湖北省仙桃一中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

湖北省仙桃一中2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 仙桃一中2020年高二年级下学期期中考试 英语试题 ‎（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What made the man most excited at the party?‎ A. The tasty food.‎ B. The wonderful music.‎ C. The chance to meet his friends.‎ ‎2. How will the woman probably go to Frazier’s Department Store?‎ A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. A theater. B. A movie. C. A musician.‎ ‎4. How does the woman feel about the man?‎ A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.‎ ‎5. Where are the speakers?‎ A. On a plane. B. On a bus. C. In a car.‎ 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. Why doesn’t the man buy the light blue jeans?‎ A. They are too large.‎ B. They are expensive.‎ C. They don’t match his T-shirt.‎ ‎7. How much will the man pay?‎ - 27 -‎ A.＄39. B. ＄59. C. ＄ 69.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8 What has the man been doing these days?‎ A. Writing a biology paper.‎ B. Preparing for the final exams.‎ C. Reading some magazines.‎ ‎9. Where does the woman say the biology books are kept?‎ A. In the old library.‎ B. In the new library.‎ C. In the biology department building.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What do we know about Shawn?‎ A. She has a private coach.‎ B. She is the hardest-working athlete.‎ C. She won a gold medal at the Olympics.‎ ‎11. How long does Shawn train a week?‎ A. About 6 hours. B. About 25 hours. C. About 45 hours.‎ ‎12. What does Shawn like to do in her free time?‎ A. Ride horses. B. Go to the gym. C. Cook some foods.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What does the band need someone to play?‎ A. The keyboard. B. The guitar. C. The drum.‎ ‎14. When is the band going to practise this week?‎ A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.‎ ‎15. Where does the band practice now?‎ A. At school. B. In a garage. C. At Laura’s apartment.‎ ‎16. What will the band do in October?‎ A. Give a concert. B. Enjoy a holiday. C. Write new songs.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎17. What were Charlie’s friends expected to do?‎ A. Keep the party secret from Charlie.‎ B. Invite some other friends to the party.‎ C. Make an immediate reply to the invitation.‎ ‎18. Where were the party held?‎ A. At a musical hall. B. At a disco. C. At a restaurant.‎ ‎19. What idea did the speaker like best?‎ A. Playing seventies music.‎ B. Taking photos of all guests.‎ C. Placing cameras on each table.‎ ‎20 Where did the speakers get to know Charlie?‎ A. At a concert. B. In a basketball match. C. At a party.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), people all over the world are wearing masks to reduce the risk of infection. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history.‎ ‎1st century In that century, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although simple, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.‎ ‎19th century The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar - 27 -‎ ‎ to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann designed a simple mask composed of one layer of gauze (纱布).‎ ‎20th century In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was simple to manufacture and had a low production cost.‎ Modern exploration With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu, and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. In the future, masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.‎ ‎1. According to the text, why were masks invented in the first century?‎ A. To reduce the risk of infection.‎ B. To protect miners from dust.‎ C. To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.‎ D. To protect doctors from harmful chemicals.‎ ‎2. What was considered a milestone in face mask history?‎ A. Getting a patent on protective masks for miners.‎ B. Using cloth instead of animal skins.‎ C. The invention of gas masks in 1897.‎ D. Using more than one layer of gauze.‎ ‎3. “Wu’s mask” grew popular around the world because _____.‎ A. it could be used multiple times B. it was cheap and easy to manufacture C. it was simple for people to wear D. it could better protect people from smog ‎4. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. A comparison of different masks.‎ - 27 -‎ B. The benefits of using masks.‎ C. The evolution of masks.‎ D. The roles masks played at different times.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍讲述了口罩的发展史。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据1st century的“In that century, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder (23-79 AD), recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although simple, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention. (在那个世纪，罗马帝国的许多人在地下矿井工作以养家糊口。但他们中的大多数人都患有呼吸系统疾病，甚至最终死于呼吸系统疾病。为了解决这个问题，老普林尼(公元23-79年)建议使用动物膀胱皮来阻止灰尘被吸入。虽然简单，他的想法被认为是第一个有记录的面具发明。)”由此可知，为了保护矿工不受灰尘污染，面具在一世纪发明。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据19th century中“The design of the mask took a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. (面具的设计在19世纪向前迈进了一大步。1848年，美国人刘易斯·哈斯利(Lewis Hassley)成为第一个为矿工申请保护面罩专利的人，这是面罩历史上的一个里程碑。)”由此可知，矿工防护口罩获得专利被认为是口罩历史上的一个里程碑。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据20th century中的“In 1910, an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. (1910年，一场流行病在中国东北爆发。中国医生吴连德设计了一款廉价的面膜，叫做“吴氏面膜”。)和 This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was simple to manufacture and had a low production cost.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ (这种口罩因其制作简单、生产成本低而受到世界各地专家的好评。)”由此可知，“吴的面具”在世界各地流行起来，因为它既便宜又容易制造。故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let’s take a look at some mask-related history. (事实上，几个世纪以来，面具一直在帮助人类。让我们来看看一些与口罩相关的历史。)”由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是口罩的进化。故选C。‎ B Our house was across the street from a big hospital, so we rented our spare upstairs room to outpatients (门诊病人). One evening, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly sick-looking man.‎ His face looked terrible – it was swollen and red. Yet his voice was pleasant. He told me that he came for treatment and that he’d been hunting for a spare room since noon, but no one would give him one. “I guess it’s my face”‎ For a moment, I hesitated, but his next words convinced me: “I’ll sleep in this rocking chair on the porch (门廊). My bus leaves early in the morning.”‎ The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughter’s five children and her disabled husband.‎ He didn’t complain while telling me his story. He was grateful that no pain accompanied his disease, which was seemingly a form of skin cancer .‎ The next morning, he said, “Can I come back and stay the next time I need treatment?” I told him he was welcome to come again.‎ On his next trip, as a gift, he brought a big fish and some large oysters (牡蛎). In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like these.‎ My neighbor warned me that I could lose potential renters by putting up the old man after he left the first morning.‎ Maybe we did lose renters once or twice. But if they had known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family will always be grateful - 27 -‎ ‎ to have known him; From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.‎ ‎5. The author hesitated to answer at first, which suggests that _____.‎ A. there was no space for the man to stay B. there were difficult neighbors to consider C. he wondered how the man found him D. he was frightened by what the man looked like ‎6. Which of the following shows that the old man had a big heart?‎ A. He supported a large family.‎ B. He could sleep on the porch.‎ C. He felt skin cancer wasn’t painful.‎ D. He complained about how others treated him.‎ ‎7. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. The author truly appreciated the old man.‎ B. The author looked down on his neighbor.‎ C. The author was grateful for the neighbor’s warning.‎ D. The author was disappointed to lose potential renters.‎ ‎8. Which option best describes the main message of this article?‎ A. A kind word is like a spring day.‎ B. Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ C. Complaining never makes anything better.‎ D. Don’t judge a person by his appearance.‎ ‎【答案】5. D 6. A 7. A 8. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者为一个脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿的病人治病的故事，告诉我们“不要以貌取人”。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“His face looked terrible – it was swollen and - 27 -‎ ‎ red.(他的脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿。)”由此可知，作者起初不愿回答，这表明他被这个人的长相吓到了。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段“The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughter’s five children and her disabled husband. (老人小小的身体里有一颗巨大的心脏。他告诉我，为了养活女儿、女儿的五个孩子和她残疾的丈夫，他以捕鱼为生。)”由此可知，这位老人供养着一个大家庭表明这位老人有一颗宽大的心。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In the years that he stayed with us, there was never a time that he did not bring us gifts like these. (在他和我们住在一起的那些年里，他从来没有一次不给我们带来这样的礼物。)”和最后一段中“I know our family will always be grateful to have known him; From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude. (我知道我们的家人会永远感激认识他：从他身上，我们懂得了什么是毫无怨言地接受坏的，什么是心存感激地接受好的。)”由此可知，作者非常感激这位老人。故选A。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“His face looked terrible – it was swollen and red. (他的脸看上去很可怕——又红又肿。)”和最后一段中“From him, we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude. (从他身上，我们懂得了什么是毫无怨言地接受坏的，什么是心存感激地接受好的。)”从文中我们可知，“不要以貌取人”。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。本题第2小题，根据第四段“The old man had a huge heart inside his tiny body. He told me that he fished for a living to support his daughter, his daughter’s five children and her disabled husband.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ (老人小小的身体里有一颗巨大的心脏。他告诉我，为了养活女儿、女儿的五个孩子和她残疾的丈夫，他以捕鱼为生。)”由此可知，这位老人供养着一个大家庭表明这位老人有一颗宽大的心。故选A。‎ C With the internet and smart phones, people have immediate access to news from all over the world. It sounds like a good thing, but can there ever be too much of it?‎ While access to news is important, the news itself is usually bad. This makes some sense. Not many people would buy a newspaper with headlines like,“Everything is great!” or, “The sky is more blue today than yesterday.”‎ Yet there is a problem that comes from the amount of news we’re taking in. People feel increased anxiety because they get so much negative information.‎ Why is this happening? As social animals, humans are empathetic (感同身受的) toward each other. This is great for our communities, but when we read about people suffering in a faraway place, we feel heartbroken. This wonderful thing about humans instead becomes part of the problem.‎ ‎“There’s actually, for many people, physical pain in wanting to help –-- our heart goes out to them,” US Professor Charles Figley, a mental health specialist, told National Public Radio. He calls it “bad-news burnout (倦怠).” Others call it “the hope gap”, which refers to the phenomenon that we feel surrounded by problems.‎ Before this news stresses you out, take a deep breath, because you can take control of the situation right now. The first step is to take Figley’s advice and turn off the news. “We can’t obviously run away and hide forever, but yes, we do need to take breaks,” he said.‎ Next, change the scenery. Leave the room where you get news and negative information. Better yet, go for a walk. Don’t let news into the parts of your life that are meant for socializing or relaxing. “Lighten up, just enjoy life, smile more, laugh more, and don’t get so worked up about things,” Irish actor Kenneth Charles Branagh told US-based Interview Magazine.‎ Life is short and your time is valuable. Make more time for friends, family and hobbies. You don’t need to spend it worrying about things you can’t control. Instead, direct your energy toward the things you can change.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎9. What does the word “problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A People are faced with too much information.‎ B. There is too little good news in newspapers.‎ C. Fake news is having an impact on people’s lives.‎ D. People get anxious with so much negative news.‎ ‎10. The author quotes Figley’s words in Paragraph 5 mainly to ______.‎ A. explain the benefits of human compassion B. show that it’s impossible to solve all problems C. explain how people are affected by bad news D. prove that bad news can cause illnesses ‎11. What does the author suggest people do with the stress caused by negative information?‎ A. Avoid reading any bad news.‎ B. Talk to a close friend.‎ C. Find a relaxing environment.‎ D. Find some good news to read.‎ ‎12. The underlined phrase “worked up” in the second to last paragraph probably means ______.‎ A. confused B. upset C. optimistic D. surprised ‎【答案】9. D 10. C 11. C 12. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。有了互联网和智能手机，人们可以立即获得来自世界各地的新闻。同时人们听到这么多负面新闻就会焦虑。文章介绍了一些合理的建议来处理由负面信息引起的压力。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“that comes from the amount of news we’re taking in. People feel increased anxiety because they get so much negative information.(这来自于我们接收的信息量。人们感到越来越焦虑，因为他们得到了太多的负面信息。)”由此推知划线词problem的意思是“人们听到这么多负面新闻就会焦虑。”故选D。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中“There’s actually, for many people, physical pain in wanting to help –-- our heart goes out to them, (事实上，对很多人来说，想要帮助别人会有身体上的痛苦——我们的心会同情他们，)”和“Others call it “the hope gap”, which refers to the phenomenon that we feel surrounded by problems. (另一些人称之为“希望鸿沟”，指的是我们感到被问题包围的现象。)”由此可知，作者在第5段引用了Figley的话，主要是为了解释人们如何受到坏消息的影响。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“change the scenery. Leave the room where you get news and negative information. Better yet, go for a walk. Don’t let news into the parts of your life that are meant for socializing or relaxing. (改变风景。离开你获得新闻和负面信息的房间。最好是去散散步。不要让新闻进入你生活中原本应该用来社交或放松的部分。)”由此可知，作者建议人们通过找一个放松的环境来处理由负面信息引起的压力。故选C。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Lighten up, just enjoy life, smile more, laugh more(放轻松，享受生活，多笑，多笑。)”也就是“不要烦恼。”由此推知划线词worked up的意思是“烦恼”。故选B。‎ D You know the old phrase, “Practice makes perfect.” That may not always be true. According to a recent study published in Royal Society Open Science, there are other factors for reaching elite (最优秀的) levels of ability.‎ The researchers set out to replicate (复制) the process of a now-famous 1993 study of top-level violinists and pianists. On average, the earlier study found that top-ranked musicians had clocked over 10,000 hours of practice by the age of 20. It believed their success was due to the hours spent practicing, not because of natural talent, learning skills and other factors.‎ Author Malcolm Gladwell called 10,000 hours “the magic number of greatness”.‎ Questioning this conclusion, Brooke Macnamara and Megha Maitra, from Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, US, sought volunteers to put the 10,000-hour rule to the test.‎ - 27 -‎ The pair organized violinists into three groups, based on whether their tutors rated them as the best players, good players, or average players. They were then told to record how long they practiced every week.‎ They found that the “average” players had around 6,000 hours of practice. However, there was little separating the good from the best musicians. Both groups had approximately 11,000 hours of practice by the age of 20.‎ ‎“Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference,” Macnamara told the Guardian. “Smaller factors then determine who goes on to that super-elite level.”‎ ‎“The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory, in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen,” she said. She also pointed out the factor of motivation and the interactions of different factors.‎ It should be said that neither side discounts the value of making an effort. Even if you aren’t destined (命中注定的) to be the world’s greatest violinist, practice will make you a little bit better than you were yesterday.‎ ‎13. What can we learn from the 1993 study?‎ A. The 10,000-hour rule applies to everything.‎ B. Practice is the key to mastering a skill.‎ C. Natural talent is particularly important for musicians.‎ D. It’s better to learn an instrument at a young age.‎ ‎14. What did the study by Macnamara and Maitra find?‎ A. The three groups of violinists varied a lot in their practice times.‎ B. The mastering of different skills required different hours of practice.‎ C. Motivation and talent determined whether one could become an elite violinist.‎ D. Practice time didn’t make much difference between “the best” and “good” violinists.‎ ‎15. The underlined word “discounts” probably means ______.‎ A. ignores B. proves C. recognizes D. considers - 27 -‎ ‎【答案】13. B 14. D 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。老话说，“熟能生巧”。这可能并不总是对的。根据最近发表在《英国皇家学会开放科学》(Royal Society Open Science)杂志上的一项研究，还有其他因素会影响学生达到更高的能力水平。文章对此进行了论述。但无论如何双方都没有低估努力的价值。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中“On average, the earlier study found that top-ranked musicians had clocked over 10,000 hours of practice by the age of 20. It believed their success was due to the hours spent practicing, not because of natural talent, learning skills and other factors.(早期的研究发现，顶级音乐家在20岁时平均练习时间超过1万小时。它认为，他们的成功是由于花了几个小时的练习，而不是由于自然天赋，学习技能和其他因素。)”由此可知，从1993年的研究发现“实践是掌握一项技能的关键。”故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段“They found that the “average” players had around 6,000 hours of practice. However, there was little separating the good from the best musicians. Both groups had approximately 11,000 hours of practice by the age of 20.(他们发现，“平均”玩家有大约6000小时的练习时间。然而，优秀的音乐家和最优秀的音乐家之间并没有什么区别。到20岁时，两组都有大约11000小时的练习时间。)”由此可知，练习时间对“最好的”和“好的”小提琴手没有太大区别。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Even if you aren’t destined (命中注定的) to be the world’s greatest violinist, practice will make you a little bit better than you were yesterday.(即使你不是注定要成为世界上最伟大的小提琴家，练习也会让你比昨天好一点点。)”也就是说“双方都没有低估努力的价值。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“忽视”。故选A。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. ___16___‎ - 27 -‎ According to scientists, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素) , such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.‎ ‎___17___ They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. Instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. ___18___ The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.‎ ‎___19___ Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. However, animals see colors in a different way. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. ___20___ The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color blind. Many yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.‎ A. How does temperature influence fruit colors?‎ B. These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area.‎ C. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?‎ D. However, a darker color doesn’t mean a better kind of fruit.‎ E. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.‎ F. Animals have also had an influence on the evolution of fruit colors.‎ G. Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors to find out how environment affects fruit colors.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。水果有很多不同的颜色，文章介绍了不同种类的水果为什么有这么多颜色。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“从红色的苹果和黄色的柠檬到蓝莓和绿色的瓜，水果有很多不同的颜色。”承接上文，C项Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?（为什么不同种类的水果有这么多颜色?）切题。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 根据下文提示“他们发现红色的水果往往生长在较冷的地方。”承接下文，G项 Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors to find out how environment affects fruit colors.（科学家们研究了超过280种不同的水果颜色，以找出环境是如何影响水果颜色的。）切题。故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在温暖的地方。”再根据下文提示“科学家们还发现，越靠近赤道的果实颜色越深。”承接上下文，B项These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area.（这些水果往往只在一个特定的地区大量生长。）切题。故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文提示“动物吃水果，然后把种子撒到其他地方。”承接下文，F项Animals have also had an influence on the evolution of fruit colors.（动物对水果颜色的进化也有影响。）切题。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文提示“例如，鸟类比人类更容易看到红色。”承接上文，E项So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.（因此，鸟类生活的地区往往有更多的红色水果。）切题。故选E。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 45分）‎ 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Last May I went to a lake with my family. I thought it would be a normal fun day of swimming, but I was___21___.‎ My brothers and my uncle were with me in a shallow swimming area with a net and a___22___. The rest of my family ate lunch on a nearby bench. I felt very ____23____.‎ I was sitting in the shallow water with my feet facing the deeper end, when something hit my___24___. I knew it was an alligator (短吻鳄) as soon as it bit me. Its teeth were so___25___! I started crying out loud for___26___, but my family didn’t hear me. I started to ___27___the nine-foot-long alligator and then I____28____something I learned at an alligator education park: The ___29___is the ‎ - 27 -‎ weakest part of an alligator! I stuck my fingers up its nose, and it ___30___of me.‎ I tried to get out of the water, but I couldn’t get up because my leg was___31___. My uncle held me and____32____me out of the water. It was the lifeguard’s first day of___33___, and he was shaking while he looked at my leg. We were also___34___! I was sent to____35____and got fourteen stitches (缝针) in my left leg.‎ I have a big scar (伤疤) that makes me think about how____36____I was that day. But I also remember how brave I was in that moment. I____37____so fast – I had to! It’s not like the alligator was going to give me two minutes to____38____like in a chess match. I had to be a(n)____39____thinker. Sometimes you’re in a situation where____40____else can help you and you have to think fast and help yourself. That’s what I did.‎ ‎21. A. foolish B. wrong C. confused D. surprised ‎22. A. lifeguard B. trainer C. doctor D. volunteer ‎23. A. amazed B. uncomfortable C. safe D. nervous ‎24. A. leg B. head C. shoulder D. arm ‎25. A. straight B. big C. white D. sharp ‎26. A. action B. solution C. change D. help ‎27. A. push B. drag C. hit D. touch ‎28. A. noticed B. remembered C. imagined D. understood ‎29. A. nose B. mouth C. head D. back ‎30. A. took notice B. made fun C. let go D. got hold ‎31. A. weak B. tired C. hurt D. short ‎32. A. carried B. led C. drove D. kept ‎33. A. competition B. class C. training D. work ‎34. A. sighing B. crying C. shouting D. shaking ‎35. A. prison B. hospital C. school D. police ‎36. A. careless B. scared C. angry D. stupid - 27 -‎ ‎37. A. swam B. reacted C. returned D. escaped ‎38. A. worry B. study C. hesitate D. think ‎39. A. original B. independent C. quick D. free ‎40. A. anybody B. nobody C. somebody D. everybody ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. B 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在浅水区游泳遇到短吻鳄并与其勇敢搏斗的故事。这个故事告诉我们“有时在危急时刻只有自己才能救自己”。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这将是一个正常的游泳乐趣的一天，但我错了。A. foolish愚蠢的；B. wrong错误的；C. confused困惑的；D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据第1空前的“I thought it would be a normal fun day of swimming,”和转折连词but可知，作者想错了。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟和叔叔和我一起在一个浅游泳区，带着一张网和一名救生员。A. lifeguard 救生员，警卫；B. trainer训练员；C. doctor医生；D. volunteer志愿者。根据第2空前的“in a shallow swimming area”可知，带着一名救生员去游泳。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人在附近的长椅上吃午饭。我感到很安全。A. amazed感到惊讶的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. safe安全的；D. nervous紧张不安的。根据上文提到的有救生员陪着和“The rest of my family ate lunch on a nearby bench.”可知，作者感到安全。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在浅水区，双脚面向较深的一端，突然有什么东西撞到了我的腿。A. leg腿；B. head头；C. shoulder肩膀；D. arm胳膊。根据第4空前的“sitting - 27 -‎ ‎ in the shallow water with my feet facing the deeper end”和下文的“I knew it was an alligator (短吻鳄) as soon as it bit me.”可知，有东西在水里撞作者的腿。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的牙齿真锋利!A. straight笔直的；B. big大的；C. white白的；D. sharp锋利的。根据第15空后的“got fourteen stitches (缝针) in my left leg.”可知，短吻鳄的牙齿是锋利的。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始大声呼救，但是我的家人没有听到。A. action行动；B. solution解决方法；C. change改变；D. help帮助。根据第6空后的“but my family didn’t hear me.”可知，作者大声呼救。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. push推动；B. drag拖拉；C. hit击打；D. touch打动。感动。根据第10空前的“I stuck my fingers up its nose,”可知，作者击打它的鼻子。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. noticed注意到；B. remembered记得；C. imagined想象；D. understood明白，理解。根据第8空后的“something I learned at an alligator education park”可知，作者记起所学关于短吻鳄的知识。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. nose鼻子；B. mouth嘴；C. head头；D. back背部。根据第10空前的“I stuck my fingers up its nose,”可知，鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词组。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. took notice注意；B. made fun取笑；C. let go放开，松手；D. got hold得到。根据第10空前的“I stuck - 27 -‎ ‎ my fingers up its nose,”可知，短吻鳄放开了我。固定短语：let go of松手放开。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：我试图离开水，但我不能站起来，因为我的腿受伤了。A. weak弱的；B. tired劳累的；C. hurt受伤的；D. short短的。根据第11空前“I tried to get out of the water, but I couldn’t get up”可知，作者的腿受伤。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叔叔抱着我，把我从水里拉了出来。A. carried携带，搬运；B. led引领；C. drove驾驶，驱使；D. kept保持。根据第12空前的“My uncle held me”可知，作者的叔叔把作者从水里抱出来。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是救生员第一天上班，他边看我的腿边发抖。A. competition竞争，比赛；B. class班级；C. training训练；D. work工作。根据第13空前后“It was the lifeguard’s first day和he was shaking while he looked at my leg.”可知这是救生员第一天上班。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也在发抖! A. sighing叹息；B. crying哭；C. shouting大喊；D. shaking摇动。根据第14空前的“he was shaking while he looked at my leg. We were also”可知，作者和叔叔也发抖。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被送进医院，左腿缝了14针。A. prison监狱；B. hospital医院；C. school学校；D. police警察。根据第15空后的“got fourteen stitches (缝针) in my left leg.”可知，作者被送到了医院。故选B。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有个大伤疤，让我想起那天我有多害怕。A. careless粗心的；B. scared害怕的；C. angry生气的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据第16空前的“I have a big scar (伤疤) that makes me think about”可知，作者回忆起那天的事感到害怕。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的反应太快了——我必须这么做! A. swam游泳；B. reacted反应；C. returned返回，归还；D. escaped逃脱。根据第17空前的“I also remember how brave - 27 -‎ ‎ I was in that moment.”和空后的“so fast – I had to!”可知，作者那天反应很快。故选B。‎ ‎38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：鳄鱼又不会给我两分钟思考时间，就像下棋一样。A. worry担忧；B. study学习；C. hesitate犹豫不决；D. think想，认为。根据第18空后的“like in a chess match.”可知，鳄鱼不会给作者思考的时间。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我必须是一个思维敏捷的人。A. original原创的，新颖的；B. independent独立自主的；C. quick迅速的；D. free空闲的，免费的。根据第20空后的“you have to think fast and help yourself.”可知，作者反应敏捷。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查不定代词。句意：有时你会陷入没人能帮助你的境地，你必须快速思考并帮助自己。A. anybody任何人；B. nobody没有人；C. somebody某人；D. everybody每个人。根据第20空前后“Sometimes you’re in a situation”和“else can help you and you have to think fast and help yourself.”可知，没有人能救你，救你的只有自己。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第5小题，句意：它的牙齿真锋利!A. straight笔直的；B. big大的；C. white白的；D. sharp锋利的。根据第15空后的“got fourteen stitches (缝针) in my left leg.”可知，短吻鳄的牙齿是锋利的。故选D。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Every year in early April, tens of thousands of people in China visit the tombs of their parents, grandparents and ancestors. It is Tomb-Sweeping Day, a traditional Chinese holiday ____41____ (remember) the dead. On this day, Chinese families will sweep their relatives’ tombs and clean the ground around them. Then, they ____42____ (burn) paper money and put flowers and fruit in front of the tombs. They hope the dead can enjoy ____43____ items and bring the family good luck.‎ However, it is not only in China ____44____ people remember the dead. People in other countries also have holidays to honor the dead.‎ - 27 -‎ In Japan, Obon is one of the country’s ____45____ (important) holidays. It ____46____ (hold) from Aug 13 to 16. It is a time ____47____ family members reunite. During Obon, Japanese people return to their hometowns and visit their ancestors’ tombs. In Russia, people remember their ancestors on the Day of Rejoicing, _____48_____ usually falls in late April or early May. The name of this holiday refers to birth and ____49____ (happy). Russians believe that people shouldn’t feel sad for the dead _____50_____ death means rebirth in another world.‎ ‎【答案】41. to remember ‎ ‎42. will burn ‎ ‎43. these/the ‎ ‎44. that 45. most important ‎ ‎46. is held ‎ ‎47. when 48. which ‎ ‎49. happiness ‎ ‎50. because ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国的清明节以及日本和俄罗斯为纪念先人所设立的节日。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：清明节是一个中国传统的节日，它是用来纪念死者的。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填to remember。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查一般将来时态。句意：然后，他们会烧纸钱，把鲜花和水果放在坟墓前。结合句意句子应该用一般将来时态。故填will burn。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词前面的限定词。句意：他们希望死者能享受这些物品，给家人带来好运。此处用these或定冠词the来指代前面提到的paper money and put flowers and fruit.故填these/the。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查主语从句。句意：然而，并不是只有在中国，人们才会记住死者。此处it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句才是真正的主语。故填that。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 考查形容词最高级。句意：在日本，Obon是该国最重要的节日之一。根据定冠词the可知此处用形容词的最高级。故填most important。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：它在8月13日至16日举行。此处it指的是Obon，和谓语动词hold之间是一种被动关系，且这里在讲述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填is held。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：这是家庭成员团聚的时刻。句中time作先行词，横线后面的句子不缺主谓宾，分析句子结构，把先行词放在后面的句子中作时间状语，所以这里是when引导的定语从句。故填when。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在俄罗斯，人们在庆祝日纪念他们的祖先，通常是在四月底或五月初。此处the Day of Rejoicing是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这个节日的名字指的是出生和幸福。谓语动词refers to后面用名词作宾语，所给词happy是形容词，其名词形式是happiness。故填happiness。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查原因状语从句。句意：俄罗斯人认为，人们不应该为死者感到悲伤，因为死亡意味着另一个世界的重生。结合句意此处是原因状语从句。故填because。‎ 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ When I was young, one of my biggest dreams were to live in a house made out of - 27 -‎ ‎ candy. After so many years, I finally got a chance realize my childhood dream at Sugar Republic, a popularly candy museum in Melbourne. Walking through the door, I entered in a whole new world. The first thing which caught my eye was a big gumball (口香糖球) machine. However, you could not get gumballs from them. Instead, you could become a gumball yourself by climb inside it! Interested in taking picture, you would not be able to put down your camera here. A pink swing and a huge cake were just a few of the amazed things I saw. How a “delicious” experience!‎ ‎【答案】1. were→was ‎2. realize前∧to ‎3. popularly→popular ‎4. 去掉entered后的in ‎5. which→that ‎6. them→it ‎7. climb→climbing ‎8. picture→pictures ‎9. amazed→amazing ‎10. How→What ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者年轻的时候，最大的梦想之一就是住在糖果做的房子里。文章介绍了作者的“美味”体验。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：当我年轻的时候，我最大的梦想之一就是住在糖果做的房子里。此处one of是主句的主语，单数形式，故把were改成was。‎ ‎2.考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：经过这么多年，我终于有机会在Sugar Republic实现了我儿时的梦想，这是墨尔本一家非常受欢迎的糖果博物馆。固定用法：a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，故在realize前加to。‎ ‎3.考查形容词。句意：经过这么多年，我终于有机会在Sugar Republic实现了我儿时的梦想，这是墨尔本一家非常受欢迎的糖果博物馆。此处candy museum是名词，由形容词修饰，故把popularly改成popular。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎4.考查介词用法。句意：走进门，我进入了一个全新的世界。此处enter进入，是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，本身就含有in/into的意思，故把后面的in去掉。‎ ‎5.考查定语从句。句意：首先映入我眼帘的是一个巨大的口香糖机。此处thing是先行词，后面是定语从句，但由于先行词被序数词first修饰，所以用that引导。故把which改成that。‎ ‎6.考查人称代词宾格。句意：然而，你不能从中得到任何好处。此处用人称代词宾格it指代上句提到的machine。故把them改成it。‎ ‎7.考查动名词作宾语。句意：相反，你可以爬进去，自己变成一个口香糖球!固定搭配：by doing sth.通过做某事。此处是动名词作宾语，故把climb改成climbing。‎ ‎8.考查名词复数。句意：如果你对拍照感兴趣，你就不能在这里放下相机。固定词组：taking pictures“拍照”。此处名词用复数形式，故把picture改成pictures。‎ ‎9.考查情感形容词-ing和-ed的用法。句意：一个粉红色的秋千和一个巨大的蛋糕只是我看到的一些令人惊叹的东西。此处things是名词，指物，由amazing“令人惊讶的”修饰，而amazed的意思是“感到惊讶的”。故把amazed改成amazing。‎ ‎10.考查感叹句。句意：多么“美味”的体验啊!此处中心词是名词experience所以感叹句有what引导。故把How改成What。‎ ‎【点睛】众所周知what和how引导感叹句 What修饰名词 ‎ ‎1.What+a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What an honest boy!‎ ‎2.What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！What important meetings they are!‎ ‎3.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What bad weather!‎ How 修饰形容词或副词 How patiently they are waiting for him!‎ 温馨提示：‎ What a clever boy he is! 多么聪明的男孩！‎ How clever the boy is!多么聪明的男孩！‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举行“垃圾分类与我”主题英语征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示进行投稿：‎ ‎1. 你所在小区的垃圾分类情况；‎ ‎2. 垃圾分类的好处；‎ - 27 -‎ ‎3. 你的感受。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage classification ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Garbage classification, whether you are accustomed to it or not, is making a change to the way we live. Taking our community as an example, dustbins in different colors have been put into use and most residents are clear about the rules of classification and willing to follow the instructions.‎ Even though it takes a little more time for individuals to sort out their own garbage, it saves the government a considerable amount of time and allows more things to be recycled. In this way, we are shouldering our share of responsibility as citizens. It pays to put garbage into different categories, for our own sake and the sake of nature.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇征文稿。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文为一篇征文稿：假设你是李华，你校英文报正在举行“垃圾分类与我”主题英语征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示进行投稿：1. 你所在小区的垃圾分类情况；2. 垃圾分类的好处；3. 你的感受。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：whether you are accustomed to it or not（不管你是否习惯）；making a change to the way we live（改变我们的生活方式）；in different colors（不同的颜色）；follow the instructions（按照说明）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ - 27 -‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。Garbage classification, whether you are accustomed to it or not, is making a change to the way we live.句中使用让步状语从句和定语从句；Taking our community as an example, dustbins in different colors have been put into use and most residents are clear about the rules of classification and willing to follow the instructions.现在分词作状语，且句中使用现在完成时态的被动语态；Even though it takes a little more time for individuals to sort out their own garbage, it saves the government a considerable amount of time and allows more things to be recycled.句中Even though引导让步状语从句。‎ - 27 -‎ - 27 -‎