2018-2019学年宁夏银川一中高二上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

2018-2019学年宁夏银川一中高二上学期期末英语试题（解析版）

‎2018-2019学年宁夏银川一中高二（上）期末英语试卷 一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）‎ A My color television has given me nothing but a headache．I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit．I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model．I realized this a day late，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid．The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night．Fortunately，I didn't got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed． Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static （静电） noise．For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial，a loud noise would sound for a few seconds．Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show，and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back．Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound．I actually began to build up my arm muscles shaking my set． When neither of these methods removed the static noise，I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away．At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether．My trip to the repair shop cost me $62，and the set is working well now，but I keep expecting more trouble．‎ 1. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set？ ______ ‎ A. He got an older model than he had expected． B. He couldn't return it when it was broken． C. He could have bought it at a lower price． D. He failed to find any movie shows on it．‎ 2. Which of the following can best replace the phrase"signed off"in Paragraph 1？ ______ ‎ A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies 3. How did the author finally get his TV set working again？ ______ ‎ A. By shaking and hitting it． B. By turning it on and off． C. By switching channels． D. By having it repaired．‎ 4. How does the author sound when telling the story？ ______ ‎ A. Curious B. Anxious C. Cautious D. Humorous ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】D ‎【解析】24-27．CADD 24题答案：C 考查细节推理．根据文章第一段的"I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model．I realized this a day late，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid"（我让一个销售员骗进去买了一台停产的机子．一天之后我意识到了这一点，当我看报纸时发现了一则这台电视机的广告--其售价比我支付的要少75美元）可知本题答案为C选项． 25题答案：A 词义推测题．根据后一句，幸运的是，我不用整晚上看电影了，否则我不能睡觉了，故选A．‎ ‎ 26题答案：D 细节理解题．根据文章最后一段，可知作者修电视机花了62美元，故选D． 27题答案：D 推理判断题．根据开头说：没有电视节目就可以睡觉，中间还说晃动电视来锻炼肌肉，可知作者语调幽默．故选D． 本文作者以幽默的口吻讲述了自己买电视被骗，后来发现电视出现了毛病，自己想办法来应付，而且把晃动电视当作锻炼肌肉；最后当两种方法都行不通时，作者不得已拿去修理的故事． 本文是人生感悟类阅读理解．这类题材是高考常考的内容，它注重考查考生整体理解文章大意的能力，在做题时要结合题干以及上下文做出正确的选择． ‎ B Choose Your One-Day-Tours! Tour A---Bath & Stonehenge：including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge---￡37 until 26 March and￡39 thereafter． Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum，Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5，000 years． Tour B---Oxford & Stratford：including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's---￡32 until 12 March and￡36 thereafter Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges．Look over the"city of dreaming spires（尖顶）"from St Mary's Church Tower． Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder． Tour C---Windsor Castle &Hampton Court：including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace---￡34 until 11 March and￡37 thereafter． Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court，Henry VIII's favorite palace．Free time to visit Windsor Castle （entrance fees not included）．With 500 years of history，Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen．Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction．Visit the palace and its various historic gardens，which include the famous maze（迷宫）where it is easy to get lost! Tour D---Cambridge：including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great---￡33 until 18 March and￡37 thereafter． Includes a guided tour of Cambridge，the famous university town，and the gardens of the 18th century．‎ 1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city？ ______ ‎ A. Tour A B. Tour B C. Tour C D. Tour D 2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March？ ______ ‎ A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court B. Oxford & Stratford C. Bath & Stonehenge D. Cambridge 3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction？ ______ ‎ A. It used to be the home of royal families B. It used to be a well-known maze C. It is the oldest palace in Britain D. It is a world-famous castle ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】A ‎【解析】11．B 细节理解题．根据Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges这句可知，Tour B包括英国最古老的大学城，故选B． 12．D 细节理解题．根据Tour A￡37 until 26 March and￡39 thereafter．；Tour B￡32 until 12 March and￡36 thereafter；Tour C-￡34 until 11 March and￡37 thereafter．以及Tour D-Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great-￡33until 18 March and￡37thereafter可知，Cambridge费用最低，故选D． 13．A 细节理解题．在文章中Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen得知，Hampton Court 在过去曾经是四个国王和一个王后的家，所以现在成了一个主要的景点，故选A． 文章为广告布告类阅读，介绍了四个行程，并介绍了各自的特点． 本文是一个广告布告阅读理解，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据． ‎ C On 7， August， 2015， astronauts aboard the International Space Station （ISS） got to eat a special treat． No， it wasn't a cookie or cake． It was red lettuce they had grown themselves in space． "It was one small bite for man， one giant leap for NASAVEGGIE，" astronaut Scott Kelly wrote on Twitter．（ Kelly based his tweet on the words astronaut Neil Armstrong famously used in 1969， after becoming the first person to ever walk on the moon． "That's one small step for man， one giant leap for mankind，" he said at the time．） "NASAVEGGIE" refers to the ISS's Veggie plant-growth system． It uses special red， blue， and green LED lights to grow plants． The system is a big step toward NASA's goal of developing a way to grow food in space during future long space missions deep into the solar system． Kelly and fellow NASA astronaut Kjell Lindgren prepared the red romaine lettuce like many people do on Earth． They cleaned it， and then mixed it with olive oil and vinegar． Then they gobbled up the leafy red greens． "That's awesome!" Lindgren said after taking a bite． It was the first taste of fresh food the astronauts had had in a long time， since there is no refrigeration on the ISS． They ate half the lettuce． The rest was packaged and frozen so that it could be returned to Earth for testing． Lindgren and Kelly are the only two NASA astronauts currently on the space station． The other crew members are Russian astronauts Gennady Padalka， Mikhail Komienko， and Lleg Kononenko， and Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui． Kelly and Kornienko have been on the ISS since March． They plan to spend 342 days in space， in part to help determine the effects of long-term space travel on astronauts' bodies． They traveled to the ISS with Padalka， who will return to Earth in September． Kelly and Komiendo's job-which will be one of the longest-ever stay in space by astronauts-will help pave the way for future long-term space tasks． NASA plans to send humans to an asteroid by 2025 and to Mars by the 2030s．‎ 1. Why is growing food in space very important？ ______ ‎ A. It is a symbol of scientific development． B. It will help solve the hunger problem ‎ C. Astronauts can get enough nutritious food． D. People plan to go into the deep space．‎ 1. What Kelly said in Para． 2 suggests that ______ ．‎ A. it is a great success to grow fresh food in space B. he respected Neil Armstrong very much C. mankind makes great progress in exploring space D. humans should speed up to land on Mars 2. Who will remain in the ISS until March， 2016？ ______ ‎ A. Padalka and Kononenko． B. Yui and Lindgren． C. Kelly and Kormienko． D. Kelly and Lindgren．‎ 3. What is the main idea of the passage？ ______ ‎ A. Astronauts grow their favorite food in space． B. Astronauts get more fresh food from space． C. Astronauts plant vegetables for a journey to Mars． D. Astronauts eat fresh food grown on the ISS．‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题3】C ‎【小题4】D ‎【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章第三段的句子The system is a big step toward NASA's goal of developing a way to grow food in space during future long space missions deep into the solar system．可知，在太空种植植物很重要，因为人们计划进入深层空间．故选D． 2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第二段的句子That's one small step for man， one giant leap for mankind可知，Kelly说的话表明在太空种植新鲜的食物是很大的成功．故选A． 3．C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的句子On 7， August， 2015， astronauts aboard the International Space Station （ISS） got to eat a special treat．和倒数第二段的They plan to spend 342 days in space， in part to help determine the effects of long-term space travel on astronauts' bodies．可知，Kelly and Kormienko将在国际太空站一直在2016年三月．故选C． 4．D．细节理解题．根据文章第三段的句子NASAVEGGIE" refers to the ISS's Veggie plant-growth system． It uses special red， blue， and green LED lights to grow plants可知，文章主要关于宇航员可以在国际空间站吃新鲜的食物．故选D． 文章主要关于宇航员可以在国际空间站吃新鲜的食物． 阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． ‎ D It is reported that a record-breaking high-speed rail will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south． According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission， the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour（217 mph）． Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island， China's southernmost province． Though the exact length of the proposed route has not been released， it will likely become the world's longest high-speed rail line as the journey by road between Baotou and Haikou is ‎ approximately 3，000 kilometers（1，864 miles） long． Currently， the world's longest high-speed rail line is almost 2，300 kilometers long （1，429 miles）， running from Beijing to Guangzhou． The proposed rail is part of China's aim to create another "Silk Road of the 21st Century" and improve the country's transportation network while driving land development and urbanization（城市化） in some provincial areas． Many of the provinces through which the high-speed trains will travel are near major bodies of water， such as the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi province， the Yangtzi River in Hubei and the South China Sea， where the line would end． It will also take passengers to popular tourist attractions including Zhangjiajie， Xi'an， Guilin and minority areas in western Hunan and Hubei． "The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas， making up for China's long debt to these areas，" Tan yuzhi， professor of the School of Economics and Management at Hubei University for Nationalities， told local media． " The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差异） and solve minority issues．" However， Deng Hongbing， director of China University of Geosciences' Center for Regional Economic and Investment Center， said that if the north-to-south railway is to go ahead， there needs to be a sound ecological program in place to ensure the protection of these underdeveloped and ecologically sensitive areas．‎ 1. What is the passage mainly talking about？ ______ ‎ A. China has decided to invest in the western areas． B. Another high-speed train line is being planned． C. The train will speed up to 350 kilometers per hour． D. China has produced the best high-speed train line．‎ 2. How many provinces will the proposed line cross？ ______ ‎ A. 9． B. 8． C. 7． D. 6．‎ 3. Once the high-speed rain line is built， ______ ．‎ A. It will be the most convenient high-speed rail line in China B. It will benefit the underdeveloped areas a lot in the west C. It will transport goods faster from north to south D. It will do good to the environment alongside the line 4. What is Tan Yuzhi's attitude towards the proposed project？ ______ ‎ A. Ironical B. Doubtful C. Puzzled D. Supportive ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】D ‎【解析】1-4 BCBD 1．B．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了从内蒙古到海南的高铁即将建立，这将会打破高速的记录，这项提议的目的是创建21世纪的丝绸之路，并且改善中国的交通运输网络．故选B． 2． C．细节理解题．根据第二段的内容Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island， China's southernmost province可知，该高铁线共经过7个省份；故选C． 3． B．细节理解题．根据第六段The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas， making up for China's long debt to these areas，可知，一旦这条高铁线建成，对于西部地区的欠发达地区的经济推动是很大的；故选B． ‎ ‎4． D．观点态度题．根据倒数第二段最后一句The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差异） and solve minority issues．可知，这条铁路线能够缩小地区差异解决民族问题，说明他是支持这一政策的；故选D． 从内蒙古到海南的高铁即将建立，这将会打破高速的记录，这项提议的目的是创建21世纪的丝绸之路，并且改善中国的交通运输网络． 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点． ‎ 二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）‎ Sometimes， when considering our own beliefs， we can find it challenging to accept other ways of life and rituals． However， close-mindedness and prejudice（偏见） are not the way to go， especially when there is so much we can learn about other cultures． Learning to accept and respect other cultures is an important step that opens your mind to the world around you and everyone's unique differences． Develop an open mind． Open the doors of your mind to accept what other people believe in． try not to stereotype or brush things off when you haven't actually taken a closer look yet． (1) Take a look at history． The way some civilizations developed can be fascinating! (2) When you start studying， you'll understand how things moved together to form the world we live in today． It's a great piece of knowledge to have， so don't rob yourself of it! There are plenty of books and sites available to fuel your curiosity． Appreciate the way different people fought for what they believed in， even if those beliefs differ from yours． (3) ．Sample some Italian or try your hand at cooking curry． Enjoy different foods and the different way meals are prepared． Don't limit yourself， try everything and smile． Talk to people． (4) It will help you understand that though they may believe and practice different things． That doesn't make them strange or backward． Developing friendships with those from other cultures can be a really great experience． Watching movies from different countries， like Bollywood movies or those on ancient happenings can be eye opening and help you appreciate different societies． If you're into fashion， try sampling different culture's dress and styles (5) If you're having issues with racism and discrimination， try talking to someone to understand why you feel this way． A．Try some new cooking． B．Try doing something magical． C．Try studying about ancient times． D．Learn as much foreign culture as possible． E．Talk with people from different cultures． F．Try to get away from the personal opinions． G．There are lots of magazines available on different fashions．‎ 1. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 2. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 3. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 1. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G 2. ‎ A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】F ‎【小题2】C ‎【小题3】A ‎【小题4】E ‎【小题5】G ‎【解析】1---5FCAEG 1． F．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据前文句子：Open the doors of your mind to accept what other people believe in． try not to stereotype or brush things off when you haven't actually taken a closer look yet． 打开你的思维之门，接受别人的信仰．当你还没有真正仔细观察的时候，不要刻板地刻板印象或拒绝事物．下文应是尽量避开个人意见，所以F选项符合逻辑关系．故选F． 2． C．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据下文句子：When you start studying， you'll understand how things moved together to form the world we live in today． 当你开始研究的时候，你会理解事物是如何一起运动形成我们今天所生活的世界的．可见C选项试着研究古代符合逻辑关系，故选C． 3． A．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据下文句子：Sample some Italian or try your hand at cooking curry． Enjoy different foods and the different way meals are prepared．品尝一些意大利菜或是亲手做咖喱．享受不同的食物和不同的烹饪方法．可见A选项尝尝新菜．符合逻辑关系，故选A． 4． E．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据前文句子：Talk to people，后文句子：It will help you understand that though they may believe and practice different things．这将有助于你理解，尽管他们可能会相信和实践不同的事情．可见E选项与不同文化背景的人交谈．符合上下文逻辑关系，故选E． 5． G．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据前文句子： If you're into fashion， try sampling different culture's dress and styles．如果你喜欢时尚，尝试抽样调查不同文化的服装和风格，可见G选项有很多的杂志可以提供不同款式．符合逻辑关系．故选G． 本文主要向读者介绍如何去发现接受其他的生活方式和仪式． "七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于"考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握．解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词．文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项．这些技巧多练练就能孰能生巧 ‎ 三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）‎ Facebook's CEO Mark Zuckerberg announced on 2Dec． 2015 that he and his wife， Priscilla Chan， plan to donate 99% of their Facebook shares to charity． The money， about £45 billion， will go to causes such as(21)disease， improving education， and helping local communities． According to Zuckerberg， the money is(22)on "advancing human possible ability and improving equality"． Their (23)came in the form of an (24)letter to their newborn daughter， Max． "Your mother and I don't yet have the words to describe the (25)you give us for the future，" the letter started． "Like all parents， we want you to grow up in a world that is (26)than ours today．" Not (27)， the social media CEO believes that technology will play a big role in (28)a better future． "Many of the (29)opportunities for your generation will come from giving everyone access to the Internet． Can we (30)the world so you have access to every idea， person， and opportunity？" ‎ ‎ The couple also sees technology as the (31)to improving education and curing diseases． "You'll have technology that understands how you learn best and(32)you need to focus，" they said． "As technology (33)， we have a real shot at preventing， curing， or managing most of the rest of the (34)in the next 100 years．" In order to put their plan into action， the couple is (35)a new organization which will use money to(36)its goals to help make life better for other people． Zuckerberg and Chan ended their (37)with a message to their daughter and kids around the world． "We love you and feel a great (38)to leave the world a better place (39)you and all children，" the letter concluded． "We can't (40)to see what you bring to this world．"‎ 1. ‎ A. spreading B. having C. fighting D. catching 2. ‎ A. based B. saved C. called D. focused 3. ‎ A. story B. plan C. document D. paper 4. ‎ A. open B. official C. entire D. important 5. ‎ A. reward B. hope C. power D. burden 6. ‎ A. safer B. richer C. better D. harder 7. ‎ A. seriously B. sincerely C. exactly D. surprisingly 8. ‎ A. creating B. considering C. facing D. seeing 9. ‎ A. rarest B. greatest C. smallest D. nicest 10. ‎ A. travel B. control C. connect D. make 11. ‎ A. measure B. tool C. way D. path 12. ‎ A. how B. where C. why D. when 13. ‎ A. survives B. develops C. explodes D. responds 14. ‎ A. concerns B. pains C. diseases D. threats 15. ‎ A. persuading B. devoting C. affecting D. forming 16. ‎ A. achieve B. set C. get D. record 17. ‎ A. speech B. letter C. notice D. message 18. ‎ A. pressure B. regret C. responsibility D. pity 19. ‎ A. in B. at C. with D. for 20. ‎ A. pretend B. afford C. hesitate D. wait ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题4】A ‎【小题5】B ‎【小题6】C ‎【小题7】D ‎【小题8】A ‎【小题9】B ‎【小题10】C ‎【小题11】D ‎【小题12】B ‎【小题13】B ‎【小题14】C ‎【小题15】D ‎【小题16】A ‎【小题17】B ‎【小题18】C ‎【小题19】D ‎【小题20】D ‎【解析】（1）- （5）CDBAB    （6）-（10）CDABC    （11）-（15）DBBCD    （16）-（20）ABCDD 1．C．动词的辨析，spreading传播，having有，fighting斗争，catching抓，Facebook总裁和妻子打算捐赠99%的股份，这些钱将用于对抗疾病，改善教育和帮助当地社区，故答案为C． 2．D．动词的辨析，based以…为基础，saved节省，called叫做，focused专注于，Zuckerberg说这些钱主要用于促进人类可能的能力和提高平等，故答案为D． 3．B．名词的辨析，story故事，plan计划，document文件，paper文件，他们的计划来自于给女儿的一封信中，故答案为B． 4．A．形容词的辨析，open公开的，official官方的，entire整个的，important重要的，此处指他们给刚出生的女儿一封公开的信件，故答案为A． 5．B．名词的辨析， reward奖励，hope希望，power力量，burden 压力，此处指女儿给他们带来的希望，故答案为B． 6．C．形容词的辨析，safer更安全的，richer更富有的，better更好的，harder更困难的，我们想要你生长在一个比我们更好的世界，故答案为C． 7．D．副词的辨析，seriously严重地，sincerely真诚地，exactly确切地，surprisingly令人惊奇地，不出奇地这个社交媒体总裁认为科技在创造更好的未来起着重要的作用，故答案为D． 8．A．动名词的辨析，creating创造，considering考虑，facing面对，seeing看，不出奇地这个社交媒体总裁认为科技在创造更好的未来起着重要的作用，故答案为A． 9．B．形容词的辨析，rarest最罕见的，greatest最伟大的，smallest最小的，nicest最好的，你这一代很多很棒的机会来自于接触互联网，故答案为B． 10．C．动词的辨析，此处指我们能与世界连接，就能和每一个想法、每一个人和每一个机会连接，因此使用connect，故答案为C． 11．D．名词的辨析，measure措施，tool工具，way方法，path道路，此处跟介词to搭配，应使用path，故答案为D． 12．B．疑问词的辨析，how怎样，where哪里，why为什么，when什么时候，你有着科技能让你知道你要专注于什么地方，故答案为B． 13．B．动词的辨析， survives生存，develops发展，explodes爆炸，responds做出反应，随着科技的发展，我们才有希望预防、治疗疾病，故答案为B． 14．C．名词的辨析，根据语境随着科技的发展，我们才有希望在接下来的100年里预防、治疗和对付其余的疾病，因此使用diseases，故答案为C． 15．D．动名词的辨析，persuading说服，devoting致力于，affecting影响，forming形成，为了使他们的计划付诸行动，这对夫妇正在组建一个新的组织，故答案为D． 16．A．动词的辨析，achieve实现，set设置，get获得，record记录，这个组织将使用钱来实现它的目标，故答案为A． 17．B．名词的辨析，根据前文提到Zuckerberg和Chan写了一份信给他们的女儿，因此使用letter，故答案为B． 18．C．名词的辨析，pressure压力，regret懊悔，responsibility责任，pity遗憾，我们觉得有很大的责任要给你创造一个更好的世界，故答案为C． 19．D．介词的辨析，in里面，at在，with随着，for为了，此处指为你和所有的孩子创造一个更好的世界，故答案为D． 20．D．动词的辨析，pretend假装，afford负担得起，hesitate迟疑，wait等，我们等不及要来看你给这个世界带来什么，故答案为D． 短文主要讲了Facebook总裁和妻子打算为刚出生的女儿创造一个更好的世界，他们几乎把所有的财产都捐赠出来，用于对抗疾病，提高人类的平等，让孩子生活在一个更美好的世界． 在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配． ‎ 四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）‎ 1. Our grandparents seem to have magical powers sometimes． Give them a Chinese lunar calendar (1) they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later． What's the secret？ They are following the 24 Solar Terms （节气）， (2) was added on Nov． 30 ，2016 to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity （非物质文化遗产） by the United Nations． It is a knowledge system and social practice (3) （form） through people's observations of the sun's annual movement and its influence on the climate． The ‎ 24 Solar Terms (4) （ come） into being during the Qin and Han (5) （dynasty）． At that time， most Chinese people made their living on farms， so weather changes were (6) （extreme） important for them． But， of course， they had no satellite， Internet or weather broadcast (7) （help） them． (8) these difficulties， they managed to work out 24 Solar Terms by studying the sun's movement and also (9) （ pay） attention to other natural changes such as air temperature， water and crop growth． It is honoured as China's (10) （ five） great invention， after papermaking， printing， the compass and gunpowder． Now， it is still widely used in daily life even in the age of technology- based modern farming．‎ ‎【答案】【小题1】and ‎【小题2】which ‎【小题3】formed ‎【小题4】came ‎【小题5】dynasties ‎【小题6】extremely ‎【小题7】to help ‎【小题8】Despite ‎【小题9】paying ‎【小题10】fifth ‎【解析】1． and，考查连词，给他们一份中国农历，他们就会知道几天甚至几个月后的天气怎么样．使用：祈使句+and/or+简单句的句型．故填and． 2． which，考查非限制性定语从句，引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，修饰the 24 Solar Terms（节气）．故填which． 3． formed，考查过去分词，使用非谓语动词作定语修饰a knowledge system and social practice，a knowledge system and social practice和form是被动关系．故填formed． 4．came，考查时态，这句话的时间是during the Qin and Han用一般过去时．故填came． 5． dynasties，考查名词的数，是可数名词，因为是秦朝和汉朝，用复数．故填dynasties． 6．extremely，考查副词，修饰形容词important，用副词．故填extremely． 7．to help，考查不定式，使用have sth to do的搭配，不定式作定语．故填to help． 8．Despite，考查句意，虽然有这些困难，他们还是成功地制定了24节气．这里需要介词，表示转折的介词是despite．故填Despite． 9．paying，考查动名词，和studying并列作by的宾语用动名词．故填paying． 10．fifth，考查序数词，它被誉为中国第五大发明．使用序数词，故填fifth． 文章介绍中国的24节气被增加到人类非物资文化遗产的名录中，介绍24节气的由来和重要性． 本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识． ‎ 五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）‎ 1. 下面短文中有10处语言错误．请在有错误的地方增加、删减或修改某个单词． 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧‎ ‎），并在其下面写上该加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉． 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词． 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分． When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late．Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we'd greet het at the door．He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us，Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers．While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge．It was both excited and frightening to be up there！ My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there．‎ ‎【答案】When I was a very young  children，my father created a regular practice I r                          child emember well years  late．Every time he arrived home at∧end of the day，                   later                              the we'd greet  herat the door．He would ask who we  was and pretend not to  knowing              him                                 were                      know us，Then he and my mother would have  had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers．While they  chat，my father would lift my sister and                                  chatted       me up to sit  in the top of the fridge．It was both  excited and frightening to be up there！              on                                   exciting My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there． 【解析】 第一行：children→child，I是单数，因此对应的child需用单数形式，因此改为child． 第二行：late→later，此处需用时间副词作后置定语，因此用later，而不是形容词late．         at end of the day加上the，at the end of the day 固定表达，在一天快要结束的时候． 第三行：her→him，这是个并列句，前面一句的主语为he，后面对应的人称代词宾格应为him．        was→were，we对应的be动词过去式为were．        knowing→know，此处为不定式 to know． 第四行：去掉had，此处是一般过去时，对过去事情的一般描述，will的过去式为would，后加动词原形，因此去掉had． 第五行：chat→chatted，此处是对过去事情的一般描述，需用一般过去时，chat的过去式为chatted，注意需双写t． 第六行：in→on，方位介词使用错误，表示"坐在…上"，应为on．        excited→exciting，用来评价事物本身怎么样，用形容词-ing形式，而不是-ed形式．‎ ‎【解析】改错题要注意代词，连词以及词性、人称的转化． 做好短文改错题，可以从以下三方面去考虑：1‎ ‎．快速阅读短文，如抓住中心思想，从整体上对短文有个了解． 2．充分运用语言的基础知识，从句型结构、词的变化、词类选择、词的搭配、习惯用法出发，进行分析判断，尽快找出错误在何处． 3．重视整体和语境，从上下文关系中找出表达连接关系或逻辑关系的词或词组，判断是递进关系还是转折关系，是因果关系还是让步关系． 考生在做题时需理清文章的事理，注意词性、语态、时态的转换，分析句子结构． ‎ 六、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）‎ sweep up； on special occasion； make room for； make one's way to； make sense； lose sight of； back on one's feet； take up 1. We had to move the furniture to ______ the piano．‎ She doesn't talk much， but what she says ______ ．‎ I have a suit but I only wear it ______ ．‎ I ______ him but could still hear his footsteps．‎ Jane was ______ the bits of paper and broken glass when I left．‎ John had studied French for a year before he ______ Spanish．‎ ‎【答案】【小题1】make room for ‎【小题2】makes sense ‎【小题3】on special occasions ‎【小题4】lost sight of ‎【小题5】sweeping up ‎【小题6】took up ‎【解析】1． make room for，考查句意，根据句意"我们不得不移动家具为钢琴腾出地方"，可知要填的词为"make room for为…让空 "，不定式作目的状语． 2． makes sense，考查句意，根据句意"她不怎么说话，但她说的话很有道理"，可知要填的词为"make sense有道理"，句子作主语，所以用第三人称单数谓语． 3． on special occasions ，考查句意，根据句意"我有一套西装，但我只在特殊场合穿"，可知要填的词为"on special occasion在特殊的场合"，用复数泛指一类． 4．lost sight of，考查句意，根据句意"我看不见他，但仍能听见他的脚步声"，可知要填的词为"lose sight of看不见"，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态． 5． sweeping up，考查句意，根据句意" 我走的时候，简正在清扫碎纸和碎玻璃"，可知要填的词为"sweep up清扫"，用现在分词和was构成现在进行时态． 6． took up ，考查句意，根据句意" 约翰学法语一年后才开始学西班牙语"，可知要填的词为"take up开始做"，根据主句的时态，可知用一般过去时态． 1．我们不得不移动家具为钢琴腾出地方． 2．她不怎么说话，但她说的话很有道理． 3．我有一套西装，但我只在特殊场合穿． 4．我看不见他，但仍能听见他的脚步声． 5．我走的时候，简正在清扫碎纸和碎玻璃． 6．约翰学法语一年后才开始学西班牙语． 如何做选词填空 1．根据语法，判断词性    一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围． 2．利用语境，确定词形     ‎ 当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等． ‎ 七、单词拼写-单句（本大题共8小题，共4.0分）‎ 1. The soldiers marched along， s______ their arms．‎ ‎【答案】winging ‎【解析】答案：swinging．考查首字母填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，soldiers与swing之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作状语． 士兵们挥动手臂向前行进． 考查首字母填空．准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 2. Stop looking for the perfect job；  it's just a f______．‎ ‎【答案】antasy ‎【解析】答案：fantasy．考查首字母填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入fantasy，不定冠词a后接单数可数名词． 别想找十全十美的工作了；那简直是幻想． 考查首字母填空．准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 3. We r______ his idea for a music club， and decided to have an art club instead．‎ ‎【答案】ejected ‎【解析】答案：rejected．考查首字母填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，根据下文中的decided要用一般过去时态． 我们拒绝了他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部． 考查首字母填空．准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 4. The student a______ the difficult task in less than ten minutes， which surprised us all．‎ ‎【答案】ccomplished ‎【解析】答案：accomplished．考查首字母填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，根据下文中的surprised要用一般过去时态． 那个学生在不到十分钟内就完成了那个艰巨的任务，这使我们很吃惊． 考查首字母填空．准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 5. The policy was unpopular and caused lots of______ （矛盾） within the party．‎ ‎【答案】conflicts ‎【解析】答案：conflicts 考查名词．根据所给的汉语提示"矛盾"和空前的介词of可知，此处应用名词形式，"矛盾"的英语是conflict是可数名词，结合空前的lots of可知应用复数，故填conflicts． 这项政策不受欢迎，在党内引起了许多冲突． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． ‎ 6. You'll need some cash in local c______ but you can also use your credit card．‎ ‎【答案】urrency ‎【解析】答案：currency．考查首字母填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入currency，介词后接名词作宾语． 你将需要一些当地的货币现金，但也可使用信用卡． 考查首字母填空．准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 1. The President says he is______ （乐观的） that an agreement can be worked out soon．‎ ‎【答案】optimistic ‎【解析】答案：optimistic 考查形容词．根据所给的汉语提示"乐观的"和空前的系动词is可知，此处应用形容词与系动词构成系表结构作谓语，"乐观的"的英语是optimistic，例如：I know he is too optimistic but I don't want to depress him． 我知道他太过乐观了，但我不想令他灰心丧气．故填optimistic． 总统说，他对尽快达成协议持乐观态度． 翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化． ‎ 2. We'll see how this schedule works，then we'll make______（调整）as necessary．‎ ‎【答案】adjustments ‎【解析】答案：adjustments．考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入名词，make是及物动词，后接名词作宾语．adjustment是可数名词，根据语境要用复数形式． 我们将看这个进度表是怎样起作用的，然后根据需要作调整． 考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺． ‎ 八、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）‎ 3. 随着经济的飞速发展，到了2050年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题，科学家们发明了一种家用机器人．请以"The Robot in the future"为题写一篇短文．内容要点： 1．做饭 2．陪伴 3．应对紧急状况 注意： 1．词数为100词左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 参考词汇：突出的prominent ‎【答案】The robot in the future With the rapid development of economy ， people have to face various pressures．They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family， which has become a prominent problem．【高分句型一】（照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题） To solve the problem， scientists have invented the household robot， which is designed to take care of the old． It can cook meals at a fixed time that can be adjusted according to individual needs．【高分句型二】 It can also accompany the old in having a chat ，playing chess and doing exercise． Moreover， it can deal with emergencies． For example， if an old man falls ill suddenly ， the robot will call for help immediately ‎．（家用机器人的作用） Such is the robot in the future．（总结）‎ ‎【解析】高分句型 1．They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family， which has become a prominent problem． 代指主句They don't have enough time to attend to the old in their family，关系词 which 引导非限制性定语从句has become a prominent problem． 他们没有足够的时间照顾家里的老人，这已成为一个突出的问题． 2．It can cook meals at a fixed time that can be adjusted according to individual needs． 代指先行词a fixed time，关系词 that引导定语从句 can be adjusted according to individual needs． 它可以在固定的时间做饭，可以根据个人需要进行调整． 试题分析：先读提示，要点与格式要弄清；时态语态要当心，前后呼应要一致，结构搭配莫违背；文章写好细检查，点滴小错别忽视．学生在明确目的和掌握要领后，要严格按照规定的时间去完成作文训练任务．最后要检查（1）要点是否齐全，有无遗漏．（2）内容是否连贯，有无缺词．（3）语法是否正确，人称、时态、语态、名词单复数等有无错误．（4）用词是否得当，有无习语及固定搭配等方面的错误．这里是考生熟悉的书信格式． ‎