高中英语必修2教案：The Olympic Games-Words and expressions 学案

高中英语必修2教案：The Olympic Games-Words and expressions 学案

The Olympic Games-Words and expressions 学案 1. ancient adj. ‎ ‎ (1) 古代的 in ancient times ‎ ‎ (2) 古老的 We were deeply attracted by the ancient building.‎ ‎< 归类> ancient (古代的）→ modern ( 现代的) → contemporary ( 当代的）‎ 2. compete Vi 拓展：competitor n. 竞争对手 competition n. 竞争，角逐 competitive a. 竞争的 ‎ 搭配：(1) compete with / against sb for sth 因…而与某人竞争 ‎ ‎ (2) compete in sth 参加比赛/ 竞赛 ‎ (3) in competition with ... 与…竞争 ‎ eg: 1) I think you should compete for the monitor.‎ 2) Will you compete with Tom in the swimming race?‎ ‎3. take part in ‎ ‎ eg: Mr. Black took part in our conversation.‎ 辨析 ： take part in, join in, join , attend ‎ ‎ (1) take part in : 指参加会议或群众性活动等，重在说明主语参加该项活动并在其中 发挥一定的作用。‎ ‎ （2）join in : 指参加正在进行的活动，如参加竞赛、娱乐、谈话等。‎ ‎ （3）join : 通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员。‎ ‎ （4）attend : 正式用语，指参加会议或婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等，强调的是这一动作本身，而不是强调参加者在活动中所起的作用。‎ eg ：1）They are playing basketball. Let's join in them.‎ ‎ 2) Do you know how many people joined the organization?‎ ‎ 3) They will attend an important meeting tomorrow.‎ ‎4. stand for ‎ eg: The olive branch stands for peace.‎ 拓展：（1）stand by 和…站在一起；袖手旁观 ；支持 eg: I'll always stand by you through thick and thin.‎ (2) stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目 eg: His red hair made him stand out in the crowd.‎ ‎5.volunteer ‎ (1) ‎【C】 volunteer for sth / to do sth ‎ eg: 1) volunteers for the post of treasurer . 自愿任财务工作的人 ‎ 2) Schools need volunteers to help children to read.‎ (2) Vt.‎‎ volunteer to do / volunteer sth ‎ eg: 1) They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady.‎ ‎ 2) She volunteered the information.‎ (3) Vi. volunteer for sth ‎ eg: She volunteered ( her services ) for relief work. 他自愿参加救济工作。‎ (4) ‎ adj. My sister is a volunteer teacher of this school.‎ ‎6. basis [ C] pl. bases < 语法> [ 单] ~sis / sis/ → [复] ~ses / si:z / ‎ crisis → crises 危机 analysis → analyses 分析 ‎ basic adj. 基础的，根本的 ‎ eg：1) His research formed the basis of his new book.‎ ‎2) The basis of a good marriage is trust.‎ ‎3) We judge a worker on the basis of his performance.‎ 辨析：basis & base ‎ (1) basis: 用来指非物质方面的基础。the economic basis 经济基础 （抽象）‎ (2) base: 主要用于指物质方面的基础。the base of a building. 建筑物的基础 （具体）‎ ‎7. admit v. ‎ (1) 允许（人/ 物）进入；让…进入 ‎ 搭配： admit sb to/ into 允许某人进入；吸收某人为…的成员 ‎ ‚ be admitted as … 作为…被接受（后接表示成员的名词）‎ ‎ eg: 1) The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house.‎ ‎2) Only one hundred boys are admitted to the school every year.‎ ‎3) He was admitted as a member of the Party last month.‎ ‎(2) 承认，供认 搭配： admit sth / doing sth ‚ admit that - clause ƒ admit sb / sth to be + adj./ n.‎ eg: 1) He admitted his guilty.‎ ‎ 2) Will you admit having broken the window? ‎ ‎ 3) He admitted that he had stolen the money.‎ ‎ 4) We all admit her to be smart.‎ ‎8. as well ‎ ‎ eg: I can swim as well. ‎ 辨析： as well, also, too, either (1) as well : 用于肯定句，只用于句尾。 He plays the piano as well. ‎ (2) also: 用于肯定句，用在句中。He also plays the piano.‎ (3) too: 用于肯定句，用在句尾，一般用逗号与其他部分分开。 He plays the piano, too.‎ (4) either: 用于否定句中。He doesn't play the piano either.‎ 拓展： as well as 如同…一样好；既…又…；不但…而且… ‎ （1） 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词的形式应根据前一个主语确定。此外，还有together with , along with, besides, but, except, including, rather than 等也属此种情况。‎ （2） 不能用“ A，B as well as C " 结构，但可用" A as well as B and C " or " A and B as well as C " 结构。‎ eg: 1) The teacher as well as some students was interested in the question.‎ ‎ = Not only some students but also the teacher was interested in the question.‎ ‎ 2) I play tennis as well as he .‎ ‎ 3) She sings as well as playing the piano. ‎ ‎ 4) As well as visiting the Great Wall, we spent a day in Beijing. ‎ ‎ 5) He speaks Spanish and English as well as French.‎ ‎ 6) She knows me as well as him.‎ ‎9. host ‎ ‎ (1) Vt.‎ eg: 1) He is willing to host the visitors.‎ ‎ 2) London will host the 30th Olympic Games in 2012. ‎ ‎ （2）n. eg: 1) He acted as host to his father's friends.‎ ‎ 2) China is the host country of the 29th Olympic Games.‎ 辨析：host 与 guest 相对应。hostess 女主人 ‎ ‎ master与 servant 相对应 mastress 女主人 10. responsibility n. responsible adj.‎ ‎ eg: 1) It's my responsibility to take good care of you.‎ ‎ 2) She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards her employees.‎ 11. replace v. replacement 替换，更换[U] ； 替换品，替换物[C]‎ ‎ 搭配：(1) replace sth / sb (2) replace sth / sb with / by …‎ ‎ eg: 1) We can replace sugar by honey.‎ ‎ 2) Can anything replace a mother's love?‎ ‎ 3) If he can't manage he'll have to be replaced.‎ ‎ 4) He replaced the book on the shelf. (把…放回原处）‎ ‎ 拓展： take the place of sb/ sth = replace sb / sth ‎ ‎ take one's place = take one's seat 就坐，就位 ‎ in place of 替代 instead of 代替，而不是 ‎ 10. charge v.& n. ‎ ‎ eg: 1) They do not charge at all for their services. ‎ ‎ 2) He was charged with murder. (控告）‎ ‎ 3）The delivery is free of charge.‎ in charge 主管，看管 ‎ eg: The monitor will be in charge when the headteacher is away.‎ 辨析： in charge of : “负责，主管”，表示主动 ‎ ‎ in the charge of : “由…管理”，表示被动。‎ eg: 1) He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.‎ 2) Class one is in the charge of Miss Li.‎ ‎13. fine ‎ ‎ Vt.‎ eg: The court fined him $200 for dangerous driving.‎ ‎ n. eg: Have you handed in your fine?‎ ‎ adj. (指行为、建议、决定）可接受的；满意的。‎ ‎ —— I'll leave this here,OK?‎ ‎ ---- Fine.‎ 14. advertise v. advertisement ; advertiser n. 登广告者 ； ‎ ‎ advertising n. 广告，广告业 ‎ 搭配：(1) advertise sth 登广告宣传某事物 ‎ （2）advertise for sb / sth 为征求… 登广告 ‎ ‎ eg: 1) They advertise their new product on TV. ‎ ‎ 2) The company advertised goods for sale.‎ 15. bargain ‎ v. bargain with sb over / about / for sth 就…与某人讨价还价 ‎ eg: He was bargaining with the shop owner over the price.‎ ‎ n. make a bargain with sb about sth 与某人就…达成协议 ‎ eg: 1）The car was a bargain at that price . ( 便宜货）‎ ‎ 2）He made a bargain with me about the contract.‎ ‎16.one after another 一个接一个地 （ 强调连续性）‎ ‎ one by one 一个一个地 （强调一次一个）‎ ‎ eg: 1）The students came one after another. ‎ ‎ 2) Write down your ideas one by one .‎ ‎17. deserve v. ‎ ‎ 搭配：(1) deserve sth (2) deserve doing = deserve to be done ‎ ‎ eg: 1) You deserve a rest after all that hard work. ‎ ‎ 2) They deserved rewarding. = They deserved to be rewarded. ‎ ‎ get what you deserve = deserve all / everything you get 罪有应得 Reading‎ and comprehending ‎ 1. interview vt.‎& n. interviewer n. 面试者；采访者 ‎ ‎ interviewee 被面试者 ；被采访者 v. eg: 1) We are now going to interview the Minister of Education.‎ ‎ 2) She has interviewed most of the applicants for the job.‎ n. eg: 1) He never gives an interview.‎ ‎ 2）Don’t be late for your interview, or you won't get the job.‎ 拓展：go for an interview 去进行面试 give an interview to sb 接受某人的采访 ‎ have an interview with sb 与某人会见 do an interview with sb 采访某人 2. ‎(1) on a journey 进行旅行 ，常与go, start, come, be 等搭配使用。‎ ‎ eg: Are you going on a journey tomorrow? ‎ ‎ (2) find out about “弄清有关…的情况”‎ ‎ eg: The police are trying hard to find out about the accident.‎ 3. I lived in what you call " Ancient Greece" and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. ‎ ‎【句法分析】本句是由and 连接的并列句，在第一个分句中what 引导的从句作介词in 的宾语。‎ what 的 用法 ‎ （1） what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call 的宾语，“Ancient Geeece" 作宾补。What 相当于the place that, 因此what 不能改为that, 也不能改为where, 因为where 只能作状语。‎ ‎ eg: After a long journey, they came to what was called " Gebi‎ ‎Desert".‎ ‎ （2） what 也可相当于all that, everything that等，并且what 还可引导主语从句、表语从句等。‎ ‎ eg: 1) What he didn't understand was that no one believed him.‎ ‎ 2) He is no longer what he used to be. ‎ ‎【注】 that 引导名词性从句时不在从句中作成分，而且that 从句一般不作介词的宾语。‎ ‎ eg: 1) He made it clear that he didn't agree with us. ‎ ‎ 2) I didn't know that you lived here.‎ 4. every four years 每四年，每隔三年 ‎ ‎ eg: every four days = every fourth day 每四天，每隔三天 ‎ ‎ every other day / line 每隔一天/ 行 ‎ ‎ every few days 每几天 every two or three days 每隔三天 ‎ 【注】every 表示“每隔...的”，其后不可接 a few, some , many, several 等词。‎ 5. honour n. & vt.‎ ‎ (1) [C] 光荣的人或事 ‎ ‎ eg: 1）He is an honour to our school. ‎ ‎ 2）It's a great honour to be given the prize.‎ ‎ (2) [U] 荣誉；信誉；名誉 ‎ eg: We fight for the honour of our country.‎ ‎ (3) vt. 搭配： honour sb with sth 用某事来向某人表达敬意 ‎ ‚ be / feel honoured to do sth (做某事）感到荣幸 ‎ ‎ eg: 1)I feel highly honoured by your trust. ‎ ‎ 2) You honour us with your presence.‎ ‎ 3) Will you honour me with a visit?‎ ‎ 拓展：（1）It's a great honour to ... ....十分荣幸 ‎ ‎ （2）May I have the honour of sth /doing sth ? 可以赏光...吗？‎ ‎ （3）show honour to sb 向某人表示敬意；尊敬某人 ‎ ‎ （4）for the honour of 为了...的荣誉 ‎ ‎ （5）in honour of sb / sth = in sb's / sth's honour ‎ ‎ 为了向...表示敬意；为了纪念...‎ ‎ eg: 1) May I have the honour of this dance?‎ ‎ 2) We held a grand ceremony in honour of those killed in battle.‎ 6. There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ ‎【句子分析】as ... as 表示同级比较，其中第一个as 是副词，第二个as 是连词，常用于引导一个比较状语从句，从句中常省略与主句相同的成分。此句的第二个as 后省略了 a ‎ competition among countries.‎ 此句基本结构：as much + 不可数名词 / a (an) + 单数可数名词+ as ...‎ ‎ 和...（程度上）是一样的 （much 表示程度）‎ eg: 1）It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.‎ ‎ 人们普遍相信教学如同一门科学一样，它同样是一门艺术。‎ ‎ 2）Getting rid of a bad habit is as much a struggle as forming a good one. ‎ ‎ 摆脱一个坏习惯如同养成一个好习惯一样需要艰苦努力。‎ 4. It’'s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further.‎ ‎ (1) higher 是副词作状语，是high 的比较级。‎ ‎ 辨析： high adj & adv. 指具体高矮程度的“高”。‎ ‎ highly adv. 相当于 very much , 指很高程度，表抽象意义。‎ ‎ eg: The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him.‎ ‎ 拓展：wide ---widely deep---deeply close --- closely ‎ ‎ eg: 1)The explorers went deep into the jungle.‎ ‎ 2) Even father was deeply moved. ‎ ‎ (2) further 在句中是副词，是far 的比较级。‎ ‎ far ----farther ---- farther ; far ---- further ---- further ‎ ‎ 辨析：farther : 多指具体的距离，“ 较远、最远”‎ ‎ further: 多指程度上 “ 进一步” 等抽象意义。‎ eg: " The farther village is ten miles away," said the father. " We must go, for we have to make a further investigation into it."‎ 5. swift adj. ‎ ‎ (1) 迅速发生；马上做出的，迅速的 ‎ ‎ eg: The White House was swift to deny the rumour. ‎ ‎ (2) 速度快的；敏捷的；矫健的 ‎ ‎ eg: He is a swift runner.‎ ‎ 辨析： fast , rapid , swift, quick ‎ ‎ （1）fast "快的，迅速的，敏捷的“，尤用于描述高速运动的人或事物。‎ ‎ eg: He is the world's fastest runner in 2008. ‎ ‎ (2) rapid "短时间发生的；快速的，快捷的”，常用于描述事物变化的速度，而非运动 或完成的速度。‎ ‎ eg: The disease is spreading at a rapid rate.‎ ‎ (3) swift 通常用以描述事物发生或完成的速度“快而迅疾” ‎ ‎ eg: The government took swift action.‎ ‎ (4) quick 常用以描述迅速或立刻完成的事 。‎ ‎ eg: His quick thinking saved her life.‎ 4. similarity n. ‎ ‎ 搭配： similarity between A and B A 与B 之间的相似性 ‎ ‚ similarity to sb / sth 与某人/ 某物有相似性 ‎ ƒ similarity in sth 在...方面有相似性 ‎ ‎ eg: 1) The report highlights (强调）the similarity between the two groups. ‎ ‎2) She bears a striking similarity to her mother. ‎ ‎3) There is some similarity in the way they sing. ‎ ‎4) This game has many similarities to a boxing match.‎ ‎ 拓展：be similar to sb / sth be similar in sth ‎ 5. As Hippomenes watched he thought, " How can I run as fast as Atlanta?"‎ ‎ as 的用法：‎ ‎ （1）“当...时候”，= when / while , 引导时间状从。但as 更强调动作或事情同时发生。‎ eg: As she left the room she remembered that book. ‎ ‎ (2) 随着 ‎ eg: As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. ‎ ‎ (3) 因为，由于。引导原因状语从句 ‎ eg: We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there.‎ ‎ (4) 按照；如同。引导方式状从 eg: You ought to do as Paul told you. ‎ ‎ (5) 引导比较状从 eg: The work is not so difficult as you imagine. ‎ ‎ (6) "尽管；虽然” 引导让步状从 eg: 1) Tired as he was, he sat up late.‎ ‎ 2) Child as he is, he knows a lot. ‎ ‎ 3) Hard as he worked, he didn't pass the exam. ‎ ‎ 4) Try as you may, you won't succeed. ‎ 6. When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win. ‎ ‎ (1) stop to do ; stop doing sth ; stop sb ( from ) doing sth ‎ ‎ eg: 1) We stopped to have a rest. ‎ ‎ 2) It has stopped raining. ‎ ‎ 3) The mother tried to stop her daughter doing out on date.‎ ‎ (2) pick up ‎ ‎ 1) 捡起 ；拾起 ‎ eg: The boy picked up the hat for the old man. ‎ ‎ 2) （用车）去接某人 ‎ ‎ eg: I'll pick you up at 7 o'clock. ‎ ‎ 3) 获得；学会（尤指偶然地或无意中）‎ ‎ eg: You can pick up Chinese easily if you live in China. ‎ ‎ 4) 收听到；接收 ‎ eg: We picked up signals for help from the buring plane. ‎ ‎5）恢复（健康、体力等）‎ ‎ eg: The patient is rapidly picking up. ‎