2020版高考英语总复习Unit2Cloning 人教版选修8

2020版高考英语总复习Unit2Cloning 人教版选修8

Unit 2　Cloning Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 23‎ ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 第一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．differ vi. 不同；相异 ‎[教材原句]　Think about how they differ.‎ 考虑它们怎样不同。‎ ‎ (1)differ from 不同于……；和……不同 23‎ differ in 在……方面不同 differ with sb. on/about/over sth.‎ 在某事上和某人有分歧/异议 ‎(2)difference n. 不同之处 make a difference to... 对……有影响/起作用 tell the difference between A and B 分清A和B ‎(3)different adj. 不同的 be different from... in... 在……方面与……不同 单句语法填空 ‎①Chinese eating and drinking habits differ greatly ________ those in the West.‎ ‎②Was it on the matter of finance that they differed ________ each other?‎ ‎③Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ________ size and shape.‎ ‎④What you have told me may make a difference ________ my own position.‎ ‎⑤________(differ) from cars, cycling is a means of environmentally friendly transportation.‎ 句型转换 ‎⑥That fashion is different from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.‎ ‎→That fashion ________________________ may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.‎ ‎[答案]　①from　②with　③in　④to　⑤Differing ‎⑥differs from country to country ‎2．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 ‎[教材原句]　It is a difficult task to undertake.‎ 这是一项很难完成的任务。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事 undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事 undertake that... 保证……‎ undertake responsibility/a task/a project 承担责任/任务/工程 23‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I had to travel here to undertake some training ____________________________________________________________ my job.‎ ‎②He knew the problem was serious and undertook ________________(look) into it immediately he reached the office.‎ ‎③The police are said ____________________(undertake) detailed investigations into the case at present.‎ ‎④Cooking, traditionally ________________(undertake) by mothers, has been often taken over by fathers nowadays.‎ ‎⑤Whether or not the construction of the bridge ____________________________(undertake) by our company remains to be seen.‎ ‎[答案]　①for　②to look　③to be undertaking　④undertaken　⑤will be undertaken ‎3．object vi.反对；不赞成 ‎[经典例句]　The plan once I objected to worked out fine.‎ 我曾经反对的计划结果很好。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)object to sb./sth.　　　反对/不赞成某人/某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ‎(2)objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 have/make/raise an objection to(doing)sth.‎ 对(做)某事表示反对 ‎(3)objective adj. 客观的；真实的；无偏见的 单句语法填空 ‎①Most students object to ________________(charge) for parking on the campus.‎ ‎②You should stop blaming yourself and be more______(object) about your ability，which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.‎ ‎③Most of the members ________(object) to having a match without a standard court，the match was cancelled.‎ ‎④I have no________(object) to the plan，so long as it would not cost too much.‎ ‎[答案]　①being charged　②objective　③objecting　④objection ‎[技巧点拨]　object表示“反对”时，是不及物动词，加宾语时需要后加to。‎ 23‎ ‎4．forbid vt. (forbade, forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准 ‎[教材原句]　Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.‎ 有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth.‎ 禁止某人做某事 ‎(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的 单句语法填空 ‎①The factory forbids the workers ________ smoking in the workshops.‎ ‎②The guard forbade us ________(look) out of the window when the train was moving.‎ ‎③Lack of space forbids ________(list) the names of all those who contributed.‎ ‎④For this writer there is no such thing as a ________(forbid) topic.‎ ‎⑤It is high time we forbade ________(set) off fireworks in urban areas!‎ ‎[答案]　①from　②to look　③listing　④forbidden　⑤setting ‎[知识顾问]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。‎ ‎5．pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎[教材原句]　But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep.‎ 但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终于1996年收获了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ pay back 　　　　　偿还(欠款)；报复；回报 pay for sth. 付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价 pay sb.for sth. 因某事物给某人报酬 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 pay attention to 注意；留心 单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·天津卷)Will you please pay a visit ________ Tianjin again so that we may meet again?‎ 23‎ ‎②I'd also like to know how much I have to pay ________ the course and whether accommodation is included.‎ ‎③It has been rather costly to install the machine, but it should pay ________ in the long run.‎ ‎④Loss of health is too high a price to pay ________ success in your studies.‎ ‎⑤I am sure that he will pay ________ every cent he owes you.‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②for　③off　④for　⑤back ‎[易错提醒]　pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。‎ ‎6．cast down沮丧；不愉快；扔掉；使下降 ‎[教材原句]　Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.‎ 研究克隆的科学家们发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的动物身上，这让他们很沮丧。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)cast away 丢掉；浪费 cast out 驱逐出去；赶走 cast a shadow (在心理上)留下阴影 cast off 摆脱掉 ‎(2)cast down one's eyes 垂下眼帘 be/feel cast down 感到沮丧 ‎(3)cast/put/throw sb into prison 把某人投进监狱 cast light upon＝throw light on 使……容易理解 用cast相关短语的适当形式填空 ‎①Sylvia's been ________________ ever since her mother became so ill.‎ ‎②Can anybody ________________ how this chair got broken?‎ ‎③Tom's brother was ________________ because of murder, and he will be in prison for thirty years.‎ ‎④You really must ____________ all these bad habits.‎ ‎⑤Be sure not to ____________ your time.‎ ‎[答案]　①cast down　②cast light upon　③cast into prison　④cast off　⑤cast away 23‎ ‎7．全部倒装句 ‎[教材原句]　Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.‎ 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。‎ 本句使用了倒装句式。当表示方位或者方式的副词、介词(短语)here/there/in/out/up/down/away/off等放在句首，后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等，而主语又是名词时，构成完全倒装。‎ ‎①The door opened and in ________________.‎ 开门了，老师进来了。‎ ‎②Then ________________ that Li Hua won the first prize.‎ 接着传来消息：李华获得了一等奖。‎ ‎[答案]　①came the teacher　②came the news ‎[答案]　1.It　2.that　3.other　4.to undertake　5.forbidden　6.scientific　7.in　8.objections　9.on　10.is leading 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎1．owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢 ‎[教材原句]　You owe the lady an apology.‎ 你应该向这位女士道歉。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)owe sb. a favo(u)r 欠某人一个人情 owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb. sth.＝owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 ‎(2)owe... to... 把……归功于……‎ owe it to sb. that... 多亏某人……‎ ‎(3)owing to... 因为；由于 单句语法填空 23‎ ‎①My English teacher is such a great soul, ________ whom I owe many thanks.‎ ‎②________(owe) to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.‎ ‎③I owe it ________ the doctor that I am still alive.‎ ‎④I think maybe we owe you ________ apology.‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②Owing　③to　④an ‎[方法规律]　如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用owe it to sb./sth.to do/that...结构。‎ ‎2．bother vt. 打扰　vi. 操心　n. 烦扰 ‎[教材原句]　However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.‎ 然而，之后它患上了严重肺病的问题困扰着科学家们。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎(1)bother to do sth. 操心/费心做某事 bother doing sth. 费心做某事 bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人 bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 ‎(2)have bother(in) doing sth. 做某事费劲 单句语法填空 ‎①He is always bothering me ________(lend) him money.‎ ‎②Don't bother ________(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.‎ ‎③I'm sorry to bother you______________so many questions on such an occasion.‎ ‎④He won't come，so why bother__________________(invite) him?‎ ‎⑤We had quite a lot of bother____________(get) here because of the fog.‎ ‎[答案]　①to lend　②looking　③with　④to invite/inviting　⑤getting ‎3．strike v. (struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时　n. 罢工 ‎[教材原句]　The popularity of films such as JurassicPark, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.‎ 在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 23‎ be struck by 被……打动/迷住了 It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起 strike... into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 单句语法填空 ‎①________ struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.‎ ‎②________(strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.‎ ‎③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I'd strike ________ my heart forever.‎ 写出下列句中strike的含义 ‎④The clock has just struck 10.______________‎ ‎⑤He hit me, so I struck him back.______________‎ ‎⑥The girl struck a match and lit a candle.______________‎ ‎⑦She was struck by his kindness.______________‎ ‎⑧They have been on strike for several days.______________‎ ‎⑨A big earthquake struck the area last week.______________‎ ‎[答案]　①It　②Struck　③into　④(钟)敲　⑤打　⑥擦(火柴)　⑦打动　⑧罢工　⑨侵袭 ‎4．be bound to do sth.一定/必定做某事 ‎[教材原句]　Dolly's death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries.‎ 多莉之死正如她的出生一样，肯定会带来忧虑的。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　‎ be bound for... 准备前往……；在前往……途中 be bound up with 与……相关 be bound up in sth. 热衷于/忙于某事 单句语法填空 ‎①We were bound ________ home after we had finished our work.‎ ‎②Our educational cause is bound up ________ the development of our country.‎ ‎③Look at the clouds, and it is bound ________(rain) this afternoon.‎ ‎④The boy is bound up ________ music.‎ ‎[答案]　①for　②with　③to rain　④in ‎5．in good/poor condition状况/情况很好(坏)‎ 23‎ ‎[教材原句]　...so its DNA is still in good condition.‎ ‎……所以它的DNA仍然处于良好状态。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ out of condition 健康状况欠佳 working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境 on condition that... 在……条件下；倘若……‎ on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The old lady takes exercise every day, and she is ________ good condition now.‎ ‎②You can go out ________ condition that you must be back before ten o'clock.‎ ‎③On ________ condition can you lose heart when you are in trouble.‎ ‎④Our school has tried to improve our studying ________(condition)．‎ ‎[答案]　①in　②on　③no　④conditions ‎6．that引导的表语从句 ‎[教材原句]　The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。‎ ‎(1)句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。‎ ‎①The advantage of the emotions ____________ they lead us astray, and ________________________ it is not emotional.‎ 情感的好处就是把我们引入歧途，而科学的好处是不感情用事。‎ ‎②________________________ it can not only make us happy, but also please others.‎ 微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。‎ ‎(2)that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。‎ ‎③(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)If there is anything ________________， please don't hesitate to tell me.‎ 如果你有任何需要帮助的，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。‎ ‎④(2017·浙江卷)I firmly believe ________________ and we will enjoy ourselves.‎ 我坚信那将会成功，我们也会玩得很开心。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　①is that; the advantage of science is that　②The advantage of smiling is that　③that I can help you　④that it will be a success ‎[答案]　‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)As we ________(accumulation) more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones.‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　accumulated ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and ________(decorate)．‎ ‎[答案]　decorations ‎3．(2018·浙江卷)Plasticbag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people ________(assumption)．‎ ‎[答案]　assume ‎4．I am sure the new traffic regulation will meet with a strong____________(object) from the public.‎ ‎[答案]　objection ‎5．You can't compare them—there is a fundamental____________(differ) in kind.‎ ‎[答案]　difference ‎6．As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses，all the strange beliefs are bound____________(go) out of our life.‎ ‎[答案]　to go ‎7．Honey，look at your mistake in spelling this word, or you____________________(obtain) full marks in this exam.‎ ‎[答案]　could have obtained ‎8．____________(owe) to my lack of experience，I didn't do the work well.‎ ‎[答案]　Owing ‎9．Since her only child passed away a few years ago, family has been a____________(forbid) topic for her.‎ ‎[答案]　forbidden ‎10．Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected to____________(call) a hero.‎ ‎[答案]　being called Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He has a strong objection to smoke in public places，especially with females present.______________‎ ‎[答案]　smoke→smoking ‎2．Mother made a promise if I passed the College Entrance Examination, she would buy me a mobile phone.______________‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　在promise后加that ‎3．John is strongly convinced that extra time spent studying now will pay for in the future.______________‎ ‎[答案]　for→off ‎4．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.______________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉第一个to/struck→occurred ‎5．Owe to his absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.______________‎ ‎[答案]　Owe→Owing ‎6．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉of ‎7．By the end of last week, we had learnt 3,000 English words for altogether.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉for ‎8．He travelled all over the nation after he retired at work.____________‎ ‎[答案]　at→from ‎9．Only if the students accumulate up a great deal of vocabulary can they grasp English.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉up ‎10．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.____________‎ ‎[答案]　exact→exactly Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．我的建议是，如果明天下雨，我们最好去图书馆。(that引导表语从句)‎ My suggestion is______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　that if it rains tomorrow we had better go to the library ‎2．你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think作插入语)‎ ‎________________________the greatest woman of the past 100 years?‎ ‎[答案]　Who do you think was ‎3．抄袭他人作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导表语从句)‎ A disadvantage of copying others' homework 23‎ ‎ is______________________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　that you cannot master what you have learned ‎4．最使我伤脑筋的是他似乎对他的作业不感兴趣。(bother)‎ ‎________________________________that he seems to take no interest in his schoolwork.‎ ‎[答案]　What bothers me most is ‎5．我突然想到一个好主意：我可以用这些钱来帮助那些贫穷的学生。(strike)‎ A bright/good idea______________________I could use the money to help the poor students.‎ ‎[答案]　suddenly struck me that ‎6．他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)‎ He had just taken his seat; then _______________________________________________________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　came the head teacher 高考题型分组训练 训练一　语言知识运用板块训练——重情理，练准度 ‎(限时：25分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2018·河南五市高三模拟)You're surrounded by robots and you probably don't even know it. Most are not all that __1__ and they won't come up to you and speak like a friend. __2__ you're unaware of them, they know you're there. Robots are monitoring __3__ in hospitals, providing banking services, __4__ people from burning buildings and assisting astronauts in __5__. Robots are everywhere.‎ Are robots __6__ or deadly enemies? Robotic expert Hans Moravec says intelligent robots today are no smarter than the average insect. But, don't feel too __7__ about that. For example, army ants in South America __8__ everything in their path when they go to war—forests, crops, buildings, people... ‎ In case you __9__ don't care about our little mechanical friends, __10__ this: Robot technology is currently __11__ at a rate 10 million times faster than the __12__ of animals.‎ Considering the advances in robot technology during the upcoming years, Moravec says that robots must pass through four __13__ of development before they rule the planet.‎ First robot technology must achieve the ability to __14__ as general purpose 23‎ ‎ tools with software running at one million instructions per second (MIPS). Those robots will have the __15__ of reptiles(爬行动物). Next, this happening into 2020, robots will have acquired brains capable of __16__ 300 million MIPS, which will give them the intelligence of smart mice. A hundred billion MIPS will be __17__ sometime after 2030. By then robots will be provided by their __18__(humankind) with monkey like brains. __19__， at the dawn of 2040, robots will __20__ human intelligence and they will quickly surpass humans and challenge people for supremacy(至高无上) of the planet.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的发展，机器人会越来越多地出现在我们的生活中。‎ ‎1．A.slow B．obvious C．huge D．valuable ‎[解析]　根据下文的“you're unaware of them，they know you're there”可知，有些机器人并不明显(obvious)。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．A.In case B．If only C．Even if D．As if ‎[解析]　即使(Even if)你没有意识到他们，他们知道你在那里。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．A.researchers B．scientists C．nurses D．patients ‎[解析]　此处指机器人在医院里帮助看管病人。researcher“研究者”；scientist“科学家”；nurse“护士”；patient“病人”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎4．A.rescuing B．forcing C．sending D．calling ‎[解析]　根据空后面的“from burning buildings”可知，此处指救援(rescuing)处在燃烧着的大楼中的人。rescue“救援”；force“强迫”；send“发送”；call“打电话”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎5．A.studio B．space C．distance D．town ‎[解析]　根据“astronauts”可知，机器人可以帮助在太空的宇航员。studio“录音棚”；space“太空，空间”；distance“距离”；town“城镇”。故选B。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎6．A.servants B．leaders C．competitors D．friends ‎[解析]　根据连词or后面的“deadly enemies”可知，此处是在询问“机器人会成为朋友还是致命的敌人”。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎7．A.curious B．nervous C．safe D．pleasant ‎[解析]　根据连词But可知，此处是说也不要感到太安全。curious“好奇的”；nervous“紧张的”；safe“安全的”；pleasant“愉悦的”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎8．A.destroy B．hide C．smell D．visit ‎[解析]　这里是说蚂蚁大军会毁掉它们所途经的所有东西，包括森林、庄稼等。destroy“破坏”；hide“隐藏”；smell“闻”；visit“拜访，参观”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎9．A.also B．still C．again D．seldom ‎[解析]　此处表示为防止你仍然(still)不在乎我们的这些机械的朋友。also“也”；still“仍然”；again“再，又”；seldom“很少”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎10．A.consider B．explain C．declare D．conclude ‎[解析]　此处指“考虑到这一点”。consider“考虑，认为”；explain“解释”；declare“宣布，表明”；conclude“得出结论”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎11．A.beginning B．selling C．exploding D．reducing ‎[解析]　这里是说机器人科技的发展比一些动物的进化速度快好多倍，是爆炸式增长。explode表示“激增，突增”的意思。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎12．A.life B．performance C．appearance D．evolution ‎[解析]‎ 23‎ ‎　参见上题解析。life“生活”；performance“性能”；appearance“外貌”；evolution“进化”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎13．A.stations B．generations C．results D．experiments ‎[解析]　此处指的是机器人一代一代的发展。station“车站，身份”；generation“世代，代”；result“结果”；experiment“实验”。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎14．A.serve B．stay C．settle D．appear ‎[解析]　serve as是固定搭配，意为“担任……，起……的作用”。此处指机器人首先要充当一种工具。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎15．A.weight B．memory C．intelligence D．sense ‎[解析]　此处指那些机器人将会有爬行动物的智力(intelligence)。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎16．A.recording B．improving C．dividing D．processing ‎[解析]　此处指“每秒加工处理300百万条指令的能力”。record“记录，记载”；improve“改善，改进”；divide“分开”；process“处理，加工”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎17．A.followed B．reached C．corrected D．loaded ‎[解析]　这里是说达到“每秒加工处理上千亿条指令的能力是2030年以后将会达到的水平”，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎18．A.neighbor B．parent C．creator D．enemy ‎[解析]　由客观事实可知人类是机器人的创造者。neighbor“邻居”；parent“父母”；creator“创造者”；enemy“敌人”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎19．A.Finally B．Luckily C．Suddenly D．Regularly ‎[解析]‎ 23‎ ‎　根据前面说的过程可知，这是最后一步。finally“最后，终于”；luckily“幸运地”；suddenly“突然”；regularly“有规律地，定期地”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎20．A.collect B．change C．discover D．equal ‎[解析]　此处指机器人将会抵得上人类的智力。collect“收集”；change“改变”；discover“发现”；equal“等于，比得上”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2018·山西八校第一次联考)The Great Wall was grand, a little rainy at first, but grand all the same. The mist covered the far ends of the wall, 1.____________(give) it an almost mysterious feeling. The fog rolled in and out of the high mountains, revealing new parts of the wall as 2.____________(quick) as it covered them. I kept on walking, seeing watchtower after watchtower 3.____________ my way. To my 4.____________(relieve), many people had decided today was not the best day 5.____________(climb) the wall, and I was there with very few people. I walked for 6.____________ seemed like miles. Then I saw just how long the wall I was standing on stretched for.‎ It was 7.____________(end)! I walked and walked, but after every hill I climbed，there was another long stretch of wall. I eventually came to 8.____________ long staircase. Later I found out that it 9.____________(call) “Chairman Mao's Challenge”. I accepted，and after climbing the hundred plus stairs to the peak, I had to admit that the Great Wall truly lives up to its reputation. So if I 10.____________(have) another chance to travel to China, I would never hesitate to visit the Great Wall again.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。长城举世闻名，是中国文化的一张名片。本文讲述了作者登临长城的所见所感。‎ ‎1．[解析]　句意：水汽弥漫了长城的远端，赋予它一种近乎神秘的感觉。give与其逻辑主语“The mist”之间为主谓关系，故应用其现在分词形式在句中作结果状语。‎ ‎[答案]　giving ‎2．[解析]　句意：云雾在高山上翻腾起伏，长城时隐时现。此处为“as＋形容词/副词＋as...”结构，在本句中应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎[答案]　quickly ‎3．[解析]　句意：我继续行走，沿途看见一个接一个的烽火台。on/along one's way“沿途”。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　on/along ‎4．[解析]　“to one's＋表示情感的名词”是固定用法，意为“令某人……的是”。relieve的名词是relief，意为“轻松，解脱，宽慰”。‎ ‎[答案]　relief ‎5．[解析]　当名词前有the only，the best，the first，the last等修饰语时，其后常跟动词不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎[答案]　to climb ‎6．[解析]　句意：我似乎步行了数英里。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填what。‎ ‎[答案]　what ‎7．[解析]　句意：长城是无边无际的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作表语，故填endless“无止境的，无限的”。‎ ‎[答案]　endless ‎8．[解析]　句意：我最终来到一个长长的楼梯前。staircase意为“楼梯”时是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用不定冠词a表示泛指。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎9．[解析]　it(指代a long staircase)与call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。再结合本文的基本时态为一般过去时可知，此处也应用一般过去时。‎ ‎[答案]　was called ‎10．[解析]　句意：因此如果我再有机会去中国旅行的话，我一定会毫不犹豫再去参观长城的。根据语境可知，此处表示对与将来事实相反的情况的假设，故应填had。‎ ‎[答案]　had 训练二　主观应用题板块训练——重语法，练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2018·石家庄市高中毕业班第一次模拟)Chinese are the first people to have tea. One thousand and two hundred years ago, Lu Yu wrote a book called “TheClassicofTea”， 1.____________ is honored as “The Bible of Tea”. The book gives a detailed 2.____________(explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.‎ However, Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3.____________(it). Take green tea for instance, the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius. If the water is too hot，nutrients(营养) in the tea 4.____________(destroy). On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough, the tea ‎ 23‎ ‎5.____________(leaf) won't open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor. So Chinese people are accustomed 6.____________ drinking hot tea. When you visit a Chinese friend, your friend will 7.____________(constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea. It is polite 8.____________(offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course，the guests should pay respect as well, 9.____________(take) the cup with both hands.‎ Talking about adding water to the tea cup, there is 10.____________ saying: Wine full，the full cup. Tea half, half cup. For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness. For tea, the half cup means modesty.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语等。‎ ‎1．[解析]　分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“TheClassicofTea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎2．[解析]　根据空前的“detailed”可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　explanation ‎3．[解析]　句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。‎ ‎[答案]　itself ‎4．[解析]　根据句意可知，主语“nutrients(营养)in the tea”和动词destroy之间为被动关系，根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句，主句用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎[答案]　will be destroyed ‎5．[解析]　根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。‎ ‎[答案]　leaves ‎6．[解析]　be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于……”。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎7．[解析]　空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。‎ ‎[答案]　constantly ‎8．[解析]　该句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj. ＋to do sth.”的固定句武，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎[答案]　to offer ‎9．[解析]　空处作伴随状语，因take与其逻辑主语“the 23‎ ‎ guests”之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎[答案]　taking ‎10．[解析]　该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎[答案]　a Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·云南省高中毕业生复习统一检测)‎ Hello Jack，‎ I have a good news to tell you! A Karaoke party will be held in our School Lecture Hall in February 7, 2018. The party organizing by Student Union of Xinhua Middle School will start at 7：00 p．m. and last for about two hours. Then teachers and students are fond of singing English songs can be welcome to attend the party. I was writing to invite you to the party or expecting to sing an English song together with you. I real hope you will accept my invite if it is convenient for you. Let's enjoy myself. Please write to me back for more informations if you can turn up.‎ I'm looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案]　‎ 23‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2018·烟台适应性测试二)假定你是李华，你校即将举行主题为“Let's go green now”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，要点包括：‎ ‎1．倡导绿色生活的原因；‎ ‎2．实践途径(至少三点)。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Boys and girls，‎ I'm honored to give this 23‎ ‎ speech.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ That's all. Thank you.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Boys_and_girls，‎ I'm_honored_to_give_this_speech. With the development of society and economy，the number of private cars is increasing at a surprising speed. As we all know, cars give off poisonous gas such as carbon dioxide, causing global warming, frequent natural disasters, diseases and so on. In order to protect our environment, it is high time that we should go green.‎ Firstly，we should raise people's awareness of the importance of going green. Secondly，using public transportation or riding bicycles instead of using cars can make a great difference to the problem. What's more, we should take full advantage of water, electricity, paper, food and so on. Last but not least, it is a good idea to classify our rubbish and recycle it in our daily life.‎ That's_all._Thank_you.‎ 23‎