2018-2019学年河北省唐山市高二上学期期末考试（A卷）英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年河北省唐山市高二上学期期末考试（A卷）英语试题 解析版

唐山市2018-2019学年度高二年级第一学期期末考试 英语试卷 注意事项:‎ 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第1卷1至8页。第11卷9至12页。共150分。考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。‎ ‎2.听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。非选择题答在第卷上。‎ ‎3.第Ⅱ卷答案一律写在试卷上。交卷时只交答题卡和第Ⅱ卷。‎ 第I卷(共82.5分)‎ 第一部分：听力(共三节，满分30分)‎ 听力分为选择题和非选择题两部分。选择题为第1至15题;非选择题为第51至5题。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the woman do tonight?‎ A. Go to the party. B. Go out with Kate. C. Go to bed early.‎ ‎2. What can we say about the woman?‎ A. She is curious. B. She is considerate. C. She is generous.‎ ‎3. What time is it now?‎ A.3:30. B.5:30. C.7:30.‎ ‎4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Classmates. B. Neighbors. C. Colleagues.‎ ‎5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In a hospital. B. In a school. C. In a laboratory.‎ 第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。‎ ‎6. Where does the woman suggest the man going?‎ A. Big Ben. B. British Museum. C. St Paul's Cathedral.‎ ‎7. When is the man advised to travel there?‎ A. In June. B. In November. C. In December.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。‎ ‎8. Why was the man so happy?‎ A. He was employed by the company.‎ B. He went into the interview.‎ C. He found the training class.‎ ‎9. What is the most important for a successful interview?‎ A. Being friendly.‎ B. Being yourself.‎ C. Being well-dressed.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。‎ ‎10. What does the man think of the homework?‎ A. It is hard. B. It is easy. C. It is messy.‎ ‎11. What is the woman going to do that afternoon?‎ A. Go skating.‎ B. Buy a piece of cake.‎ C. Finish the homework.‎ ‎12. How often do the boys do the cleaning?‎ A. Every three days.‎ B. Every three weeks.‎ C. Every three months.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至第15题。‎ ‎13. What do the speakers mainly talk about?‎ A.A zoo. B. A hotel. C. A robot.‎ ‎14. How can you book a hotel in Hangzhou?‎ A. Through app.‎ B. By scanning faces.‎ C. By telephone call.‎ ‎15. How does the woman sound at the end of the conversation?‎ A. Humorous. B. Nervous. C. Curious.‎ 第三节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听第10段材料，根据你所听到的内容，在表格中第51至第55小题的空格里填上适当的单词，使信息完整。每空填一个词。(注意： 本题在第Ⅱ卷上)‎ 第二部分：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分， 满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was a foggy day. My daughter Carolyn had insisted I come to see something at the top of the mountain, but I had ___1___ desire to drive up the mountain road to her house.‎ However, here I was, unhappy for the two-hour ___2___ through fog. By the time I saw how ___3___ it was, I'd gone too far to turn back. “ ___4___ could be worth this”, I said to myself as I ___5___ forward.‎ ‎“I'll stay for lunch, but I'm ___6___ back before the fog lifts," I announced as soon as I arrived. “But could you drive me to the ___7___ , Mom? Or I drive—I'm used to it. "Carolyn begged. I was ___8___ finally. Ten minutes later we were on the mountain top. We ___9___ the car and got out. As we walked along a path with huge pines (松树) towering over us, the peace of the place began to ___10___ my mind gradually. Then we turned a comer, and I stopped in ___11___ . From the top of the mountain were ___12___ of various beautiful flowers in blossom running down and across the valleys! And western bluebirds played happily over the heads of them!‎ Who ___13___ such beauty? Why? How? Then I saw a sign, ___14___ ,“ One Woman—Two Hands and Two Feet; One at a Time; Started in 1978."I was so ___15___ by what we had seen that I could hardly speak for a while. Then I said, “When she started it was just the beginning of a(n) ‎ ‎___16___ ,but she kept at it for 40 years. And she made it ___17___ .She changed the world, one at a time!”‎ ‎“If I'd had such an idea and ___18___ at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have ___19___ ?"I asked myself. Carolyn looked at me, smiling. "Start tomorrow," she said. “Better yet, ___20___ today.”‎ ‎1. A. some B. any. C. no D. much ‎2. A. wait B. walk C. attempt D. journey ‎3. A. clear B. thick C. dark D. bright ‎4. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Everything D. Something ‎5. A. hurried B. marched C. inched D. climbed ‎6. A. heading B. coming C. moving D. looking ‎7. A. garage B. house C. top D. garden ‎8. A. told B. understood C. assisted D. persuaded ‎9. A. examined B. parked C. followed D. took ‎10. A. cross B. read C. change D. fill ‎11. A. surprise B. panic C. anger D. sorrow ‎12. A. markets B. bunches C. piles D. rivers ‎13. A. discovered B. created C. recovered D. changed ‎14. A. reading B. writing C. sharing D. printing ‎15. A. amused B. disappointed C. touched D. discouraged ‎16. A. question B. idea. C. promise D. struggle ‎17. A. casually B. instantly C. eventually D. normally ‎18. A. jumped B. worked C. grasped D. stared ‎19. A. achieved B. scored C. planted D. saved ‎20. A. calm B. seek C. quit D. start ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D ‎ ‎ 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。作者在女儿的坚持，不情愿地开车送她到山顶。在山顶被女儿创造的美景所感动，同时也被女儿的行为所感动，所激励。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. some一些； B. any一些；C. no没有；D. much许多的，大量的。根据转折连词but，可知前后两句是相反的。根据前一句“我女儿卡罗琳坚持要我去山顶看看”，可知“但我不想但我不想沿山路开车到她家”。“have desire to do …为固定搭配，意为“有做…的渴望”，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. wait等候；B. walk菜点；C. attempt试图；D. journey旅行，行程。根据第一段的内容可知，作者想去女儿住的山顶去，所以，对于在雾中去山顶的两个小时的行程（journey）感到不快，故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. clear清楚的；B. thick厚的，浓的；C. dark黑色的；D. bright明亮的。根据语境可知，当我看到雾浓（thick）的时候，我已经走得太远了，不能回头了。故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查不定代词。A. Nothing 没有东西，无关紧要的；B. Anything 任何东西（用于否定句、疑问句）；C. Everything每件事物，最重要的东西；D. Something某些东西。根据前面的“I had no_1_to drive up the mountain road to her house.”可知，作者一开始不想去，所以他认为在大雾天去那儿没什么（nothing）值得这样做。分析选项可知A符合语境，故选B ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. hurried匆忙；B. marched先进；C. inched使缓慢地移动；D. climbed爬。前面说雾很大，又是上山，因此只能是缓慢地（inched）前行，故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. heading前往，出发；B. coming来；C. moving移动；D. looking看。此处是说“我会留下吃午饭，但我要在雾散去之前回去”，故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. garage车库；B. house 房子；C. top顶部；D. garden 花园。根据第一段“My daughter Carolyn had insisted I come to see something at the top of the mountain”及第9小题后“Ten minutes later we were on the mountain top”可知，女儿请求作者能开车送她到山顶（top）。故选C。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. told 告诉；B. understood理解，懂得；C. assisted帮助；D. persuaded说服。根据“Ten minutes later we were on the mountain top.”可知，作者最后被女儿说服（persuaded）了，故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. examined检查；B. parked停车；C. followed听从，跟着；D. took拿。根据语境可知，作者把车停（parked）下来。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. cross穿过；B. read读；C. change改变，变化；D. fill完成，填满。句意：当我们沿着一条长满高大松树的小路走着时，这个地方的宁静开始逐渐充满（fill）了我的脑海。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. surprise 惊讶；B. panic恐慌；C. anger生气；D. sorrow痛苦。句意：然后我们转过一个拐角，我惊奇地（in surprise）停了下来。根据后面的“___12___ of various beautiful flowers in blossom running down and across the valleys!”可推断出：看到这种美景让我很是惊讶（surprise），故选A。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. markets 市场；B. bunches束，群；C. piles堆；D. rivers河流。根据“running down and across the valleys!”分析选项可知，只有河流（rivers）可从山顶奔流而下，故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. discovered发现；B. created创造；C. recovered恢复；D. changed变化，改变。根据下文的内容可知，此时的作者最想知道的是“谁创造了这样的美景？”分析选项可知B符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. reading读，显示；B. writing写；C. sharing分享；D. printing印制。然后我看到一个牌子，上面写着即“显示”（reading ‎）：“一个女人用两只手两只脚，一次一棵，始于1978年。”故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. amused使人发笑的；B. disappointed使失望的；C. touched受感动的；D. discouraged沮丧的，气馁的。根据“_15_by what we had seen that I could hardly speak for a while.”由后面的内容，看见这一切，我说不出话来，可知“作者被自己所见的一切感动（touched），一时说不出话来，故选C。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. question问题；B. idea想法，点子；C. promise诺言；D. struggle斗争，挣扎。根据最后一段的第一段“If I'd had such an idea and worked at it,…”可知，此处是指“当她开始做的时候，这只是一个想法的开始（idea），但她坚持了40年”。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. casually偶然地，无意地；B. instantly立即，马上；C. eventually 最终，最后；D. normally正常地。此处是指“她最终（eventually）成功了。她改变了世界”，故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. jumped 跳；B. worked工作；C. grasped 抓住，了角；D. stared凝视。此处是指“如果我有这样一个想法，并且每天努力做（worked）一点点，…”，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. achieved 实现，取得；B. scored得分，评分； C. planted种植；D. saved挽救，拯救。此处是指作者问自己“如果我有这样一个想法，并且每天都在努力，我会取得什么成就？”，故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. calm (使)平静；B. seek寻找，探寻；C. quit放弃，辞职；D. start开始，启动。根据上一句"Start tomorrow" 可知，此处是指“从现在开始（start）”，故选D。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)‎ 第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Winter Camps from Pacific Science Center January 26-28 (3-day week) at Pacific Science Center Cost: $240, or $220 for PacSci Members Camps run from 8:‎45 a.m. -3:30 p.m. daily Smartest Artists (Grades K-1)‎ Color! Sparkle! Dazzling light! Explore the excitement of science and the beauty of nature to uncover your creative genius. While producing unique and original pieces of art, discover the science behind your work. Make a kaleidoscope to discover the mysteries of reflection.‎ Lab Wizards (Grades 2-3)‎ Abracadabra! Unlock the secrets of the wizarding world as you discover the science of real life magic. Explore chemistry as your teacher teaches you how to double boil a chocolate frog and discover the secret powers of eatable plants. Do you dare to try a worm-flavored candy? Make your own magical treats to share with your family.‎ Messy Science (Grades 4-5)‎ Prepare yourself for the messiest science that you have ever seen! Make soda rain from the sky, paint with bubbles, and test how far you can throw water balloons without them breaking. If it's wet, sticky, smelly or dirty, we'll find an experiment to get you elbow deep in the science of dirt.‎ Exhibit Design (Grades 6-8)‎ Now's your chance to create your own Science Center exhibit! A successful exhibit begins with a cool idea and requires careful planning with a balance of graphics, science content and hands-on materials. Meet an exhibit designer and tour our exhibits behind-the-scenes. Then, work with a team to design, build and display an exhibit model to burn curiosity about your big idea.‎ For more information or registration, please visit our website http://wintercamps.org.‎ ‎21. How much should a member of PacSci and four non-members pay for the camp?‎ A. $1200. B. $1120.‎ C. $1180. D. $ 1100.‎ ‎22. In which camp can you try the worm-flavored sweets?‎ A. Smartest Artists. B. Lab Wizards.‎ C. Messy Science. D. Exhibit Design.‎ ‎23. From which is the text probably taken?‎ A. A biology textbook. B. A science magazine.‎ C. An Internet web page. D. A newspaper advertisement.‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为应用文。文中的四个广告。主要介绍了针对不同年龄段的孩子开设的科学体验。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一个广告“Winter Camps from Pacific Science Center”中的“Cost: $240, or $220 for PacSci Members”可知，会员价为220，非会员价为240。因此220+240x4=1100，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据“Lab Wizards (Grades 2-3)”中的“Do you dare to try a worm-flavored candy?”可知，选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。以及最后“For more information or registration, please visit our website http://wintercamps.org.” 有关更多信息或注册信息，请访问我们的网站http://wintercamps.org。因此本文可能会在网络上，分析选项A biology textbook. 生物教科书；B. A science magazine. 科学杂志；C. An Internet web page互联网网页；D. A newspaper advertisement. 报纸广告。分析选项可知C符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】新闻广告类材料是中考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，双注重推理判断题的考查。题目设置相对较易。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。在阅读时要特殊留意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示或是小标题等，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分关键性内容的概括。‎ 如第1小题，题目中的“1. How much should a member of PacSci and four non-members pay for the camp?”中的名词“a member of PacSci”直接跳到第一个广告“Winter Camps from Pacific Science Center”中的“Cost: $240, or $220 for PacSci Members”可知，会员价为220，非会员价为240。因此220+240x4=1100，故选C。第2小题，带着问题“In which camp can ‎ you try the worm-flavored sweets?”只要跳到“Lab Wizards (Grades 2-3)”就可发现答案在“Do you dare to try a worm-flavored candy?”，由此可知，答案选B。‎ B My mother, a nurse at Stony Brook University Hospital, worked at night so that she could come home in time to send me to school. She'd sleep during the day and be ready when we returned home before heading out again in the evening. This went on for 23 years. She never complained (抱怨). No matter how tired she was, she always had enough energy to be my mom.‎ She often had to work on Christmas, Christmas Eve or New Year's Eve, and sometimes Thanksgiving, which made me upset. However, before holidays she always decorated the inside and outside of our house. She'd also have cookies baking in the oven, a holiday-themed movie in the VCR, and music playing throughout our house for us. But when it was time to go to work, there was no room for debate. “Why do you have to work on this day of all days?" I'd ask sadly. "They need me, too, dear son," she'd respond, compassion (同情) in her tone.‎ For a long time I didn't understand why she should care so much about those sick strangers. Recently, as my grandmother became ill, I found myself spending more time in hospitals. The scenes I saw in the hospital made me see the different side of my mother. The nurses checked heart, blood and oxygen levels, made sure patients were comfortable. They lifted patients in and out of bed and helped them to the bathroom. Beyond their duties, the nurses displayed consideration for each patient.‎ What I saw helped me to understand why my mother was devoted to her occupation. I was filled with more admiration for my mother.‎ ‎24. Why did the author's mother work in the evening?‎ A. To take him to school. B. To enjoy a movie.‎ C. To decorate their house. D. To sleep during the day.‎ ‎25. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?‎ A. The mother loved her patients more than her kids.‎ B. Nurses are paid double salary working on holidays.‎ C. The author wished his mother could stay home on holidays.‎ D. Only people with mercy on patients will make good nurses.‎ ‎26. The author really understood his mother's work when___________.‎ A. he asked his mother to stay with him during holidays B. he looked after his sick grandma in hospital C. he saw how tired his mother was after work D. he helped patients to the bathroom ‎27. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Children of nurses are often dissatisfied with their mothers.‎ B. Nurses are particularly busy at work during holidays.‎ C. The author gained a new appreciation of his mother.‎ D. The author's mother liked doing housework.‎ ‎【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为故事。作者的妈妈为了能接送作者上学，上夜班。作为一名护士，她在节假日要上班，这让作者非常难过，也对妈妈不理解。但当自己的祖母病了，在医院的所见所闻让他理解了作为护士的妈妈，从而对妈妈更加钦佩了。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“worked at night so that she could come home in time to send me to school.”可知，妈妈晚上工作，这样她能及时回家送“我”上学。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第二段“She often had to work on Christmas, Christmas Eve or New Year's Eve, and sometimes Thanksgiving, which made me upset”和“But when it was time to go to work, there was no room for debate. ‘Why do you have to work on this day of all days?’ I'd ask sadly.‘They need me, too, dear son,’she'd respond, compassion in her tone.”描述了作者的妈妈在假期或节日要上班，这让作者很难过。可知，作者想让妈妈在假期呆在家里陪他，故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容“For a long time I didn't understand why she should care so much about those sick strangers. Recently, as my grandmother became ill, I found myself spending more time in hospitals….”以及“What I saw helped me to understand why my mother was devoted to her occupation.‎ ‎”可知，当作者的祖母病了，在医院的所见所闻，我才理解了妈妈。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者的妈妈为了能接送作者上学，只上夜班。作为一名护士，她在节假日要上班，这让作者非常难过，也对妈妈不理解。但当自己的祖母病了，在医院的所见所闻让他理解了作为护士的妈妈，从而对妈妈更加钦佩了。本文的主旨在最后一段“I was filled with more admiration for my mother”。分析选项可知C。‎ ‎【点睛】每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。如第4小题，本文主要介绍了作者的妈妈为了能接送作者上学，只上夜班。作为一名护士，她在节假日要上班，这让作者非常难过，也对妈妈不理解。但当自己的祖母病了，在医院的所见所闻让我理解了作为护士的妈妈，从而对妈妈更加钦佩了。本文的主旨在最后一段“I was filled with more admiration for my mother”。分析选项可知C。‎ 找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。‎ C A global analysis of Earth's threatened and endangered species has changed our scientific understanding about how much climate change is affecting wildlife.‎ The research, published Monday in the journal Nature Climate Change, shows that 47 percent of mammals and 23 percent of birds have been negatively affected by our changing planet. Those figures are shockingly larger than previous assessments, which have shown 7 percent of mammals and 4 percent of birds were affected. Of the 873 mammal species looked at, 414 are hurt by climate change. For threatened birds, 298 of 1,272 species are experiencing negative effects, according to the findings.‎ However, a new study follows the analysis of threatened wildlife shows that the biggest threat to wildlife is not climate change, which gets a lot of attention, but human activities, including logging (伐木), hunting and farming. Today, three-quarters of Earth's land surface faces “human pressure", according to a global analysis professor Watson carried out in August.‎ When it comes to the effects of human activities on wildlife, Watson said, most studies look at what might happen to a population in the future, perhaps 50 or 100 years down the line. The ‎ problem with such forecasts is that they are absolutely unhelpful for the here and now.‎ ‎“Nature is extremely resilient (能复原的) if you give it a chance," Watson said. “But the big thing is acting now, not in 20 to 50 years' time. Not make climate change and“human pressure" a future threat, but take action now. Because every day, every minute, which you delay, you lose those opportunities."‎ ‎28. What has been found about the effects of climate change according to the passage?‎ A. Human activities are suffering severe disaster due to the climate change.‎ B. The species affected by climate change are more than people thought.‎ C. More than half of the mammal species were affected by climate change.‎ D. Three-quarters of Earth's land surface has been damaged by climate change.‎ ‎29. What does the underlined “they" refer to?‎ A. Human activities. B. Negative effects.‎ C. Assessments. D. Forecasts.‎ ‎30. What's the attitude of Watson towards the recovery of the environment?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Pessimistic.‎ C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.‎ ‎【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为应用文。对全球濒危物种的分析使我们认识到，受气候变化影响的物种远比我们想象的要大的多。如果我们给自然时间和机会，大自然能自我修复的。但重要的是我们现在就开始行动，不能拖延，否则就会失去机会的。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段“A global analysis of Earth's threatened and endangered species has changed our scientific understanding about how much climate change is affecting wildlife.”以及第二段中的“Those figures are shockingly larger than previous assessments, which have shown 7 percent of mammals and 4 percent of birds were affected”可推断出，受气候变化影响的物种比人们想象的要大的多。分析选项可知B项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“沃森说，谈到人类活动对野生动物的影响时，大多数研究着眼于未来可能发生在一个种群身上的事情，可能是50或100年后的事情。”尤其是“The problem with such forecasts is that they are absolutely unhelpful for the here and now.”这些预测的问题在于，它们对现在和现在都是毫无帮助的。由此可知，这儿的“they”指的是所说的预测。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文中的最后一段，沃森说：“如果你给大自然一个机会，它是能自我修复的。”但重要的是现在就开始行动，而不是20到50年后。不是让气候变化和“人类压力”成为未来的威胁，而是现在就采取行动。因为每一天，每一分钟，如果你拖延，你就会失去那些机会。由此可推断出作者对环境的恢复持乐观态度。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】一篇好的文章，其用词风格常常直接流露或蕴含作者的内心世界和情感态度。所以阅读时要善于捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词句或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛，渲染情感的词句，推断出作者的情感态度。如第3小题，根据文中的最后一段，沃森说：“如果你给大自然一个机会，它是能自我修复的。”但重要的是现在就开始行动，而不是20到50年后。不是让气候变化和“人类压力”成为未来的威胁，而是现在就采取行动。因为每一天，每一分钟，如果你拖延，你就会失去那些机会。由此可推断出作者对环境的恢复持乐观态度。故选A。‎ 推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。‎ 第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 阅读下面短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(注意: 选E涂AB；选F涂AC；选G涂AD)‎ Emergencies can happen anytime, anywhere, so being prepared for one is important for you and your family. ___31___ Sure, you can buy ready-made first aid kits (急救箱) in the store, but it is also easy to make your own.‎ Pick a good container.‎ You can buy pre-filled first aid kits, and you can also buy empty first aid kit containers. One good option is a large, translucent (半透明的), or flexible plastic container. ___32___ It should be easy to transport as needed to the emergency, so a handle is ideal.‎ ‎___33___‎ When your child is crying about injuries on her knee, you don't want your home kit buried on the back of a closet or lost because it's not being returned to the same spot after each use.‎ Teach your family about the kit.‎ Make sure everyone in your home who is old enough to understand the function of a first aid kit knows its location and when to fetch it. For younger children, teach them where it is located, so they could show a visitor, relative, babysitter, etc. But place the kit in a location where small children can't access it, such as on a high shelf. ___34___‎ Keep your kit up-to-date.‎ No one wants to fetch a first aid kit and find the bandage box empty or the pain relievers expired (过期的). ___35___‎ Work with your doctor to determine what medicine should be included. Also include the physician's phone number and any important patient information.‎ A. Make your kit safely accessible.‎ B. Treat the kid's knee injuries with the kit.‎ C. This makes the materials inside visible.‎ D. Let small children know how to use the kit.‎ E. Keep track of supply amounts and expiration dates regularly.‎ F. For older children and adults, instruct them on when and how to use the kit.‎ G. Therefore, having a first aid kit is an essential part of good emergency preparation.‎ ‎【答案】31. G 32. C ‎ ‎33. A 34. F ‎ ‎35. E ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用文。为了防止意外紧急情况的出现，拥有急救箱是良好应急准备的重要组成部分。急救箱的选择最好是透明的，使里面的物品清楚可见；确保箱中的物品是安全可用的；要教会家人使用急救箱；还要保证急救箱内的物品齐全，而且要不断地更新，是在有效期的。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“任何时候、任何地方都可能发生紧急情况，因此做好准备对你和你的家人来说都很重要”及空后的下一句“当然，你可以在商店里买到现成的急救箱”可知，对于紧急情况下，对家人来说拥有急救箱是良好应急准备的重要组成部分。分析选项可知G项符合题意，故选G。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上一句“You can buy pre-filled first aid kits, and you can also buy empty first aid kit containers. One good option is a large, translucent (半透明的), or flexible plastic container.”及下一句“It should be easy to transport as needed to the emergency, so a handle is ideal.”选择做急救箱时，最好选择一个大的，半透明的，或灵活的塑料容器。这样里面的材料可见，易于使用。分析选项可知C项（这使得里面的材料可见）符合题意。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本小题是下面一段的主旨。分析下面一段可知，主要叙述当出现紧急情况，药箱要容易找到，而不是不见了或找不到了。分析选项可知A项（确保您的工具包安全可供使用）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本小题所在段的主旨大意为“Teach your family about the kit.”教你的每一个家人使用这个急救箱。以及本段前面说的对于“For younger children, teach them…”.分析选项可知，F项（对于年龄较大的儿童和成年人，要指导他们如何使用工具包）。符合题意，故选F项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据本题的主题句“Keep your kit up-to-date” 及“No one wants to fetch a first aid kit and find the bandage box empty or the pain relievers expired”可知要定期更新急救箱的物品不过期，要充实物品。分析选项可知E项（定期检查物品数量及物品的有效期）符合题意，故选F项 第II卷(共67.5分)‎ 听力:非选择题部分(共5小题。每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ Southeast snowstorm hit America Event As much as 51_______ inches of snow fell.‎ Damage Drivers slipped off the roads.‎ Heavy ice and snow52.________ trees to fall.‎ Airlines were forced to be canceled.‎ Customers across the Southeast are without 53_______.‎ Rescue There are 700 trucks 54. _______to start.‎ The manager said it could take 55. _______before all the lights come back on.‎ 第四部分：填空(共三节，满分30分)‎ 第一节:单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空只写一词)‎ ‎36. The long jump and high jump can___________(增 强) your legs.‎ ‎37. I think one problem is that the air is badly___________（污染）‎ ‎38. How did your___________ (以前的) employers treat you?‎ ‎39. Becoming a member of a society means___________ (采纳) its values.‎ ‎40. It is sill too early to reach a___________ (结 论) on this point.‎ ‎【答案】36. strengthen ‎ ‎37. polluted ‎ ‎38. previous ‎ ‎39. adopting ‎ ‎40. conclusion ‎【解析】‎ 本大题为用所给短语的正确形式填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据句子的意思来判断所给词在句中的时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：跳远和跳高可以使你的腿变强壮。分析句子可知，本空跟在情态动词can后，情态动词后要用动词原形，而strengthen后有宾语leg，因此要用主动语态，故填strengthen。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：我认为空气污染严重是一个问题。分析句子可知，pollute与主语the air 是被动关系，即空气是被污染的，要用被动，故填polluted。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：你以前的雇主是怎么对待你的？分析句子可知，本空在句中作定语，修饰名词employers的主语，所以要用形容词previous作定语，故填 previous。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：成为一个社会的成员意味着接受它的价值观。Mean doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“意味着”，因此本空要用动词的ing形式，故要用adopting。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配及名词作宾语。句意：在这一点上得出结论还为时过早。分析句子可知，本空前有不定冠词a，可知，本空要用名词。reach a conclusion为固定搭配，意为“得出结论”，因此填 conclusion。‎ 第二节：完成句子(共5小题；每空1分，满分10分)‎ 根据所给汉意，补全下列英文句子，每空只填一词。‎ ‎41. 宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。‎ The quiet life of country has never___________ ___________ me.‎ ‎42. 我不会占用你太多时间。‎ I won't___________ ___________ too much of your time.‎ ‎43. 你可以以每年32美元订阅这本杂志。‎ You can ___________ ___________ the magazine for as little as $‎32 a year.‎ ‎44. 音乐会用的椅子几乎都已经摆放到位了。‎ The chairs for the concert were nearly all___________ ___________.‎ ‎45. 参加开幕式的观众主要由青少年组成。‎ The audience of the opening ceremony mainly___________ ___________teenagers.‎ ‎【答案】41. (1). appealed (2). to ‎ ‎42. (1). take (2). up ‎ ‎43. (1). subscribe (2). to ‎ ‎44. (1). in (2). place ‎ ‎45. (1). consisted (2). of ‎【解析】‎ 本大题为根据汉语意思补全对话。做这种练习时，首先结合所给句意，分析英语句子结构，判断句中所缺少的部分，找到正确的短语。再根据在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。还要注意是否是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。分析句子意思可知，缺少部分的汉语为“吸引”，即固定短语“appeal to”。分析句子结构可知，本空在句中是谓语动词的一部分，要用现在完成时，故填appealed to。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，本空缺少部分的汉语为“占用”，即固定搭配“take up”。分析句子可知，本空跟在助动词will后，要用动词原形。与主语I是主动关系，因此填 take up。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，本空缺少部分的汉语为“订阅”，即固定搭配“subscribe to”，分析句子结构可知，本空与情态动词can一起构成谓语，subscribe to与主语you二者是主动关系，故填动词短语原形subscribe to。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，本空缺少部分的汉语为“到位”，即固定搭配“in place”,在句中作状语，故填in place。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。根据句意可知，本空缺少部分的汉语为“由…组成”，即固定短语“consist of”，根据句子的语境可知，本空要用一般过去时，因此填 consisted of。‎ 第三节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。请将答案填写在文后指定位置。‎ Nicotine is a kind of chemical. It is one of the most harmful and widely available legal ___46___ (drug) in the world. It's addictive and harmful both to smokers and the people who ___47___ (expose) to smoke, especially children. So it is necessary ___48___ (stop) smoking. Though giving up smoking is tough, it is not ___49___ (possible). Considering these areas such as your health and those ___50___ will benefit from your quitting, you will make up your mind and stick to it, Cigarettes are ___51___ (high) effective at delivering nicotine throughout your body, so when you stop smoking, you might experience anxiety, headaches and so on. Please don't be ‎ ‎___52___ (disappoint), you should realize it may take more than one attempt to stop smoking. If you've tried quitting on your own but are still struggling, think about ___53___ (get) professional help. Besides, your family and friends can be extra support. Let them know your goal and ask them to help you by not smoking around or offering you a cigarette. You can also ask for ___54___ (they) encouragement and let them remind you ___55___ your goal when sticking is difficult.‎ ‎【答案】46. drugs ‎ ‎47. are exposed ‎ ‎48. to stop ‎ ‎49. impossible ‎ ‎50. who 51. highly ‎ ‎52. disappointed ‎ ‎53. getting ‎ ‎54. their 55. of ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用说明文。尼古丁对人有很大的危害性，对吸烟者和暴露于烟雾中的人，尤其是对儿童危害极大。所以戒烟是必须的，而且要坚持。当你戒烟难以坚持，可求助于专业人员或从家人和朋友中得到鼓励，时刻提醒，就能成功。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：尼古丁是一种化学物质。它是世界上危害最大和使用范围最广播的合法药物之一。分析句子可知，是…之一，所以要用复数。故填 drugs。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：它对吸烟者和暴露于烟雾中的人，尤其是儿童，都是有害的。分析句子可知， sb. be exposed to…为固定搭配，意为“某人暴露于…”中，主语是the people，是复数，因此填are exposed 。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意：所以戒烟有必要的。It is +adj.+to do sth.为固定句式，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。所以本空格填 to stop。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查语境及形容词作表语。句意：尽管戒烟很困难，但也并非不可能。分析句子可知，前后两句是转折关系，根据句意可知，本空意为“不可能的”，故填 impossible。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：考虑到这些方面，如你的健康和那些从你戒烟中受益的人，你会下定决心并坚持下去。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中the people是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，指人要用who，故填who。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查副词作状语。句意：香烟在全身释放尼古丁方面非常有效。分析句子可知，本空在句中修饰形容词effective，修饰形容词要用副词，因此要用副词 highly。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查形容词作表语。句意：不要失望，你应该意识到戒烟可能需要多次尝试。分析句子可知，本空在句中作系动词be的表语，作表语，修饰人，此空要用disappointed，故填disappointed。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查非谓语。句意：如果你已经尝试过自己戒烟，但仍在努力，那就考虑寻求专业帮助。think about…其中的about为介词，后面要跟动词的ing形式，故填getting。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查人称代词。句意：你也可以得到他们的鼓励。分析句子可知，本空在句中作定语，修饰名词encouragement。根据语境可知，是指得到家人和朋友的鼓励，因此要用他们的（their），故填their。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：当你坚持戒烟有困难时，让他们提醒你记得你的目标。remind sb. of sth.为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某物”，因此填 of。‎ 第五部分：写作(共两节，满分30分)‎ 第四节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎56.读下面的短文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎3.必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。‎ In the village store, John observed the little girl asking for cookies but her mother told her “no." The girl immediate got angry, but the mother said, "Ellen, don't be upset." Then in the candy area, the girl began to shout candies. After being told “no” again, he began to cry. The mother said, "Ellen, don't lose temper. We'll check in." John happened to be at the check-out, there the little girl burst into tears on finding no gum buying today. The mother patiently said it, “Ellen, we'll go home soon." John stopped the woman, “I couldn't help notice how patient you were with llen…”The mother breaks in, “My daughter is Tammy... I'm Ellen."‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为故事。讲述了一位妈妈为了控制自己的情绪，不时地喊自己的名字提醒自己要有忍耐，而作者误认为是妈妈对孩子非常有耐心。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：在一家乡村商店里，约翰看到有一小女孩要饼干，但她妈妈告诉她“不”。根据语境可知，小商店是第一次提到，且表示数量“一”，不是特指，不能用the，要用不定冠词a。因此把the改为a 。‎ ‎2.考查副词。句意：女孩立刻生气了。分析句子可知，immediate在句中修饰系动词get，修饰动词要用副词形式，因此把immediate改为immediately。‎ ‎3. 考查语境。句意：然后在糖果区，女孩开始大喊想要糖果。分析语境可知，此句是指女孩大声喊的目的是为了得到糖果，“for…”表示目的，可译为“为了…”。因此在shout后添加for。‎ ‎4.考查人称代词的一致性。句意：在被再次告知“不可以”后，她哭了起来。根据文章可知，此句的主语是那个女孩，因此要用代词she，而不是he，因此把he改为she 。‎ ‎5.考查固定搭配。句意：母亲说：“艾伦，别发脾气。我们要结账了。”“check out…”为固定搭配，意为“结账离开”，而“check in…”意为“登记（入住）”。此句是指“我们要结账了”，因此把in 改为out。‎ ‎6.考查定语从句的关系词。句意：约翰正好在结账，在那儿小女孩发现今天没有买糖就哭了。分析句子可知，本题是定语从句，先行词为the check-out，先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此要有关系副词“where”。因此把there改为where 。‎ ‎7.考查过去分词作后置定语。根据上一句的句意可知，句中的名词gum与动词buy二者是被动关系，即糖是被买，要用过去分词bought。因此把buying改为bought。‎ ‎8.考查语境。句意：母亲耐心地说：“艾伦，我们很快就回家。”分析句子可知，say的宾语为引号“”中的内容，it是多余的，因此删除it 。‎ ‎9.考查固定搭配。句意：我不由地注意到….。句中的can’t help doing…为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事，不由地做….”，因此notice要用动词的ing形式，故把notice改为noticing 。‎ ‎10.考查谓语动词的时态。句意：母亲插话说：“我女儿是塔米……我是爱伦。”。分析语境可知，本文讲述过去发生的事，因此要用一般过去时，因此把breaks改为broke。‎ 第五节:书面表达(满分20分)‎ ‎57.假设你是李华，正在教你的美国朋友Jason学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知他下次上课的内容。”‎ 内容包括:‎ ‎1.诗歌，尤其是唐诗在中国传统文化中的意义和影响。‎ ‎2.诗歌形式多样、内容丰富、情感真挚。‎ ‎3.请他提前了解一些诗歌。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数90左右:‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯:‎ ‎3.文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jason,‎ It is 2 weeks since we met last time.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jason,‎ It is 2 weeks since we met last time. Knowing you’re eager to learn about Chinese culture, I think poetry is the best topic of our next learning. ‎ As is known to all, poetry, Tang poems in particular, plays an extremely important role in Chinese traditional culture. Poetry consists of a large variety of forms, through which poets can tell a story, convey a strong picture or express sincere emotions. ‎ With so many Chinese poems to appreciate, you’d better make some preparations for our next study. You can read some other Chinese poems you like to gain a better understanding of Chinese poetry. Looking forward to our next meeting.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为应用文。你正在教你的美国朋友Jason学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知他下次上课的内容。内容包括:1.诗歌，尤其是唐诗在中国传统文化中的意义和影响。2.诗歌形式多样、内容丰富、情感真挚。3.请他提前了解一些诗歌等。‎ ‎【详解】本文为应用文中的书信体。一般来说书信本要分三个部分。第一部分叙述写信的原因。即告知他下次上课的内容。第二部分为正文。主要叙述上课的内容，主要包括3 点：1.诗歌，尤其是唐诗在中国传统文化中的意义和影响；2.诗歌形式多样、内容丰富、情感真挚。3.‎ 请他提前了解一些诗歌。最后表达期待对方的回信。写作内容涵盖所有要点，不可遗漏。要注意时态语态，避免出现语法和拼写错误。当然还要用适当运用高级词汇和句型来为自己的文章增色。‎ ‎【点睛】本文要点齐全，表达思路清楚，词语运用恰当到位，文中使用了较高级的短语和词汇，为文章增色不少，如be eager to do…; in particular; make some preparations for…; gain a better understanding of; play an extremely important role in…; consist of ; a large variety of等。还灵活地运用了一些复合句尤其是定语从句，使得文章结构更加严谨合理。句中的复合句如下：由since引导的状语从句：It is 2 weeks since we met last time。由as引导的非限制性定语从句：As is known to all, poetry, Tang poems in particular, plays an extremely important role in Chinese traditional culture；由which引导的定语从句：Poetry consists of a large variety of forms, through which poets can tell a story；以及省略了关系词（that）定语从句：You can read some other Chinese poems（that） you like to gain a better understanding of Chinese poetry此外文中也运用了非谓语作状语：Knowing you’re eager to learn about Chinese culture。这让文章的内容更为灵活多变，丰富多彩。‎