2020届二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之二十二：如何使行文中出现被动语态

2020届二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之二十二：如何使行文中出现被动语态

2020 届二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之二十二：如何使行文中出现被 动语态 被动语态在书面表达中属于高级句式，它们的合理运用能给文章增色 添彩。英文中被动语态的使用比汉语更多、更普遍。一般说来，当强 调动作的承受者、不必说出动作的执行者或执行者不明确时，多用被 动语态。被动语态因为更突出客观事实而被广泛使用。所以同学们在 写作时也应该注意多用被动语态，以提升写作表达档次。 1．主动语态变被动语态 ①We can borrow at most five books at a time, and we can keep them for ten days. →At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days. ②When we put some waste chemicals into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. →When some waste chemicals are put into the sea, they can hurt or kill animals and fish. 2．写作中常见的被动语态 (1)be＋过去分词(be 可使用各种时态) ①(2017•全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The exhibition will be held from 9：00 am to 5：00 pm the day after tomorrow in the art gallery. 这次展览将于后天上午 9 时至下午 5 时在美术馆举行。 ②Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese language. 当今，越来越多的英语词汇在汉语中使用。 (2)情态动词＋be＋过去分词 ①To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。 ②As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的 人越来越多。 (3)get＋过去分词 ①The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.通往存车处的入口太小了，经常堵车。 ②I'm feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, because my left foot got injured. 我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为 我的左脚受伤了。 [应用体验]　句型转换(主动语态变被动语态) ①Above all, we must do something to stop pollution. →Above_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollution. ②It is true that many things determine our future. →It_is_true_that_our_future_is_determined_by_many_things. ③The boss made him work all day long. →He_was_made_to_work_all_day_long. ④I suggest that you (should) make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds. → It_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_friends_with_people_ having_different_characteristics_or_backgrounds. ⑤When did Lu Xun write these books? →When_were_these_books_written_by_Lu_Xun? ⑥Our village has built a plastic factory. →A_plastic_factory_has_been_built_in_our_village. [专题过关训练] Ⅰ.补全句子 1．(2018•天津高考书面表达)世界青少年机器人竞赛计划于 7 月底在 天津举行。 The World Adolescent Robotics Competition is_scheduled_to_be_held at the end of July in Tianjin. 2．网络投票不公平，不能被信任。 Internet voting is unfair, and can't_be_trusted. 3．应制定规则并应严格遵守这些规则。 Rules should_be_worked_out_and_strictly_observed. 4．我可能会像以前一样被责备。 I would_probably_get_scolded as before. 5．每天 8 小时睡眠必须得到保证。 Eight hours per day for sleep must_be_guaranteed. 6．他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。 A power station has_been_set_up_in_their_hometown. 7．这本小说在完成 10 年后才被出版。 The novel was_not_published_until 10 years after it was completed. 8．那所学校每年都有几百人被重点大学录取。 Hundreds of students in that school are_admitted_into the key universities every year. Ⅱ.利用恰当的语态，结合汉语提示补全短文 A very terrible rainstorm hit/struck our city last night and caused huge mudslide around West Village.In this disaster, nearly 1.ten_houses_were_destroyed ( 十 所 房 子 被 毁 ) and 2.an_office_building_was_ruined (一幢办公楼被毁坏了)．What's worse, it has already caused one death, leaving five persons missing. When trouble happens at a place, help comes from all sides.Soldiers 3.were_sent_to_help_out (被派去帮助)．And a lot of villagers tried their best to help search for the missing persons.4.It_is_said_that ( 据说) the direct economic loss caused by this heavy rainstorm adds up to more than ten million yuan.Through everyone's efforts, everything went on very well/smoothly.