高考英语一轮总复习考点集训三十七五介词和介词短语牛津译林版

高考英语一轮总复习考点集训三十七五介词和介词短语牛津译林版

考点集训(三十七)　五、介词和介词短语 对应学生用书p343‎ Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空。‎ ‎1．Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespushupstootostay____________shape.‎ ‎2．Inaddition____________thephysicalbenefits, aerobicexerciseshaveemotionalbenefits.‎ ‎3．Hedrovesofastattheturnthatthecaralmostwent____________theroad.‎ ‎4．Chinalies____________thewestofJapan.‎ ‎5．____________muchhomeworktodo, hedecidednottogotothecinemathisevening.‎ ‎6．Yourcompositioniswellwrittenexcept____________afewspellingmistakes; hisisalsowellwritten____________yours.‎ ‎7．Wehadtospendabout10minuteswaitingforthebusbecause____________theheavysnow.‎ ‎8．NowadayspeopleinpoormountainousvillagesacrossChinaaremakinggreateffortstofindcures____________theirpoverty.‎ ‎9．—Whatabouttheprotectionofthenewcomputer?‎ ‎—Let’skeepthescreenfree____________dustbyputtingacoveroverit.‎ ‎10．Mr.Zhouisstrict____________hisstudentsinclassbutverykind____________themafterclass.‎ ‎11．____________goingintotheclassroom, Iturnedonthelightbecauseitwasverydark.‎ ‎12．Allthestudentsfeltdiscouragedbecausetheexercisewas____________theabilitiesofmostoftheclass.‎ ‎13．Theprofessoralwaysspendsthewholedayinthebookshop____________whichheboughtthedictionary.‎ ‎14．Noonecaneasilysucceed.____________all, Romeisnotbuiltinoneday.‎ ‎15．ThesongbyTaylorSwiftispopular____________teenagersacrosstheworld.‎ ‎16．____________fromteachingchildrenhowtodealwiththedailystress, expertsalsoagreethere’saneedtocoachtheminhowtoprotectthemselves.‎ ‎17．Friendshipcanneverbeatrade; ____________contrast, ‎ 6‎ itneedsthemostthoroughandunprofitableconcept.‎ ‎18．Afterhertimeinhospital, Jenny’sparentsareafraidthatshehasfallen____________otherclassmatesinschoolwork.‎ ‎19．WhenChristmasis____________thecorner, storesandsupermarketsarebusywithpeople.‎ ‎20．Theteacherwaspleased____________hisanswerandpraisedhim____________hisexcellentpronunciation.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1．in。句意：汤姆早上总是慢跑，他也经常做俯卧撑来保持体形。inshape“健康状况良好”，符合题意。故填in。‎ ‎2．to。句意：除了身体上的好处，有氧运动也有情感上的好处。inadditionto除了。‎ ‎3．off。句意：他在转弯处开得太快了，以至于车子几乎要偏离道路。goofftheroad偏离道路。‎ ‎4．to。句意：中国位于日本以西。lieto强调隔海/河相望，并不接壤或是范围之内，in表示范围内，on表示接壤，故填to。‎ ‎5．With。句意：由于有许多家庭作业要做，他决定今晚不去看电影。此处是“with＋宾语＋不定式(宾补)”做状语。‎ ‎6．for; besides。句意：除了几个拼写错误，你的作文写得很好，他的写得也很好。exceptfor除了，肯定整体对部分加以修正；besides除了……还有，表示“增补”；根据句意，第一空说明你的作文整体是好的，“除了”几个拼写错误，是整体中除去部分，故用exceptfor；第二部分中的also说明“除了”你的作文写得好外，“还有”他的，用besides。‎ ‎7．of。句意：由于大雪，我们等公交车等了10分钟。becauseof因为；由于。‎ ‎8．for。句意：现在，全中国贫穷山村的人们都在很努力地寻找脱穷的办法。cure与介词of搭配时，cure作为一个动词使用，curesb(ofsth)，译为“治愈某人某种疾病”；与介词for搭配时，cure作为一个名词使用，acurefor意为“对于某种疾病的治疗方法”。故填for。‎ ‎9．from。句意：——新电脑该怎样保养？——让我们盖上一个罩子，使屏幕不沾染灰尘。freefrom免于……，使……摆脱。‎ ‎10．with; to。句意：周老师上课时对学生要求很严格，但课后他对他们很好。‎ 6‎ bestrictwithsb.“对某人严格”为固定短语。bekindtosb.“对某人好”为固定短语。‎ ‎11．Upon/On/After。句意：一进入教室，我就打开灯，因为里面很黑。根据Iturnedonthelightbecauseitwasverydark可推知，是一进入教室就开灯。‎ ‎12．beyond。句意：所有学生都灰心丧气的，因为这个练习超出了班里大多数人的能力。beyondone’sability超出某人的能力。‎ ‎13．in。句意：这个教授经常花一整天的时间在他买字典的那个书店。这是一个定语从句，in在……里。‎ ‎14．After。句意：没有人能轻易成功。毕竟，罗马不是一天建成的。afterall毕竟。‎ ‎15．with/among。句意：TaylorSwift的这首歌受到全世界青少年的欢迎。短语bepopularwith/among...意为“受到……欢迎”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎16．Apart。句意：除了教孩子们如何应对日常压力，专家们也认为有必要指导他们如何保护自己。apartfrom除……之外。‎ ‎17．by。句意：友谊永远不能变成一个交易，相反，它需要最纯粹最无利益的理念。bycontrast相反。‎ ‎18．behind。句意：Jenny住院了一段时间，她的父母担心她在学业上落后于其他同学。fallbehind落后于。‎ ‎19．around/round。句意：当圣诞节快到时，商店和超市都会忙于和顾客打交道。around/roundthecorner“即将来临，迫在眉睫”。‎ ‎20．with；for。bepleasedwith对……满意；praisesb.forsth.因某事表扬某人。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每题只有一个错误)。‎ ‎1．Theaccidentcausedsomedamagewithmycar, butit’snothingserious.‎ ‎2．Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.‎ ‎3．Heisnowinhisthirtiesandhasbeenteachinginalmosttenyears.‎ ‎4．WewerepreventedattendingProfessorLi’slecturebytheheavyrain.‎ ‎5．Aseriousstudyofphysicsisimpossiblewithsomeknowledgeofmathematics.‎ ‎6．Pleaseadduponallthesefiguresandseehowmuchyoufinallyget.‎ ‎7．Hekeptconcentratinginthesametopicsincehewasastubbornperson.‎ ‎8．I’vebeentryingtophoneCharlesallevening，buttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththenetwork; Ican’tseemtogetacross.‎ ‎9．MumpromisedtobuyanEnglishEnglishdictionarytomeasapresent.‎ 6‎ ‎10．Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreakoutsomebarrierstotradebetweenthem.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1．with改为to。cause/dodamageto“给……造成损伤/损害”，为固定搭配。故将with改为to。‎ ‎2．dreams后加of。句意：我叔叔说他从来没有想过在短时间内变得富有。短语dreamofdoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。故在dreams后加of。‎ ‎3．第二个in改为for。与现在完成进行时hasbeenteaching连用，表示一段时间，介词用for，故将第二个in改为for。‎ ‎4．prevented后加from。句意：大雨使得我们无法去听李教授的课了。bepreventedfromdoingsomething意为“被阻止做某事”。故在prevented后加from。‎ ‎5．with改为without。句意：没有一些数学知识，不可能有认真的物理研究。故将with改为without。‎ ‎6．upon改为up。句意：请把这些数字加起来看看你最终能得到多少。固定短语：addup“把……加起来”。没有addupon这个搭配。故将upon改为up。‎ ‎7．in改为on。句意：由于他是一个很倔强的人，他一直集中注意力于这同一个主题。concentrateon“专心于……”，为固定搭配，故将in改为on。‎ ‎8．across改为through。句意：一晚上我都一直在给Charles打电话，但肯定是网络出故障了，电话打不通。getthrough“(用电话)打通”，符合句意。故将across改为through。‎ ‎9．第二个to改为for。buysth.forsb.给某人买某物。句意：妈妈承诺给我买本英英字典作为礼物。故将第二个to改为for。‎ ‎10．out改为down。句意：那两个国家计划通过会晤来消除两国之间的一些贸易壁垒。breakdown消除，分解。‎ Ⅲ.用适当的介词填空。‎ Passage1‎ OnedayTomcameacrossalittlebird1.____________accidentonhiswaytoschool.Hewascurious2.____________thelittlebirdandforgotthetime.Suddenlyitoccurred3.____________himthathecouldputthelittlebirdinhiscoattokeepitfree4.____________thecoldweather.Whenhegottoschool, hefoundhimselfshort5.____________breath.Theteacher，whowasalwaysstrict6.____________hisstudents，‎ 6‎ wasgivinghislessonstohisclassmates.AlthoughTomknewthathisteacherwaspatient7.____________hisstudents，hefelthisteacherwouldgetangry8.____________him，sohewas9.____________alosswhattodowiththisincident.Afterclass, hemadeanapology10.____________theteacher.11.____________hisjoy，theteacherforgavehim，whichputhim12.____________ease.Tompromisednottobelate13.____________schoollateronandputeverything14.____________place.Theteacherwassatisfied15.____________whathesaid.‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1．by。byaccident偶然。‎ ‎2．about。becuriousabout对……好奇。‎ ‎3．to。itoccurredtosb....某人突然想起……。‎ ‎4．of/from。keep...freeof/from...使……免受……。‎ ‎5．of。shortof缺少。‎ ‎6．with。bestrictwith对……严格。‎ ‎7．with。bepatientwith对……耐心。‎ ‎8．with。getangrywith生某人的气。‎ ‎9．at。ataloss不知所措。‎ ‎10．to。makeanapologyto向……道歉。‎ ‎11．To。toone'sjoy使某人高兴的是。‎ ‎12．at。putsb.atease使某人轻松自在。‎ ‎13．for。belatefor迟到。‎ ‎14．in。inplace在适当的位置。‎ ‎15．with。besatisfiedwith对……感到满意。‎ Passage2‎ MyhusbandandIwerepayingavisit1.____________myparentsinTucson.Wewenttoafastfoodrestaurant2.____________dinnertogether.MyhusbandwenttothecountertoorderdishesandIstoodwithmyparents.‎ Mydadis90yearsold.Hecanhardlyseeverywellandwalkswithastick.Iwasscanningtherestaurant, ‎ 6‎ waitingtositatthefirsttablethatwasmoreconvenient3.____________others.Awomanwhowassittingwithhersonmadeeyecontact4.____________meandaskedmetocometoher.Withapuzzledlook5.____________myface, Ipointed6.____________myselfandsaid, “Me？”Shenoddedandsaid, “Yes，you.”Iwalkedtothetableandshesaid，“Bring your family here. I can finish eating at the counter. My son is7.____________ a hurry to leave anyway.”Myeyeswerefilled8.____________tearsasshewipeddownthetableandguidedmydadtotheseat.‎ Ialwaysbelievethattherearenaturallykindpeople9.____________thisworld.Thiswomanhassetagoodexample10.____________herson, whoisareallyluckyguy.‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎1．to　2.for　3.than　4.with　5.on　6.to　7.in　8.with　9.in　10.to/for 6‎