第07周+情态动词和虚拟语气-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第07周+情态动词和虚拟语气-试题君之周末培优君2017-2018学年高考英语人教版

第 ⑦ 周 情态动词和虚拟语气 ‎（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）‎ 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________‎ I. 用适当的情态动词或括号内所给词的适当形式填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)‎ ‎1. (2017·北京卷)Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that _______ shock the heart back into work.‎ ‎2. (2017·北京卷)The possibility of entering into and losing such a match _________ concentrate the minds of computer scientists. ‎ ‎3. (2017·天津卷)What _________ she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall?‎ ‎4.Jack is a great talker. It's high time that he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.‎ ‎5.We ________ (face) the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me?‎ ‎6.Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (be) made of steel.‎ ‎7.Sorry，I am too busy now. If I ________ (have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.‎ ‎8.Sometimes smiles around the world ________ be false，hiding other feelings like anger，fear or worry.‎ ‎9.According to the factory safety rules，all accidents ________ be reported to the safety officer.‎ ‎10.—School is over. How can we contact Robert?‎ ‎—Try phoning him. He ________ be home by now. He lives only a stone's throw from the school.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ ‎ 1.can　 2. should　 3. would　 4.did/should do　 5.could have faced　‎ ‎6.were　 7.had　 8.can 9.shall　 10.should Ⅱ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1. (2017·北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.‎ A. must B. should C. can D. need ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，答案为C。‎ ‎2. (2017·北京卷)If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. ‎ A. had been put B. were put ‎ C. should be put D. would be put ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。‎ ‎3. (2017·天津卷)My room is a mess, but I ___________ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.‎ A. daren’t B. shouldn’t ‎ C. needn’t D. mustn’t ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。A. 不敢；B. 不应该；C. 不需要；D. 禁止。根据句意，故选C。‎ ‎4. (2017·天津卷) —Do you have Betty’s phone number?‎ ‎—Yes. Otherwise, I ___________ able to reach her yesterday.‎ A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been ‎ C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be ‎【答案】B ‎5. (2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。‎ ‎6.— What happened to the young trees we planted last week?‎ ‎— The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them.‎ A. might grow B. would have grown C. needn’t have grown D. would grow ‎【答案】B ‎7.My phone ______ have been stolen while I was taking a bus. I can't find it anywhere.‎ A. can B. must C. should D. would ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查情态动词。句意：一定是我乘坐公共汽车的时候手机被偷了。我到处都找不到它。can能；must必须；should应该；would将会。must have done过去一定做某事。故选B。‎ ‎8.—Did you say something rude to her due to what she had done?‎ ‎—Yes, but I ____________so.‎ A. had better not do B. would rather not do C. oughtn’t to do D. would rather not have done ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。结合语境可知，say something rude已经是过去的动作，答句表示“我宁愿我没说那样的话”，表示与过去事实相反的情况，would rather后应用have V-ed，故选D项。‎ ‎9._____ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.‎ A. If I devoted B. Had I devoted C. Would I be devoted D. Should I be devoted ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我投入更多的精力在我的学习上，而不是着迷于网络游戏，我现在就会坐在一个舒适的办公室里了。本句运用了虚拟语气，根据句意可知，从句是对过去时期的推测。所以，从句的完整表达方式应该是if I had devoted more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games.此时，可以省去if，提前had。故选B。‎ ‎10.If I had the chance, I _____ a business at my university that would benefit my classmates.‎ A. started B. would start C. had started D. would have started ‎【答案】B III.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎（2017·江苏卷）A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.‎ Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.‎ ‎ But there is cause for concern. The Internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a ＂God’s eye view＂ of activities in their own markets and beyond.‎ This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up ‎ firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.‎ The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms’ data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.‎ The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent.‎ Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governments don’t want a data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon. ‎ ‎1.Why is there a call to break up giants?‎ A. They have controlled the data market. B. They collect enormous private data.‎ C. They no longer provide free services. D. They dismissed some new-born giants.‎ ‎2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?‎ A. Data giants’ technology is very expensive.‎ B. Google’s idea is popular among data firms.‎ C. Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position.‎ D. Data can be turned into new services or products. ‎ ‎3. By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could ____________.‎ A. kill a new threat B. avoid the size trap C. favour bigger firms D. charge higher prices ‎4. What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data?‎ A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure.‎ B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure.‎ C. Consumers could better protect their privacy.‎ D. Small companies could get more opportunities.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要讲的是信息时代的信息数据的垄断现象。一些科技巨头Google, Amazon, Facebook, Microsoft等对数据的垄断引来了有关部门的反垄断调查。‎ ‎2.C【解析】根据第三段中的＂Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a ＂God’s eye view＂ of activities in their own markets and beyond.＂可知，互联网公司对数据的掌控使得它们拥有了很大的权力，说明数据会加强大公司的统治地位。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】根据倒数第二段Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make from it. Governments... with users’ consent.＂可知，由于大公司垄断数据信息，不利于小公司更好地服务消费者，也不利于政府开展工作。弱化这种垄断将会给小公司带去更多的发展机会。‎ IV. 完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎ Years ago when I volunteered at a homeless shelter, I talked with a boy， Albert. He said he liked my 　　1　　. ＂Do you want to see mine?＂ he said， 　　2　　 his leg. He was barefoot. He said he’d been meaning to pick up a pair but hadn’t gotten one. I felt a 　　3　 feeling in my stomach.‎ ‎ A few days later I was at home helping to 　　4　　 my daughter. I smiled when I 　　5　　 the socks over her feet. At that moment， Albert flashed in my　　6　　.‎ ‎ At noon， I went to a department store and 　　7　　 a shopping cart with socks — nothing 　　8　　， just white cotton men’s socks.‎ ‎ The next morning， I drove to the Palisades Park， which is a common overnight—destination for 　　9　　individuals， I grabbed one of the 　　10　　 from my trunk and walked across the grass. It was dark out. It was a beautiful feeling to 　　11　　 before the sun and most living things.‎ ‎ I headed for a group of three men. Two were asleep and the third was digging through his shopping cart. It was loaded with plastic bottles and some clothes， and a few books — most 　　12　　， everything he owned in this world. As I walked toward him， he turned and 　　13　　 me， perhaps questioning my intention.‎ ‎ ＂I thought you might 　　14　　 some new socks， ＂ I told him， handing him a pair. He looked 　　15　　 at first but took them， smiled and said， ＂Thank you.＂ I gave two more　　16　　 for his partners.‎ ‎ I 　　17　　. After 20 minutes， I returned for the second bag. An hour later， I 　　18　　 all the socks. Most people were sleeping， and I felt like a(n) 　　19　　 Santa Claus. I knew when they woke up they would find a very meaningful 　　20　　. That gave me an amazing feeling.‎ ‎1.A. books B. bags C. socks D. trousers ‎2.A. lifting B. hiding C. folding D. bending ‎3.A. genuine B. strong C. curious D. sinking ‎4.A. feed B. dress C. teach D. comfort ‎5.A. threw B. touched C. wrapped D. slid ‎6.A. position B. view C. mind D. room ‎7.A. filled B. equipped C. decorated D. exchanged ‎8.A. ugly B. cheap C. difficult D. fancy ‎9.A. wealthy B. homeless C. lazy D. proud ‎10.A. parcels B. containers C. bags D. boxes ‎11.A. get up B. leave behind C. get back D. turn down ‎12.A. unbelievably B. strangely C. importantly D. likely ‎13.A. attacked B. watched C. found D. asked ‎14.A. choose B. purchase C. need D. donate ‎15.A. confused B. ashamed C. shocked D. happy ‎16.A. socks B. packages C. dollars D. pairs ‎17.A. talked B. moved C. played D. held ‎18.A. sold out B. put away C. gave out D. turned away ‎19.A. real B. honest C. grateful D. reliable ‎20.A. book B. change C. life D. present ‎【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了几年前作者在帕利塞兹帕克公园—无家可归的人的避难处当志愿者时，在他和一个名叫Albert ‎ 的男孩的谈话中，他了解到这个男孩很渴望得到一双袜子，因为他光着脚，一直以来都想拾到一双，可是连一只都没拾到。作者听后心里沉甸甸的，于是他就到百货大楼买了一购物车的白色纯棉男袜，开着卡车连夜送到了他们的避难处，并像圣诞老人那样把这些袜子分发给了那些无家可归的人。‎ ‎3.D 根据上文的表述＂他说他一直打算拾到一双袜子，但是他一只也没拾到。＂可知本句的意思该是＂我 感觉到我的胃里有一种正在下沉的（sinking）感觉（即心里沉甸甸的）。＂所以D项符合语境之意。 故选D。‎ ‎4.B 根据下句可知本句的意思该是＂几天后我正在家给我女儿穿衣服（dress sb给某人穿衣服）＂。所 以B项符合语境之意。故选B。‎ ‎5.D 根据上句可知本句的意思该是＂当我给她往脚上穿袜子时（slide使悄悄转动，滑动），我笑了。＂ 所以 D项符合语境之意。故选D。‎ ‎6.C 根据上两句的意思可知本句个意思该是＂Albert在我的脑海（mind头脑）里闪过。＂ 所以C项符 合语境之意。故选C。‎ ‎7.A 根据上文可知本句的意思该是＂在中午，我去了一家百货店并且买了满满的一购物车的袜子 （fill …with…用……装满……）。所以A项符合语境之意。故选A。‎ ‎8.D 根据上句和本空后面半句的意思可知本句的意思该是＂……没什么奇思妙想（fancy奇特的，昂贵 的），只想白色的纯棉男袜。＂ 所以 D项符合语境之意。故选D。‎ ‎9.B 根据文章开头第一句＂when I volunteered at a homeless shelter, I talked with a boy, Albert.＂中的暗示 词＂homeless＂可知本句的意思该是＂……我开车到了帕利塞兹 帕克公园，这是一个常见的夜晚 逗留的地方—无家可归的（homeless）人的目的地。＂ 所以B项符合语境之意。故选B。‎ ‎10.C 根据句最后一段第一句＂After 20 minutes, I returned for the second bag＂中的暗示词＂bag＂可知此 句的意思该是＂我匆匆地从我的卡车上抓下来一个袋子（bag）， 然后走过了草地。＂ 所以C项符 合语境之意。故选C。‎ ‎15.A 根据本句的意思＂他起初看上去很困惑（confused困惑的、糊涂的），但是还是收下袜子，并且笑 了，还说‘谢谢你’＂可知A项符合语境之意。故选A。‎ ‎16.D 根据本句的意思＂为了他的伙伴我又给了两双（pairs）＂可知D项符合语境之意。故选D。‎ ‎17.B 根据下文可知本句的意思该是＂我移动（move）着。20分钟后，我又返回去拿第 二个袋子。＂ 所以B项符合语境之意。故选B。‎ ‎18.C 根据上文和本句的意思＂一个小时后，我分发（give out）了所有的袜子。＂可知C项符合语境之 意。故选C。‎ ‎19.A 根据本句的意思＂大多数人都在睡觉，并且我觉得像一个真正的（real）圣诞老人。＂ 可知A项 符合语境之意。故选A。‎ ‎20.D 根据本句的意思＂我知道当他们醒来时，他们将发现一个很有意义的礼物（present）。 那将给我 一个惊人的感觉。＂可知D项符合语境之意。故选D。‎ V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Once a farmer lost his watch in his barn, in which lots of grain was kept. The watch, 　1　was a gift from his father, was very important to him and he was determined to find it.‎ After searching the barn for a long time, however, he gave up and asked for help from a group of children who were playing nearby. He promised to give a great reward to 　2　found the watch.‎ ‎　3　(hear) this, the children hurried inside the barn immediately. 　4　searched everywhere but still could not find the watch buried in the grain. The farmer was about to give up 　5　a little boy went up to him and asked to be given 　6　second chance.‎ The farmer looked at him and thought, ＂Why not? After all, this kid looks honest.＂‎ So the farmer sent the little boy back into the barn. After a while the little boy came out 　7　the watch in his hand! The farmer, 　8　(surprise) but happy, asked the boy how he succeeded where the rest had failed.‎ The boy replied, ＂I did nothing but 　9　(sit) quietly and listen for the sound of the watch.＂‎ This shows us that sometimes a peaceful mind can think 　10　(well) than an excited one.‎ ‎【文章大意】这篇短文主要记述了一位农民在谷仓里面，丢失了自己的手表。无奈之下，请求一群孩子们帮忙。最后被一位小男孩凭借着手表发出的声音，找到了这块手表。从而告诉我们一个道理，有时候平和的心态，冷静思考更有助于我们解决问题。‎ ‎3.Hearing ‎ ‎【解析】此处是非谓语动词作状语，the children 和hear是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填Hearing。‎ ‎【解析】4.They ‎ 指代上文的the children 作这句话的主语用They。 ‎ ‎5.when ‎ ‎【解析】句意：这个农民刚要放弃，这时一个小男孩朝他走过来。 be about to do sth when意为＂刚要做某事这时……＂。故填when。‎ ‎10.better ‎ ‎【解析】和than搭配用比较级。故填better。‎ VI.短文改错 (每小题1分，共10分)‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎ Li Hua is an English learner who want to improve his reading skills, and he rarely practices. Yesterday he came and asked us for advices. ＂Any good athlete,＂ I said, ＂who will tell you he practices hardly to get in shape and achieve high honors. Seldom we hear of any athlete becoming a champion without any effort. We consider training to be a part of the game. Once he is in shape, it is easier of an athlete to succeed. Reading skills develop the same way. Any person who reads a lot are bound to improve his reading comprehension.＂ Feeling ashamed, Li Hua made upon his mind to practice more in future.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎ Li Hua is an English learner who wantwants to improve his reading skills, andbut he rarely practices. Yesterday he came and asked usme for advicesadvice. ＂Any good athlete,＂ I said, ＂will tell you he practices hardlyhard to get in shape and achieve high honors. Seldom ‎∧ ‎‎ do  ‎ we hear of any athlete becoming a champion without any effort. We consider training to be a part of the game. Once he is in shape, it is easier offor an athlete to succeed. Reading skills develop the same way. Any person who reads a lot areis bound to improve his reading comprehension.＂ Feeling ashamed, Li Hua made uponup his mind to practice more in future.‎ 第六处：将hardly改为hard，hardly意为＂几乎不＂，hard意为＂努力地＂，此处表示＂努力训练＂。‎ 第七处：在Seldom后面加do，seldom是表达否定含义的词，放于句首时，后面的句子应用部分倒装，又因此句用一般现在时，所以应在we前面加do。‎ 第八处：将of改为for，因为easier不是表达人的品质的形容词。‎ 第九处：将are改为is，因为句子的主语Any person表示单数。‎ 第十处：将upon改为up，make up one’s mind是固定短语，意为＂下定决心＂。‎ ‎ ‎