2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit6 Earth first

2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit6 Earth first

Section Ⅱ　Integrating skills & Developing ideas 重点单词 阅读词汇 ‎(在不认识的单词前划√)‎ ‎□highlight v．　 　□hunting n．　□presentation n．□reserve n．　 □drought n．□flood n．　 □restore v.‎ ‎□sustainable adj. □carbon n. □greenhouse n. □brochure n. □solar adj. □release v. □smog n.‎ ‎□fog n. □severe adj. □infection n. □slide n. □false adj. □device n. □mode n.‎ ‎□leak v. □plug n. □campaign n. □canteen n.‎ 写作词汇 ‎1.ocean n. 海洋，大海 ‎2．staff__n. 员工 ‎3．establish v. 建立，设立 ‎4．damage v. 破损，损害，损伤 ‎5．affect v. 影响 ‎6．supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水 等供应(系统)‎ ‎7.lecture__n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 ‎8．amount n. 数量，数额 ‎9．electricity n. 电 ‎10.__remove v. 移走，搬走，去掉 ‎11．urge__v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 ‎12．average adj. 平均(数)的　　　　　　　　　　‎ 拓展词汇 ‎13.devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．热爱；献身；奉献 ‎14．cruelty__n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的 ‎15．adopt v．采取(某种方法) →adoption n．收养，过继；采取 ‎16．reduce v．减少，降低→reduction n．减少，降低 ‎17.permission n．允许，许可→permit vt.允许 n．许可证 - 17 -‎ ‎18．majority n．多数，大多数(人或物)→major adj.主要的；多数的 ‎19．concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→concern n．& v．关心，担心；影响，涉及 ‎20．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献；捐献→contribution n．贡献 重点短语 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1.aim__at 目标是……； 旨在做……‎ ‎2．keep...from__doing... 阻止……做……‎ ‎3．be__used__to__do 被用来做……‎ ‎4．take__care__of 照顾；照看 ‎5．the__majority__of... 大多数……‎ ‎6．mistake...for... 把……误认为……‎ ‎7.break__down 分解 ‎8．up__to 多达，高达 ‎9．turn__off 关闭 ‎10．common__sense 常识 ‎11．take...into__account 把……考虑进去 ‎12．depend__on 依靠；取决于 ‎13．call__on 号召 重点句型 ‎1.It takes time/money (for sb./sth.) to do sth.：It takes__hundreds__of__years__for__plastic__to__break__down(塑料需要几百年才能分解)．..‎ ‎2．倍数句型：However, making a paper bag uses four__times__as__much__energy__as__making__a__plastic__bag(所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍) and up to three times the amount of water. ‎ ‎3．强调句型：It__is__the__production__of__food,__not__its__transport,__that(是食物的生产而不是食物的运输) uses most of the energy and produces most of the greenhouse gases.‎ Read the text on Pages 68－69 and choose the best answer.‎ ‎1．Why does the writer write the passage?‎ - 17 -‎ A．He wants to introduce some new ways to save energy.‎ B．He wants to correct the false green truths and show really green ones.‎ C．He wants to call on more people to protect the environment.‎ D．He wants to explain the importance of energy saving.‎ ‎2．In the following, which one is NOT the disadvantage of plastic bags?‎ A．Causing litter.‎ B．Being treated as food by wild animals.‎ C．Taking much more time to break down.‎ D．Using much more energy to produce.‎ ‎3．Why do people prefer to each local food?‎ A．Because it can save the energy used to transport.‎ B．Because it tastes better than the food transported long away.‎ C．Because its production uses less energy.‎ D．Because it produces less greenhouse gas.‎ ‎4．According to the passage, when should you take a shower?‎ A．Anytime you like.‎ B．When you spend less than 8 minutes in a shower.‎ C．When your bath is quite large.‎ D．When you use about 50 litres of water.‎ 答案：1－4.BDAB ‎ devote　 vt.致力，献身，倾注 ‎(教材P65) Now, she is a model and performance artist devoted to ocean conservation.‎ 现在，她是一位致力于海洋保护的模特和表演艺术家。‎ ‎ (1)devote...to...　 把……奉献给；把……专注于……‎ devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 ‎(2)devoted adj. 深爱的；忠诚的 be devoted to 专心于；致力于 ‎(3)devotion n. 热爱；奉献 ‎①I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question.‎ 我认为我们在这个问题上不应该花费更多的时间了。‎ - 17 -‎ ‎②He devoted all his spare time to helping(help) his students with their English.‎ 他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助他的学生学习英语。‎ ‎③(四川卷)Before the exam，I devoted myself to preparing(prepare) for it.‎ 考试之前，我全身心备考。‎ ‎④We were deeply touched by his devotion(devote) to world peace.‎ 他一心为世界和平做贡献，这使我们深受感动。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——语法填空 Mrs. White, a devoted(devote) friend of mine, devoted all her energy to her career and her devotion(devote) to children made us vote for her. Finally, she was promoted(晋升) to headmistress.‎ ‎ damage　 v．& n．破损，损害，损伤 ‎(教材P65)In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetland that were damaged by human activity.‎ 近年来，我们看到大片湿地被人类活动破坏。‎ ‎(1)　 　　 对……造成损害 ‎(2)damage one’s health 损害某人的健康 ‎①Do away with the bad habits that might damage your health.‎ 去掉那些有可能损害你健康的坏习惯。‎ ‎②Damage caused(cause) by the earthquake disaster can’t be ignored.‎ 地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。‎ ‎③Eating too much meat one time will do damage to your stomach.　一次性吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——完成句子 众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。‎ As we all know, smoking__can__damage__our__health．‎ ‎ affect　 v．影响；感动，打动 ‎(教材P65)We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water supply downstream.‎ 我们也看到了这些变化造成的干旱和洪水，它们影响了下游的供水。‎ ‎(1)be greatly/deeply affected by　 被……深深感动 ‎(2)effect n. 作用；影响 have an effect on 对……产生影响 ‎①I had to make important decisions that would affect me for the rest of my - 17 -‎ ‎ life.‎ 我不得不作出影响我后半生的重大决定。‎ ‎②All the people in the room were__affected(affect) to tears by his story.‎ 屋里所有的人都被他的故事感动得流下了眼泪。‎ ‎③The weightloss pill has a strong side effect on people’s hearts.‎ 这种减肥药对人的心脏有极强的副作用。‎ ‎ adopt　vt.采纳，采用；收养 ‎(教材P65)This includes keeping the original environment from being touched, as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals.‎ 这包括保持原始环境不被影响，以及采用新的、可持续的饲养农场动物的方法。‎ ‎(1)adopt an idea/a plan　　　　 采纳意见/计划 adopt an approach/attitude 采取一种方法/态度 adopt a son 收养一个儿子 ‎(2)adopted adj. 领养的；收养的 ‎(3)adoption n. 采用，采纳；过继 ‎①He decided to adopt a new approach to teaching languages.‎ 他决定采用一种新的语言教学法。‎ ‎②Mr. White is the adopted son of Mrs. Joanna, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.(adopt)‎ 怀特先生是乔安娜女士的养子。20年前他的父母去世时，乔安娜收养了他。‎ ‎③We will encourage a wider adoption(adopt) of this method.‎ 我们将鼓励更广泛地采用这种方法。‎ 注意不要将adopt和adapt混淆。adapt意为“使……适应；改编，改写”，常见搭配：adapt to适应；adapt oneself to使自己适应……‎ ‎[巧学活用]——选词填空(adopt/adapt)‎ The young couple adopted the suggestion that they should adopt an orphan. After a few months, the adopted child adapted to his new life.‎ ‎ reduce　v．减少，降低 ‎(教材P66)Reduce waste by choosing reusable products...‎ 通过选择可重复利用产品来减少浪费……‎ ‎ (1)reduce...to...　　　　 把……降到/减少到……‎ reduce...by... 把……降低/减少了……‎ ‎(2)reduction n. 降低；减少 - 17 -‎ ‎①Speaking of pollution, we really need to reduce the use of cars.‎ 说到污染，我们真的需要减少汽车的使用。‎ ‎②Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10% since 2019, we can’t afford it either.‎ 尽管从2019年以来房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。‎ ‎③Last week the price of eggs reduced to 6 yuan per kilogram.‎ 上周，鸡蛋的价格降至每千克6元。‎ ‎ amount　n．数量；数额　vi.合计；相当于 ‎(教材P68)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. ‎ 然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。‎ ‎ (1)a large amount of＝large amounts of 大量的 ‎(2)in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地 ‎①It was obvious that the man made a large amount of money in California.‎ 很显然，这个人在加利福尼亚州赚了一大笔钱。‎ ‎②A large amount of medicine__is(be) indeed needed in the earthquakehit area.‎ 地震灾区确实需要大量的药品。‎ ‎③Large amounts of money are__spent(spend) on the celebration.‎ 大量的资金被花在庆祝活动上。‎ ‎“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎ take...into account (＝take account of)‎ ‎　　　　　 　　　　　把……考虑进去 ‎(教材P69) In some cases, local produce might have used more energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away—even taking into account its transport.‎ 在某些情况下，当地的农产品可能比很远的地方的农产品消耗了更多的能源，‎ - 17 -‎ 产生了更多的温室气体，还要考虑到运输。‎ account vi.& vt.　　　　 认为；说明；总计有 n. 说明；理由；计算；账目 account for 是……的原因；解释；导致；占……(比 ‎ 例)‎ give an account of 说明 on account of 由于，因为 ‎①He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened on the spot.‎ 他震惊得无法描述现场发生了什么事情。‎ ‎②She was absent from school on account of illness yesterday.‎ 昨天她因病没有去学校。‎ ‎③You’ll have to account for__why you told a lie to me.‎ 你必须向我解释你为什么向我撒谎。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——词汇升级 ‎(普通表达)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.‎ ‎(高级表达)I sincerely hope that you will take__my__suggestions__into__account．‎ ‎ urge　v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 ‎(教材P71)It urges people to save food by not wasting anything on the dining table.‎ 它敦促人们节约食物，不要浪费餐桌上的任何东西。‎ ‎(1)urge vt.　　　　　　　 催促；主张 ‎ urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth.‎ ‎ 敦促某人做某事 ‎ urge that...(should) do sth.‎ ‎ 强烈要求……(应该)做某事；极力主 ‎ 张……(应该)做某事 ‎(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的 ‎ ‎①It is impolite for one to urge other people to drink in the west. ‎ 在西方，过分劝酒是不礼貌的。‎ ‎②They urged that the library (should)__be__kept(keep) open during the vacation. ‎ 他们极力主张图书馆在假期开放。‎ ‎③I’m afraid something urgent(urge) has come up; I won’t be to see you - 17 -‎ ‎ tonight.‎ 很抱歉，我有些急事；今天晚上不去见你了。‎ ‎ concerned　adj.焦急的；担忧的 ‎(1)be concerned about/for...　 担心/关心……‎ be concerned with/in... 与……有关 as/so far as...be concerned 就……而言 ‎(2)concern n. [U]担心；关切；[C]‎ ‎ 关心的人(或)事 vt. 涉及，参与；(使)担忧 show concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 ‎①After being told her son was lost, a concerned look appeared on her face.‎ 被告知她的儿子失踪后，她脸上出现了担心的表情。‎ ‎②My English teacher showed great concern about/for me and I felt very warm.‎ 我的英语老师很关心我，我感到很温暖。‎ ‎③We had several disputes concerned(concern) with this matter.‎ 关于此事，我们曾争论过数次。‎ ‎④As far as I am concerned(concern), parents are too concerned about/for the future of their children.‎ 在我看来，父母太过关心他们孩子的未来了。‎ concerned用作形容词时意为“担忧的；关心的”；用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。另外concerning用作介词时意为“关于；对于”。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——用concern的相关用法填空 As__far__as__I__am__concerned,__educators should be__concerned__about the problems that are__concerned__with the healthy growth of the children.‎ 就我而言，教育工作者应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。‎ ‎ contribute　v．促成，造成(某事发生)；贡献；捐献 ‎(1)contribute to (doing) ...　　 有助于；促成 contribute...to... 向……捐献……；‎ ‎ 向……投稿 ‎(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款；投稿 make contributions/a contribution to ‎ 对……作出贡献 ‎①(牛津词典)The writer personally contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake - 17 -‎ ‎ fund.‎ 那位作家亲自捐赠了5 000英镑给地震基金。‎ ‎②The invention of paper is a great contribution(contribute) to human civilization.‎ 纸的发明是对人类文明的一大贡献。‎ ‎③To make our country stronger, everyone should make his/her contributions(contribute)．‎ 为了让我们的国家更加强大，每个人都必须作出贡献。‎ ‎④I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving(solve) the problem.‎ 我确信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——用contribute的适当形式或短语完成小片段 Many people contributed__money__to the poor boy, which contributed__to his returning to school. A writer wrote this story and contributed it to a magazine.‎ 许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱， 这使他重新回到了校园。一个作家把这个故事写了下来， 并给一家杂志投稿。‎ ‎ It takes time (for sb./sth.) to do sth.‎ ‎(教材P68)It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down...‎ 塑料需要几百年才能分解……‎ It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.意为“做某事花费(某人)多少时间”，其中It为形式主语， 后面的不定式短语to do sth. 是真正的主语。此外， take 还可表示“需要” 之意， it takes/took...to do sth.做某事需要……‎ ‎(1)sth. take (sb.) some time某事花费(某人)多少时间 ‎(2)sb.spend some time/money (in) doing/on sth.某人花费多少时间/金钱做某事 ‎(3)sth. cost (sb.) some time/money某事/物花费(某人)多少时间/金钱 ‎(4)sb.pay some money for sth./to do sth.某人花费多少金钱为某物/做某事 ‎①It took me quite a long time to understand the meaning of the painting.‎ 我花了相当长的时间才理解那幅画的意义。‎ ‎②Believe it or not, it takes great courage to__tell(tell) the truth.‎ 信不信由你，说实话需要勇气。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——完成句子 ‎(1)These days，music fans spend__less__money__in__buying records than people used to do. (spend)‎ 如今，音乐迷在买唱片上花的钱比人们以前花得要少。‎ - 17 -‎ ‎(2)a.We’ll have to save as much as possible in order to pay__for__the__new__house. (pay)‎ 为了买新房子，我们不得不尽量节俭。‎ b．I paid__him__20__dollars__to__repair my bike. (pay)‎ 我付给他20美元修自行车。‎ ‎(3)The book cost__me__8__dollars. (cost)‎ 这本书花了我8美元。‎ ‎ 倍数句型 ‎(教材P68)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. ‎ 然而，制作纸袋所消耗的能量是制作塑料袋的四倍，水的消耗量是塑料袋的三倍。‎ 句中four times as much energy as making a plastic bag是倍数比较的常用形式，其结构为： ...倍数＋as many/much＋n.＋as...。‎ 常见的倍数句型： ‎ A is＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as＋B.‎ A is＋倍数＋adj./adv.的比较级＋than＋B.‎ A is＋倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of＋B.‎ ‎①This year our company has published twice as many books as we did last year.‎ 今年我们公司已经出版的书是去年的两倍。‎ ‎②There is four times as much water in this pot as in that one.‎ 这个壶里的水是那个壶里的四倍。‎ ‎③The new stadium built for the 2022 Winter Olympics will be three times as big as the present one.‎ 为迎接2022年冬季奥运会而修建的体育场将是现在的三倍大。‎ ‎④This street is four times the length(long) of that one.‎ 这条街是那条街的四倍长。‎ times只用于倍数大于或等于三时，两倍用twice或double表示。‎ ‎[巧学活用]——一句多译 我们学校的面积是他们学校面积的三倍大。‎ ‎(1)Our school is three times as__large__as their school.‎ ‎(2)Our school is twice larger__than their school.‎ ‎(3)Our school is three times the__size of their school.‎ - 17 -‎ 品句填词 ‎1．Giving up smoking reduces(减低) the risk of heart disease.‎ ‎2．Mother urged(要求) me not to tell you anything about it. ‎ ‎3．Tu Youyou has devoted(奉献) her whole energy to medicine science.‎ ‎4．The earthquake has caused great damage(破坏) to the town.‎ ‎5．The average(平均的) age of the students in our school is 17.‎ ‎6．Our country attaches great importance to establishing(建立) reserves for animals in danger.‎ ‎7．He never adopts(采纳) other’s advice so that he always makes mistakes.‎ ‎8．Too much screen time may affect(影响) children’s eyesight. ‎ ‎9．The majority(大多数) of people in the town are strongly in support of the plan to build a playground for children.‎ ‎10．May I have your permission(允许) to leave a little earlier?‎ 完成句子 ‎1．吃过多的垃圾食品会导致肥胖。‎ Too much junk food may contribute__to__fatness．‎ ‎2．袁隆平将自己奉献给了水稻研究。‎ Yuan Longping has devoted__himself__to the study of rice.‎ ‎3．足球赛被推迟了是因为天气不好。‎ It__was__because__of__the__bad__weather__that the football match was put off.‎ ‎4．今年，我们读的书是去年的三倍。‎ This year, we have read three__times__as__many__books__as we did last year. ‎ ‎5．上个月我得了重感冒，花了整整一周的时间才恢复过来。‎ I caught a bad cold last month and it__took__a__whole__week__for__me__to recover from it. ‎ 单句语法填空 ‎1．Horace is so devoted(devote) to his garden that he hasn’t been away for 10 years.‎ ‎2．Britain had laws against cruelty(cruel) to animals but none to protect children.‎ - 17 -‎ ‎3．Aimed(aim) at improving the level of English, English Corner is held once a week.‎ ‎4．We are not permitted to__talk(talk) in the library, nor can we take books out without permission.‎ ‎5．Body language is one of the most powerful means of communication.It is used to__express(express) their thoughts and opinions and to communicate with each other.‎ ‎6．When the headmaster spoke out his plan, the majority(major) of the students in the class were against it.‎ ‎7．One third of the area has__been__affected(affect) by the severe drought in the past two months.‎ ‎8. It is said that this new kind of products has__adopted(adopt) nanotechnology(纳米技术)．‎ ‎9．The immigrant workers in this city have been reduced by 30% after the 2018 Spring Festival.‎ ‎10．If you are the last man to leave the room, remember to__turn(turn) off the lights.‎ 完成句子 ‎1．每个周末打扫房子花费她两个小时。‎ It__takes__her__two__hours__to__clean the house every weekend.‎ ‎2．这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。‎ This tree is three__times__as__tall__as/three__time__taller__than/three__times__the__‎ height__of that one.‎ ‎3．尽管那次大地震对这座城市造成了巨大的破坏，但它很快就从废墟中重建了起来。‎ Although that big earthquake did__great__damage__to this city, it was soon rebuilt from the ruins.‎ ‎4．既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。‎ Now that you are grownup, you should not depend__on__your__parents．‎ ‎5．你已经没有机会了。我必须设法让你避免犯相同的错。‎ There is no chance left.I’m trying to__keep__you__from__making__the__same__mistake．‎ 阅读理解 A - 17 -‎ We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow down climate change—use less energy.With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.‎ Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change.Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emission(排放) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.‎ We decided to try an experiment.For one month we recorded our personal emission of CO2.We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet.The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common things like turning on airconditioning or driving cars.That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses.But how much should we try to reduce?‎ For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth.In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emission to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping__points,__such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica.“To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emission by 80 percent，”he said.‎ Good advice, I thought.I’d opened our bedroom windows to let the wind in.We’d gotten so used to keeping our airconditioning going around the clock.I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened.We should not let this happen again.It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary.‎ ‎【解题导语】　作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起”的重要性。‎ ‎1．Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? ‎ A．To take special kinds of food.‎ B．To respond to climate change.‎ C．To lose weight.‎ D．To improve their health.‎ - 17 -‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句话中的“not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change”可知，作者和妻子这么做的目的是回答一个令人烦恼的气候变化问题。‎ ‎2．The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to “________”．‎ A．freezing points　　　　　 B．burning points C．melting points D．boiling points C　解析：词义猜测题。在他的书中，他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量，以免世界来到“熔点”，下面给出的例子“such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica”， 可以判断出C项正确。‎ ‎3．According to the passage, Tim Flannery ________．‎ A．made deep cuts in his personal emission of CO2‎ B．wrote a book about the climate changes C．succeeded in reducing CO2 emission by 80 percent D．was an author popular among readers B　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知， Tim Flannery的书是有关气候变化的，故B项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? ‎ A．Saving Energy Starts at Home B．Changing Our Habits Begins at Work C．Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable D．Reducing Emission of CO2 Proves Difficult A　解析：标题归纳题。作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动，向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起，从我做起”的重要性。‎ B Tonight, my piano recital(钢琴演奏会) was the most important thing in my family.My grandparents were coming by plane to hear me play.Even my busy Aunt Dianne, who is on TV every night reading the news, was coming.‎ But one thing was for sure.I would never win an award for my piano playing.And that’s just because the more I practised, the more nervous I got.So there I was, on stage，in my beautiful dress, and I sat down at the piano.But when I started to play，I hit a wrong note.I told myself to start over.But then I hit the wrong note again.It was as if I hadn’t practised at all.‎ - 17 -‎ Finally the__disaster__was over.I ran off the stage.I couldn’t understand why people were applauding(鼓掌)．But they were.My mum and dad had flowers for me，and they were all supposed to go out for a nice dinner，but I couldn’t.I just wanted to go home and cry and never go anywhere again.After we went back home，Aunt Dianne just came in and sat down on the side of my bed.‎ ‎“It was my first night on the air，” she said，“I had never been on television before，and I made a mistake.I mispronounced my name and the name of the news show.And you know what？No one even noticed but me.Just like tonight, no one noticed—just you.”Aunt Dianne was right.I think we are harder on ourselves than anyone else is.Maybe I will leave my room.And maybe, I’ll play the piano again.‎ ‎【解题导语】　作者因在钢琴演奏会上弹错了几个音符而感到十分沮丧，在姑姑的安慰和开导下，作者领悟到犯错在所难免，有时不应该对自己太苛刻，于是重拾弹奏钢琴的信心。‎ ‎5．The underlined part “the disaster” in Paragraph 3 refers to “________”．‎ A．the loud cheers of the audience B．the laughs from the audience C．the author’s piano performance D．the author’s practice on the stage C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句“Tonight，my piano recital(钢琴演奏会) was the most important thing in my family.”和第三段第二句“I ran off the stage.”可知，the disaster指的是作者的钢琴表演。‎ ‎6．We can infer from the text that ________．‎ A．music played a big role in the author’s life B．the author enjoyed staying with her family C．piano practice made the author feel confident D．the author got support from her family D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段后两句“My grandparents were coming...my busy Aunt Dianne...was coming.”和第三段第五句“My mum and dad had flowers for me...”可知，作者获得了家人的支持。‎ ‎7．What did the author learn from her piano performance?‎ A．Don’t be too hard on yourself.‎ B．Things seldom go as well as people expect.‎ C．No one will care what others have done.‎ D．Never think much of a matter.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aunt Dianne was right.I think we are harder - 17 -‎ ‎ on ourselves than anyone else is.”可知A项正确。‎ ‎8．What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Piano Lesson B．My Family and I C．My Aunt Dianne D．A Piano Recital Disaster D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者主要围绕一次糟糕的钢琴演奏会展开叙述。‎ 七选五 People with bad manners are refused in the world of work.They do not get good jobs or promotions(晋升)．Their businesses do not succeed.1.________They are liked and supported.They have friends, luck and success.When you improve your manners, you improve your chances of success.The following are several examples of good manners.‎ Be polite to everyone you meet.2.________For example, when you go on a job interview, be polite to the desk clerk as they can affect your chances of success.Use these magic words as often as possible: Hello, Please, Excuse me and Sorry, and use the two most important words: Thank you.‎ Use good manners in all of your communications.Examples: Return telephone and email messages within 24 hours; If you receive a rude message, do not respond with rudeness, but be polite; Do not interrupt people.3.________‎ ‎4．________ Cutting in front of other cars only gains you a few seconds of time.If you are polite, patient and calm, you will arrive safely and feel more relaxed.A good sense of humor shows good manners.5.________Before starting important conversations, meals or meetings, turn off your mobile phone.Ignoring people while you use your phone is impolite.‎ A．Use good manners when driving.‎ B．People with good manners are accepted.‎ C．You will never regret being polite, but you might regret being rude.‎ D．You should learn good manners from people around you.‎ E．Tell jokes or pass on humorous stories that everyone will enjoy.‎ F．Make sure people are ready to listen to you before you start talking.‎ G．It is better to make a careful plan before you take action.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论的是人们在生活和工作方面都要注意文明礼仪以及有礼貌的好处。‎ ‎1．B - 17 -‎ ‎　解析：空前两句讲述的是没有礼貌的人生活和工作都不会成功。再根据空后两句“They are liked and supported.They have friends, luck and success.”中的They应该是指有礼貌的人。所以选B项“People with good manners are accepted.”对有礼貌的人和没有礼貌的人进行前后对比。‎ ‎2．C　解析：根据本段第一句“Be polite to everyone you meet.”可知本段主要讲述的是我们对所遇见的人要有礼貌。所选答案必须是与polite相关的句子，只有C项“You will never regret being polite, but you might regret being rude.”是在讲述polite的好处。故C项符合本段中心思想。‎ ‎3．F　解析：根据空前一句“Do not interrupt people.”不要打断别人。也就是说在你说话的时候要知道对方是否愿意听你讲话，你有没有打断别人的发言。所以F项“Make sure people are ready to listen to you before you start talking.”符合上下文语境。‎ ‎4．A　解析：根据空后一句“Cutting in front of other cars only gains you a few seconds of time.”插到其他汽车前面只会节省你几秒钟的时间。说明本段是关于开车的礼仪。故A项“Use good manners when driving.”符合本段大意。‎ ‎5．E　解析：根据空前一句“A good sense of humor shows good manners.”幽默也说明有礼貌。本句应该与上句相一致，谈论的都是与幽默有关的话题。选项中只有E项“Tell jokes or pass on humorous stories that everyone will enjoy.”是与幽默有关的。所以E项符合前后文语境。‎ - 17 -‎