【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：10

【英语】2020届高考二轮复习英语语法填空特训学案：10

阅读理解板块组合练四 ‎(限时35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Here is a collection of some TV series.For this list, we stick to those that have been released in recent years and we choose not to include TV hits like Game of Thrones or Sherlock.‎ Stranger Things This US television series is a combination of three genres (类型): the typical college movies where the losers rise up, the science fiction films about crazy scientists who reached their top in the 1980s and the horror movies written in the style of Stephen King.This show, starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids, has managed to combine these genres so well that it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide.‎ The Pillars of the Earth It is set in the twelfth century, a time which is considered one of the darkest and most romantic (浪漫的) periods in the history of England.Based on the bestselling novel written by Ken Follett, this TV show starring the brilliant Eddie Redmayne is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years.‎ Mahabharata This Indian Hindilanguage series is liked by many people for being regarded as the simplest and the most fun way to learn about the age-old wisdom of the Indian people.It tells us about the kings and heroes who love, fight and make wise decisions.This drama is about the endless struggle between good and evil.‎ The Crown This story about the transformation of the young Princess Elizabeth into the queen shows everything about the British monarchy (君主制)．It includes many storylines, each of which could be made into a separate TV show.The series focuses on the ageold themes of family, marriage and politics, and this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部近年来比较受观众喜爱的电视剧。‎ ‎1．What do we know about Stranger Things?‎ A．Stephen King determined its style.‎ B．It consists of three children stories.‎ C．Most of its central characters are kids.‎ D．It’s much more popular than Sherlock.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第一部电视剧简介中的“starring Winona Ryder and a group of amazing kids”可知，Stranger Things (《怪奇物语》)的主要角色大部分都是孩子。‎ ‎2．Which aspect of The Pillars of the Earth is stressed in the text?‎ A．Its background.　　　 B．Its staff.‎ C．Its theme song. D．Its plot.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第二部电视剧简介可知，文章主要强调了The Pillars of the Earth (《圣殿春秋》)的时代背景。‎ ‎3．Which TV series is more like a biography?‎ A．Stranger Things. B．The Pillars of the Earth.‎ C．Mahabharata. D．The Crown.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第四部电视剧简介中的“This story about the transformation of the young Princess Elizabeth into the queen”可知，The Crown (《王冠》)是围绕着英国女王的成长故事展开的，比较接近个人传记类型。‎ ‎4．Which of the following do the four TV series share?‎ A．They are highly thought of by the audience.‎ B．Their storylines are relatively complex.‎ C．They mainly discuss universal themes.‎ D．Their original languages are English.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一部电视剧简介中的“it has already acquired a vast army of fans worldwide”，第二部电视剧简介中的“is widely recognized as one of the best historical TV dramas of recent years”，第三部电视剧简介中的“is liked by many people for being regarded as the simplest and the most fun way”和第四部电视剧简介中的“this is probably what makes The Crown win popularity”可推知，这四部电视剧都受到观众的好评。‎ B A Welsh folk singer won first prize on Saturday in the Chinese Song UK contest, in which competitors sang in Mandarin and Cantonese (广东话)．Alec Loane impressed the audience with his lively performance and lovely performance of the Chinese love song The Moon Represents My Heart at a theater in Manchester.‎ ‎“I have sung Chinese songs for many years, and my friends have always enjoyed my singing，” Loane, 58, said after the contest.Loane said he was pleasantly surprised that his hobby eventually brought him applause, and the 3,000-pound prize.“I’m over the moon，” he said.“I knew some new friends from Beijing 20 years ago.They told me some information about Confucius, Beijing Duck, the Spring Festival and so on, which attracted me a lot.From then on, I have been trying to learn more about Chinese culture，” he said.‎ Ten competitors reached the final round of the contest, performing before an audience of about 1,000 people.Gabriel Mayoral-Galindo, 21, sang the love song You Exist in My Song ‎ and impressed people on social media.His interest in the Chinese language started in middle school, when he got an opportunity to visit China.‎ ‎“My brothers and I sang in Chinese to Li Keqiang, the Chinese Premier, when he visited the UK.That encouraged me to put more effort into learning Chinese，” he said.Mayoral-Galindo, who is a student at the University of Leeds, said he would study for a postgraduate degree at Shanghai‎ Drama ‎School.‎ David Geary, 24, won a long round of applause from the audience for his original composition The Dialect.A past winner of the Chinese Bridge Mandarin speaking competition, Geary rapped (说唱) in Chinese — in both the Guizhou and Beijing dialects.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了在“唱响英伦”中文歌曲大赛上，一位威尔士民歌歌手演唱一首中国歌曲《月亮代表我的心》而获奖。‎ ‎5．What did Loane impress the audience in the competition? ‎ A．His handsome appearance.‎ B．His wonderful performance.‎ C．His original composition.‎ D．His standard Mandarin.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，Alec Loane生动深情地演唱了《月亮代表我的心》，给观众留下了深刻的印象。故Alec Loane以出色的表演给观众留下深刻的印象。‎ ‎6．What do you know about Loane? ‎ A．He is a lover of Chinese culture.‎ B．His friends taught him how to speak Chinese.‎ C．His friends encouraged him to take part in the contest.‎ D．He was worried about the competition but happy with the winning.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，58岁的Loane 20年前认识了来自北京的几位新朋友，他们给他讲了中国的孔子、北京烤鸭、中国春节等，这些深深吸引了Loane的兴趣。从那时起，Loane就开始设法更多地了解中国文化。由此可推知，Loane是中国文化爱好者。‎ ‎7．What’s MayoralGalindo’s future plan? ‎ A．To sing a song for the Chinese.‎ B．To go to China for a teaching job.‎ C．To go to China for a further study.‎ D．To go on with his further study in his homeland.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，MayoralGalindo正就读于利兹大学，他将去上海戏剧学院攻读研究生学位，故MayoralGalindo未来计划去中国继续深造。‎ C ‎(2018·河南中原名校联考)Chances are that you’ve had to apologize plenty of times in your life.And there’s a good chance that you’ve also expressed the phrase, “I never meant to hurt you.”‎ ‎“Stop doing that，” says author Caroline Myss.‎ In a talk, Myss — a spiritual researcher — took on the topic of forgiveness and healing, and explained definitely why “I never meant to hurt you” is never a sufficient apology, no matter who it comes from.‎ ‎“Picture that person coming up to you and saying, ‘Wow, I’m sorry I did this, but, you know, I never meant to hurt you. And, hey, can we just call it a day？’” Myss says.‎ Though it can make the two bury the hatchet and keep friendship, that type of apology won’t sit well with the person on the receiving end. “That whole little thing — ‘I never meant to hurt you’ — that’s the thing you can’t forgive，” she says.“It goes right to your soul, that toxic (有毒的) and sick feeling.”‎ Instead, Myss says it’s important to approach the conversation differently.Basically, it’s about offering more than an apology.It’s about sharing a soultosoul confession (忏悔)．“Let’s redo the scene，” Myss says. “The person comes up to you and says ...’I need to tell you something.I consciously knew what I was doing.I know I went against you.This is not an apology.I am confessing my soul to you, and I’m asking now for your forgiveness.’” ‎ Even saying those words on stages makes Myss visibly emotional, and she points out that this is how deeply apologies within the soul are supposed to resonate (引起共鸣)．‎ ‎“That’s what heals，” she says.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。每个人在道歉的时候都会说“我从没想过要伤害你”。专家认为这不是有效的诚恳的道歉方式，真正的道歉应该用别的方式，把重点放在你做的错事上，发自心灵地进行忏悔。‎ ‎8．What does Myss think of the expression “I never meant to hurt you”？‎ A．It must put the friendship to an end.‎ B．It is a great way to express an apology.‎ C．It doesn’t have any effect on restoring the relation.‎ D．It can’t express an apology thoroughly and sincerely.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段以及第五段第一句“Though it can make ...the person on the receiving end.”可知，卡罗琳·米斯明确地表示这句话绝不是一种彻底的最终能被人接受的道歉方式。由此可推测，她认为这句话不能彻底、诚恳地表达歉意。故选D项。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined phrase “bury the hatchet” mean? ‎ A．end the friendship B．make up C．bury the fighting tool D．accept the apology 解析：选B　词义猜测题。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列成分，根据and后的“keep friendship”以及句首的Though可以推断，此处应指双方和解。由此可猜测，bury the hatchet的意思是“和解”，与make up意思相近。故选B项。‎ ‎10．How should we apologize according to Myss?‎ A．We should confess our faults and ask for forgiveness.‎ B．We should say sincerely “I never meant to hurt you”．‎ C．We can go into a deep conversation to argue with our friend.‎ D．We are supposed to make up with the other by giving some gifts to him.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“The person comes up to you and says ...for your forgiveness.’”可知，米斯认为道歉应该是坦白自己的错误，向对方作出忏悔，请求对方的原谅。故选A项。‎ ‎11．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?‎ A．To encourage people to apologize first.‎ B．To tell people how to apologize sincerely.‎ C．To introduce the topic of forgiveness and healing.‎ D．To explain why people can’t say “I never meant to hurt you”．‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文通过引用专家的话告诉读者，真正的道歉不是一句“我从没打算伤害你”，而是坦白自己的错误，向对方真诚地忏悔，然后请求对方的原谅。由此可推测，作者的目的是告诉读者如何真诚地道歉。故选B项。‎ D People around the world are hungry to learn.Instructor Barbara Oakley discovered this when her online course Learning How to Learn attracted over 1.5 million students.‎ Part of the goal of her course is to present some of the facts that get in the way of learning; above all is the fact that we think we’re bad at something or too old to make a change.“People can often do more, change more and learn more than they’ve ever dreamed.” Oakley writes.‎ Oakley thinks it important to keep learning.Throughout her early schooling, she flunked math and science classes and resisted family pressure to go after a science degree.Today? She’s a scientist at Oakland University, after many different jobs in between.‎ Besides being fun, Oakley explains, continued learning can serve us well in our career.Many people are attending a program called “secondskilling”．When we lose our ‎ job, having other skills can give us more choices.We can also choose to take on different responsibilities within the same organization.‎ A Dutch university employee enriched her career thanks to her gaming skill.She became the community manager of the university’s online courses.We can never tell where our skill will lead us or where it will come in handy.‎ Oakley offers many tips that make learning more efficient (高效的)．In order to absorb information, our brains need periods of focus followed by periods of mindwandering.So learners will actually learn more if they have the time for rest and relaxation.We should also experiment with different levels of background sound to achieve best focus.Quiet leads to deeper focus, while mild background sound may encourage creative thinking.Research is now exploring what learning looks like in the brain and it’s bad news for those who loved to cram (突击准备考试)．The brain can only build so many neurons (神经元) each night; regular practice is important.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人类是热爱学习的，只要坚持不懈，方法得当，终能学有所用。‎ ‎12．What is the biggest barrier to our learning according to Barbara Oakley?‎ A．Our low life goals.　　 B．Our passive beliefs.‎ C．Our personal interest. D．Our learning disability.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，Oakley认为我们学习中的最大障碍就是自己的消极意识：认为自己不擅长或是年纪大了不适合作改变就不去学习了。‎ ‎13．What does the underlined word “flunked” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?‎ A．Failed. B．Rejected.‎ C．Attended. D．Enjoyed.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境可知，Oakley数学和科学学得不好，家人不同意她选择科学专业，但她还是顶住压力勇敢追求自己的梦想，最后成为知名大学的科学家。由此可推知，flunk意为“(考试、测验等)失败，不及格”。‎ ‎14．What does the author mainly want to show in Paragraph 4?‎ ‎ A．The surprises brought by secondskilling.‎ B．The wide choices coming with more skills.‎ C．The necessity of learning professional skills.‎ D．The benefits of keeping learning to our career.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容特别是第一句“Besides being fun, Oakley explains, continued learning can serve us well in our career.”可知，作者在这一段通过具体的事例表明不断的学习有助于我们事业的发展。‎ ‎15．Which of the following tips would Oakley agree with?‎ A．Study in a quiet environment.‎ B．Keep focused for being efficient.‎ C．Stay up for an exam when needed.‎ D．Include relaxation in the learning process.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In order to absorb information ...have the time for rest and relaxation.”可知，Oakley赞成学习一段时间后要放松一下。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 When hiring managers post jobs, they get more applications than they want to go through. 16 Avoiding these common job application mistakes will help keep your application out of the garbage.‎ ‎ 17 ‎ The instructions are very important.Failing to follow instructions will get your application thrown away because it shows the hiring manager that you lack attention to detail.‎ Ignore the required attachments (附件)．‎ When a job posting requires more than an application form, the organization is telling you that they will use these additional materials to make the decision. 18 Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.‎ Apply for a job you are obviously overqualified for.‎ Someone with 20 years of experience in academic research who applies for a technician (技术员) position can obviously perform the tasks; however, this person is almost certainly a bad hire. 19 ‎ Leave the reader confused.‎ Often hiring managers want a clear picture of what each candidate will bring to the job. 20 Be as brief as possible while giving a thorough explanation of why you would be good for the job.‎ A．Work out the details carefully.‎ B．Using too many long or rare words will bore readers.‎ C．Pay no attention to instructions on the application form.‎ D．This person would find the position boring and leave soon.‎ E．They try to sort out people who are unlikely to be successful in the job.‎ F．Applying for a job you are unqualified for wastes your time and the employer’s time.‎ G．If you ignore these materials, the hiring manager is missing information to compare you with other applicants.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当我们在申请工作时，我们的职位申请表如何才能不被招聘者丢到一边？文章建议我们要避免一些不必要的错误。‎ ‎16．选E　根据空前的内容可知，招聘者要浏览很多的申请表，所以他们要努力淘汰一些他们认为不能胜任该职位的申请人。‎ ‎17．选C　由本段的内容可知，作者告诫我们一定要注意招聘广告上的说明，如果不按照要求做的话，那招聘者会认为你不注重细节。因此C项作为小标题，告诉我们一个求职者会犯的错误：忽略申请表上的指示。‎ ‎18．选G　根据空后的内容“Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.”可知，如果你忽略了这些东西，招聘者就不能用这些信息来把你与其他人相比较，这样就可能会因为相关附件的缺失而导致我们的申请表被扔到一边去了。‎ ‎19．选D　根据前文可知，对于一个能力大于实际职位需要的人来说，他们有可能会在工作之后不久就会感到无聊而因此离职，因此这也不是一个成功的招聘。‎ ‎20．选B　根据空后的“Be as brief as possible”可知，此处建议我们要言简意赅，否则会让招聘者感到无聊，不想再继续看下去。‎