2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题11非谓语动词专练二含解析

2021届高考英语一轮语法复习专题11非谓语动词专练二含解析

‎2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点非谓语动词专练（二）‎ 一、基础达标测试（本题共20小题，每题1分，共20分）‎ ‎1.Sherry used a piece of bread _______________ (tempt) the rat into her trap.‎ ‎【答案】to tempt ‎【解析】考查固定句型。句意：雪莉用一片面包引诱老鼠进入她的陷阱。use...to do sth.用......做某事，为固定句型，故填to tempt.‎ ‎2.________ (accommodate) the growing number of patients, the clinic has had to extend its service from five days to seven days a week.‎ ‎【答案】To accommodate ‎【解析】句意：为了容纳越来越多的病人，这家诊所不得不把服务时间从每周5天延长到7天。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填To accommodate.‎ ‎3.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced __________ (raise) people's concern over food safety.‎ ‎【答案】to raise ‎【解析】考查不定式。句意：政府官员表示将会制作更多的电视节目，来提高人们对食品安全问题的关注。分析句意可知，此处需要用动词不定式表示目的。故填to raise.‎ ‎4.George Gould visited the tomb, only ___________ (catch) a high fever the next day.‎ ‎【答案】to catch ‎【解析】句意：George Gould参观了墓地，结果第二天就发高烧了。根据句意，这里是(only)to do 表示结果状语从句，位于主语后面。故填to catch .‎ ‎5.In fact, women are less likely __________ (have) high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.‎ ‎【答案】to have ‎【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：​事实上，女性患高血压或死于心脏病的可能性更小。be likely to do sth.“可能会做某事”，固定短语，故填to have.‎ ‎6.The main road ______________ (build) next week is beneficial to our life.‎ ‎【答案】to be built ‎【解析】考查不定式的被动式。句意：下周将要被建的这条主路有益于我们的生活。根据句中的时间状语next week确定，本空用不定式表示将要发生的动作，build与road之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故本空用不定式的被动式to be built，故填to be built.‎ 7‎ ‎7.This is the only way he thought of _________ (solve) the challenging task.‎ ‎【答案】to solve ‎【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。分析句子结构可知，he thought of是定语从句，修饰名词way，________ (solve)  the challenging task是目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to solve.‎ ‎8.I couldn't afford ________（buy）these books, so I borrowed them from the library.‎ ‎【答案】to buy ‎【解析】句意：我买不起这些书，所以我从图书馆借了。 afford to do支付得起，买得起，为固定搭配，故填 to buy.‎ ‎9.We think it no good ________(talk) about the topic any more.‎ ‎【答案】talking ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们认为再谈论这个话题没有好处。根据句子结构，本题中it作形式宾语，动词talk引导的部分作句子真正的宾语，因此应用动名词形式talking.故填talking. 10.Tom's ________ (punish) by the teacher made him feel lucky.‎ ‎【答案】not being punished/not having been punished ‎【解析】考查动名词。根据句子分析可知，本空是句子的主语，要用动词的动名词形式，动词punish和它的逻辑主语Tom是动宾关系，要使用动名词的被动形式，要是考虑已经被处罚过了，也可以使用动名词的完成被动式，结合句意“使他感到幸运”的应该是“汤姆没有被处罚”，动名词要使用否定形式，not置于动名词最前面，故填not being punished/not having been punished. 11.Children _________ (expose) to difficult situations are better at handling those tasks.‎ ‎【答案】exposed ‎【解析】考查过去分词。句意：接触不同困难处境的孩子更善于处理那些任务。由题干可知，这里的动词 expose作后置定语修饰前面的名词Children，两者之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词Children。故填exposed.‎ ‎12.Little Tom admitted __________(cheat) in the examination.‎ ‎【答案】cheating/having cheated ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：小汤姆承认考试作弊了。动词admit表示“承认”，后面接动名词作宾语，故本空可填cheating；根据句意，cheat这一动作发生在谓语动词admitted的动作之前，所以本空也可用-ing的完成式。故填cheating/having cheated. 13.Generally speaking, I can't stand __________(sit) and doing nothing .‎ 7‎ ‎【答案】sitting ‎【解析】考查动名词。句意：一般情况下，我不能忍受坐着，什么也不做。can't stand doing sth.无法忍受做某事，固定搭配。故填sitting. 14.He became addicted to ________(take) drugs when he was young.‎ ‎【答案】taking ‎【解析】考查动名词。句意：当他年轻的时候，他吸毒成瘾。become addicted to是固定搭配，意思是成瘾，沉溺于，to是介词，后面加动名词做宾语，故填taking. 15.Every time you feel like __________(smoke) a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.‎ ‎【答案】smoking ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：每当你想抽烟的时候，提醒自己你是一个不抽烟的人。feel like doing sth.想要做某事，固定短语。smoke抽烟，动词原形；smoking动名词。故填smoking. 16.With living standards improving, we should now also attach importance to ________ (have) a balanced diet.‎ ‎【答案】having ‎【解析】考查动名词。此处to是介词，所以空处动词需用动名词作宾语，attach importance to doing sth.对做某事重视。故填having. 17.In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands __________ (press) together.‎ ‎【答案】pressed ‎【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：在泰国和东南亚其他地区，通常的问候是双手合十的轻微鞠躬。with复合结构：with+名词+分词，hands和press之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，故填pressed.‎ ‎18.When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely_______ (absorb) in a magazine.‎ ‎【答案】absorbed ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。be absorbed  in全神贯注于，专心致志于,固定短语，空处逻辑主语是my father,过去分词作状语。absorb动词，过去分词形式absorbed.故填absorbed. 19.The Internet keeps us _______________ (inform) of what is going on in the world.‎ ‎【答案】informed 7‎ ‎【解析】考查过去分词。句意：互联网让我们知道世界上正发生什么事。keep sb. +过去分词，使某人被……，结合题意可知是informed，使某人被告知。故填informed. 20.____________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.‎ ‎【答案】Founded ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于20世纪初期，这所学校不断激发孩子们对艺术的热爱。根据句意及句子结构，the school与found之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应使用过去分词作状语。found建立，动词原形；founded过去分词。置于句首需大写单词首字母。故填Founded. 二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ ‎1.（2019.全国卷II）Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene declared she had no plans ______ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：艾琳宣称她没有计划从她36岁的生意中退休。不定式做定语常表示将来，用来修饰前面的名词plan，故填to retire.‎ ‎2.（2019.全国卷II）When we got a call ______ (say) she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke.‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying.‎ ‎3.（2019.全国卷III）On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ______ (get) there.‎ ‎【解析】考查固定句型。It take/took sb. some time to do sth .句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get.‎ ‎4.（2018.全国卷II）China’s approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.‎ ‎【答案】feeding　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词作时间状语。故填feeding.‎ ‎5.（2018.全国卷III）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid (look) directly into his eyes 7‎ ‎【答案】looking　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以便它不会感到受到了挑战。动词avoid后须用动名词形式作宾语且look与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词looking.‎ ‎6.（2018.全国卷III）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).‎ ‎【答案】challenged　‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged.‎ ‎7.(2016·全国卷I ) When I was the first Western TV reporter_____ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.‎ ‎【答案】permitted ‎【解析】考查过去分词。permit的逻辑主语是the first Western TV reporter，它们之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填permitted.‎ ‎8.(2016·全国卷I )My ambassadorial duties will include _____(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ ‎【答案】introducing ‎【解析】考查常用结构。include后接动词，通常接动名词，故填introducing.‎ ‎9.(2016·上海卷) Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _____(annoy) over unimportant things?.‎ ‎【答案】annoyed ‎ ‎【解析】考查过去分词。句意：你是否发现自己在不重要的事情上变得不耐烦或烦恼？本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构，annoyed过去分词作表语，表示“恼怒的”。故填annoyed.‎ ‎10.(2016·上海卷) If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely _______ (get )ill.‎ ‎【答案】to get ‎ ‎【解析】考查形容词短语。短语be likely to do sth可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过150，你就非常有可能生病了。故填to get.‎ 三、非谓语动词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 7‎ There is a wonderful story about a young girl who had no family and no one __1_______(love) her．‎ One day, _2_________(feel) very sad and lonely, she was walking through a grassland when she noticed a small butterfly ___3_________(catch) in a bush．The young girl carefully released the butterfly.Instead of ____4________(fly) away , the little butterfly changed into a beautiful fairy.‎ ‎“In return for your wonderful kindness，” the good fairy said to the girl, “I will give you any wish that you would like __5______( get ).” The little girl thought for a moment and then replied, “I want to be happy.”‎ Leaning toward her, the fairy whispered in her ear and then disappeared.‎ With the little girl __6_______(grow) up, there was no one in the land happier than she was.Everyone wanted to make themselves ____7_______(tell) the secret of happiness by her.She would only smile and answer, “The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a good fairy when I was a little girl.”‎ When she was dying，the neighbors all gathered around her, ___8_______（fear） that her unbelievable secret of happiness would die with her.So they begged her ____9______(tell) them what the good fairy said.The lovely old woman simply smiled, ____10______(say), “She told me that everyone, no matter how old or young, how rich or poor, had need of me.”‎ ‎1.【答案】to love ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：有一个很棒的故事，关于一个年轻的女孩，她没有家人，也没有人爱她。动词不定式作定语，放在先行词no one后，此时先行词no one 与不定式to love 逻辑上是主谓关系。故填to love.‎ ‎2.【答案】feeling ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：有一天，由于感觉很伤心很孤独，她穿过一片草原。在此句中was walking是谓语，feel very sad and lonely就是非谓语部分，she 和feel是逻辑上的主谓关系，应该用现在分词。故填feeling.‎ ‎3.【答案】caught ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：她在穿过一片草地的时候，她注意到一只小蝴蝶被困在在灌木丛中。固定短语notice sth done ，a butterfly与catch在逻辑上是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填caught.‎ ‎4.【答案】flying 7‎ ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：小蝴蝶不是飞走了，而是变成了一个美丽的仙女。介词后面用动名词形式。故填flying.‎ ‎5.【答案】to get ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我会给你任何你想得到的愿望。固定搭配would like to do sth想要做某事。故填to get.‎ ‎6.【答案】growing ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词和with短语的复合结构。句意：随着小女孩长大，这片土地上没有人比她更快乐。本题后面是一个with的复合结构，宾语是the little girl，其与grow之间是主谓关系，所以空处需用现在分词growing作宾补。故填growing.‎ ‎7.【答案】told ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：每个人都想让她告诉自己幸福的秘密。 空格处在句子中做宾语补足语，tell和themselves是被动关系，用过去分词表示被动，故填told.‎ ‎8.【答案】fearing ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：当她快死的时候，邻居们都围在她身边，害怕她难以置信的幸福秘密会和她一起死去。主语neighbors与fear是逻辑的主谓关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填fearing.‎ ‎9.【答案】to tell ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意： 所以他们求她告诉他们好仙女说了什么。固定搭配短语beg sb to do sth乞求某人做某事。故填to tell.‎ ‎10【答案】saying ‎【解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：这位可爱的老妇人只是笑了笑，同时说，“她告诉我，每个人，无论多大或多小，多么富有或贫穷，都需要我。”现在分词表示和谓语同时发生的动作，作伴随状语。故填saying.‎ 7‎