四川省蓉城名校联盟2020届高三第二次联考英语试题 Word版含解析

四川省蓉城名校联盟2020届高三第二次联考英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 蓉城名校联盟2017级高三第二次联考 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写淸楚，考生考试条形码由监考老师粘贴在答题卡上的“条形码粘贴处”。‎ ‎2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草搞纸上、试卷上答题无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后由监考老师将答题卡收回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. How will the man go to New York?‎ A. By bus. B. By car. C. By plane.‎ ‎2. Where does the conversation probably cake place?‎ A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.‎ ‎3. What is the time now?‎ A. 9:55. B. 10:05. C. 5.00.‎ ‎4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Workmates. B. Old friends. C. Neighbors.‎ ‎5. What does the man mean?‎ A. Japanese is the most difficult to learn.‎ B. He doesn't like learning languages.‎ - 28 -‎ C. A language is not easy to learn.‎ 第二节（共l5小题；每小题l.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What does the woman want Mike to do?‎ A. Take some medicine. B. See her every six weeks. C. Go on a diet.‎ ‎7. What are the two speakers talking about?‎ A. Mike’s plan. B. Mike's weight problem. C. Mike's favorite sport.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。‎ ‎8. What does the woman want to tell the man?‎ A. She has found an apartment.‎ B. She has found a new job.‎ C. She has found a roommate.‎ ‎9. Why does the woman want to share an apartment with another person?‎ A. She doesn't like to live alone.‎ B. The rent is too high.‎ C. It's difficult to find an apartment.‎ ‎10. How does the man feel about what the woman has done?‎ A. Satisfied. B. Surprised. C. Puzzled.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。‎ ‎1l. How does Jenny feel about Mike's cooking?‎ A. She is pleased that he can do it.‎ B. She thinks that he can do it well.‎ C. She doubts whether he can do it well.‎ ‎12 How often does Mike cook dinner?‎ A. Every day. B. Once a week. C. Several times a week.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎13. Who is Steve?‎ A. Mike's friend. B. Mike's brother. C. Mike's father.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。‎ ‎14. What is the man doing?‎ A. Selling used books. B. Buying used books. C. Looking for used books.‎ ‎15. What is the book Today’s World about?‎ A. Math. B. Science. C. Writing.‎ ‎16. How much will the woman pay for the books she wants to buy?‎ A. 21 dollars. B. 27 dollars. C. 34 dollars.‎ ‎17. Why doesn't the woman want to buy the other books?‎ A. She thinks they are expensive.‎ B. She knows they are old books.‎ C. She is afraid they might not be needed.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第18至第20三个小题。‎ ‎18. Whom is Walnut Hill open to?‎ A. Famous artists in the USA.‎ B. Students from secondary schools.‎ C. Art students around the world.‎ ‎19. What are you expected to do at Walnut Hill?‎ A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a performance. C. Work as an art teacher.‎ ‎20. What is the purpose of the speaker?‎ A. To invite you to study in Walnut Hill.‎ B. To introduce artists in Walnut Hill.‎ C. To tell about the history of Walnut Hill.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A - 28 -‎ George: Our capital city sums up our culture. London's skyline is justly famous for the different buildings that can be seen such as the Post Office Tower, the “Gherkin” and the Tower of London, to name just a few. Finally, there is Big Ben and the House of Parliament where the government is based. England does have a monarchy (君主) but it is really the government that is in power. London is particularly great on 5th November when we celebrate Guy Fawkes Night. This was the night in 1605 when Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Parliament. On that night every year the sky around London is full of fireworks.‎ Yoshi: Because our country is a group of islands, most of our food comes from the sea and we are particularly famous for our raw fish. Noodles and rice are also important. Japanese food has changed very little through the ages. For example, it is still considered correct to eat with chopsticks instead of a knife and a fork. It is also expected that before we staff eating we say “itadakimasu”. We even say it to ourselves when we are alone. English people can find this strange when eating with us. There is no translation really, the best being “I shall receive”, but that doesn't mean much I suppose.‎ Helen: The Isles of Scilly is not really a different country but it certainly has a different way of life and that life is controlled by the world around us. Our islands are not very inviting. They are very rocky with lots of hills and valleys and it is almost impossible to get away from the sea. It is also very,‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ very windy here because it is the place where the Atlantic begins. However, it is also very beautiful and the summers are great. On the Isles of Scilly we believe in living close to nature. We still live a quite traditional life on the island and we take great care to preserve the natural character of the islands.‎ ‎1. The author writes the passage to .‎ A. provide tourist information B. introduce various cultures C. attract more students from overseas D. explain some historical events ‎2. What happened in London in 1605?‎ A. Guy Fawkes set off fireworks in parliament.‎ B. People began to celebrate Guy Fawkes Night.‎ C. The Parliament narrowly escaped being exploded.‎ D. The sky around London was full of fireworks on 5th November.‎ ‎3. Yoshi tells about Japanese culture mainly through their .‎ A. food B. architecture C. climate D. religion ‎4. What does Helen say about the Isles of Scilly?‎ A. It is rich in natural resources.‎ B. People there like to invite visitors to their homes.‎ C. It has quite a few scenic spots.‎ D. People there enjoy living close to the nature.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章中作者主要通过三个不同国家的人，描述他们自己国家的文化，来介绍世界上的多种不同文化。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读文章可知，George主要讲述伦敦城市文化；Yoshi主要讲述日本食物文化； Helen - 28 -‎ 主要讲述锡利群岛上人们喜欢亲近大自然的生活方式。可推测出，作者写这篇文章就是为了介绍多种不同的文化。B. introduce various cultures (介绍多种文化) 符合题意。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中London is particularly great on 5th November when we celebrate Guy Fawkes Night. This was the night in 1605 when Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Parliament. (伦敦在11月5日庆祝Guy Fawkes Night时特别好。在1605年的晚上Guy Fawkes试图炸毁议会)可知，Guy Fawkes只是试图炸了议会，但是并没有炸成功。C. The Parliament narrowly escaped being exploded. (议会险些被炸毁) 符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Because our country is a group of islands, most of our food comes from the sea and we are particularly famous for our raw fish. Noodles and rice are also important. Japanese food has changed very little through the ages. (因为我们的国家是一群岛屿，大部分的食物来自海洋，我们尤其以我们的生鱼闻名。面条和米饭也很重要。这些年来日本食物变化不大)可知，Yoshi通过食物来讲述日本文化。故选A项。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。On the Isles of Scilly we believe in living close to nature. We still live a quite traditional life on the island and we take great care to preserve the natural character of the islands. (在Isles of Scilly群岛上，我们相信亲近大自然。我们仍然在岛上过着非常传统的生活，我们非常注意保护岛屿的自然特征)可知，当地人们喜欢岛上的大自然生活。D. People there enjoy living close to the nature. (人们喜欢亲近大自然的生活) 符合题意。故选D项。‎ B Russia has announced that it is developing a specialized washing machine for astronauts to use in space. The announcement came from a missile, spaceship and space station manufacturer RKK.‎ Normal washing machines require gravity to function, not to mention significant amounts of water that has to be stored somewhere and increases weight — they are not suitable for space missions (任务). This means that astronauts cannot wash their clothes and either have to pack enough for their whole trip or rely on costly resupply missions and throw used items into space.‎ - 28 -‎ Crewmembers taking part in long-term missions on the International Space Station (ISS) often end up wearing the same garments for several continuous days and just change into new ones when they get dirty. Aside from this issue, wearing dirty clothes can be uncomfortable for the astronauts and could also provide perfect conditions for dangerous bacteria to grow and spread.‎ RKK has previously outlined plans for a space washing machine in a Russian space industry journal paper published in 2017. In the paper, the authors estimated (估计) that 1,450 pounds of clothes are surprisingly transported to the ISS every year to cover the requirements of just three astronauts. And this quantity could increase to three tons for a two-year voyage to Mars involving six crewmembers and could increase the costs and complexity of a mission.‎ The Russian scientists said that, instead of water, the washing machine would use the carbon dioxide produced by the astronauts’ breathing in the spaceship. Special technology would then turn the gas into a liquid under high pressure in order to clean the clothes.‎ The Russian designs are not the first proposals for a space washing machine. NASA has previously made a model of a low-power, low-water washing device (设备) which was designed to work in the microgravity of low-Earth orbit or that of the moon or Mars.‎ ‎5. Normal washing machines are not suitable in the spaceship mainly because __________.‎ A. they lead to serious space pollution B. they make some bacteria spread C. they require gravity to function D. they increase the weight of the spaceship ‎6. What might be the biggest advantage of the specialized washing machine?‎ A. Helping astronauts dry their clothes.‎ B. Having a competition against NASA.‎ C. Making the missions cheaper and easier.‎ D. Getting astronauts to adapt to the environment.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎7. Where can astronauts get the liquid for washing clothes in the spaceship?‎ A. From the water tank in the spaceship. B. From the outer space.‎ C. From the recycling water in the spaceship. D. From the gas carbon dioxide.‎ ‎8. What does the text mainly talk about?‎ A. Russia is developing a space washing machine.‎ B. A space washing machine has been used in Russia.‎ C. NASA’s made a model of a space washing machine.‎ D. RKK transports tons of clothes to astronauts in space.‎ ‎【答案】5. C 6. C 7. D 8. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。俄罗斯宣布正在开发一种宇航员在太空中使用的专用洗衣机。洗衣机将使用宇航员在宇宙飞船中呼吸产生的二氧化碳，而不是水。特殊的技术将气体在高压下变成液体，以便清洗衣服。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Normal washing machines require gravity to function, not to mention significant amounts of water that has to be stored somewhere and increases weight-they are not suitable for space missions.（普通的洗衣机需要重力才能正常工作，更不用说大量的水了，这些水必须储存在某处并增加重量——它们不适合太空任务。）可知普通的洗衣机不适合在宇宙飞船里使用，主要是因为它们需要重力来运转。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句And this quantity could increase to three tons for a two-year voyage to Mars involving six crewmembers and could increase the costs and complexity of a mission.（这一数量可能会增加到3吨，用于为期两年的火星之旅，包括6名宇航员，这可能会增加任务的成本和复杂性。）可推测定制洗衣机最大的优点是使在太空洗衣更便宜更容易。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The Russian scientists said that, instead of water, the washing machine would use the carbon dioxide produced by the astronauts’ breathing in the - 28 -‎ ‎ spaceship.（俄罗斯科学家说，洗衣机将使用宇航员在宇宙飞船中呼吸产生的二氧化碳，而不是水。）可知宇航员会从气体二氧化碳得到洗衣服的液体。故选D。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段Russia has announced that it is developing a specialized washing machine for astronauts to use in space.（俄罗斯宣布正在开发一种宇航员在太空中使用的专用洗衣机。）以及文章主要内容围绕着俄罗斯正在研制一种太空洗衣机这一事件，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如第二小题，根据第四段最后一句And this quantity could increase to three tons for a two-year voyage to Mars involving six crewmembers and could increase the costs and complexity of a mission.（这一数量可能会增加到3吨，用于为期两年的火星之旅，包括6名宇航员，这可能会增加任务的成本和复杂性。）可推测定制洗衣机最大的优点是使在太空洗衣更便宜更容易。故选C。‎ C Today I would like to give you a powerful technique that you can use to become outstanding.‎ This technique is called anchoring, which has its roots in Pavlovian behavior modification. You remember Pavlov. He was the Russian scientist who made dogs salivate (分泌唾液) by ringing a bell.‎ Here's how he did it: He would start by ringing a bell while letting dogs smell meat powder. They would salivate from smelling the meat powder. Eventually, he only needed to ring a bell and this alone caused the dogs to salivate. The dogs had associated the bell with hunger. The bell was an anchor for salivation. Pretty simple, huh?‎ It is possible to apply this same basic technique to almost any problem. Now let's take a look at how Pavlov's discovery can help you to feel powerful and confident.‎ Here is how positive anchoring works: Step l. Think of three times in your life when you felt very powerful and write them down; Step 2. Stand alone in a room and ‎ - 28 -‎ think of the first situation. Recall it in full color with sound and anything else that could make it real to you; Step 3. At the moment when you feel fully back in that moment, slap (拍击) your left shoulder with your right hand and say, “Power!”; Step 4. Repeat steps 1-3 for each of the three memories.‎ Remember, you want to anchor each feeling by slapping your shoulder when you feel the memory at its most intense moment.‎ Now that you have created an anchor, you can “fire it off” as needed. The next time you are in a situation requiring confidence, slap your left shoulder with your right hand and say, “Power!” Just as sure as Pavlov's dogs salivated when they heard that bell, you will gain full confidence because now your mind associates confidence with that slap and the word “power”!‎ Occasionally feeling a lack of confidence is a normal part of being human. Having an effective strategy for immediately turning this into confidence is a normal part of being outstanding.‎ ‎9. When did Pavlov ring a bell in the beginning of his experiment?‎ A. When the dogs stopped salivating.‎ B. When the dogs stopped smelling meat powder.‎ C. When the dogs were smelling meat powder.‎ D. When the dogs were salivating.‎ ‎10. What does the underlined “that moment” in Step 3 refer to?‎ A. Any of the situations. B. The first situation.‎ C. The time you say “Power!” D. The time you stand alone in a room.‎ ‎11. Which of the following plays the same role as the bell ringing in Pavlov's experiment?‎ A. Repeat of steps 1-3. B. The three memories.‎ C. Your right hand. D. The slap and the word “power”.‎ ‎12. What is the purpose of the four-step process?‎ A. To refresh memories. B. To remain confident.‎ C. To solve a problem. D. To get an anchor.‎ ‎【答案】9. C 10. B 11. D 12. D - 28 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者通过巴甫洛夫摇铃让狗垂涎三尺的故事，得出人们其实也可以用右手拍打左肩来勉励自己，让自己更加自信和有力量；作者讲述了四个步骤，帮助人们找到人生的精神支柱，让自己成为一个优秀的人。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中He would start by ringing a bell while letting dogs smell meat powder. 可知，当狗闻到肉粉的味道时，他就会摇铃。 C. When the dogs were smelling meat powder. (当狗闻到肉粉的味道时)符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第五段中Step l. Think of three times in your life when you felt very powerful and write them down; (第一步：想想你生命中有三次感到非常有力量的时候，把它们写下来)，再根据At the moment when you feel fully back in that moment. (在你感觉完全回到那一刻的时候)可知，you feel fully back你完全回到的那一刻是指前文讲的写下三个自己觉得最有力量的时刻。B. The first situation. (第一种情况) 符合题意。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Just as sure as Pavlov's dogs salivated when they heard that bell, you will gain full confidence because now your mind associates confidence with that slap and the word “power”! (正如巴甫洛夫的狗听到铃声垂涎三尺一样，你将获得充分的信心，因为现在你的大脑将信心与那个掌击和“力量”这个词联系在一起！) 可知，和巴甫洛夫的铃声起着一样作用的会是那个掌击和“力量”这个词。D. The slap and the word “power”. (掌击和“力量”这个词) 符合题意。故选D项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中Now let's take a look at how Pavlov's discovery can help you to feel powerful and confident. (现在让我们来看看巴甫洛夫的发现是如何帮助你感到强大和自信的)然后下文通过列举了4个步骤，可推断出这4个步骤就是为了帮助你找到生活中的“锚”，从而又感到自信和有力量。D. To get an anchor. (去得到一个锚) 符合题意。故选D项。‎ D The first study to examine generational differences in perfectionism over the ‎ - 28 -‎ past three decades reports that young people's desire to be flawless has sharply increased over the past thirty years. Today's college-age students are much more likely to have perfectionism than prior generations, according to the new report.‎ This study was recently published in the journal Psychological Bulletin. For this study, lead author Thomas Curran and co-author Andrew Hill, analyzed data from 41,641 college students in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. They also used the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale to measure generational changes in perfectionism from the late 1980s to 2016. During their analysis, Curran and Hill investigated three types of perfectionism:‎ l. Self-oriented perfectionism: having an irrational desire to be perfect on oneself.‎ ‎2. Other-oriented perfectionism: Placing unrealistic standards of perfection on others.‎ ‎3. Socially-perfectionism: Feeling excessive expectations of perfection from others.‎ The statistics are alarming: Between 1989 and 2016, self-oriented perfectionism scores increased by 10 percent, other-oriented perfectionism increased by 16 percent, and socially-perfectionism increased largely by 33 percent.‎ The rise in perfectionism among college students is driven by a variety of factors, according to Curran. The raw data suggests that the growing use of social media could be fueling the pressure young adults feel to perfect themselves in comparison to others. That said, Curran emphasizes that more research is needed to confirm the relation between an increase in social media usage and increased perfectionism.‎ Curran also assumes that college students' drive to perfect their grade point average represents a rise in meritocracy (精英教育) among the new generation.‎ ‎“Today's young people are competing with each other in order to meet societal pressures to succeed and they feel that perfectionism is necessary in order to feel safe, socially connected and of worth.” Curran said.‎ Andrew Hill sees these findings as a strong call for colleges and policymakers to increase their efforts to control unnecessary competition among young people in - 28 -‎ ‎ order to preserve their mental health. Unfortunately, this may be easier said than done.‎ ‎13. What does the underlined word “flawless” in the first paragraph probably mean?‎ A. without effort B. without competition C. without weakness D. without strength ‎14. What can you infer from the passage?‎ A. All college students of this generation have serious perfectionism.‎ B. Self-oriented perfectionism increased the most according to the latest study.‎ C. The increase in perfectionism is completely driven by some obvious factors.‎ D. It is uncertain whether increased social media usage causes more perfectionism.‎ ‎15 What's the writer's attitude toward the effect of the study on the change of the situation?‎ A. Concerned. B. Negative.‎ C. Positive. D. Critical.‎ ‎【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是在过去的三十年里，年轻人对完美无瑕的渴望急剧增长。主要有三种完美主义：自我导向型完美主义；他人导向型完美主义；社会型完美主义。然而，这些完美主义会让年轻人有更大的精神压力，所以作者强烈呼吁大学和政策制定者努力控制年轻人之间的不必要竞争。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中The first study to examine generational differences in perfectionism over the past three decades reports that young people's desire to be flawless has sharply increased over the past thirty years. (对过去三十年来完美主义的代际差异的首次研究报告显示，在过去的三十年里，年轻人对完美无瑕的渴望急剧增长)可知，句中的desire to be flawless指的是前文的perfectionism。C. without weakness (没有缺点) 符合题意。故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中The raw data suggests that the growing use of social media could be fueling the pressure young adults feel to perfect themselves in comparison to others. (原始数据显示，社交媒体的使用日益增多，可能会增加年轻人的压力，迫使他们在与他人的比较中完善自己)可推断出，较多的使用社交媒体是迫使年轻人追求完美的可能原因之一，但是并不是绝对的。D. It is uncertain whether increased social media usage causes more perfectionism. (目前还不确定社交媒体使用的增加是否会导致更完美主义)符合题意。故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Andrew Hill sees these findings as a strong call for colleges and policymakers to increase their efforts to control unnecessary competition among young people in order to preserve their mental health. Unfortunately, this may be easier said than done. (Andrew Hill认为，这些发现强烈呼吁大学和政策制定者努力控制年轻人之间的不必要竞争，以保持他们的心理健康。不幸的是，说起来容易做起来难)可推测出，作者对这30年来人们对完美主义的代际差异是持消极态度的，因为年轻人过多的追求没有必要的竞争。A. Concerned.关心的；B. Negative.消极的；C. Positive.积极的；D. Critical.批评的。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，就是利用上下文已知的部分（尤其是该词或短语前后的句子）进行推理，有时候还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。如本题第1小题，就是词义猜测题，前句讲到过去三十年来完美主义的代际差异，后面就提到了现代年轻人对完美无瑕的渴望急剧增长，可推测出可知，句中的desire to be flawless指的是前文的perfectionism。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Music is an international language that is beautiful to people all over the world. It seems to be a natural need for us. ___16___‎ Music plays a significant role in education. Studies have indicated that music physically develops the part of the brain known to be involved with language. ___17___ Therefore the development of one promotes the growth of the other, and musical training not only develops a child's language skills but also promotes the learning of a second language. Music also causes improvement in brainpower. The thought patterns that are - 28 -‎ ‎ formed while studying music may help improve the ability to learn other subjects.‎ ‎___18___ First, music is beneficial with its ability to reduce stress. And stress is associated with many illnesses, which can be prevented with stress reduced. When people are very stressed, there is a tendency to avoid listening to music. ___19___ But as we know, productivity increases when stress is reduced.‎ Additionally, music can have positive influence on mood, and many people will turn to certain songs to improve their moods. The main reason behind this phenomenon is that music has the ability to express one's feelings better than any other medium. ___20___ It also increases self-confidence.‎ A. So how does it help us?‎ B. The two are so closely related.‎ C. Let's see how people enjoy music.‎ D. Perhaps it feels like a waste of time.‎ E. The key is to choose the right type of music.‎ F. Music has some sort of psychological effect.‎ G. Good music also makes us remember the moments when we were happy.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. F 19. D 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐对我们有很多好处，比如在教育上、心理健康等方面都有积极的作用。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文Music plays a significant role in education. (音乐在教育中起着重要作用)；Additionally, music can have positive influence on mood. (此外，音乐可以对情绪有积极的影响)可知，后文都是在讲音乐在哪些方面可以帮助我们。A. So how does it help us? (所以它是如何帮助我们的？)符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据前文Studies have indicated that music physically develops the part of the brain known to be involved with language. (研究表明，音乐在身体上发展了大脑中与语言有关的部分) 又根据后文Therefore the development of one promotes the growth of the other. (因此，一个的发展促进了另一个的发展)可知，音乐和语言学习有很大的关系。B. The - 28 -‎ ‎ two are so closely related. (这两者是如此紧密地联系在一起)符合语境。故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据后文First, music is beneficial with its ability to reduce stress. (首先，音乐它能减轻压力)可知，音乐对于我们心理健康有好处。F. Music has some sort of psychological effect. (音乐有一些心理疗效) 符合语境。故选F项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文But as we know, productivity increases when stress is reduced. (但正如我们所知，当压力减少时，效率会提高)句中But表转折，说明前面的内容和后面的内容是相反的。D. Perhaps it feels like a waste of time. (或许感觉有点浪费时间) 符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前文Additionally, music can have positive influence on mood, and many people will turn to certain songs to improve their moods. (此外，音乐可以对情绪有积极的影响，许多人会转向某些歌曲来改善他们的情绪)可知，音乐能让改善人的心情。G. Good music also makes us remember the moments when we were happy. (好的音乐也能让我们记住我们快乐的时刻)符合语境。故选G项。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was three months pregnant with twin boys when my husband and I learned that one of them had a fatal birth defect (缺陷). His skull and brain were not ___21___ properly. Babies with this ___22___ typically die within minutes, hours or days of being born.‎ This news was devastating (毁灭性的), and also ___23___. I wondered, was it something I ate, was it something I ___24___, was it something I did? But then, ___25___ it was, why was one of them healthy? So I was ___26___ with a lot of questions that would never have answers.‎ Six months later, the twins were born, and they were both born ___27___. Thomas lived for six days. Callum was healthy. We had decided to ___28___ Thomas's organs to science. While his death was inevitable, we thought maybe it could be ___29___.‎ - 28 -‎ Three years later. I ___30___ whether these donations made a ___31___. So I ___32___ at the Schepens Eye Research Institute the next day. A receptionist ___33___ me to Dr. James Zieske, a professor of Hansard Medical School. He ___34___ my hand and said, “Do you have any questions for me?” I was so ___35___ at meeting him. I said. “How many corneas (眼角膜) do you request in a year?” He said, “'About ten a year. We would request more, but they are hard to get, and infant eyes are like ___36___ to us.” My heart was just in my throat. I could ___37___ choke out the words. He added, “We are likely still studying your son's eye cells, and they are probably in this lab right now.”‎ When the tour ___38___, I felt something in me starting to ___39___. I felt that my son had ___40___ his place in the world, and that place was Harvard. I'm now an Ivy League mum.‎ ‎21. A. combined B. formed C. distributed D. adapted ‎22. A. diagnosis B. judgment C. position D. symbol ‎23. A. shocking B. encouraging C. confusing D. terrifying ‎24. A. bought B. collected C. drank D. ignored ‎25. A. even if B. as if C. in case D. regardless of ‎26. A. meeting B. associating C. wrestling D. competing ‎27. A. deaf B. alive C. blind D. equal ‎28. A. deliver B. apply C. attach D. donate ‎29. A. ambitious B. inspiring C. rewarding D. productive ‎30. A. wondered B. imagined C. assumed D. explained ‎31. A. deal B. difference C. mistake D. fortune ‎32. A. showed up B. pulled up C. set out D. brought out - 28 -‎ ‎33. A. recommended B. related C. introduced D. announced ‎34. A. grabbed B. shook C. rubbed D. touched ‎35. A. sensitive B. heartbroken C. privileged D. emotional ‎36. A. gold B. sunshine C. silver D. light ‎37. A. slightly B. rarely C. hardly D. definitely ‎38. A. repeated B. concluded C. expanded D. processed ‎39. A. disappear B. hurt C. change D. arise ‎40. A. found B. set C. confirmed D. proved ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者双胞胎中的一个因为天生的疾病出生后6天就去世了，因为他们希望能为科学事业产生一定的作用，所以捐赠了婴儿遗体。并且在拜访了the Schepens眼科研究机构之后，作者的内心发生了很大的变化，虽然孩子只活了几天，但是他也找到了在这个世界上的位置。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的头骨和大脑没有发育完整。A. combined结合，联合；B. formed形成；C. distributed分布；D. adapted适应，调整。根据常识可知，婴儿的器官是逐渐形成的。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：被诊断为这种病的婴儿通常在出生后几分钟、几小时或几天内死亡。A. diagnosis诊断；B. judgment判断；C. position位置；D. symbol象征。根据前文，作者肚子的婴儿身体有缺陷，这是医生给出的诊断。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个消息是毁灭性的，也是令人困惑的。A.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ shocking令人震惊的；B. encouraging鼓舞人的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. terrifying令人害怕的。根据后文提出的三个疑问可知，此处是感到疑惑的。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在想，是我吃了什么，是我喝了什么，还是我做了什么造成了这个缺陷？A. bought买 B. collected收集；C. drank喝；D. ignored忽略。根据常识，妈妈的饮食会影响肚子里宝宝的生长。故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：但是，即便是这样，那为什么其中一个是健康的？A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C. in case以防万一；D. regardless of不管，不顾。通过why was one of them healthy? 可知，作者接受前面的假设成立，而提出的又一个疑问。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我一直在左思右想这些永远不会有答案的问题。A. meeting见面；B. associating联合，结合；C. wrestling摔跤，格斗；D. competing竞争，比赛。固定搭配：be wrestling with the questions“一直在左思右想这些问题”。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：6个月之后，双胞胎出生了，他们出生时都是活的。A. deaf聋的；B. alive活着的；C. blind瞎的；D. equal公平的。根据后文可知，其中一个孩子Thomas只活了6天，但说明他们刚出生时都是活着的。故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们决定把Thomas的器官捐赠给科学。A. deliver分发，派送；B. apply申请，运用；C. attach粘上，依附；D. donate捐赠。根据后文these donations，可知，这里用捐赠。本题属于原词重现。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的死是不可避免的，但我们认为他的器官对科学研究是有作用的。A. ambitious雄心的，有野心的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. rewarding值得的；D. productive富有成效的，多产的。根据前文，作者把孩子的器官捐献于科学研究，是因为他们希望这些捐赠能起作用。故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，是否这些捐赠起作用了。A. wondered想知道；B. imagined想象；C. assumed假设；D. explained解释。根据后文，作者去the Schepens Eye Research - 28 -‎ ‎ Institute了解一些情况，说明她想知道她孩子的捐赠情况。故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道，是否这些捐赠起作用了。A. deal交易，约定；B. difference区别；C. mistake错误；D. fortune幸运，财富。固定搭配make a difference“有影响，起作用”，后文说科学家还在研究我儿子的眼球，说明我的贡献是有用的。故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以第二天我就去了the Schepens 眼科研究所。A. showed up出现；B. pulled up停下；C. set out出发，开始；D. brought out使显现，激发。根据前文，我想知道是否这些捐赠起作用了，所以我就去拜访了the Schepens 眼科研究所。故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名前台接待员把我介绍给Dr. James Zieske，他是Hansard Medical School 的一名教授。A. recommended推荐；B. related与……相关；C. introduced介绍；D. announced宣布。根据常识，接待员会把作者介绍给负责研究她儿子眼睛的人。故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和我握手并问我，“你有什么问题要问我吗？”A. grabbed抓住，捕获；B. shook摇晃；C. rubbed擦；D. touched触摸。固定短语shake hands “握手”，可知，此处应该用它的过去式shook。故选B项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见到他我非常激动。A. sensitive敏感的；B. heartbroken心碎的；C. privileged享有特权的；D. emotional激动的，情绪的。根据后文My heart was just in my throat. 可知，作者非常激动。故选D项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能需求更多，但是眼角膜很难得到，对于我们来说婴儿的眼睛就像黄金一样。A. gold黄金；B. sunshine阳光；C. silver银；D. light光。根据前文，眼角膜本来就很难得到，那婴儿的眼角膜就更稀有了，这里把婴儿的眼角膜比喻成黄金，说明非常珍贵。故选A项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎都说不出来话了。A. slightly轻微地；B. rarely罕见地；C. hardly几乎不；D. definitely确定地。根据前文，我心情非常激动，心都提到嗓子眼儿了，所以都快说不出话了。故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这次参观结束时，我觉得内心开始有些改变了。A. repeated重复；B. concluded结束，总结；C. expanded膨胀；D. processed加工，处理。根据前文showed up在the Schepens Eye Research Institute可知，这里应该是参观结束。故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这次参观结束时，我觉得内心开始有些改变了。A. disappear消失；B. hurt受伤；C. change改变；D. arise出现，上升。根据前文，作者还没有走出失去她孩子的悲伤情绪里，但是这次参观the Schepens Eye Research Institute了之后，作者觉得自己的儿子已经找到了他在这个世界上的位置，那个地方就是哈佛，所以作者觉得自己内心的想法改变了。 故选C项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我的儿子已经找到了他在这个世界上的位置，那个地方就是哈佛。A. found找到，发现；B. set建立；C. confirmed确认；D. proved证明。根据后文，儿子虽然已经死了，但是他的器官研究对人类是有巨大贡献的，所以作者认为儿子有了他生命的意义。故选A项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In the latest beauty craze (狂热) ___41___ (sweep) social media in China, women and even some men are boasting (自夸) that they are paper thin, by posting photographs of their waists behind a piece of A4 paper. To qualify, the waist must ___42___ (hide) by the paper entirely. A piece of A4 paper is 8.3 by 11.7 inches, roughly ___43___ size of a sheet of American letter paper.‎ With the A4 waist, the trend is attracting hundreds of photographs and thousands of comments on Weibo and other social media networks like WeChat. Being ___44___ (normally) thin is a widespread standard of beauty for women, ___45___ has been criticized as an unhealthy ideal of female attractiveness.‎ Several commentators have found the A4 trend ___46___ (disturb). In a telephone ‎ - 28 -‎ interview, an expert said, “I find ___47___ completely stupid. Using a single size ___48___ (define) all human beings then thinking you have created new standards ___49___ (be) foolish.” The A4 waist challenge ___50___ (annoy) him, saying that it allows certain people to gain bragging (吹嘘的) rights, while leaving others in depression.‎ ‎【答案】41. sweeping ‎ ‎42. be hidden ‎ ‎43. the 44. abnormally ‎ ‎45. which 46. disturbing ‎ ‎47. it 48. to define ‎ ‎49. is 50. annoyed ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的健美风潮席卷了中国的社交媒体，很多女士甚至还有部分男士通过上传用一张竖立的A4纸遮住自己腰部的照片，来吹嘘自己的身段窈窕如纸；而这些做法引起了很多的争议。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：最新的健美风潮席卷了中国的社交媒体，很多女士甚至还有部分男士通过上传用一张竖立的A4纸遮住自己腰部的照片，来吹嘘自己的身段窈窕如纸。分析句子可知，sweep为动词，句子里不缺谓语动词，所以此处需要填非谓语动词；beauty craze为sweep的逻辑主语，它们之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词做定语。故填sweeping。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：要达到合格，腰部必须被竖立的A4纸全部遮住。分析句子可知，the waist和hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，must为情态动词，后面必须跟动词原形，所以这里必须填情态动词的被动语态。故填be hidden。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查定冠词。句意：一张A4纸是8.3*11.7英寸，大约是一张美国信纸大小。这里size是特指后面的a sheet of American letter paper。故填the。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查副词。句意：不正常的瘦成了女士们认为美的广泛标准，这个标准一直被批评为不健康的女性魅力理想。thin是形容词，前面用副词修饰，做状语，并且通过上下文可知，这种瘦是反常地，所以填normally的反义词。故填abnormally。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：不正常的瘦成了女士们认为美的广泛标准，这个标准一直被批评为不健康的女性魅力理想。分析句子可知，standard是定语从句的先行词，指物，所以用which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中做主语成分。故填which。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：一些评论者发现瘦成A4纸腰的趋势令人不安。分析句子可知，此处需要用形容词做宾语补足语，构成句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。disturb为动词，意为“打扰，干扰”，它的形容词disturbing“令人不安的”，描述的事物性质。故填disturbing。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：我认为是非常愚蠢的。分析句子可知，此处需要宾语，构成句型：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补，所以此处用代词it做宾语，指代前面人们把A4纸腰作为美的标准这件事情。故填it。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：用单一的尺寸来定义所有人类，然后认为你已经创造了新的标准，这种想法是愚蠢的。根据固定短语：use sth. to do sth.中的不定式做目的状语。故填to define。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查主谓一致。句意：用单一的尺寸来定义所有人类，然后认为你已经创造了新的标准，这种想法是愚蠢的。分析句子可知，Using a single size ___8___ (define) all human beings then thinking you have created new standards是动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，并且这是引用别人的话，所以时态为一般现在时。故填is。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：A4纸腰挑战让他很生气，他说这种行为会让某些人获得吹嘘的权利，而让另一些人却很沮丧。根据前文可知，这是过去的一次采访，所以谓语动词应该用一般过去时。故填annoyed。‎ ‎【点睛】主谓一致就是谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致，意义一致和就近一致。如第9小题，就属于语法一致，分析此题可知，本题是动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。‎ - 28 -‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ A university is institution of higher education and research which people attend before finishing secondary school. There you'll meet people from all over the world and learn about lots of different subject, like history, geography and languages. There’re clubs there, that can be a lot of fun because we meet new people and enjoy your hobbies. Many people say that attend university are the best time of their life. But it's also a time to work hard and did all your homework. Books can be very expensive, but the school library is so a wonderful place that you can find most of the books you want, so that you don't need to buy them.‎ ‎【答案】1. institution前加an ‎2. before→after ‎3. subject→subjects ‎4. that→which ‎5. we→you ‎6. attend→attending ‎7. are→is或was ‎8. did→do ‎9. so→such ‎10. 去掉that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 28 -‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了大学一个高等学府，大学的生活丰富多彩，是人生中最美好的时候。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查冠词。institution“机构”，是个可数名词，并且是以元音发音开头的单词，这里表示一个机构，所以前面需要加不定冠词an。故在institution前加an。‎ ‎2. 考查连词。根据常识可知，我们是高中毕业之后才能读大学，before“在……之前”， after“在……之后”。故将before改为after。‎ ‎3. 考查名词复数。subject为可数名词，并且前面有lots of different修饰，所以这里应该用可数名词的复数形式。故将subject改成subjects。‎ ‎4. 考查连词。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，并且先行词为clubs，指物，在从句中做主语，应使用which引导。故将that改成which。‎ ‎5. 考查代词。分析句子可知，文章是以第二人称来写作的。故将we改成you。‎ ‎6. 考查动名词。分析句子可知，宾语从句中attend university是句子的主语成分，但动词不能做主语，所以需要把它改为动名词。故将attend改成attending。‎ ‎7. 考查主谓一致。根据上一题可知，宾语从句由动名词做主语，那谓语动词必须要单数。如果理解为客观的事实，就用is；如果理解为人们认为过去读大学的时光，就用was。故将are改成is或was。‎ ‎8. 考查时态。分析句子可知，But it's also a time to work hard and did all your homework.这句话描述的是读大学时该怎么做，这是一个要求，所以应该用一般现在时。故将did改成do。‎ ‎9. 考查形容词。so…that /such…that “如此……以致于”，so为副词，修饰形容词和副词；such是个形容词，修饰名词，a wonderful place是名词，所以用such修饰。故将so改成such。‎ ‎10. 考查连词。so that是固定搭配“以便于，为了”，引导目的状语从句；so为并列连词，前后两句话之间是因果关系；根据句意可知，图书馆可以提供你想要的任何书籍，所以你不需要花钱去买它们。这两句话之间的关系是因果关系，而不是目的关系。故去掉so 后的that。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.转眼新的一年已经来到。在过去的一年中，帮助和关心你的人很多，但此时此刻你最想感谢的人是谁？请你根据提示写一篇英语短文，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 你所感谢的对象；‎ ‎2. 感谢他（她）的原因；‎ - 28 -‎ ‎3. 你想对他（她）说的话。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Thanks to the generous help and selfless love of Ms. Wang, I have become more confident and made great progress in my subjects, especially in English in the last year.‎ It was Ms. Wang who, regardless of her health and rest time, always accompanied us in the classroom, giving us timely help. It was Ms. Wang who was always ready to give me right guidance when I was at a loss. It was Ms. Wang who had professional teaching methods which benefitted us a lot. Due to the help and encouragement from Ms. Wang, I show great fancy in English now. I want to tell my dream to Ms. Wang, “You are my model, I will try my best to be an excellent English teacher like you.”‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语短文，感谢你最想感谢的人。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。‎ 结构：总分法 ‎   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1.表达感谢 ‎ 1）感谢的对象。（Ms. Wang）‎ ‎ 2）感谢原因。（the reasons why you show thanks for her）‎ ‎ 3) 想说对她说的话。（what you want to say to her ?）‎ - 28 -‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ selfless love; made great progress; regardless of; accompany; timely help; is ready to; right guidance; benefit; at a loss; As a result; show great fancy in.‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. Thanks for the generous help and selfless love of Ms. Wang.‎ ‎2. I have made great progress in my subjects.‎ ‎3. regardless of her health and rest time ‎ ‎4. I was at a loss. ‎ ‎5. As a result, I show great fancy in English now.‎ ‎6. You accompanied us in the classroom, and gave us timely help.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用三个排比强调句，It was Ms. Wang who，是全文的润色亮点；并且文中使用一些高级短语，如regardless of，be at a loss，due to等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 28 -‎ - 28 -‎