2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit3Backtothepast单元学案设计（25页）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit3Backtothepast单元学案设计（25页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修三Unit3Back to the past单元学案设计 话题词汇 ‎1．breakthrough n．突破；重大进展 ‎ ‎2．convenience n．便利；方便 ‎3．electronic adj.电子的 ‎4．intelligent adj.智能的 ‎5．invention n．发明；创造 ‎6．technical adj.技术的；工艺的 ‎7．be in the lead领先 ‎8．follow the fashion追随时尚 ‎9．in the field of science在科学领域 ‎10．with the development of 随着……的发展 话题佳作 请你根据下表所提供的信息，用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍车轮的发明及其影响，并谈一谈你对车轮的看法。‎ 最早出现时间 大约6 500年前 最早出现地点 亚洲 发　展 由仅用于运输重物发展为用于轮式车辆；由木制发展为钢制 影　响 使人可以快速搬动大大超过自身重量的物体；促成多种技术的发展与进步 佳作欣赏 Researchers have proved that the first wheel was invented about 6,500 years ago in Asia.At first，it was only a tool that was invented to help people transport heavy things till it became a part of a vehicle.As the time went by，the material of making the wheel has changed from wood to steel with the development of modern technology.We can say the invention of the wheel is rather important for human beings.It not only makes it possible for people to move the things much heavier than themselves quickly but also helps with the development of several kinds of technologies.I believe the invention of the wheel also makes the development of human society faster.‎ 名师点睛 本文结构如下：(1)指出说明对象——车轮的发明；(2)围绕要点进行说明：最早出现的时间及地点；制作材料与用途的发展变化；对人类的影响；(3)个人的观点。文章使用了宾语从句、定语从句、时间状语从句，not only...but also...句式等；at first，go by，with the development of等一些过渡性词汇和高级词汇的使用，使文章条理清晰，读起来更加流畅。‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1．found vt.兴建，创建 ‎2．unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的 ‎3．destroy vt.毁坏，摧毁 ‎ destruction n．破坏；毁灭；摧毁 destructive adj.毁灭性的；有害的；消极的 ‎4．gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地 gradual adj.逐渐的 ‎5．ruin n．废墟；毁坏；vt.破坏，毁灭 ‎6．extreme adj.极度的；极端的 extremely adv.极其；极端；非常 ‎7．complain vi.抱怨 complaint n．抱怨，埋怨；投诉 ‎8．solution n．解决办法，解答 solve vt.解决；解答 ‎9．expression n．表达；表情，神色 express vt.表示；表达；n.快车；速递 ‎10．audience n．观众，听众 ‎11．powerful adj.强有力的 ‎12．declare vt.宣布，宣称 declaration n．宣布；宣告；声明 ‎13．educate vt.教育 educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的 education n．教育 educator n．教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家 ‎14．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的 awareness n．意识；认识；知道 ‎15．basis n．基础；基准；原因 ‎16．judge n．法官，审判员；裁判员 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎17．civilization n．文明 ‎18．pour vi.涌流，倾泻；vt.倒出(液体)‎ ‎19．decorate vt.装饰，装潢 ‎20．flee vt.&vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 ‎21．disaster n．灾难 ‎22．commercial adj.商业的，贸易的 ‎23．wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的 ‎24．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸 remain vi.保持不变，仍然是；剩余，遗留 remaining adj.剩余的 ‎25．material n．材料；物质；adj.物质的 ‎26．document n．文献，文件 ‎27．explode vi.爆炸 explosion n．爆炸，爆裂 ‎28．ceremony n．仪式，典礼 ‎29．republic n．共和国；共和政体 ‎30．march vi.&n.前进，进发；游行 ‎31．glory n．辉煌；荣耀，光荣 ‎32．court n．法院，法庭；球场；宫廷 ‎33．corrupt vt.使腐化，使堕落；adj.贪污的，腐败的 ‎34．trial n．审讯，审理；试验；考验 ‎35．poison n．毒药，毒物；vt.毒害，下毒 poisonous adj.有毒的 语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]‎ ‎1．Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune(fortunate) and wealth.(2014·浙江)‎ ‎2．Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual(gradually) increases in the length of the runs.(2015·全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎3．Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely(extreme) uncomfortable.(2016·全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎4．She looked at me without expression(express)．‎ ‎5．This defeat was a powerful(power) blow to the enemy.‎ ‎6．What kind of education(educate) can be “meaningful” to young people affected by conflict？(2016·浙江) ‎ ‎7．There is a general awareness(aware) that smoking is harmful.‎ ‎8．Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed ‎ of great wealth(wealthy) in which all citizens had a right to share.(2015·江苏)‎ ‎9．Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous(poison) metals.(2015·江苏)‎ ‎10．There is no decoration(decorate)，only flat surfaces.(2014·湖北)‎ ‎1．take over夺取；接管 ‎2．in memory of纪念 ‎3．no doubt无疑，确实 ‎4．rise up against起义，反抗 ‎5．stand in one’s path阻碍(某人)‎ ‎6．come down with患(病)‎ 语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]‎ In my hometown，there was a statue set up 1.in memory of(纪念) a brave officer who called on the villagers to 2.rise up against(反抗) the enemy in the Second World War.Even when he 3.came down with(患，染上) a serious illness，he never let it 4.stand in his path(阻碍他)．It’s through thick and thin(艰难险阻) that he finally helped the villagers 5.take over(夺取) the control of our village.‎ ‎1．介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装 Near the city was a volcano.‎ 城市附近有一座火山。‎ 仿写　桌下躺着一位半昏迷的年轻人。‎ Under the table was lying a semiconscious young man.‎ ‎2．It turns/turned out that...‎ It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.‎ 原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。‎ 仿写　结果试验成功了。‎ It turned out that the experiment was a success.‎ ‎3．It seems/seemed that...‎ It seemed that nothing could stop him from taking control of the entire world.‎ 似乎没有什么能够阻止他控制整个世界。‎ 仿写　妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。‎ It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company.‎ ‎ unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的 ‎(1)It’s most unfortunate that your father can’t come to the wedding.‎ 令人遗憾的是你父亲不能来参加婚礼。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)He was extremely fortunate in having such a happy family.‎ 他有一个这么幸福的家庭真是幸运。‎ ‎(1)fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的 be (un)fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在……方面运气(不)好 It is (un)fortunate that...不幸的是……/幸运的是……‎ ‎(2)fortune n．机会，运气；财富；命运；际遇 make a fortune发财；致富 seek/try one’s fortune碰运气 ‎(3)fortunately幸运地 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He dreamed of making a fortune.‎ ‎(2)Central London is fortunate(fortune) in having so many large parks and open spaces.‎ ‎(3)—Have you heard about that fire in the market?‎ ‎—Yes，fortunately(fortunate) no one was hurt.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)这些学生很幸运有这么好的英语老师。‎ These students are fortunate to have such a good English teacher.(用it作形式主语改写)‎ It is fortunate that these students have such a good English teacher.‎ ‎ ruin v．毁坏；使破产 n．毁坏；破产；废墟 ‎(1)My new white dress was totally ruined! ‎ 我那件白色的新裙子全给毁了。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us lying awake all night.‎ 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。‎ ruin oneself毁掉自己 in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 come/fall into ruin毁灭；成为废墟 bring...to ruin使……失败；使……毁坏 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Years of fighting has left Iraq ruined(ruin)．‎ ‎(2)This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be in ruins.‎ ‎(3)The castle has fallen into ruin.‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)It rained for two weeks on end，which completely ruined our ‎ holiday.(用非谓语动词作状语改写)‎ It rained for two weeks on end，completely ruining our holiday.‎ ‎ remains n．遗物；遗址；遗迹；遗骸 ‎(1)He ate the remains of the casserole hungrily.‎ 他狼吞虎咽地吃掉剩下的炖菜。(朗文词典)‎ ‎(2)These problems remained to be solved.‎ 这些问题有待于解决。‎ ‎(1)remain vi.仍然是；保持；剩余；遗留；(人)留下，逗留 remain＋n./adj./adv./prep.phrases/非谓语动词 remain to be done有待去做 ‎(2)remaining adj.剩余的 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)It remains to be seen(see) whether she’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.‎ ‎(2)Ladies and gentlemen，please remain seated(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.‎ ‎(3)He used the remaining(remain) money to buy a book.‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)面对危险，他保持镇静。‎ He remained/stayed/kept calm in the face of danger.‎ ‎ expression n．词语；措辞；表情；表达；表示 ‎(1)The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. ‎ 基于生物和文化力量的不同，愤怒的具体表现在人和人间的表示也不一样。(2014·江苏)‎ ‎(2)By doing so，I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myself clearly.‎ 这么做，我不仅可以跟别人分享好的想法，还可以学会清楚地表达自己。‎ ‎(1)beyond expression无法形容 without expression毫无表情 give expression to表达；表现；把……表达出来 ‎(2)express oneself 表达自己的思想感情 ‎(1)express表“表达，表示”等，习惯上不接双宾语，可用express sth.to sb.。‎ ‎(2)express后一般不接that从句，可接疑问词引导的从句。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He looked at me without expression.‎ ‎(2)He can express himself(him) freely in English.‎ ‎(3)To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.‎ ‎(4)Having expressed(express) my thanks to her，I feel relaxed.‎ ‎(5)Only in his dreams does he give expression to his fears.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(6)他表示对我们的工作很满意。‎ ‎①He expressed his satisfaction to our work.‎ ‎②He said that he was satisfied with our work.‎ ‎ judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.评判，判定；判断；判决 ‎(1)The performance was good，when judged by their usual standards. ‎ 按他们平时的水平衡量， 这次演出不错。 (牛津高阶)‎ ‎(2)Judging by the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.‎ 从他脸上的表情判断，这条消息肯定很糟糕。‎ ‎(3)In my judgement，all of them are to blame.‎ 依我看，他们所有的人都应受到责备。‎ ‎(1)judge...by/from从……判断，按照……判断 judging from/by...根据……判断 ‎(2)judgement n．判断力，意见；判决，宣判 in one’s judgement依某人看来 名师点拨 judging from/by...用作独立结构，即不用考虑从句和主句逻辑关系的一致性。‎ 基础知识训练——[用judge的正确形式填空]‎ ‎(1)Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the (2)judge pointed out that a man should not (3)be judged by his looks.In my (4)judgement，what he said is reasonable.‎ 写作能力提升——[完成句子]‎ ‎(5)以我看来，他能实现他上大学的梦想。‎ In my judgement/In my opinion/In my(point of) view/As far as I’m concerned，he can realize his dream of going to university.‎ ‎ take over夺取；接收，接管；继承；支配 ‎(1)Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.‎ 技术帮助我们，但是我们不允许它支配我们的生活。‎ ‎(2)Lesley explains possible treatments but you can tell she’s not taking it in.‎ 莱斯利解释了各种可行的疗法，不过，你可以看出来，她并没有领会。‎ take to喜欢；亲近；适应 take in吸收；欺骗；包括在内；收留；领会，理解；观看 take apart拆开，拆卸 take on呈现；雇佣；接受；从事 ake out拿出，取出；除去 ‎[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)He began to take to us after the first day and we learned so much about him in that short time period.‎ ‎(2)She was taken on as a trainee.‎ ‎(3)He took the machine apart to clean and oil the parts.‎ ‎(4)When I want to write，I open her mouth and take out the pencils from her stomach.‎ ‎(5)We were taken in by his innocent，boyish looks.‎ ‎ alive adj.有生命的；有生气的；活着的 ‎[选词填空]‎ ‎(1)She bought a live fish.‎ ‎(2)They managed to stay alive by eating roots.‎ ‎(3)There are many living things in the world.‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(4)在接下来的几天里，这个房子恢复了生机。‎ The house came alive the next few days.‎ ‎(5)直到地震两天后她才发现母亲还活着。‎ Not until two days after the earthquake did she find her mother alive.‎ 词义辨析　alive，living，live ‎(1)alive意为“有生命的；有生气的，活着的”，只用作表语、后置定语或补足语，不作前置定语。既可指人，也可指物，常和living互换；stay alive活下去。‎ ‎(2)living意为“活的，健在的，现行的”，既可作定语，也可作表语。既可用于人，又可用于物。 living languages现用的语言；living things生物。‎ ‎(3)live意为“活的，有生命的”，只作定语，且只用于物。adj.现场直播的。‎ ‎ condition n．状态；状况；环境；境况；条件 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)The nearest hotel is in good condition.‎ ‎(2)She made it a condition that he (should) go with her.‎ ‎(3)Can you imagine such conditions where you have nothing to live on for a week?‎ 写作能力提升——[句式升级]‎ ‎(4)You must on no condition tell them the secret.(改为倒装句)‎ On no condition must you tell them the secret.‎ 名师点拨 ‎(1)表示“环境；情况”等，习惯上condition要用复数形式表示“在……情况(环境)下”，其前可用介词in或under。‎ ‎(2)表示“以……为条件”时，其前通常接介词on。‎ ‎(3)on no condition决不(置于句首，句子用倒装)‎ ‎ declare v．宣告；宣布；声明；表明；宣称 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)Only a month earlier，Mr.Stenholm had declared for/against the tax cut.‎ ‎(2)It was the year when Britain declared war on Germany.‎ ‎(3)It has been declared already that the contract is illegal.‎ 写作能力提升——[同义句改写]‎ ‎(4)He declared that it was true.(改为简单句)‎ He declared it to be true.‎ 名师点拨 declare表示“宣称；宣布”，其后的宾语可以是名词、代词，也可以是that从句，但习惯上不能是不定式。‎ ‎ aware adj.知道的；意识到的；察觉到的 基础知识训练——[单句改错]‎ ‎(1)He is aware that the old days are gone forever.‎ 写作能力提升——[一句多译]‎ ‎(2)我们知道他是无罪的。‎ ‎①We are aware of his innocence.‎ ‎②We are aware that he is innocent.‎ 名师点拨 aware表示“意识到(觉察到)某情况”时，其后总是接介词of，不要想当然地用about或to。而且aware是表语形容词，故不要将其用于名词前作定语，加强语气时可用well，fully，very much，much等修饰，但不能用very。‎ ‎ in memory of纪念；追念 ‎[短语填空]‎ ‎(1)Some people are in favour of reform，while others are against it.‎ ‎(2)Do you often offer to help people when they are in need of help?‎ ‎(3)The poem is in praise of her virtues.‎ ‎(4)We’ll make a new director in place of him.‎ ‎(5)The gift to the Israel museum is being made in memory of Michael Bromberg.‎ Near the city was a volcano.‎ 城市附近有一座火山。‎ ‎(1)Now，here goes the story.‎ 这个故事是这样的。‎ ‎(2)From the speaker comes the doctor’s voice.‎ 从扬声器里传来了医生的声音。‎ ‎(3)Out rushed Mary with a dog following her.‎ 玛丽冲出去了，有只狗跟着她。‎ ‎(1)表示地点、方向、时间等的介词短语放在句首时，若句子的主语是名词而不是人称代词时，也用全部倒装结构。‎ ‎(2)表示方向、地点和时间的副词in，out，down，up，off，back，away，over there，there，now，then，here，first等放在句首，若主语是名词而不是代词时，往往用全部倒装结构。‎ 基础知识训练——[单句语法填空]‎ ‎(1)There stands(stand) an old tree on the top of the hill.‎ 写作能力提升——[用全部倒装结构完成句子]‎ ‎(2)两座楼之间有棵大松树。‎ Between the two buildings stands a tall pine.‎ ‎(3)那个男孩蹑手蹑脚地走向那只鸟，当他正要去抓的时候，鸟儿飞进了树林。‎ The child tiptoed quietly to the bird.Away it flew into the forest when he was about to catch it.‎ ‎(4)有一会儿什么都没有发生，接着传来了众人齐喊的声音。‎ For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.‎ ‎ It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.‎ 原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。‎ ‎(1)It turned out that the correct answer was zero.‎ 结果正确答案是零。(2014·湖南)‎ ‎(2)As it turned out to be a small house party，we needn’t have dressed up so formally.‎ 原来那是一个小型的家庭聚会，我们本来不必要盛装打扮的。‎ It turns/turned out that...原来是；结果是……‎ It turns/turned out to be...原来是；结果是……‎ ‎[完成句子]‎ ‎(1)结果这个工作比我们想象的要难。‎ The job turned out to be harder than we thought.‎ ‎(2)结果他的兄弟死于心脏病。‎ It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack.‎ ‎(3)那个工厂生产出了更多高质量的产品。‎ The factory has turned out more products of good quality. ‎ Ⅰ.教材与语法填空 Lost civilizations I felt 1.lucky(luck) to have won a place to go on a cultural tour to sites of lost civilizations.We visited Pompeii in Italy and Loulan in China.Pompeii 2.was founded(found) in the 8th century BC，then taken 3.over by the Romans in 89 BC.Later，Pompeii was destroyed by a volcano.It erupted and covered Pompeii with ash.4.Unfortunately(fortunate)，many people were buried alive.The city was forgotten for many years 5.until the 18th century when a stone 6.with writing on it was discovered by a farmer.People dug in the area and 7.caused(cause) much damage.Thus，in 1860，the area was protected by the government so it could be preserved and studied.‎ Differently，Loulan disappeared under the sand.There were just a few ruins left.There was 8.an ancient water system that ran through the middle of the city.The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down,9.which resulted in the city 10.being buried(bury) by sand.‎ They both were important commercial cities about 2,000 years ago.It was so pitiful that they disappeared for ever.‎ Ⅱ.教材与短文改错 Unfortunately for him，Socrates questioned too much.He was always asked challenging questions to everyone he met，upset many people in Athens.Final，some people had had enough of him，and they took him to court for questioning the existence of the Greek gods and for corrupting the young people of ‎ Athens.On his trial，he defended him by asking his judges yet more questions.This just made a bad situation bad.Finally he was put death by being forced to drink poisons.Through his death，Socrates became the hero of all people who searched for the truth.‎ 答案 Unfortunately for him，Socrates questioned too much.He was always asked challenging questions to everyone he met， many people in Athens.，some people had had enough of him， they took him to court for questioning the existence of the Greek gods and for corrupting the young people of Athens. his trial，he defended by asking his judges yet more questions.This just made a bad situation .Finally he was put death by being forced to drink .Through his death，Socrates became the hero of all people who for the truth.‎ Ⅲ.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于室友关系)‎ ‎1．今天下午一些学者和研究者将给我们做关于与室友关系的报告。‎ ‎2．无疑这对我们学生是有好处的。‎ ‎3．在复旦大学研究生黄洋被室友投毒后，我们应该意识到互相抱怨是不好的。‎ ‎4．我们应该友好相处，设法找到解决问题的合适办法。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ This afternoon some scholars and researchers will give us a lecture on relationship with our roommates.No doubt it’s good for us students.After Huang Yang，a postgraduate student at Fudan University，was poisoned by his roommate，we should be aware that it’s not good to complain about each other.We should get along well with others and try to find proper solutions to problems Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring(pour) outside.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎2．When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in ruins.(2016·北京)‎ ‎3．His comprehensive surveys have provided the most explicit statements of how，and on what basis(base)，data are collected.(2016·江苏)‎ ‎4．The scenery was beautiful beyond expression.‎ ‎5．But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home.(2016·全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎6．This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元) in our brains，and when one tree is destroyed(destroy)，it affects all.(2014·辽宁)‎ ‎7．Peters died in 1984，and a tenfoot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder.‎ ‎8．I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life.(2016·四川)‎ ‎9．Judging(judge) from his accent，he must be from Australia.‎ ‎10．I turned around and saw a pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.(2016·全国Ⅱ)‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 ‎(2016·河南商丘一中考前押题三)‎ If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably have to say that we could not remember.But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day，we should be able to give an answer to the question.‎ It is the same in history.Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them.Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country，but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war.Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write.For example，we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4,000 years ago，because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them.But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa，because they had not learned to write.‎ Sometimes，of course，even if the people cannot write，they may know something of the past.They have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations，for most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past.This we may call “remembered history”．Some of it has now been written down.It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is，because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than ‎ when copied in writing.But where there are no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpful.‎ ‎11．Which of the following ideas is NOT suggested in the passage?‎ A．“Remembered history”，compared with written history，is less reliable.‎ B．Written records of the past play the most important role in our learning of the human history.‎ C．A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer many questions.‎ D．Where there are no written records，there is no history.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。文章并没有说没有书面记录的地方就没有历史，根据第三段第二句中的“They have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings”可知，口头相传也能传播历史。故选D。‎ ‎12．We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because .‎ A．there was nothing worth writing down at that time B．the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record C．the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire D．the people there did not know how to write 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“because they had not learned to ‎ write”可知D正确。‎ ‎13．“Remembered history” in Paragraph 3 refers to .‎ A．history based on a person’s imagination B．stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth C．songs and dances about the most important events D．both B and C 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“They have heard about it from older people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings”可知D正确。‎ ‎14．The passage suggests that we could have learned much more about our past than we do now if the ancient people had .‎ A．kept a written record of every past event B．not burnt their written records in wars C．told exact stories of the most important happenings D．made more songs and dances 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。通读文章可知，如果古代人会记录下所发生的事情，那么我们会更清楚历史，故A正确。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2017·湖北恩施建始一中月考)‎ Face Adversity(逆境) with a Smile I told my friend Graham that I often cycle the two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.He replied，“You mean 15 .”He explained that I should be glad of the 16 exercise that the hill provided.”‎ My 17 to the hill has now changed.I used to 18 as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to 19 and get fit.It will mean that I live longer.This hill is my friend. 20 ，I have a smile of 21 as I reach the top of the hill.‎ Problems are there to be faced and 22 .We cannot achieve anything with a(n) 23 life.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to 24 an University degree.She wrote，“Character cannot be 25 in ease and quiet.Only through 26 of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened，vision cleared，ambition inspired and success achieved.”‎ One of the main 27 of success in life is our attitude towards adversity.At times we all face hardships，problems，accidents and difficulties. 28 we cannot choose the adversity，we can choose our attitude towards it.‎ Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs amputated(截肢) following a flying accident.He was 29 to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aces(擅长的人)．He was a(n) 30 to others during the war.He said，“Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that.That’s nonsense. 31 your mind，and you’ll never 32 crutches(拐杖) or a stick，then have a go at everything.Go to school，join in all the games you can.Go 33 you want to.But never，never let them 34 you that things are too difficult or impossible.”‎ 语篇解析　在生活中我们总会遇到各种各样的困难，但我们要迎难而上，而不要被他人的言语打败。‎ ‎15．A.slowly B．fortunately C．carefully D．quickly 答案　B 解析　slowly慢慢地；fortunately幸运地；carefully 仔细地；quickly快速地。句意为：你的意思是幸运。根据后文“He explained that I should be glad of the exercise that the hill provided.”可知选B项。‎ ‎16．A.abundant B．proper C．extra D．necessary 答案　C 解析　abundant充足的；proper恰当的；extra 额外的；necessary必要的。句意为：他解释到我应该很高兴这座山额外所给予的锻炼。故选C项。‎ ‎17．A.attitude B．access C．entrance D．affection 答案　A 解析　attitude态度；access途径；entrance入口；affection感情。句意为：现在我对这座山的态度改变了。根据“I used to as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.”可知选A项。‎ ‎18．A.climb B．confuse C．comment D．complain 答案　D 解析　‎ climb爬；confuse使困惑；comment评论；complain抱怨。句意为：在过去我靠近那山坡时我会抱怨，但现在我告诉自己要顺其自然。根据but可知两个句子是过去和现在的对比，故选D项。‎ ‎19．A.put on weigh B．gain weight C．lose weight D．take my weight 答案　C 解析　put on weigh增重；gain weight增重；lose weight减肥。句意为：这帮我减肥，使我变得健康。根据“It will mean that I live longer.”可知选C项。‎ ‎20．A.Gradually B．Finally C．Rarely D．Approximately 答案　B 解析　gradually逐渐地；finally最后；rarely稀有地；approximately大约。句意为：最后，当我到达山顶时我露出了满意的笑容。故选B项。‎ ‎21．A.satisfaction B．devotion C．decoration D．caution 答案　A 解析　satisfaction满意；devotion 投入；decoration装饰；caution小心。句意为：最后，当我到达山顶时我露出了满意的笑容。根据语境可知作者到了山顶感到十分的满意，故选A项。‎ ‎22．A.understood B．clarified C．defeated D．overcome 答案　D 解析　understand 理解；clarify使清楚；defeat打败；overcome克服。句意为：问题总要面对和去克服的。故选D项。‎ ‎23．A.tough B．difficult C．easy D．reasonable 答案　C 解析　tough困难的；difficult困难的；easy容易的；reasonable合理的。句意为：我们不可能会轻易地实现目标。根据句意选C项。‎ ‎24．A.gain B．accept C．accomplish D．admire 答案　A 解析　gain赢得；accept接受；accomplish完成；admire钦佩。句意为：海伦凯勒是第一个赢得大学学位的聋哑人。根据常识可知选A项。‎ ‎25．A.founded B．produced C．constructed D．developed 答案　D 解析　found建立；produce生产；construct构成；develop发展。句意为：海伦说，在安逸和平静中，人格是无法发展的。只有通过艰难和困苦的磨难才能使内心坚定，视野开阔，雄心振奋，从而达到成功的目的。根据语境可知选D项。‎ ‎26．A.happiness B．experiences C．difficulties D．pressures 答案　B 解析　happiness幸福；experience经历；difficulty困难；pressure压力。句意参考上题解析，故选B项。‎ ‎27．A.emphasis B．conflicts C．factors D．powers 答案　C 解析　emphasis加强；conflict矛盾；factor因素；power力量。句意为：成功的一个重要因素是我们对于逆境的态度。根据句意选C项。‎ ‎28．A.While B．As C．Because D．If 答案　A 解析　while尽管；as因为；because因为；if如果。句意为：有时我们会面对困难，问题和各种事故。尽管我们不能选择逆境，但我们能选择我们的态度。两个句子是让步关系，故选A项。‎ ‎29．A.devoted B．determined C．commanded D．forced 答案　B 解析　句意为：他决定再次飞行，继续成为一个这方面的领头人。be determined to do下定决心做某事，故选B项。‎ ‎30．A.appreciation B．qualification C．inspiration D．destination 答案　C 解析　appreciation感激；qualification资格；inspiration鼓励；destination目的地。句意为：在战争期间，这对于他人来说是一种鼓励。根据语境可知选C项。‎ ‎31．A.Open up B．Make up C．Come to D．Come into 答案　B 解析　句意为：下定决心，你就不会用拐杖，然后就能迈向一切。make up one’s mind 下定决心，故选B项。‎ ‎32．A.reject B．deliver C．abandon D．use 答案　D 解析　reject 拒绝；deliver递送；abandon抛弃；use使用。句意参考上题解析，故选D项。‎ ‎33．A.anywhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．somewhere 答案　A 解析　anywhere任何地方；everywhere每个地方；nowhere无处；somewhere某地。句意为：去任何你想去的地方。故选A项。‎ ‎34．A.advise B．attempt C．request D．persuade 答案　D 解析　advise建议；attempt企图；request要求；persuade说服。句意为：绝不让它们说服你，让你觉得事情太难了或做这个事情是不可能的。根据语境可知选D项。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 调查显示目前我国公民年人均阅读量还不到有些国家的十分之一，“全民阅读”也连续两年被写入了《政府工作报告》。请以“Reading Matters”为题，写一篇英语倡议书向English Weekly征文专栏投稿。‎ 要点：1.造成目前现状的原因：没有阅读习惯；过于关注物质利益。‎ ‎2．阅读的好处：获取知识，开拓视野；利于思考，提高技能；丰富精神生活。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可根据要点提示适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Reading Matters Dear fellow students，‎ It is reported that ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Thanks for your listening!‎ 参考范文 Reading Matters Dear fellow students, ‎ It is reported that the annual average reading amount of per Chinese is less than onetenth of that of some other countries in the world，which causes certain worries among us.How did this come about?‎ The causes consist of two aspects.Firstly，people’s lack of reading habits explains the main reason，which is the most urgent and difficult thing to change.Secondly，it is obvious that people nowadays care more about ‎ material gains than the enrichment of the mind.‎ It’s high time that we paid attention to developing a good reading habit as it can bring us enormous benefits.For one thing，reading enables us to acquire knowledge and thus broadens our horizons.For another，it provides enough food for thought and improves our practical skills.What’s more，reading enriches our mind and makes it possible for us to lead a meaningful and fulfilling life.‎ Thanks for your listening!‎