专题34+词汇（二）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

专题34+词汇（二）-2019年高考英语语法词汇与情景交际钻石考点提分秘籍

‎ ‎ ‎ 考点二 名词 ‎ 对于名词、形容词和副词的考查仍然是考查对句意的理解及词义记忆和辨析。考生只要理解了句意，弄清楚选项的词义，这类题目的题就很容易做对。‎ ‎1. The __________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. （2018天津）‎ A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.（2018江苏） A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：尽量去理解实际发生的事情，而不要按照你所做出的假设去行事。assumption意为“假设”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight ___________ of rain later tonight. ‎ ‎（2016天津） A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance 【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：天气预报说今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。Chance在此表示“可能性”，符合句意。‎ ‎4. —Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life? （2016江苏） —Living every day to the full, definitely. A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt 【答案】A ‎【解析】问句意为：你能告诉我们你快乐和长寿的秘诀吗？recipe在此意为“秘诀”，符合句意。‎ ‎5. Some schools will have to make __________ in agreement with the national soccer reform. ‎ ‎（2015江苏）‎ ‎ A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】一些学校将不得不作出调整以和国家足球改革相一致。adjustment意为“调整”‎ 符合句意。‎ ‎6. The failure was a big ________ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic ‎ as ever. （2015福建）‎ A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎7. — Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave. （2015江苏）‎ ‎ — I’d like to, but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my ______.‎ ‎ A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】句意：——戴夫，去向妈妈说对不起。——我想去，可又怕妈妈对我的道歉不满意。apology意为“道歉，歉意”，符合句意。‎ ‎8. He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. ‎ ‎（2015湖北）‎ A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他去执行秘密任务的时候，给自己起了个新名字以掩盖真实身份。identity意为“身份”，符合句意。‎ ‎ 考点三 形容词 ‎1. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff. （2018江苏）‎ A. keen B. reluctant C. anxious D. ready ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿为员工提供足够的培训进行投入。reluctant意为“不情愿的”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. —I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment. （2017天津）‎ ‎—I’m sorry, but he is not ________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended.‎ A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart-phones defeated ____________ PCs in sales. ‎ ‎（2017江苏） A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】乔布斯才刚刚去世五年后，智能手机就在销售方面击败了传统的个人电脑。conventional意为“传统的”，符合句意。‎ ‎4. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _________ explanations are hard to find. （2017江苏） A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：恐龙的消失不一定是由天文事件引起的，,但却很难找到能替代的解释。alternative 意为“可替代的”，符合句意。‎ ‎5. His comprehensive surveys have provided the most ________ statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected. （2016江苏） A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他的广泛调查就数据是如何、基于什么采集的提供了最为清晰的说明。explicit意为“清晰的”，符合句意。‎ ‎6. It was ______ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. （2015福建）‎ A. careless B. considerate C. patient D. generous ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：麦克告诉我们他晚点来，以防我们担心，他考虑得真周到。considerate意为“考虑周到的”，符合句意。‎ ‎7. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ______ review of the case. （2015江苏）‎ ‎ A. comprehensive B. complicated C. conscious D. crucial ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8. Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be _____.（2015湖北）‎ A. accurate B. punctual C. efficient D. reasonable ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：尽管会议大厅靠近他的公寓，如果他想要准时的话，还是必须快点。punctual意为“守时的，准时的”，符合句意。‎ ‎ 考点四 副词 ‎1. The girl used to be shy, but is ____ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. （2015湖北）‎ A. gradually B. usually C. previously D. merely ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：那个女孩过去很害羞,但现在团队合作越来越积极,(比以前)更愿愿意表达自己。gradually意为“逐渐地”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was _____ alive. （2015浙江）‎ A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】我们大多数人，如果了解哪怕是一点点有关食物来自哪里，都会明白放在我们嘴里的每一口食物之前都是活着的。formerly意为“以前地”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ______.（2014浙江）‎ ‎ A. blindly B. unwillingly C. closely D. carefully ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．It’s our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ____ , supply more jobs. （2014安徽）‎ A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】我们希望在市场上有更大的作为，因此提供更多的工作。therefor意为“因此”，符合句意。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 巩固练习：‎ ‎1. Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional __________. ‎ A. consequence B. independence C. competence D. intelligence ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】句意：老师必须不断更新知识，以保持其职业技能。competence意为“技能，能力”，符合句意。‎ ‎2. Can you tell the ________ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. ‎ ‎ A. dramatic B. regional C. apparent D. subtle ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意：你能告诉我require和request这两个词的细微差别吗？有时我被它们的意思弄蒙了。subtle意为“细微的”，符合句意。‎ ‎3. An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character; however, th ey are not always ______. ‎ A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】句意：不幸的童年会对一个人的性格产生消极影响，但不会是永久性的。permanent意为“永久的”，符合句意。‎ ‎4. She has already tried her best. Please don’t be too _____ about her job. ‎ A. special B. responsible C. unuaual D. particular ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. I’m trying to break the __________ of getting up too late. ‎ A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】“起床晚”是一种习惯，故用habit。‎ ‎6. — He says that my new car is a __________ of money. ‎ ‎— Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?‎ A. lack B. load C. question D. waste ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】a waste of money意为“浪费钱”，符合句意。‎ ‎7. China has got a good __________ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization. ‎ A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】get a good reputation意为“获得好名声”，符合句意。‎ ‎8. I’m sure that your letter will get ________ attention. They know you are waiting for the reply. ‎ A. continued B. immediate C. careful D. general ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】句意：我肯定你的信会很快得到关注。他们知道你在等待回复。immediate意为“立刻，马上”，符合句意。‎ ‎9. I’m not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a __________ imagination. ‎ A. clear B. cautious C. funny D. vivid ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意：他成了作家，我一点也不惊讶。孩提时他就具有生动的想象力。vivid意为“生动的，逼真的”，符合句意。‎ ‎10. John is very __________. — if he promises to do something he’ll do it. ‎ A. independent B. confident C. reliable D. flexible ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎11. Peter has been out of work and it is not __________ that he will be able to find one within a short time.‎ A. easily B. lonely C. nearly D. likely ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】it is likely that ... 为固定句式，意为“……是可能的”。that引导主语从句，it是形式主语。‎ ‎12. Since Tom __________ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now. ‎ A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】由常识可知，下载病毒应该是偶然的。acci dentally意为“偶然地”，符合句意。‎ ‎13. It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so __________. ‎ A. far B. well C. little D. badly ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】句意为：“对他来说跟我比赛很难，输赢对我无所谓，但对他来说，他太需要赢了。”so badly相当于very much。‎ ‎14. Although the country has had political independence for over a century, __________ it needs the support of its neighbors. ‎ A. naturally B. economically C. especially D. luckily ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【解析】由句意可知，经济上需要得到支持。economically意为“经济上”，符合句意。‎ ‎15. He began to take political science __________ only when he left school. ‎ A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎