陕西省西安中学2020届高三适应性考试（三）英语试题 Word版含解析

陕西省西安中学2020届高三适应性考试（三）英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 陕西省西安中学高 2020 届高考适应三考试 高三英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Amy like doing in her free time? A. Learning classic music. B. Surfing the Internet. C. Reading books. 2. Why will the man go to Spain? A. To take a holiday. B. To learn Spanish. C. To work part-time. 3. Where are the speakers? A. On the beach. B. At the cinema. C. At home. 4. What is the woman in the picture? A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. An actress. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Some television news. B. A famous woman. C. A job interview. 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前， 你 将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What did Jennifer do this afternoon? A. She read a book. B. She watched TV. C. She visited a zoo. 7. How does the man feel about the elephants’ situation? A. Concerned. B. Interested. C. Pleased. 听下面一段对话，回答第 8、9 题。 8. What kind of drink would the man like? - 2 - A. Iced tea. B. Iced cola. C. Warm water. 9. Where is the man probably from? A. China. B. America. C. Korea. 听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. How will Tom go back to Chicago? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car. 11. What is the woman’s plan for Christmas? A. To visit the senior center. B. To invite an old lady over. C. To do some volunteer work. 12. When will the woman make the phone call? A. On December 15. B. On December 20. C. On December 22. 听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How long did the trip last? A. About 16 days. B. About two months. C. Over 76 days. 14. Why did the man paddle for 15 hours on his first day? A. To get to a safe place to rest. B. To find something to eat. C. To avoid strong waves. 15. Which part of the trip seemed easier? A. The beginning. B. The middle. C. The end. 16. What is the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Making a trip plan. C. Reporting from Hawaii. 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What language did Benny learn for 11 years at school? A. Irish Gaelic. B. German. C. English. 18. Who can easily have a conversation in 10 languages now? A. Benny. B. Lucas. C. The speaker. - 3 - 19. In what way did Lucas learn languages well? A. Make more foreign friends. B. Chat with strangers by Skype. C. Write stories in foreign languages. 20. What is the purpose of the talk? A. To stress the importance of language learning. B. To encourage listeners to use new languages. C. To give listeners tips on language learning. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Brisbane is an exciting city, voted as one of the most liveable cities in Australia. Its fine food will make you hate to leave. Here are four famous restaurants. Kingsley Steak Crab House Located on the waterfront of the Brisbane River with views of the Story Bridge, Kingsleys Steak & Crab House supplies an incomparable ideal setting for lunch or dinner. With impressive views and a combination of both indoor and outdoor seating, it attracts a lot of tourists to have a unique dining experience here. It also offers fresh seafood, including Alaska king crabs, high-grade wine and friendly staff. Rates per person: $35 Moo moo The Wine Bar Moo Moo The Wine Bar is an award-winning chain of lakeside dining sites. Originally, it was founded in 2005 by Steven Adams, a well-known chef. MooMoo has since claimed many awards, including Queensland’s Best Steak Restaurant 2008, Gold Riverside Restaurant of the Year 2007, and Gold Coast’s Best Steak Restaurant. Rates per person: $40-$45 Jellyfish Restaurant The beautiful views over the Brisbane River are just a starter to come from Jellyfish Restaurant. Its aim is to source and serve fishes of 8 species daily, to learn and understand the texture and - 4 - qualities of each species and recommend the best way to cook to its customers and serve for the fine experience. Rates per person: $30-$45 Tibetian kitchen For a fine dining experience in Brisbane, it is hard to go past Tibetian Kitchen founded by the award-winning well-known chef Matt Moran. With a beautiful setting on the bank of the Brisbane river, Tibetian Kitchen is all about beautifully presented dishes which look like pieces of perfect artwork. This is what Tibetian Kitchen differs from other restaurants above. Rates per person: $35-$45 1. What can we learn about MooMoo The Wine Bar? A. It is competitive in price. B. It is famous for its steak. C. It has a favorable location. D. It has a history of about ten years. 2. Which will you choose if you intend to learn some cooking skills? A. Kingsleys Steak Crab House B. Moo Moo The Wine Bar C. Jellyfish Restaurant D. Tibetian Kitchen 3. How is Tibetian Kitchen different from other restaurants mentioned in the text? A. Its environment is elegant. B. Its food rates are much lower. C. Its chefs have won many awards. D. Its food presentation is rather pleasing. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。布里斯班是一个向往的城市，被选为澳大利亚最适宜居住的城市之一。那 里的美食会让你舍不得离开。文章主要介绍了这里四家著名的餐馆。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Moo moo The Wine Bar 部分中 MooMoo has since claimed many awards, including Queensland’s Best Steak Restaurant 2008, Gold Riverside Restaurant of the Year 2007, and Gold Coast’s Best Steak Restaurant.可知 MooMoo 已经获得了许多奖项，包括昆士兰 2008 年最佳牛排餐厅，2007 年黄金河畔餐厅，和黄金海岸最佳牛排餐厅。由此可知，MooMoo The Wine Bar 的牛排很有名。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Jellyfish Restaurant 部分中 Its aim is to source and serve fishes of 8 species daily, - 5 - to learn and understand the texture and qualities of each species and recommend the best way to cook to its customers and serve for the fine experience.可知其目标是每天收集和供应 8 种鱼类， 学习和了解每种鱼类的质地和品质，并向顾客推荐最佳的烹饪方法和服务，以获得良好的体 验。由此可知，如果你想学习一些烹饪技巧，你可以选择 Jellyfish Restaurant。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Tibetian kitchen 部分中 With a beautiful setting on the bank of the Brisbane river, Tibetian Kitchen is all about beautifully presented dishes which look like pieces of perfect artwork. This is what Tibetian Kitchen differs from other restaurants above.可知在布里斯班河岸边的一个 美丽的位置，Tibetian 厨房呈现的菜肴都是精美的，看起来像一件件完美的艺术品。这就是 Tibetian Kitchen 与上述其他餐厅的不同之处。由此可知，Tibetian Kitchen 与文中提到的其他餐 厅的不同之处在于它的食物呈现的方式相当令人满意。故选 D。 B By the 1970s, the Olympic Marathon had come a long way from the dusty roads of Athens. Yet women were still not allowed to compete and the struggle to establish a women’s Olympic Marathon was itself something of a long-distance race. Women had been excluded from long-distance running until 1928, when the typical long race was the 800 meters. The women competitors hadn’t properly prepared for the race and several fell down and became temporarily unconscious due to extreme tiredness. This led Olympic organizers in 1928 to consider the marathon too violent for women. This is not to say there was no tradition of women’s long-distance running. Women had been prohibited from participating in the ancient Olympics by the cruel law. But women in ancient Greece held their own festival to honor the goddess Hera every five years. Only one athletic event was held — a running race. When the Olympics were revived in 1896, women were again excluded. However, in 1967, women’s ability in running attracted great attention. Number 261 in the Boston Marathon was given to K V. Switzer. Not until two miles into the race did officials realize that Switzer was a woman. Race officials tried to catch Switzer and remove her from the race but her teammates fended them off with body blocks. And Switzer wasn’t scared by officials’ aggressive actions. She kept running. Although the running was demanding, Switzer didn’t give up and eventually finished the race. Switzers story made the quest for equality in long-distance running for women a political issue. - 6 - Slowly, the rules did begin to change. The first women’s marathon officially agreed by the IAAF was the Tokyo International, held in 1979. IAAF president Adriaan Paulen watched the race. He was so impressed by the level of the competition that he announced he would fully support the effort to establish a women’s marathon in the Olympics. Soon the IAAF recommended to the IOC that a women’s marathon be included in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. And the advice was adopted. 4. What was the reason for women’s failing to attend the Olympic Marathon in 1928? A. They generally weren’t enthusiastic about it. B. They were thought not strong enough for it. C. They weren’t supported by the public to attend it. D. They were too tired to make full preparations for it. 5. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 3? A. separated B. banned C. freed D. protected 6. Which of the following best describe Switzer? A. Brave and determined. B. Talented and kind. C. Honest and easygoing. D. Optimistic and clever. 7. What’s Adriaan Paulen’s contribution to women’s running? A. Letting women have the right to compete against men in running. B. Making a series of rules for women’s running. C. Having trained many outstanding women runners. D. Helping women be qualified for the Olympic Marathon. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了女性在争取女子长跑马拉松资格中的努力，在 1928 年以前， 女子长跑一直被排除在外。当奥运会在 1896 年恢复时，妇女再次被排除在外，而一个名为 K V. Switzer 的女性因为勇敢和比赛官方斗争，并完成了比赛使追求女性长跑平等成为一个政治问 题。后来在 Adriaan Paulen 的建议下女性获得参加奥运会马拉松的资格。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 The women competitors hadn’t properly prepared for the race and several fell down and became temporarily unconscious due to extreme tiredness. This led Olympic - 7 - organizers in 1928 to consider the marathon too violent for women.可知女选手们没有做好比赛准 备，有几位选手因极度疲劳而摔倒，暂时失去意识。这使得 1928 年的奥运会组织者认为马拉 松比赛对女性来说过于激烈了。由此可知，女子未能参加 1928 年奥运会马拉松比赛的原因是 他们被认为不够强壮。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据后文 from participating in the ancient Olympics by the cruel law…Only one athletic event was held — a running race.可知在古代，残酷的法律禁止妇女参加奥运会。唯一能 参加的体育赛事就是跑步比赛。由此可知，划线单词意思为“禁止”。A. separated 分开；B. banned 禁止；C. freed 解放；D. protected 保护。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中 Race officials tried to catch Switzer and remove her from the race but her teammates fended them off with body blocks. And Switzer wasn’t scared by officials’ aggressive actions. She kept running. Although the running was demanding, Switzer didn’t give up and eventually finished the race. Switzers story made the quest for equality in long-distance running for women a political issue. Slowly, the rules did begin to change.可知比赛官员试图抓住 Switzer 并把 她带离比赛，但她的队友用身体挡开了他们。瑞士官员的激进行动并没有吓倒他们。她一直 在跑。虽然跑起来很吃力，但 Switzer 没有放弃，最终完成了比赛。Switzer 的故事使追求女性 长跑平等成为一个政治问题。慢慢地，规则开始改变。由此可推知，Switzer 是个勇敢挑战权 威，且坚定完成了比赛的女性。故选 A。 【7 题详解】 细节理 解题。根据 最后一段中 He was so impressed by the level of the competition that he announced he would fully support the effort to establish a women’s marathon in the Olympics. Soon the IAAF recommended to the IOC that a women’s marathon be included in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. And the advice was adopted.可知比赛的水平给他留下了深刻的印象，他宣布他将全力 支持女子马拉松在奥运会上的发展。不久，国际田联向国际奥委会推荐在 1984 年洛杉矶奥运 会中加入女子马拉松。这个建议被采纳了。由此可知，Adriaan Paulen 对女子跑步的贡献是帮 助女性获得参加奥运会马拉松的资格。故选 D。 C We often hear such statements: “I spilled (洒出) juice, but it wasn’t my fault.”, “I got in trouble at school, but it wasn’t my fault.” or “I was in a car accident, but it wasn’t my fault.” That “It’s not - 8 - my fault.” is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers. Parents complain they are tired of the “excuse”. The reason why variations of “It’s not my fault.” are so popular is that it lets us off the hook from guilt and blame. I’m a fan of not owning responsibility for things that I can’t control. Teens who often say “It’s my fault.” when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical, perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression. While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself, many teens over-rely on “It’s not my fault.” When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault. The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle. No one wins. A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase. Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives. This sense has been shown to cause low motivation. Besides creating feelings of lack of ability, overuse of “It’s not my fault.” focuses a teen’s attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done. People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway. The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake. One can certainly stay in water, yelling, “It’s not my fault.” However, that won’t get him out of water. He needs to swim to the shore, regardless of the fault. If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens, you can help them avoid over-reliance on “It’s not my fault.” 8. What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1? A. The teenagers’ dislike for school life. B. The common trouble faced by teenagers. C. The reasons for blaming others for accidents. D. The tendency for people not to be responsible for mess in life. 9. What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure according to the text? A. Those lacking confidence and ambition. B. Those allowing others to find excuses. C. Those unable to get along well with others. - 9 - D. Those often blaming themselves for some incidents. 10. What’s the author’s attitude to parents’ usual way of guiding children? A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Ambiguous. D. Neutral. 11. What lesson is conveyed in the example often shared by the author? A. We should try to avoid troubling others. B. We should focus on how to solve problems. C. We should dare to point out others’ mistakes. D. We should be self-critical as much as possible. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。青少年经常说“不是我的错”，作者分析了其原因、危害及父母应该如何 引导孩子承担责任。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。第一段提到：我们经常在生活中听到这样的言论“橙汁洒了，但不是我的错； 我在学校陷入麻烦，但不是我的错；我出车祸了，但不是我的错”，最后一句总结上述言论 That “It’s not my fault.” is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers.(“不是我 的错”是很多人尤其是青少年的应急反应)，由此可推知，第一段主要描述了人们不想为生活 中的麻烦事负责的倾向，总是脱口而出“不是我的错”。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Teens who often say “It’s my fault.” when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical, perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression.(当不好的事情发生时，经常说“是我的错”的青少年倾向于高度自我批评，完美主 义，并且更容易被焦虑和沮丧困扰)可知，经常因为事情责怪自己的人倾向于遭受极大的精神 压力。故选 D 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“When trying to get them to take responsibility, parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault. The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle.(当试图让孩子承担责任时，父母通常说服孩子是他们的错。这个方 法倾向于无效，并且会变成权利斗争)”可知，作者对父母引导孩子的方法持消极态度。故选 - 10 - B 项。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。第五段举了一个例子，如果一个人被推进湖里，他可以大喊“不是我的错”， 但这无济于事，虽然不是他的错，他还是要想办法游到岸上去，印证了本段第一句提到的“人 们可能不是所有问题的原因，但是无论如何他们必须解决这些问题”，所以作者通过这个例 子想分享的教训是人们应该专注于如何解决问题。故选 B 项。 D Cells in our brain usually send “stop eating” signal when we’ve had enough. But after mice ate fatty foods for just two weeks, their brains’ brake on overeating quieted down. That finding may help explain the complex link between food and appetite that can become disordered when people overeat. Food is essential to life. Our brains have, therefore, evolved a series of systems to make sure we eat enough. Garret Stuber, a neuroscientist at the University of Washington, together with his team took aim at one brain area known to be involved in eating behaviors. This lateral hypothalamus (下丘脑外侧区) contains many diverse cells Stuber’s group looked at the behaviors of genes in the cells here. And in one type—glutamatergic nerve (谷氨酸能神经) cells—big differences appear between fat mice and lean ones. Earlier work by Stuber’s group had suggested that these cells act like a brake on eating. When the researchers prevented these cells from firing, mice suddenly overate. They also fattened up. But it wasn’t clear how the cells’ activity changed as the mice transitioned from slim to fat. “Obesity doesn’t just happen overnight,” notes Stuber. To find out the secret, his group undertook a new study. They fed mice high-fat food. Now and again, they’d use a fancy microscope to look at how well the animals’ glutamatergic cells could fire off signals. Two weeks into the high-fat food—even before the mice became round – the activity of these nerve cells had slowed. It continued as the animals grew larger over a 12-week period. “The cells’ activity was going down as a function of high-fat diet. The results suggest that the high-fat diet is removing the brake on eating and obesity,” explains Stuber. It’s hard to say whether similar cells normally control people’s appetite. Brain-imaging tests have shown that the same brain region —the hypothalamus—plays a role when people shift between hunger and feeling full. - 11 - 12. What happened after the mice ate fatty foods for two weeks? A. Their appetite was getting worse. B. Their brains became disordered. C. They refused to eat zero fat food. D. They lacked a feeling of fullness. 13. It can be learned from the text that glutamatergic nerve cells ________. A. are easily found in lean mice B. can prevent mice from overeating C. function well under any condition D. are a main part of lateral hypothalamus 14. Why did Stuber’s group undertake the new study? A. To study the role of glutamatergic cells in mice’s fattening up. B. To find out the link between high-fat diets and obesity. C. To find out deciding factors in mice’s appetite. D. To study the eating habit of fat mice. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Obesity influences glutamatergic nerves’ function. B. Glutamatergic nerves decide people’s appetite. C. High-fat diets lead to overeating. D. Our brains control our food choices. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员通过试验发现，老鼠只吃了两周的高脂肪食物， 他们的大脑对过量饮食的抑制就会平静下来。这一发现可能有助于解释食物和食欲之间的复 杂联系，当人们吃得过多时，食欲会变得紊乱。研究人员发现侧下丘脑中一种名为谷氨酸能 神经的细胞可以防止暴饮暴食，就像是进食的刹车，而高脂肪饮食会让这类细胞的活动减缓。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 But after mice ate fatty foods for just two weeks, their brains’ brake on overeating quieted down.可知但是，老鼠只吃了两周的高脂肪食物，他们的大脑对过量饮食的 抑制就会平静下来。由此可知，老鼠吃了两周高脂肪食物后，发生了缺乏饱腹感的情况。故 选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 And in one type—glutamatergic nerve (谷氨酸能神经) cells—big differences appear between fat mice and lean ones.可知在一种类型的谷氨酸神经细胞中，肥壮老 - 12 - 鼠和瘦老鼠之间出现了巨大的差异。以及第四段中 Earlier work by Stuber’s group had suggested that these cells act like a brake on eating. When the researchers prevented these cells from firing, mice suddenly overate.可知斯图博团队早期的研究表明，这些细胞起到了抑制进食的作用。 当 研究人员阻止这些细胞活动时，老鼠突然暴饮暴食。由此可知，谷氨酸神经细胞可以防止老 鼠暴饮暴食。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Obesity doesn’t just happen overnight,” notes Stuber. To find out the secret, his group undertook a new study. They fed mice high-fat food. Now and again, they’d use a fancy microscope to look at how well the animals’ glutamatergic cells could fire off signals.可知 “肥胖不是一夜之间就会发生的，” Stuber 指出。为了找出这个秘密，他的小组进行了一项 新的研究。他们给老鼠喂高脂肪食物。时不时地，他们会用一台奇特的显微镜来观察动物的 谷氨酸细胞发出信号的能力。由此可推知，Stuber 的小组进行这项新的研究，是为了研究谷氨 酸细胞在老鼠增肥中的作用。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 But after mice ate fatty foods for just two weeks, their brains’ brake on overeating quieted down. That finding may help explain the complex link between food and appetite that can become disordered when people overeat.可知但是，老鼠只吃了两周的高脂肪食物，他们 的大脑对过量饮食的抑制就会平静下来。这一发现可能有助于解释食物和食欲之间的复杂联 系，当人们吃得过多时，食欲会变得紊乱。结合文章还说明了研究人员发现侧下丘脑中一种 名为谷氨酸能神经的细胞可以防止暴饮暴食，就像是进食的刹车，而高脂肪饮食会让这类细 胞的活动减缓。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是高脂肪饮食导致暴饮暴食。故选 C。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据文章内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Do what you love and love what you do and success will come? Well, we wish. ___16___It takes more than just passion to succeed in anything. Passion is just emotion; care is an action. Wishing hard and wanting something really badly won’t give you anything. Passion is a barely controllable emotion, and emotion is not always reliable. ___17___ In today’s world where people always talk about finding your passion, it still seems vague (模 - 13 - 糊的) to many. On the other hand, if you’re asked to find something you care about, it’s easier for you to take action. ___18___ There’s a lot of work to do besides being enthusiastic. For example, you can be enthusiastic about painting, but if you don’t have any art sense and painting skills, you can hardly become an expert in painting. ___19___The belief that you’ll do it well anyway as long as you like it is just an illusion. Learn not just what you care about, but what’s around that too. When you’ve got your focus, try to map out the skills you need to get better at that. When you have the learning plan ready, apply that course you need, get yourself the tools required and start learning and practicing. Success is a way to go, but you can start right now. ___20___But if you’ve already got your passion, it will be good enough to make that your foundation and motivation to keep moving. Start mapping out the skills you need and take actions, Instead of passively letting your passion wander around, be active and do something that will push you forward. A. Care is different, it implies actions. B. “Like it” doesn’t mean “Good at it”. C. Passion alone doesn’t guarantee success. D. However, reality is not as simple as we want it to be. E. You are good at something and you need the world to know. F. Desire to make a difference in the world with your strengths. G. To become an expert, you need to be always learning and improving your skill. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了激情在成功路上的作用，但是要想在任何事情上取得成功，光 有激情是不够的。文章主要说明了在成功路上除激情之外，还需要的一些其他因素。 【16 题详解】 根据后文 It takes more than just passion to succeed in anything.可知要想在任何事情上取得成功， 光有激情是不够的。由此可知，上文提到的“做你热爱的事，热爱你所做的事，成功就会到 - 14 - 来”的想法只是我们所希望的，现实并不是想象的那么简单。故 D 选项“然而，现实并不像 我们想的那样简单”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 【17 题详解】 根据小标题 Passion is just emotion; care is an action.(激情只是情感；关心是一种行动)以及上文 Passion is a barely controllable emotion, and emotion is not always reliable.可知激情是一种几乎无 法控制的情感，情感并不总是可靠的。由此可知，关心意味着要行动。故 A 选项“关心是不 同的，它意味着行动”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 【18 题详解】 根据后文中 For example, you can be enthusiastic about painting, but if you don’t have any art sense and painting skills, you can hardly become an expert in painting.可知例如，你可以对绘画充满热 情，但是如果你没有任何的艺术感和绘画技巧，你很难成为一个绘画专家。由此可知，本段 主要旨在说明喜欢一件事情并不意味着你擅长做这件事。故 B 选项““喜欢”并不意味着“擅 长””符合上下文语境，故选 B。 【19 题详解】 根据上文 For example, you can be enthusiastic about painting, but if you don’t have any art sense and painting skills, you can hardly become an expert in painting.可知例如，你可以对绘画充满热 情，但是如果你没有任何的艺术感和绘画技巧，你很难成为一个绘画专家。以及后文 The belief that you’ll do it well anyway as long as you like it is just an illusion.可知相信只要你喜欢就会做得 很好只是一种幻觉。由此可知，本句承接上文说明要想成为专家，需要不断学习和提高技能， 也不是空想。故 G 选项“要成为专家，你需要不断学习和提高你的技能”符合上下文语境， 故选 G。 【20 题详解】 根 据 后 文 But if you’ve already got your passion, it will be good enough to make that your foundation and motivation to keep moving. Start mapping out the skills you need and take actions, Instead of passively letting your passion wander around, be active and do something that will push you forward.可知但是如果你已经有了你的激情，那就足够让它成为你继续前进的基础和动力 了。开始规划你需要的技能并采取行动，而不是被动地让你的激情四处游荡，积极地做一些 能推动你前进的事情。由此可知，后文 but 表示转折，说明仅仅有激情并不能保证成功，但是 激情可以成为你继续前进的基础和动力。故 C 选项“仅仅有激情并不能保证成功”符合上下 文语境，故选 C。 - 15 - 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。 Chase and Nicole McKeown are both police officers in Elizabeth town in Kentucky. One night, the two off-duty officers ___21___a robbery at a restaurant chain. When they were eating dinner in the restaurant, a man came in ___22___a mask and went up to the counter. “I think we both saw him at the same time,” Nicole said during a news conference. ___23___, she thought the man may be sick, given ___24___season, but soon she knew the mask was for a less innocent ___25___, according to CNN. Nicole added they saw the employees behind the counter ___26___their hands and that’s when we both ___27___what was happening. The monitor video ___28___what happened next. The officers drew their weapons and ___29___the suspect. On the video, the suspect can be seen ____30____his weapon and running out of the door, CNN reported. The couple ____31____to pursue (追赶) him a few blocks away from the restaurant and ____32____him at gunpoint (枪口) until the Louisville Metro Police arrived and ____33____him. “It is my belief that if not for the ____34____actions of these two officers, the robber’s actions inside the ____35____would have escalated (升级). They acted ____36____,” said Deputy Dan Mason of the LMPD’s robbery unit. The couple said the officer instinct (本能) just kicked in as the situation ____37____. “We both looked at each other and said ‘Let’s go,” Chase said. “When it ____38____people’s life in danger, any other officer would have done the ____39____thing,” Nicole said. The suspect is now in ____40____in Louisville, according to the police. 21. A. acted B. made C. found D. prevented 22. A. waving B. wearing C. holding D. carrying 23. A. Later on B. Right away C. At first D. Once more 24. A. flu B. peak C. harvest D. holiday 25. A. aim B. result C. victim D. reason 26. A. put up B. drew back C. took off D. turned - 16 - over 27. A. decided B. feared C. realized D. wondered 28. A. spread B. showed C. copied D. changed 29. A. left B. asked C. seized D. chased 30. A. hiding B. ruining C. dropping D. returning 31. A. agreed B. started C. continued D. offered 32. A. held B. killed C. punished D. searched 33. A. hurt B. arrested C. examined D. threatened 34. A. heroic B. extra C. sudden D. final 35. A. game B. fight C. business D. situation 36. A. crazily B. luckily C. surprisingly D. honorably 37. A. developed B. improved C. changed D. worsened 38. A. goes for B. comes to C. deals with D. fights against 39. A. same B. opposite C. common D. different 40. A. mercy B. prison C. silence D. hospital 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述一对警察夫妻休假期间，在餐馆吃饭时遇上罪犯在饭店抢 劫，其二人出于警察职责将罪犯绳之于法的英勇事迹。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，两个休假警员在餐馆就餐时阻止了一场抢劫事件。A. acted 行动；B. made 制造；C. found 发现；D. prevented 阻止。结合上下文语境，根据文章第四段“The couple___11___ to pursue him a few blocks away from the restaurant and .__12__him at gunpoint until the Louisville Metro Police arrived and __13__ him .”（这对警察夫妻继续追赶罪犯，并在 离饭店几个街区的地方追到，并用枪指着罪犯，直到路易斯登的警察抵达现场并将罪犯逮捕） 可知，他们成功阻止了这次抢劫事件发生。故 D 选项切题。 【22 题详解】 - 17 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们在餐馆吃饭的时候，一个带着口罩的男子进来并直奔收银 台。A. waving 挥手；B. wearing 穿戴（眼镜、口罩、衣物等）； C. holding 举着；D. carrying 携带。文中空格后为 mask 译为口罩、面具，而 wear a mask 译为戴口罩。为了不被被人看到 和认出来。故 B 选项切题。 【23 题详解】 考查副词短语辨析。句意：起初，她认为这个男子可能生病了，因为是流感季节。A. Later on 以后，后来；B. Right away 刚刚；C. At first 起初；D. Once more 再次。在本句中出现转折词 “but”，可知在开始时，他们夫妻二人并未对其有所察觉。故 C 项切题。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，她认为该男子可能生病了，因为是流感季节。A. flu 流感； B. peak 高峰；C. harvest 收获；D. holiday 假期。根据前一句出现“may be sick”（可能生病）， 可知现在可能是流感季节。故 A 项切题。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，她很快了解到这名男子戴口罩的原因并非善意。A. aim 目 标；B. result 结果；C. victim 受害人；D. reason 原因。根据下文提到“they saw the employees behind the counter__6___ heir hands ”（他们看见收银台后的雇员举起双手），可知该男子戴口 罩是有原因的，目的不纯。故 D 选项切题。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：Nicole 又说他们看见收银台后的雇员举起了双手。A. put up 举起； B. drew back 退缩；C. took off 起飞；D. turned over 翻转。根据第四段中“On the video, the suspect can be seen ___10___ his weapon”可知这名男子是罪犯且手持武器，推测出他用武器威 胁收银台后的雇员们举起双手。故 A 选项切题。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我们都意识到发生了什么事情。A. decided 决定；B. feared 害 怕；C. realized 意识到；D. wondered 想知道。文中前半句雇员们举起双手，可知作为警察他 们已经意识到发生的事情。故 C 选项切题。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：监控展示了接下来发生的事情。A. spread 传播；B. showed 展示； C. copied 复制；D. changed 改变。根据常识可知，监视器是将所记录内容展示出来观看。故 B 选项切题。 - 18 - 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察拿出武器并且追赶嫌疑犯。A. left 离开；B. asked 询问；C. seized 抓住；D. chased 追赶。根据文中“the suspect can be seen ___10___ his weapon and running out of the door ”可知罪犯逃跑，他们要追赶罪犯。故 D 选项切题。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据 CNN 报道：从监控显示，嫌疑人扔掉他的武器逃出餐馆大门。 A. hiding 隐藏；B. ruining 毁坏；C. dropping 掉落；D. returning 返回。嫌疑人应该是扔掉武 器迅速逃跑。故 C 选项切题。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻警察继续追赶嫌疑人到离饭店几个街区之外。A. agreed 同意；B. started 开始；C. continued 继续；D. offered 提供。结合前后语境可知，这对夫妻从 罪犯逃出饭店开始一直追赶他到离饭店几个街区之外的地方，将其抓住。故 C 选项切题。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻警察继续追赶罪犯到离饭店几个街区之外，并且拿枪指 着他，直到路易维尔州警察到达并逮捕罪犯。A. held 拿着，抓住；B. killed 杀；C. punished 处 罚；D. searched 搜索。本句中 held sb at gunpoint 译为用枪指着某人，武器应该用手拿着，这 是警察一个常规动作， held 更符合题意。故 A 选项切题。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻警察继续追赶罪犯到离饭店几个街区之外，并且拿枪指 着他，直到路易维尔州警察到达并逮捕嫌疑人。A. hurt 伤害；B. arrested 逮捕； C. examined 检查；D. threatened 威胁。根据常识可知警察到达后应该逮捕罪犯。故 B 选项切题。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：路易维尔州警察局抢劫组副组长 Dan Mason 声称：我相信如果 不是这两个警察的英勇行为，在餐馆内的抢劫事件可能会升级，他们表现值得尊敬。A. heroic 英勇的； B. extra 额外的；C. sudden 突然的；D. final 最终的。根据文段可知他们的英勇行为 及时阻止了犯罪的发生。故 A 选项切题。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：路易维尔州警察局抢劫组副组长 Dan Mason 声称：我相信如果不 是这两个警察的英勇行为，在餐馆内的抢劫事件可能会升级，他们表现值得尊敬。A. game 游 戏； B. fight 战斗；C. business 买卖；D. situation 情况。根据上文可知，抢劫事件发生地点在 - 19 - 一个连锁餐厅，而 business 译为“商业，买卖”，包含餐厅。故 C 选项切题。 【36 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：路易维尔州警察局抢劫组副组长 Dan Mason 声称：我相信如果不 是这两个警察的英勇行为，在餐馆内的抢劫事件可能会升级，他们表现值得尊敬。A. crazily 疯狂地； B. luckily 幸运地；C. surprisingly 吃惊地；D. honorably 光荣地。结合上下文语境， 可知这对夫妻警察英勇的行为是值得尊敬的。故 D 选项切题。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻说随着情况恶化，是警察的本能在起作用。A. developed 发展；B. improved 改善；C. changed 改变；D. worsened 恶化。结合上文可知餐厅内的抢劫事 件可能会升级，即恶化，这时候就需要警察起作用。故 D 选项切题。 【38 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当涉及到人民群众生命危险的时候。A. goes for 选择，挑选；B. comes to 涉及到；C. deals with 处理；D. fights against 对抗。When it comes to…译为“当涉及做某 事时……”为固定句式。故 B 选项切题。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：任何警察都会做同样的事情。A. same 相同的；B. opposite 相反 的；C. common 普通的；D. different 不同的。结合上文语境可知警察的职责就是保护人民生 命安全，当面临危险，他们都会表现一样。故 A 选项切题。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：嫌疑人现在正在路易维尔州的监狱。A. mercy 仁慈的；B. prison 监狱；C. silence 沉默；D. hospital 医院。根据上文可知，嫌疑人被警方逮捕，现在应该在监 狱服刑，而 in prison 译为在监狱。故 B 选项切题。 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 American popular music is played all over the world. People of all ages in all countries enjoy listening to it. The reasons ___41___its popularity are the music’s fast pace and rhythmic beat. The United States ___42___(witness) many origins of popular music so far. Country music coming from the rural areas in the Southern United States is one source. Many people appreciate this music because of the emotions ___43___(express) by country music songs. A ___44___(two) origin of American popular music is the blues. It described ___45___(most) - 20 - sad feelings reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, ___46___it is popular with all Americans. Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style was known as rock and roll in the 1950’s, since when ___47___have been many forms of rock music, hard rock, soft rock, punk rock, disco music and others. Many ___48___(perform) of popular rock music are young ambitious musicians. People hear these songs sung in ___49___(they) original English or sometimes translated into other languages. The words may differ, but the enjoyment of the music is ____50____(benefit) and universal. 【答案】41. for 42. has witnessed 43. expressed 44. second 45. mostly 46. but 47. there 48. performers 49. their 50. beneficial 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国流行音乐受到所有国家不同年龄段的人喜爱的原因， 它的起源以及它的流行形式。 【41 题详解】 考查介词。句意：它受欢迎的原因是音乐的快节奏和有节奏的节拍。结合句意表示“……的 原因”短语为 the reason for…。故填 for。 【42 题详解】 考查动词时态。根据后文 so far“到目前为止”可知应用现在完成时，主语为 The United States， 助动词用 has。故填 has witnessed。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 express 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且 express 与逻辑 主语 emotions 构成的是被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填 expressed。 【44 题详解】 考查数词。句意：美国流行音乐的又一个起源是布鲁斯音乐。a second 表示“ 又一个”。故填 - 21 - second。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：它主要描述了悲伤的情感，反映了美国黑人艰难的生活。此处修饰动词 describe 应用动词 mostly，表示“主要”。故填 mostly。 【46 题详解】 考查连词。句意：它通常由黑人音乐家演奏和演唱，但它很受所有美国人的欢迎。结合上下 文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词 but。故填 but。 【47 题详解】 考查副词。句意：这种音乐风格在 20 世纪 50 年代被称为摇滚，从那时起摇滚乐有很多种形 式，硬摇滚、软摇滚、朋克摇滚、迪斯科音乐等等。此处为 there be 句型，表示“有……”。 故填 there。 【48 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：许多流行摇滚音乐的表演者都是年轻有为的音乐家。此处在句中作主 语，表示“表演者”应用名词 performer，根据前面的修饰语 many 以及后面的动词 are 可知， 此处应填名词的复数形式。故填 performers。 【49 题详解】 考查代词。人们听到这些歌曲用他们的母语唱，或者有时被翻译成其他语言。修饰后文 English 应用形容词性物主代词 their，表示“他们的”。故填 their。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这句话可能不同，但音乐的享受是有益的，是普遍的。根据上文 the enjoyment of the music is 可知此处应填形容词 beneficial 作表语，表示“有益的”。故填 beneficial。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在此处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出修改的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从 11 处起）不计分。 - 22 - Today my parents and I decided to go to the field to pick some wild vegetable. We started out early in the morning. Followed my parents, I walked behind happily. Soon we arrived at a small river. Though it was not wide, we had no way of to cross it. Dad watched for a while or then he had an idea. Soon they three set up a simple bridge with some stones together. And then we crossed a river easily. Finally, we reached the top of the hill, when there were many wild plants fit eat. At dusk, we were so exhausted to walk further. Luckily, our neighbor drive by and picked us up. 【答案】1.vegetable→vegetables 2.Followed→Following 3.去掉 of 4.or→and 5.they→we 6. a→the 7. when→where 8. fit 后添加 to 9. so→too 10. drive→drove 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和父母去田里摘野菜，结果遇到小河过不去，他们一起用 石头搭了一座简单的桥，最后到达山顶找到了可以吃的植物，最后邻居来接他们的事情。 【详解】1.考查名词的数。vegetable 为可数名词，由 some 修饰应用复数形式。故 vegetable 改 为 vegetables。 2.考查非谓语动词。follow 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语 I 构成主动关系，故应 用现在分词，作状语。故 Followed 改为Following。 3.考查介词。句意：虽然它并不宽，但我们没有办法穿过它。结合句意表示“做某事的方法” 短语为 the way to do sth.。故去掉 of。 4.考查连词。句意：爸爸看了一会儿，然后他有了一个主意。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系， 应用连词 and。故 or 改为 and。 5.考查代词。句意：不久，我们三人用几块石头搭起了一座简单的桥。结合句意可知指代作者 和父母三个人，应用代词 we。故 they 改为 we。 - 23 - 6.考查冠词。river 为可数名词，特指前面提到的 river，所以用定冠词 the。故 a 改为 the。 7.考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 hill，且在从句中作地点状语，所以用 where 引导。故 when 改为 where。 8.考查介词。句意：最后，我们到达了山顶，那里有许多野生植物可以吃。结合句意表示“适 合做某事”短语为 be fit to do sth.，fit to eat 作后置定语。故 fit 后添加 to。 9.考查固定短语。句意：黄昏时，我们筋疲力尽，走不动了。表示“太……以至于不能……” 短语为 too…to…。故 so 改为 too。 10.考查动词时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故 drive 改为 drove。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你班外教 Ms. Cindy 任教期满即将回国。作为班长，你将代表班级 在告别 会上发言致谢,并赠送带有中国文化特色的礼物。内容包括： 1. 感激之情； 2. 礼物寓意； 3. 美好祝愿。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hi, everybody On this special occasion, I feel much honored to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms. Cindy for her excellent work. Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study. Ms. Cindy, here’s a pen container, a souvenir that we’ve specially prepared for you. Hopefully you’ll like it. This pen container is made of bamboo, which is evergreen and hollow inside and in Chinese - 24 - culture it’s a symbol of being young and modest. What makes it special is that we’ve all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. Now, I’d also like to wish you a pleasant journey home! Thank you very much! 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇致谢演讲，表达对 Ms. Cindy 的感激和祝愿。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 要求： 1.表达感谢之情 2.赠送礼物 1）介绍礼物 2）礼物的特殊之处以及其表达的寓意 3.表达美好祝愿 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be honored to; express sincere gratitude; thanks to; of great importance; be made of; a symbol of; a good reminder of 第三步：连词成句 1. I feel much honored to represent the class to express our sincere gratitude to Ms. Cindy for her excellent work. 2. Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English. 3. we’ ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study. 4. This pen container is made of bamboo. 5. In Chinese culture it’s a symbol of being young and modest. 6. What makes it special is that we’ve all signed on it, making it a good reminder of the happy time we spent together. - 25 - 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also)…, including 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,on the other hand…, Some…, while others…, as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Thanks to Ms. Cindy’s generous help as well as her great devotion and efforts, we’ve become more interested and done better in English, which will be of great importance to our further study。这句话运用了 which 引导的定语从句。使 用了一些固定词组，如 thanks to; be of great importance 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显 示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增 色添彩。