【英语】湖北省鄂州市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

【英语】湖北省鄂州市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试试题（解析版）

湖北省鄂州市2019-2020学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A My First Marathon（马拉松）‎ A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.‎ I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂.‎ The idea that I was ＂not athletic＂ stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!‎ The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.‎ Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!‎ At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂‎ By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.‎ By mile 21, I was starving!‎ As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m. or questioned my expenses on running.‎ I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.‎ Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.‎ ‎1. A month before the marathon, the author ____________.‎ A. was well trained B. felt scared C. made up his mind to run D. lost hope ‎2. Why did the author mention the P.E. class in his 7th year?‎ A. To acknowledge the support of his teacher.‎ B. To amuse the readers with a funny story.‎ C. To show he was not talented in sports.‎ D. To share a precious memory.‎ ‎3. How was the author’s first marathon?‎ A. He made it. B. He quit halfway.‎ C. He got the first prize. D. He walked to the end.‎ ‎4. What does the story mainly tell us?‎ A. A man owes his success to his family support.‎ B. A winner is one with a great effort of will.‎ C. Failure is the mother of success.‎ D. One is never too old to learn ‎【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined to go ahead.可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t do either well. He later informed me that I was ＂not athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，‎ 作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a ＂marathon winner＂.可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。‎ 点睛：文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。‎ 此题中的前三题为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，I was determined to go ahead即made up his mind to run。第二题为语义理解题。根据文章第二段的信息In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didn’t do either well.可知，作者没有运动天赋。而第三题则为转述型，根据信息句I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.可知，作者跑完了马拉松，正好与made it 意义相同。‎ B Shortly after the war, my brother and I were invited to spend a few days with an uncle who had just returned from abroad. He had rented a cottage in the country, although he seldom spent much time there. We understood the reason for this after our arrival: the cottage had no comfortable furniture in it, many of the windows were broken and the roof leaked, making the whole house damp.‎ On our first evening, we sat around the fire after supper listening to the stories which our uncle had to tell of his many adventures in distant countries. I was so tired after the long train journey that I would have preferred to go to bed; but I could not bear to miss any of my uncle's exciting tales.‎ He was just in the middle of describing a rather terrifying experience he had once had when there was a loud crash from the bedroom above, the one where my brother and I were going to ‎ sleep.‎ ‎''It sounds as if the roof has fallen in! '' cried out my uncle, with a loud laugh.‎ When we got to the top of the stairs and opened the bedroom door, we could see nothing at first because of the thick clouds of dust which filled the room. When the dust began to clear, a strange sight met our eyes. A large part of the ceiling had fallen down, falling right on to the pillow of my bed. I was glad that I had stayed up late to listen to my uncle's stories, otherwise I should certainly have been seriously injured,perhaps killed.‎ That night we all slept on the floor in the sitting room downstairs, not wishing to risk our lives by sleeping under a roof which might at any moment fall down on our heads. We left for London the very next morning and my uncle gave up his cottage in the country. This was not the kind of adventure he cared for either!‎ ‎5. Why did the uncle seldom spend much time in the country cottage?‎ A. Because he was used to living abroad.‎ B. Because there was no furniture in it.‎ C. Because the cottage was in bad condition.‎ D. Because the roof of the cottage was falling.‎ ‎6. When they opened the bedroom door, they could see nothing at first because ________.‎ A. there was too much dust in the air B. something strange blinded them C. it was completely dark inside D. it was too bright inside ‎7. The writer felt glad that he had stayed up late because ________.‎ A. he saw a strange sight B. he did not miss the exciting stories C. he spent more time with his uncle D. he had a lucky escape ‎【答案】5. C 6. A 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者兄弟俩和国外归来的叔叔一起在乡间小屋里度过一晚的故事。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的He had rented a cottage in the country, although he seldom spent much time there. We understood the reason for this after our arrival: the cottage had no comfortable furniture in it, many of the windows were broken and the roof leaked, making the whole house damp. (他在乡村租了一间小屋，但是他很少去住。我们到了那儿后明白了他很少来的原因：这间小屋没有舒适的家具，很多窗户都是破的，而且还漏水，使得整间房子都很潮湿)可知作者叔叔很少去小屋的原因是小屋的居住条件很差。C. Because the cottage was in bad condition. (因为小屋的居住条件很差)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的When we got to the top of the stairs and opened the bedroom door, we could see nothing at first because of the thick clouds of dust which filled the room. (当我们走到楼梯顶部打开卧室门时，一开始什么都看不到，因为厚厚的灰尘填满了房间)可知他们一开始什么也看不到是因为灰尘太厚了。A. there was too much dust in the air (那儿有太多的灰尘)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的I was glad that I had stayed up late to listen to my uncle's stories, otherwise I should certainly have been seriously injured，perhaps killed. (我很庆幸我那晚熬夜听叔叔的故事，否则我肯定会受很严重的伤，或者死亡)可知作者庆幸他那晚熬夜是因为他躲过了一劫。D. he had a lucky escape (他幸运地躲过了一劫)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ C Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for women's rights long before they became a popular issue.‎ Susan was born on February 15,1820, in Adams, Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.‎ At the age of 15, Susan became a school teacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.‎ After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the women's suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing, and appealing by Susan and other women, some parts of the United ‎ States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision. It was not until 1920 that the U.S Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.‎ Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.‎ ‎8. What was the situation of American women like when Susan was born?‎ A. They could vote after getting married.‎ B. They were responsible for decision making.‎ C. They had low social status.‎ D. They managed money for their husbands.‎ ‎9. What is the third paragraph mainly about?‎ A. Susan's efforts to abolish slavery.‎ B. Susan's fighting for women's causes.‎ C. Susan's educational background.‎ D. Susan's teaching experiences.‎ ‎10. What does the word ''decision'' in the fourth paragraph refer to?‎ A. Uniting other areas and states.‎ B. Changing the U.S Constitution.‎ C. Promoting the social movement.‎ D. Giving women voting rights.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote. (‎ 那时，妇女几乎没有权利。她们不能拥有财产，她们挣的钱属于她们的丈夫，和孩子有关的重要决定都是由父亲来做，女性没有选举权)可知Susan出生时美国的女性几乎没有权利，社会地位极低。C. They had low social status. (她们社会地位很低)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段的主要内容，尤其是Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women (然后，她开始组织妇女团体来促进对妇女很重要的事业)可知，本段主要讲述Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而做的斗争。B. Susan's fighting for women's causes. (Susan为争取女权而做的斗争)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第四段的some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision.可知美国的一些州修改了法律，给了妇女投票权。第一个是1869年修改法律的怀俄明州，逐渐地，其他地区和州也开始跟随怀俄明州的decision。结合句意可猜测划线部分的意思是“给妇女投票权”。D. Giving women voting rights. (给妇女投票权)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面的文章，从文章后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Are you feeling anxious about your test next week? Here are some tips that will help you in dealing with stress and anxiety.‎ Study regularly One of the most important ways of avoiding test anxiety is to prepare well in advance Study regularly for a few hours every day. ___11___.‎ Reduce study pressure If students are not able to deal with anxiety or nervousness, they could talk to their teachers, student counselors(辅导员), parents or friends. Parents should also avoid pressurizing(加压) their kids to do well. ___12___Then your children can study without any tension(紧张). Another important point that arises here is neither the students nor the parents should compare the children with their other classmates and friends.‎ Physical fitness Do not forget to eat and sleep properly. Many times due to anxiety students avoid sleep and starve themselves. ___13___. Exercising regularly is equally important as talking to friends and socializing(社交).‎ ‎___14___‎ Plan your studies well. Chart(制图) out a timetable and take proper breaks between studying. Along with the study time, allot (分配) time to relax and do what you love to do. Practicing simple breathing skills will also help reduce stress.‎ ‎___15___While it is important to gain good scores in tests, it is not the most important thing in life. Learning to deal with nervousness and stress will not only help them to do well in school tests, but also in their future life.‎ A. Listen carefully in class B. Prepare schedule C. Create a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere at home.‎ D. It helps in increasing the confidence of students.‎ E. Test and exam time causes a lot of nervousness in students.‎ F. They should sleep for at least 6-7 hours a day and eat nutritious and healthy food.‎ G. Students should remember that tests are just a part of life.‎ ‎【答案】11. D 12. C 13. F 14. B 15. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章是关于如何缓解学习压力的一些建议。在文中作者提到不要临时抱佛脚，要坚持一贯的学习；要坚持进行体育锻炼，要保证充足的睡眠和合理健康的饮食；此外，家长也要在家中提供一个温馨，舒适放松的环境。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 上文Study regularly for a few hours every day. (有规律地每天学习几小时)与D. It helps in increasing the confidence of students. (它将有助于增加学生的信心)承接自然，选项是前文所提建议能带来的好处，故选D项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ C. Create a peaceful and relaxing atmosphere at home. (在家给孩子创造宁静放松的氛围)与下文Then your children can study without any tension(紧张). (‎ 这样你的孩子学习就没有紧张感)承接自然，后文是选项所提建议的好处，relaxing和tension是关键词，故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 前文Many times due to anxiety students avoid sleep and starve themselves. (很多时候，因为焦虑学生不睡觉也不吃东西)与F. They should sleep for at least 6-7 hours a day and eat nutritious and healthy food. (他们应该每天至少睡6-7小时，并且吃有营养的和健康的食物)承接自然，选项是针对上文情况所提出的建议，sleep是关键词，故选F项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 根据下文Plan your studies well. Chart out a timetable (把你的学习计划好。制定一个时间表)可知在本段主要讲述要制定时间表，有计划的学习和生活。B. Prepare schedule (准备时间表)可以作为本段的小标题，故选B项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 下文While it is important to gain good scores in tests，it is not the most important thing in life. (尽管考试得高分很重要，但那不是人生中最重要的事)与G. Students should remember that tests are just a part of life. (学生要记得考试只是生活的一部分)承接自然，前后文都讲述对待考试应该有的态度，important是关键词，故选G项。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ As China's economy grows rapidly and more people choose to raise one child, it is very ____16____for young men or young women to care for the aging ____17____. Young people always complain that they ____18____ too much pressure with caring for the ____19____. How the aging people can be cared well is a ____20____ topic in recent years. In my opinion, we, our government and our society can do ____21____ as follows.‎ Firstly, our government should adopt more ____22____ measures to make the elders have enough pensions. Then the elders will ____23____ that they can support themselves and needn’t ____24____ their living expenses.‎ Secondly, I think that every young people should take _____25_____ to care for their old parents. Your parents have taken great efforts to bring you _____26_____. So when they get old, you should let your parents know _____27_____ you care about them and you can do something ‎ for them. The most important is not to make your parents feel _____28_____.‎ Thirdly, the whole society should be _____29_____ elders' activities. The society should provide necessary _____30_____ for the elders to take part in activities. _____31_____ the activities, they can enjoy the happy time with their friends and other elders.‎ In conclusion, I want to _____32_____ that elders are very important to our society. They have done _____33_____ contributions to our society. When they grow old, they _____34_____ more respect from us, especially youth. Let's _____35_____ more attention to elders' life.‎ ‎16. A. difficult B. easy C. important D. urgent ‎17. A. grandparents B. parents C. grandchildren D. children ‎18. A. produce B. put C. face D. create ‎19. A. babies B. elders C. youngsters D. children ‎20. A. nice B. warm C. cool D. hot ‎21. A. hardly B. smoothly C. completely D. simply ‎22. A. direct B. effective ‎ C. accurate D. immediate ‎23. A. fear B. hope C. feel D. doubt ‎24. A. talk about B. think about ‎ C. quarrel about D. worry about ‎25. A. responsibility B. attempt ‎ C. advantage D. requirement ‎26. A. about B. up C. in D. down ‎27. A. what B. how C. that D. when ‎28. A. excited B. lonely C. lovely D. guilty ‎29. A. in favor of B. in terms of ‎ C. in need of D. in memory of ‎30. A. permit B. plan C. space D. time ‎31. A. Before B. Through C. After D. By ‎32. A. promise B. expect C. review D. note ‎33. A. considerable B. much C. negative D. passive ‎34. A. have B. show C. deserve D. take ‎35. A. pay B. seek C. attract D. spend ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。近几年如何让老年人得到照顾已经成为热点话题。全文讨论了社会的养老问题，作者就这个问题发表了自己的观点。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着中国经济的快速发展以及更多人选择只养一个孩子，对于年轻男女来说照顾年迈的父母非常困难。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. important重要的；D. urgent紧急的。根据下文的they ________ too much pressure with caring for the ________.可知他们在照顾父母方面有很大的压力，故推测照顾年迈的父母对他们来说很难，故选A项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. grandparents祖父母；B. parents父母；C. grandchildren孙子孙女；D. children孩子。根据下文的So when they get old, you should let your parents know ________ you care about them and you can do something for them.可知此处用“父母”符合语境，parents是原词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人抱怨他们在照顾老人方面面临着巨大压力。A. produce生产；B. put放置；C. face面临；D. create创造。结合句意可知，此处用“面临压力”符合语境和语言表达习惯，故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. babies婴儿；B. elders老人；C. youngsters年轻人；D. children孩子。根据上文的care for the aging可知此处用“老人”符合语境，aging和older是同义词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：近年来，老年人如何得到好的照顾是个热门话题。A. nice好的；B. warm暖和的；C. cool凉爽的，酷的；D. hot热门的。结合常识和语境可知，如何让老人得到好的照顾是这几年的热门话题，故选D项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，我们、政府和社会只需照着下面的做就可以了。A. hardly几乎不；B. smoothly顺畅地；C. completely完全地；D. simply仅仅，只要。结合语境可知，此处是指作者认为只要照着下面他所陈述的去做，照顾老年人的问题就可以很容易地解决，故选D项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，政府应该采取更有效的措施来让老人得到足够的养老金。A. direct直接的；B. effective有效的；C. accurate准确的；D. immediate迅速的。结合句意可知，此处是指建议政府采取有效措施解决老年人的养老金问题，故选B项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样，老年人就会觉得他们能够养活自己，也不必担心生活开支。A. fear害怕；B. hope希望；C. feel觉得；D. doubt怀疑。结合上下文可知，此处是指有了足够的养老金，老人就会觉得可以靠自己生活，故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. talk about谈论；B. think about考虑；C. quarrel about为……争吵；D. worry about担心。根据上文的they can support themselves可知此处用“不用担心”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，我认为每个年轻人都要负起照顾自己年迈父母的责任。A. responsibility责任；B. attempt尝试；C. advantage优势；D. requirement要求。结合常识可知，照顾父母是子女的责任，故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你的父母已经付出巨大努力养育你。A. (bring)about导致；B. (bring) up养育；C. (bring)in 引进；D. (bring)down击倒。结合上下文可知，此处是指父母已经把我们养育成人，我们有责任照顾他们，故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：因此，当他们上了年纪时你应该让父母知道你会照顾他们，可以为他们做一些事。A. what什么；B. how怎样；C. that（无意义）；D. when何时。分析句子结构可知，此处考查宾语从句连接词，从句you care about them and you can do something for them.的成分和意义都完整，故用that引导，故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，不要让你的父母感到孤独。A. excited兴奋的；B. lonely孤独的；C. lovely可爱的；D. guilty罪恶的。结合句意可知，此处是指要照顾父母，不要让他们孤独，故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：第三，全社会都应该支持老人的活动。A. in favor of支持；B. in terms of就……而言；C. in need of需要；D. in memory of纪念。根据下文的The society should provide necessary ________ for the elders to take part in activities可知此处用“支持”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：社会应该为老年人提供参加活动的必要空间。A. permit 许可证；B. plan计划；C. space空间；D. time时间。结合句意可知，此处是指社会要提供空间让老年人参与各种活动，故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查介词词意辨析。句意：通过这些活动。他们可以和他们的朋友以及其他老人一起享受快乐时光。A. Before在……之前；B. Through通过；C. After在……之后；D. By通过。结合句意可知，此处用“通过”符合语境，by虽然也有此意，但它后面一般接交通工具或者方法，故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我想指出老年人对社会很重要。A. promise承诺；B. expect期待；C. review复习；D. note指出。结合句意可知，此处是陈述作者又一观点，用“指出”符合逻辑，故选D项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们已经为社会做出了相当多的贡献。A. considerable相当多的；B. much很多；C. negative消极的，否定的；D. passive被动的。结合上下文可知，此处用“相当多的贡献”符合语境，虽然much也有此意，但它只能修饰不可数名词，故选A项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们变老时，他们理应得到我们的尊敬，尤其是年轻人。A. have有；B. show展示；C. deserve应得；D. take 拿。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为他们年轻时为社会奉献了很多，所以他们应该得到我们的尊敬，故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们更多关注老年人的生活。A. pay支付；B. seek寻找；C. attract吸引；D. spend花费。结合句意可知，此处考查短语pay attention to“关注”，故选A项。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Have you ever noticed that you feel ___36___ (happy) and more relaxed after you eat bread，pasta or fruit? Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or beans? These things are not accidents. Food ___37___ (affect) how we feel more than we think. Scientists researching ___38___ (it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.‎ Although our moods relate ___39___ having various food，it is not quite as simple as choosing the food for the right occasions. If that ___40___(be) the case，athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race.‎ Another chemical ___41___(connect) with our moods is caffeine, ___42___is found in coffee, chocolate and many types of tea，and it is perhaps ___43___ worst thing you can have when you are feeling stressed.‎ Of course，enjoying a nice meal with friends，whatever we eat，can also impact our spirits. ___44___(be) with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.‎ Most importantly，though，remember the following old rule：try to eat different food，___45___ not too much.‎ ‎【答案】36. happier 37. affects 38. its 39. to 40. were 41. connected 42. which 43. the 44. Being 45. but/yet ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。食物如何影响我们的感觉比我们想象的要多。研究食物对我们情绪影响的科学家们开始理解我们可以通过吃什么来影响我们的情绪。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，由后文的more判断用比较级形式，故填happier。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是主句谓语动词，由后文的feel判断为一般现在时，主语food不可数，故谓语动词加-s，故填affects。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查代词。此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词effect(效果)，故填its。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查介词。此处考查短语relate to“与……有关”，故填to。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查虚拟语气。根据下文的would not eat判断此处考查if引导的非真实条件状语从句，即虚拟语气，结合语境可知此处是指与现在事实相反，故填were。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，chemical和connect之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填connected。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词caffeine在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词，故填which。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查冠词。根据worst判断此处是形容词最高级，故应在其前面加定冠词，故填the。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用be的动名词形式作主语，故填Being。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：但最重要的是，记住老规矩：尽量吃不同的事物，但不要过量。根据句意可知，前后是转折关系，故填but/yet。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，你校近期将举办全市高中生中国古代诗词大会（Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition），你想邀请一直对中国古代诗词非常感兴趣的外教Mr. Smith观看本次比赛。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 比赛目的2. 比赛时间、地点 注意：1. 词数80词左右；‎ ‎2 适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。‎ Dear Mr. Smith,‎ How are you going? __________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,‎ How are you going? I am writing to invite you to watch the Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition for high school students of our city, which will be held in our school concert hall this Friday afternoon from 2 p.m. to 5 p. m.‎ It is aimed to arouse students' interest in Chinese culture and popularize Chinese poetry. I've heard that you are fond of Chinese culture, especially Chinese ancient poetry, so this competition is the one you can't miss. The competition will provide an opportunity for you to have a better understanding of our traditional culture and feel the enthusiasm for learning Chinese culture. Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给外教Mr. Smith写信，邀请他来参观你校举行的全市高中生中国古代诗词大会。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般将来时和一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ ‎1. 写信目的；‎ ‎2. 比赛目的和比赛时间、地点 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ invite sb to do sth./ be welcome to/ be interested in/ be fond of/ provide sth. for sb./ have a better understanding of/ look forward to/ have a chance to do sth.‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I am writing to invite you to watch the Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition for high school students of our city.‎ ‎2. It will be held in our school concert hall this Friday afternoon from 2 p.m. to 5 p. m. ‎ ‎3. It is aimed to trigger students' interest in Chinese culture and popularize Chinese poetry. ‎ ‎4. Knowing that you are fond of Chinese culture, especially Chinese ancient poetry, I think the competition is the one you can't miss. ‎ ‎5. The competition will provide a chance for you to have a better understanding of our traditional culture.‎ ‎6. Looking forward to your early reply.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：I am writing to invite you to watch the Chinese Ancient Poetry Competition for high school students of our city, which will be held in our school concert hall this Friday afternoon from 2 p.m. to 5 p. m.中which引导非限制性定语从句；I've heard that you are fond of Chinese culture, especially Chinese ancient poetry, so this competition is the one you can't miss.中that引导宾语从句。文中多处长句难句的使用不仅为文章增色添彩，也彰显了作者的语言功底。‎ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短义,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ How to keep healthy Ten years ago I used to be very healthy. I went to work by bike and I got a lot of exercise at the weekend. I played tennis a lot and went for long walks. In those days, I didn't earn very much. I had a job in an office, which wasn't very good, but I had a lot of time to do the things I enjoyed.‎ Then, about 8 years ago, I got a much better job. The pay was better. But the hours were a lot longer. I bought a car and drove to work every day, and began to take people out to lunch. And I began to be overweight, too. I stopped playing tennis and going for long walks at the weekend, because I just didn't have any time for things like that any more. There was a lot of stress in a job like mine; perhaps that was why I started drinking more than I used to. For example, I used to have only half a glass of whisky when I got home, and then I started filling the glass to the top. Then I had another glass, and then another. I started smoking a lot, too. I never used to smoke at all.‎ Two months ago I had a heart attack. At first I just couldn't believe it. ''I'm too young and I want to keep healthier, I said. Luckily it wasn't very serious. I was in hospital for a few days and they did a lot of tests. The doctor advised me to stop smoking and to eat less. He told me to do a lot of other things. For example, he advised me to workless and get more exercise. But I just haven't any time! My job takes everything out of me!‎ Sometimes I wonder if I should get another job. Perhaps I could do something that I used to do. But if I do that, I won't earn much. I have a family to support. I just don't know what I should do.‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;‎ ‎2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线关键词语;‎ ‎3. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;‎ ‎4. 续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语 Paragraph 1 :‎ Later, I knew one person who really believed in keeping fit.‎ ‎ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2 :‎ But now her story has completely changed the way I live.‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1 :‎ Later, I knew one person who really believed in keeping fit. She looked at least 10 years younger. She told me her story. Two years ago, she was overweight because she used to smoke a lot, about 30 cigarettes a day; she never got any exercise and she often stayed at home all day. She never went out, except for shopping. If she had to go out, she only drove a car instead of walking. One day she looked at herself in the mirror, thinking that she was too fat.‎ Paragraph 2:‎ But now her story has completely changed the way I live. I've stopped eating meat and have started eating far more fresh vegetables. At first my husband and daughter didn’t like the new food. I sold my car and bought a bike. What's more, I've started doing yoga exercise at the weekend. With my encouragement, my husband often goes cycling with me now and my daughter jogs with me in the evening. We've lost weight and we are much healthier than we used to be. (159 words)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写。文章主要讲述了作者因为换了工作，而改变了原来的生活方式。虽然挣得多，但是她没时间运动，并且爱上了酗酒和抽烟，因此身体出现了健康问题。‎ ‎【详解】续写分为两段。第一段的开头是：后来我遇到了一个信奉保持健康的人。故推测后面应该写这个人因为什么而信奉健康。所以可以接着写：她告诉我她的故事。她从来不运动，也很少出门，即使迫不得已出门都会开着车。她喜欢抽烟、喝酒以及吃垃圾食品。有一天她路过镜子时意识到自己太胖了。所以决定通过运动减肥。经过两年的努力，她终于瘦了，同时也更加健康了。‎ 第二段的开头是：她的故事完全改变了我的生活方式。故推测后面应该接着写作者的生活方式又哪些转变。所以可以接着写：我戒掉了烟和酒，开始吃健康的食物。为了能够有充足的锻炼，同时不耽误上班时间我买了一辆自行车，开始骑车上班。周末我也不和朋友同事一起出去大吃大喝了，而是到健身房锻炼身体。在我的影响下，家人也开始用健康的方式生活。现在我瘦了很多，并且比以前健康了。‎ 续写时，用五个关键词加大了写作难度，考生应熟悉划线词，并在适当时候加以运用。写作完成后，记得用下划线标注关键词。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句和分词结构，例如：One day she looked at herself in the mirror, thinking that she was too fat.中使用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句；We've lost weight and we are much healthier than we used to be.中than引导比较状语从句。‎