾难风险). A meeting, held in Sendai, Japan last month, opened one day after Cyclone Pam（飓风 Pam）hit Vanuatu, which struck the islands with winds of up to 340km/h and destroyed the island nation. The speech by the President of Vanuatu was given shortly after that. He begged the international community for support and stronger commitment (承诺)to helping them manage climate and disaster risks. In the face of disasters, it is always the developing countries that suffer most. Damage in these countries is often worse and unluckily, there is limited money and technique to prevent these disasters. In fact, we have seen Asian countries-especially those that have suffered a lot in disasters can’t pay the price. Great loss Asia has suffered comes to a total of almost $ 53 billon yearly over the past 20 years. At the same time, studies have shown once again that proper prevention saves lives and damage. With this in mind, people at the Sendai meeting were able to come up with new agreements that effective ways of disaster risk reduction will be carried out in the coming years for those who easily get damaged in disasters. 50．(2 分)According to the first paragraph, disasters ________. A．can all be prevented B．have become more frequent C．are all weather-related ones D．affect fewer people than before 51．(2 分)We can know from the passage that_______. A．The Sendai meeting was held one day after a cyclone hit Vanuatu B．Vanuatu was terribly destroyed by an earthquake C．The president of Vanuatu begged his country to prevent the disaster D．Vanuatu is a small island in Japan 52．(2 分)Which of the following can be the title of this news report? A．Proper ways that save lives and damage have come up. B．The Sendai meeting has made new commitments. C．Natural disasters have become more common. D．Some natural disasters can be reduced and avoided. (本题 8 分)（2020·湖南高二学业考试） When a disaster happens, you might find yourself without water, gas or electricity. You might also need to leave your home right away. So you are supposed to plan for such bad situations. Here are some suggestions. ●Have a family meeting. Plan a way to get your family members together after the disaster. Choose two places for everyone to go to if it isn’t safe to return home. The first meeting place should be near your house. You can go there in an emergency like a fire. The second should be outside your neighborhood. ●Choose a person outside your area to help. It is easier to communicate over a long-distance call than a local one. The person can help your family members get in touch with each other. ●Get a family disaster kit（应急包）ready. It should include the things your family needs. It can help you survive at least for three days with bread, water, medicine and things like that. Put them in a bag so that you can carry it if you leave in a hurry. Do remember that different people have different needs. ●Practise your emergency plan. Update it as often as possible. You may not be able to stop any disasters, but with a little planning you can help yourself and your family survive. 53．(2 分)How many suggestions are given in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 54．(2 分)The purpose of choosing a person outside our area is to _____. A．send food to our family B．find us a safe place C．choose two places for us to go to D．help our family get in touch 55．(2 分)A family disaster kit can help us to _______. A．survive B．communicate C．stop disasters D．return home 56．(2 分)What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Leaving home safely. B．Taking an adventure trip. C．Planning for disasters. D．Having a family meeting. (本题 8 分)（2019·辽宁实验中学高三） When a disaster strikes, humanitarian agencies (人道主 义机构) like The World Food Programme (WFP) need information more than anything else. They need a clear picture of the damage to roads and bridges, for example, to be able to take quick action. WFP has published a picture of damage to the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake which struck Haiti. The picture, which has been produced in the form of a satellite-based map, shows great damage to the epicenter, where 90% of the buildings were destroyed. In the map, one pixel (像素) stands for half a meter of land. That's a very close look of how things are on the ground. It helped rescue teams a lot. WFP's Emergency Preparedness and Response Branch produced a series of clear maps showing the damage of Haiti. The maps have been produced in partnership with a research and development institute called In formation Technology for Humanitarian Assistance, Cooperati on and Action (ITHACA). The organization was set up years ago especially to work with WFP in bringing developments of satellite technology into its response to disasters. Just a few years ago, this would have meant having to wait for helicopters to overfly areas and for human beings to physically see the damage. The satellites which operate around high above our heads are of great help. They are able to see through clouds, which is helpful when weather conditions prevent the use of optical instruments(光学仪器) . Now both WFP and ITHACA have teams working around the clock to make use of more new technologies to help people actively deal with natural disasters. “Deaths and injuries from natural disasters can be reduced if the disaster can be predicted. Several disaster prediction technologies have been developed over the years. We are also working hard to provide a more effective instrument to predict natural disasters,” said Riccardo Roscelli, president of ITHACA． 57．(2 分)According to Paragraph 1, what does WFP extremely need after a disaster? A．Doctors and volunteers. B．Medical and food supplies. C．The information about the damage. D．The details about the causes of the disaster. 58．(2 分)What does the author mainly want to show us when he mentions the Haitian earthquake in Paragraph 2? A．The satellite-based map is useful. B．It was a very serious earthquake. C．It caused many injuries and deaths. D．The picture of the damage is unclear. 59．(2 分)What is the unique advantage of the satellites compared with optical instruments? A．They can be used as the substitution of helicopters. B．They can reduce deaths and injuries from natural disasters. C．They can be operated around high above our heads. D．They can see through clouds in bad weather conditions. 60．(2 分)What can we learn from Riccardo Roscelli's words in the last paragraph? A．It is not easy for people to predict natural disasters. B．Natural disasters can cause more terrible consequences. C．They are trying to find out a better disaster prediction instrument. D．They have studied disaster prediction technologies for years. 评卷人 得分 四、七选五(共 10 分) (本题 10 分)（2019·广东广州高二期中） Recently, I’ve been following a simple rule that is helping me crush procrastination(拖延症) and making it easier for me to stick to good habits at the same time．61．(2 分) There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule. Part 1—If it takes less than two minutes，then do it now． 62．(2 分) For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on． If a task takes less than two minutes to complete，then follow the rule and do it right now． Part 2—When you start a new habit，it should take less than two minutes to do． Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．63．(2 分) It might sound like this strategy is too basic for grand life goals，but I beg to differ．The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life．64．(2 分) I love the 2-Minute Rule because it embraces the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started． The most important part of any new habit is getting started—not just the first time，but each time．It’s not about performance，it’s about consistently taking action． I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．65．(2 分) Anyone can spare the next 120 seconds．Use this time to get one thing done．Go． A．I call this little strategy the “2-Minute Rule”． B．And that’s the purpose behind this little rule． C．Here’s what you need to know to stop procrastinating． D．Once you start doing something，it’s easier to continue doing it． E.But，I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it． F.The goal is to make it easier for you to get started on the things you should be doing． G.It’s surprising how many things we put off that we could get done in two minutes or less． 评卷人 得分 五、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共 20 分) (本题 20 分)（2020·四川内江高三三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词 的正确形式。 The National Weather Service (NWS) reported that the Tittabawassee River was at least ten 66．(2 分) (foot) above flood level, and still rising. Under the growing pressure of the water, the Edenville dam and the Sanford dam broke on 19, May, 2020. The flooding has covered many roads and bridges in Midland County. For 67．(2 分)( safe) , so far the Michigan National Guard 68．(2 分)( help) in moving around 11,000 people in the nearby towns of Edenville, Sanford, and Midland from their homes. Midland is home to the Dow Chemical Company, 69．(2 分) raises other worries. The company has large chemical tanks in Midland which, if70．(2 分)(flood),could release(释放)dangerous chemicals into the river. For decades, Dow released dangerous chemical pollution into the Tittabawassee River.71．(2 分)a result, there is an area farther downstream that is72．(2分)(heavy) polluted. The chemicals there have settled into the mud on the river bottom and in the areas along the river. The area was supposed73．(2 分) (clean) up next year. Now there are concerns that the strong flood waters could make the74．(2 分)(harm) chemicals come out and release them back into the river. This could cause serious problems, and would make any cleanup far 75．(2 分)difficult. 评卷人 得分 六、短文改错(共 10 分) 76．(本题 10 分)（2019·河南淇滨鹤壁高中高一月考） 下面一篇文章中共有 10 处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened.” Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless. 评卷人 得分 七、提纲类作文(共 30 分) 77．(本题 30 分)（2020·宁夏大学附属中学高二期末）上周末，你和同学到附近一个村庄帮助遭受水 灾的农民收割庄稼。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次支农活动。内容要点如下： 1．虽遭水灾(flood disaster)，丰收依然有希望； 2．村庄离校有半小时路程。一早出发，到达便参加劳动； 3．天黑归来，人累了，但心情愉快。 注意：1.词数：100 左右；2.题目已为你写好。 A Good Harvest 参考答案 1．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：牛顿被证明是一位天才科学家，有着人类的种种弱点，他站在 了历史上魔术结束、科学开始的时刻。分析句子可知，两个设空处都引导定语从句；第一空处关系 词代替先行词 Newton 在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词 who，第二空处关系词代替先行词 point 在 从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词 where，故选 A 项。 2．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创造一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析 句子结构可知，定语从句“________allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词 atmosphere，将先行词代入句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other. 由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以须用关系代词 which，故选 A 项。 3．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你可以租等在车站的出租车到达你的旅馆。这是间隔式的定语 从句，先行词是 taxies,在定语从句中作宾语，所以用 which 引导。其他的 where 和 when 不能在从句 中作宾语，as 引导的定语从句作宾语时前面的先行词必须有 same 或 such 等，故选 A。 4．C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：有工作的年轻人可能意识到大学课程不可能准备好应对在以后 工作中出现的所有情况。分析句子可知，定语从句________ appear in the working world 中缺主语， 关系代词为 that。 故选 C。 5．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国，“神话生物”被用来形容麻烦的学童，其行为使父母发 疯。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句。behaviors 和先行词 schoolchildren 存在所属关系， behaviors 是先行词 schoolchildren 所具有的，因此使用 whose 修饰 behaviors 作定语来引导定语从句。 在定语从句中“whose+名词”可转换为“of which /whom +the+名词” 或“the+名词+ of which /whom”。若 选择 D 项的话，题干中缺定冠词 the。故选 A 。 6．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他指出有关实验的这样一个我们绝不能忽视的关键细节。根据句 意判断先行词为 a crucial detail 在定语从句中作 neglect 的宾语，且先行词被 such 修饰，故用关系代 词 as。故选 A 项。 7．C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最新公布的数据显示，科技在儿童中的使用有所增加，一些人 担心这正在改变儿童的天性。_______ some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.是一个定语 从句，先行词 an increase in technology use ，some worry 是插入语，关系词在从句中作主语，指物， 故选 C。 【点睛】 定语从句的考查要从句子成分分析开始，如果句子很完整，就使用关系副词，如果句子中缺少主语、 宾语和定语，就用关系代词。这道题目的难点在于分析出 some worry 是插入语，应该先去掉不看， 结构就清晰了。 8．C【解析】考查关系代词。句意：——是谁推荐南希担任这个职位的?——是詹姆斯（推荐南希担 任这个职位的），詹姆斯对她的崇拜是显而易见的。分析句子可知，本句为强调句，还原为：It was James whose admiration for her was obvious that recommended Nancy for the postadmiration for her was obvious。 再分析句子，James 为先行词在后面的定语从句中作 admiration 的定语，所以关系代词为 whose。故 C 选项正确。 【点睛】 定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点： (1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用 who 或 whom，指人时通常不用 which 等)。 (2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是 状语等(如作定语通常用 whose，有时也用 which；作状语要用 when, where, why)。 (3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如 that 和 why 通常不引导 非限制性定语从句) 分析句子可知，本句为强调句，还原为：It was James whose admiration for her was obvious that recommended Nancy for the postadmiration for her was obvious。再分析句子，James 为先行词在后面的 定语从句中作 admiration 的定语，所以关系代词为 whose。故 C 选项正确。 9．B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们所有的中国人都应该向雷锋学习，我们认为他为我们树立 了一个好榜样。这是个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Lei Feng，表人，关系词在从句中作主语，因 此，只能用 who，故选 B。 【点睛】 定语从句是复合句考查的重点之一，对于定语从句，要做到四点：一是准确判断出该句是定语从句； 二是找准先行词；三是分析出从句所缺少的成分；四是掌握关系词的基本用法。只有做到这三点才 能准确的判断出该使用哪个关系词。本题考查的是定语从句的关系词，首先判断出这是个定语从句， 其次找出先行词是 Lei Feng 表人，再次从句中缺少主语，最后根据关系词的基本用法，可知，此处 用 who。考生按照这个方法便能准确判断出关系词。 10．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在美国，目前有超过 5000 所社区学校，除了作为教育机构之 外，还作为周边社区的中心。此处 schools 是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，确定关系 词 which/that。故答案为 A。 【点睛】 分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行 词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词 schools，再分析先行词 schools 在定语从句中所作的 成分，将先行词 schools 带到从句中可知，只能作主语，确定关系词 which/that。故答案为 A。 11．B【解析】考查定语从句。句意为：一位科学家试图培育出世界上首个对 HIV 有免疫力的基因 编辑婴儿，这在学术界和公众中引发了争议。定语从句的先行词为 babies，且从句缺少主语，故用 关系代词 who 引导从句。故选 B。 12．A【解析】考查定语从句，先行词是 a student，定语从句中 I thought 是插入语，所以定语从句缺 少主语，句意：在公共汽车上我看见以为是你哥哥的一个学生。选 A。 【名师点睛】 定语从句的考查主要集中在句子成分的分析。如果从句中缺少主语，宾语，表语定语使用关系动词。 如果从句很完整，则使用关系副词。这句话要注意插入语，可以暂不看。 13．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：吴磊是唯一一位登上世界足球 500 强榜单的中国选手。句中 player 是先行词，指人，后面的定语从句缺少主语，缺少引导词，故答案为 A。 14．C【解析】考查定语从句。A. where 在那里；B. whose 谁的；C. which 那一个；D. when 在那时。 句意：在 Dolby 剧院举行的第 88 届奥斯卡颁奖典礼在电视上播出，这个剧院能容纳约 4000 观众。 That 从句是句中的真正主语，里面包含定语从句，先行词是 Dolby Theatre 指物，后面是定语从句， 先行词在定语从句中做主语用关系代词引导，故选 C. 15．D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们花费两个小时营救在事故中受伤的男士。the man 做先行 词，指人，在后面的定语从句中做主语，故选 D。 16．B【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：那些有六个亲密朋友的人被认为非常开心。根据句 意分析可知 those 后面接的是一个从句，而句中 those 又指人，所以要用 who 来引导定语从句。 考点：考查定语从句 17．C【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。句意：马丁·路德金提出的和平不仅仅是我们寻求的一个 遥远的目标，而且是一种手段，我们达成目标的手段。原句为 a means we arrive at that goal by which， 定语从句把 by which 提前。故选 C。 考点：考查定语从句 【名师点睛】 定语从句指的是用一个句子来充当定语的作用修饰限定一个名词或代词；一般定语从句紧跟在被修 饰词之后，但有时也可能被其他成分将其与被修饰词隔开。在定语从句中，关系代词或关系副词都 代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代 词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。在本题中，原句为 a means we arrive at that goal by which，定语从句把 by which 提前，在原句中充当一定的成分，故选 C。 18．A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：小学老师应当是孩子们的榜样，孩子们会受到老师的影响。 ______ influence the kids fall under 是定语从句，修饰 teachers，先行词在从句中做 influence 的定语， 意为“……的”，故要用 whose 引导该从句。A 选项正确。 19．D【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。后面句子中：主语：they 谓语：regard。此时，regard 后 没有名词或代词充当宾语，来构成短语：regard sb./sth. as…，故成句缺少宾语。定语从句缺少宾语 和主语，此时先行词为物 the region，所以选 which。句意：个人空间是指一个人周围的区域，它在 心理上被人认为是属于他们自己的。故选 D 考点：考查定语从句 20．C【解析】考查句型结构。句意：如果我在电影里，那么我应该用手捂着头哭一场。it be about/high time that sb did sth/ sb should do sth 其中 should 不可省略或者用一般过去时。故选 C。 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．A 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者其中的一个指甲坏了，为了追求完美，想把其它九个指甲也 剪掉，但作者的女儿却阻止了作者。她认为妈妈的指甲很漂亮。由此作者想到人是会犯错误的，这 并不意味着我们是失败者，我们需要接受并不是一切都是完美的这个事实。 21．考查动词辨析。A. expected 期望；B. rejected 拒绝；C. decided 决定；D. managed 管理。句意： 把其它的都保留没有任何意义，所以我决定把它们都剪掉。由“there was no point in keeping the others” 可知，作者决定把它们都剪掉。故 C 选项切题。 22．考查动词辨析。A. complained 抱怨；B. criticized 批评；C. commented 评论；D. cried 喊叫。句意： 你在做什么，妈妈?我女儿叫到，你的指甲看起来棒极了。别剪了。女儿看到妈妈要减掉妈妈漂亮的 指甲，所以很惊讶于是喊着问到，妈妈在做什么。故 D 选项切题。 23．考查动词辨析。A. ruined 破坏；B. broken 打断；C. disturbed 打扰；D. weakened 变弱。句意： 但是它们都被一个指甲给毁了，我边说，边在她面前挥动着这个坏的指甲。由前文“I broke a nail（指 甲）”可知，作者想把她的坏了的指甲展示给女儿看，以此来说明它们都不完美了。以此故 A 选项切 题。 24．考查副词辨析。A. even 甚至；B. still 仍然；C. just 仅仅；D. ever 从来。句意：他们没有，她说。― 你还有九个指甲啊。still 用作副词时强调动作或状态仍在继续。故 B 选项切题。 25．考查动词辨析。A. agreed 同意；B. admitted 承认；C. refused 拒绝；D. hesitated 犹豫。句意：我 犹豫了。由下文可知，作者对自己这种追求完美的行为进行了思考，所以当女儿说完“你还有九个指 甲啊”，作者对自己要剪指甲的行为犹豫了。故 D 选项切题。 26．考查名词辨析。A. opposite 对立面；B. concept 概念；C. misunderstanding 误解；D. comparison 对比。句意：我的指甲肯定不再完美了，“完美”的反义词是“灾难”对吧？。由“perfect 和 disaster”可 知，在作者心里，这两个词是相反的两个词。故 A 选项切题。 27．考查动词短语辨析。A. talking about 讨论；B. worrying about 担忧；C. thinking about 考虑；D. setting about 着手处理。句意：我一直在思考我为什么要这样做，但我不知道是什么导致了这种行为。由前 文可知，作者犹豫了，所以一定是在思考她为什么要这样做。故 C 选项切题。 28．考查名词辨析。A. mistake 错误；B. behavior 行为；C. condition 条件；D. character 特性。句意： 我一直在思考我为什么要这样做，但我不知道是什么导致了这种行为。前文“ act this way”指的就是 behavior。故 B 选项切题。 29．考查动词辨析。A. rejects 拒绝；B. abandons 放弃；C. compares 对比；D. sees 看见。句意：我的 大脑只看到“完美”或“灾难”。根据常识可以判断出，当对事情追求完美时，“完美”或“灾难”就会呈现 在人的大脑里。所以只看到的是“完美”或“灾难”。故 D 选项切题。 30．考查形容词辨析。A. complex 复杂的；B. elegant 优雅的；C. cautious 谨慎的；D. aggressive 攻击 性的。句意：然而，我们人类绝不只是好或坏那么简单—我们要复杂得多。由“However, we humans are never just good or bad”可知，然而，我们人类绝不只是好的或坏那么简单，所以人类是复杂的。故 A 选项切题。 31．考查动词辨析。A. possess 拥有；B. avoid 避免；C. distinguish 区别；D. accomplish 完成。句意： 我们有赢也有输，偶尔，它们很难区分。人类是复杂的，所以很难区分是赢还是输。故 C 选项切题。 32．考查动词辨析。A. motivates 激发；B. requires 要求；C. acknowledges 承认 D. recommends 推荐。 句意：对我们大多数人来说，学着不做我们习惯做的事情需要努力，也可能会导致不适。做习惯做 的事情会得心应手，但学着不做我们习惯做的事情是需要努力的。故 B 选项切题。 33．考查动词辨析。A. remind 提醒；B. teach 教；C. promise 承诺；D. inform 告知。句意：然而，我 们应该提醒自己，我们有时会犯错误，这并不意味着我们是失败者，我们需要接受事情有时会出错 的事实。作者以自己为例，作者总是在追求完美，但不是一切都是完美的。所以人们与她也有相似 的情况，总在忽略不是一切都是完美的这个事实。故作者觉得人们应该提醒自己。故 A 选项切题。 34．考查名词辨析。A. victims 受害者；B. failures 失败者；C. winners 赢家；D. explorers 探险家。句 意：然而，我们应该提醒自己，我们有时会犯错误，这并不意味着我们是失败者，我们需要接受事 情有时会出错的事实。根据常识判断，犯错误总是和失败联系在一起。所以作者在这里说明犯错误 的人并不意味着是失败者。故 B 选项切题。 35．考查形容词辨析。A. bad 坏的；B. wild 野蛮的；C. crazy 疯狂的；D. wrong 错误的。句意：然而， 我们应该提醒自己，我们有时会犯错误，这并不意味着我们是失败者，我们需要接受事情有时会出 错的事实。make mistakes 与 go wrong 为同义词，一个说明人犯错误，一个说明事情会出错。故 D 选项切题。 36．考查副词辨析。A. helplessly 无助地；B. casually 满不在乎地; C. occasionally 偶尔；D. merely 仅 仅。句意：我们偶尔会摔倒，并且通常会直接站起来。根据常识判断，摔倒是偶尔发生的。故 C 选 项切题。 37．考查动词辨析。A. sticking 扎；B. ringing 作响；C. whispering 低声说；D. beating 打。句意：女 儿的话在我耳边回荡，我决定保留我那九个漂亮的指甲。由前文可知，是女儿的话让作者对自己进 行了思考。她的话在作者耳边回荡，所以作者决定保留我那九个漂亮的指甲。故 B 选项切题。 38．考查形容词辨析。A. vacant.空缺的；B. shallow 肤浅的；C. upset 焦虑的；D. skeptical 怀疑的。 句意：每次看到自己的手，我都感到很沮丧，但我决心接受自己的选择。看到自己坏了一个指甲， 手变的不完美了，所以肯定会沮丧。故 C 选项切题。 39．考查动词短语辨析。A. live on 靠...为生；B. live up to 履行；C. live through 经历；D. live with 接 受。句意：每次看到自己的手，我都感到很沮丧，但我决心接受自己的选择。由“but”可知，前后句 语意转折，所以 live with“接受”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。 40．考查名词辨析。A. imperfection 不完美；B. principle 原则；C. assumption 假定；D. category 种类。 句意：这是对不完美的完美练习。作者的手虽然不完美了，但是作者却能欣然接受，反应出作者对 事物态度的改变以及心态的改变。所以这是对不完美的完美练习。故 A 选项切题。 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．D 【解析】 试题分析：本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象对地球的影响，并告诉我们政府应该做更多的投资预防厄尔尼 诺的危害而不是在出现问题以后进行重新补救和恢复。 41．D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 El Nino sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.可知厄尔尼诺现象见证了海洋中水流方向的变化。故 D 正确。 42．C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 Rich countries gain more from powerful Nino, on balance, than they lose.可知富有国家从厄尔尼诺现象中得到的好处多于它带来的损失。C 项正确。 43．A 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句 According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.故 A 项正确。 44．D 主旨大意题。根据最后一句＂Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.＂各国政府要把减少损失放在优 先的位置。也就是说我们要事先做好准备。故 D 项正确。 【名师点睛】 第 4 小题属于阅读理解中的目的意图题。作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点 和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来｡常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving, positive, optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical, pessimistic, doubtful, questioning)和中性类词(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned, neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些表达感情 色彩的形容词如 improving, encouraging, disappointing, ignore 等，以及作者对人物语言､行为和思想的 描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度｡ 本文最后一句 Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.既然最贫穷的国家最不可能从厄尔尼诺这样的灾难中得到 弥补，那么我们要把减少损失放在首要位置。从本句的措辞中可以看出本文正是要敦促我们要为可 能发生的厄尔尼诺做好准备。 考点：考查科普说明文阅读 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．C 49．A 【解析】试题分析：怎样让孩子们去面对自然灾害呢？这时候需要家长在平时教给孩子一些正确的 方法技巧。这样在面对自然灾害时。才有可能保护好自己。 45．主旨大意题。文章讲了如何告诉孩子们自然灾害以及应对的必要方法。故选 B。 46．细节理解题。由“Making them a Disaster Master won’t be easy. They must know what’s in a disaster emergency kit(工具箱) and why it’s included. ”可知你必须知道应急救助包如何应用。故选 C。 47．词义猜测题。你的态度和行动会轻易影响孩子们。 personality 个性；lifestyle 生活方式；emotion 情感；behavior 行为。故选 D。 48．细节理解题。由“And it’s important to let them know it’s OK to cry during a disaster.”可知让孩子们 知道在面对自然灾害时感到恐惧哭是可以的。故选 C。 49．推理判断题。文章主要是为父母介绍如何传授孩子们面对自然灾害自我保护的技巧。故选 A. 考点：科普类阅读。 50．B 51．A 52．D 【解析】试题分析：现在自然灾害迅速增长危害着人们的生活和经济发展，但这些可以通过人们的 关注和制定有效措施避免和减少。 50．B 推理判断题。根据 Terrible disasters in the last 50 or 100 years have become increasingly common. 及第一段内容可知严重自然灾害越来越普遍，和天气有关的自然灾害迅速增长，严重影响了人们的 生活并带来了巨大的经济损失。所以说自然灾害越来越频繁，选 B. 51．A 推理判断题。根据第二段 A meeting, held in Sendai, Japan last month, opened one day after Cyclone Pam（飓风 Pam）hit Vanuatu 可知 A 项正确 B 项错误；根据本段 He begged the international community for support and stronger commitment (承诺)to helping them manage climate and disaster risks.可知 C 项错 误；文中没提到 Vanuatu 的大小，D 项错误。故选 A. 52．D 主旨大意题。文中主要讲了自然灾害的严重性及增长迅速，根据 much of this could be avoided through disaster risk reduction 及最后一句 With this in mind, people at the Sendai meeting were able to come up with new agreements that effective ways of disaster risk reduction will be carried out in the coming years for those who easily get damaged in disasters.可知这些灾害可以通过人们的关注和制定有 效措施避免和减少，故选 D. 考点：考查自然灾害类短文阅读。 53．B 54．D 55．A 56．C 【解析】本文是说明文，文章关于“当灾难来临时如何应对”提出了一些建议。 53．细节理解题，文章第 2~5 段每一小段都提出一个关于“当出现灾难时，该如何应对”的建议，一 共提出 4 条建议：召开一个家庭会议；选择一个区域以外的人帮助家人取得联系；准备一个家庭灾 难应急包；演练紧急计划。故选 B 项。 54．细节理解题。根据第三段“The person can help your family members get in touch with each other”可 知，选择一个在你的区域之外的人是为了帮助你的家人互相联系。故选 D 项。 55．细节理解题。根据第四段“It can help you survive at least for three days with bread, water, medicine and things like that” 可知，家庭灾难应急包可以帮助你在缺少面包、水、药物和诸如此类的东西的时候 至少生存三天。故选 A 项。 56．主旨大意题。根据第一段的 So you are supposed to plan for such bad situations. Here are some suggestions.可知，本文是关于“当灾难来临时如何应对”提出的一些建议，即如何为灾难来临作准备。 故选 C 项。 57．C 58．A 59．D 60．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以海地地震为例，主要说明了卫星地图在灾难来临时能够提供关于 损坏的信息，对救援队帮助很大。说明了卫星地图的独特优势。 57．细节理解题。根据第一段中 They need a clear picture of the damage to roads and bridges, for example, to be able to take quick action.可知例如，他们需要对道路和桥梁的损坏情况有一个清晰的认识，以便 能够迅速采取行动。由此可知，世界粮食计划署在灾后最需要的是关于损坏的信息。故选 C。 58．推理判断题。根据第二段中 That's a very close look of how things are on the ground. It helped rescue teams a lot.可知这是对地面情况的非常近距离的观察。这对救援队帮助很大。由此可推知，当作者在 第二段提到海地地震时，主要想告诉我们卫星地图很有用。故选 A。 59．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 They are able to see through clouds, which is helpful when weather conditions prevent the use of optical instruments.可知他们能够透过云层观测，这在天气条件不允许使用 光学仪器时很有帮助。由此可知，与光学仪器相比，卫星的独特优势是在恶劣的天气条件下，他们 能透过云层来观测。故选 D。 60．细节理解题。根据最后一段中 We are also working hard to provide a more effective instrument to predict natural disasters.可知我们也在努力提供一种更有效的工具来预测自然灾害。由此可知，从 Riccardo Roscelli 的话中我们可以了解到他们正在努力寻找一种更好的灾害预测仪器。故选 C。 61．A 62．G 63．B 64．D 65．E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者针对如何克服拖延这一问题，给出了自己的方法——“两分钟规则”。 61．根据后文 There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule…这里提到了“两分钟规则”分为两部分，所以上 文会说什么是“两分钟规则”，故选 A。 62．根据后文 For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on．这里提到了许多可以在两分 钟之内完成的事情，所以上文会说有那么多可以在两分钟之内完成的事情却被我们拖延了，这很令 人吃惊，故选 G。 63．根据前文 Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．这里捕捉到了关键词 goal，B 项（这正是这个小规则背后的目 的。）总结本段内容，故选 B。 64．根据前文 The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life.这里提到了生活的惯性，故 D 项（一旦你开始做某事，继续做它就很容易。）正是惯性的一种， 故选 D。 65．根据前文 I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．这里提到了我不能 保证“两分钟规则”是否对你有效，故 E 项（但是我保证，如果你不尝试，它绝不会起作用）是对前 文内容的进一步阐述，故选 E。 66．feet67．safety68．has helped69．which70．flooded71．As 72．heavily73．to be cleaned74．harmful75．more 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了 Tittabawassee 河的洪水对 Midland 市造成了巨大损失， 加之 Dow Chemical Company 常年排放化学物质，这会使问题更加严重。 66．考查名词的数。此处 foot 意为“英尺”为可数名词，由 ten 判断用复数形式，故填 feet。 67．考查名词。此处应用名词作为介词 for 的宾语，故填 safety。 68．考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，根据 so far 判断为现在完成时，主语 the Michigan National Guard 是第三人称单数，故填 has helped。 69．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是前面的整个句子， 它在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词 which，故填 which。 70．考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知，此处是 if 引导的条件状语从句，完整的句子是 The company has large chemical tanks in Midland which, if the company was flooded, could release dangerous chemicals into the river. 因主从句的主语一致，且从句有 was，故省略了从句的 the company was，故填 flooded。 71．考查介词。此处考查固定短语 as a result“因此”，故填 As。 72．考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词 polluted，故填 heavily。 73．考查非谓语动词。此处是固定短语 be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，又逻辑主语 area 和 clean 之间是被动关系，故应用不定式的被动形式 to be done，故填 to be cleaned。 74．考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词 chemicals，故填 harmful。 75．考查形容词比较级。句意：这会导致严重的问题，同时也会让任何清理变得更困难。根据句意 和 far 判断此处应用形容词比较级，又 difficult 的比较级是 more difficult，故填 more。 76．1. 去掉 last Friday 前面的 on 2. death→deaths 3. last→lasted 4. while→when 5. late→later 6. shocking→shock 7. were→was 8. them→him 9. burying→buried 10. homeless 前面加 the 【解析】 试题分析：这是一篇新闻报道。一场大暴风雨摧毁了南非的两个村庄，造成四人死亡，200 多人无 家可归。当地的一个农民讲述了暴风雪发生情况。士兵们展开了救援，挽救那些被埋在废墟下的人， 政府为灾民们提供了食物、衣服和帐篷。 第一处：考查介词。last Friday 作时间状语无需加介词。故去掉 last Friday 前的 on。 第二处：考查名词。此处表示“……导致四人死亡”，death 是可数名词，前面有 four 修饰，故用复数。 故将 death 改为 deaths。 第三处：考查动词的时态。暴风雨发生在过去，用一般过去时描述，故“持续了一个小时”表示过去 的事情，用一般过去时。故将 last 改为 lasted。 第四处：考查连词。句意：我与我的妻子和孩子们正在厨房里，这时候我们听到一声巨响。此处表 示一个动作发生时突然出现了另外一个动作，而 while 表示两个动作同时进行，故将 while 改为 when。 第五处：考查副词。late 表示“迟的；晚的”，是形容词；later 表示“以后；后来”，此处表示“几分钟 以后”。故将 late 改为 later。 第六处：考查固定短语。to one’s shock 是固定短语，表示“令某人震惊的是”。故将 shocking 改为 shock。 第七处：考查主谓一致。one of ...结构作主语，谓语动词都是用单数。结合语境，句子讲述过去发生 的事情用一般过去时，故将 were 改为 was。 第八处：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指上文提到的“one of my boys”，是单数，故将 them 改为 him。 第九处：考查非谓语动词。bury 作定语修饰 those，those 与 bury 是被动关系，表示“被埋在废墟下的 那些人”，用过去分词作定语表示被动关系。故将 burying 改为 buried。 第十处：考查冠词。“the +形容词”表示一类人，the homeless 表示“无家可归的人”。故在 homeless 前 加 the。 77．A Good Harvest In spite of the flood disaster, a good harvest is still in sight. Yesterday we went to a nearby village to help the peasants get in the crops. We left our school early in the morning. It took us half an hour to reach the village. As soon as we got there, we joined the peasants in their harvesting work. They taught us how to cut rice, and how to tie it. It was in the fields that we had our lunch. After lunch, we had a short rest. We were fascinated by the beautiful scenery of the country side. It got dark when we returned home. We were very tired, but we felt very happy. 【解析】这是一篇提纲类作文 第 1 步：根据提示可知，上周末，你和同学到附近一个村庄帮助遭受水灾的农民收割庄稼。请你为 班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次支农活动。内容要点如下：1．虽遭水灾(flood disaster)，丰收依然 有希望；2．村庄离校有半小时路程。一早出发，到达便参加劳动；3．天黑归来，人累了，但心情 愉快。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：in spite of (尽管)；flood disaster (水灾)；in sight(在望)； as soon as (一……就……)；peasants (农民)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一 般过去时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持 整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】 文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:强调句式 It was in the fields that we had our lunch. when 引导的时间状语从句 It got dark when we returned home. 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。