2021版新高考英语一轮复习MothyHabits同步练习外研版必修2

2021版新高考英语一轮复习MothyHabits同步练习外研版必修2

Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√‎ proverb n．　　　　　　 captain n.‎ lifestyle n. overweight adj.‎ throat n. symptom n.‎ awful adj. insurance n.‎ Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．diet n．　　　　 饮食；日常食物 vi. 照医生的规定饮食 ‎2.__normal adj. 正常的；一般的 ‎3．head vi. 朝……方向前进 ‎4．eye vt. 注视；观看 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．fit adj.健康的；强健的 v．符合，适合→unfit adj.不适宜的；不适合的 ‎2．rare adj.稀少的；罕有的→rarely adv.稀少地；极少地 ‎3．health n．健康→__healthy adj.健康的 →unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的 ‎4．wealth n．财富→wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的 ‎ ‎5．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiety n．焦虑；不安 ‎6．injure vt.伤害→injury n．伤害；损伤；受伤处→injured adj.受伤的 ‎7．pain n．疼痛→painful adj.疼痛的 ‎8．breath n．呼吸→breathe vi.呼吸→__breathless adj.无声息的；喘不过气来的 ‎1.(身体部位)名词用作动词集萃 ‎①head　　　　　 朝……方向前进 ‎②eye 注视；观看 ‎③hand 传递；递给 ‎④arm 武装 ‎⑤shoulder 肩负 ‎⑥back 后退 ‎2.n.＋y→adj.一览 20‎ ‎①wealthy　　　　 富裕的 ‎②healthy 健康的 ‎③thirsty 口渴的 ‎④cloudy 多云的 ‎⑤greedy 贪婪的 ‎⑥guilty 内疚的 ‎3.高频合成形容词个个清 ‎①overweight 　　　　 超重的 ‎②absentminded 心不在焉的 ‎③oldfashioned 老式的 ‎④wellbehaved 表现良好的 ‎⑤secondhand 二手的 ‎⑥brandnew 全新的 ‎ (二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．be__connected__with　　　　 与……有联系 ‎2．take__exercise 锻炼 ‎3．be__crazy__about 迷恋……；对……狂热 ‎4．lie__down 躺下 ‎5．begin__with 以……开始 ‎6．put...into...　　　　 将……投入……‎ ‎7．at__least 至少 ‎8．become__ill 生病 ‎9．pay__for 支付 ‎10．pick__up 捡起；获得；买到；恢复(健康)‎ ‎1.“与……有联系/关系”短语全接触 ‎①be connected with　　 　 与……有联系 ‎②be related to 与……有关 ‎③have something to do with 与……有关 ‎④be involved in 涉及……‎ ‎⑤be concerned with 涉及……‎ ‎2.crazy短语大观园 ‎①be crazy about　 迷恋 20‎ ‎②drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯 ‎③go crazy　　　　　　 发疯；疯狂 ‎④like crazy 疯狂地；拼命地 ‎3.“v.＋up”短语集合 ‎①pick up　　　 捡起 ‎②use up 用完 ‎③bring up 抚养大 ‎④burn up 烧尽 ‎⑤hold up 举起；阻挡 ‎⑥stay up 熬夜 ‎ (三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 When Zhou Kai’s mother saw__him__heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. ‎ 当周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着。‎ 句型2：that’s because＋从句，意为“那是因为……”‎ But that’s__because__I__was__stupid__enough__to__play football in the rain.‎ 但那是因为我太傻了，竟然在雨中踢足球。‎ 句型3：祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句 Go__to__bed now or you’ll be really tired tomorrow.‎ 现在就去睡觉，否则明天你会很疲劳。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词 ‎1．I know it’s normal(正常的) for such a thing to happen, but we could have avoided it if we’d been more careful. ‎ ‎2．As the saying/proverb(谚语) goes, “You can’t judge a book by its cover.”‎ ‎3．Only if you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit(健康的) and stay healthy. ‎ ‎4．“An awful(可怕的) accident did, however, occur the other day，” the old man repeated.‎ ‎5．Lifestyles(生活方式) in modern society are different from those in the past. ‎ 20‎ B．根据所给单词写出适当形式 ‎6．Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of diets(diet) but nothing worked.‎ ‎7．As soon as he found the cake on the table, he couldn’t help eyeing(eye) it hungrily.‎ ‎8．In the morning I saw him heading(head) hurriedly for the bus stop.‎ ‎9．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier(healthy)?‎ ‎10．Most parents are waiting outside anxiously(anxious) while their children are taking the exams.‎ Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎1．(2019·天津卷)And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover.稀有的；稀少的 ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. 痛苦的 ‎3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.呼出 Ⅲ.选词成篇 at least; be connected with; be crazy about; lie down; put... into...‎ Many people 1.are__crazy__about playing cellphones. They 2.lie__down in the bed and play cellphones for 3.at__least two hours until deep into the night. Their nearsightedness and lack of sleep 4.are__connected__with it. It is suggested that they 5.put more attention into their family and have a rest regularly.‎ take exercise; have a temperature/fever; pick up; off work; begin with; pay for; become ill My friend Jenny is very weak, who is likely to 6.become__ill. When she is ill, she often 7.has__a__temperature/fever. Because of this, she is always 8.off__work and stays at home. Her doctor advised her to 9.take__exercise. After following her doctor’s advice, she 10.begins__with jogging every day. To her joy, her health is gradually 11.picking__up．‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．透过窗户我看见他正在庭院里认真地读英语。‎ From the window I saw__him__reading__English carefully in the yard.‎ 20‎ ‎2．她最终获得成功，那是因为她从不放弃。‎ Her efforts paid off finally. That’s__because__she__never__gave__up.‎ ‎3．学习再努力些，你就会通过2021年高考。‎ Study__harder__and you will pass the 2021 College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎ fit　adj.适合的；健康的；能胜任的　v. 适合；(使)(衣服)合身；(使)适应；(使)胜任 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.(福建卷)I have been told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit for it.‎ b．(天津卷)Jenna decided she’d continue to try to fit in at her new school.‎ ‎②The water in this river isn’t fit to__drink(drink), which makes the villagers worried. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(2018·北京卷)她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。‎ She and her family bicycle to work, which helps__them__keep__fit．‎ ‎ ‎(1)be fit for　　　　　　　 适合；胜任 be fit to do... 适合做……‎ keep/stay fit 保持健康 ‎(2)fit in (with) (与……)相适应，‎ ‎ (与……)相协调 ‎ [佳句背诵] He’s never done this type of work before; I am not sure how he’ll fit in with the other people.‎ 他过去从未干过这种工作，我很难说他是否会与其他人配合得好。‎ ‎ anxious　adj.忧虑的，焦急的；挂念的；渴望的，急切的；不安的 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·天津卷)She was anxious to__know(know) what had happened.‎ ‎②a.(2018·天津卷)Anxiously(anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.‎ b．(北京卷)Anxious(anxious) all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.‎ 20‎ ‎③If you are worried about your health, share your anxiety(anxious) with your doctor.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 我非常担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上都睡不着觉。‎ ‎④(普通表达)I’m so__anxious__about__the__coming__exam__that I can hardly fall asleep at night.‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)Anxious__about__the__coming__exam,__I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语)‎ ‎ ‎(1)be anxious for/about sth. 为某事担心(忧虑)‎ be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.‎ ‎ 渴望(某人) 做某事 ‎(2)anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑，担心 with anxiety 焦虑地 ‎(3)anxiously adv. 焦急地，忧虑地；渴望地　‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.　我们有些同学很自信，渴望参加课堂活动，另一些同学则紧张不安。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ ‎[名师点津] 表示渴望(做)某事的常用短语还有：long to do sth./for sth.；‎ desire to do sth./for sth.；‎ be eager to do sth./for sth.；‎ be dying to do sth./for sth.等。‎ ‎ pain　n．疼痛，痛苦；辛苦，努力 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①She cried out in pain when her tooth was pulled out.‎ ‎②We must spare no pains to__pass(pass) the 2021 College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎③Do you know how painful(pain) it is to me when I was told the bad news?‎ ‎[能力提升]——词汇升级 ‎④(普通表达)We should try our best to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.(福建卷)‎ ‎(高级表达)We should take__pains/spare__no__pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.‎ ‎ 20‎ ‎(1)in pain　　　　　　　 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 have pains/a pain in the＋部位 ‎ ……部位疼 ‎(2)spare no pains to do sth. 不遗余力/全力以赴做 ‎ 某事 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费尽苦心做某事 ‎(3)painful adj. 痛苦的　‎ ‎[名师点津] pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指辛苦、努力时，要用复数形式。‎ ‎ be connected with　与……有联系 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.‎ ‎②a.Connected(connect) with the Smiths, she is familiar with all his family members.‎ b．Connecting(connect) the gas stove to/with the gas pipe, my mother began to make dinner for us.‎ ‎③The little boy likes to ask some questions connected(connect) with space travel.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④正如这份报告中表明的那样，青少年问题常常与家庭生活和教育有关。‎ As is shown in the report, teenager problems are__often__connected__with/are__‎ often__in__connection__with/often__have__connection__with family life and education.‎ ‎ ‎(1)connect v．　　　　　　 连接；联合 connect A with B 把A和B联系起来 connect A to/with B 把A连接到B ‎(2)connection n. 连接；联系 have (no) connection with 与……(没)有联系 in connection with 关于；与……有关　‎ ‎[名师点津] 表示两者有形的连接时，to和with都可以与connect连用；表示“与……有联系，与……有关”时，后接with而不接to。‎ ‎[词块助记] ‎ 20‎ a computer connected to the Internet ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 连接到因特网的计算机 Internet connection　　　 网络连接 personal/social connections 私人/社会关系 the two cities connected by a railway ‎ 由铁路相连的两个城市 祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句 ‎(教材原句)Go to bed now or you’ll be really tired tomorrow.‎ 现在就去睡觉，否则明天你会很疲劳。‎ Take more exercise and you’ll get/become really fit.‎ 多进行体育锻炼，你就会真正身体健康。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.Follow your teacher’s advice, or you’ll be left behind by your classmates.‎ b．A bit more effort, I think, and you will settle the problem.‎ ‎②(2018·北京卷)In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highlytrained agent will__get(get) you the help you need.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎(普通表达)If you work hard, you will make great progress.‎ ‎③(高级表达)Work__hard,__and__you__will__make__great__progress.(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)‎ ‎④(高级表达)Working__hard,__you__will__make__great__progress.(分词作状语)‎ ‎ ‎(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If..., ＋主句 ‎(2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise ＋陈述句＝If...not...，＋主句 ‎(3)名词词组(常含有more，another等词)＋and＋陈述句　‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Follow the policies of the 19th CPC National Congress, and our goals are bound to be achieved.‎ 遵循党的十九大的政策，我们的目标一定会实现。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)该句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and/or之后的句子相当于主句，所以主句时态一般用一般将来时。‎ ‎(2)两个考查重点：①祈使句中应用动词原形；‎ ‎②根据句意判断用and还是or。‎ 20‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled(settle) in this way.‎ ‎2．I don’t think Tom is the fittest(fit) person for the job among his colleagues.‎ ‎3．The police have collected some information connected(connect) with the murder case that happened in the winter of 2019.‎ ‎4．Drinking water, breathing(breathe) deeply and chatting with others are all positive ways to relax yourself when you are nervous.‎ ‎5．Normally(normal) you could stay with us, but our house is being decorated at the moment.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．(湖南卷)Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith open before you.‎ ‎2．He didn’t attend the meeting. That was because he had an urgent thing to deal with.‎ ‎3．The gold watch is so delicate that I think it is worth $5，000 at least.‎ ‎4．The little boy is crazy about football, which may have a bad influence on his study.‎ ‎5．Please wait in my office for a moment; I am picking up my parents at the airport.‎ 维度三　派生词练习 ‎1．This kind of flower is rare,__and rarely do I see it.(rare)‎ ‎2．A health club is a private club that people go to in order to do exercise, keep healthy and avoid unhealthy diets.(health)‎ ‎3．My mother always gets a bit anxious if we don’t arrive when we say we will.We can even feel her anxiety．(anxious)‎ ‎4．He was seized with a painful sickness, which nearly drove him crazy with pain．But he took pains to finish his work.(pain)‎ ‎5．An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.(injure)‎ 维度四　完成句子/句型转换 20‎ ‎1．我们应该全力以赴构建和谐社会。‎ We should spare__no__pains__to__construct a harmonious society.‎ ‎2．这个运动员决定退出比赛。那是因为他的腿受伤了。‎ The athlete decided to quit the match. That__was__because__his__leg__was__injured.‎ ‎3．我看见这个女孩面带笑容往学校图书馆走去。‎ I saw__the__girl__heading__towards the school library with a smile on her face.‎ ‎4．今晚我宁愿待在家里读点书。‎ I would__rather__stay__at__home and do some reading this evening.‎ ‎5．If you make one more effort, you’ll succeed.‎ ‎→Make__one__more__effort,__and you’ll succeed.‎ ‎→One__more__effort,__and you’ll succeed.‎ 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ Recently our class have discussed the problem 1.connected(connect) with losing weight. 70% of the students hold the opinion that in order 2.to__keep(keep) fit, those overweight students should do so. They should have a 3.healthy(health) lifestyle, so it’s necessary to go on 4.a diet or put more time into 5.taking(take) exercise. However, 30% of the students think we shouldn’t be crazy 6.about losing weight. That’s 7.because they think it is a waste of time and money. Besides, 8.losing(lose) weight may cause great pain. In my opinion, there is no need to be 9.anxious(anxiously) about our weight as long as we 10.rarely(rare) become ill.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ 假定你是李华，你的朋友Mary由于超重很烦恼。你注意到她饮食习惯不健康而且缺乏锻炼。请你给她写封信，提一些建议，内容包括：‎ ‎①超重的原因；‎ ‎②你的建议。‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)‎ ‎①因为你缺乏锻炼和不健康的生活方式， 你变得超重而且不健康。‎ Because you lack__exercise__and__have__an__unhealthy lifestyle,__you have become overweight__and__unhealthy. ‎ ‎②经常锻炼很重要，锻炼有助于保持健康。‎ It’s important to__take__regular__exercise,__which helps you keep__fit. ‎ 20‎ ‎③你应该保持均衡的饮食，包括不同种类的水果和蔬菜。‎ You should have__a__balanced__diet consisting of different types of fruits and vegetables. ‎ ‎④远离一些坏习惯也是个好主意，例如吃含有太多脂肪和糖的食物及熬夜。‎ It__is__also__a__good__idea__to__keep__away__from__some__bad__habits such as eating food with too__much__fat and sugar and staying up late.‎ ‎⑤如果你保持均衡的饮食并且经常锻炼，你就会变得健康。‎ If you keep__a__balanced__diet__and__take__regular__exercise,__you__will__be__healthy．‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用“that is because ...”句型升级句①‎ You__have__become__overweight__and__unhealthy,__and__that__is__because__you__lack__exercise__and__have__an__unhealthy__lifestyle.‎ ‎⑦用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型升级句⑤‎ Keep__a__balanced__diet__and__take__regular__exercise,__and__you__will__be__healthy.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to begin with, besides, in addition, in conclusion)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Mary，‎ You have become overweight and unhealthy, and that is because you lack exercise and have an unhealthy lifestyle. As for the problem, my suggestions are as follows.‎ To begin with, it’s important to take regular exercise, which helps you keep fit. Besides, you should have a balanced diet consisting of different types of fruits and vegetables. In addition, it is also a good idea to keep away from some bad habits such as eating food with too much fat and sugar and staying up late.‎ In conclusion, keep a balanced diet and take regular exercise, and you will be healthy.‎ 20‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ (建议用时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·大连高三质检) We humans are addicted to sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It’s the fuel that powers our cells. So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.‎ Sugar stores the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, your body breaks down foods into their building blocks. It uses some sugar for energy right away. The rest get stored for the body to break down later. It’s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugar down.‎ These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day. That’s way more than what is good for us.‎ Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. However, experts aren’t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even sugar—rich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.‎ Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you don’t overdo it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是我们不要过多食用。‎ ‎1．The first two paragraphs are mainly developed by ________．‎ A．cause and effect B．problem and solution 20‎ C．giving examples D．making comparisons A　解析：写作手法题。根据第一段尾句“So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.”和第二段倒数第二句“That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel.”，并结合第一、二段的内容可知，第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因；第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因；据此可推知，第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．People may be tricked into eating too much sugar because ________．‎ A．no one wants life to be boring B．we’re born to want the sweet stuff C．socalled healthy food can be packed with sugar D．sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the earth C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar.”可知，甜食随处可见，即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分，故人们会误食很多含糖食品。‎ ‎3．What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 4?‎ A．We’d better say no to sweet foods.‎ B．Experts are worried about added sugar.‎ C．Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.‎ D．We’d better consume sugar from natural sources.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。通读第四段可知，该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处；第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧；第四句提出建议：吃富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知，该段旨在强调，我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．Sugar Is Everywhere B．Sugar Brings Happiness C．Why Do We Love Sugar?‎ D．Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat?‎ C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是食用过量的糖有害人体健康，我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故C项最适合作本文标题。‎ B ‎(2020·福州四校联考)The idea that you can use humor, ‎ 20‎ laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.‎ Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.‎ Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive(认知的) falling.‎ Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Playing an important role.‎ B．Keeping people in high spirits.‎ C．Quickly influencing other people.‎ D．Preventing illness from spreading.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness.”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious的意思为“迅速影响其他人”。‎ ‎6．What can laughter increase according to the author?‎ A．Cognitive ability.‎ B．Good relationships.‎ 20‎ C．A sense of humor.‎ D．Happiness and trust.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness...and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.”可知，在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。‎ ‎7．What does the author think the old should do?‎ A．They should have a good rest.‎ B．They should play like children.‎ C．They should prevent cognitive falling.‎ D．They should take part in physical play.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第三、四句“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it’s for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness.”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。‎ ‎8．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy C．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax A　解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段“Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·昆明摸底调研)‎ How to Be a Good Listener to Your Family Communication is important for strong family relationships. 1.________ Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds.‎ Listen actively. When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. It’s important to make your family member feel heard and valued. Put your phone away and give them your full attention. Never think about other things when someone is talking. 2.________‎ 20‎ Repeat what has been said. Briefly summarizing what the speaker has said can go a long way towards effective communication. Everyone wants to feel valued and heard, so repeating a family member’s point can show you were listening. 3.________ It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well.‎ ‎4．________ Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation. Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response. This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking. Do not talk over someone either. No matter how curious you feel about a subject, do not start talking until the other person has finished.‎ Avoid hurrying the speaker. 5.________ Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along. Never say things like “Can you get to the point？” This will make it seem like you’re not interested in the conversation.‎ A．Do not interrupt.‎ B．Never rush the person into talking.‎ C．Instead, focus on what’s being said.‎ D．People tend to pause when they speak.‎ E．It can help you make sure you understood the speaker.‎ F．When someone finishes talking, ask questions if necessary.‎ G．However, if you don’t truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了四个改善家庭成员间关系的倾听技巧。‎ ‎1．G　解析：空前一句突出交流对巩固家庭成员之间关系的重要性，空后一句是说使用倾听技巧可以帮助你更好地交流以及建立更密切的联系，故G项“然而，如果你不能真正地倾听他人，交流就会变得困难”从反面进一步强调倾听的重要性。‎ ‎2．C　解析：本段围绕“Listen actively.”展开，根据本段的内容及空前一句“当别人讲话时不要去想其他的事情”可知，C项“而要关注对方正在说的内容”符合语境。‎ ‎3．E　解析：本段紧扣“Repeat what has been said.”进行论证，空处与前一句构成递进关系，E选项中的“It”指代前一句中的“repeating a family member’s point”。‎ ‎4．A　解析：空处为段首句，根据段落特征可知，本句应为祈使句且为本段的主题句。空后一句讨论打断别人会中断有效的交流，由此可推知段首句应为不要打断(他人说话)。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎5．B　解析：本段主题是“避免催促说话人”。空处谈论的内容应与首句相关，B项中的“rush”与空前的“hurrying”同义，表示“催促”。故选B项。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 20‎ ‎(2020·福州质量抽测)Growing up in the 1960s, I was taught from an early age to send a handwritten thankyou note expressing __1__ for kindness. My mother used to buy me a box of paper and __2__ me in the art and value of saying “thank you”. She __3__ to be right.‎ A study showed that it took less than 5 minutes to write the thankyou notes. Just 5 minutes to make __4__ person feel overjoyed! __5__， in our “instant” world, the idea of getting an actual pen and writing an actual note seems to never come to mind. We tend to do what is __6__ for us—a quick text or an email.‎ It’s easy to use the __7__ of being busy, but even very busy and __8__ businessmen find time to __9__ thankyou notes. For example, when Douglas Conant became CEO of Campbell’s, the company had __10__ half of its market, and its value and morale(士气) was at an alltime low. He __11__ fixing that by doing some simple things that are probably not __12__ in any MBA class. For one thing, Conant wrote to every __13__. He gained their confidence and __14__， turned the company __15__．‎ In his ten years as CEO, Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees. It’s __16__ not to ask how he did it. __17__， he had many other things to do __18__ writing a thankyou note. Conant made time for __19__ because he knew the impact(影响) each one would have. An expression of __20__ in this crazy world still makes a difference.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，妈妈教“我”用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激，并教“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值；研究表明，不到五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条会让他人感到快乐。‎ ‎1．A.concern　　　　　　　　 B．sympathy C．affection D．appreciation D　解析：根据该句中的“a handwritten thankyou note expressing ______ for kindness”可知，该处指用手写的感谢便条来表达对善良的感激(appreciation)，故D项正确。A项意为“担心，关心”；B项意为“同情”；C项意为“喜爱”。‎ ‎2．A.consult B．instruct C．answer D．impress B　解析：根据该句“My mother used to buy me a box of paper...and value of saying ‘thank you’．”可知，“我”的妈妈过去常常给“我”买一箱纸，并教授(instruct)“我”表达感谢的艺术和价值，故B项正确。A项意为“咨询”；C项意为“回答”；D项意为“使留下深刻印象”。‎ ‎3．A.remained B．proved C．appeared D．claimed 20‎ B　解析：根据语境尤其是下文可推知，此处表示她证明(proved)(这样做)是正确的，故B项符合语境。A项意为“保持”；C项意为“显得”；D项意为“声称”。‎ ‎4．A.one B．any ‎ C．each D．another D　解析：根据空前一句可知，写感谢便条花费不到五分钟的时间；并结合该句和常识可推知，此处表示仅花费五分钟就可以让另一个(another)人非常高兴，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．A.Yet B．Therefore C．So D．Otherwise A　解析：根据该句中的“seems to never come to mind”并结合上文可知，尽管仅花费五分钟就能用手写好的感谢便条能让他人感到快乐，但是(Yet)，在我们这个“快捷的”世界里，人们似乎不愿意用这种方式来表达谢意；据此可推知，该处前后表示转折关系，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．A.special B．necessary C．convenient D．important C　解析：根据该句中的“a quick text or an email”可推知，该处表示我们趋向于使用对我们来说方便的(convenient)方式——快速发送的短信或电子邮件，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．A.case B．excuse C．example D．situation B　解析：根据语境以及该句中的“of being busy”并结合常识可知，人们很容易以忙为借口(excuse)，故B项正确。A项意为“事例”；C项意为“例子”；D项意为“情况”。‎ ‎8．A.humorous B．optimistic C．successful D．experienced C　解析：根据语境可知，人们很容易以忙为借口，但即使是很忙碌和成功的(successful)商人也能找到时间写(pen)感谢便条。‎ ‎9．A.pen B．receive C．design D．deliver A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎10．A.lost B．gained C．developed D．damaged A　解析：根据该句中的“morale(士气) was at an alltime low”可知，士气空前低落；据此可推知，这家公司已经损失(lost)了一半的市值，故A项正确。‎ ‎11．A.gave up B．kept up C．set about D．worried about C　解析：根据该句中的“He ______ fixing that by doing some simple 20‎ ‎ things”并结合语境可推知，他开始做(set about)一些简单的事情来解决这一问题，故C项正确。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“跟上”；D项意为“担心”。‎ ‎12．A.permitted B．taught C．checked D．tested B　解析：根据语境可推知，他所做的简单的事情很可能没有在任何MBA课堂上被教(taught)过，故B项正确。A项意为“允许”；C项意为“检查”；D项意为“测试”。‎ ‎13．A.market B．businessman C．company D．employee D　解析：根据下文中的“gained their confidence”和“Conant wrote over 30，000 notes to employees”可推知，Conant给每个员工(employee)写了便条，得到了他们的信任，故D项正确。‎ ‎14．A.personally B．frankly C．naturally D．occasionally C　解析：根据语境可知，Conant得到了员工们的信任，顺理成章地(naturally)使公司好转(turned around)起来。‎ ‎15．A.up B．down C．away D．around D　解析：参见上题解析。turn around意为“好转，扭转”，故D项正确。turn up意为“开大”；turn down意为“调低；拒绝”；turn away意为“把……打发走”。‎ ‎16．A.hard B．great C．amazing D．disappointing A　解析：根据前一句可知，在担任CEO的十年间，Conant给他的员工们写了三万多张便条；结合语境和常识可知，这令人很难(hard)不去问他是如何做到的，故A项正确。‎ ‎17．A.As usual B．In short C．By the way D．After all D　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示毕竟(After all)，除了(besides)写感谢便条，他有许多其他事情要做。‎ ‎18．A.by B．in C．besides D．without C　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎19．A.me B．it C．him D．them B　解析：根据语境可知，空处指代空前一句中的“writing a thankyou note”，故B项正确。‎ 20‎ ‎20．A.kindness B．joy C．value D．confidence A　解析：根据本文第一句中的“expressing ______ for kindness”并结合全文可推知，在这个疯狂的世界中，善良(kindness)的表达仍然会有作用，故A项正确。 ‎ 20‎