2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit15Learning单元学案(10页word解析版)

2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit15Learning单元学案(10页word解析版)

‎2019届一轮复习北师大版必修五Unit 15Learning单元学案 ‎ ‎[语言基础扎根练]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any alternative (供选择的) suggestions?‎ ‎2．Then it gets reflected (反射) back to up to our eyes and we see blue ice. ‎ ‎3．The man, suspected (怀疑) of having stolen the jewels of the shop, was missing last night, although he was watched over by the police.‎ ‎4．The local school has just acquired (获得) new equipment, which makes teachers and students delighted.‎ ‎5．To climb to the top of the mountain is extremely hard but it is worthwhile (值得的) by the fantastic view.‎ ‎6．It is generally assumed (假定，认为) that stress is caused by too much work.‎ ‎7．To her disappointment, her daughter turned a deaf ear to the instruction (教导) given by her teacher.‎ ‎8．My grandfather often goes to the countryside, because he thinks a stay there will be beneficial (benefit) to his health.‎ ‎9．I would have remained in ignorance (ignore) if Shaun hadn't mentioned it.‎ ‎10．They are busy building defence (defend) works to protect their country.‎ ‎11．I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)．‎ ‎12．The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight (slightly) chance of rain later tonight.‎ ‎13．The student who cheats in examination will be given a severe punishment (punish)．‎ ‎14．You can correct (correction) any mistakes you find in them.‎ ‎15．I think grey hair makes you look very distinguished (distinguish)．‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She found it necessary to accustom her child to get up early.get→getting ‎2．I will take the medicine according to the instruction.instruction→instructions ‎3．He's too young to distinguish right with wrong, and needs your guidance.with→from ‎4．I have no alternative but spare no efforts to achieve my dream.but后加to ‎ ‎5．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they would come to our help.would后加have ‎6．It was the first time a runner has won the event at three Olympic Games in a row.has→had ‎ ‎7．The boss instructed that all the employees typed the letters quickly.typed→type ‎8．President Xi urged that every effort was made to rescue and treat the injured when the earthquake happened.was→be Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．如果他以前花更多的时间练习说英语，他现在就能说得更好些。‎ If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he would_be_able_to_speak_‎ it_much_better now.‎ ‎2．大家都希望我们有一个更加和谐的社会。‎ Everyone wishes we would_have_a_more_harmonious_society.‎ ‎3．那是她第一次回答不出老师的提问。‎ It was the first time she_had_failed_to answer a teacher's question.‎ ‎4．我正要做一项重要工作这时女儿过来打断了我。‎ I_was_about_to_do an important piece of work when my daughter came to interrupt me.‎ ‎5．通过屏幕我们可以获得我们所需要的各种信息。‎ We can have_access_to_various_information we need through the screen.‎ ‎6．在国外学习期间，这个年轻人开始喜欢上西方艺术。‎ While studying abroad, the young man acquired_a_taste_for_Western_art.‎ ‎7．在习近平主席的指导下，政府致力于同腐败作斗争。‎ Under_President_Xi_Jinping's_instruction,_the government is devoted to struggling with corruption.‎ ‎[阅读理解提速练]‎ A If you're traveling with kids in London, many London hotels have special services and features to help the family holiday, offering services for kids as well as games, movies and free ice cream!‎ Athenaeum The fivestar Athenaeum is a fantastic family hotel, particularly with the addition of its kids' services.Even before you arrive, they'll be in touch to make sure your kids have their favorite DVDs, treats and anything else to keep them happy.And they can arrange your perfect family activities, from bike hire to theater tickets.‎ Chessington Safari Hotel At Chessington Safari Hotel, kids will love staying in an African adventurethemed room, having breakfast while overlooking the animals of the Wanyama Reserve, watching familyfriendly movies and getting into the theme park before it opens.‎ Marlin Apartments Marlin Apartments operate more than 700 serviced apartments in London.Apartments are all within five minutes' walk of the Tube (good for tired little legs) with flat screen TVs, fully equipped kitchen and free WiFi.One or twobedroom family apartments have extra room for ‎ folding beds in the living area too.‎ Novotel Novotel's family rooms are designed to accommodate two adults and two children.Accommodation and breakfast are free for under16s (up to two staying in their parents' room)．You can also enjoy a late checkout at 5 p．m. on Sundays, and while you lie in, the kids can entertain themselves with the Cartoon Network while enjoying free ice cream.‎ The Ritz Kids at the Ritz are treated just as well as their parents, if not better！Children can enjoy computer games and DVDs, free ice cream and their own bathrobes and slippers.Under16s can stay for free in their parents' bedroom.‎ ‎1．If you and your kids want to enjoy yourselves by bike, you will choose ________.‎ A．Athenaeum　　　　　 B．Chessington Safari Hotel C．Novotel D．Marlin Apartments 解析：选A　细节理解题。由Athenaeum部分的最后一句“And they can arrange your perfect family activities, from bike hire to theater tickets.”可知，该旅馆可提供租自行车服务。故选A项。‎ ‎2．Which of the hotels can help you make your own dinner?‎ A．Chessington Safari Hotel.‎ B．Marlin Apartments.‎ C．Novotel.‎ D．The Ritz.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由Marlin Apartments部分的第二句中的“fully equipped kitchen”可知，Marlin Apartments旅馆提供了装备齐全的厨房供旅客使用。故选B项。‎ ‎3．What do Novotel and the Ritz have in common?‎ A．You can enjoy the best service in London.‎ B．Kids can play computer games.‎ C．Breakfast is free for kids.‎ D．Free ice cream is provided.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由Novotel部分的最后一句“... while enjoying free ice cream.”和The Ritz部分的第二句“Children can enjoy computer games and DVDs, free ice cream and their own bathrobes ...”可知，free ice cream是两个旅馆的共同点。故选D项。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．You must contact Athenaeum before arrival.‎ B．Kids can watch any movies they like at Chessington Safari Hotel.‎ C．You can surf the Internet free of charge in Marlin Apartments.‎ D．The Ritz has extra room for folding beds in the living area.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由Marlin Apartments部分中的“free WiFi”可知，Marlin Apartments旅馆提供免费的无线上网，故选C项。‎ B ‎(2018·湖南省重点名校联考)There were many famous poets from different periods of time in Chinese history, and thousands of their poems are still read and appreciated today.‎ To arouse people's interest in those classic Chinese poems and promote cultural heritage, China Central Television (CCTV) produced a TV show — Chinese Poetry Conference.The finale (终场) of the hit show's second season was shown on Feb.7.‎ Wu Yishu, 16, who studies at the High School Affiliated to Fudan University in Shanghai, came out on top.In an earlier episode (一集), Wu wowed the audience when performing in a section entitled “Feihualing”．The game's theme was “yue”，meaning “moon” or “month” in Chinese.She recited the lines from the Classic of Poetry, the earliest collection of poems in China：“In July, the crickets (蟋蟀) are in the field.In August, they are in the yard.In September they are at the door.In October, they enter and crawl under our beds.”‎ ‎“I really admire her knowledge of poems，” said Huang Zijin, 16, a Senior 2 student from Ningbo High School in Zhejiang Province.“The first time I saw her wearing traditional Han clothing on TV, I was very impressed by her classical looks.She fulfills all my fantasies about classic Chinese women's talents.What's more, she always appears so calm throughout the show, which is very unusual for her age.”‎ As the old saying goes, “One who is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance.”‎ ‎“Learning poems isn't about winning or losing.The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner world，” said Li Bo, an expert guest at the Chinese Poetry Conference's second season.‎ When it comes to teaching people about poetry, Li Dingguang, the show's academic advisor, suggested that teachers should explain more about the beauty of the poetry from both the aesthetic (美学的) and emotional sides, and guide the students to lose themselves in the poems' rhythmic (有节奏的) and rhyming lines.‎ ‎“Although the amount of ancient Chinese poetry in the textbooks of primary and secondary schools has increased, many students still learn them for exams，” Li Dingguang told China.org.cn.“Therefore, it's important to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。中国诗词源远流长，至今仍为世人传诵。为发扬中国文化，提高人们对中国古诗的兴趣，中央电视台制作并播出了《中国诗词大会》节目，中学生武亦姝以其特有的魅力征服了观众。‎ ‎5．What's one of the purposes of the TV show Chinese Poetry Conference?‎ A．To entertain people by enjoying Chinese poems.‎ B．To see who can recite the most classic Chinese poems.‎ C．To fulfill people's fantasies about Chinese women's talents.‎ D．To make more people interested in classic Chinese poetry.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“To arouse people's interest in those classic Chinese poems and promote cultural heritage”可知，中央电视台制作并播出《中国诗词大会》的目的是提高人们对中国古诗的兴趣、发扬中国文化，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．From Paragraphs 3 and 4, what can we infer about Wu Yishu?‎ A．She is a talented and elegant Chinese teenager.‎ B．She has learned a large amount of poetry from textbooks.‎ C．She is always calm in the show like other competitors of her age.‎ D．She amazed the audience with the lines from the Classic of Poetry in the finale.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。通读第三段可知，该段介绍了武亦姝以背诵含“月”字的诗词征服了观众；第四段介绍了人们对武亦姝气质和形象的评价：她穿着汉服、文静内秀，给人们留下了深刻的印象。据此可以推断，武亦姝是一个有天赋的、优雅的人，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．According to Li Bo, why do people learn poetry?‎ A．To get good marks in examinations.‎ B．To help build up their inner world.‎ C．To win the Chinese Poetry Conference.‎ D．To appreciate the beauty of rhythm and rhyme.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第六段的“The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner world”可知，郦波认为学习诗歌的目的在于塑造人的人生观和发展人的内心世界，故B项正确。‎ ‎8．What is Li Dingguang's attitude to poetry teaching?‎ A．Doubtful.　　　　　　　 B．Supportive.‎ C．Critical. D．Casual.‎ 解析：选C　观点态度题。根据最后一段的“Although the amount of ancient Chinese poetry in the textbooks of primary and secondary schools has increased, many students still learn them for exams”可知，李定广对学校诗歌教学的评价是：尽管教材中诗歌的数量增多了，但是许多学生学习诗歌仅是为了考试。据此可以判断，他对诗歌教学持批评态度，故C项正确。‎ C ‎(2018·湖北省鄂西北联考)It happens to most firsttime fish keepers. They run to a fish store, pick out the bestlooking fish, and get all the things they need for their tanks. Then they fill up ‎ their tanks and put their fish in the water. Over the course of the next week, their fish aren't looking so good. Then all of a sudden, all of their fish start to die off.‎ Luckily, there is an explanation. Ammonia (氨) and nitrite (亚硝酸盐) are toxic to fish. You see, keeping fish in a tank produces ammonia. If a fish is placed in a new tank, the tank won't be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical. And that's why they die.‎ To avoid the whole failure, you have to understand a little something called the Nitrogen Cycle (氮循环). After ammonia is produced in a tank, a kind of bacterium that is naturally found in water (a bacterium that consumes ammonia and produces nitrite) reproduces itself to form a large enough area to change all ammonia into nitrite. As the concentration (浓度) of nitrite increases, the same thing happens to nitrite, which happened to ammonia. A group of bacteria that change nitrite into nitrate (硝酸盐) form in large numbers. The cycle takes about one week to several months, depending on your technique. When a tank reaches a point where it can change all ammonia and nitrite being produced in a tank to nitrate before they reach harmful concentrations, it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle — it is safe for fish.‎ So before you ever place a fish into a tank from now on, use some skills to make it do that first. To do so, slightly increase ammonia concentration of your tank. If after 24 hours, your tank has no mark of ammonia or nitrite, you can ensure that it's cycled. You just need to perform a partial water change and your tank is ready for fish.‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文。新手养鱼经常遇到这样的问题：他们刚养不久的鱼相继死去。这是因为新鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒死亡。‎ ‎9．What can we learn from Para. 1?‎ A．It's really hard for people to keep fish well.‎ B．The author feels very sorry for those dead fish.‎ C．New fish keepers begin to raise fish in a hurry.‎ D．People have no idea how to use their tanks well.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。第一段描述了养鱼新手经常会遇到的问题：他们刚养的鱼很快就死了；由第二段的最后两句可知这是因为新买的鱼缸没有经过氮循环，从而导致鱼中毒而死；由此可推知，作者在第一段中想说明新手养鱼太仓促了。‎ ‎10．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “toxic” in Para. 2?‎ A．Open.　　　　　　　 B．Harmful.‎ C．Familiar. D．Beneficial.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。由第二段的“the tank won't be equipped with the ability to change that ammonia into a less harmful chemical”可推知，ammonia和nitrite这两种化学物质对鱼类有害。‎ ‎11．What do we know about the Nitrogen Cycle?‎ A．It makes sure of fish's safety.‎ B．It provides all the nutrition fish need.‎ C．It increases the concentration of ammonia.‎ D．It produces more chemicals to clean the tank.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第三段的内容尤其是最后一句“it has finished the Nitrogen Cycle — it is safe for fish”可知，新买的鱼缸经过氮循环之后，人们就可以用它来养鱼了；故选A。‎ ‎12．Which question can't be answered in the text?‎ A．What's the right way to raise fish in a new tank?‎ B．What happens during the Nitrogen Cycle?‎ C．Why are fish in a new tank likely to die?‎ D．Why is nitrate less harmful to fish?‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了养鱼新手常遇到的问题，第二段解释了造成这种问题的原因，第三段具体介绍了氮循环的过程，最后一段介绍了用新鱼缸养鱼的正确方法；故选D。‎ D ‎(2018·安徽省无为中学模拟)When it comes to human behaviour, the brain is shown to have two different approaches to thinking. A common thought process is the automatic and fast approach which helps us to react quickly in dangerous situations. This is known as system 1 and dates back to the times of our prehistoric ancestors, who lived with a natural awareness of the dangers around them — bad weather and threatening animals. Nowadays, we still have the ability to react so rapidly and naturally to situations that it can feel like you're not thinking at all. Have you ever found yourself giving in to temptation and unable to say “no” to buying that new jacket in the window? This is because system 1 is in control — a human characteristic which the world of advertising likes to make the most of!‎ System 2 is the opposite. It's a slow thought process that requires us to pay attention and concentrate, for example, when doing a complex mathematical sum. This way of thinking helps us to make sensible longterm decisions. The problem is that system 2 often starts to feel boring and so system 1takes over. How often have you put down your homework or put off doing important jobs to go on Facebook or watch a TV soap?‎ We like to think that we go through life mainly using system 2. As individuals, we are in control, always taking sensible and logical decisions. System 1 type thoughts are reserved for special occasions when we can afford to relax a little — on holiday perhaps. However, the former plays more of a secondary role in our lives, with the latter taking the main stage.‎ Sometimes it's system 1 that makes the right decision but system 2 that gets it wrong. For example, professional sports teams put a lot of effort into a game plan but often it's the ‎ unconscious human wish to do something differently that leads to a spectacular goal. This can also lead to the common mistaken idea that your successful decisions demonstrate your skill and talent, when in fact they were just luck.‎ ‎13．According to the text, modern advertising succeeds by ________.‎ A．exciting our natural desires B．taking advantage of our fears C．causing us to react in a safe way D．studying the prehistoric human mind 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段中的“giving in to temptation”及“a human characteristic”等可推知，商家正是利用激发人类天生的欲望来打广告的。‎ ‎14．What is system 2 good for?‎ A．Coming up with creative ideas.‎ B．Concentrating for long periods.‎ C．Performing difficult mental tasks.‎ D．Doing several tasks at the same time.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“doing a complex mathematical sum”可推知，system 2思维模式有利于人类做复杂的脑力工作。‎ ‎15．What does “This” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A．An unexpected sports win.‎ B．A sudden change of action.‎ C．An unconscious mistake.‎ D．A mature plan.‎ 解析：选A　代词指代题。This指代的是前文提到的精彩的进球，也就是临时的人为决定带来的意外胜利。‎ ‎16．What's the text mainly about?‎ A．How to make sensible decisions.‎ B．What controls our mind.‎ C．Two systems of thought.‎ D．Human characteristics.‎ 解析：选C　主旨大意题。全文用对比的手法介绍了人类的两种思维模式各自的作用、优劣及相互关系，故选C项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Deal with Losing in Sports Winning and losing go handinhand when it comes to sports.Great athletes never let the ‎ highs get too high, or the lows get too low.The outcome of a match is uncertain.The only thing that is certain is the competition itself.__17__ The outcome is just the result of all the hard work put in.‎ Congratulate your opponent after a loss.Respect your opponent because they put in as much work, or more than you.This shows respect for the opponent and respect for the contest.‎ Accept the fact that the loss is not one's fault.This is harder to do in an individual sport, but absolutely important in a team sport.__18__ Don't get down on yourself.If competing in an individual sport, accept that losing is a part of competing and move on.‎ Examine why you lost the competition.Ask yourself if you did everything possible to prepare for the competition.Ask yourself if you gave it your all during the competition.__19__ This is crucial if competing in an individual sport.If competing in a team sport, recognize that everyone isn't perfect and examine the loss from the team perspective.‎ ‎__20__ Practice more, or practice better.Correct whatever mistakes you made during the match.Get bigger, stronger, faster, smarter and do whatever it takes.‎ Seek out the support and encouragement of teammates and coaches.Don't allow yourself to think negatively.Avoid negative people.__21__‎ Never accuse an opponent of cheating, even if it was true.Again, this will make you seem as if you are looking for excuses.‎ A．Don't put the blame on anyone.‎ B．Work harder to get better.‎ C．Train hard to achieve your aim.‎ D．Winning is No.1 for great athletes.‎ E．Great athletes love the competition.‎ F．Stay positive and trust in your value.‎ G．Analyze any mistakes you might have made.‎ 语篇解读：赛场上难免会有失败，勇敢面对失败，分析失败原因，保持良好的心态才是对待比赛的正确方式。‎ ‎17．解析：选E　第一段主要讲在体育上，胜败乃兵家常事，优秀的运动员都是以“不以物喜，不以己悲”的态度去面对体育赛场的成败。结合空前一句“The only thing that is certain is the competition itself.”可知，比赛本身比结果更重要。故E项(伟大的运动员热爱比赛)符合语境。‎ ‎18．解析：选A　根据第三段的主题句“Accept the fact that the loss is not one's fault.”和最后一句“ ...losing is a part of competing and move on.”可知，失败不是任何人的过失，因此，不要去责备任何人。A项中的blame与本段关键信息“is not one's fault”相呼应。故选A项。‎ ‎19．解析：选G　根据第四段主题句“Examine why you lost the competition.”可知，本段主要内容为多分析失败的原因。故G项(分析你可能犯过的任何错误)符合语境。‎ ‎20．解析：选B　设空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的“Practice more. or practice better.”可知，要多练习，由此可知，本段主题为“努力做得更好”。故选B项。‎ ‎21．解析：选F　根据本段的关键信息“encouragement”和“Avoid negative ...”可知，本段是建议要保持积极的态度。F项中的Stay positive与Avoid negative相对应。故选F项。‎