2020版高考英语总复习Unit1Art 人教版选修6

2020版高考英语总复习Unit1Art 人教版选修6

‎ Unit 1　Art Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 23‎ ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 经典原句 句式归纳 仿写造句 ‎1.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。‎ 表示方位的介词短语位于句首时句子用全部倒装。‎ ‎1.大众广场是这座城市的耀眼的风景。那里矗立着许多著名历史人物的雕像。‎ The Public Square is an eyecatching sight of the city. There stand_many_stone_sculptures of famous historical figures.‎ ‎2.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.‎ 这是因为印象派鼓励画家用崭新的方式去看待他们的环境。‎ This/That is because...意为“这是/那是因为……”；because在句中引导表语从句。‎ ‎2.你进步很快，这是因为他给你很多帮助。‎ You have made rapid progress; this_is_because he helps you a lot.‎ 23‎ ‎3.... died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.‎ ‎……于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品留给了美国人民。‎ leaving...为动词ing短语作结果状语，表示意料之内、情理之中的结果。‎ ‎3.这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊，引起了(人们)对在校学生安全的担忧。‎ The news shocked the public, leading_to_great_concern about students' safety at school.‎ Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 第一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．faith n．信任；信心；信念；承诺 ‎[教材原句]　Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.‎ 人们的生活方式和信仰影响了艺术。‎ ‎(1)have/lose faith in 对……有/失去信心 keep/break faith with 信守/违背对……的承诺 ‎(2)faithful adj. 忠实的；守信的 faithfully adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地 单句语法填空 ‎①History is the best teacher. It ________(faith) records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.‎ ‎②Besides, it is also very important that friends should be ________(faith) to each other.‎ ‎③I have lost faith ________ that company, but I kept faith ________ the manager.‎ 句型转换 ‎④If you are confident in yourself, nothing can defeat you.‎ ‎→If you ________________ yourself, nothing can defeat you.‎ ‎[答案]　①faithfully　②faithful　③in; with　④have faith in ‎2．aim n．目标；目的　vi. & vt.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力 ‎[教材原句]　During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.‎ 在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。‎ ‎(1)achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标 23‎ take aim at 向……瞄准 without aim 漫无目的地 with the aim of 以……为目标；意在/旨在……‎ ‎(2)aim at/for 针对；瞄准；目的在于 aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物 aim to do sth. 意欲/企图/旨在做某事 意欲/企图/旨在做某事 ‎(3)aimless adj. 无目的的 aimlessly adv. 无目的地 单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school aimed at ________(develop) our interests and improving our skills.‎ ‎②The competition was started by the school ________(aim) at encouraging young writers.‎ ‎③Ann was wandering along the street ________(aim) when she heard someone calling her name from the other side of the street.‎ ‎④The actions ________(aim) at fixing the global economic crisis and problems that led to it.‎ ‎⑤The President is now on a visit to Russia ________(aim) at expanding relations between the two countries.‎ ‎[答案]　①developing　②aimed　③aimlessly　④are/were aimed　⑤aiming ‎3．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养 ‎[教材原句]　People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.‎ 人们开始对生活采取更加人文主义的态度而较少关注宗教。‎ ‎(1)adopt a plan/suggestion　采用计划/采纳建议 adopt an orphan 收养孤儿 ‎(2)adoption n. 采用；收养 ‎(3)adopted adj. 收养的；采用了的；移居的 单句语法填空 ‎①It is reported that most ________(adopt) children want to know who their natural parents are.‎ ‎②It's high time that we ________(adopt) different approaches to solving the social problem.‎ 23‎ ‎③The suggestion that the new rule ________(adopt) came from the chairman.‎ ‎[答案]　①adopted　②adopted　③(should) be adopted ‎[思维发散]　adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，但在意义上却大相径庭。adapt意为“(使)适应；改编”。‎ ‎4．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配 ‎[教材原句]　Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings，so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.‎ 富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，以便他们能装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。‎ ‎(1)be possessed of　　　　　具有(某品质、能力等)‎ ‎(2)possession n. (常作复数)所有；财产 get/take/gain/have possession of拥有；占有 be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 be in the possession of sb.＝be in sb.'s possession 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 单句语法填空 ‎①Many people lost their homes and all their ________(possess) during the war.‎ ‎②The police found a lot of valuables ________ his possession which he could not account for.‎ ‎③Tom wanted ________(possess) a new car, but he couldn't afford one.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The company Tom is ____________ was once ____________ his uncle.‎ 汤姆现在拥有的公司曾经是他叔叔的。‎ ‎[答案]　①possessions　②in　③to possess　④in possession of; in the possession of ‎[知识顾问]　in possession of表主动，意为“拥有……，占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。类似的短语还有：in charge of...负责……，担任……，in the charge of...由……负责；in control of...控制……，in the control of被……控制。‎ ‎5．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图　vt.尝试；企图 ‎[教材原句]　On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes...‎ 一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来……‎ ‎(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事 23‎ at one's/the first attempt(某人)第一次尝试 ‎(2)attempt to do sth. 企图做某事；尝试做某事 单句语法填空 ‎①He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test ________ the first attempt.‎ ‎②________(attempt) to change someone else's attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.‎ ‎③He attempted ________(compete) for the position of chairman of the Students' Union.‎ ‎④It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at ________(explain) climate change.‎ ‎⑤Personally speaking, parents are making ________ attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.‎ ‎[答案]　①at　②Attempting　③to compete ‎④explaining　⑤an ‎6．predict vt.预言；预告；预测 ‎[教材原句]　Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?‎ 谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？‎ ‎(1)predict sth./that... 预言……；预测……‎ It's predicted that... 据预测/预报……；人们预言/预测 ‎(2)prediction n. 预言；预测；预报；预告 make a prediction for 对……做出预言/预测 单句语法填空 ‎①I believe that ________(predict) earthquakes will be a piece of cake in front of us mankind in the future.‎ ‎②He made a ________(predict) for the coming examination.‎ 完成句子 ‎③____________________ the situation will last at least a month.‎ 据预测这种形势最起码会持续一个月。‎ ‎[答案]　①predicting　②prediction　③It is predicted that ‎7．a great deal许多；大量的 ‎[教材原句]　In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.‎ ‎19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。‎ 23‎ ‎(1)a great deal为副词性短语，修饰动词、形容词，尤其是修饰形容词比较级。‎ ‎(2)a great deal还可以作名词短语，用作不可数名词；可作主语或宾语，作主语时谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎(3)a great/good deal of常修饰不可数名词。‎ 完成句子 ‎①In the course of our trip, we have learned _____________ in all the places we visited.‎ 在参观的过程中，我们在我们参观的所有地方都学到了很多东西。‎ ‎②After several years' self study, he acquired ____________ knowledge.‎ 经过几年的自学，他获得了许多知识。‎ ‎③She ran ________________ faster than I.‎ 她跑得比我快得多。‎ ‎[答案]　①a great deal　②a great/good deal of　③a great deal ‎8．on the other hand(可是)另一方面 ‎[教材原句]　On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.‎ 另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，它们看上去就像是照片。‎ ‎(1)on (the) one hand...; on the other hand ...‎ 一方面……；另一方面(却)……‎ ‎(2)for one thing...; for another...‎ 首先……；其次……；一则……；二则……‎ ‎(3)first(ly)．..; second(ly)．.. ‎ 第一……；第二……‎ 用on the other hand/for another填空 ‎①On the one hand I admire his gifts, but ________ I distrust his judgement.‎ ‎②For one thing, there isn't time; ________， we don't have enough money.‎ 完成句子 ‎③The purpose of my visit to this city is to talk business ________ and to see my old friend ________________.‎ 我到这座城市的目的一方面是洽谈业务，另一方面是看望老朋友。‎ ‎[答案]　①on the other hand　②for another　③on the one hand; on the other hand ‎[方法规律]　on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。另外，on the other hand可以单独使用。‎ ‎9．“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”的倒装句式 23‎ ‎[教材原句]　Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。‎ ‎(1)out, in, into, down, up, away, here, now, then, there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。‎ ‎①Out ________________________ on hearing the loud noise.‎ 听到一声巨响，学生们冲了出来。‎ ‎②Among all these flowers ________________， which was given by my friend.‎ 在这些花中，包含一种红色玫瑰花，那是我朋友给的。‎ ‎[易错提醒]　当主语是人称代词时，只将副词提前，不倒装。‎ ‎③Out ____________ after finishing his homework.‎ 完成作业后他出去了。‎ ‎(2)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完全倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。‎ ‎④Present at the evening party ___________________.‎ 出席晚会的有我们喜欢的英语老师。‎ ‎(3)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。‎ ‎⑤________________________， which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.‎ 这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。‎ ‎[答案]　①rushed the students　②was a kind of red rose ‎③he went　④was our favourable English teacher ‎⑤Such is our lively city ‎　　At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they 1.____________(accept) as the beginning of what we call “modern art (20th century to today)”. This is 2.____________ the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment 3.____________ new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but 4.____________ the Impressionists, many of the painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt 5.____________(paint) objects as we see them with our eyes as their aims, but instead concentrates 6.____________ certain qualities of the object 7.____________(use) colour, line and shape to represent them. Consequently, it is difficult 23‎ ‎ for us to understand the 8.____________(possess) we have now. 9.____________ the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict 10.____________ painting styles there will be in the future？‎ ‎[答案]　1.are accepted　2.because　3.in　4.without　5.to paint　6.on　7.using　8.possessions　9.On　10.what 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎1．specific adj.确切的；特定的 ‎[教材原句]　Based on general ideas rather than specific examples 基于一般概念而非特定范畴 ‎(1)be specific to... 针对……；对于……特有 to be specific 具体来说 ‎(2)specifically adv. 确切地；具体地；特别地 单句语法填空 ‎①This teaching method is specific ________ the school.‎ 完成句子 ‎②______________， the art of the early stage is classical, and towards sketch.‎ 具体来说，早期艺术是古典的，倾向于素描的。‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②To be specific ‎2．figure n．画像；人物；身材；体形；数字　v．估计；计算；认为 ‎[教材原句]　the art of making figures, objects, etc out of stone, wood, clay, etc 用石头、木材、黏土等制作人物、物体等艺术 ‎(1)figure out 算出；解决；理解；弄清楚 figure in 把……包括在内；计算在内 ‎(2)keep one's figure 保持体形 写出下列句中figure的含义 ‎①I figure that different people like different things.____________‎ ‎②She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.____________‎ ‎③Add up all these figures and tell me the result.____________‎ ‎④There is a figure of the queen on the wall.____________‎ 完成句子 23‎ ‎⑤(2017·北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you ________________.‎ 如果你不了解某个事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。‎ ‎⑥The cost ________________ my plan.‎ 我的计划中包括了成本。‎ ‎[答案]　①认为　②身材；体形　③数字　④画像 ‎⑤figure it out　⑥figured in ‎3．preference n．喜爱；偏爱 ‎[教材原句]　Frick had a preference for pretwentieth century Western paintings...‎ 弗里克对20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱……‎ have a preference for ... 偏爱 in preference to... 优先于……‎ show/give preference to... 优先考虑……‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He has demonstrated a strong preference ________ wearing running shoes.‎ ‎②In allocating housing, ________(prefer) is given to those who have young children.‎ ‎③I would usually choose living in a small town in preference to ________(live) in a big city.‎ ‎[答案]　①for　②preference　③living ‎4．appeal to(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；(向某人)呼吁 ‎[教材原句]　It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.‎ 展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。‎ ‎(1)appeal to sb.for sth.　　为……向某人呼吁或请求 appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事 ‎(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.‎ 为……向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth.‎ 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 单句语法填空 ‎①We made an appeal to the villagers ________ money to build the bridge.‎ ‎②The Students' Union appeals ________ us students to do housework in our spare 23‎ ‎ time.‎ ‎③We should appeal to people ________(save) things that nature offers to us as well.‎ ‎[答案]　①for　②to　③to save ‎5．现在分词作结果状语 ‎[教材原句]　Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.‎ 亨利·克莱·弗里克，纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品留给了美国人民。‎ ‎(1)现在分词作结果状语常表示意料之内、情理之中的结果。‎ ‎①Carbon burns in oxygen or air, therefore ________ carbon dioxide.‎ 碳在氧气或者空气中燃烧，因此形成了二氧化碳。‎ ‎②Some students spend too much time on QQ and WeChat, ________________________.‎ 有些学生花了太多的时间在QQ和微信上，这让他们的老师和家长担忧。‎ ‎(2)不定式作结果状语通常表示出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎③I rushed to the school, ________________ it was Sunday.‎ 我急忙朝学校跑去，结果却发现是星期天。‎ ‎[答案]　①forming　②making their teachers and parents worried　③only to find ‎　　Many art lovers consider the Frick Collection the better art gallery in New York. This is why Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, left his house, furniture and art collection for the American people. At his gallery, you would see an excellent collection of pretwentieth century Western paintings, which appeal many lovers of art. You will also be able to explore Frick's beautiful house. The house is well worth visiting. Besides, GuggenheimMuseum owns 5,000 modern figure, sculptures or drawings. Not all art works is displayed at the same time. The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom of.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Many art lovers consider the Frick Collection the art gallery in New York. This is Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, his house, furniture and art collection the American people. At his gallery, you 23‎ ‎ see an excellent collection of pretwentieth century Western paintings, which appeal many lovers of art. You will also be able to explore Frick's beautiful house. The house is well worth visiting. Besides, Guggenheim Museum owns 5,000 modern ， sculptures drawings. Not all art works displayed at the same time. The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom .‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To figure ________ how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues tracked the environmental costs for each product.‎ ‎[答案]　out ‎2．(2018·天津卷)I saw some ________(sculpture) in one room.‎ ‎[答案]　sculptures ‎3．He had no offspring throughout his life, but fortunately, he had an ________(adopt) son.‎ ‎[答案]　adopted ‎4．I have tried to keep my translation as ________(faith) as possible to the original book.‎ ‎[答案]　faithful ‎5．As for diet, Michael Jackson chooses vegetables and fruit in ________(prefer) to any kind of meat.‎ ‎[答案]　preference ‎6．A great deal of progress ________________(make) over the last several decades in health, education and peace.‎ ‎[答案]　has been made ‎7．Therefore, ________(possess) good habits can enjoy a better life, why not change your bad habits into positive ones?‎ ‎[答案]　possessing ‎8．He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird ________(attempt) its first flight.‎ ‎[答案]　attempting ‎9．Many years ago, it was ________ (predict) that the robot would take the 23‎ ‎ place of human being, actually it won't.‎ ‎[答案]　predicted ‎10．All the scientific ________(evident) shows that increasing use of chemicals in farming is damaging our health.‎ ‎[答案]　evidence Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．What coincidence！I didn't expect to see you here.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在What后加a ‎2．You can't legally take the possession of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉第一个the ‎3．If you followed my advice，you wouldn't have made such a mistake.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在followed前加had ‎4．We can't figure on why quite a number of animals are dying out.____________‎ ‎[答案]　on→out ‎5．It is typical for students to stay up reading till late night before the final exam.____________‎ ‎[答案]　for→of ‎6．It was only on coincidence that I saw the injured child on my way home, so I called 120 at once.____________‎ ‎[答案]　第一个on→by ‎7．All attempt to control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.____________‎ ‎[答案]　attempt→attempts ‎8．A great deal of work have still to be done on the problem of air pollution.____________‎ ‎[答案]　have→has ‎9．For a child, wild animals are a thing of wonder, and as we grow older, we hope to see them in flesh.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在in后加the ‎10．The art gallery is full of a variety of art works so that it appeals visitors from all over the world.____________‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　在appeals后加to Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。(倒装句)‎ By the side of the Bird's Nest ____________________， completed in 2008.‎ ‎[答案]　stands the Water Cube ‎2．没有太阳，地球上的所有生物将会死去。(without含蓄条件虚拟语气)‎ Without the sun, ________________________.‎ ‎[答案]　all living things on the earth would die ‎3．关心别人胜过关心自己是他的特点。(typical)‎ ‎________________________ to care more about others than himself.‎ ‎[答案]　It is typical of him ‎4．显然，成功的人是那些行动的人。(evident)‎ ‎________________________ successful people are those who act.‎ ‎[答案]　It is evident that ‎5．我们学校将举办一项旨在帮助学生抵制网瘾的活动。(aim)‎ Our school will hold an event ___________________ the Internet addiction.‎ ‎[答案]　aiming at helping students fight against ‎6．几百年来，人类一直尝试发展更快、更经济的旅行方式。(attempt)‎ For hundreds of years, humans ______________ means for faster, more economical travel.‎ ‎[答案]　have attempted to develop 23‎ 高考题型分组训练 阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Life can sometimes seem like an endless series of exhibitions. For those of us involved in the art world, there are times when we're constantly visiting gallery(画廊) after gallery, taking in as much as possible and getting to know the works of artists from far and wide. But there are some artists whose works consistently stand out. Some artists' works stay in the thought and heart of an audience long after the show is over. I've noticed over the years that these are often the artists who have understood fully the skill of telling the story behind their art. These artists aren't just selling paintings—they're selling an experience.‎ Roxanna Kibsey is one of these artists. Her paintings are often exact description of frozen tundra(冻原) or autumn trees—so bright that they could nearly burn a hole in the canvas. When I met her at an exhibition she couldn't wait to tell me about the place in her paintings. “Where I grew up we had nine months of winter every year. It's really quite a tough place，” she said. She relived a part of her childhood when we chatted in front of her painting. The image brought to my mind memories of driving through the snow－covered countryside during my own first winter in Canada. I could almost hear the crunching ice under my feet as she described to me the countryside she grew up in.‎ Businessmen may have their elevator_pitch,_but artists, too, need their 30－second story which rolls freely off the tongue. That's why it's so important that for each piece you might be exhibiting, you can conjure up(唤起) a story behind it, and tell that story to your audience in a way that helps them connect with your work, and makes them want to buy a piece.‎ 语篇解读：作者通过自己跟一位画家的接触以及对她作品的描述来告诉我们什么样的画家才会打动我们，感染我们。‎ ‎1．What kind of artists does the author like?‎ A．Those who have great skills.‎ B. Those who have held many exhibitions.‎ C．Those who paint scenes of their own home towns.‎ D．Those who tell their experience through their paintings.‎ 23‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第一段的“These artists aren't just selling paintings—they're selling an experience.”可知，作者认为能够打动观众、给观众以深刻印象的是那些能够通过自己的画作描述自己的经历的画家。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．Through Roxanna Kibsey's painting, the author ________.‎ A．had a beautiful imagination B．thought of a serious question C．brought back his own memory D．thought of his own hometown ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知，作者看着Roxanna Kibsey的画作，听着她的讲述，不禁联想到自己第一次在加拿大过冬时的情景。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．What does the underlined part “elevator pitch” probably refer to?‎ A．A sales introduction. B．A wise choice.‎ C．A small mistake. D．A modern tool.‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。分析最后一段，商人的“elevator pitch”就等同于画家的“30second story”，是一种“产品推介”，用来吸引买家。‎ ‎[答案]　A B For more than a century it was thought that a beautiful face was appealing because it was a collection of average features. Using his computer system, Dr. David Perrett of the University of St Andrews has challenged the theory. In a key experiment, photographs of women were ranked for their attractiveness by a number of volunteers. Two composite (混合的) pictures were then created: one, the average of all the pictures, the other made from those rated most attractive. Although the faces looked very similar at first sight, most people said they preferred the composite of most attractive faces.‎ ‎“The conclusion I reached，” said Dr. Perrett, “was that the most attractive face was not average. If you look at famous film stars and supermodels, most of them have ideal (理想的) features—larger than normal eyes, highter arched eyebrows, slightly smaller noses, and higher cheekbones (颧骨). Even popular cartoon characters such as Betty Boop, Yasmin from Aladdin and Bambi have big eyes, small turned－up noses, big mouths and small chins. And if these features are exaggerated, the attractiveness rating goes up even more. Julia Robers is a good example of this.”‎ 23‎ But what do scientists make of men's faces? Do men with large eyes, high cheekbones and a small chin have the same appeal? Researchers were a bit shocked at the topranking male face. They expected it to have the classic square jaw and strong cheekbones, but instead, women seem to prefer men with gentle faces.‎ Dr. Perrett puts forward a reason to explain why so many women now go for baby－faced stars such as Leonardo DiCaprio and Jude Law. Women like a man with a feminine (女性化的) face because he is more likely to make a kinder and more trustworthy husband and father.‎ But do these ideals of beauty manage to cross cultural boundaries? Are the same features considered to be attractive all over the world? A worldwide study carried out by Professor Cunningham of the University of Louisville, Kentucky concluded that there were only very subtle differences between different cultures. In other words, although there might be a little truth in the old saying that beauty is in the eye of the beholder, by and large, we all seem to be attracted to the same things.‎ 语篇解读：本文是议论文。文章探讨了人们如何判断美。‎ ‎4．Dr. Perrett reached his conclusion mainly by ________.‎ A．telling true stories B．making comparisons C．setting down general rules D．following the order of importance ‎[解析]　写作手法题。由第一段Dr. Perrett所做的实验“one, the average of all the pictures, the other made from those rated most attractive... most people said they preferred the composite of most attractive faces”和第二段他的结论“the most attractive face was not average”可知，Dr. Perrett通过实验对比得出其结论。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎5．According to Dr. Perrett's theory, Julia Roberts in considered very ________.‎ A．appealing B．intelligent C．successful D．trustworthy ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第二段Dr. Perrett总结明星和超模的长相特点可知，朱莉娅·罗伯茨非常有魅力。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎6．Which of the following features of men is most attractive to women?‎ A．Large eyes. B．Baby faces.‎ 23‎ C．Big mouths. D．High cheekbones.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第三段的“women seem to prefer men with gentle faces”和第四段的“many women now go for baby－faced stars”可知答案。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎7．According to the author, people from different cultures ________.‎ A．seem to pay little attention to their differences B．have completely different views about beauty C．have managed to cross cultural boundaries D．seem to have the similar standard of beauty ‎[解析]　推理判断题。由最后一段Professor Cunningham的结论可知，不同文化之间对美的看法仅仅只是细微的差别，再由作者全文介绍Dr. Perrett的最新理论以及最后一段他说的“by and large, we all seem to be attracted to the same things”可知，作者认为总体上人们有着相似的审美标准。‎ ‎[答案]　D C ‎(2018·山东青岛二中月考)I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.‎ This year, a very sweet old lady that I cared for, Alice, had gone through a difficult time. She got dementia and so she had been in the hospital twice. In November I was finally able to get her back to her “home”．‎ Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days. When she finally realized that the happy moment was not going to happen, she was very sad. Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy. I hated the idea of her being alone during the holiday!‎ On Christmas Eve, I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.‎ Instead of taking her to my church, I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were. We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in. Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.‎ The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.‎ The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile 23‎ ‎ on Alice's face.‎ 语篇解读：老人的女儿不能回来陪老人一起过圣诞节，作者便在平安夜带老人去有老人熟悉的朋友的老社区教堂。在那里，老人见到了她的老朋友，作者看到了老人脸上幸福的笑容，这也是作者得到的最好的礼物。‎ ‎8．The underlined word “dementia” in Paragraph 2 probably is ________.‎ A．a house B．a letter C．an illness D．a plan ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“so she had been in the hospital twice”可推断出，Alice生病了，住了两次院，故选C项。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎9．Where did Alice spend her Christmas Eve according to the story?‎ A．In her old house.‎ B．In her old neighborhood church.‎ C．In the nursing home.‎ D. In the hospital.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的第一句“Instead of taking her to my church, I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.”可知选B项。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎10．What was the best gift that the author got on Christmas Eve?‎ A．The candlelight service.‎ B．Praise from Alice's friends.‎ C．Alice's happiness.‎ D．Thanks from Alice's daughter.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice's face.”可知，作者得到的最好的礼物是Alice脸上的笑容，即她的快乐，故选C项。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎11．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．A special candlelight Christmas Eve B．The dream of all old ladies C．My special job D．The true love ‎[解析]‎ 23‎ ‎　标题归纳题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了一个特别的平安夜的故事，故选A项。‎ ‎[答案]　A D Vincent Van Gogh, for whom color was the most important form of expression, was born in Holland in 1853. Brought up in a religious and cultured atmosphere, Van Gogh was highly emotional and lacked self－confidence. Between 1860 and 1880, when he finally decided to become an artist, Van Gogh had worked unsuccessfully as a clerk in a bookstore and an art salesman. He remained in Belgium to study art, determined to give happiness by creating beauty. One of his famous paintings is ThePotatoEaters (1885)．‎ In 1886, he went to Paris to join his brother Théo. In Paris, Van Gogh studied with Cormon, later met Pissarro, Monet, and Gauguin, and began to lighten his very dark palette(调色板). His nervous temperament made him a difficult companion and night－long discussions combined with painting all day undermined his health. He decided to go south to Arles where he hoped his friends would join him and help found a school of art. Gauguin did join him but with bad results. Near the end of 1888, an incident led Gauguin to finally leave Arles. Van Gogh ran after him with an open razor, was stopped by Gauguin, but ended up cutting a part of his own ear off. Van Gogh then was sent to a mental (精神的) hospital for treatment.‎ In May of 1890, he seemed much better and went to live in Auvers－sur－Oise under the watchful eye of Dr. Cachet. Two months later he was dead, having shot himself “for the good of all”. During his brief career he had sold one painting. Van Gogh's finest works were produced in less than three years. His great fusion(融合) of form and content is powerful, dramatic and emotional, for the artist was completely absorbed in the effort to explain either his struggle against madness or his comprehension of the spiritual essence(精华) of man and nature.‎ 语篇解读：本文简要介绍著名艺术家梵高的生平及其作品特点。‎ ‎12．Before Van Gogh started to learn art, ________.‎ A．he couldn't do his work well B．he was confident about himself C．he did a good job in a bookstore D．he was one of the successful artists ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，在Van Gogh决定成为画家之前，他的工作并不成功，也就是没能把自己的工作做好。‎ 23‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎13．The underlined word “undermined” in Paragraph 2 means “________”．‎ A．harmed B．improved C．challenged D．punished ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。彻夜长谈及整日画画对健康不利，画线词意为“损害”，harm与其意思接近。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎14．Gauguin finally decided to leave Van Gogh probably because ________.‎ A．Van Gogh didn't like Gauguin at all B．something was wrong with Van Gogh C．Gauguin cut off one of Van Gogh's ears D．Gauguin hated to be a teacher at the school ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可推知，Van Gogh精神上出现了问题，他想伤害Gauguin，所以Gauguin选择了离开。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎15．What can we learn from Van Gogh's works?‎ A．His pride and kindness.‎ B．His cruelty and failure.‎ C．His honesty and strength.‎ D．His struggle and viewpoints.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，Van Gogh在他的作品中展现了他与精神错乱的抗争及他对人与自然的精神实质的理解，故D项正确。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2018·河北七校联考)‎ What is happiness?‎ What is happiness? When you can feel inner peace and satisfaction, you are happy. __1__ This usually happens when we do something we love or achieve something that we value. It is our opinions that make us feel happy or unhappy. All of us constantly go through various situations or conditions, but we do not have to let them influence our reactions and feelings. __2__‎ Try hard to make a change of the way you look at things. __3__ That means looking at the good and positive side of every situation. Pay attention to solutions, not problems. Listen to relaxing and uplifting music. Watch funny and interesting 23‎ ‎ programs that make you laugh.‎ Always look at what you have done and not at what you haven't done. Look at what you can do, not at what you cannot do. Each day do at least one act to make others happy. When you make someone happy, you'll become happy, and then people will try to make you happy. __4__ On the contrary, be happy for their happiness. Communicate with happy people and try to learn from them to be happy. Remember, do your best to stay detached(冷静的) when things do not occur as intended and desired. Detachment has much to do with inner peace. __5__‎ A．I've never regretted it.‎ B．Always look at the bright side.‎ C．Do not envy people who are happy.‎ D．Stop asking for everyone's approval.‎ E．Inner peace can lead to happiness, so smile more often.‎ F．Here are a few tips for increasing happiness in daily life.‎ G．It is usually experienced at a special moment.‎ 语篇解读：本文就如何提升幸福感提出了几条建议。‎ ‎1．[解析]　由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做自己喜欢做的事情或者获得我们重视的东西时降临；据此可知，G项“幸福感通常是在特定的时刻被体验到”符合语境，引出下文。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎2．[解析]　根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提升幸福感的建议，所以选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎3．[解析]　根据空后一句“That means looking at the good and positive side of every situation.”可知选B项，即要经常看到事物光明的一面。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．[解析]　根据空后一句“On the contrary，be happy for their happiness.”可知，空处的意思与“be happy for their happiness”相反，故选C项“不要忌妒幸福的人”。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎5．[解析]　根据空前一句“Detachment has much to do with inner peace.”可知，冷静地面对事情和内心的平静有很大关系，据此可以判断，空处阐述的是内心的平静和幸福的关系，故E项符合语境。‎ ‎[答案]　E 23‎ 23‎